ENERGY IN CROATIA 2009
2.12. Final Energy Demand in Industry Table 1. gives the structure of final energy demand
by energy forms in industry over the period 2004 to 2009.
Figure 2.12. 1. shows the trends in this structure over the period 1988 to 2009. The final energy demand by industry in 2009 decreased by 16.4 percent from the previous year.
Such a decrease in the result of falling demand for all energy forms. The biggest drops in demand were recorded in liquid fuels and coal and coke and were 33.4 percent and 22.2 per-cent respectively. The consumption of other energy products also decreased: of natural gas by 16,2 percent, of electricity by 10.9 percent, and of fuel wood and biomass by 10.2 per-cent. The slowest decrease was in steam and hot water, by 9.5 percent.
Over the period 2004 to 2009 the energy consumption by 0
2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000
IS NO FI LU SE US BE CH AT JP FR NL DE DK CZ SI
EU27 ES IE GB GR IT EE SK RU PT HU BG PL RS HR MK BY UA LV LT TR BA RO AL MD
kWh/stanovniku | kWh/inhabitant 49663 24858
tako potrošnja tekućih goriva opadala s prosječnom godišnjom stopom od 12,4 posto, a potrošnja pare i vrele vode s prosječ-nom godišnjom stopom od 4,5 posto. Najsporije se smanjivala potrošnja prirodnog plina i to s prosječnom godišnjom stopom od 0,6 posto.
Tablica | Table 2.12.1. Neposredna potrošnja energije u industriji | Final energy demand in industry
2004. 2005. 2006. 2007. 2008. 2009. 2009./08. 2004.-09.
PJ %
Ugljen i koks
Coal and coke 8,98 10,43 11,15 11,74 11,56 9,00 -22,2 0,04
Ogrjevno drvo i biomasa
Biomass 0,19 0,72 0,85 0,93 0,83 -10,2
Tekuća goriva
Liquid Fuels 8,29 6,44 6,66 6,94 6,44 4,29 -33,4 -12,4
Plinovita goriva
Gaseous Fuels 13,17 14,09 13,96 13,65 15,25 12,78 -16,2 -0,6
Električna energija
Electricity 11,58 11,77 12,44 13,29 13,27 11,82 -10,9 0,4
Para i vrela voda
Steam and Hot Water 15,63 15,07 14,96 14,38 13,73 12,43 -9,5 -4,5
UKUPNO
TOTAL 57,65 57,99 59,88 60,83 61,17 51,14 -16,4 -2,4
Izvor | Source: EIHP
sumption decreased at an average annual rate of 12.4 per-cent; the consumption of steam and hot water was reduced at an average annual rate of 4.5 percent. The slowest decrease was in the consumption of natural gas, at an average annual rate of 0.6 percent.
Električna energija | Electricity Para i vrela voda | Steam and Hot Water 0
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
1988. 1990. 1995. 2000. 2005. 2009.
PJ
Ugljen i koks | Coal and coke Ogrjevno drvo i biomasa | Fuel wood and biomass Tekuća goriva | Liquid Fuels Plinovita goriva | Gaseous Fuels
Udjeli oblika energije koji su sudjelovali u opskrbi industrije u 2004. i 2009 godini prikazani su na slici 2.12.2. Para i vrela voda te prirodni plin su oblici energije koji su u potrošnji ener-gije u industriji ostvarili najveće udjele. U promatranom raz-doblju udio pare i vrele vode smanjen je s 27,1 na 24,3 posto, dok je udio prirodnog plina povećan s 22,8 na 25 posto. Vrlo značajno mjesto u opskrbi industrije ima električna energija.
Udio električne energije ostvario je porast s 20,1 posto u 2004.
godini na 23,1 posto u 2009. godini. Također je povećan udio ugljena i kosa i to s 15,6 na 17,6 posto, dok je udio tekućih goriva smanjen s 14,4 na 8,4 posto. Udio ogrjevnog drva i ostale biomase iznosio je u 2009. godini 1,6 posto.
2004. godina Year: 2004
2009. godina Year: 2009 Figure 2.12.2. shows the shares of energy forms in energy supply of industry in 2004 and 2009. Steam and hot water and natural gas are the energy forms with the highest share in energy consumption by industry. In the observed period the share of steam and hot water dropped form 27.1 to 24.3 per-cent, while the share of natural gas increased from 22.8 to 25 percent. Electricity had a very significant position in energy supply of industry, with a share that increased from 20.1 percent in 2004 to 23.1 percent in 2009. Also, the share of coal and coke increased from 15.6 to 17.6 percent, while the share of liquid fuels dropped from 14.4 to 8.4 percent. The share of fuel wood and biomass was 1.6 percent in 2009.
Slika | Figure 2.12.2. Udjeli oblika energije u neposrednoj potrošnji industrije | Shares of energy forms in final energy demand in industry – Izvor | Source: EIHP
Potrošnja energije u pojedinim industrijskim granama za proteklo razdoblje od 2004. do 2009. godine prikazana je
Table 2.12.2. gives the energy consumption in specific indu-strial sectors in the period 2004 to 2009 and Figure 2.12.3.
Plinovita goriva | Gaseous Fuels 22,8%
Električna energija | Electricity 20,1%
Para i vrela voda | Steam and Hot Water 27,1% Tekuća goriva | Liquid Fuels 14,4%
Ugljen i koks | Coal and coke 15,6%
Plinovita goriva | Gaseous Fuels 25,0%
Električna energija | Electricity 23,1%
Para i vrela voda | Steam and Hot Water 24,3% Tekuća goriva | Liquid Fuels 8,4%
Ugljen i koks | Coal and coke 17,6%
Ogrjevno drvo i biomasa | Fuel wood and biomass 1,6%
u svim ostalim granama industrije ostvaren pad potrošnje.
Najveće smanjenje potrošnje energije ostvareno je u industriji željeza i čelika, u industriji građevnog materijala i u prehram-benoj industriji i to za 24,1 posto, 23,8 posto i za 21,2 posto.
U kemijskoj industriji, ostaloj industriji i industriji obojenih metala smanjenje potrošnje energije bilo je umjerenije i izraženo u postocima iznosilo je 11,4 posto, 10,2 posto i 7,9 posto. Potrošnja energije u industriji papira povećana je za 16,7 posto, a u industriji nemetalnih minerala 0,2 posto.
Tijekom razdoblja od 2004. do 2009. godine u industriji je ostvaren trend smanjenja potrošnje energije s prosječnom godišnjom stopom od 2,4 posto. Samo je u industriji želje-za i čelika i industriji papira u promatranom vremenskom razdoblju ostvaren trend porasta potrošnje energije, dok je u svim ostalim granama industrije potrošnja energije opadala.
U industriji željeza i čelika potrošnja energije je rasla s pro-sječnom godišnjom stopom od 3,4 posto, a u industriji papira s prosječnom godišnjom stopom od 1,3 posto. Najbrže se smanjivala potrošnja energije u industriji nemetalnih minerala, u kemijskoj industriji i u industriji obojenih metala gdje su prosječne godišnje stope pada iznosile 7,4 posto, 5,4 posto i 4,3 posto. Potrošnja energije u ostaloj industriji, industriji građevnog materijala i prehrambenoj industriji smanjivala se s prosječnim godišnjim stopama 2,4 posto, 2 posto i 0,3 posto.
Tablica | Table 2.12.2. Potrošnja energije u industrijskim granama | Final energy demand by industrial sectors
2004. 2005. 2006. 2007. 2008. 2009. 2009./08. 2004.-09.
PJ %
Industrija željeza i čelika
Iron and Steel Industry 1,98 2,24 2,62 2,68 3,08 2,34 -24,1 3,4
Industrija obojenih metala
Non-Ferrous Metals Industry 0,68 0,64 0,60 0,67 0,60 0,55 -7,9 -4,3
Industrija nemetalnih minerala
Non-Metallic Minerals Industry 3,48 3,58 3,30 3,34 2,36 2,37 0,2 -7,4
Kemijska industrija
Chemical Industry 11,93 9,46 10,69 11,13 10,23 9,06 -11,4 -5,4
Industrija građevnog materijala
Construction Materials Industry 18,08 19,54 19,31 20,32 21,47 16,35 -23,8 -2,0
Industrija papira
Pulp and Paper Industry 2,97 3,36 3,45 2,98 2,72 3,17 16,7 1,3
Prehrambena industrija
Food Industry 9,46 9,71 10,06 9,64 11,80 9,30 -21,2 -0,3
Ostala industrija
Other Manufacturing Industries 9,05 9,45 9,86 10,08 8,92 8,00 -10,2 -2,4
UKUPNO INDUSTRIJA
struction materials industry and food processing industry. Their consumption dropped by the following respective rates: 24.1 percent, 23.8 percent and 21.2 percent. In chemical industry, other manufacturing industries and non-ferrous metals indu-stry the decrease in energy consumption was somewhat more moderate, with the following respective rates: 11.4 percent, 10.2 percent and 7.9 percent. Energy consumption of paper and pulp industry increased by 16.7 percent, and in non-metal minerals industry by 0.2 percent.
Over the period 2004 to 2009 energy consumption by industry was on a downward trend at an average annual rate of 2.4 per-cent. In the observed period only iron and steel industry and paper and pulp industry increased energy consumption, while in all other manufacturing industries energy consumption was decreased. The consumption by the iron and steel industry grew at an average annual rate of 3.4 percent, and paper and pulp industry increased their energy consumption at an average annual rate of 1.3 percent. The fastest decrease in energy con-sumption was in non-metallic minerals industry, in chemical industry and non-ferrous metals industry, with respective average decreasing rates: 7.4 percent, 5.4 percent and 4.3 percent.
Energy consumption in other manufacturing industries, construc-tion materials and food processing decreased at average annual rates of 2.4 percent, 2 percent and 0.3 percent respectively.
Slika | Figure 2.12.3. Potrošnja energije u industrijskim granama | Final energy demand by industrial sectors Izvor | Source: EIHP
Figure 2.14.2. shows the shares of industrial sectors in total final energy demand by industry in 2004 and 2009. Over this period food processing industry, iron and steel industry, paper and pulp industry, and construction materials increased their respective shares in final energy demand, while the shares of chemical industry, non-metallic minerals industry and non-ferrous metals industry decreased. The share of other manufacturing industries did not change and was 15.7 percent. The share of chemical industry fell by 3 percent so that in 2009 it was 17.7 percent. The share of non-metallic minerals decreased from 6 to 4.6 percent, while the share of non-ferrous metal industry decreases only minimally, by 0.1 percent and in 2009 it was 1.1 percent. The biggest share in industrial final energy demand was in construction materials industry, with a share growing from 31.4 to 32 percent. The share of food processing industry increased by 1.8 percent so that in 2009 this industry made 18.2 percent of final energy demand by industry. The shares of iron and steel industry Udjeli industrijskih grana u ukupnoj potrošnji energije u
industriji, u 2004. i 2009. godini prikazani su na slici 2.12.4.
U promatranom razdoblju povećan je udio prehrambene indu-strije, industrije željeza i čelika, industrije papira i industrije građevinskog materijala, dok je udio kemijske industrije, industrije nemetalnih minerala i industrije obojenih metala smanjen. Udio ostale industrije nije se mijenjao i iznosio je 15,7 posto. Udio kemijske industrije smanjen je za 3 posto tako da je ona u 2009. godini sudjelovala s 17,7 posto. Udio industrije nemetalnih minerala smanjen je s 6 na 4,6 posto, dok je smanjenje udjela industrije obojenih metala bilo mini-malno za 0,1 posto pa je udio te industrijske grane u 2009.
godini iznosio 1,1 posto. Najveći udio u potrošnji energije u industriji ostvarila je industrija građevinskog materijala kojoj je udio s 31,4 povećan na 32 posto. Udio prehrambene industrije je povećan za 1,8 pa je ona u potrošnji energije u 2009 sudjelovala s 18,2 posto. Udjeli industrije željeza i čelika i industrije papira povećani su za 1,2 posto, odnosno
0
1988. 1990. 1995. 2000. 2005. 2009.
PJ
Industrija željeza i čelika | Iron and Steel Industry Industrija obojenih metala | Non-Ferrous Metals Industry Industrija nemetalnih minerala | Non-Metallic Minerals Industry Kemijska industrija | Chemical Industry
Industrija građevnog materijala | Construction Materials Industry Industrija papira | Pulp and Paper Industry Prehrambena industrija | Food Industry Ostala industrija | Other Manufacturing Industries
Slika | Figure 2.12.4. Udjeli grana industrije u potrošnji energije | Shares of industrial sectors in final energy demand Izvor | Source: EIHP
2004. godina Year: 2004
2009. godina Year: 2009 Industrija obojenih metala |
Non-Ferrous Metals Industry 1,2%
Industrija željeza i čelika | Iron and Steel Industry 3,4%
Industrija papira | Pulp and Paper Industry 5,2%
Industrija građevnog materijala |
Construction Materials Industry 31,4% Kemijska industrija | Chemical Industry 20,7%
Industrija nemetalnih minerala | Non-Metallic Minerals Industry 6,0%
Ostala industrija | Other Manufacturing Industries 15,7%
Prehrambena industrija | Food Industry 16,4%
Industrija obojenih metala | Non-Ferrous Metals Industry 1,1%
Industrija željeza i čelika | Iron and Steel Industry 4,6%
Industrija papira | Pulp and Paper Industry 6,2%
Industrija građevnog materijala |
Construction Materials Industry 32,0% Kemijska industrija | Chemical Industry 17,7%
Industrija nemetalnih minerala | Non-Metallic Minerals Industry 4,6%
Ostala industrija | Other Manufacturing Industries 15,7%
Prehrambena industrija | Food Industry 18,2%
2.13. Final Energy Demand in Transport