Annexe 1: Questionnaire d’entrevue –version longue
Développé dans le cadre du programme de recherche IRMA, de M. Steve Déry, professeur au département de géographie, Université Laval.
A. GENERAL INFORMATION
1 .Name: 2. Age:
3. Ethnic group: 4. Religion :
5. Status: single married widow separated/divorced
6. Children (n):
7. Number (total) of people living in the household: 8. Birth place:
9. Education? a)
♂
b)♀
Children… 1) no education
2) primary school 3) lower secondary school 4) higher secondary school
5) technical school
6) college
7) university degree
8) other – please identify 10. Historical information about settlement and migration:
(When, with whom, arrival, where, why there, activities, any help from government, circumstances of the acquisition of their land?)
Name of interviewer: Interview #:
Locality : Date:
136 B. AGRICULTURE: LAND AND PRODUCTION
1. a) What is the total area of the land now: _________________ha /
b) How many plots? ________________ Where? _________________________ c) Is there any plot of shifting cultivation (details)?
2. Types of crops (fix) in the last 15-20 years:
Crop 1:______________ - year of start: ___________; + / - ::_______________________________; end:_____ Crop 2:______________ - year of start: ___________; + / - ::_______________________________; end:_____ Crop 3:______________ - year of start: ___________; + / - ::_______________________________; end:_____ Crop 4:______________ - year of start: ___________; + / - ::_______________________________; end:_____
Intercropping (tick the box)
Crop 1:_______________ Area______________ha/n Yield:_______________kg/year Crop 2:_______________ Area______________ha/n Yield:_______________kg/year Crop 3:_______________ Area______________ha/n Yield:_______________kg/year Crop 4:_______________ Area______________ha/n Yield:_______________kg/year 3. Area/portion of the land dedicated to a small garden for growing fruits and veggies _______________ 4. To whom are you selling your agricultural production? (last year, at what price in ₭/kg)
a) CROP 1 b) CROP 2 c) CROP 3 d) CROP 4
middlemen ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) market ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
self-consumed
other _______ ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
5. Any storage? a) b) c) d)
6. Any other commitment related to this trade of agricultural products? C. AGRICULTURE: TECHNIQUES
1. What system are you using to bring water to your field? (how many months in a year)
Rain fed ( ) Small irrigation system ( ) Big irrigation infrastructure ( ) Well ( ) Other ________________ ( )
2. Training? yes no Government extension Family Neighbours School 3. Description (When, Where, duration): ___________________________________________________________ 4. Do you feel confident using this system? 0----1----2----3----4---- 5
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5. Have you received any help from the government (which level) (training, money, tools, circumstances – for all these points = how long):
a) government (which level): b) company (name): c) other
6. a) What other techniques / tools do you use for your agricultural production? Since when (year)? 6. b) How have you been trained?
6a) Techniques (year) 6b) Training (tick all relevant boxes)
Fertilizers ( ) Government extension Family Neighbours School Company Pesticides ( ) Government extension Family Neighbours School Company Tools/machinery ( ) Government extension Family Neighbours School Company Other ( ) Government extension Family Neighbours School Company 7. If training, explain the details (how often, how long, where, etc.):
8. If training, was it useful? yes no 9. Confidence
a) Techniques b) How confident do you feel using these new techniques/tools? Fertilizers 0----1----2----3----4---- 5
Pesticides 0----1----2----3----4---- 5 Tools/machinery 0----1----2----3----4---- 5 Other 0----1----2----3----4---- 5 10. What could help you to be more confident?
11. Is there a cooperative in your village? yes no
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13. List of main techniques used in various agricultural systems of production (evolution in time)
D. TIME SPENT AT WORK
1. Calendar of work during the year
MONTH 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Crop Livestock NTFProd. Seedling Fertilizer Weeding Harvest
2. Details (how many days, who works, etc.)?
3. a) Do you hire employees to help you in your field work? yes no
b) How many? ____________ c) For how long? ____________ c) Which month? ___________ d) For what purpose? _______________________________________ e) Wages? __________________ f) Do you exchange labour with neighbours? yes no (family, other ________________ )
139 4. How do you occupy your free time (seasonal, weekly, daily)?
E) TRANSPORTATION
1. What means of transportation are you using…
a) … to the district town? _________________________
b) … for your trips to Pakse/Luang Nam Tha? ____________________________ c) … other place important? __________________________
NOW
2. How often are you going to _________________(district town) now ? ________ (per week / month /year ) 3. Why do you go to (district town) since the road is paved/improved (in order of importance)?
Leisure ( ) Visit family ( ) Buy clothes ( ) Visit hospital / buy medications ( ) Buy products at the market ( ) Sell products at the market ( ) Other: ________ ( ) 4. How often are you going to Pakse/Luang Nam Tha now ? ________ (per week / month /year ) 5. Why do you go to Pakse/Luang Nam Tha since the road is paved (in order of importance)? Leisure ( ) Visit family ( ) Buy clothes ( ) Visit hospital / buy medications ( ) Buy products at the market ( ) Sell products at the market ( ) Other: ________ ( )
BEFORE THE ROAD WAS PAVED/IMPROVED
7. How often were you going to _________________(district town)? ________ (per week / month /year ) Leisure ( ) Visit family ( ) Buy clothes ( ) Visit hospital / buy medications ( ) Buy products at the market ( ) Sell products at the market ( ) Other: ________ ( ) 8. How often were you going to Pakse/Luang Nam Tha? ________ (per week / month /year ) 9. Why did you go in Pakse/ Luang Nam Tha before the road is paved (in order of importance)? Leisure ( ) Visit family ( ) Buy clothes ( ) Visit hospital / buy medications ( ) Buy products at the market ( ) Sell products at the market ( ) Other: ________ ( )
140 F. SOCIOECONOMIC CONDITIONS
1. Number of months without enough rice? 2. Income of the household from agriculture?
(by month/by year) ___________________________
3. Other income? yes no (in $ or %):
□ forest protection allocation: ( )
□ labour with skills: ( )
- Where did you get the skills? __________________ - Who paid for your training? __________________ □ labour with no skills: ( )
□ work for a foreign company: ( )
□ collecting, hunting, gathering: ( )
□ animal raising: ( )
□ tourism: ( )
□ handicraft: ( )
□ civil servant: ( )
□ other: ___________________________ ( )
4. Since when do you get these alternative incomes? 5. Since you have these other sources of income how is your lifestyle? improved same less good 6. Details? 7. CONSUMER GOODS (n) (year of acquisition) a) Motorcycle: ( ) ( ) b) Car: ( ) ( ) c) TV set : ( ) ( ) d) Cell phone: ( ) ( ) e) Fixed phone: ( ) ( ) f) Refrigerator: ( ) ( ) g) Computer: ( ) ( )
h) Internet connexion: yes no
14. Which of these consumer goods changed the rhythm of your daily activities (work, leisure)? How?
* * * * *
8. Access to health care facilities? a) Where?
b) Level? c) Cost?
9. When did you get electricity?
10. When did you start to learn to speak Lao? _______ OR 10a) native
11. Where? school neighbours other 12. What level of Lao language do you have? no knowledge low fair good excellent How long did it take to be able to speak fluently?
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G. TRANSFORMATIONS – PAST, PRESENT, FUTURE
1. Which of the following events have contributed the most to improve your quality of life in the recent past (less than 10 years) (put in order of importance)?
( ) better roads ( ) change in the livelihoods ( ) electricity in the village ( ) change in agricultural production ( ) better schools ( ) better healthcare facilities
( ) others 1: ________________ ( ) others 2: ____________________ 2. How important the following features contribute to the quality of your life?
(0 = no contribution; 1 = barely important; 2 = a little; 3 = important; 4 = very important; 5 = most important) a) quality of roads: 0 -- 1 – 2 – 3 – 4 – 5
b) electricity in the village: 0 -- 1 – 2 – 3 – 4 – 5 c) good schools: 0 -- 1 – 2 – 3 – 4 – 5 d) good healthcare facilities: 0 -- 1 – 2 – 3 – 4 – 5 e) good prices of agricultural products: 0 -- 1 – 2 – 3 – 4 – 5 f) availability of good jobs: 0 -- 1 – 2 – 3 – 4 – 5 g) others 1 ______________________: 0 -- 1 – 2 – 3 – 4 – 5 h) others 2 ______________________: 0 -- 1 – 2 – 3 – 4 – 5
3. Can you list the things that have a bad impact on the quality of your life (explain why – few details)?
4. If you compare the time you spent working with 10 years ago, do you spend… more time same time less time
5. If you compare the time you spent on leisure activities with 10 years ago, do you spend… more time same time less time
6. How is your socioeconomic situation compare to 10 years ago? better-off same worse
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