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(3) lk]t[ko. [qfmu ! [qfmu @ [qfmu # [qfmu $ [qfmu & [qfmu *. rkdmu. II.. ;aoot7tfurNog,nv’]k;3fpla’g0[ 7em;kp 7el5rklyf oymkovaflt9ao oymko-;osq; oymkolaf. ;aoot7tfu8jk’xtgmf. [qfmu ( ;aoot7tfuwm [qfmu ) ;aoot7tfudex6g9p [qfmu _ ;aoot7tfu,Po,k. ! ! & @_ &$ _& !@W !$@ !$$ !&@ !&_. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. 7eoe gxufsq;g]njv’ rkdmu I. ;aoot7tfurNog,nv’]k;. ສດິ. |hk.

(4) gxu f sq ; g]n j v ’. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. ;aoot7tfurNog,nv’ c,jorkdlj;o|bj’.odkoxtfyfc8j’ly]txt0v’xt-k-qozh6 vvdcI’’koF g-y’j degoufgduf0Bo.o0t[;o;y;afcsj’dko8+lh68hkowrme,t-kf c]t dko8+ lh6mk’la’7q,0v’7qogIqkF rhv,daooAopa’,uxt3spf.odkoIa[.-h c]t -5dp6h0t[;odko8+lh6 gsq^kj oAoD ;aoot7tfurNog,nv’ljv’cl’dko8+lh68hkowrme,t-kfF 8+lh6mk’la’7q,.odkofe]q’ -u;yf0v’7qogIqk1jk’,u-u;yf-u;k c]t v5fq,lq,[6oD ;aoot7tfurNog,nv’8jk’da[;aoot7tfu0Pogrkt,aoc,jodkoxtfyfc8j’c[[];,\60j v’ xt-k-qozh6vvdcI’’koD fa’j oAo 9b’j 8yfc|hoda[dkofe]q’-u;yf8q;9y’gxao8Qoc,jodkogIaf[5o dyomkoF Iuf7v’xtgrou c]t dkog-nvj 4nvonj M0v’xt-k-qo]k;[aofkgzqkj D ;a o ot7tfu c,j o xkdq f dko|b j ’ 0v’la ’ 7q , ,a o degou f 0B o c]t 0tspkp8q ; [q o rNo4koglf4tdyf0v’la’7q,.f|bj’D ;aoot7tfu.-hrklk7eg;Qkgxaorkstot8Qo8=.odko rao]tokmkfcmhvaofugfaoj 0v’la’7q,F ;aoot7tfulq’j 8+7;k,Ih6lbdobd7yf0v’7qoF la’7q, c]t glf4tdyfD fa’j oAoF ;aoot7tfu9b’j dkpgxao[jvo];,l6o7;k,Ih6lbdobd7yf0v’,to5fF grkt;jk ;aoot7tfuwfhltcf’.shgsaog4y’dkorafmtokfhkovk]q,9yf0v’oadxtraop5dltw\8jk’MD ly’j le7aovudvao|b’j ;aoot7tfupa’c,joly]txt0v’dko.-hrklkF rklk0v’;aoot7tfu c,jo rklkmjuwfhIa[dkorafmtok.o]tfa[fuD fa’j oAoF xB,c[[IPo;aoot7tfu,u95f\kplhk’g’nvj ow0.shoadIPowfh.dh-yf8yfcmfda[[qf xtrao;aoot7tfumufj ugfaoj 0v’-kfd=7n;aoot7tfu0v’xtgmfgrnvj o[hko.dh7P’g-aoj G wmF dex6g9p c]t ,Po,k mju[ao95.oxB,sq;oUD goNv.o8Qo8=c,jolt|v’7;k,Ih6rNo4kodjP;da[xts;af 7;k,gxao,k0v’;aoot7tfurNog,nv’]k;F lbdlk75o7jk0v’;aoot7tfuly]txtdevao9toewx lj67;k,l;p’k,0v’;aoot7tfuF fh;pgoNv.omjuxjP,]Qowxfh;p75oxt3spf0v’;aoot7tfu 9tgxaodkolhk’oE.9,to5fltmeF 7;k,g,f8kxkou v6h,-6-;j pgs^nvg-y’j dao c]t daos^kp0BoD.

(5) rkdmu. I. ;aoot7tfurNog,nv’]k; [qfmu ! ;a o ot7tfu r N o g,n v ’]k;3fpla ’ g0[ !D 7;k,\kpF dkodegouf c]t dko0tspkp8q;0v’;aoot7tfu rNog,nv’]k;. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. !D!D 7;k,\kp0v’;a o ot7tfu r N o g,n v ’]k; ;aoot7tfurNog,nv’ c,jo;aoot7tfu]k;xtgrf|bj’ g-jy’c,joxt-k-qoz6hvvdcI’ ’ko]k;gxaoz6hxtfyfc8j’0Bofh;pxkdgxqjk c]t wfhg]qjkln[dao,kc8jltw\[6Iko9qog4y’ xaf95[ao,aowfhlvj ’cl’xkdqfdkome,t-kfF la’7q,F co;7yf9yf.9 c]t Iuf7v’xtgrou0v’ xt-k-qo]k;[aofkgzqkj D !D@D dkodegou f c]t dko0tspkp8q ; 0v’;a oot7tfu rN og,u v ’]k; ;aoot7tfuroN g,nv’]k;degoufgduf0Bo8A’ c8jdvj o[+mao,u8q;|a’ln]k;F xt-k-qoz6hvvd cI’’ko]k;wfhxtfyfc8j’9kdgsfdko0v’ me,t-kf c]t la’7q,mujrq;raoda[dkofe gouo-u;yf8q;9y’0v’g0qkg9QkD g[Nv’8Qo,uz| h6 ’jb c8j’0Bo s^n g;Qk0Boc]h;g]qkj lj6z6hvnoj 2a’ c]t z6mh wju fh2’a d=oegvqkwxg]qkj 8+xkddao9kdltw\ |b’j wxIvfltw\|b’j c]t lq’j 8+doa ,kg]NvpM 9qog4y’xaf95[aoD .og;]kg]qjk8+daooAoz6hmujoe gvqkwxg]qkj vkf,udkofafcx’c8j’8n,j .sh,oa fu 0Bod;jkgdqkj D. 1.

(6) ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. @D!D 7;k,le7a o 0v’;a o ot7tfu r N o g,n v ’]k; ;aoot7tfurNog,nv’]k;,u[qf[kfle7aopyj’8+dkodegouf c]t dko0tspkp8q;0v’ ;aoot7tfu0Po0v’]k;.oltw\djvod=7nxfa 95[oa D w]pt8Qo0v’ltw\vkok9ad]k;]hko-hk’F lklt|kr5fwfhczj0tspkpg0Qk,k]k;gIqkF ;aoot7tfu0Powfhdegoufgduf0BoF .ow]pt8Qoz6h0Powfhoegvqk[qfg]njv’F dk[dvo8jk’M9kd ;aoot7tfurNog,nv’]k;,k9qfdjkp c]t [aombdw;hg-yj’wfhdkpgxaogvdtlko.-h.odkolbdlk IOIPo.op5dltw\xaf95[oa D [qf;aoot7tfurNog,nv’]k; c,jo\kdzqocsj’dko7Qo7yfxtfyfc8j’c[[];,\j60v’xt -k-qoz6hvvdcI’’ko]k;[aofkgzqkj D xt-k-qoz6hvvdcI’’ko]k;[aofkgzqkj lj;os^kpc,jo -k;wIjokF dkofe]q’-u;fy 8yfraoda[me,t-kfF dkovvdcI’’ko,u]da ltotgvdtgmfdtc9d dt9kpgIafr=d,h5 dyorkp.o7v[7q;D [qf;aoot7tfurNog,nv’wfhljv’cl’;y4u-u;yf c]t co;7yf9yf8tlkf0v’xt-k-qo]k; [aofkgzqkj 1jk’g]ydg-y’j D fa’j oAoF ,ao9b’j ,u7;k,le7aomulj 5f8+da[dkofe]q’-u;yfF dko8+l6h8hkoda[ wrme,t-kf c]t la’7q,D. ສດິ. @D 7;k,le7aoF 75o7jk c]t 75oxt3spf0v’;aoot7tfurNog,nv’]k;. @D@D 75o7jk0v’;aootfurNog,nv’]k; ;aoot7tfurNog,nv’]k;,u75o7jkmk’fhkogoNv.o c]t ly]txtmufj ugfaoj mulj k,kflt|v’ 7;k,I6hfhkodkoxtfyfc8j’;aoot7tfu.shcdjr;dgIqkD ;aoot7tfurNog,nv’]k;,u75o7jklt|v’7;k,I6hmk’fhkoxts;aflkfD ;aoot7tfurNo g,nv’[+c,joxB,xts;aflkfc8jgxaogvdtlkole7ao.odko7Qo7;hkxts;aflkfdkog7nvj ows; fe]q’-u;yf0v’,to5fF 3fpltgrktc,joxts;af7;k,gxao,k0v’-kfF 0v’xt-k-qo[aofk gzqkj .o]k;D ovd9kdoU;aoot7tfurNog,nv’]k;pa’dkpgxaogvdtlko7Qo7;hkxts;aflkfcsj’dko degouf c]t dko0tspkp8q;0v’;aoot7tfucsj’-kfD ;aoot7tfurNog,nv’]k;,u75o7jklt|v’7;k,I6hdjP;da[7;k,v5fq,Iaj’,u c]t 7;k, l;p’k,0v’xtgmf-kf[hkog,nv’D gonvj ’9kd;jk[qf;aoot7tfuroN g,nv’wfhroa ]tokrk[me,t -kfg-aoj G r6zkxjkfq’F sh;poE]eg-DDD. 2.

(7) ;aoot7tfurNog,nv’,u75o7jklbdlkvq[Iq,co;7yf75olq,[afx5d]tfq,oE.9Iad-kfF pqd.shgsao7;k,Iadme,t-kfF Iad,to5fF Iad7;k,gxaome c]t 7Pf-a’ly’j muvj tmeF ,u7;k, f5\oja rkdrPo.odkovvdcI’’kogrnvj .sh,du kofe]q’-u;fy mufj 0u oB D ;aoot7tfurNog,nv’]k;,u75o7jkle]a[dkofe]q’-u;yfgrkt,aogxao8e]kIPocsj’ -u;yf0v’xt-k-qoD zjkodkofegouo-u;yf0v’xt-k-qoz6hvvdcI’’ko]k;F g0qkg9Qkwfhltlq, [qfIPo7;k,I6mh k’fhkome,t-kfF la’7q,F dkogru,j r6ozt]yfzqoF dkox6d/a’F ]hP’laf8ts^vf g4y’Iuf7v’xtgrou c]t ;y4u-u;yf0v’xt-k-qo]k;mujwfh9qfdjkp4jkpmvfw;h.o[qf;aoot7tfu rNog,nv’D. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. @D#D 75 o xt3spf0v’;a o ot7tfu r N o g,n v ’]k; I6[c[[dko0Pomk’fhkogoNv.o c]t ly]txt0v’;aoot7tfurNog,nv’,uxt3spf s^kp8+da[dko0Po;aoot7tfu.oxaf95[aoD dkoxtfyfc8j’;aoot7tfultw\xaf95[aog-ajoG dko xtfyfc8j’dvo]h;oc8jvkwls^da dkoF dkolezaf9kddk[dvorNog,nv’D ;aoot7tfurNog,nv’,uxt3spf8+dkorafmtokxtgmf-kfD 1kdrafmtokxtgmf -kf.sh\Ao7q’8hv’rafmtok[qorNo4ko;afmtotmeF ;aoot7tfurNog,nv’c,jorkdlj;o|bj’ mujle7ao0v’;afmtotme mujr;dgIqklk,kfoegvqk[qf;aoot7tfurNog,nv’oAo,koe.-h .oltw\xaf95[oa D ;aoot7tfurNog,nv’gxaol6ocsj’7;k,I6hs^kp0tc|’dkog-ajoG 8e]k1krNog,nv’F xaf-tpkF glf4tdyfF dqf\kpF la’7q,lkfDDD fa’j oAoF r;dgIqklk,kf4vf4vogvqk7;k,I69h kd ;aoot7tfu,koe.-h.shcmfg\ktda[ltrk[c;f]hv,mk’la’7q, c]t me,t-kfmujde]a’ xjPocx’wxD. #D xtgrf0v’;aoot7tfurNog,nv’]k; 3fpvu’.lj95fryglf.odkoxtfyfc8j’ c]t dko0tspkp8q;0v’;aoot7tfurNog,nv’ r;dgIqklk,kf9afc[j’;aoot7tfurNog,nv’]k;vvdgxao # xtgrf7nG xtgrf7eIhvpcdh;F Ihvpdv’ c]t dkoltcf’gmy’g;muD #D!D xtgrf7eIh v pcdh ; ;aoot7tfurNog,nv’xtgrf7eIhvpcdh; c,jog]nvj ’g]qkj rNog,nv’xtgrf|b’j g-y’j c,joxt -k-qoz6hvvdcI’’kogxaoz6hxtfyfc8j’0Bo fh;pdkorao]tokgsfdko c]t dkog7njvows; 0v’8q;]t7vogrnvj ljv’cl’;y4udkofe]q’-u;yfco;7yf9yf8tlkf0v’7qo]k;D 3.

(8) ;aoot7tfuxtgrfoUxtdv[,uG gm[oypkpF rNoln[F oymkovaflt9aoF oymko-;osq; c]t oymkolafD #D@D xtgrf7eIh v pdv’ ;aoot7tfuroN g,nv’xtgrf7eIhvpdv’ c,jo;aoot7tfuroN g,nv’]k;xtgrf|b’j g-y’j c,jo xt-k-qoz6vh vdcI’’kogxaoz6xh tfyfc8j’0Bo fh;pdk[dvo,udkolezafgdktdjkpdaoD ;aoot7tfurNog,nv’xtgrfoUxtdv[,uG 7e3v,F 7em;kpF 7el5rklyfF 7eztspkF 0a[]e c]t g-U’D. ສດິ. #D#D xtgrfdkoltcf’gmy ’ g;mu dkoltcf’gmy’g;mu c,jo;aoot7tfurNog,nv’xtgrf|b’j g-y’j xt-k-qoz6hvvdcI’’ko ]k;gxaoz6hxtfyfc8j’0Bofh;p;ymuoegvqk[qfg]nvj ’ c]t dk[dvorNog,nv’,kxtlq,da[ly]txt gmy’g;mug-aoj G cl’F luF lP’ c]t mjkmudy]ypk0v’8q;]t7vo c]h;ltcf’8k,lt4komu8j kj ’MD ;aoot7tfuxtgrfoU,uG ]eg]njv’F ]t7vodhv,F ]t7vog;QkF ]t7vo85ddt8kF ]t7vo.[hF ]t7vogr’ c]t vnoj MD. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. lts^5[];,. ;aoot7tfuurNog,nv’]k;,u75o7jk1jk’,tsklkomk’fhko;afmtotmexP[g\nvodhvo 7e;yglf g-y’j c,jo[aort[5]f5 ltw\djvolhk’w;h.shr;dgIqkF r;dgIqk7qoI5oj s^’a z6lh [n mvfrk]tdyf fa’j djk; 7;orkdr6,.9F gvqk.9.lj7oQ 7;hkIjeIPogvqkly’j mufj ’u k, c]t xqdxadIadlk,6o,a’,=]tfqd vao]E7jk0v’-kfgIqkw;h.shpnopq’8ts^vfwxD. 7e4k, c]t [qfg/ydsaf !D ;aoot7tfurNog,nv’]k;,u7;k,\kpF dkodegouf c]t dko0tspkp8q;co;.fL @D ;aoot7tfurNog,nv’]k;,u7;k,le7aoF ,u75o7jk c]t 75oxt3spfco;.fL #D ;aoot7tfurNog,nv’]k;,u9adxtgrfL 7nxtgrf.fcfjL 9q’j vtmy[kpc8j]txtgrfL. 4.

(9) [qfmu @ 7em;kp !D 7;k,\kpF dkodegouf c]t dko0tspkp8q;0v’7em;kp !D!D 7;k,\kp0v’7em;kp 7em;kp c,jodk[dvorNog,nv’xtgrf|b’j g-y’j gduf,k9kddkovvdcI’’ko0v’7qo c8jltw\[6IkoD -k;[6Ikowfhla’gdfm5dlyj’m5d1jk’mju1j6vhv,0hk’0v’g0qkg9Qkg-ajoG ;af45 g7nvj ’.-hF laflk;kly’j F 8Qow,h.[sphk8ts^vfg4y’vtw;pt;t8jk’M0v’7qogIqkc]h;d=oegvqk,k m;kpdaoF 3fp.-hdkoxP[mP[ s^n g;Qkc[[g-njv’[a’7;k,\kp grnjv.shzh64ndm;kp7Qo7yf c]h;8v[7em;kpfa’j djk;D .spjg8a,38g0Qks=zklkf padd5,raocdj7=wx0hk c,jospa’L. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. pk,pa’ohvpgxaopad303o \qf-kfc]h;0Bog,nv’lts;ao. ສດິ. 8q;1jk’G. /ads^vd X38,hvog0qkh Ia’? 5.

(10) 7;k,\kpG pk,pa’ohvpgxaopad303o .spjg8a,38g0qhks=zklkf \qf-kfc]h;0Bog,nv’lts;ao padd5,raocdj7=wx0hk. G G G G. c,jo38,hvo c,jo38fadcfhg0qkh 1j.6 o/ads^vd c,jo38fadcfhg0qkh 1j.6 o/ads^vd[+wfhpoy spa’D c,jo7qolk;w\. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. 7em;kp-j;p.sh7oq gIqk,u7;k,lts^kf0BoF 7Qo7yfs^kp0Bogrnvj -vdsk7e8v[.sh4dn 8hv’F rhv,daooAozhc6 8j’7em;kpd=rtpkpk,7Qo7yf-vdsk7em;kp.\jvvd,kg]NvpMD. dkolk;w\. 6.

(11) !D@D dkodegou f c]t dko0tspkp8q ; 0v’7em;kp 7em;kpdegoufgduf,k9kddkovvdcI’’ko0v’7qogIqkc8jltw\[6IkoD 7qogIqk g]u,j -vdIh6xkdqfdko8q;9y’ c]t -vd;ymu8=lj h6grnvj gvqk-totme,t-kfD ltoAoF dko0tspkp 8q;0v’7em;kp9b’j 8yfraolt|yfc|hoda[me,t-kf c]t ltrk[c;f]hv,0v’7qogIqkD g,nvj -u;yffhkoglf4tdyf c]t la’7q,,udkorafmtok0BoF ltrk[c;f]hv,0v’7qod=,udkoxjPo cx’wxoe rk.shgoNv.o0v’7em;kpd=saoxjPo c]t 0tspkp8q;wx1jk’[+15f1ah’D. @D goNv.o0v’7em;kp. dqdr=de ]er=dvf pvffexyd. c,joc7j’ X0=hc7j’? c,jo]e7u’ Xg]qk7u’? c,jozq, Xsq;?. 7. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. 7;k,\kpG. ສດິ. @D!D 7em;kpmujg;Qkg4y’7qo c]t laf 7qo c]t lafgxaogxqhk\kp0v’zh6c8j’7em;kpmu-j vdsk,km;kpcdh8v[daoF grkt;jk zjkodkola’gdf9tgsao;jk7qoxtdv[,uvtw;pt;ts^kprkdlj;oF grnvj 1kd.sh9yfleobddegouf 0Bog0qkg9qkh 9b'j 8A’7em;kpfa’j oUG dqdr=de]er=dvf pvffexyd c,jospa’L.

(12) ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. 7em;kpdjP;da[laflk;kly’j d=,1u kj ’s^;’s^kpF g-y’j zhc6 8j’,adxP[mP[]ts;jk’lafxtgrf oUda[lafxtgrfvnoj sn^ xP[mP[.lj7qoD ovd9kdoAozh6c8j’7em;kpg;qhkg4y’lafd=,ad9tpqdgvqk dkog7nvj ows; s^n I6[Ijk’0v’laf,kg;qhkc[[g-nvj ’lQog-aoj G { gsâd-ucf’cm’8t/a’j c,jospa’L X0UdtgfnvoF vjPo? { -UofuM/a’s^kpxu[+goqkj c,jospa’L XvQo? { rt]nluohvp9elyo16.j o4E/qo[+Ie9adgmnvj c,jospa’L X9u]j +? { 38spa’[+,uwlhI6hdyo7qoL Xmkd s^n xu’? { 38spa’gduf,k,u|;f,krhv,L Xc,;? { 38spa’wx.lsk,gInvowxrhv,L XsvpF g8qkj F xk/k?. ສດິ. z6hm;kppqdgvqkI6[Ijk’vao];, c]t ]adltotltgrktc8j]trkdlj;o.oIjk’dkp ,km;kpdaog-aoj G { ]a[xa[m+s+gdnv g,nvg,nv’.fd=Ivfc,jospa’L X8uo? { \6mvdg0qhk7vdgsâd c]t |v’ohvpMdtf6dg8a,vafc,jospa’L X]UoF c0h;? { g;]kIj5’c]jo16dj tc1t dtc1t 7je,kcxtg0qhkdaoc,jospa’L X8k? { lv’dt[ah’8jk;I6]q’]5,j oE-5,j ]QowsôAo[+,uc,jospa’L Xfa’?. 8.

(13) ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. @D@D 7em;kpg;qhkg4y’rbdlk-kf c]t g7njv’.-h rbdlk-kf c]t g7njv’.-hlvp8jk’Mgxaolyj’mju8yfrao1jk’lt|yfc|hoda[7qos^kpmjul5fD g;qhkg4y’rbdlk-kf9t,u0v[g0fd;hk’0;k’F c8j7em;kpmjupqd0Bo,kljv’cl’lj;os^kp 9tc,jorbdlk-kfmjIu [a .-h-;u fy 0v’7qogIqk s^n .odkogru,j r6ozt]yfzqoF g-y’j ]h;oc8jc,joly’j mj7u oq gIqkwfhIw6h fhgsao,kc]h;D s^’a 9kdoAo-k;[6Ikozh,6 ru volts;ao.odkoxtfyfc8j’ c]t ,ad7;k, ,j;o-noj g[ud[ko9b’j 7Qo7yfsk;ymcu 8j’7em;kp.shzv6h ojn cdhF [+;kj 9tc,jopk,radzjvo s^n pk,vvd cI’’koD ltoAoF 9b’j ,u7em;kpdjP;da[rbdlk-kf c]t g7nvj ’.-h0v’lvp1jk’s^;’s^kpD. 9.

(14) 8q;1jk’G wdjc,jcf’ovoltc7’1j6xkpw,hc,jospa’L Xxudh;p? wdjc,j]kpovo8kp1j6c7,Iqh;c,jospa’L X\kdoaf? g8QkoEohvp shvp1j6xkpsâd 8add=g8a, [+8add=g8a,c,jospa’L X\kdrhk;? [adohvpM sad0uU/vpIv’oa’j c,jospa’L Xsq;zad[q;j F zadmP,? l6’]u]k [+,u8k9ad0=hc,jospa’L X8Qodh;p? 8jev=hx=h ,u0=hl6j8kc,jospa’L X\kdoaf? \6c,j,ko 7ko]q’oEc,jospa’L Xw-skxk? [adohvpM rkpgInv]vfr5,j c,jospa’L Xdtl;p8jes6d? 38spa’[+,u0qoIh6gdnvd[;dL X[j;’? vu,j t]5’r5’rQ; zq;[+,ugs^nv8kpc8j]6d4ucj ,jospa’L Xcs?. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. @D#D 7em;kpmu j g ;q h k g4y ’ dkovvdcI’’ko -k;[6Ikofe]q’-u;yffh;pdkovvdcI’’kogru,j r6ozt]yfzqoD ltoAoF g0qkg9Qk9b’j xtfyf c8j’7em;kp grnjv39f4k,cdhdao.opk,radzjvo s^n .opk,vvdcI’’koF grnjv7;k, ,j;o-noj .shs^q’]n,7;k,vyfg,nvj pwxlj;o.flj;osob’j D 7em;kpmjug;qhkg4y’dkovvdcI’’kod=c,jowfh,k9kddkola’gdfg7njv’,nF I6[rk[ 0v’dkovvdcI’’ko3fpgvqkg7nvj ’,nu s^n I6[rk[,kxP[mP[da[ly’j .fly’j |b’j mjgu sao;jk7hkp7ndoa grnvj g-nvj ’-hvo7e8v[gvqkw;hg-aoj G { c,j,aoIhv’dqdM ]6d,ao8qdp;jkM c,jospa’L X2aow,h? { c,j,aoIhv’vjuM ]6d,aoruvAo]Aoc,jospa’L Xg0ao/hkp? { zu[hkwxdjvo s6|;d1j6dk’ 8k2k’oedQoc,jospa’L zu[hkwxdjvo X7;kp? s6|;d1j6dk’ Xw4? 8k2k’oedqho X7qo? G 7qow4ok. ສດິ. { { { { { { { { { {. 10.

(15) ສດິ. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. 7em;kpfa’j djk;ltcf’.shgsao;jk m5dM7em;kpmju8A’0Bogrnvj m;kpdao]h;oc8jdegouf ,k9kd8q;9y’rk;t;ywlD phvo;jkpk,.f7em;kpd=v’u .lj8;q 9y’0v’dkog7nvj ows; c]t \kdzqo csj’dkovvdcI’’koF g4y’;jk[k’7em;kp,u]adltotg;Qk3pdd=8k,F c8jlyj’oAorP’c8j gxaoI6[dkoxtfyfc8j’0v’7em;kpgmqkj oAoF grnvj gIaf.shz46h dn m;kp,udko7Qo7yf c]t xP[mP[ grnvj cdh[oa sk 7nf’ja wfhltg|u,kc]h;7em;kp4vf4vo,k9kd[qfIPo8q;9y’djP;da[7qoF laf c]t ;af45ly’j 0v’vnoj MD ltoAoF g,nvj 7qogIqkskd,usq;7yfxtfyflhk’ zt]yf;af45vao.\j0Bo s^n ,uxkdqf dkovao.\jdegoufgduf0BoF 7em;kpd=9tgduf0Bo8k,;af45gs^kjq oAog]NvpMwxD g,nvj la’7q,,u7;k,dhk;|hk0tspkp8q; ;ymtpklkfoa[,Noa[lu;yw]0BoF cojovo ;af45ly’j 0v’vao.\jd=9tdegoufgduf0BoD 7qogIqkd=wfhgvqk;af45gs^qkj oAo,kxP[mP[c]h;8A’gxao7em;kp .\j0oB grnvj m;kp4k,dao8+wxD. 8q;1jk’G { {. x6]6lh;ps^kpxu [+w0dk[ gdufrjerhv,rtg9qhk xk’oAoc8j’,kc,jospa’L Xrtmkf sn^ rtg9fu? rt]nlu146j E /qo[+Ie9adgmnvj cffdhkMgfnvoshk9b'j 7jvpIec,jospa’L Xrtr5fmtI6[? 11.

(16) ,udqd [+,uIkd ,u\kd [+,u.[ ,uc8jg7nvmk;wxmq;j cfofyofhk; c,jospa’L XglqkF lkp F fvdw22hk?D. rtmkfs^;’;P’9ao. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. {. #D ly]txtdkoc8j’ #D!D dko.-h l a [ rklk ly]txtdkoc8j’7em;kpF g,nvj xP[mP[.ljdkoxtfyfc8j’;aoot7tfuroN g,nv’xtgrfvnoj M gsao;jk 7em;kp,u0=h7;k,lAoF dtmafIafc8j,ugoNv.o7q[4h;oD. 8q;1jk’G vu,j t]5’r5’rqh; zq;[+,ugs^nv8kpc8j]6d4juc,jospa’L Xcs?D zjko8q;1jk’fa’j djk;gsao;jk 7em;kp,urP’c8jlv’;admjulezafdao7nG ]ts;jk’ <rqh;< da[ <zq;<D ,u7em;kp[k’7epk;[+Ivflv’;ad-ED c8jgoNv.o,u7;k,|kp7q[4h;o c]t ,ul[a leo;o 12.

(17) rklkmu,j ,u t3ork[l6’F dtmafIafF g0Qk.9’jkpF 7eg;Qk c]t la[mu.j -h.o7em;kp,u7;k,\kpzyf zhPo9kd7;k,\kpvaocmh9’y 0v’7em;kpoAog-aoj G -5dM oEvvd vhkxkd0Bo. pvdM oE,k 8kgs^vn d,hko c,jospa’L X7qo46c0h;?. #D@D I6 [ c[[dkoxtfy f c8j ’ ,usk^ pI6[c[[7nG c[[xP[mP[F c[[vu’.lj9f5 ryglfF c[[.-h7e4k,3fpdq’ c]t c[[xYo 7;k,g;QkD { c[[xP[mP[\kp7;k,;jk m;kpc[[oU c8jrafwxcdhco;vnoj D. 8q;1jk’G. ສດິ. gsâd-ucf’ cm’8t/a’j c,jospa’L XvjPoF 0Udtgfnvo?. 8q;1jk’G [+,uwlh I6hdyo7qo c,jospa’L Xxy’F mkd? [+,u0qoI6h gdnvd[;d c,jospa’L X[j;’? { c[[.-h7e4k,3fpdq’ 8q ; 1j k ’G cs^,d;jk,ufc,jospa’L Xxaopk? l6’d;jk2hkc,jospa’L X|hkzkd?. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. { c[[vu’.lj95fryglf.odkoxtdv[lhk’0v’7qoF laf c]t ;af45ly’j 0v’vnoj M,k8A’gxao 7em;kpD. { ;ymum;kpc[[xYo7;k,g;Qk grnvj mqflv[7;k,w;0v’dko7Qo7yfD 8q ; 1j k ’G g8Qkoqd05,c,jospa’L X85h,oqdg0qk? dk]q’r6 dk1vdc,jospa’L Xdvd1k?. 13.

(18) g;qhk];,c]h; ;kf0v’dkoc8j’7em;kp[+wfhdeoqf;jk8hv’c,jo7edvo s^n gxao7eg;Qk me,tfkF c8jlj;os^kpc,joc8j’gxao7edvomju,udkolezafgdktdjkpdaofulq,7;oD g4y’;jk 9tc8j’gxao7eg;Qkme,tfkd=]h;oc8j,udkog-njv’[a’7;k,\kp0v’,aoF zh6m;kp[k’gmjnv d=g;qkh zhPo9kd7;k,\kpgfu,1jl6 tg\u grnvj .shzc6h dh,du ko7qoh 7yf.odkocdh7em;kpD dkoxtfyf c8j’fa’j djk;c,joI6[dko sn^ ;ymuxtfyfc8j’7em;kprNog,nv’]k;D. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. 7em;kp c,jo;aoot7tfurNog,nv’xtgrf|bj’muj,ugoNv.oljv’cl’1jk’Iv[fhko c]t d;hk’0;k’F 8Qo8=c,jog;qkh g4y’;af45l’jy 0v’F 7qo c]t laf rhv,ma’dkog7nvj ows;0v’7qo.ola’7q,D m5dMI6[rk[ c]t xkdqfdko8jk’Mwfhroa ]tokfh;pI6[dkog-nvj ’[a’vao7;k,9y’ sn^ g;qkh 1jk’|b’j ,aog\nvoda[dqfgdo;ymtpklkf.odkog[y’j [aoskfh;pdkodt8;’D phvo7;k,v5fq,Ia’j ,umk’fhkogoNv.o c]t ly]txt7em;kp9b’j gxaovkskomk’.9mjufu.sh cdjxt-k-qozh6vvdcI’’ko1jk’s^;’s^kpD .og;]kvvdcI’’ko sn^ g;]kradzjvoF xt-k-qo zh6vvdcI’’kog7uppqdgvqk7em;kp8jk’M0Bo,k39fm;kpcdhdaofh;p7;k,g[ud[ko,j;o-noj grnjvgIaf.sh[aopkdkf.odkovvdcI’’kogruj,7;k,shk;sao c]t ,j;o-njorhv,ma’g/yd cv[.shg0qkg9qkh ,u7;k,lts^kf ;jv’w;.odko7Qo7yfF lq,mP[ c]t 8u]k7k[aoskwfh1kj ’ 4nd8hv’ c]t Iv[fhkoD fa’j oAoF 7em;kp9b’j dkpgxao;aoot7tfuxtgrf|b’j mjule7ao1j6.o;aoot7tfurNo g,nv’xtgrfdk[dvoD 7em;kpwfhxtdv[lj;ovao.spjs^;’gIaf.sh7a’lk’;aoot7tfurNog,nv’ 0v’-kf,a’j 7a’j lq,[6opy’j 0BoD ,kg4y’xaf95[oa oU 7em;kppa’,u7;k,le7aos^kple]a[xt-k-qo[aofkgzqkj D ltoAoF pk,.f xt-k-qogIqkd=rvh ,daoxqdxadIadlk c]t glu,0tspkp.sh,oa fu0oB g]NvpM vaork.sh7em;kpln[ 8+0tspkp8q;9qogmqjkm5d;aooU c]t wfhdkpgxao;aoot7tfuxtgrf|jb’mjule7ao.o;aoot7tfu rNog,nv’ltw\.\j0v’r;dgIqkD. ສດິ. lts^5[];,. 14.

(19) cdh7em;kp.o[qfvjkogru,. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. !D lv’38]u’-u’daowxdjvo c,jo 8uoD @D ohvpMm+/k,nrnwxmq;j mq’j d;hk’ c,jo 8kg;aoD #D l6’dj;k2hk c,jo |hkzkdD $D z6hgsao[+gvqk c,jo8kD &D z6hgvqk[+dyo c,jo,nD *D z6hdyo[+0U c,joxkdD (D z6h0U[+g\ao c,joj dQoD )D ohvpvv’cv’cv;djy;c,’wp]q’0Ao.fgvqksq;]q’djvo c,jo\kD _D 38spa’85ph ru f5ffyod=wfh sk’lAodyffyf Ihv’fa’v6fvuf dyovju,c]h;ovo.o7vd0v’,ao c,jo \6D. !WD gInvoglqkfP;,uluj closhv’ c8j]tshv’,uz6hg/QkgInvo c,joIa’gzy’Ia’8+D !!D [+,u8uoIh06 Bozk c,jo’6D [+,u8kIh60Bow,h c,jog7nvg0qkD [+,uwlhIh6dyo7qo c,joxu’F mkdD [+,u0qoIh6gdnvd[;d c,jo[j;’D !@D pk,pa’ohvpo5’j glnhvpk; .spjgxaolk;oj5’glnhvlAo g,nvj g4qhk,kraafo5’j glNvlugs^nv’ c,jo \kdg0nvD 15.

(20) ສດິ. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. !#D dqds;kp xkpg-nvd c,jo7no Xshk’gvqkoqd?D !$D [adohvpMo5’j glNv]kpxad ]addyo0v’vkfpkd=wfh c,joc,’;aoD !&D dq’j 37h’3oh’ 0hk,mq’j lk,clo c,joI5’dyooED !*D dqd,ao1j6fyofkd Ikd,ao1j6fyorP’ .[,aoxqo1j6oe-P’lyd.\j c,jo.[]koD !(D dqd,ao1j62kdoU xkp,ao-U2kdoAo c,jo7aog[afD !)D dqd,ao8kpxkp,ao8kd \kd,aowfhlu-j hkshkclo c,jodqd\kd7=hD. 16.

(21) ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. @@D dqd,aom+]emPo \kd,ao]Pooedhko c,joI;’g0QkD @#D dyo2kdoU wx0U2kdoAo c,jos^kvY;/hkpD @$D dyoc8jwlh gvqk|a’w;hgIafco; c,jo8y[g0QkD @&D dyomk’ovdxvdmk’.o4Y, c,jo.8wdjD @*D l5d[+s;ko c,jo\kdgzafD @(D l5dg8a,fyogda[dyo[+wfh c,jocl’cffD @)D luxj udpyo[yo8qd sqd0kg8Aomtpkowxgfktfjv’ c,jo8addtc8oD. ສດິ. !_D dqd,ao.spjm+gInv .[,aodyoda[gdnvd=wfh c,jo.[\kd0k,D @WD dqd,aom+]emPo .[,aom+dt[Po |kd,ao]Po-k[]k[ c,jo8Qo[q;F fvd[q;D @!D dqdcf’xkpcs^h c,jo7;aow2D. 17.

(22) ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. @_D lu7j qosk, lk,7qo;u lv’7qo4nsvd z6h|b’j -vdskdyo c,jo-hk’ Xlu0j k lv’s6 |b’j sk’?D #WD lusj 6 lu0j kskdyodk’oE c,jodtf5h’D #!D lugj lqkmv’ lv’glqkgsâd g[Nv’|b’j gda[zad g[Nv’|b’j d;ad-6h c,jo7;kpD. #@D lt3]d3’d lt]kd’kd dqd,aoskd,u0qo c,jog0qk7;kpD ##D lh;p7n.[r6 ,uI616mj k’dk’ ,u0qospk[sphk’ c,jos67;kpD #$D lu8j yo8ah’m=]toug1kt1jv’ vhkxkd0Bogmy’2hkdyoxk c,jo0hv’.ljxkD #&D la[ruc,jospa’ c,jowdj8vfvn’D #*D lv’z6hg4Qk]P[g]Qk[+gsaodao c,jo.[s6D #(D lv’vao38j’38hp16sj ;jk’0kz6hpy’,ad c,jow,h8uo1P[s6dD #)D ly[0k,ulv’8k160j hk’ c,jo38dtx6D. 18.

(23) ສດິ. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. #_D pk,|5,j ohvpo5’j glnhv]kp pk,Ik,o5’j glNvcs^h g4Qk,kcmhMo5’j glNvlugs^nv’ c,jo \kdvbD $WD pk,IhvoovofP; pk,|k;gxaoljP;da[7qo c,jozhksq,j D $!D py’lk,7qozhk7Posq;znofP; c,jo7P’ Xle]a[\B’g0Qk?D $@D py’[+[kp-kp[+8hv’pk,|k;r;druoj hv’oa’j vvh,0k’,n c,jodv’w2D $#D xkd7k[w2 wlh95,j oE c,jo8tdP’w8hD $$D xkdcf’dQo-5,j c,jodvd1kD $&D xqfd=0hv’[+xqfd=0hv’ c,jo0hv’.ljxkD $*D ,u]Uo[+,uxkd c,jo]Uo-ad38tD $(D 0P;ltv5,gxao25,j ltws; [+,uIkd[+,u.[ vkwl16.j ooE c,jogmqkD $)D 7;kpc,jdhkdyosphkvhv,3ro c,jo,uf8afzq,D $_D 7ao[+7aod=gdqk g0Qk[+g0Qk7eg[y’j c,jo/qorhkD &WD 7ao[+gdqk c,jo7aow4F 7aookD &!D 7qolk,closk[cdow,hf6j c,jo[Q’dnD &@D 7qo8qddhklk,8kvvd]6d8k|b’j c,jo\kdrhk;vvd\+D &#D 76]j 6h|hk sq;dq,gvyd[jv’ ,ao-ywxdjkpmhv’ok’s^^hkz6h.f c,jow,hderAoD. 19.

(24) ສດິ. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. &$D 9a[0k’hk’gvqkcf’M1af.lj c,jo,ufltokdD &&D -ncj ,jolaf 38c,jow,h gvqkdt3xt’;esq;0ufj uxko,hk c,jodt8jkp06f\kdrhk;D &*D -hk’lk,0krtpk0Bo0uj xuuoj hvpgl[oe c,jodhvoglQkF \=h\bh’g0QkF s;fg0QkD &(D -hk’0Bor6ra[s6;k[M c,jo2n, Xg;]k7qo8Os6d?D &)D -hk’16xj kj ’kgzqk c,jog’qkzkD &_D -hk’16xj kj ’k0k; lk;1j6ok]Po8Qo c,jo\+w,hF 8Qog0QkD *WD -qd’qd7nsq;,hk wx7hk[+gsaoIvp c,jogInvD *!D -qd’qdljefhk,rhk sphkxq’j g8a,dqd c,jog0qk7;kpD *@D fexko\uu ,u8kmq;j 38 vvd]6dmk’8uo c,jocsD *#D fe7n\u csj’8u csj’daf c,jolu;j D *$D fe7n\u 8udqhoxkddaf c,jolu;j D *&D fa’w2.lj9v,zk 8qd]q’2qf1j6.ooE c,jo[A’l6[1kD **D fvddhkodq, c,jofvdzad[q;j D *(D fvd,aogdufdjvo8Qo 8Qogduf]5osâ’ 8Qo,ao,=]toa’8kpfvdg-up-vo8Qo c,jofvddqddt[5dD. 20.

(25) 7e4k, c]t [qfg/ydsaf. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. !D 7em;kp c,jo;aoot7tfurNog,nv’co;.fL @D 9q’j [vd7;k,\kpF dkodegouf c]t dko0tspkp8q;0v’7em;kpL #D 7em;kpmugj ;qhkg4y’7qo c]t laf,ugoNv.o7nco;.fL 9q’j pqd8q;1jk’D $D 7em;kpmugj ;qhkg4y’rbdlk-kf c]t g7nvj ’.-h,ugoNv.o7nco;.fL 9q’j pqd8q;1jk’D &D 7em;kpg;qhkg4y’dkovvdcI’’ko,ugoNv.o7nco;.fL 9q’j pqd8q;1jk’D *D ly]txtdkoc8j’7em;kp,uco;.fcfjL (D 9q’j vjko7em;kp]5,j oUc]h;-vdsk7e8v[mju4nd8hv’G { ]kpM 7nda[cdh cxM 7n.[w,h gvqkg-nvdz6dwlhgda[w;h16sj =c,jospa’L { |hk8jk’,u/kvaffuc,jospa’L { v5h,]h5,m+w0jgxafg9af7qodyo[+\qfc,jospa’L { oqdsk’fjk’skdyooeg8qkw2c,jospa’L )D .shvkj o c]t -vd7e8v[7em;kp.o[qfvjkogrju,D. 21.

(26) ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. !D lv’38]u’-u’daowxdjvoc,jospa’L @D ohvpMm+/k,n rnwxmq;j mq’j d;hk’c,jospa’L #D zh6gsao[+gvqk zh6gvqk[+dyoc,jospa’L $D zh6dyo[+0U zh60U[+g\aoc,jospa’L &D l6’d;jk2hkc,jospa’L *D ohvpvjv’cvh’cv;dy;j c,’wp]q’0Aowfgvqksq;]q’djvoc,jospa’L (D gInvoglqkfP;,ulcuj loshv’ c8j]tshv’,uzh6g/QkgInvoc,jospa’L )D [+,u8uoIh60Bozk [+,u8kIh60Bow,h [+,uwlhIh6dyo7qo [+,u0qoIh6gdnvd[;dc,josap’L _D pk,pa’ohvp o5’j glnvh pk; .spjgxaolk;oj’5 glnvh lAo g,nvj g4qkh ,ko5’j glNvlugs^vn ’c,jospa’L !WD dqds;kpxkpg-nvdc,jospa’L !!D [adohvpMo5’j glNv]kpxad ]addyo0v’vkfpkd=wfhc,jospa’L !@D dq’j 37h’3oh’ 0hk,mq’j lk,cloc,josap’L !#D dqd,ao1j6fyofkd Ikd,ao1j6fyorP’ .[,aoxqo1j6oe-P’lyd.\jc,jospa’L !$D dqd,ao1j62kdoU xkp,ao-U2kdoAoc,jospa’L !&D dqd,ao8kp xkp,ao8kd \kd,aowfhlu-j hkshkcloc,jospa’L !*D dqd,ao.spjm+gInv .[,aodyoda[gdnvd=wfh c,jospa’L !(D dqd,aom+]emPo .[,aom+dt[Po \kd,ao]Po-k[]k[c,jospa’L !)D dqdcf’xkpcs^hc,jospa’L !_D dqd,aom+]emPo \kd,ao]Pooedhkoc,jospa’L @WD dyo2kdoU wx0U2kdoAoc,jospa’L @!D dyoc8jwlh gvqk|a’w;hgIafco;c,jospa’L @@D dyomk’ovdxvdmk’.o4Y,c,jospa’L @#D l5d[+s;koc,jospa’L @$D l5dg8a,fyogda[dyo[+wfhc,jospa’L @&D luxj ud[yo8qd sqd0kg8Aomtpkowxgfktfjv’c,jospa’L @*D lu7j qosk, lk,7qo;u lv’7qo4nsvd z6h|b’j -vdskdyoc,jospa’L. ສດິ. [q f vj k ogru j , 7em;kp. 22.

(27) ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. @(D lusj 6 lu0j kskdyodk’oEc,jospa’L @)D lugj lqkmv’ lv’glqkgsâd g[Nv’|b’j gda[zad g[Nv’|b’j d;ad-6hc,jospa’L @_D lu8j uo8ha’m=]toug1kt1jv’ vhkxkd0Bogmy’2hkdyoxkc,jospa’L #WD lt3]d3’dlt]kd’kd dqd,aoskd,u0qoc,jospa’L #!D lh;p7n.[r6 ,uI616mj k’dk’ ,u0qospk[sphk’c,jospa’L #@D la[ru c,jospa’L ##D lv’z6gh 4Qk[a’g]Qk[+gsaodaoc,jospa’L #$D lv’vao38j’38hpshvp16sj ;jk’0kz6hpy’,adc,jospa’L #&D ly[0k,ulv’8k16h0hk’ c,jospa’ L #*D pk,|5,j ohvpo5’j glnvh ]kp pk,Ik,o5’j glNvcs^h g4Qk,kcmhMo5’j glNvlugs^vn ’c,jospa’L #(D pk,IhvoovofP; pk,|k;gxaoljP;da[7qoc,jospa’L #)D py’lk,7qozhk7Posq;znofP;c,jospa’L #_D py’[+[kp -kp[+8hv’ pk,|k;r;druoj hv’oa’j vhv,0k’,n c,jospa’L $WD xkd7k[w2wlh95,j oE c,jospa’L $!D xkdcf’dQo-5,j c,jospa’L $@D xqfd=0hv’[+xqfd=0hv’ c,jospa’L $#D ,u]Uo[+,uxkd c,jospa’L $$D 0P;ltv5h,gxaor5,j ltws; [+,uIkd[+,u.p vkwl16.j ooEc,jospa’L $&D 7;kpc,jdhkdyosphkvvh,3roc,jospa’L $*D 7ao[+7aod=gdqk g0Qk[+g0Qk7eg[y’j c,jospa’L $(D 7ao[+gdqkc,jospa’L $)D 7qolk,closk[cdow,hfc6j ,jospa’L &_D 7qo8qddhklk,8kvvd]6d8k|b’j c,jospa’L &WD 76]j 6h|hksq;dq,gvyd[jv’ ,ao-ywxdkpmhv’ok’s^hkz6h.fc,jospa’L &!D 9a[0k’hk’ gvqk0v’cf’paf.lj c,jospa’L &@D -ncj ,jolaf38c,jow,h gvqkdt3xt’;=ksq;0ufj uxko,hkc,jospa’L &#D -hk’lk,0krtpk0Bo0uj xuuoj hvpgl[oec,jospa’L &$D -hk’0Bor6ra[s6;k[Mc,jospa’L &&D -hk’16xj kj ’kgzqkc,jospa’L &*D -hk’16xj kj ’k0k; lk;1j6ok]Po8Qoc,jospa’L 23.

(28) ສດິ. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. &(D -qd’qd7nsq;,hk wx7hk[+gsaoIvpc,jospa’L &)D -qd’qdljefhk,rhk sphkxq’j g8a,dqdc,jospa’L *_D fexko\u ,u8kmq;j 38 vvd]6dmk’8uoc,jospa’L *WD fe7n\u cIj’8u cIj’dafc,jospa’L *!D fe7n\u 8udqhoxkddafc,jospa’L *@D fa’w2.lj9v,zk 8qd]q’2qf1j6.ooEc,jospa’L *#D fvddhkodq, c,jospa’L *$D fvd,aogdufdjvo8Qo 8Qogduf]5osâ’ 8Qo,ao,=]toa’8kp fvdg-up-vo8Qoc,jospa’L *&D fvdgxaorQ; c,jospa’L **D fvdgxaog[Apc,jospa’L *(D fvd|b’j oAo [ko1j6c7,gInvo /6’laflkm5d38dq;1hko c,jospa’L *)D fvd|b’j [ko.o4E lv’8uo1ao76hg0qkj c,jospa’L *_D fvd|b’j [ko.o4E /qo8qdIexu]tgmnvj c,jospa’L (WD fvd|b’j [kogs^nv’cs^h crhc;h16jdhv’’jkc,jospa’L (!D [kf,aowx pk;wfhlv’lk,wIjok [kfda[,kr=dec,jospa’L (@D [kf,aowxr=;k [kf,ao,kr=dec,jospa’L (#D [kf,aowxm+.Ijok [kf,ao,kmj=dhvoglqhkc,jospa’L ($D [ad0h6s^h6 -h6]h6g0qhks;jk’0kc,jospa’L (&D [adsq;3]ho 38ooEc8jgfydc,jospa’L (*D [ad3vj’3]j’ ]q’oE[+9q,c,jospa’L ((D [adohvp gvqk,n8h;pdQoc,jospa’L ()D [adohvpM 4ncrcf’]vfdhv’8t]jk’c,jospa’ (_D [adohvpM 4ncrcf’]vfxjv’c,jospa’L )WD [adohvpM ovos’kplaoj xud gvqk8uo7E2hkc,jospa’L )!D [adohvpM ovog\[ -aosq;g0qkj c,jospa’L )@D [adsâ’dq’j dyosphk\qfmq’j c,jospa’L )#D [af1no0BorP’8t/a’j [afoa’j ]q’rP’dv’0U7;kpc,jospa’L )$D [+,udqd ,uc8j.[c,jospa’L )&D [+,udqd [+,uIkd [+,u\kd ,uc8j.[c,jospa’L )*D [+,udqd [+,uIkd [+,u\kd [+,u.[ ,uc8jg7nv-vow] w8jwx8k,7hk’c,jospa’L 24.

(29) ສດິ. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. )(D [+,usq; [+,usk’ mk’dk’7k[gspnvj c,jospa’L )(D [q;[+,uoE ,u\k,vhv,1j6c,jospa’L ))D zh6py’wxdkp zh6-kpwxgfqhk g0qhk[+g0qhk gvqk,n]6[,n7ec,jospa’L )_D zh616xj kj lkodt8jk]kpM c,jospa’L _WD zh6hwxdjvo4k’mk’ zh616dj k’’hk’xq;t zh6oedQo[+wshd=7k’c,jospa’L _!D zh6gxaovhkpoa’j ]5,j zh6gxaoohv’oa’j gmy’c,jospa’L _@D zh6gIaf[+.-h zh6.-h[+Ih6c,jospa’L _#D zh6.spjwxxad|hvp gfadohvpwxxads^kp c,jospa’L _$D zh61o6j kxAo4h;pc,jospa’L _&D 1no1j6dk’0v’c,jospa’L _*D 1j6.o8h6s5[0k gvqk8yf8q;vvd,k9jk’0kvvdc,jospa’L _(D sq;4nd5[ gvqk8uo95,j oE c,jospa’L _)D suo]a[9a[dt8= c,jospa’L __D rt[+,u7qows;h9eraolk1j6dk’mq’j pk,/qo]q’s^YooE pk,c]h’0Bo1j64P’c,jospa’L !WWD r+d=fe c,jd=fe-edaowfh]6dfjvoc,jospa’L !W!D r+g4qhk|;d8udv’c,jospa’L !W@D 2kdoAod=sh;p 2kdoUd=sh;p dqdd;hpgduf1j6dk’mk’c,jospa’L !W#D wdjzh6cf’ ovoltc7’xkpw,hc,jospa’L !W$ wdjc,jdhk shkxud 8uofP; c,jospa’L !W&D wdjc,j0k; 9a[Ik;-k[]k[c,jospa’L !W*D wdjc,jfe gvqkw296fdQoc,jospa’L !W(D wdjc,j]kp 8kp7kIQ;c,jospa’L !W)D wdjc,j]kpwx8kpc7,Ijv’ g-nvdfufdQoltfjv’wxwdc,jospa’L !W_D gdad95[ [+.sh;kj d5[gdadc,jospa’L !!WD wxd=xt ,kd=4Y,c,jospa’L !!!D g,nvj ,aowxmj=mhv’7;kp [kfda[,kgxaow,hlujdu[c,jospa’L !!@D w,h7aos^k;4Y,16dj k’|v’ 7qoma’g,nv’xv’gvqk[+wfhc,jospa’L !!#D w,h7aos^k; -afg0qhkxjkvhvp 7qogxaoIhvp-vdd=[+gsaoc,jospa’L !!$D w,hlu8j vj o gdufdjvoczjofyoc,jospa’L !!&D w,hcdjcfjxad16dj k’0v’ .zwxd=8hv’ .z,kd=8hv’c,jospa’L 25.

(30) ສດິ. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. !!*D w,h]efP; ,ulujshkxhv’ c8j]txhv’,uoE1j6.oc,jospa’L !!(D 8jev=hx=h gvqkw,hc\hodyoc,jospa’L !!)D 8A’rh=;=h 1v’8=dA’cffc,jospa’L !!_D381j6ok 8k1j6[hkoc,jospa’L !@WD g7a,[+9nf ,nf[+c9h’ sk[[+|ad 8ad[+g8a,c,jospa’L !@!D 3’dM’aoM wxIvf7aoc]h;4vf oE1hvp1vfmk’xkpc,jospa’L !@@D g-nvdglahofP; 96’7;kp\qf\j6c,jospa’L !@#D cf’crhc;h cpj.ljI6|a’ zh6py’,adc,jospa’L !@$D gfadohvp cdjg7nvs;kp]vfr5,j c,jospa’L !@&D gfadohvpM \vpvvd9v,0;aoc,jospa’L !@*D gfadohvprkpgInv]vfrj5, gda[zaddj5,[+wfh9addec,jospa’L !@(D .[,aom+cxhoduj \kd,ao9judyogxaoc,jospa’L !@)D gsaoc8jgvqk[+wfh ]aflt\u .llts;jk’c,jospa’L !@_D 381j6ok 8k16oj edqdw,h c,jospa’L !#WD 381j637d 0U16joE c,jospa’L !#!D 38spa’lu8j uodyodqd sqd8uodyoxkp 38]kpdyodk’g7y’j c,jospa’L !#@D 38|b’j c-j16joE laoj c7j’]u]kc,jospa’L !##D wmg,nv’,yo gvqk8uoxhvo]6dc,jospa’L !#$D ohvpm+dt1a’ /a’fyo[+wfhc,jospa’L !#&D lk;16gj Involuoh 8qoc,jospa’L !#*D w,hohvpM4Y,16dj k’mk’ -hk’1P[d=[+sadc,jospa’L !#(D |hkohvpMpy’]vfwxwdc,jospa’L !#)D |v’ohvpMxk0;k’vhv,-q[]q[c,jospa’L !#_D 38spa’]kpM 0tspaodj;k\6j ,ao16]j ;,\6j 8v,f6fgdlvo oE,aosv,s;ko py’d;jkoEvhvpL !$WD 38spa’,usvo 8noj g-Qk0aoI+k g,nvj 38o]q’7vo. ovo7vopk,7=+k .sh7oq 8jon ovo memjkgda’j cmh 26.

(31) ສດິ. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. !$!D 38spa’,ao,ad dt8kddk’g;ao g0jpfyoskgspnvj grnvj ]6d0v’,ao ,aoIhv’d5dM gvUo]6dc]jo,k rk]6dpjk’wx !$@D 38spa’,uxdu ]vpoEd=gxao dk’7nog0Qk]qd w0jvvd7nwdj sk’lAofydM fydoEsksvp !$#D sq;[=+,usk’ w8jmk’75[Mc,jospa’L !$$D 38lu8j uodyo388uofP; c,’sq;0P;dyoc,’|hk’E c,jospa’L !$&D w2w\hxkj [+w\h\qdxk c,jospa’L !$*D g0qkgvUo;jkc,’raf[+gxao9uj c,jospa’L !$(D vu9j a[ovo.ofvo vumj voovo.ooEc,jospa’L !$)D |voshvp7hk’ xkpw,hpkj ’pkpc,jospa’L !$_D 8Qospa’]eohvp .[lh;plu0P; cdjc]h;vvdI;’ djv’dQ,-v[’v[ l5dgs^vn ’fuc]h; gryoj djP;,kdyoD !&WD laf8je8aoh 8uolAooa’j 0voc,jospa’L !&!D dqd,aogxao]=-= .[,aogxaoda[c9j; gfadohvpcvj;dyo gvqkfyogIafzhksq,j c,jospa’L !&@D ohvpMm+c,j\fa [q;]t[afvvd.[m+9koc,jospa’L !&#D zhklucj 97k4kdaopadc,jospa’L !&$D \kgInvomhk; -jk’g]p \kgInvgrp -jk’gsqkj c,jospa’L !&&D c8[c8m+/k,n .z4nd=o[q c,jospa’L !&*D oEvvd[=+xkpw,hc-j’c-tc,jospa’L !&(D 2kdoUd=c,josq; 2kdoAod=c,josq;c,jospa’L !&)D mk’oUd=r6 mk’oAod=r6 des6-adlaoj c,jospa’L !&_D lk,0k8kfP;dyo7qo\qf[hko\qfg,nv’c,jospa’L !*WD mk’.8hc,jo8a’j mk’gmy’c,jo8kf xks^kfc]jo dk’skfwpMc,jospa’L. 27.

(32) !*!D v5h,]5h,m+sq;\ulufe vvdskdyopk,g-Qkc,jospa’L !*@D g7nvg0qkdkf rkfs^’a vQo vQorkc]jo oqdcvjorkwxc,jospa’L !*#D pjkg0ao0Bo x6mj No]q’c,jospa’L !*$D |v’d;hk’M [+,uw,h9ad]e ,uc8jxk-y;7e 38fP;]vps^Yoc,jospa’L !*&D v5h,]5h,m+w0oqd 9qdg0Qkc,j,ao8vfc,jospa’L !*(D 0U[+g\ao c,jospa’L !*)D w2w\hxkj [+w\hg-nvd|a’c,jospa’L. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. X7af9kdxB,7edvorNog,nv’]k; dt-;’lbdlk c]t dy]k lt4k[ao7Qo7;hk;ymtpklkf{ la’7q, ;P’9aoD !__W?. 28.

(33) [qfmu # 7el5 r kly f !D 7;k,\kpF ]adltotF dkodegouf c]t dko0tspkp8q;0v’7el5rklyf. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. !D!D 7;k,\kp c]t ]adltot0v’7el5rklyf dD 7;k,\kp0v’7el5 r kly f 7e;jk < l5rklyf < c,jo7eg;qhkmju9q[’k, c]t 4nd8hv’F gxao7eg;qhklaho c8j,u7;k,\kp g]ydg-y’j 3fpc,joxt-k-qo-k;zhv6 vdcI’’ko[aofkgzqkj gxaozhx6 tfyfc8j’,kc8j[I6 kootdkoD 7el5rklyf c,jo7edvoxtgrf|bj’ mju,udkolezafgdktdjkpdao1jk’7jv’c7h;F .-hla[ c]t I6[rk[mjug0qhk.9’jkp c]t 9nwj fhfqoD goNv.o0v’7el5rklyf gxao7ela’j lvo 8adg8nvo.sh-k; zh6vvdcI’’ko xtrbf8qowx.omk’muj4nd8hv’g\ktlq, s^n g;qhkvud1jk’|bj’;jkG 7el5rklyf c,jo[qfIPovao,u75o7jk.odkofe]q’-u;yf c]t dkome,kskdyo0v’-k;zh6vvdcI’’koD. gInvo-qogzqkj ]k;gmy’. 29.

(34) 0D ]a d ltot0v’7el5 r kly f ]adltot c]t 95fryglfvao8Qo8= c,jogxaoxtgrfdk[dvomjuloha c]t ,ugonvh .o7;k,\kp .o8q;0v’,ao1jk’7q[4h;oF g,nvj vjko s^n 2a’c]h;d=lk,kfg0qhk.97;k,\kp c]t lk,kf4vf 4vogxao[qfIPo8q;9y’csj’-u;yfwfhD. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. !D@D dkodegouf c]t dko0tspkp8q;0v’7el5rklyf 7el5rklyf gduf0Boc8jltw\[6IkoF 0tspkp8q;zjkos^kp]t[v[la’7q,8jk’daoD 7el5rk lyfc,jo7eg;qhk c]t co;7yf0v’xt-k-qoF fa’j oAoF g0qkg9qhk.-h7el5rklyfg0qhk.odkofe]q’ -u;yfxt9e;aos^kpmjul5fD 7el5rklyf c,jo[qfIPo8q;9y’0v’xt-k-qomju4vf4vo,kwfh 3fpzjko0t[;o;y;af vaopk;oko c]t s^kpI6[s^kplu0v’dkovvdcI’’kogruj,r6ozt]yfzqoF dko8+lh6fafcx’ me,t-kf c]t la’7q,F dkog/yd/qomafltotF 75olq,[af c]t laf9tme0v’7qogIqkD. 30.

(35) @D gonhv.o0v’7el5rklyf @D!D 7el5rklyfmujg;qhkg4y’dkovvdcI’’ko 7qo[6IkovkwldkovvdcI’’kofh;p8uo ,ngrnvj ]hP’-u[g-aoj G dkogIafwIjF gIafok grnvj x6d g0qhkD dkovvdcI’’kofaj’djk;8hv’wfhvu’.ljoEF fyoF vkdkf gxaog’njvow0mjule7aoD ltoAo -k;zhv6 vdcI’’ko 9b’j ,u[fq IPo.odkola’gdfdkoxjPocx’0v’fyo2hkvkdkfg-aoj ;jkG g,nvj .f /qo9t8qdF g,nvj .f2hk9tc]h’fja’7el5rklyfmju;kj G { {. /qo-y8dq .shg[y’j fk;fyo /qo-y8dq ,qfc]jo. /qo-y]oy .shg[y’j fk;-hk’D 2hk-yc]h’,qfovoD. gfnvosqd.shs;jkodhk 1jkwfhfeoks^hk dqd9tohvp. gfnvoshk.shcx’w4D xkpxu[m+ oa gryoj zqooAocsj’[+,Du. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. { {. ສດິ. 9kddkola’gdf c]t dewfhdfq gdodkoxjPocx’0v’fyo2hkvkdkfF xt-k-qo9b'j -vdsk ;ymudko8jk’M grnjv8adg8nvog-yj’dao c]t dao.shIh6]tf6dkogruj,r6ozt]yfzqomju9twfhIa[zqofu fa’j 7el5rklyfmju;kj G. ovdoUp’a ,u7el5rklyfmjgu xaog\nvofa’j xt8ymoy .odkodtglfc[[rNog,nv’ g-y’j ,u7;k,4nd 8hv’-afg9o,k9qog4y’gmqkj m5d;aooU7Gn gfnvoly[lv’ gda[/hkp gfnvovhkp dP,rhkF dP,djP; c]t dP,0;ko gfnvopuj 4k’wIj gfnvolk, zhs6 k2noF zh86 ej s6d gfnvoluj 96fwIj gfnvoshk dP,w4F dP,7kf gfnvosqd feokf= gfnvog9af feokgIqkj gfnvocxf 0kpg0qkh wIjf=. 31.

(36) gfnvogdqkh gfnvoly[ gfnvoly[gvaf. g0qkh okr=-vo[jk;-volk; xk]q’8hvo djP;g0qkh ,kgpp. { { { { { {. 1kddyog0qkh 1kddyoxk .sh8ojn gfyd7ndk wx1P[\k s^’a lh26 kh wIj[I+ dq .IjokrP’ \kpwIj \kpok. 8hv’gIafok 8hv’]q’oED skdyo7nwdjD ,k1P[0PfD |hklhf6 oy D phvog9qkh 0v’,aorPoD phvog9qkh 0v’,ao\aoj D .shlf5 lkp8kD .shlf5 lP’Ihv’D. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. {. ສດິ. 8A’c8j.fM,kF -k;wIj -k;ok]k;[aofkgzqkj wfhgvqk.9.lj8adg8nvola’j lvodao.shf5\oaj 0t spaorPo.odkovvdcI’’koF ,uc8jdkovvdcI’’kogmqjkoahomju9toegvqk7;k,vuj,|e le]ko,k.shcdj7qogIqk fa’j 7el5rklyfmju;kj G. vkfg;qhkwfh;jk 7el5rklyfmjug;qhkg4y’[qfIPo.odkovvdcI’’ko,u1jk’s^;’s^kpF g-y’j xt-k-qo]k;[aofkgzqkj wfh4ngvqk7el5rklyfgs^qkj oAogxao7t8yg8nvo.9F gxao8e]kvaoxtgluf .odkogIaf;PdwIjdkookF ]hP’lafF x6d/a’F 8jezhk c]t m=w\D lyj’faj’djk;ltcf’.shgsao 7;k,lts^kfsâdcs^,F 7;k,-eoy-eoko c]t 7;k,xu-klk,kfg-y’j -k;zh6vvdcI’’ko ]k;g7up,u c]t 4jkpmvf8+dao,kc8j[6IkootdkoD. @D@D 7el5 r kly f mu j g ;q h k g4y ’ ,k]tpkfmk’la ’ 7q , dkorq;rao]ts;jk’7qoda[7qo,u7;k,9egxao8hv’,u75olq,[af sn^ ,k]tpkfmjufu8+daoD ]6d8hv’Ih6oa[4nr+c,jF 76[kvk9ko c]t zh6g4qhkzh6cdjF oa[c8jdkoxkdg;qhk9qog4y’dkodtmeD 75olq,[afvaofumujdkj ;,koU c,jo,6og-Nvvaofu’k,vao|b’j 0v’7qo]k;mjug-nvj 4n c]t xt8y[afdao ,k9qo,u7el5rklyfgxao7t8yg8nvo.9w;h;kj G. 32.

(37) { { { {. 75or+mr+ g6 0qkdhk [5o75or+c,joU .zzh61ec1’oq[ okfu4k,skg0qkh x6d zq;g,poU,’b d6[+.sh;kj. 75oc,jm+2kh da[czjofyoD |adgdy’j m=]tou skd9tfug,nv|hkD ]6dfu4k,skr+c,jD .sh;kj 0hvp c]t g9qhk zv’gmqhk-q;j -u;kD. rhv,daooAoxt-k-qo]k;gIqkpa’gvqk.9.lj8adg8nvo .odkoIadlk,k]tpkfF mjkmk’vao l5rk[IP[IhvpF l505, c]t ,u;kf-q’1jk’4nd8hv’g\ktlq,.ola’7q, fa’j 7el5rklyfmju;kj G { {. -y4,jq oE]kp .shs^P;g[y’j xjv’ -yg8Ao0hk,Ijv’ .shs^P;g[y’j |k,D oa’j .shg[y’j muj |.u shg[y’j [jvoD. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. @D#D 7el5rklyfmujg;qhkg4y’dko8+l6h-qo-ahoD .ow]ptzjko,k-qo-ahodqf0ju06fIuf c]t -qo-ahomuj4nddqf0ju06fIuf,u0=h0afcpj’x=]txaddao fhkolyfzqoxt3spf grkt-qo-aho4nddqf0u0j 6fIufgxaozh6fe]q’-u;yf3fpvkwlgsnvj cI’ c]t lt8y xaopkgrnjv]hP’-u[F 8qho8=c,jodkovvdcI’’kofh;p8uo,n1jk’|ad|j;’F c8jzqomjuwfhIa[oAo [+g\ktlq,8k,cI’’komju4vdgm.ljD lj;o-qo-ahodqf0uj06fIufraf[+vvdcI’’koF ,u-u;yf 3fpvkwldko06fIufcI’’kozhv6 ojn grnvj lhk’Ia’j 76o,ucdj8oq D g,nvj gxaoco;oAo9b'j gduf,udko8+ldh6 oa D .ooAo;aoot7tfudc= ,jovk;5fvaocs^,7q,.odko8+l-h6 oq -Ao0v’-k;zhv6 vdcI’’koD xt-k-qogIqk wfhxtfyfc8j’7el5rklyf djk;39,8umkfcmh.9feve,tsyf0v’r;dladfyokvkfpklyfzh6xqd 7v’;jkG { zh6dyo dyor=Ikd zh61kd 1kdr=8kpD { ws.spj]Qo wsohvp[+g8a,D { gsao;jkxkdoqdohvp -hk’1jk2hk;1P[]q’|ad s^kpgou [kfoqd3I,cI’dao -y8vf8kp38-hk’D. 33.

(38) @D$D 7el5rklyfmujg;Qkg4y’7;k,lk,ad7u xt-k-qo]k;g7upla’j lvo.shm5d7qo,u7;k,lk,ad7u Iadcr’-j;pgs^nvg-y’j dao c]t daoD oAoc,jo,6og-nhvvaofu’k,vao|bj’mjuxt-k-qo]k;[aofkgzqjkwfhlhk’0Bo c]t ln[mvfdao,kc8j [6Ikootdko c]t d=c,joxafw9mjule7aopjy’ .odko8aflyo7;k,leg]af c]t w--tot8jk’M .odkoxqdxadIadlk c]t lhk’lkxtgmf-kf fa’j 7el5rklyfmju;kj G { Iqh;s^kpsâd9b’j \aho { ruoj hv’[+s^kp { zq,[+s^kp.sh8n,j -hv’ { cdh;[+zaf ruoj hv’[+c;j { g’yo7eskwfh { Iad-E8n,j cr’. ruoj vh ’s^kp-Ao9b’j fuD .shskltskp,k8n,j D ruoj vh ’[+s^kp.sh8,nj ljP;8n,j gduD lk,xugxaocIj lk,xugxaovnoj D oE.9skpkdD cf’-E8n,j phv,D. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. #D ly]txtdkoxtfyfc8j’ #D!D dko.-h l a [ rklk dko.-hl[a leo;odtmafIaf,udkolezafgdktdjkpdaofuF .-hl[a rklklk,ao-qoF c8j,gu oNv.o 7;k,\kp7q[4h;o.o8q;0v’,aoF ltoAo9b'j g\ktlq,.shcdj7qomq;j wxD 8q ; 1j k ’G |6dafs6d ]6dc0;ocv;. 9b’j Ih76 o5 c,; 9b’j Ih76 o5 r+c,jD. 34.

(39) #D@D I6 [ c[[dkoxtfy f c8j ’ dkoc8j’7el5rklyf,ad.-hl]y txtdkoxP[mP[7;k,\kpcxo0v’[qfIPooAog]upD 8q ; 1j k ’G 1kddyog0qkh 8hv’gIafok. 1kddyoxk 8hv’]q’oE. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. I6[c[[dkoc8j’ c[[g-nvj ’[a’7;k,\kpcxo0v’7el5rklyfF 3fp.-hlaf s^n ;af45vnoj M ,kxP[mP[.lj7oq D. 8q ; 1j k ’G gsao;jkxkdoqdohvp -hk’1jk2hk;1P[]q’|ad s^kpgou [kfoqd3I,cI’dao -y8vf8kp38-hk’D I6[c[[dkoc8j’ c[[xtlkolq,mq[dao]ts;jk’7;k,\kpcxo c]t 7;k,\kpg]ydD 8q ; 1j k ’G dhP’c8jovd. mk’.ogxao\kdgfnvj. I6[c[[dkoc8j’ c[[gvqk7;k,\kpdq’dao0hk,oU c,jo]adltotmjugxao|hklqo.9vao|b’j 0v’l5rklyf]k;g-y’j zh6c8j’1kdla’j lvo s^n 4jkpmvf[qfIPo8jk’M.shcdjz6hvkj o c]t z6h2a’D 35.

(40) 8q ; 1j k ’G .shxd6 .ljrt]kosuo .sh0kh r+8uc,j .sh0kh \jf6 P;dao .shovofyogdnvd/jo5 .shvk[oEpk,|k; .shc[dcs0Bo37dD. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. { 1kddyog0Qk 1kd,ulyo 1kd,uz,h6 kc;j 1kd,ul,u lu oa 1kd.sh38vjo5 1kddyoxk0k;. ovdoUp’a ,u7el5rklyfmucj 8j’0Bofh;p;ymum,uj u7ext8yglf1jm6 kh p;ad7nG x6,s^;’[vd1kxhk’. c,jIhk’[vd,qoltg|j d=[+oa[D. g;qkh ];,c]h; ly]txtdkoc8j’7el5rklyf]k;c,jo,u7;k,v5f,q lq,[6omjlu f5 D xt-k-qo]k; [aofkgzqkj wfh\o6 .-hmd5 I6[dko.odkog;qkh F dko7yf c]t 7;k,g0qkh .90v’7qogrnvj .shgxao;ymdu ko 4jkpmvf7;k,Ih6F [qfIPo c]t 7t8yme8jk’M.shcdjdao,kc8j[6IkootdkoD. 36.

(41) lts]5 [ ];, 7el5rklyf c,jorkdlj;o|bj’mjule7ao.o;aoot7tfurNog,nv’]k;F ,aoc,jo[qfIPomju,u laf9tmevao]E7jkF [qfIPovaooUwfh4jkpmvfdao,k9kd8q;9y’csj’;y;afmtokdko.o-u;yf 8q;9y’0v’xt-k-qoD ,aoxP[g|nvo8e]kcsj’-u;yfmjuv5fq,lq,[6ogrnvj 8adg8nvo[vdlvo]6ds^ko zh6gduf.\j.spj]5o IjeIPogvqklyj’mjufu’k,F Ih6fafcx’cdhw0ly’j mju[+fu [+’k,.ola’7q,D ovd9kdoAo l5rklyf]k;pa’lhk’[qfIPovao.spjs^;’ fhkoly]txtdkoc8j’[qfdk[dvo c]t [qfg]nvj ’vnoj MD l5rklyfrNog,nv’]k;lq,c]h; mjugxao;aoot7tfuxtgrfly]txtdecsj’dkolbdlkvq[Iq,7qo vao,u goNv.omaoltw\D. 8u7;k,\kp7el5rklyf. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. !D g9Qkzh,6 7u ;k,Ih6 g8a,r5’rP’xkd d=fmu vh o lvo38gv’[+wfh .z-ypvh ’;jkfuD { ,u7;k,\kp;jkz6hmu,j u7;k,Ih6F ,umyfltfus^kpc8jgIaf8q;9y’[+wfh9t[+,u.zpqdphv’;jkfuD @D 7e7jk]Qo 0qf0vfgxaocs;o lucf’l5d d=grkt,us;q cdh; 7n7oq Ih6 ;y-kfus^kp1jk’ dy]py k-j;pph6 -60oB 9b'j Ij’5 gInv’D { 7;k,\kpcxoG cs;o7emu,j u7;k,’k,grkt,usq;cdh;D { 7;k,\kpg]ydG 7qoz6,h 7u ;k,I69h t,u7;k,9tg]uoI5’j gInv’d=grkt,ud]y py k,k]tpkfmufj Du #D -kfmjugxaopy’oU py’wx.sh,oa coj py’d=p’y cmhM coc]h;9b'j 7jvppy’D { 7;k,\kpcxoG dkopy’xno8hv’co.sh4ndgxQk\kpD { 7;k,\kpg]ydG c,jpy’cmh8hv’gxaoc,jpy’mufj u gIafspa’mespa’8hv’,udko7Qo7yf.sh 4nd8hv’D $D -kfmjgu xao-kpoU 1jkgxao-kpcd,cIj -kpd=-kpcmhM 8q,oAo1jk.sh,uD { 7;k,\kpcxoG -kpmufj u8hv’c,jo-kpmu[j +,usyuocIj s^n 0U8q,xqog;]kgvqk,kd+gInvo d=’k, c]t \Ao|P;D. 37.

(42) ສດິ. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. { 7;k,\kpg]ydG z6h-kpmufj u8hv’gxaoz6hmu,j u7;k,I6h7;k,lk,kfF ,u75olq,[afmafltot mu4j dn 8hv’D &D gInvo.fpk,dyog0Qk rkfP;gxao\j6 7;k,7eIadpa’-jk’8h5, daow;h\onj vtlq’D { g;Qkg4y’7;k,lk,ad7urkp.o7v[7q;F gIafspa’8hv’rhv,rP’dao9bj’gIaf.sh7v[ 7q;,u7;k,l5d7;k,9tg]uo8ts^vfwxD *D 9ao.lc9h’ f;’fP;[+,u7vj ’ [+,ufk;c;f]hv, 9aog9qkh d=[g+ Inv’D { 7;k,\kpg;Qkg4y’7;k,lk,ad7uF gryjomP[f;’9ao7nda[dkooeF f;’fk;7n xt-k-qoD (D 7aowfhdoy 8jvo-Uo 1jk]n,csj’75o\k 39o[+,k-v,]ad d=grkt\kovog/qkh D { 7;k,\kpcxoG g;Q k g4y ’ g9Q k 0v’\k[+ 7 ;o]n , [5 o 75 o 0v’\kgrkt,a o gxa o z6gh /QkgInvoD { 7;k,\kpg]ydG la’j lvo.sh7oq gIqk[+7;o]n,[5o75o0v’z6,h urt75o8+gIqkD )D 7vpc8j[o5 ,k7E [+megvqk[+c,jo clo-ymd5 pkdgpnvh o rPomhvoskd-ygInv’D { 7;k,\kpcxoG -u;yf0v’7qogIqk4hk,uc8j7v’4hk[5o;klt|k,k-j;pF [+gIaf[+lhk’ 9tgIaf.sh-;u fy 7qogIqkm5dpkd[+9tg]uoI5’j gInv’D { 7;k,\kpg]ydG g;Qkg4y’7;k,vqfmqof5\aoj rkdrPo gIaf;Pd’kom5d1jk’9tgIaf.sh -u;yffu0BoD _D \qdxkcfd pa’,u76 9udj tx6 pa’,u;kfD { 7;k,\kpcxoG \qdxkcfd c]t 9udj tx6c,jo;Pdmu’j kj pc8j4hk[+I6h;ymud=gIaf[+gxaoD { 7;k,\kpg]ydG dkogIaf;Pd’kom5d1jk’,ao,usâddkoF ,u;ymu r;dgIqk1kd ,u7;k,I68h vh ’wfhldb lkI+kIPooe76D !WD 1jkwfhs;a’l5dphvo [5og0qk,kgry’j l5dd=ld5 gryoj r5oh [+,kd5h,IvfgIqk fvdokD { 7;k,\kpcxoG -u;yf0v’7qogIqk[+7;ogvnvj pvu’.ljz6hvonj D. 38.

(43) ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. ສດິ. { 7;k,\kpg]ydG 8qogxaomugj ry’j 0v’8qoD !!D 2aogInvw;h s^kp]ecImjk \jkg0Qkw;h s^kpvjk’cIgInvoD { 7;k,\kpcxoG 16mj kj oE7;o,ugInvs^kp]egrnvj gIaf.shdkowx,kltf;dD dko\jk g0Qkd=g-aoj dao[+7;o9edaf8hv’\jkgrnvj c0d7qoD { 7;k,\kpg]ydG g;Qkg4y’7;k,lk,ad7u-;j pgs^nvg-y’j dao c]t dao0v’7qogIqkD !@D 1kddyo|kd.shxd6 zqo 1kdgxao7qo.shI+kIPo7;k,I6Dh { 7;k,\kpcxoG gIqk1kddyo\kdw,h8vh ’vvdcI’’kox6d/a’D { 7;k,\kpg]ydG gIqk1kdgxao7qofu,u7;k,I6h 8hv’wfhlbdlkI+kIPoD !#D w,h]efP;pa’8jk’xhv’ vhkpohv’fP;pa’8jk’sq;.9D { 7;k,\kpcxoG w,h]efP;pa’8jk’xhv’ c8j]txhv’9t[+7ndoa F vhkpohv’gdufIj;,r+c,j fP;dao9yf.9c8j]t7qod=8kj ’daoD { 7;k,\kpg]ydG 7qogIqks^kp7qomu1j 6Ij ;j ,dao c8jco;7yf9yf.9]h;oc8j8kj ’dao fa’j oAoF 1kddtmespa’]q’wx8hv’7eob’g4y’9yf.90v’z6vh onj D !$D gs^da 7qfgvqkw;hgIaf0= gs^da ’=gvqkw;hgIafdjP; 7qo7qf]hP; gvqkw;h[+fuD { 7;k,\kpcxoG gsâd0qfF gsâd’=pa’,u75o7jk c8j7qo7qf]hP;[+,u75o7jkD { 7;k,\kpg]ydG g;Qkg4y’7;k,-nlj afl5f9ts^yf0v’7qogIqkD !&D g[y’j -hk’.shg[y’j sk’ g[y’j ok’.shg[y’j c,j g[y’j cmhM .shg[y’j Ivfx6pj kj 8kpkpD { 7;k,\kpcxoG dkog[y’j -hk’8hv’g[y’j sk’D { 7;k,\kpg]ydG dkog[y’j c,jpy’8hv’g[y’j r+c,j c]t pkf8yruoj hv’ x6pj kj 8kokpD !*D g’yo7eskwfh oE.9skpkdD { 7;k,\kpcxoG g’yo7egxao0v’-N0kplk,kf-vdskwfhF 9yf.9-N0kp[+wfhD { 7;k,\kpg]ydG g;Qkg4y’75o7jk c]t [qf[kf0v’9yf.9,u7;k,le7aod;jkg’yo7eD !(D rq[7qofu ,ulcu dj8;q rq[7qo-q;j rk8q;\qoj \v’D { 7;k,\kpcxoG rq[7qofud=9trkgIqkwxmk’fuF rq[7qo-q;j d=9trkgIqkwxmk’-q;j D { 7;k,\kpg]ydG la’j lvo.sh7oq gIqk8hv’g]nvd7q[skc8j7oq mufj u,u7;k,I67h ;k,lk,kfD !)D -kfmugj xao7qooU .shmerPo7nodq g9qkj 39.

(44) ສດິ. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. pk,g,nvj [yogzjoa zhkp 9b’j 0k;c9h’fa’j oqdpk’D { 7;k,\kpcxoG oqdg9qkj gxaooqdmu,j lu 0u gU mqkj xqo0k;16cj [[lts’q[lt’P[F oqdpk’gxaooqd mu,j ulu0k;[=]yl5f g;]k,ao[yo7qogIqklk,kf,v’gsaowfh1kj ’9tc9h’D { 7;k,\kpg]ydG 7el5rklyfoU1kdlbdlk.sh7oq gIqk,umfa ltot75olq,[afmufj Fu ,ud]y py k,k ]tpkflts’P,7jP,7q,D !_D w,h]efP;]hv,IQ;[+w0;j wzj[+rvh ,cx’[hko[+gInv’D { 7;k,\kpcxoG w,h]efP;[+lk,kf]hv,IQ;wfhF xt-k-qo[+rhv,rP’d=[+lk,kf lhk’[hkocx’g,nv’wfhD { 7;k,\kpg]ydG g;Qkg4y’7;k,lk,ad7uD @WD py’I6[Ihkp 7v’;afrk’k, -kpI6[-k, ;y-krkIj’5 { 7;k,\kpcxoG py’I6[IhkpF -kpI6[-k,\kpg4y’py’F -kpmu,j uI6[Ijk’|hk8krkp ovd[+’k,D { 7;k,\kpg]ydG 7v’;afrk’k,c,jo\kpg4y’c,jpy’muIj 6hIuf7v’xtgrouF I6h;Pd[hko dkogInvoF ;y-krkI5’j \kpg4y’z6h-kpmu,j u7;k,I6h7;k,lk,kfF ,u;y-kvk-u[D. 7e4k, c]t [qfg/ydsaf. !D 9q’j [vd7;k,\kp0v’7el5rklyfL @D 7el5rklyfdegouf c]t 0tspkp8q;7nco;.fL #D 7el5rklyfmugj ;qhkg4y’dkovvdcI’’ko,ugoNv.o7nco;.fL 9q’j pqd8q;1jk’ $D 7el5rklyfmugj ;qhkg4y’,k]tpkfmk’la’7q,,ugoNv.o7nco;.fL 9q’j pqd8q;1jk’ &D 7el5rklyfmugj ;qhkg4y’dko8+lh6-qo-aho,ugoNv.o7nco;.fL 9q’j pqd8q;1jk’ *D 7el5rklyfmugj ;qhkg4y’7;k,lk,ad7u ,ugoNv.o7nco;.fL 9q’j pqd8q;1jk’ (D ly]txtdkoc8j’7el5rklyf,u7nco;.fcfjL )D .shvkj o c]t vtmy[kp7;k,\kp0v’7el5lyf.o[qfvjkogru,j D. 40.

(45) meoP,7nodq g9qkj 9b'j 0k;c9h’fa’j oqdpk’D meoP,ok,g8qkj fuc]h;9b'j 7jvp|uD m5’w--hv’rtgof [+,ugxnhv’xyoj sk’ D cx’3l,.sh,oa 7jv’ -toug8Ao7;jk’wxD co;glnv1jkwfhcv[D ,klhk’ln[gInvoD ltg\u[;q Ikd1a’j s^kp]=ph fn pk;D sq;rP’ltg\uv’nj 8kpphvoxkd38D ltg\udkdyow0j ]k’g0A,0q,j c0’D .shmeoP,ok,wdj xv’]hP’]6d.sh.spjl’6 D ltg\uf’ja xks^fq fa’j xkdt3m’.[hD ltg\uc8ocx’-+ ltg\ugzU’ln[Ia’D 7nxkj o-k;dtg]y’ lj;o-yglpg-u’zhkD .sh4k,w\f6dvj o lqowfhd[= +’k,D. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. !D gxao7qo.sh [kf;jk[yogzaoj zhkp @D -n;j kj gxao7qo.sh ,aoskd,hPow0jw;h #D .sh7vj pgvqk3l,rhP’ ]q,[+,k]j;’8hv’ $D pk,g,nvj ]u]kphkp 1jkwfhgxaofa’j g-Nv &D -kfmjurklkg-Nv .shcv[gvqkc8jg-Nv]6d-hk’ *D 7;k,7bf.shg4y’4v’rNo .9.shvvj oly’j /hkp (D 1jkwfhme8qorhP’ ,aoskdgs^vn c8jIvh ’ )D 1jkwfh0q;MIhv’ 1jkwfhgxaofa’j oqdwljIvh ’ _D gxaopy’oU wdj,oa -jk’2ad-jk’xhv’ !WD .sh-kj ’[hvo 1jkwfhcxo75p]vp !!D .sh7vj pmerPolhk’ .sh-kj ’d+ln[w;h !@D w\[+,u7’ja phv, fe[+cf’r=dtgmuo !#D 7aog9qkh ,ug0a,c]h; w\[+,Iu vh pdQo. ສດິ. [q f vj k ogru j , 7el5 r kly f. 41.

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(47) ສດິ. -ygvqkspa’,k7hk’cvj’ [+,ugvUo;jkdt[;pD d=1kj gsuosPoc]jo wxoAo 1jkmhkc8j-0y oa D 75’7klt\5f.spj fuc]h;9b'j 7jvp9kD g0qkI=0,q 0noj ltg\u\xh= kdc[oD 1jkwfhvkj ;7toy’sk .shg9qkh degvqkw;hD 1jk2hk;vq’j s^kpgou g,nv|hkljv’[+gsaoD s^kprk,a[c,[D .9oE[+7vj ’xkD d;Pogsao.shd;Pocdj gInv-ywfhcdjd;PoD -k;csg0qk-ys;jko]q’c]h; 7qo.[hd[= +1eD gvqkvao.f,kgxaoxjk xk-y-oQ 1j[6 vj o.fD 7ndk7k[g8qkj 7nI’5h 7k[’6D 39o0t3,p-yIg6h ,jvn xk-yIg6h ,nvj 7u’D ws^3I,c8j3rox;d /qogmA’c]jodkpD 1jk7v’7vp;jk0vofvd gmnvj gou pa’-yxUoxq’j .[D zaddtgfqk0q,0noj pa’-y3vhvkj ;skD. ສ. ວ ສະ .ສ ຫງ ວນ ລຂິ ະ. @_D [;p[+,ufhk, g0qk-ygvUo;jkdt3xt\kdrhk; #WD 0qo[+maoxqdmhkp xud[+moa sh,5 dqoh #!D .9.sh.lltg\uoE .shg9qkh 7yf4u4j ;h o #@D 1jkwfhme.9rhP’ 7;k,7yf1jk8No ##D ly[8e]b’1j26 kdoE lv’lt]b’c]jo,k,n #$D ,ug’yo]Qog8a,4q’ ]k’gmnvj m5d0t,vfwIh #&D gInvo.fpk,dyog0qhk gInvooAoglyd[+,;hq #*D gInv7kcdh’ [kf;jkwxIvfoE #(D |v’[+,0u vo0aoh ,u;’a [+,gu ’nvdg/qkh #)D ,ufq’[+,uw,h ,u|v’[+,usphkxhv’ #_D .shg9qhkgvqkpk;w;h 1jkwfhgIafvj’5 x5’h $WD 1jkwfhw0xt86w;h 1jkwfhxtxjv’mhk’ $!D /qo8qd3sh’ [;d\6,[u +crh $@D gsao;jk0vowsôE ]k’gmnvj s^kp,N]q’c-joE $#D 1jk2hk;8y8Pog;qhk [kf;jkdyo]k[dhvp 43.

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