HAL Id: inria-00073775
https://hal.inria.fr/inria-00073775
Submitted on 24 May 2006
HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- entific research documents, whether they are pub- lished or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.
L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.
An Experiment in Automatic Generation of Test Suites for Protocols with Verification Technology
Jean-Claude Fernandez, Claude Jard, Thierry Jéron, Laurence Nedelka, César Viho
To cite this version:
Jean-Claude Fernandez, Claude Jard, Thierry Jéron, Laurence Nedelka, César Viho. An Experiment in Automatic Generation of Test Suites for Protocols with Verification Technology. [Research Report]
RR-2923, INRIA. 1996. �inria-00073775�
ISSN 0249-6399
a p p o r t
d e r e c h e r c h e
INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET EN AUTOMATIQUE
An Experiment in Automatic Generation of Test Suites for Protocols
with Verification Technology
Jean-Claude Fernandez, Claude Jard, Thierry J´eron, Laurence Nedelka, C´esar Viho
N ˚ 2923
Juin 96
TH `EME 1
&%(') +*,-./0 +*1%231450 &6!*
7
/8:9; $/<= !>'? + @8A&6!CB3D
EGFIHKJ,LNMOPHIQR,FTSUFWVJHIJR,FYXIZ[MOPHIQR,F\E]HIV^R0_[`&abcFYVNVdeEfFYVghJi[@jkHKQ0VNFYJlmFTn.FIR,FWOcohH,[M)fFIpHIVqAbca0gsr
tu]v
w!x.wyz:{A|w!}~wN^I.w!}Y}~
v
w!x.w!}
0N
w!}Yhw!
w2
xh
{^I
2
Iw
w!
u w u
wY2m2zmImzm&h^mw!}
¡!¢£^¤h¥^¢m¦ §
u
}
w!
2
©¨@w=Iw}
«ªGw)^¬w!Yhw
xw!YI
x©mw!Iw
^
^®
~w!}A}~Iw!}
®¯m
~
m°
~w!}~Ih±²\w
w
m
u w
w}
°
}3W^Iw©¨
u
2w!Kw
^®
w}}~Iw!}ªh}w!
³I´2^K!w!=´mw
¶µhN
·w!
u
I¸YIw!}
I
°
w!
wN
°
IIK}
¹
°
~
2°
± §
\
u
}w!YGw
x.w!YN]}~w!´2w
°
Y2°
} u
´mwªhw!w\I}w!»º
u
w
xx.w
¼
°
Wm°
½3¾¿ÀÁ¾ÃÂÅÄÁ¾
{
§Æ
¿½Ç
¨È}CK}w!
®¯2
u w.2w!Kw
^®
µhI~w}/^~w©
u x
Iw
°}
®c
xÉ
À Æ
}Gw!!¶µhN
K}N
u w
Y2°]Ê+°
Iwªh
^
®
u wCË
Ê À
Y2°
ª
®¯2
u
w3xIxÍÌN
^®
^I}~«~
}~Y}wx}NII=
PYGwÁG^xw
t
½Ä
Â
®¯2t
w!}
½
w!Iw
^~
³K}I
Ä w
¶µhN
·w!
u
I¸YIw!}
Ç
®¯2
u w&2w!Kw
^®
w}}~Iw!}¨
u
u=u
}+ªGw!w!\Iw!´mw
°
Gw!
u
wAË
Ê À
Ym°
ª
]±
t ½Ä
}ªh^}~w!
\´2w
¶µhN^~
\w
u
I¸WKw!}C}~I
u
}}YI
uI~
I}C
II!^K
YÎP
u
wÏίÐh
´mw
¶µh^
ѱ
tu
w!}~wC
Y2°
} u
´mwªGw!w!\^I
°
w!=
=III}~
¹
°
~
m°
h
u w À {
¾0Ò
~
m°
±
tu
w3
x.h
«}
^®
II!w=w!}~+}~Iw!}¨«
uu
IA¨
~w!Aw!}~+}~Iw!}
´mw!}
u w w °
w!´2I!w
®
u
wÁK}w!=~w!
u
I¸YIw!}±
Ó.ÔYÕGÖØ×3Ùh£2Ú0¡¦
2°
Kª
°
^/Ûª
Aw!}~IhG~w!}2w!Iw
^~
ÑG´2w
¶µhN
ÑK
®¯2
x©^K!w2Y}Gw!!¶µh^
ÑG«x.
°
w!xwYÎ
/^~
Ñmw!}~+I
}w
ÜÝÞ
ßáàPâNã
Þ
ßä0åàPæ¯çè
é]ê^ëíìGîhï!ðcñê^ò!ìGó2ô~ôõ@ö^ò!ð¯÷cëíò!øíøíù0ìcú^ö^ö2ï!ðc÷¯ô~ûóùkò!õëíõ^û^ú^ìc÷cð¯ëíò!øüï!õ÷¯ðcò!ü~÷Wî]ëí÷cêýÑþGÿ·ëíõòìc÷¯ú^û^ù «ï!ðK÷¯ê^ô0ëíð¯ô~ü÷cëíï!õô~õôðcò!øíô
ömï!ú^ðGøÑðôôõ÷
é]ê^ëíì]ö^òö2ôðGî]ëíøíøYò!ö^ö2ô~ò!ðGëíõ+òö2ôü~ëíò!ø¹ìcì¯ú^ô,ïüëíô~õ^üôÑï "!Gï#ö^ú^÷¯ô~ð$Gð¯ï#%!ð¯ò#ëíõ&%'(¹õ^û^ú^ì¯÷cðcëíò!øíøíùÿÑô~øíô)/ò!õ÷*Ñö^ö^øíëíü~ò!÷cëíï!õ^ìIï*+^ï!ðò!ø
,õ^ò!øíùì¯ëíìGéYôüPê^õ^ë-,ú^ôì(' ./òõ/+^ðcëíìcï00ðcïï!÷¯ô]ô~û^ëí÷¯ïð'!þGøíì¯ô()Nëíô~ðü~ëíôõ^ü~ôÑö^ú^ó^øíëíìcê^ôð
1 ¹õ^ð¯ëíò324ö2ô~üP÷¯ðcô'5ý5ôðcë-ò4%'76Áëíõ^ëíö^òð¯ü98mëíð¯ìc÷' ð¯ú^ô9Yò)!ï!ëíìcëíôð(':+<;>=4?4=#=4@96ï!õN÷có2ïõ^õ^ï!÷:ò!ëíõ÷>;>6ò!ðc÷¯ëíõ<'A+^ðcò!õ^üô#B .Ïôò!õ3;
!Gøíòú^û^ô4B+^ôðcõ^ò!õ^ûôCDÑë-@ò4%B«ð(B
E
!Gøíòú^û^ô4B./ò!ðcûFD,ëíð¯ëíìcòBð
G
é]ê^ëíô~ð¯ðcù4B.Ïôðcï!õFD,ëíð¯ëíìcòB«ð
H
!Gô~ì¯òðBý,ëíê^ï&D,ëíð¯ëíìcòB«ð
Unit´e de recherche INRIA Rennes
IRISA, Campus universitaire de Beaulieu, 35042 RENNES Cedex (France) T´el´ephone : (33) 99 84 71 00 – T´el´ecopie : (33) 99 84 71 71
6! +* .U3. C6 +*#63A A #6!# @8A&6!&BC A #6! /<=
ÔI¡Ô=¦ À
I}!w
I
2
K}È|w!
«´
I}KIww!Y|w
w!I!wKw|w!|w
=^K
xA^~«¸YIwKwÁ}~Iw!}Iww!}~}
°
w!}
2°
w!}±
I}|w
I}
°
w!}
|w!}
°
/^~}
ªIw!YI}@h
°
|w!|w
Iw}I~w!}kKw+w}}
®c
I|ww}
@°
w!
u
2°
m«w
Kw
°
.´k|w
¶µhN
(^I
°
¸Y|w!w
v
AK)
~
m°
IKI}
w
°± À
^K}C!wwAw!Y|w
w!I!wmk
°
K}w!
}
I
°}
Y\|wI|wAI
°
}I|w!}º
°
K
°
xx.w
¼
° ½3¾¿ÀÁ¾ ¹ÄÁ¾
{
§Æ ¿½Ç
&}~w
´Y
v
°
&|w!|w
=K©
u
w
|w!/^$µhI
v
&G
~
Iw}~|w!!¶µh^
I}
w
Æ À
]
°
I~
°KÊ+°
Iw!ªh
Iw
°
ª
! "
~w v
I
° Ë Ê À
Gw
x}
°
xIx.Í}Ø
3Iw+}~W}~
v
w!x.w!}@Iw
I}~
I}Nmw!@I
PYGwIGw
° |w t ½ÄÂ
$#&%(')+*,%.-/%.021)43657-987':3;-<>=/%.03?A@B1)43657-C)4%B@EDF-/36G.8H%' Ç
w+|w!´mw
°
I|wh^K}
°
3ª
! "
w v
I
°
Ë Ê À
Gw
x.}
°
|w!|w
^
Iw}K«~w!}Iww!}~}N±
t ½Ä
w!}
®¯
I|w}
Iw}w!
u
I¸YIw!}Kw+´k|w
¶µh^
I}w
°°
w!}@¸YIw
°w
°
!
°
Kw+
~
KI}YI
uI~
Iww!
°
´k|w
¶µhN
v
°
´
m°
|
w!w2±0Ë@w!}
I
°}
Y|w!I|w+^I
°
¸Y|w!}
v
I
~
m°
w«KII}
w
° °w
À {
¾0Ò
± Æ
3
x.h
^}
Iw!}~w!}~}+
~
KI}+´2w+Iw!}~w!}~}=|w!
}x©^YIw
°«°
w!xwW0x
Y
w!Y
°
WI|w
I
wkIw}w!
u
I¸YIw!}
K
°
«}I|w!w!}±
J»ÙG¢^¡/Ö!¥LKMÔ¦
2°
w2^~w!} ª
L "
~w
w2^|w!|w
^
CIw@w}}2´@|w
¶µhN^~
Ñ^
®¯m
x.«I|w2!}~|w!!¶µh^
Ñ^x
°
W/^~
Ñ
ª
w!!~
®
KwÁ~w!}
Ñ$· @
t
w!}~I&}È3
K!¹
°
Y@«.}
®
P¨È
wIw!´2w
°«
IxwWI^I.w!}Gw!!¹
°«°
®¯m
u wIw´2w
°
Kxw!Y
®
~
m°
}NY
I}Iw
I
u wY
I}~I!
°
P
^®
u w!
Iw!}~«mѱYw!´mw
°
ÛYII}
^®
w!}~}
wI}w«
u
}
W~w!YN±
Ê x
K+
u
w!}w2Y
®¯m
xA^I!w
~w!}~IA«}&
2°
~w!}~IAxw!
uI
³¨
u
u
I}~}}3«
u
w!/ÛYI³^x
°
w!x.w!YØ
^®
A}~I
°
w
~
2°
w!YP
W«K}@«~}}Gw!!¶µhN
§ ¿
m±
§
W~w
hw
^ªK
°
P~w!}~I}}~h^~w!=^
u
w}w
´Y«w
°
w!´2w
° ± §
I}}~}
u
w!/ÛYI
u
^
u
wx
°
w!x.w!YØ^~
®
}~w!´2w
°
xxIINI&w!Yw!}3}Ø^~}Pµhw!}3
u
w}~hw!͵GN^~
®
u w
°
ªG
°
}~w
´Y!w2±
§
ª u
^}w}
Iw
u
^}&}~hw!¶µhN^~
)^K)^«x.
°
w!xwW/^~
®
.}Y}~w!x±
t
w!}~«K=
K}}~}³
u
w!/ÛYI=
u
^
u w
Yw
^
I}
^®
u w«x.
°
w!xwW/^~
?¨
u
}.w!Y´Y
~
Ix.w!Y
uI~
I
u
Y}
^®
Y
~2°
^I
ªI}~w
´2
 Ë
¿Ç
®¯m
x¨
u u
w}Gw!!¶µhN
,±
tu
w«x.
°
w!xwW/^~
CKIIw
~w!}
§+t¬®¯m
}
uI2
Ç
}@}~«x
°
w!ªYA~w!}~w
¨ u
u
}~x
°
^w}Á
u
wwW´Y
IxwW±
Ê
!
2
K«K³
u
}wWGw
«x.w!YN0
u
w~w!}~w
~
II!w!}
%.0736@I)
± ¿
IwwWGw
«x.w!YC}
Kw!}
ªhw!·ªW3w}N}w2±
§
k}
w!w¨
u
u
w^
u ª
I
u
}}~w!¸YIw!Iw
^®
«Y~w
!
K}Iw!
m
^~w!A¨
u
´mw
K«}N±
¾
^
u
~w!}N^}~wÁ
u
wØÛY}+3h
!
°
~
Gw
P.2w!Kw
°«°
IwϵhIw!=¨
u
3w!}~I
}~w2±
t
w!}~k^}w}Á
w
2
Y^IÌ!w©
u
«w
u
.¨
u
u
I}~I~w!}Á&~w!}}I~w2±
tu
w3
°Ñ®
w!}~I.«}
µhI=w
~m
}=
u
w3«x.
°
w!xwW/^~
ѱ
0~
´WI
2
w!!~Iw!}}&}+w
°
I}~´2wC}++}+mw!Iw
°°
x.
}}ª
°
w
Iw!}
ªhw$µhI~w}w!
^®
W~w
!
I}¨
u
u °
´2w
u
w
®¯2
x©I!w
^®
u w«x.
°
w!xw!YØ
¨
u
w!}Gw!!
u
w}Gw!!¶µhN
,±
¿
Kw
®
u
wxA^C
ª ° wx}}
u
w!A
Iw!}~
ªGwÁA}Y}~w!x©+¨w!}~}I~w
°
2w
w
I
u
&u
´2w&
Y
YµhKw!I!w&
u
wx
°
w!xw!Y/^
ѱ
§
.
u
}hhw
I¨@wÁ
2Kw
u
wI}w
®
´2w
¶µhN^~
Aw!
u
K«¸YIw}
®¯2
u w&^I
x©@2w!Iw
^~
^®
w!}~}Iw}N±²\w
®c
I}
G
~!
°
wWGw
«x.w!Y
^®0
2w!Iw
^~
Y2°
± Ê x
m
w@
x.
°
w!wKw!}
I
®
x
Iw
°
}^IA
°
m
u
x}
=¨
u
u u
«}
Y2°
}+ªG^}w³}Á´2
°
ª
°
w+! ,2
Ä
2"±#
~
x1
u
wCx.w!
uK
2°
m«
°
«Y
^®
´Y«w¨h¨@w
u
´2w
w!
/^Ûmw«Y
^!
IY
u
wx.w!
uI
I}3I}w!(ªY
!
Iw
}±
tu
}}
u w
wN^}
?¨
u
¨@wI}~ww}&I
}~w!}
}w
°
w!!
~w!}&N}w!}±
§
®¯m
x©
°
w!}~I
}~w!}
w
®¯m
xA
°
Ì!w!=ªY)^K
xA^/I±
Ê
}x
°
^I
u
^KhwN
}&$
½&%
2'0«
¨ u
«
u
~w!}I
}w}
w
®¯2
x©
°
Ì!w=ªY(Aw!}}/^mw w!¸YIw!I!w=Ë u
~}
Â
(=IË
Ç
±0²\w¨
°°
}~w!wA«\G
^
u*)
±«y¨
u
^
w.
u
w.x©^I+sw
w!Iw!}ªGw!P¨@w!w!(
u
w}wAP¨
^I
~
u
w!}N±
tu
w u w
III
^®
u w
Wm°
}C
®c2
xA
°
Iw!}~
I~
®
u wC
~
2°
=
u
w
À Æ\°
I2h2w,íËË
§- -
U¨
u
«
u
}}KI
}w!\
ªGwC
2
w!!P±w2±+}+
u w w ®w
w!Iwx
Iw
°Ñ^®
u w
~
2°
±
tu
w
°
m
u
x¨
u
u
K}~Iw!}
u w u
wN
®
u w&2w!Kw
=
Y2°
}
x©^.
Y
ªII
ѱ
§
+}
ªG^}w
´2w
͵GN^~
³~w!
u
m°«
2Y±
§
}
I!
°
w}Á
´2w
}w.}YI
uI~
I}&
II
^®
u
w}~Øw
u³®
u w
}~hw!¶µhN^~
\^I=
u
w^I
x©
Iw!}~
ªII=w!}~ÁK
}~w2]¨
u °
w}YY
u
w!}Ì!I=
)4%(':)A<7021' D ± tu
}w!}~
^
u
}
u w!AI
®c2°
Iw!A©&
w!w.
u w tt
Ë
®c2
xA^
Â
t0
w!w^K
t
ªI
° Ë
xªIIw
/^~
Ç § ¿
m±
tu
w&
~
°
w}
2
WIÌ!w!³}
®¯m°«°
¨}±
§
=}~w!!
TKI¨@wx©Û2w&ª
w
®
}
´2w!
®
w!Y«}~II
x©^~+xw
uI
I}
®¯2
u wmw!Iw
^~
®
w!}~}Iw} I)}~Û2w!~
u u w °
IÛY}ªGw!P¨kww!(w!}~2w!Iw
^~
eI\´2w
¶µhN
ѱ
§
)}~w!!
eI0¨@w
Kw!}
ªhw.
u
wIIK}
¹
°
Yw!Y
®
u
w}~II³I\2´2w.}
uIm
Kw!}
I
®
} x.w
Y2°
}
°}
K}w!\
u
w}/^xw
}~IK I}
xw@
Y2°
}0I}w
w!YGw
x.w!YN±0Yw!!~
)
Iw!}~
ªGw!}
u
w+I
w!Iw!Y} «Y´
2°
´2w!&C
u
ww}@2w!Iw
^~
!w!}~}NYP±w2±Ñ~w!}@I
}w!}I~w!}@N^}~w!}NY
®¯m
xA^I!w
w °
,^
u
w}Gw!!¶µhN
Iw}
u
~w!!
w
^®
u w À {
¾0Ò
2°
±,²\w+
u
w!Iw}
ǻGw}w!
/.
uK
¨w!}~N^}~w!}+
w+mw!Iw
^wѱkYw!
ACh
°
Y}w}k
u w
w!}
°
~}
ªI/^Iw!.«
u ww!Yhw
xw!Y± Ñh
°°
&¨@wÁ
¨»}
x.w+
I
°
I}~
I}A}w!!~
/0I±
1
-&0 ÉC% 8 É0
2435 687:9<;=?>@9<ACBEDFACG#ACH<>C9JIK;GE;CLM9<A@N 9NO7#I9<ACN
¿
´mw
u w °
^}~ÑP¨@w!YP2w
}2
K}Iw
^ª
°
w^x
IY
^®
¨
2
Û u
}ªGw!w!
Iw
u
w@}Iª
w!
®
^K
xA^~w!2w!Iw
^~
®
~w!}}Iw}Á^
2
II
u
ww!
x.+
u
°°
w!Imw«
wÏÐhw!!~}N±,w!´2w
u w °
w}}N u w!
I}~wA
u w
wN
° ¨
m°
}}~
°°
«
®
^I!*
ÆÑÆ
P.±&Q@w!
I\
u
w&Gw
P®¯m
xA^I!w
^®
u w
°
2
«
u
x}Y¨kw&xI}~+w
°
^ª
2
^~w
® u w
u
w!
Yw
·«
}}~«}~w!·xw!
uI
2°
mw!}N±
xw^K
xA^~«0x.w!
uI
I},
m°
~w!}~I
x.w
®c
x5
!I0w!}~I^KC
wkªh}w!
&^I
x©Ø u w
2
 }ww
®c2
w x
°
wR
½
S02msË uK
0 -
]
À
- -
Ä Ë
§-
YT CQFUWV^Iy2]Ë4U
m
Ç ±
tu
w!
I«
°
w3«}
I}~Iw
u
wC}~hw!¶µhN^~
I
u
w+x.
°
w!xw!Y/^
C^}:(AwN
°
xA^
u
Iw!} ±w2±µhI~w+}/^~wI
x©Ø¨
u
u
^I}~
I}
w °
ªhw
°«°
w!.¨
u
III~}
I
IIK}N±
tu
wkmw!Iw
°
I!
°
w}0
~w!} wN^
u
I}~
®
u
wk}~hw!͵GN^~
CP±w2±
wN
u u
w}
!w}~Ø^~w22I
°
u
w&«KIIÁI
u
w!/Û³
u
^
u w
IIKÁ}
2~
w!!^K=
u
w!/Û³
u
w&Ø
2w!}~Ø^~w2±
tu
w!=w}}wW~¹
°°
©KX+]w
u
wC¨
u w/
mw!+}~Øw}
u
w!/Û2wѱ
tu
wC^I
°
NªI
°
«P
^®
u
w!}w3xw!
uI
I}
w!¸YI
w!}}
x.w^}}~IxK
I}
·
u
w}~hw!¶µhN^~
¨ u
«
u
w32w!Iw
°°
Y
}~
I
ªGw
wN
°
«}~2±(
m
w
´mw
u
w
°
m
u
x}k
w2w!Kw
°«°
W
x
°
w^I.
IIw
´mw
°
KC~w!}N}w!}±
Ê x
KC
u
w!}w&xw
uI
I}I
u
w}x
°
w}N
°
wN^}~+
¨kw
á®
° ªII+x
}~ÈI
°
N^ª
°
wxw
uI
A}+N
°«°
w!
)40217-H'36)4365-9)458H0
± §
~}
I!
°
w
x©^Ûmw
+®
°°
^I}~
I}
^®
u
w&}Gw!!¶µhN
¨
uI
I+
u
w!/ÛYIA
u
w&Ø
mw!
}~Øw2±
