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HAL Id: inria-00072897

https://hal.inria.fr/inria-00072897

Submitted on 24 May 2006

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Towards Designing SVM Coherence Protocols Using High-level Specifications and Aspect-oriented

Translations

David Mentré, Daniel Le Métayer, Thierry Priol

To cite this version:

David Mentré, Daniel Le Métayer, Thierry Priol. Towards Designing SVM Coherence Protocols Using High-level Specifications and Aspect-oriented Translations. [Research Report] RR-3765, INRIA. 1999.

�inria-00072897�

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ISSN 0249-6399

a p p o r t

d e r e c h e r c h e

INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET EN AUTOMATIQUE

Towards designing SVM coherence protocols using high-level specifications and

aspect-oriented translations

David Mentré, Daniel Le Métayer, Thierry Priol

N˚3765

Septembre 1999

THÈME 1

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Runtime Environment Invariants

Abstract protocol definition

High-level description

Checking Translation

choices Implementation

Automaton

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Local state

Allowed remote states Local event Remote event Read

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Invalid or Read

Inv or Read or R/W

Read/Write

Invalid Remote read Local write

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(17)

Unité de recherche INRIA Lorraine, Technopôle de Nancy-Brabois, Campus scientifique, 615 rue du Jardin Botanique, BP 101, 54600 VILLERS LÈS NANCY

Unité de recherche INRIA Rennes, Irisa, Campus universitaire de Beaulieu, 35042 RENNES Cedex Unité de recherche INRIA Rhône-Alpes, 655, avenue de l’Europe, 38330 MONTBONNOT ST MARTIN Unité de recherche INRIA Rocquencourt, Domaine de Voluceau, Rocquencourt, BP 105, 78153 LE CHESNAY Cedex

Unité de recherche INRIA Sophia-Antipolis, 2004 route des Lucioles, BP 93, 06902 SOPHIA-ANTIPOLIS Cedex

Éditeur

INRIA, Domaine de Voluceau, Rocquencourt, BP 105, 78153 LE CHESNAY Cedex (France)

D

ISSN 0249-6399

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