IlD 7elvo mv’,uw[5o]hv, lu[5ogInv’

Texte intégral

(1)c[[IPo. ;aoot7tfu -Ao,afmtpq,xumu @ IP[IP'3fp G. cs;ograf lul5]kf r6gmy’ ]qfv5m5,. d;fcdh3fp G. fiD vjvocdh; o;oot;q’ IlD 7elvo mv’,uw[5o]hv, lu[5ogInv’. vvdc[[ c]t g0Qk|hk3fp G s5,rao 0aomt;u 9aomtw] gdufs^hk. dt-;’lb d lkmy d ko lt4k[ao7Qo7;hk;ymtpklkfdkolbdlk @W!!.

(2) 7eoe xB,c[[IPo;aoot7tfu-Ao,afmtpq,lbdlkxumu @ oU wfhIa[dkoIP[IP’0Bo8k,sâdl6f.\j g-y’j dt-;’lbdlkmydkowfhIa[Iv’ c]t vto5pkfoe.-hD dko7Qo7;hk c]t IP[IP’xB,c[[IPo;aoot7tfu-Ao,afmtpq,lbdlkgsÂ,oUF 7tot IP[IP’wfhvu’.ljgvdtlkoma’rkp.o c]t 8jk’xtgmf 3fpwfhI[a dkoIj;,,n9kdoad;y-kdko s^kprkdlj;og-aoj G 9kd,tsk;ymtpkw]csj’-kfF rtcodlbdlkmydkoot7vos^;’;P’9aoF dq,dv’8jk’Mmulj ’a dafdt-;’lbdlkmydkoD dj v o|h k oU F xB , c[[IPorklk]k;;a o ot7tfu 1 6 j - A o ,a f mtpq , lb d lk8vo8Q o wfh9afry,w;h.ogsÂ,fP;dao-n;j kj c[[IPorklk]k; c]t ;aoot7tfuF c8jdkorafmtokxa[x5’ .\j.ogmnvj oU wfhcpdc[[IPo c]t 7j6,n76 ma’ @ ;y-kgxaogsÂ,.z,ao grnvj 7;k,ltf;d.odko oe.-hF lt|v’7;k,I6mh k’fhkomyfltfudPj ;da[;aoot7tfuroN g,nv’]k;xtgrf 7eIhvpcdh; c]t Ihvpdv’rhv,ma’;aoot7tfu8kj ’xtgmfmusj ^kds^kpD 37’lhk’c[[IPo;aoot7tfu-Ao,afmtpq,lbdlkxumu @ oU xtdv[fh;p @ rkd7nG rkdmu ! ;aoot7tfurNog,nv’]k;xtgrf7eIhvpcdh; c]t Ihvpdv’D rkdmu @ c,joIPo;aoot7tfu8kj ’ xtgmfD s^’a 9kdmuwj fhIPo8k,s^da l6f c]t goNv.omu[j oa 95.oc[[IPo;aoot7tfu-oA ,afmtpq,lbdlk xumu @ oU c]h;oadIPo9twfhIa[7;k,I6hdPj ;da[;aoot7tfurNog,nv’]k; xtgrf7eIhvpcdh; c]t Ihvpdv’xtgrf8jk’M vao];,wxg4y’;aoot7tfu0v’8jk’xtgmfmudj eoqf.lj.oxB,c[[IPooUD ;aoot7tfurNog,nv’]k;xtgrf7eIhvpcdh; c]t Ihvpdv’oUoadIPo9twfhIPodjP; da[;aoot7tfurNog,nv’]k;xtgrfgm[oypkpF rNoln[F 7e3ldF 7e3v, c]t 7eztspkgxao8QoD lj;o;aoot7tfu8jk’xtgmfoadIPo9twfhIPodjP;da[;aoot7tfurNog,nv’0v’xtgmf s;Pfok,F xtgmf9uo c]t xtgmfgdiad[6IkoD 7totIP[IP’xB,c[[IPo;aoot7tfu 0v’lt4k[ao7Qo7;hk;ymtpklkfdkolbdlk s;a’1jk’py’j ;jk goNv.omuxj a[x5’ c]t IP[IP’w;h.oc[[IPo;aoot7tfugsÂ,oU 7q’9t.sh7;k, dt9jk’c9h’cdjzIh6 Po gxaolj;os^kpF c8j4kh skd;jkpa’,u[vj o.f[+4dn 8hv’-afg9o 1kdxtdv[lj;o .odkocdhw0 0=.shmjkoz6h-q,.-hdt]5oklqj’0=h7yfgsao c]t 7e8y-q,wxpa’lt4k[ao7Qo7;hk ;ymtpklkfdkolbdlkF 4t|qo,t3slqfF ot7vos^;’;P’9aoF 86h xDo *(F 3m]tla[}c2ad W@! @!#!*!D lt4k[ao7Qo7;hk;ymtpklkfdkolbdlk.

(3) lk]t[ko |hk. rkdmu. II.. gm[oypkp rNoln[ 7e3ld 7e3v, 7eztspk. ;aoot7tfu8jk’xtgmf. [qfmu * ;aoot7tfus;Pfok, [qfmu ( ;aoot7tfu 9uo [qfmu ) ;aoot7tfugdiad[6Iko. !WW !W! !@! !#(. ສດິ. [qfmu ! [qfmu @ [qfmu # [qfmu $ [qfmu &. ! # !) $& *# (*. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. 7eoe gxufsq;g]njv’ rkdmu I. ;aoot7tfurNog,nv’xtgrf7eIhvpcdh; c]t Ihvpdv’.

(4) gxufsq;g]njv’. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. ;aoot7tfuc,jo0tc|’;y-k|bj’muj.-hrklk7eg;Qkrao]tok7;k,gxao,k0v’-u;yf la’7q,d=7nxkdqfdko0v’me,t-kfD ltoAo ;aoot7tfu 9bj’gxao[jvog8Qk3I,xts;aflkfF ;afmtotme c]t Iuf7v’xtgrou0v’-kf.oltw\8jk’Mgvqqkw;h.sh7qoIj5osâ’wfhIej IPoD ;aoot7tfugxao;y-k7;k,I6hvao|b’j mulj k,kflbdlkvq[Iq,co;7yfF 75olq,[af c]t 7;k, l;p’k,.shcdj7oq gIqkD xtgmf]k;ovd9kdgxaoxtgmfmu,j 7u ;k,v5f,q lq,[6ofhko-a[rtpkdvo me,t-kfc]h; pa’gxaoxtgmf|b’j mu,j xu t-k-qo1jI6 ;j ,daos^kpgzqkj -qoF ;afmtotme0v’gzqkj 8jk’M wfh,kg8Qk3I,daog0Qkdkpgxao;afmtotmemujv5fq,Iaj’,u0v’ma’\qf-kf]k;D ltoAoF 9bj’g;Qk wfh;kj xt-k-qo]k;[aofkgzqkj [+rP’c8jlhk’zqo’kovaofugfaoj c]t ;y]tdevao]n-n.j odkod+8A’ xtgmf-kfF .odko8+l6hxqdxadIadlkxy8yr6,vaocloIad0v’8qogmqqjkoAoF c8jskdpa’g7uprhv, rP’daoxtfyflhk’;afmtotmecsj’-kfvao3ffgfaoj c]t v5f,q Ia’j ,u,kc8j[I6 kootdko vudfh;pD xt-k-qo]k;,u,o6 g-Nv;afmtotmevaofu’k,gxao0v’8qogv’D phvog0qkg9Qkgxaoz6mh ,ju 7u ;k, f5\aoj rkdrPoF ,u7;k,lts^kf c]t ,uluw,h]kp,nvaoxkouf.odkolhk’lk[hkog,nv’F ;af;k vkIk,mulj ;p’k, g-aoj G rtmkfs^;’F s=rtcdh;F ;af-P’mv’F mkfvu’Ia’F ;afr69exkladDDD 7qo]k;c8jg|nv8ts^vf.8h gxao7qo,ad,j;o-noj F ,ad0a[]e 9qogxao8eokog]qkj ]ndao;jk lP’c7oF lP’0a[]efa’0Bo1j[6 vj o.f[jvooAoc,jo7qo]k;D ovdoAo -k;]k;pa’,ul]u txtdevaogxaogvdt]ad 0v’8qogv’ g-ajoG ]kp]k;F g7njv’xAofyogzqkF g7njv’xtfa[g’yo c]t 7eDDD g7njv’mv’F g7njv’fqo8u,t3s]uZ]ZD [+rP’c8jgmqjkoAoxt-k-qo]k;pa’,uleoP’lP’g;QkF 8q;vadlvo 8ts^vfIvfdkoxtfyfc8j’dk[F dvoF 37’F lkoF oymkorNog,nv’mu,j u7o5 7jk9qodkp,kgxao,6o ,a’,=]tfqd;afmtotme0v’-kf]k;gIqk9qog4y’m5d;aooUD ;aoot7tfu0v’]k;gIqk ,u0Bo8A’c8jdvj o[+moa ,u8;q \a’lnF 7qo]k;rkdaoc8j’oymkoF dk[ dvofh;pxkdgxqkj c]t 9n9j egvqkwxg]qkj 8+M daowxD g,nvj ,u7;k,9egxaomu8j hv’9qfdjkp[qfoymko s^n dk[dvofugfajow;hF faj’oAo 9bj’9egxaomuj9t8hv’,u8q;|a’lngrnjv[aombdgsfdko[hkog,nv’ d=7n[qfg]njv’;aoot7tfu8jk’MD s^kpMxtgmf.o3]dd=,u;aoot7tfurNog,nv’gxao0v’8qogv’F ;aoot7tfurNog,nv’ c,joI6[dkoxtfyfc8j’fh;pxkdgxqkj 0v’7qoD dkodegouf0v’;aoot7tfu rNog,nv’ c,jog]u,j 9kd,uzch6 8j’0Bo c]h;g]qkj l6j z6vh onj 2a’ c]t z6mh wuj fh2’a c]h;d=oegvqkwxg]qkj 8+M xkddaowx9kdltw\|b’j wxIvfltw\|b’j c]h;8+daowxg]NvpMF z6hmuoj egvqkwxgzupczj8+d=,udko fafcx’ s^n c8j’8nj,.lj.sh,aofud;jkgdqjkD ltoAoF 9bj’g;Qkwfh;jk;aoot7tfurNog,nv’c,jo\kd zqocsj’sq;7yfxtfyflhk’0v’xt-k-qo-k;z6vh vdcI’’koD.

(5) ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. ;aoot7tfurNog,nv’degouf,k9kddkola’gdf0v’7qo8+xkdqfdkome,t-kf c]t la’7q,S phvoco;oAo 9b’j ,ugoNv.omugj ;Qkg4y’7;k,l;p’k, c]t Ia’j ,u0v’xtgmf-kfF [qfIPo .odkogru,j r6ozt]yfzqoF [qfIPo.odko8+l6hda[wrme,t-kfd=7ndko8+l6hda[7;k,[+ltg\urk[ .ola’7q,mujltcf’vvd.o;aoot7tfurNog,nv’vaowfhcdjdkoxtfyfc8j’[qfg]njv’F dk[F dvoF 37’8jk’M mu,j u9a’s;tF meov’vaovvo-voF gIaf.sh,aodkpgxaoly’j mu,j ;j o-noj oypq,-q,-v[ c]t xqdxadIadlk8ts^vf,kD ;aoot7tfurNog,nv’gxaoly]txt;afmtotmevao,u7kj xtgrf|b’j 0v’-kf g-y’j [aort[5]5f ltw|djvowfhlkh ’w;h.shr;dgIqkD .ook,mugj xao7qoI5oj s^’a 7;ogxaoz6lh n[mvf,6o,=]tfqdvao]E7jk oAow;h.sh7qoIj5o8+M wxD ;aoot7tfurNog,nv’]k;,us^kpxtgrf7nG xtgrf7eIhvpcdh;wfhcdj gm[oypkpF rNoln[F oymkovaflt9aoF oymko-;osq; c]t oymkolafD ;aoot7tfuroN g,nv’xtgrf7eIhvpdv’ s^n gvUo;jk dk[dvorNog,nv’wfhcdjG 7e3v,F 7e3ldF 7em;kpF 7el5rklyfF 7eztspkF 0a[F ]e c]t g-U’D ovd9kdoUp’a ,uxtgrf]t7vorNog,nv’F g-y’j c,jodkoltcf’]t7vo oAo1j[6 oq g;muooA gv’D c8j.ooU 9t0=ltg|uc8j;aoot7tfurNog,nv’[k’xtgrf g-y’j gxaorNo4ko0v’,aogmqkj oAoD ovd9kdoU.oxB,gsÂ,oUpa’wfhltg\u;aoot7tfu0v’s;Pfok,F 9uo c]t gdiad[6Iko grnvj gxao rNo4ko c]t gxao[jvovu’.shcdjdko7Qo7;hkF IjeIPo;aoot7tfu8kj ’xtgmf.o0Ao8+wxD.

(6) rkdmu I ;aoot7tfurNog,nv’xtgrf7eIhvpcdh;. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. ;aoot7tfurNog,nv’xtgrf7eIhvpcdh;0v’]k;gIqk c,jog]nvj ’g]qkj rNog,nv’8jk’Mmuxj t -k-qozhv6 vdcI’’koxtfyfc8j’ c]t g]qkj xkd8+xkdln[8+doa ,k c8j[I6 kootdko9qog4y’m5d;aooUD [qfg]njv’lj;os^kpwfhg]qjks^nrao]tokgsfdko c]t dkog7njvows;8jk’M0v’8q;]t7voF 3fp[+g7uprao]tokg0Qkg]ydmk’co;7yf9yf.90v’8q;]t7voF c8jd=,u1j6[k’[AoF [k’8vo .o[k’[qfg]nvj ’mucj o;7yf9yf.90v’8q;]t7vowfhltcf’vvd1jk’9tc9h’ c]t g]ydg-y’j lq,7;oD .odkoxtfyfc8j’;aoot7tfuroN g,nv’xtgrf7eIhvpcdh;oUgryoj g7up\6o.-h;my lu ’a g0[ c]t g;Qk3pdD [qf;aoot7tfuroN g,nv’.fd=];h oc8jgduf9kdgsfdkomu,j 9u ’y .odkofe]q’-u;fy 0v’7qogIqkD g]nvj ’g]qkj rNog,nv’wfhlvj ’cl’-u;fy 8q;9y’0v’7qogIqkfh;pI6[dkoly]txt;aoot7tfum,ju ;j o c]t vvo-voD [qfg]nvj ’rNog,nv’c8j]t[qfc,jodkola’g0[F g]nvdg2Ao c]t g;Qk3pd[aofkgsfdko 8j’M0v’-u;yf0Bo,kgxao[qf;aoot7tfuvao,udqd,uxkp1jk’7adcoj c]t ,u-u;yf-u;kvudfh;pD dkoxtdv[lhk’37’Ijk’[qfg]njv’,u]adltotdtmafIaf’jkpfkpF -njgrnjvltf;d.odkoczj0t spkpfh;p;ymgu ]qkj xkd8+xkdF leo;o7eg;Qk[+7’q muFj ,udkogldlaoxAoc8j’ c]t g;Qk3pdD ltoAo [qfg]nvj ’|b’j [qoglAomk’czj0tspkp 9b’j ,ad,udkosaoxjPo,kgxaos^kp[qf c]t s^kplt[a[8jk’dao 1jm6 vh ’4yoj 8jk’MD ;aoot7tfurNog,nv’xtgrf7eIhvpcdh;0v’]k;gIqkv5f,q Ia’j ,u.ofhkoF xtgrfxtfyfc8j’ c]t goNv.oljv’cl’7nG gm[oypkpF rNoln[F oymkovaflt9aoF oymko-;osq; c]t oymkolafF c8j]txtgrfg]njv’gsq^jkoU[+c,jogduf0Bo.op5dltw\ c]t ]t[v[la’7q,fP;daoD gm[oypkp gduf0Bodjvo\j61.6j o]t[v[la’7q,xt4q,[6Ikog-y’j lt8y0v’7qogIqk[+maol6’F c8jd=,u7;k,9egxao 8hv’-vdIh6F vtmy[kpxkdqfdko8jk’M0v’me,t-kf c]t la’7q,D ltoAogoNv.o8Qo8=0v’gm[ oypkp9bj’ljv’cl’g4y’co;7yfF ;ymudkovtmy[kp3]drk;t;ywl0v’7qoltw\oAoS ljv’cl’ 0t[;odko8+lh68hkowrme,t-kffaflhk’me,t-kfF dkofe]q’-u;yf c]t 7;k,,5’j ,kfxk 4t|k0v’7qo[6IkoD 4af9kdgm[oypkpc,joxtgrfrNoln[g-yj’g]uj,gduf0Boc8jw]ptmhkp0v’]t[v[la’7q, xt4q,[6Iko8+.lj]t[v[la’7q,mu,j du kozaocpd-qo-AoD rNoln[0v’]k;gIqkgduf0Bog,nvj [aofkgzqkj g]u,j ,ult8ygxaog9Qk95,h g9Nvg-Nvlkp c]t -qogzqkj 0v’8qog-y’j 8yfraoda[rk]tdyfd+8’A [aofkg,nv’ [6Iko0v’]k;gIqkg-aoj G rNolu37f8t[v’F rNo9aomtrkoyfF rNo05o[6],q F rNo05og9nv’ c]t 8eoko 1.

(7) ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. g,nv’s^;’rt[k’F 8eokog,nv’;P’9aoF 8eokort[k’ c]t vnoj MD gsfdko c]t 8q;]t7vo .orNoln[g7up8yfraodaoda[gsfdko c]t [5d7qoxts;aflkfD goNv.o8Qo8=0v’rNoln[c,jo[aosk xts;aflkf c]t 8q;9y’0v’la’7q,D ltoAo rNoln[9bj’,u7;k,le7aole]a[dko7Qo7;hk xts;aflkf0v’-kfD rNoln[pa’7q’ln[8+0tspkp8q;,k9qog4y’m5d;aooUD. 2.

(8) [qfmu ! gm[oy p kp !D 7;k,\kp0v’gm[oypkp. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. gm[oypkp c,joI6[dkoxtfyfc8j’mevyf0v’,to5f F ,ugoNv.og;Qkg4y’rtvyortrq,F gm;t[5fF gm;tfk c]t zuF ,u]da ltotgs^nvg-nvj F gruo9yf c]t ,tsaflt9aoD [qfg]nvj ’c8j’0Bofh;p 9yfleobd grnvj vtmy[kpg4y’dqdg7Qk0v’7qoF laf c]t xkdqfdkomk’me,t-kfmulj jv’cl’ g4y’dko8+l8h6 kh owrme,t-kfF dkofe]q’-u;fy c]t 7;k,xk4t|k0v’-k;[6IkoD gm[oypkp c,jo\kdzqocsj’dkoxtfyflhk’;afmtotmemk’fhko9yf.90v’7qoD I6[dkoxtfyfc8j’8yfrao 1jk’lt|yfc|hoda[me,t-kfF dkog7nvj ows;8q;9y’F dkofe]q’-u;fy F g-nvj 4nIfu 7v’xtgrou c]t 7;k,,5’j ,kfxk4t|k0v’-k;[6IkoD ,ugm[oypkps^kpg]nvj ’mugj ]qkj djP;da[-u;fy c]t zqo’kovaofugfaoj 0v’[aort[5]f5 .o0t[;o dko8+lm6h wju fhI[a dkofafcx’c8j’8n,j 8k,7;k,g0Qk.90v’zhg6 ]qkj F grnvj gIaf.shg]nvj ’mu,j 9u ’y dkpgxao g]nvj ’mu,j u]adltotgs^nvg-nvj 8k,7;k,g-nvj 4n0v’xt-k-qo.oltw\oAoD g4y’;jk[qfg]nvj ’gs^qkj oAo 9tgs^nvg-nvj F gruo9yf c]t ,tsaflt9aod=8k,F c8jpa’gIaf.sh[aort[5]5fgs^qkj oAowfhIa[dkog-nvj 4nIadcr’ c]t phv’p=D g;Qk];,c]h;F gm[oypkp,u7;k,\kpvao.spjs^;’mk’fhkoxts;aflkfcsj’dko 0tspkp8q;0v’la’7q,,to5fD phvo;jkgm[oypkpc8j]tg]nvj ’wfhlvj ’cl’g4y’sq;7yfxtfyflhk’F oE.9vq’vkfdhksko0v’-k;[6Iko.odko8+l6h8hkowrme,t-kfF g0qkg9Qk,u7;k,xk4t|k 1kdgxaog9Qkpbf7v’me,t-kf c]t fafcx’me,t-kf,kIa[.-h-u;yf0v’8qogv’D. @D dkodegouf0v’gm[oypkp [+;kj xtgmf.fF -kf.f.o3]dd=]h;oc8j,ugm[oypkpF gm[oypkpgduf0Boc8jltw\[6Iko Xltw\la’7q,[+mao,u-qo-Ao?D .ooAo,aogduf0Bofh;plv’lkgsffa’j ]5,j oU G { gm[oypkp gduf9kddkovvdcI’’ko dko-vdI6hme,t-kfG zjkodkovvdcI’’ko mu8j +l6hda[me,t-kf grnvj pbf7v’me,t-kf c]t fafcx’me,t-kf,kIa[.-h-u;yfdkogxao1j6D -k;[6Ikowfhrq[F wfhgsaoF wfhla’gdf c]t vtmy[kpxkdqfdkome,t-kf8jk’MD c8jphvo7;k, Ia[I6hpa’8jeF g0qkg9Qk9b’j vtmy[kpzyfda[7;k,gxao9y’D xkdqfdkome,t-kflj;os^;’s^kppa’ gxaolyj’ok[0j6-u;yf0v’-k;[6Iko9qogIaf.shg0qkg9Qk1hkodq; g-ajoG 2hkIhv’F /qo8qdF oE4h;, 3.

(9) [hkogInvo s^n wIjokF gIaf.sh7qo c]t laf8kpD gsfdkoco;oAo -k;[6Iko[+,u7;k,lk,kf 8hkomkowfh g0qkg9Qk9b’j 4n;kj c,jozulk’gxaoz6hgIafF g]uprkdaog-nvj 4nF oq[F ws;h c]t 4n;kj ,u2hk c4o cc]t vyorq, gxaoz6hladlyfd;jkly’j vjno.fD { 1j.6 odkovvdcI’’ko c]t dko8+l0h6 v’-k;[6Ikowfh,u[d5 7qomufj ugfaoj F gda’j dhklk,kfF ,uzoq ’kos^kpF ,u7o5 ’k,7;k,fu.shcdj\;f\6Fj dj,5 dhvo0v’8qoF -k;[6Ikowfh phv’p=loa ]tgluo [5d7qogs^qjkoAoF [k’gmnjvd=pqdp=0BogmqjkmP,da[rtvyortrq,D g;Qk];,c]h;gm[oypkpdegouf ,k9kddkovvdcI’’ko0v’-k;[6Iko c]t dko8+l6hda[wrme,t-kfD. #D goNv.o0v’gm[oypkp. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. #D!D gm[oy p kpmu j v tmy [ kpg4y ’ dq d g7Q k 0v’3]dF dq d g7Q k 0v’7q o c]t vtmy [ kp xkdq f dkome,t-kf phvo7;k,Ia[I6h c]t 7;k,g-nvj 4n0v’-k;[6IkoF g0qkg9Qk9b’j wfhvtmyy[kpw;h;kj G 3]dF 7qo c]t ;af45ly’j 0v’8jk’M c,jogm;tfk c]t rtvyortrq,gxaoz6hlhk’0BoD 8q;1jk’G g]njv’<\kdoEg8Qkx5’<F <x6jgpu<DDD dkovtmy[kp0v’-k;[6Iko g4y’;jk 9t[+,9u ’y c8jg0qkd=v’u .ljdkola’gdfg[y’j xkdqfdko0v’me,t-kf,kvtmy[kp[qorNo4ko7;k, Ia[I6h c]t 7;k,g0Qk.90v’g0qkg9QkD #D@D gm[oy p kpmu jlj v ’cl’g4y ’ dko8+ l 6 h 8 h k oda [ wrme,t-kf0v’-k;[6 I ko le]a[-k;[6Ikoc]h;me,t-kfc,jogxaogrnvj o,yfF gxao[jvogry’j rkvkwlF ma’gxaolaf86 muIj hkpdkf c]t vao8t]kpmulj 5f0v’g0qkg9QkD wrme,t-kfmuoj k[06-j u;yf0v’-k;[6Iko vkf9tc,jo8kg;aoF 2hkIhv’F 2hkzjkF /qo8qdF oEov’ s^n vkf9tc,jolafIhkp g-ajoG ’6.spjF glnvF ly’F -hk’D gs^qjkoUgxao8QoD -k;[6Iko 8+l6hda[wrme,t-kf grnjvpbf7v’me,t-kf c]t fafcx’me,t-kf.sh,kIa[.-h-u;yfdko gxao1j60v’g0qkg9Qk g-aoj G x6gj pu 0kovklkwx8afg7nvg0qkdkfmu[j a’cl’8kg;aoF vhkp8bd7bd,hk’r6 grnvj lhk’mq’j ok c]t g\nv’/kpF ]h;oc8jc,joI6[rk[dkovvdcI’’ko c]t dko8+ldh6 [a me,t -kfgrnvj 7;k,1jf6 udyofu0v’-k;[6IkoD. 4.

(10) #D#D gm[oypkpmujljv’cl’dkofe]q’-u;yf c]t 7;k,s;a’0v’-k;[6Iko goNv.o0v’gm[oypkp9eo;o|bj’wfhvtmy[kpdqdg7Qk0v’Iuf7v’xtgrouF vtmy[kp ;ymume,kskdyo c]t dkorq;raolk,ad7uIadcr’g-y’j dao c]t dao0v’-k;[6IkoD dkofe]q’-u;yf0v’-k;[6Iko g4y’9tm5dpkd]e[kdF 7;k,I6h8ej D c8j-j k;[6Iko d=,7u ;k,s;a’vaocI’dhkoAo7nG gIaf;Pd|hvpc8jzoq gda[djP;wfhsk^ pD ,kIvfxaf95[oa phvo;ymtpk lkfF ;ymtpkdkooa[,N0tspkp8q;wfhgIaf.sh7;k,s;a’F 7;k,./j/oa fa’j djk; xkdqfzqogxao9y’D. $D 75o7jk0v’gm[oypkp. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. { gm[oypkp [+ltgrktc8jgxao;ymuvtmy[kpdjP;da[dqdg7Qk0v’3]dF 7qo c]t xkdqfdko me,t-kfgmqkj oAoF c8jgm[oypkppa’,u[qf[kf 75o7jkle7ao.o;Pd’ko;afmtotmemk’fhko 9yf.9D -k;[6Ikowfh/kd/a’co;7yf9yf.9ma’\qf0v’8qow;h.ogm[oypkpF g-y’j g0qkg9Qk4n;kj gxao g]nvj ’mulj adlyf c]t l6’lq’j D { gm[oypkp pa’1no1ao c]t lao]tgluozqo0v’dkoxtfyflhk’;afmtotme c]t xa[x5’ lkpleraomk’la’7q,S gru,j 7;k,Ih6F [qfIPo.ofhkome,t-kfF x5d]tfq,oE.9g-nvj \Ao.odko 8+lh6gvqk -totwrme,t-kfS rhv,daooAopa’xtdv[lj;od+lhk’F mto54t|v,,6og-Nv8jk’M fhko ;afmtotmeF 75olq,[af c]t 9yflts’;o7;k,’k,.o\j6xt-k-qo[aofkgzqkj vudfh;pD dko7Qo7;hkgm[oypkpwfhdkpgxao0tc|’;ymtpklkfvao|bj’mujxtdv[lj;oIa[.-h dko7Qo7;hk-vdIh6xts;af7;k,gxao,k0v’la’7q,,to5fF 3fpltgrktc,jola’7q,ltst -u[xt4q,[6IkoD ltoAoF zjko,k9b’j ,uoda 7Qo7;hk9eo;o|b’j sq^’4ngvqkgm[oypkpgxaoxts;aflkf ltw\fbdfe[ao0v’-kf8qoD gm[oypkp0v’]k;gIqk[+ltgrktc8jgxaaogvdtlkovao]E7jk mujxtdv[g0Qk.odko -vdIhd6 Pj ;da[dkofe]q’-u;fy F dko8+l6h c]t 7;k,,5’j ,kfxk4t|kvaocI’dhk0v’ [aort[5]f5 gIqkltw\djvogmqkj oAoF skdpa’wfhxtdv[lj;olhk’co;7yfg-nvj \Ao8+vtok7qfvaolts;jk’ltws; 0v’-kfgIqkvudfh;pD. &D ly]txt0v’gm[oypkp ly]txt0v’gm[oypkp vkf9t4ngxao,kf4ko c]t c[[czo g-yj’7qogIqk[+lk,kf gIafoewfhF oAoc,joly]txtdkoltcf’;af45l’jy 0v’F laflk;kly’j F co;7yf9yf.9vvdfh;pI6[rk[F I6[xtmemujlts’jk]klu c]t ,tsaflt9aooAoc,joly]txtmuj.-h9yfleobdvaov5fq,lq,[6o0v’ -k;[6IkoS ma’c,jooE.9g-nvj \Ao c]t 7;k,xk4t|k0v’g0qkg9QkD rhv,oAoI6[rk[mugj xao 5.

(11) I6[xtmevaolts’jk]klu c]t ,tsaflt9aooUwfhxtfa[.shgm[oypkp,u;yopkoF ,u-u;yf-u;k c]t dkpgxaoxafw9csj’dkodegouf0v’gm[oypkpD. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. mjko ,kd-y,dvddu g;Qk;jkG < [+;kj gm[oypkp.f d=.-h9yfleobd c]t 1n,9yfleobd grnvj pbf7v’me,t-kfF c[j’cpd me,t-kfF gIaf.shme,t-kfda[dkpgxaoI6[xtraoDDD< D { ly]txt0v’gm[oypkpl;p’k,F lts’jk]klu c8j[+,ug98tokD \kp7;k,;jk ,aogduf0Bo8k,7;k,7yf8q;9y’ 0v’-k;[6IkoD fa’j oAo mjkodkd,kd 9b’j g;Qk;jkG < gm[oypkp c,joly]txtmu[j +8onj 8q;<D g;Qk];,c]h; gm[oypkpg4y’;jk9tgxaog]njv’mujgduf0Bog-yj’7qogIqk,u7;k,Ia[I6h8+3]dF 8+xkdqfdko0v’me,t-kfpa’8je c]t zyfrkfs^kpd=8k,F c8jfh;pI6[rk[vao|hk’bf’=hF cxdxts^kfmujz6hc8j’gm[oypkplhk’0BooAowfhrk.sh7qoI5josâ’,u7;k,leobddjP;da[xts;af 7;k,gxao,k0v’la’7q,,to5fF 7;k,Ia[I6h c]t 7;k,,j’5 s;a’0v’-k;[6Ikomu1j kdvtmy[kp 3]dd=7n1kdfafcx’me,t-kf,kIa[.-hdkofe]q’-u;yf0v’g0qkg9QkD. 6.

(12) gm[oy p kp<\kdoEg8Q k x5 ’ <. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. -k;[6Ikog7up4ndao;jk 7qo]k;gIqkgduf,k9kd <\kdoEg8Qkx5’< 8k,oymkogdqkj g]qkj ]n dao,k;jkG c8jdUc8jdvj o 3]dmugj Iqk1jo6 U pa’gxaofyogxaosphk1j6 c]t ,u2kh ,uc4oF g-nvj dao;jk c4o1j6 g[Nv’[qoF 7qo1j6g[Nv’]5j,D c8j]ts;jk’7qoda[c4olk,kfmP;wx,kskdaowfhD 3fpvkwlg7nv g0qkdkfrkfc8jg,nv’]5,j 0Bog,nvIvfg,nv’c4oD 1jg6 ,nv’c4orho5 ,urtpkc4os^;’gxaog9Qk.spjF ,uveokfg|nv7qo c]t c4oma’s^kpD 7qomu1j 6jg,nv’]j5,d=8hv’0Boda[c4o c]t c,joc4ogxao z6xh dq 7v’F ma’gxaoz6oh erkme,kskdyoD xk’oAo rtpkc4owfhlq’j 05o.spj lk,05o ]q’,klhk’g,nv’]5,j 7nG z6hmu| j bj’-n;j kj x6]j k’ g-u’F z6hmulv’-n;j kj 05ogfaf c]t vudz6h|b’j -n;j kj 05o7koD rtpkc4os^;’wfhla’j .sh7qoma’s^kp djvo9tdyog0Qk8hv’[vdc4o s^n gvUoc4o]q’,kdyooeF vao.fc-[Md=c[j’lj;o.shc4oD 8+,k7qoma’s^kpd=],n 7ela’j 0v’c4oF dyog0Qkd=[g+ vUoc4odyooes^,n 0u v’dyoc-[M d=[l+ ’jq .shc4oD. 7.

(13) ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. g,nvj oAortpkc4o9b’j fqo[aofko.shoE4h;,g,nv’]5,j 9qogIaf.sh7oq 8kpwx\qfF pa’gs^nv c8j0o5 ma’ lk,murj tpkc4os^;’lq’j ]q’,koAoF g0qkg9Qkwfhgvqkw,hgrnvj c8j’gxaocrr=m9ju tvkwl1jD6 g,nvj oAo,u],q raf,k 9b’j gIaf.shcr0v’g0qkg9Qk]jv’]vp0Bog,nvIvfg,nv’c4oD g,nvj rtpkc4o gsao05oma’lk, 9b’j 4k,;jkG l6g9Qk0Bo,ksk86gIafla’L l6g9Qkg]qkj [+2’a 7;k,86F l69da gxaolao.f d=1kj l6c]D g,nvj oAo 05oma’lk, 9bj’g]qjkgsfdko.og,nv’]5j,.shrtpkc4o2a’m5dxtdkoD sâ’9kdoAortpkc4o 9bj’laj’.sh05oma’lk,wxrad1j6mujfvodk’[b’csj’|bj’.og,nv’c4og-yj’-nj;jkG <fvo[b’c4o]=< gxaodko-q;j 7k;D g,nvj oE[qdcsh’]q’c]h;05oma’lk,d=7yfIvfg,nv’]5,j 9b’j rkdaog0Qkskrtpkc4o c]t g;Qk;jk G <860hvpoU 1j6g,nv’[qo[+cd;joF c]jog,nv’2hk[+gxaoF 860hvp0=g,nv1j6lhk’g,nv’]5,j dyoxkF gIafokg,nv’]5j,dyog0Qkfaj’gdqjkgs^qjklv’mugmUo<D r=wfh2a’ faj’oAo rtpkc4od=gsaofuoe c]t c8j’.sh05oma’lk,]q’,klhk’g,nv’]5j,vudD 7k;oUrtpkc4owfh,v[7;kp86h.sh38|bj’ grnjv .-h.odkogIafokD rkpsâ’mujwfhIa[7elaj’9kdrtpkc4oc]h;05oma’lk, d=rkdaovvd9kd fvoc4o]=]q’,kg,nv’]5,j D g,nvj ]q’,kIvfc]h;d=rkdao4k’xjksphkgrnvj gIafok.ljfyocsj’oAo muj8A’1j6]j5,g,nv’c4ooAoF 3fpvkwl7;kp8h6mujrtpkc4o,v[.shD g0qkg9Qkwfhrkdaow4F -jk;.shgxaookD fyocfocsj’oAo 9b’j ,u-n;j kj <okohvpvhvp|6< ln[,kD okoxt,kolk,xu7;kp8h638oAog]up8kpF g0qkg9Qkwfhxt-kd7;kpoAow;hmujok ohvpvhvp|6D 8+,kwfh,ug7nv\kdoEg8Qkxq’j vvd9kdI6fa’7;kp c]h;gdufgxao\kd.spj|;j p|b’j m+d[a Iuog0QkIPd;jkG <\kdoEg8Qkx5’< 1jr6 kp.o\kdoEg8QkoAo ,ulP’7qog;Qk9kF Ihv’3Ifa’dhv’ gxaovbddtmbdobdov’D 05oma’lk, gsaofa’j oAo d=xts^kf c]t lqo.9gxao1jk’py’j F mao.foAox6]j k’ g-u’9b’j fa’w20Bogzqkgsâd-u9qocf’ c]h;-u\kdoEg8Qkx5’|j;pxts^kfoAomaomuF r=-uIvfc]h; d=,u7qo[5[Pfdaovvd,kF c8j;kj vvd,kwfhgmnvj g]adgmnvj |hvpF vvd,kfh;p7;k,]e[kd c]t -hkokogonvj ’9kdI6-ou oA ohvp3rfD g,nvj gsaofa’j oAo 05o7ko9b’j gvqklu;j wxg9kt8n,j cx’I6ooA .sh.spj d;jkgdqkj F gmnvj oU7qoma’s^kp9b’j vvd,k1jk’lt[kpF s^5sâ’j ma’j gmdaovvd,k ma’py’ c]t -kpF rhv,lq,[afg0Qk0v’g’yomv’F ’q;F 7;kpF -hk’F ,hkF \6F \kF gxafF wdjgxaovao,kdS s^5s’âj daovvd ,klk,,Nlk,7no9b’j \qfD g,nvj vvd,k\qfc]h;05oc4oma’lk,9b’j 9afc[j’7qogs^kjq oAovvdgxao\6Mj c]h;IPd-n8j kj ’daogrnvj [+.shl[a lqoD 7qomuvj vd9kdI6-uoAo c,jo <]k;gmy’<F c[j’vvdgxaolv’\j6F \6| j b’j IPd;jk <wm]q,<F \6| j b’j IPd;jk <wm;u <D lj;oz6hmujvvd8k,I6luj;oAogxao <]k;]5j,<F c[j’gxaolk,\6jF \6j|bj’gvUo;jk <wmg]y’< \j6|b’j IPd;jk <wm]=< \6| j b’j IPd;jk <wm7;jk’< c]t z6hvvdl5fmhkpc,jo <]k;l6’<D 8.

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(19) ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. 8+,kF -k;[hko-k;g,nv’wfhoegvqkg]nvj ’g0Qkmugj duf1j.6 oxjksy,trkowxg]qkj ljr6 tpkg,nv’ ,to5f2a’D rtpkg,nv’,to5fwfhpoy c]h;d=7fy 1kdwfh,kx6d16j rNo3]dgrnvj ]hP’,to5f3]dF c8j[I+ ;6h kj gIafco;.f9b’j 9twxIvfxjksy,trkowfhD rtpkg,nv’,to5f7yf.o.9;jk,u8’A c8jr;doqdgmqkj oAomuj 9t,u7;k,lk,kf[yowxg4y’xjksy,trkowfhD 9kdoAoF gryoj 9b’j gvqkoqdcdh;,k]hP’9qolk,kf xkdwfh c]h;9b’j [vd.shoqdcdh;[yowxg[y’j xjksy,trko grnvj ln[g[y’j ;jk,ug0Qkfa’j 7;k,-jk7;k, ]n0v’r;d,to5foUcmhsn^[+D oqdcdh;wfh[oy wxskxjksy,trkos^kpxu c]h;9b’j [yoda[,kg4y’rtpkg,nv’,to5fF oqdcdh;wfh g]qkj ljr6 tpk2a’;jkG 1jx6 kj sy,trkowfh,gu 0Qkgduf1jg6 8a,xjk sy,trkocmhS c8j;kj 1jm6 oju oA rtpkvyowfhl’ja .sh7qo,kpk,1jk’g7aj’7af[+vto5pkf.sh.zgvqkco;g0Qkwxx6d1j6[jvovnjoD rtpkwfhpyoco;oAo 9b’j gduf,u7;k,1kdwfhcI’S gryoj 9b’j gvUogvqkg9Qkokp0v’oqd,kxt-5,dao c]t cotoe.shg9Qkokp 0v’oqdwxxtdkf.shodq ma’s^kpIh;6 kj <rtpk8hv’dkoco;g0Qkx6d1jx6 kj sy,trkoD 4hkoqdxtgrf.f skdlk,kf[yowx]adgvqkco;g0Qkx6d1jx6 kj sy,trko,kwfhF m5dxugrnvj -k;[hko-k;g,nv’x6dg0Qkwfh c]h;9txao.shdyo<D 9kdoAoF 9er;doqdokM-toyfd=zafxjPodao[yowx]adgvqkco;g0Qkx6d0v’rtvyo1j6xjk sy,trkoS c8joqdxtgrf.fwxd=[+lk,kf]adgvqkco;g0Qkvvd,kwfhgrkt;jkpk,vvd9kdxjk sy,trko9t,u7oq 0v’rtvyopk,1jk’g7a’j 7afF zh.6 fvvd,kd=4dn d;fdk1jk’]tvPfD 9er;doqd]ad gvqkg0Qkvvd,kd=4ndd;f c]t gda[,hPoma’\qfD l5fmhkpF /6’oqdxtgrf|b’j -b’j ,u-n;j kj <oqdxuf< wfh[oy wxsôY 1jx6 kj sy,trko c]h;d=]da gvqkco;g0Qkx6dfh;p;ymdu on co;g0Qkx6dwxg-nvj ’w;h 1j.6 o|P’ c]h;d=gvqk|P’0v’8qowxg-njv’w;h1j6’jvofQoD g,njvg;]kvvd,kzh6pk,xjksy,trkod=d;fdk 1jk’g0A,’;fd;f0aoc8j[+r[q /6’oqdxuf 9b’j lk,kfgvqkco;g0Qkx6dvvd,k9kdxjksy,trkowfh c]h;d=,v[.shcdjrtpkg,nv’,to5fD rtpkg,nv’,to5fwfhco;g0Qkx6dc]h;d=fu.9l5f0t|kfF gryjowfhgvqkco;g0Qkx6dwx1kp .sh,to5f.o3]dx6dg0Qkln[8+MdaoD 8+9kdoAo,kF .orNo3]doUd=,ug0Qkg8a,mqj;\qfD rhv,oAoF rtpkg,nv’,to5fpa’cotoe.shoqdxuf;jk <g;]k-k;[hko-k;g,nv’x6dg0Qkgdufgxaog0Qk l5dgs^vn ’g8a,mq’j wIjm’jq okc]h; .shodq xuf r;dg9Qkg0Qk wxpkf1jp6 kfdyog0Qkoe-k;[hko-k;g,nv’<D 9qo,kIvfxaf95[oa F g;]kg0Qkl5dgs^vn ’F /6’oqdxuf d=9trkdao[yog]ktpkfdaodyog0Qk c]t c,’w,h 8jk’M8k,mq’j okD ,N|bj’F rtpkvyoljv’lkp8kmy[zjko3’jog,d,kg[yj’rNo3]dgsaog0Qkl5dg8a,mqj’wIjmqj’ ok9bj’7yf1kdIhkp c]t 7yflq’wl0Bo,k;jk c,jo.zgxaozh6,k]adgvqkco;g0Qkx6d9kdcfo sy,trkowxx6d1j6g,nv’,to5fD 14.

(20) rtvyowfhln[l;owx,k9b’j Ih6;kj c,jo/6’oqdxufgxaozh6gvqk,kD rtvyowfhIhv’oqdxuf0Bowxsk c]h;4k,;jkG <r;dg9QkgIafco;.f9bj’]adco;g0Qkx6d9kdxjksy,trkovvdwxwfhL< oqdxuf 8v[;jk <r;d0hkohvpdyo.lj|P’ c]h;xUo |P’wxw;hmk’’jvo9b’j gIaf.shzp6h k,xt86xkj sy,trko d;f[+rq[<D g,nvj wfhpyoco;oAoF rtvyod=]q’3mfoqdxuf;jk <9er;doqdxufma’\qf8hv’gvqk|P’ w;hmk’’jvo8ts^vf[+.shgvqk]q’,kmk’|hk7noqdr;dvnjoM c]t m5dMxug,njvg0Qk0v’,to5f .o3]dl5dgsn^v’c]h; .shr;dg9Qkrkdaowx8vfdyo grnjv.shco;g0Qk1j63]d,to5f\qf<D ltoAoF Ivfxaf95[aooU|P’0v’oqdxufd=16jmk’’jvo c]t Ivfpk,g0Qkl5dgsn^v’c8j]txuoqdxufd=rkdao ]q’,kla[8vf dyog0Qk.owIjok9qogmqkj m5d;aooUD. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. gda[de3fpG [5o8u. 15.

(21) \kgdQ k sk’. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. c8jdUc8jdvj or5oh F 1j36 ]doU,urP’c8j,to5fF \6 c]t \kgmjkq oAoD \kgxu’oAoc,jo,u _ sk’F ma’,to5fF \6 c]t \k]h;oc8jdyog0Qkc8j[+Ih6gIafok vkwldyog0Qkoec8jrtpkc4oD m5dMxuF rtpkc4o9tlq’j g0Qkoe]q,sq;d5f]q’,k.sh,to5fD g,afg0Qkgxu’oAo.spjgmqkj da[|j;p\kdvb\kd 2adD g,nvj Ivf0;[xu,kF ,to5f8hv’gIafg]Qkgvqkw;h]4= kh .ljg0Qk9kdrtpkc4oma’[+I;6h kj rtpkc4o 9tlq’j .sh,.N f c]t ,k.sh7v[7q;.fF Ihc6 8j;kj F 4hk,u],q sq;d5frafd;afcd;j’gvqkg0Qkmuxj ;u lt]5225 ’Q wx8k,]q,oAo.shgxao0v’c8j]t7v[7q;oAo4ngxaodkoc[j’xao0v’rtpkc4oD ,N|’jb F ]q,sq;d5fwfhgvqkg0Qk]q’,klq’j .sh7v[7q;|b’j D 7v[7q;oAogxao7v[7q;mu[j 7+ vj p4nd8hv’ xv’fv’daoD zq;g,p,uc8jzyf4P’daoF 4P’daowx4P’dao,kzq;d=g]upxtg,pma’[vdg,p;jk [+,adg,pxkdgxao Xxkd[+,;j o? 9b’j gIaf.shvuoj kpg,poAodkpgxaaoc,jIhk’mu,j u]6dlv’7qoc]h;D ]6d0v’]k;pa’ohvp[+maowfhgIafg]Qkgda[,hPog0QkD ]q,sq;d5frafgvqkg,afg0Qkwx8qd.ljgInvo0v’ ]k;9qo[+,u[jvo,hPog,afg0Qk9bj’8qddY’-tdY’-kpwxmqj;mu[mqj;cfoD c,jIhk’zh6oAo.9Ihkp9bj’ gvqkw,h7hvoma[g,afg0QkD g,afg0Qkc8d,j5o]q’ljewo\kd2adD rhv,daooAoF c,jIhk’zh6oAod=xhvpfjk rtpkc4olk]traf;jkG <gxaortpkc4o]hkMF [+,su [6 ,+ 8u kF 8k[vf\qfc]h;[+L gIafg]Qk[+moa c]h; pa’lq’j g0Qk,kF 4hk[+I7h6 ;k,g4y’xkooUc]h;1jkwfhgxaortpkc4o8+wxvudK<D oa[c8joAo,kF rtpkc4o7Pf9b’j [+l’qj g0Qk,k.shcdj,to5fvudD ,to5fm5dpkdvbf1kd0kf g0uoF .zMd=dkj ;xtok,c,jIhk’zh6oAo;jk gxao7qo[+fuF xkd4jvpF xhvpIvfrtpkc4oS gIaf.shwm [hkowmg,nv’gfnvfIhvogxaom5doeD grnvj cdhw07;k,m5dpkdF ,to5fF \6 c]t \k9b’j ,k8qd]q’ dao;jk <r;dgIqkrkdaogIafokx6dg0Qk3fp[+8hv’vkwldyog0Qkoertpkc4ovud,aopkd3rf<D ]q,daowxdao,kd=pkdF g0qkg9Qk1kdrkdaogIafokc8j[+I;6h kj 9tgIafco;.f grkt[+,uco;g0Qkx6dD l5fmhkpF wfh8dq ]q’dao;jk.sh\ksp5p0Bog,nv]adgvqkco;g0Qkx6d1j.6 og,nv’rtpkc4o grkt,u7;k, ltf;d1j6[jvo;jk\ksp5p,u0qo|k,usk’Ivf _ sk’F g,njvovogdnvd.ljlk’g0Qkrtpkc4o g,afg0Qk8yfg8a,8qo38 c]t sk’ c]h;h d=9tr=gIafco;x6dD 4hk.sh7oq sn^ \6g,nvd=8vh ’wfhgxhwfhsk[,k ,ao9tglp]a[D .omulj 5fd=8qd]q’.sh\kg,nvoegvqkco;g0Qkx6d1j6g,nv’rtpkc4oS \6gxaozh6f5f05f -jk;rNofyogIafwIjgIafokS lj;o;jk7qogxaozh6xhko7aookF 8af4k’F fe c]t [q;]t[afg0QkD g,njv8qd]q’|hkmujdaoc]h;vhkp\ksp5p _ sk’d=vvdgfuomk’g,nvg,nv’rtpkc4ogrnjv ]adgvqkco;g0Qkx6dD 7qod=xkh o7ao8aomhk’gvqkoEg0QkokS \6df= f5 fyo.sh,oa gxao8q, lk,kfx6dg0QkwfhD vhkp\ksp5p0Bog,nv]adgvqkco;g0Qkx6dgxaog;]ks^kpgfnvo9b’j da[,kD g,nvj da[,k7qod=xhko7ao. 16.

(22) ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. 8aomhk’IP[Ihvp c]t \6d=f5fwIjokc8j]twIjgxao8q,9qo;jkx6dg0QkwfhD g,nvj ,kIvfF \kd=c]jo g0Qkwxmq’j ok c]t 7aook[jvodP,gIaf8kdhkc]h;d=loja 0qogIaf.shg,af g0Qkmu8j fy 8k,0qo oAo8qd]q’ .lj.IjokD sa’^ 9kds;jkoco;g0Qkwfhc]h; \kF \6 c]t 7qozyf4P’dao;jkzh.6 fd=1kdwfhsk^ p zh.6 fd=;kj ;Pd0v’8qopkdd;jkzhv6 onj D \k[vd;jk;Pd0v’8qogv’wfhgfuomk’wd c]t ljP’-u;yf 4hkrtpk c4o9a[wfhd=c,jo8kpD \6d=;jk8qogv’gIaf;Pd|addkof5ffyo.shgxaook9qo;jkx6dg0Qkwfhc,jo ]e[kds^kpD 7qod=;jkdkoxhko7ao8aomhk’F feokF [q;]t[af9qogda[djP;wfhF 8eg0Qk9qogxao g0QklkoF |B’g0Qk9qol5ddyowfhc,jo;Pdmu]j e[kd c]t pk;okoD 4P’daowx4P’dao,kF r;dg0qk d=cdh[+8dq 9b’j gxaogsfIhvo0BoIvfrtpkc4oD rtpkc4owfhIh6g]nvj ’7qoF \6 c]t \krkdaogIafokc]h;zyf4P’dao9b’j Ihv’ r;dg0qk0Bo g,nvg;Qk7;k,dao1j6g,nv’rtpkc4oD g,njvg,nvIvfg,nv’c4oc]h;rtpkc4od=[vd.shg]qjk g]nvj ’lj26 ’a D \6d[a \kpa’7q’4P’dao1j.6 zd=;kj 38gxaozhg6 IafokD grnvj .shc9h’7adF rtpkc4o9b’j c8j’ .shc4ovq’|b’j ]q’,kd;fdkg[y’j [jvogIafokD g,nvj ,kd;f8k,7aook c]t 8kdhkc]h;d=d[a 7nog,nv ]kp’kortpkc4os^;’;jk <1j6[vj ogIafok,uc8jIvp8uo\k[+gsaoIvp8uo\6r=Ivp<D gxaoco; oAod=phvo;jk\6gxaozh6f5f c]t gIafgxao.Ij]tvPf c]h;\k9b’j gvqkco;g0Qkx6ds;jko.ljD 9kdoAoF rtpkc4o9b’j 4k,;jk c,jo.zgxaozh6,k]adgvqkco;g0Qkx6d 9b’j Ih6;kj c,jo\kD rtpkc4owfh8fa lyo.sh\kdyog0QkF \6doy Ie c8jm’a \k c]t \6.sh7oq gxaozh]6 Ph ’gvqkg0QkgvqkIegdnvD rhv,oAoF rtpkc4od=]q’3mf\kmu,j k]adgvqkco;g0Qkx6dfh;pdko8afsk’vvd ) sk’pa’gsn^v c8jsk’fP;D /jkp\67PfcI’s^kpg]upg;Qk0No;jk <\6gxaozhg6 Iafok\kgxaozhd6 oy g0QkD c8jo8U w+ x0hvp 9t[+gIafokvudgrkt[+wfhdoy g0Qk<D 9kdoAoF rtpkc4o9b’j gvqk7;kp.sh7oq ]q’,kgIafok1jg6 ,nv’]5,j grnvj ]hP’,to5f.o3]dln[8+,k9qogmQkg4y’m5d;aooUD gda[de c]t IP[IP’3fpG 7ez5p rqo]n-k. 17.

(23) [qfmu @ rN o ln [ !D 7;k,\kp c]t dko0tspkp8q;0v’rNoln[. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. rNoln[ c,jog]nvj ’g]qkj rNog,nv’xtgrf|b’j g-y’j ,ugoNv.og;Qkg4y’[5d7qo sn^ gsfdkomu8j fy rao da[xts;aflkfD .og[Nv’8QorNoln[gxao[qfg]nvj ’g]qkj djP;da[[5d7qo.f|b’j sn^ gsfdko.f|b’j mu,j u9y’.o95h, g9Nvg-Nvlkp0v’7qogIqkD 8+,k[qfg]nvj ’gsqk^j oAowfh4dn g]qkj 8+Mdaowx1jk’d;hk’0;k’.omq;j mhv’4yoj F mqj;0q’g0f c]t mqj;xtgmfD vkf9tg;Qkwfhvud;jk rNoln[c,jodko[aombd c]t 9nj9e7nogsf dko.spjM c]t le7aomu,j ]u da ltotxts;aflkf0v’dj,5 7qoF g-Nvlkp c]t 0q’g0f.f|b’j grnvj czj veokfdkoxqd7v’F dkogIaflq’7k,grnvj pkf-u’g0fcfoF .odkome,kskdyoF dkod+lhk’ vkok9adF dkodegouf-kf.oltw\[6Iko c]t vnjoMD ltoAoF rNoln[9bj’,uI6[dko7hkp7ndao da[gm[oypkp c8j;kj goNv.oljv’cl’g4y’la’7q,9tc9h’ c]t g]ydg-y’j d;jkD rNoln[c,jog]nvj ’g]qkj mugj ;Qkg4y’[5d7qo sn^ gsfdkomu8j yfraoda[xts;aflkf1jk’9tc9h’D rNoln[wfh0tspkp8q;cI’.oltw\djvomu7j oq gIqk9twfh,u;y-kxts;aflkfvaocmh9y’D g,nvj 7qogIqk [+mao,u;y-kxts;aflkfF rNoln[wfhgIaf|hkmuj <9qf9e< c]t <[aombd< [aofkgsfdkoxts;aflkf 0v’c8j]t9h5,g9Nvg-Nvlkp0v’c8j]tgzqjkd=7n[aofkxts;aflkf0v’[hkog,nv’3fpmqj;wxD g,njv,kIvfltw\7qogIqkg]uj,,u;y-kxts;aflkfvaocmh9y’c]h;rNoln[d=pa’degouf c]t 0tspkp8q;.o]tfa[8jk’daoD vu’8k,dko9qfdjkp0v’;y-kxts;aflkfF 4hk;jk;y-kxts;aflkf skd9qfdjkp[aofkgsfdkoxts;aflkfwfh7q[4h;o-afg9oc]h;]adltot0v’rNoln[d=s^5f]q’F dq’dao0hk, 4hk;jkgsfdko c]t 8q;]t7vo.fmuxj ts;aflkfgIqk[+9tc9h’F ]adltot0v’rNoln[ d=gfajo-af0BoF grkt;jk goNv.o0v’rNoln[,udkosaoxjPowx8k,goNv.oxts;aflkfD faj’oAoF 9b’j g;Qkwfh;kj rNoln[c,joxts;aflkfmu[j +gxao]kp]advadlvoD. 18.

(24) @D 95fryglf0v’rNoln[ { rNoln[ c,joxts;aflkfmuj[+,u]kp]advadlvoF c,joxts;aflkfc[[9nj9e8k, mafltot0v’xt-k-qoD { rNoln[ c,joxts;aflkfmuxj t-k-qogIqk g7upg]qkj xkd8+xkdln[8+dao,k c8jg-aoj 7qooU wxskg-aoj 7qovnoj F c8jmvh ’4yoj oUwxskmhv’4yoj vnoj D { rNoln[ g7up,udkoxjPocx’wx8k,dk]tgmlt 3fpvu’8k,mafltot0v’zh6c8j’ c]t zhg6 ]qkj ln[8+doa ,kD c8jroN ln[d=p’a Iadlk7;k,gxao9y’ vaogxaocdjolko0v’gsfdkoxts;aflkfw;hD fa’j oAoF rNoln[9b’j dkpgxaogvdtlkoF 0=,h o6 vao]E7jkle]a[dko7Qo7;hkF -vdI6xh ts;afdko8jk’M 0v’xts;aflkfcsj’-kf]k;gIqkD. #D dkodegouf c]t dko0tspkp8q;0v’rNoln[. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. rNoln[0v’]k;gIqkg4y’c,jo;jk9tdegouf c]t 0tspkp8q;cI’.oltw\djvomuj-kf gIqk,u;y-kxts;aflkfvaocmh9y’d=8k,F c8jrNoln[d=[+wfh15fg-qkdko0tspkp8q;D dq’dao0hk, rNoln[pa’ln[8+degouf c]t 0tspkp8q;rhv,Mda[;y-kxts;aflkf c]t ;aoot7tfurNog,nv’ xtgrfvnoj M8+,k9qog4y’m5d;aooUD vu’8k,95fryglfmudj kj ;,k0hk’gmy’vkfc[j’dkodegouf c]t dko0tspkp8q;0v’rNoln[ vvdgxaolv’w]pt8Qo8=f’ja oUG #D!D w]ptdjvolt8t;afmu XIV djvolt8t;afmu XIV 7nosâ’ gxaow]ptxts;aflkfvaoclopk;wdmulj 5f c]t d=4ngxao w]ptxts;aflkfltw\fbdfe[ao0v’-kf]k;gIqkD rNoln[0v’]k;gIqk.ow]ptoUc,jo ,ugoNv.o4ndda[xts;aflkf0v’dkolhk’8A’g,nv’]k;[6Ikogxao8Qog-aoj G rNoln[< rtpklu37f 8t[v’ < rNoln[ < mhk;9aomtrkoyf <F rNoln[djP;da[ < 05og9nv’ <F < 05o[6]q, <D fa’j mudj kj ;,koU ]h;oc8jgxao[qfg]nvj ’g]qkj djP;da[[5d7qozhg6 xaosq;|hk0v’c8j]tdj,5 gzqkj -qo muxj dq 7v’g,nv’[6Iko 8jk’M0v’]k;gIqkc8jdvj o7nG g,nv’lu37f8t[v’F g,nv’9aomt[6]uF g,nv’xtdaoF g,nv’-P’fq’ -P’mv’ Xg,nv’-;k?F g,nv’-P’cloDDD rhv,oAo[aofk[qfrNoln[fa’j djk;pa’wfhg]qkj g4y’dkodegouf c]t dko7q’8q;0v’g,nv’[6Ikogs^kqj oAofh;pI6[dkogs^nvg-nvj c]t ,tsaflt9aomulj 5fD .ow]ptdjvolt8t;af XIV oUF wx7P’7j6da[rNoln[muj,ugoNv.oxts;aflkfc]h; pa’,u rNoln[ltgrktdjP;da[xts;aflkfcsj’dkolhk’8A’g,nv’[6Ikovao.spjMs^kpcsj’vudg-ajoG 8eokog,nv’s^;’rt[k’F 8eokog,nv’;P’9ao c]t rNoln[djP;da[dkoxtfyflhk’fhko ;afmtotmeF ;af;kvkIk,7nG 8eokortoq, c]t vnoj MD 19.

(25) g;Qk];,c]h; .ow]ptdjvolt8t;afmu XIV rNoln[0v’]k;gIqkwfhdegouf c]t 0tspkp8q;cI’,ugoNv.oxts;aflkf c]t pa’Iadlk]adltotgdqjkcdjF [6Iko0v’,aow;hwfh 1jk’7q[4h;oD dkoIa[zqoltmhvo9kdco;7yf0v’-qo-Aoxqd7v’F co;7yf0v’lklt|kr5f d=[+mao9tc9h’ c]t g]ydg-y’j gmnvj D xts;aflkf0v’-kf]k;gIqkw]ptoUpa’c,joxts;aflkf mujg]qjkxkd8+xkd3fpzjko[qfrNoln[8jk’Mgxao8QoD faj’oAoF ]ts;jk’rNoln[da[xts;aflkf 9b’j ,udkoxqogxF .dh-yf8yfraodaos^kpmulj f5 D. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. #D@D w]ptoa[c8jsâ’lt8t;afmu XIV rkpsâ’lt8t;afmu XIV 3fpltgrktc,jo8A’c8jxu !#&# gxao8Qo,kF xts;aflkf muj0Pogxao]kp]advadlvo0v’]k;gIqk9bj’7jvpgduf,u0BoD 1j6.ow]ptoUgv’ grnjvgxaodko2No26 xts;aflkf0v’-kf]k;gIqk.ow]ptdjvooAo7no.shgxao]t[q[F 7q[4h;oF [aofkoadxkfF 76[kvk9koma’s^kp9bj’wfhgda[deF mhvo3I,gvqk[qfrNoln[8jk’M,k9qfdjkp c]t [aombdw;h gxaoxB,g-ajoG xB,rq’lk;tfko]k;F xB,|a’lnoymko05o[6]q,D ltrk[dkofaj’djk;pyj’gIaf.sh rNoln[da[xts;aflkfxqogxdao8n,j F ma’gIaf.shgoNv.oxts;aflkf0v’[qfrNoln[,udkosaoxjPo wx8k,mafltot0v’zh60PoD 95fxtlq’0v’dko9qfdjkp[qfrNoln[8jk’Mw;hoAogrnvj pqdl6’75o7jk fhkoxts;aflkf0v’[qfg]nvj ’D c8j.o8q;9y’gIaf.shgoNvcmh c]t ]adltot0v’rNoln[,udkosaoxjPo c]t s^5fzjvo]q’s^kpmujl5fvaoltcf’vvd[k’fhko7nG zh60Popqdphv’[aofk8q;]t7vo .orNoln[mP[gmqkj da[2hkc4oF gIaf.shrNoln[,u]adltotladlyfF ,tsaflt9aoF gxaodkopqdphv’ [qf[kf0v’g9Qk05o,5ookp.ola’7q,.shl6’ c]t ,u7;k,ladlyfg\nvo2hkc4oD faj’oAoF 9b’j gxaodkoIh6daofuc]h;;jkG zh60Poltw\oAoc,jo76[kvk9kogxao8Qo8=D rNoln[ c]t gm[oypkp 0v’]k;gIqkwfhIa[zqoltmhvo9kdco;7yf0v’-qo-Aoxqd7v’ c]t co;7yf0v’lklt|kr5f 1jk’g]ydg-y’j lq,7;oD. $D goNv.o0v’rNoln[ rNoln[c8j]t[qf8jk’d=,ugoNv.oljv’cl’1jk’la’];,djP;da[ gsfdkole7aomujgduf0Bo 1j.6 o[aofkd5,j gzqkj -qo c]t .oc8j]tw]pt xts;aflkf0v’]k;gIqkF g-y’j .ooAo[aoskmugj faoj d;jk\6j c,jog;Qkg4y’dkodegouf c]t dko7q’8q;0v’g,nv’[6Iko8jk’MD dkod+8’A ]af0v’ladfyok]k; g,nv’-;kF dkorafmtoklhk’lk[hkog,nv’0v’]k;gIqkg-ajoG rNoln[ <rtpklu37f8t[v’< wfhljv’cl’gsfdkomuj[aofkgzqjk]k;wfhrkdao8A’4yjo4ko1j6rkd.8h c]t rkddk’0v’fyo cfo]k;ltw\djvoD [qfg]nvj ’wfhpvh ’p= mhk; lu37f8t[v’ g-y’j g[Nv’8Qopa’gxaogfadohvpme,tfkF 8+,kg,nvj wfhdyog0Qkmu,j ulufe c]t wfh,uw,h7hvo8t[v’vaogxaovk;5fmu,j u7;k,ladlyfc]h;d=dkp 20.

(26) ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. gxao7qomu,j du e]a’;a’-kvao,tsklkomulj f5 D mhk; lu37f8t[v’ pa’lk,kf-j;p-k;[hko.odko0qo w,hsk^ prao]eF pa’lk,kfzk[crhlfa 86zI6h d5 IkoD pa’xqdxadIadlk[hkog,nv’ c]t 7;k,lts’q[ l5d0v’xt-k-qovudfh;pD zjko[qfrNoln[ <rtpklu37f8t[v’< vkfg;Qkwfh;jk g,nv’lu37f8t[v’gxaog,nv’ |bj’muj.spj c]t ,uveokfg0A,c0’1j6mk’rkd.8h.o7k;oAoD c8jg,nv’lu37f8t[v’.o0tot mujczjveokfxqd7v’8qo0Bomk’myfg|nvoAo d=wfhrq[da[dkoltdafdAo c]t dko39,8u9kd g,nv’vnoj Mgxaos^kp7A’,kc]h;D 3fpltgrktc,jog,nv’;P’9aoD g,nv’;P’9ao.o7k;oAo pa’,uveokfvjvoohvps^5fg,nv’lu37f8t[v’s^kpgmqjkD rtpk g,nv’;P’9aogsao;jkveokfg,nv’lu37f8t[v’gxaolaf868q;vao8t]kp0qj,0j6g,nv’0v’8qoF g,nv’;P’9ao[+lk,kf9tltdafdAodkoczjveokf0v’g,nv’lu37f8t[v’fh;pde]a’cI’ mk’fhkovk;5fD faj’oAoF 9bj’.-hdqov5[kpvaog]ydc][co[oPomujl5fgrnjvgvqk-totveokf 0v’g,nv’lu37f8t[v’D dkoglp-u;yf0v’rtpklu37f8t[v’wfhltcf’.shgsaow]ptvvjogrp c]t -5f3-,.odkoczjveokf0v’g,nv’lu37f8t[v’1jm6 k’rkddk’ c]t rkd.8h.o7k;oAoD [q f rN o ln [ <mh k ;9a o mtrkoy f < wfh l j v ’cl’g4y ’ w]pt.\j c sj ’ dko0tspkp8q ; 0v’la’7q,]k;F phv’p=lao]tgluomhk;9aomtrkoyf.odkolhk’g,nv’-P’fq’-P’mv’D [qfg]nvj ’pa’wfhlvj ’cl’g4y’w]ptmulj a’7q,]k;,udko0tspkp8q;l6]j tfa[l6’lq,7;oF ljv’cl’ g4y’7;k,l;p’k,F 7;k,v5fq,Iaj’,umk’fhko-a[rtpkdvome,t-kf0v’g,nv’-P’fq’ -P’mv’.og,nvj djvoD [qfg]nvj ’pa’wfhphv’p=lao]tgluomhk;9aomtrkoyfg-y’j gxaortpkzh6mevyf .orNoln[0v’]k;gIqkmuj,u[5o75o8+-k;[hko-k;g,nv’F ma’,uzqo’kovao.spjs^;’.odko xtdv[lj;olhk’lkg,nv’-P’fq’-P’mv’DDD rNoln[ <05o[6]q,< ,ugoNv.omk’fhkoxts;aflkfg-y j’czj0tspkpd;hk’d;jk\j6D rNo05o[6]q,gxao[qfg]njv’fh;pxkdgxqjkln[8+dao,k9qog4y’lt8t;afmu XVI rt,tskgm[s^;’ 9b’j wfhIP[IP’gxaoxB,7A’mevyf c]t ,u-n;j kj G <|a’lnoymko 05o[6]q,<D goNv.o8Qo8=0v’g]nvj ’oU wfhlvj ’cl’g4y’gsfdkoxts;aflkfvao.spjs^;’csj’dkolhk’8A’]afladfyok0v’05o[6],q D rNoln[[k’[qfpa’wfhg;Qkg4y’dko8+l6hgrnjvpkfcpj’fyocfo s^n sq;g,nv’grnjvxqd7v’dao g-aoj G rNoln[ <05og9nv’< ,u[k’8vowfhg;Qkg4y’dko8+ld6h oa ]ts;jk’05og9nv’zhx6 dq 7v’g,nv’g’yopk’F g,nv’-P’cloda[mhk;cv’dkzhg6 xaog9Qk1jg6 ,nv’xtdao X-P’0;k’? D phvoma’lv’/jkp8jk’d=pkf -u’daogvqkok’’hv,F ]6dlk;0v’]5’05og9nv’D dko8+lo6h oA .og[nvh ’8Qo/jkp05og9nv’wfhI[a w--totD c8jl5fmhkp/jkpmhk;cv’dkrafwfhIa[dko-j;pgs^nv9kdg,nv’vnjoMc]h;da[,kcdhc7ho/jkp 05og9nv’F gIaf.sh05og9nv’ c]t wrjrqoxt]kw-D c8jg4y’1jk’.fd=8k,xt-k-qod=pa’pqdphv’05o 21.

(27) g9nv’;jkgxao;y]t[5]5fmugj da’j dhklk,kfF vq’vkfdhkskoF [+pv,9eoqo8+laf86D ovdoAoF rNoln[pa’,ugoNv.oljv’cl’dkoxtfyflhk’;afmtotmevaogdqjkcdjF ]n-nj c]t ,tsaflt9ao0v’]k;gIqkg-ajoG rNoln[ <8tpujdik,< 0v’-qogzqjkdb,,5wfhg]qjk;jkG 8tpujdik, 1j6gInvogvqkohv’F ]k;wfhgsaodhvo0Ul6fmurj +c,jxtw;h16dj hv’8P’F g]upgvqk,kxAo7hv’[A’c]h;8u0BoF lP’7hv’fa’dhv’wxg4y’r+c,j c]t wm[hkomujr;,gIaf;PdD g0qk9bj’7yf;jk1j6[hko,ugsfdko mu[j +fugduf0BoF 9b’j rkdaoc]joda[,kD g,nvj gxaoco;oAo 8tpudj ik, 9b’j [u[7hv’[A’.shgxao0Ulf6 7ngdqkj D g,njvgIafs^kpgmnjvr+c,j9bj’gsaoF9bj’gvqkoE,;d4vd.lj7hv’[A’0Ul6fc]h;dkpgxao7hv’[A’cmhD xaf95[oa oUF 7hv’[A’le]a[-qogzqkj db,,5[+ltgrktc8jgxao,=]tfqdmu,j u7kj l6’gmqkj oAoD c8jp’a 4ngxaoly’j ladlyf c]t laddk]t[6-kvudfh;pD. &D ly]txt0v’rNoln[. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. ly]txt0v’rNoln[,u]adltotg;Qk3pd c]t glu,lhk’fh;p8q;]t7vomuj,u-u;yf-u;k grnjv.shzh6vjkoF zh62a’9a[vqd9a[.9 c]h;9nj9egsfdko0v’8q;]t7vo.og]njv’wfhfqogrnjvoe,k g]qkj ln[8+doa wxD zh6c8j’wfh.-hly]txtdkoc8j’F 3fppqdphv’[aofk8q;]t7vo.orNoln[mP[gmqkj da[2hkc4o ma’s^kpgIaf.shroN ln[,u]da ltotladlyfF ,tsaflt9aoF vaogxaodkopqd[qf[kf0v’g9Qk05o,5ookp .ola’7q,.shl6’ c]t ,u7;k,ladlyfD dkoc8j’rNoln[ g4y’;jkdko.-hl]y txt,u]da ltotg;Qk3pdF gs^vn g-nvj c]t ,tsaflt9aod=8k, c8jpa’ltcf’g4y’7;k,Ih6F 7;k,lk,kf.odkoxtfyfc8j’0v’xt-k-qo.oltw\djvoD. 22.

(28) rN o ln [ <9a o mtrkoy f <. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. fyocfo]hko-hk’gxaofyocfomuIj a’j ,u c]t l;p’k, g7up,u-n]j n-kxkdqf.oxts;aflkf csj’-kf]k;,kgxaog;]k-hkokoD ot7vos^;’0v’fyocfo]hko-hk’.oltw\|bj’g7up,u-n;j kj G -P’fq’{ -P’mv’ vaogxaoot7vomuvj 5fq,lq,[6ofh;pmv’7e7qo]k;zh6gxaog9Qk0v’d=gxao-kf mujry]tvkfskoF g7up,udko8+l6hxqdxadIadlk c]t lhk’[hkocx’g,nv’ln[,ks^kpg-ajo7qoD g7up,ug9Qkdtlafln[]kf-t;q’8+dao,ks^kpltw\9qo,kIvfltw\05o-;kF 05opuxkF 05o;y]y[kF 05odaoIk’ c]t 05o]= gxao]efa[D ot7vos^;’csj’oU9’bj xkdqf,u-n;j kj G g,nv’-;k]hko-hk’D djvoltw\05o-;kr5ho [+Ih6;kj gsy’okoxko.fpa’,udtlafvq’|b’j -n;j kj rtpk9aomtrkoyf gxaozh,6 u-]nj n-k;jkgxaog9Qkcsj’mv’7eF xqd7v’[hkog,nv’3fplyomeF oegvqk7;k,1jg6 1aogxaol5d ,kl6wj rj2kh ]k-tfvogxaog;]kvaopk;oko 3fp,uoymkog]qkj ln[dao,k;jkfa’j oUG xk’djvopa’,udtwm-kpzh6|’bj -n;j kj 9aomk 1j6g,nv’;P’9aogxao7qome,tfklk,aoF me,k skdyofh;pdko0kpr6D c8j]t,N mhk;g7upsk[dt8jkr6mjP;wx0kp.omuj8jk’M ovd9kd0kp .o[=]yg;o[hkoc]h;F pa’sk[wx0kp.o\j6[hko8jk’Mmuj1j6sjk’wd3fpvkwl;af c]t lk]k;af gxao[jvoradzjvoD .o;ao|bj’g,njv8kg;ao7jec]h; mhk;wfhsk[d;pr6g0Qkwx.o;af c]t vkwl radovo1j6.od58ysâ’|bj’3fp7;k,gvNvg2Nv0v’,tskg4o8qo|bj’D .o7nooAo .og;]kmuj9aomk r;,ovos^[a F ,tskg4o-Ewfhpoy lP’fqo8u gl[gr’w- fa’lt|aoj oaogonv’0Bo.omuoj oA D ,tskg4o Ih6lbdcxdxts^kf.9gxaovao,kd9bj’gvqk,n-5dd;pr6muj8A’1j60vd0hk’9aomks;a’;jk9tx5d.sh 9aomk8njo0Bogrnjvrhv,dao2a’lP’fqo8uvao,tsaflt9aooAoD g,njvmhk;9aomk4ndx5d9aj’-Ao d=ltf5h’8noj 0Bofh;p7;k,/aovaocxdxts^kfF c8jrhv,daooAo lP’fqo8umfuj a’dhv’da’;ko1j6s;jk’ 1jkoU-E’P[skpwxF ,tskg4ogsaofaj’oAo9bj’]Q,sq;ovo]q’vud3fp[+xkdg;Qkc8jxtdko.fD lj;o9aomkg,njv8njo0Boc]h;d=Ih6lbdlqo.9.o7;k,/ao0v’8qogv’gxaomujl5fc8jd=[+dhkcdh7e/ao oAooe,tskg4ogonjv’9kd;jk7yf9qj’9P,,tskg4oD g,njvIj5’g-Qk,ksâ’9kdlj;p|hkc]h; mhk;d=sk[d;pr6wxmjP;0kp8k,g7upD g,nvj rq[wm[hkomu]j b’j cd;jodao mhk;9b’j wfhcdh7;k,/ao 0v’8qooewm[hko c8jwm[hko-Erafg;Qkc8d8jk’daowx8jk’MokM pyj’gIaf.shmhk;gduf 7;k,da’;qolqo.9.o7;k,/ao0v’8qogv’F [k’7qod=g;Qk;jkG <7qozh6ohvp/ao.spj9ad0kf 7;k,va[xu9a’wIF [k’7qod=;kj /aofu9adgdufgxaoIhkp< [k’7qod=g;Qk;jk <7e/aooU[+gxao8kgry’ g-nvj ]k’/aowfhdvf-h,6 on 8k0Bo-Ec,jo\vo<DDD g,nvj gxaoco;oAomhk;9b’j da[wxsk,tskg4o c]t ws;h , tskg4o;j k G 0h k c8j m j k ovk9kogvu p K 86 0 h k ovos^ a [ wx.o7n o oA o ];f/a o ;j k 8q o. 23.

(29) ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. gxaozh6,u]yfmko5rk[ xkd7k[f;’9ao lv’8uo1aortvkmyf [+Ih6;kj 9tgxaooy,yfIhkpfuxtdko.f mjkogvupD g,nvj wfh2’a 9aomkcdh7;k,/aocxdxts^kfxtdv[fh;p8qogv’d==wfhpyolP’fqo8ugl[’ao .o7nofP;daooAoF ,tskg4o9bj'7yf7toy’.o.9;jk dtwm-kpzh6oUvkf9tgdufgxaoz6h6,u[5o|ad lad.spjcmh 7bfc]h;,tskg4o9b’j djk;;jkG f6]kmjkogvupK 7e/aogs^kqj oUgxaoou,yffu /aoxtglufskd 9tgduf3-dw-.orkp|hk[+1kj -tc]D g,nvj meokp7e/aooAoc]h; ,tskg4od=wfhcotoe 7ela’j lvocdjmhk;fh;p7;k,Iadcr’ c]t g-njv4ns^kpxtdkoD oa[c8joAo,kmhk;d=wfhxt8y[af8k,7elaj’lvo0v’,tskg4o me,kskdyofh;p7;k,f5\aoj rkdrPo c]t -nlj afl59t]yf 9qodkpgxaor+7hkzh6|b’j mu7j qoma’s^kp gvUo;jkr+7kh 0kpr6gsf;jkwfhg]u,j 8Qo9kddko0kpr6gxao8QomboD 1j68+,k 9aomk9afskgInv7hkwfh]e|bj’c]h;d=-ad-;ogvqkpkfrujohv’ c]t ,yfltskp 9eo;o|b’j rkdao4+gInv7hkF 9kd;P’9ao ,5’j |hk0Bog,nvmk’g|nv8k,dkocotoe0v’,tskg4oD .og;]kmu4j +gInv8k,]eoE0v’0BoIvfzk8adcdh c]t zk8A’okpoAowfhxkdqfgsaomv’7e8yf xkpw,h4+0Bo,kgxaodhvo.spjF c8j;jkphvoxt8y[af8k,7ecotoe0v’,tskg4o1jk’g7aj’7af gsaomv’7e8yfxkpw,h4+0Bo,kg4y’ @{# gmnjvmhk;9aomkd=[+gvqkF 9qo;jkr;d[jk;gInvrkdao 3vp7k’ c]t 8q[gvyd8uvk’9qj,;jkglpfkpgfK glpfkpgfK .o0totmujgsaomhk;9aomk xjvodhvo7e]q’.ooEF g,njvwfhpyom5d7qo9qj,glpfkp mhk;9bj’djk;;jkG r;dg9Qkma’s^kpgvupK 1jkglpfkpgmUogIqk9adwfhrkp|hkr5hos^kpd;jkoU\njo8+clo8+mujcmhfkpF ;jkc]h;d=rkdaoln[ 8+4g+ Inv0Bog,nvg|nv-adw-h9oq Ivffvocsj’|b’j IPd;jk <fvo-kp7;kpIhk< wxIvfsAod=gxaog;]k 7jer=fu9’jb rkdao9vfgInvw;hmkj c]h;0Box5d86[cx’zk,radg-qk1jm6 fuj vooAoD 8jnog-Qk,kwfhgsao-kp7qo|b’j c[ddhvosuo]q’,ksk mhk;9aomkwfh4k,;jkG f6]kmjkoF mjkoc[d;af45lyj’oAo,kgIafspa’oUokL -kp7qooAo8v[;jkF 0hvpc[d dhvosuovaooU,k d=grnvj c]dxjPog7nvj ’7hk[k’vao0v’mjkoma’s^kpfkpD g,nvj oAoF mhk;9aomk 9b’j djk;;jkF vaomjko c[d,koAo8A’c,jodhvo7ecf’cr’7e,kdcmhfkpD g,njvwfhpyoco;oAo -kp7qooAod=xq’]q’9kd[jkF dhvosuo]a[,uf/qorhkd=dkpgxaodhvo 7ecf’7jkcr’,kd,kpcmhfkpmuwj fhr[q gsao8jk’d=’fb ’=vh fa lt9ao9b’j rhv,dao9af8A’ rym,u t3s]ko medkolts^v’ ( ;ao ( 7no1jk’7bd7NoD .o,N;ao4h;o ( oAo mhk;9aomk 9b’j wfh.sh7qoma’s^kpwx gda[gvqkdhvo7e,kdv’w;hgxao-a[lq,[af0v’[hkog,nv’D ovd9kdoAo d=c9d1kp.sh7oq ma’s^kp m5dmq;j |hkF gsfdkovao|hk,tsaflt9aooAowfhgxao0jk;-jk]nrcn zj wxmq;j m5dcsj’sqoF /6’7qomu1j c6j fo wdd=mtpvpdao,kg8Qk3I,gxaovao,kd c]t rhv,daophv’p=lao]tgluo[5o75o0v’9aomk r+ 7 h k r6 g xa o 1j k ’py j ’ D gon j v ’9kd;j k /6 ’ 7q o ,kg8Q k 3I,da o 1j k ’|kc|h o F va j ’ v= F fa j ’ oA o F 24.

(30) ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. xjkfq’rq’wrc4;oAo9b’j 4nd4k’vvd grnvj lhk’zklkf]k-t;a’ c]t g;]k05ffyo]q’ grnvj gvqkglqk /a’-Erafwfhrq[ czjomv’.orNoczjofyogxaovao,kdD faj’oAoF s=zklkfsâ’oAo9bj’ wfh.lj-nj;jk 3]stzklkf s^n 3I’-P’fq’-P’mv’8k,oy,yflv’xtdkofaj’djk;D g,njvlhk’leg]afc]h; 9bj’rhv,daogvqkdhvo7e dv’1v’0Bogxao]k-t[ao]a’c]h;g-uo 9aomkr+7hk0kpr60Booaj’gmy’ dv’7e c]t me]k -krygld.shgxaog9Qkrtpkxqd7v’g,nv’0t|kook,;jkG rtpk9aomtrkoyf lt4yfl5;oa otr6, mu]j -n 3jn fpdkpgxaoot7vos^;’d;hk’.spj c]t l;p’k, vao,uok,;jkG -P’fq’ -P’mv’8A’c8jooA ,kD g,nvj wfh0oB ltgs;up]kf[hkog,nv’c]h; rtpk 9aomtrkoyfd=[+wfhxt\kf,q;g,qk.o7;k, l5dlj;o8q;0v’rtvq’D rtvq’wfhoewrj2hkxt-kdvolhk’lk[hkog,nv’.shI5j’gInv’pyj’M0Bo 9qofyocfo-P’mv’wfhdkpgxao[hkoIa’j g,nv’,u v5fq,lq,[6owxfh;p-a[lyog’yo7e g0QkoE-Exk wrj2hkxt-kdvod=,uc8j7;k,pqdphv’ c]t 16gj 1aogxaol5dgxaog;]kgsy’okoD g,nvj vkp5la’0ko csj’8qog4Qkcdjc]h;rtpk 9aomtrkoyf9b’j gsao;jk8qogv’9t[+8’A mjP’4k;vo8+wxrkp|hk[hko g,nv’d=9ad ,udkozaocxwx8k,p5d8k,ltw\vkf9tgduf3rpwr3fpme,t-kf c]t lq’7k, 4hkskd[+,;u my xu dq xadIadlkw;hf-u [a lq,[afg0Qk0v’mulj tlq,w;hgxaovao,kdd=9da 4nd9y[skplk[l6owx c]t ]6ds^koz6lh n[g-nvh ltd5od=9da wfhI[a 7;k,m5dpkdvbf1kdD g,njv7bffaj’oAoc]h; rtpk 9aomtrkoyf 9bj’wfh]tfq,wrjrqo0qogvqk-a[lq,[afg0qhk0v’ g’yo7eoa[gxao3dfgxaocloMg0Qk.ljdaow;hlk’.spj.o4Er6-;’ohvp c]t r6-;’s^;’c]h; d=cx’Ijk;8jk;1ao8aow;hc9[D 9kdoAoF d=xoA I6[oqdpk’1no-q[g-qks’j;,gs’qk1jm6 ouj oA D s^’a 9kdrtpk 9aomtrkoyf wfhmvh o3I,-a[lq,[afw;hfcu ]h;168j ,+ krtpk d=\fq vkp5l’a 0ko 0v’8qoD g4Qkcdj[6Ikog7updjk;w;h;jk dkomujrtpk9aomtrkoyfwfhxtfyfxAoI6[oqdpk’-q[ g-qks’j;,gs’qk\kpw;hxkd4EoAogrnjv;jk9t.sh7qoz6h,uxaopklyomeln[I6hsk.shgsao[jvo/a’ -a[lq,[afF .og,nvj g;]kzjkorQowxc]h;D vudxtdko|b’j grnvj 9t.sh[oa fkz6,h xu oa pkcdhw0xaosk !@ 0=hvao,u.ooymkooqdpk’-nj;jkG dyp53-d.oxk’djvo.sh]5]j;’wx grnjv.shgxaoxt3spf.odko 8qdc8j’;Pd[hkodkog,nv’D c8j;kj g,nvj .fskdpa’[+maog4y’p5dltw\ c]t cdhw0[aoskoqdpk’ pa’[+moa 8qdc8dF 7qogIqkd=[+lk,kfgsaooqdpk’ c]t 7Qorq[05,murj tpk9aomtrkoyf/a’w;hooA wfhF [aoskoqdpk’,u !@ 0=h fa’j oUG !D oqdpk’gvupK gxaola’g9Qk[+dvdL 0hvp[+dvdphvoxk[+[vh oD @D xkgvupgxaola’g9Qk[+[vh oL 0hvp[+[vh ophvosphkw-IqdD #D sphkw-gvupgxaospa’g9Qk9b’j IqdF 0hvpIqdphvo’q;[+dfa D $D ’q;gvupgxaospa’g9Qk[+dafL 0hvp[+dafphvog9Qk0v’[+xvj pD 25.

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(35) ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. r=Ih6fa’j oAoc]h;ok’ 0P;7hv,9b’j 2hk;0Bowxdk[m6o.sh[yfk-q’-k[ rtg9Qkczjofyo]hko -hk’;P’9ao9b’j c8j’.shglokvk,kfcx’sj;’pqo < shk’svd1j6shv’4jkp|ad < r=dhvovk9q, 8qd]q’4ndlkpsj;’pqo]6dsj;’pqod=9trj’5 0BowxlP[I6m;komaomuD r=skh ’skdtdP,fu7da cojc]h;d=voa g-uo]6dg0uprtpk lu37f8t[v’0Bowx1hP,1k,ma’9af shv’ovoshv’dyoshv’4jkpryglf.shD 8vog-Qkrtpk lu37f8t[v’g0Qkshv’4jkp|ad ]6dpqod=r5j’g0QkI6m;ko9qoIvf7=svp djvortpk lu37f8t[v’9t0kf.98kpd=wfhlk[c-j’gvqkw;h;kj G g,nvj .fr;d7qo]k;[+lkh ’g,nv’ lu37f8t[v’.shIj5’gInv’;P’9aod=Ij5’gInv’[+wfh c]t 0=.shg,nv’]k;oUIj5’gmqjk-hk’ra[s6gmqjk ’6c][]UogmqjkoAoD 9kdoAoF rtpk lu37f8t[v’d=0kf.98kpc]h;glokvk,kf9bj’oelq[ 0v’rtpk lu37f]jv’cr]q’wxmugj ,nv’ lu37fgrnvj 7q[’ao c]t ,hPogzqkD 7emuj;jkG <g,nv’lu37f8t[6o< 7qo]k;1j6mk’/aj’-hkpgvUo;jk <g,nv’lu37f8t[v’< d=grkt]tobdg4y’mhk; -P’lulk,ao-qo7qo me,tfkc8j,u7;k,lk,kfgda’j dhk g|nv7qo9qowfh 0Bogxaortpk c]t ,u7vh o8t[v’grafgxaovk;5fD lj;o7qo]k;1jm6 k’/a’j 0;k ,u7;k,gsaogvUo;jk <g,nv’lu37f< d=c,jo]t]bdg4y’[5o75ogryoj lj;o8t[6od=grkt;jkmu8j A’0v’g,nv’1j6dhv’oEsuo[6o d=7;o9tgvqklkpoEgxaolaopt]adgsfzqowfhdkj ;1j.6 o8eokoc]h;;jk<lu37f8t[v’< c,jooymko xtiextik djk;8+dao,k[+c,joxts;aflkf c]t [+,u16j.orq’lk;tfko]k;D oa[c8joAo,k -k;g,nv’lu37f8t[v’9bj’wfhrhv,rP’daolhk’rtmkflu37f8t[v’0Bo grnvj ]tobdg4y’75o’k,7;k,fu0v’gryoj c]h;rkdaog7qk[6-k,k9qog4y’m5d;aooUD. 30.

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