HAL Id: inria-00073720
https://hal.inria.fr/inria-00073720
Submitted on 24 May 2006
HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- entific research documents, whether they are pub-
L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non,
Skewed Branch Predictors
Pierre Michaud, André Seznec, Richard Uhlig
To cite this version:
Pierre Michaud, André Seznec, Richard Uhlig. Skewed Branch Predictors. [Research Report] RR- 2978, INRIA. 1996. �inria-00073720�
ISSN 0249-6399
a p p o r t
d e r e c h e r c h e
INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET EN AUTOMATIQUE
Skewed branch predictors
Pierre Michaud, Andr´e Seznec, Richard Uhlig
N ˚ 2978
Septembre 1996
TH `EME 1
! #"%$&$&"(') +*-,.0/1243516$47"98:"<;<54"0*=2>? @*A,.0$A1CB,DE #F
GH:I
JKJLNMPOQJRSJUTAV0WJX RSY<RZX
I
J[KJR
\]S^U_
JX `a
\b
ONTAc0c
^d]
Xe0J
]
Jf H J ] f H
Jhgji%kdlnmdoM
b
Jc0XZJ[Kp
]
JqL&ldlnr!ML&ocsT-tdJR
uwvyx[z&{A|s}Azn~
aNRK
^
e0J
]
gKf ]Z^
c
]Z^
fJ[RZR
^n]
RNJKc0
^
Ye0JJc=J
]
c0c=JgJR TAg0eRZRSV0JK?V0XScJg0RSX
]
V0fXZ
^
g0R c=J
]
fY<fJdX
H
JY T
]
JpsJf
^
Kg0tgf
]
JUT-RZg0tnYeJcsJ[g0e0Jg<X
^
gt
^<^
ep
]
TAg0f H c ]
Je0fXZ
^
gNV
]
g0tX H J
csT-RZXjsdJYdJUT
]
R&
]
JRSJUT
]f H J ] R H
T&nJ?R H0^A
gX
H
T-Xp
]
T-g0f H<
c ] Jef[XZ
^
gTAffV
]
TAf[YfUT-gp=JKc ]S^
dJe
p<Yp=TARZg0tc
]
Je0fXZ
^
g0R
^
gX H J ^
V0XSf
^
KJ
^-
c ] J<
^
V0Rp
]
TAgf
H
JRUTAg<YRSV0f
H
KJ[X H0^
e0R
H
T&dJ!p=JJg
c
]S^
c ^
RSJe6p0V0X!X
H
J[YT-R H T ]
JT?f
^
KK
^
gf H T ]
TAf[XZJ
]
RSXZfdjX
H
JY
]
J<V0
]J H T ] e T ] J ]
J[R
^ V ]
fJRX
^
KcJ[KJg<XX
H
J?XTApJ[RTAg0e9RZXTAXSJ?KTAf
H
g0J[RX
H
TAX
]
Jf
^d]
eX
H
JUSd0 ¡<¢E¡£¤¥E¦n§g
#^d]
KTAXS
^
g!¨J
fUT-V0RZJ
H T ] e T ] J ]
JR
^ V ]
fJR T
]
J g<dT
]
©TAp0Y!KXZJe[XRg
^
Xªc
^
RZRZp0JX
^H0^
eT-
]
JJdTAg<Xp
]
TAg0f
H
H
RSX
^d]
Y
E^d]
TAsTAf[XZdJNp
]
T-g0f
H
JRTAXX
H
JNRTAKJ«XSKJdAJ[RZc=Jf©TAY
E^d]
¬T
]
tnJ ]^d]Z
^ T-e0Rf
^
g0RZRSXZg0t
^-
K?V0XScJc ]S^
fJRZRSJR TAge
^
csJ
]
TAXSgt
RZY<RZXSJK®f
^
e0Jd
GH
Jc ]S^
p0JK¯X
H
T-X
]
JRSV0XZRUnf
^
KK
^
g0Y ] J J
]Z]
Je
X ^
T-RA°£±A¤£©d²gX
H
Jp
]
TAg0f H<
c ] Je0fX
^n]
XT-p0JRU-RgKTAg<Y
T&Y<RRZK©T ] X^ X H
JKRZRSJRX
H
T-X
^
f[fV
]
gsg0XZJ
RS³[Je
H T ] e T ]
Jf&TAf
H
JR&
GH
J
]
RZXf
^
g%X
]
p0V0XS
^ g
^A
XH
R«c=TAc=J
]
R«X
^ c ]Z^
c ^
RZJTjf©TARZRS´sfUTAXS
^ g
E^n]
X
H0]
JJ!e0´µ:J
]
J[g%XX@Y<c=JR
^-
p ] TAg0f
H
T-¬T-RZg0t¶±f
^
Kc0V0R
^n]
Y<AfUT-csTAfX@YT-g0ef
^
g<·sfX¸¹J T
]
tdV0J!X
H
TAXTAX H^
V0t H c ]
J<
^
VR ] J
RSJUT ] f
HH
TAR
]
JRZV0XSJeg
]
Je0VfXZ
^
gRgf
^
Kc0VR
^d]
YºT-g0efUTAcsT-fX@YTA©TARSg0ts&XZXZJ
H
TARp=JJg?e
^
g0JX
^
]
Je0V0fJNf
^
g»·sfXTA©TARZg0t=:
] T
g0t
^
gJRZXTAp0R
H
Je
^d]S
gfUT-f
H
JRU
^ V ]
RSJf
^
gef
^
g<X
]
p0VXZ
^
gRX
^
c
]S^
c ^ RSJX
H
J¤Z¼n½U¾ª½¿&Zn0 ¡wÀ:Z½¿d£© &¥#¦d=T?K?V0XZ
psTAg
nXT-t
JRZR!RZX
]
V0f[XZV
]
JdeJRZtdgJe(RScsJ[f´sfUTAY
X
^]
Je0V0f[J?X
H
JKcsT-fX
^A
f ^
g<·sfXT-©T-RZg0ts
GH0]Z^
V0t H p ^ X H
T-gsTAY<XZfUT-4T-g0e(RSK?V0©TAXZ
^
g?K
^
e0JRU
J?R H0^A
X H TAX!X
H
JR
J
Jep
]
T-g0f H c ]
J[e0fX
^n]]
JK
^
nJRTRSV0p0RSXTAg<XS¬T-c
^d]
XS
^ g
^A
f ^
g<·=f[XTA©TAR
g0tp<Yg<X ]Z^
e0Vfg0t
]
J[e0V0g0esT-g0fY9X
^ X H
Jp
]
TAg0f H<
c ] J[e0fX
^n]
XT-p0JRU?aNX H0^
V0t H X H
R
]
Je0V0gesTAg0f[Y
g0f
]
JUTARSJRfUT-csTAf[X@Y9TA©TARZg0tf
^
KcsT
]
JeX
^
TwRZXT-g0esT ] e ^
g0J
psT-g
RZX
]
V0fXSV ] J
^A
f ^ KcsT
]
T-p0JRS³Jd
^ V ]
RSK?V¬T-XZ
^
gRR H0^A
X H TAX X
H J ]
Je0V0fXS
^
ggf
^
g»·sfXT-©T-RZg0t
^
dJ ] f ^
KJRX
H
RNJµÁJ[fX!X
^
Y<JeÂT
g0J[X t%T-ggc
]
Je0fXS
^
gTAffV
]
TAf[Y%
ÃÄ<Å=ÆÇÈ={dÉxA~
¨ ] TAg0f
H\]
J[e0fXZ
^
g60a ©TARSg0tq`©T-RZRZ´sf&TAXZ
^
g
b»
J Je¨
]
T-g0f H(\]
J[e0fX
^n]
ÊËAÌÍÏÎ@ÐAÑÒAÓdÔ6ÍÏÕEÍÖEÑ-×ØÕ
Ù
ÖEÚSÛZÜAÚZÎÔ6ÍÏÕEÍÏÖ#ÑA×ØÕ
Ý
ÒAÐAÞÏÍÏßUÔ6ÚZÚZÎSÖZ×ÒAÌÍÏÎ@Ðn×ÚZÓAÒ
Unit´e de recherche INRIA Rennes
IRISA, Campus universitaire de Beaulieu, 35042 RENNES Cedex (France) T´el´ephone : (33) 99 84 71 00 – T´el´ecopie : (33) 99 84 71 71
!#"%$
Ä»xÄ9~
aNdJfje0JR cc=Jg0JRe0JjX
]
T-XZJKJg<Xe0JR g0RSX
]
V0fXZ
^
g0R e0Jjc0V0RJgc0V0R©T
]
tdJ[R JXNc ]Z^-E^
g0eRU0JR
c=J ]@#^d]
KTAg0f[JRe0JRKf ]Z^
c
]Z^
fJRSRZJV
] R ] QJfJg<XZR!R
^
g<Xf
^
ge0XZ
^
g0gQJJRcsT
]
V0gKCQJfUTAgRSKJe0J!c ] QJ[e0f
XS
^
ge0JRjp
]
T-g0f
H
JKJ[g%XSR!csJ ] E^d]
KT-g%X& OQJ[fJKKJg<XUfJ
]
XTAg0RX
]
T&dT-V0We0J
]
Jf
H J ]f H J ^
g<XNK
^
g<X ] QJ
<V
^
gc
^
V0dTAX?TAKCQJ
^n]
J ]
¬T<VsTAX0QJe0J©Tc ] QJef[XZ
^
gJgRZJpsT-RT-g%X?RSV
]
JR?e
]
JfXS
^
g0R?c
]
RSJR
e0Y<gsT-K<V0JKJg<X«csT
]
JR!e0J
]
g0J
]
Rjp
]
T-g0f
H
JKJ[g%XSRU
\
V0RZJV
]
R!dT
]
¬T-XZ
^
gRe0Jf[Jc
]
g0fcsJ
^
g<XQJX0QJ
c
]S^
c ^
R0QJJRUnKT-R0JJR
^
g%X:X
^
V0XSJRJ[gf
^
KK?V0gV0XZRTAXS
^
geV0g0JXTAp0Je0Jc
] QJe0fXSJV
]
RªKRZJ
IT
_^
V ]
e0Y<gsT-K<V0JKJg<XU:`
^
KKJ©TXTAJªe0J«f[JXZXSJXTApJªJRZXKX0QJJcsT
]
Jp0V0etdJXKT-X0QJ ]
JdJXJXSJKc0R
e0Jf[Y%f[Jn<<gJRSXcsT-Rc
^
RZRSpJe0Jf
^
g0RZJ
]
dJ
]
esTAg0RfJ[XZXZJNXT-p0JX
^
VXZJg
E^d]
KT&XZ
^
g gQJf[JRZRTA
]
Jd J
c
]S^
p0
I
JKJ <V0:Jg
] QJRZV0XSJd0esT-g0RJRXT-p0JRe0J!c
] QJef[XZJV
]
R!e0J!p
]
T-g0f
H
JKJ[g%XRT-g0Re0Jg<XZ´sf&TAXZJ[V
]
R&
JRSXTAc0c=JUQJA°£©A¤£©n²dJX RT-c0csT
]
Jg<XZJTAV0W)QJf
H
Jf[ReJJfXZV
]
JesTAg0RNJR fUT-f
H
JRU
\ T ]
T-gsTA
^
tnJT&dJ[f
JRfUTAf
H
J[RU<g
^
V0R«c ]Z^
c ^ R ^
g0Re0JNf©TARZRSJ
]
ÏT-©T-RZg0t J[g?X ]Z^
R«fUT-X0QJt
^d]
J[RUTA©TARSg0t e0JNeQJKT ]Z]
TAtnJdAe0J
f ^
g<·sXU JXe0JfUTAc=TAfX0QJn
^
V0Rjg<X ]Z^
e0V0R
^
g0R!esTAgRf[J?e
^
fV0KJ[g%XNJÀ: ½¿d£© &¥E½ <¿n½&Zn0 ¡½½&0¥
Z½¿n¦d0¿nd0 ½[¤
^
V¤Z¼n½U¾ª½¿&Zn0 ¡wÀ:Z½¿d£© &¥#¦dV0g0JRZX
]
V0fXSV ] J I
Twc0V0RZJV
]
R psT-g0fR&:RT-g0R e0Jg<XS=fUT
XSJV
]
R&a)X
]
T&dJ
]
R«V0gK
^ e I
JJ T-gsTAY<XZ<V0JJXe0JR
] QJRSV0XT-XZRe0JNRZK?V0©TAXS
^
g0RU&g
^
V0RK
^
g<X ]Z^
gR4<V0JNJ
c ] QJe0fXSJV
]
eJ p
]
TAg0f
H
JKJg<X IT ]
Je
^
g0esT-g0fJRNcsJ
]
KJXªe0J ] QJe0V
]
J KcsT-fXe0J ÏTA©TARSgt e0JNf
^
g<·=X
RSV
]
©T <VsT-X0QJe0J ©T!c ] QJe0fXS
^
g¨Jg<V0JNJ[R
]
Je
^
gesTAg0f[JRg%X ]Z^
e0V0XSJR T-ff ]S^
RZRSJg<XÏT-©T-RZg0te0J
fUT-csTAf[X0QJ!csT ]]
T-c0c
^n]
X I T!V0g0J!RSX
]
VfXZV
]
JK
^ g
^A
psT-g0f«eJ KJ[KJXTAJdng
^ R ] QJRSV0XT-XZRe0J!RZK?V0©TAXS
^ g
K ^ g<X
]
Jg<X%VJ©T
] QJ[e0V0fXS
^
ge0JT-¬T-RZg0teJf
^
g»·sX f
^
Kc=Jg0RZJjÏT-V0tdKJg<XTAXS
^
g?e0JÏTA©TARSg0te0J
fUT-csTAf[X0QJd0eKg%V=TAg<X«TAg0RS:JXTAV0W?tn
^
psT-:e0J!KTAVdTARZJRªc ] QJef[XZ
^
g
)È=z x Æ } !Ä ~ \]
Q
Jef[XZ
^
geJR p
]
TAg0f
H
J[KJg<XZR&:`¬T-RZRS=fUTAXS
^
ge0JjÏT-©T-RZg0ts
\]
Je0fXZJ[V
]
e0Jp
]
TAg
H I ] ^
4w º4 j
gc ]Z^
fJRSR
^n]
RX
H
TAX
JXZf
H
K?V0XZc0Jg0RZX
]
V0f[XZ
^
g0RgcsT
]
TAJTAg0eX
H
JgeRScsTAXSf H XH
JK X ^ e0JJc
c0c=Jg0JRUe
^
³JgR
^A
g0RZX
]
V0f[XZ
^
g0RfUT-gp=JRZc=JfV¬T-XZdJ[Y
JXSf
H
JepsJ
E^d]
JTp
]
TAg0f
H
R
]
J[R
^
nJe
g0e0J ] XH
JRZJf
^
g0e0XS
^
g0RU=TKRZc
]
Je0fXSJep
]
T-g0f
H
fUT-g
]
JRZVXNgRSV0p0RSXTAg<XS¬T-4T-K
^
Vg%XSR
^-4
TARSXZJe
^d]S
T-g0ep=Jf
^
KJT?p
^
XSXZJg0Jf
X ^
JW<c0
^
XZg0t?g0RSX
]
V0fXZ
^ g
JnJcsT
]
TAJRZK(aNffV
]
TAXSJp
]
TAg0f
H
c ] Je0fXS
^ g H
TARf
^
KJX
^
c0©T&YTAgKc
^d]
XTAg<X ]S^
Jg
]
J[K
^
<g0tX
H
Rp
^
XSXZJg0J[f
aNX H0^
Vt H p ]
TAg0f
H
c ] Je0fXS
^
gf
^
g0RZRSXZR
^-
c ]
Jef[XZg0tp
^ X H X H
Jp
]
TAg0f
H
e0
]
JfXZ
^
gTAgeX
H
J p
]
TAg0f
H
XT
]
tnJXUnX
H
RªcsTAc=J
]
:e0JUT-
X H c ]
Jef[XZg0t
^
gY?X
H
Jp
]
TAg0f
H
e0
]
J[fXZ
^ g
E^n]
f ^ ge0XZ
^
gsT-sp
]
TAgf
H
JRU
TAg<Y c ]S^
c ^ RTAR
E^n]
e0Y<gsTAKfp
]
TAg0f H c ]
Je0fXS
^
gJW<RZX&
X
H
JUTAf H^
µÁJ
]
g0t f[J
]
XTAge0RZXSg0fXZnJ
J&TAXZV
]
JR&p0V0XK
^
RZXNR H T ]
JTf
^
KK
^
gf H T ]
TAfXSJ
]
RSXZfdX
H
J[Y
]
JY
^
gTf
^
Jf[XZ
^ g
^A
L
^n]
k p0X
f ^ V0g<XZJ
] R H
JegTNÀ:Z½¿d£± U¥#¦dN¥En°½UTAf
H
Jg<X ]Y ]
Jf
^d]
eRX H J ]
JfJ[g%X
^
V0XZf
^
KJ[R
^A
T!tndJg?p
]
TAg0f
H
¤%<¤¥#Z½ LZ0T-g0eRV0RZJeX
^ c ]
Je0fXNX
H
J!e0
]
J[fXZ
^ g
^A6
V0XZV ] J ^
ffV ]S]
Jg0f[JR
^A
X H
TAXRZVp0RZX
]
JUT-K(
a¯p
]
T-g0f
H
RZV0pRZX
]
JUTAK Kt
H
Xp=Je0JsgJe(p<YfJ
]
XTAgp0XSR
^A
Tp
]
T-g0f
H
TAee
]
JRSRU=p<YTp0XcsT-XZXSJ ] g
]
Jc
]
J[RZJg<XZg0tc
]
J<
^
V0R?p
]
TAg0f
H
e
]
JfXS
^
g0R(¶±X
H
J&Zn0 ¡¡0£¤¥#¦d§¸[
^d]
p<YR
^
KJf
^
K?pg=TAXZ
^ g
^-
p ] TAg0f
H
T-e0e
]
JRZR!TAg0ep
]
TAg0f HH
RZX
^d]
YÏl<:LUk0:L00r0 Z
eJUTAY%
J
^
Vej
JX
^NH
T&dJTNc
]
Jef[X
^d]
XTApJ
X
H
g<=g0XZJfUTAcsT-fX@Y!R
^ X H
T-XJdJ
]
YVg0%VJ
p ] TAg0f
H
RSV0p0RSX
]
J&TAK eJsg0Je)p<Y T-g ¶ET-e0e
]
J[RZRU
H
RZX
^d]
Y»¸wcsTA
]?
H
T&dJT e0Je0fUT-XZJeCc
]
Je0fX
^d]
O JUTA
@«^n]
ef
^
g0RZX
]
T-g<XSRU
^A
f ^ V ]
RZJd e ^ g ^ Xc=J
]
KX«X
H
RKXSJef
H
ce0JT
]
JUT?TAg0e9TAffJ[RZR
XZKJ
f ^ g0RZX
]
T-g<XSRKXc
]
Je0fX
^d]@
XT-p0J!RZ³Jd=TAg0eK
^
RSXXT-p0JRc ]S^
c ^ RZJ[egX
H
J!XZJ
]
TAXZV
]
JT
] J V ] X H J ]
f ^ g0RZX
]
T-gJegX
H
T-X«X
H
JYT
]
Je
]
JfX
KTAc0c=JeTAg0eXTAt
JRZR&
W<Je
RZ³Jec
]
J[e0fX
^n]
XTApJ[RJUTAeX
^
Tjc
H
Jg
^
KJ[g
^
g?fUT-J[eA°£±A¤£©d²LZAg
H
f
H
K?V0XScJ
¶#TAe0e
]
JRZR&
H
RZX
^n]
Y0¸csT-
]
R«R H T ]
JX
H
JRTAKJ Jg<X
]
YgX
H
J!c
]
J[e0fX
^n]
XTApJn0fUT-V0RZg0tX
H
J!c
]
Je0fXS
^
g0R
E^n]
X
^^d]
K
^d]
Jp
]
T-g0f
H
RZVp0RZX
]
JUT-KRX
^
psJNg%XSJ
]
Kg0tdJe a ©TARZg0t
H
T-Rp=JJgf©TARSRZ´sJeTARJX H J ]
¿n½¤¥#%< U¥#£&½«¶±+JdATKRZc
]
Je0fXZ
^ g ^
ffV
]
R4eV0J«X
^ R H T ]
g0t
^-
X H J«c
]
Je0fX
^d]@
XT-p0J«J[g%X
]
Y0¸n¡0d°½¤¤
¶±+Jd:X
H
TAR!g
^
Jµ:JfX
^
g9X
H
Jc
]
Je0fXZ
^
gs¸
^d]
¦d<¤¥#%< U¥#£&½?¶©@JdÁT-¬T-RZg0t
^
f[fUTARS
^
gsTAYc ]Z^
<e0JR
Tt
^%^
ec
]
Je0fXZ
^
g
H
f H^
V0e
H
T&dJp=JJg
]Z^
gt
^ XH J ]Z
RZJ&¸L
^
Vg0tJ[XTA@
H
T&dJ!R H^A
g
X H TAX!f
^
g0RZX
]
V0fXSdJTA©TARSg0tR ] T ]
J?TAg0eK?V0f
H
RSKT-J
]
gKTAtng0XZV0e0J!X
H
TAg9e0JRSX
]
VfXZdJT-¬T-RZg0t
LZ)
^d]
J ^
dJ ] ]
JfJ[g%XRSXZV0e0JR
H
T&dJR H0^A
gX
H
T-X©T
]
tdJ
^n]
K?V0XZ
c ]Z^
fJRSR
«^n]Z
^ T-e0R
X H T
RSX ]Z^
g0t b f ^
Kc
^
g0Jg<X JW
H
p0XNdJ ] Y H
t
H
e0Jt
]
JJR
^A
TA©TARZg0t!Ïr<kZT-g0e
]
J<V0
]
J?K?V0f
H
©T
]
tdJ
]
c ] Je0fX
^d]
XT-p0JRX
H
T-gc
]
J<
^
V0RZYX H0^
V0t
H
Xg0JfJ[RZRT
]
YX
^
TAf
H
JdJ!T!JdJ[
^A
TAf[fV
]
T-fY?f
^
RSJ!X
^
T-g
e0JUT-@sVgsTA©TARSJec
]
Je0fX
^n]
XTApJ"rZN¹JX H J ] J
#^d]
JJW<c=JfXX
H
TAX!g0J
XSJf
H
g0<V0JR
#^d] ]
JK
^
<g0t
T-©T-RZg0t!Jµ:JfXZRf
^
V0e?c ]Z^
<e0JKc
^d]
XTAg<X6t%TAg0RX
^A
T ] e0Rg0f
]
JUT-RZJep
]
T-g0f H<
c ] Je0fXS
^
gT-ffV
]
TAfY<
¨ ] T-g0f
H
TA©TARSg0tgsW<Je
RZ³Jd=e0
]
J[fX
KT-c0csJ[ec
]
Je0fX
^d]
XTApJ[RRgKT-g<Y
T&Y<R TAgsT-
^ t ^
V0R
X ^
g0RZX
]
V0f[XZ
^ g
fUT-f H J
^d]
esT-XT
fUT-f
H
JKRSRZJR&
GH
R?RZVtdtdJ[RZXZRT-g T-XZJ
]
gsTAXSnJf©TARZRS´sfUTAXS
^ g
E^d]
p ] TAg0f
H
TA©TARSg0tpsT-RZJe
^
gX
H
J¥¡0S½½[¢$#¤ ¦U¿n½°
^A
fUTAf
H
Jc=J ]@E^n]
KTAg0fJ
]
RZX?c ]S^
c ^
RSJep%Y&%N
'Z6a R
X
H
f&TAf
H
J!KRZRSJRU
^
ffV
]
TAg0f[JR
^-
TA©TARZg0t!fUT-gp=J!f©TARZRS´sJeT-R ¦ À d°´¤¦d§A: À0d &£©¥#§
^d]
¦d(«£© &¥TA©TARSg0ts
b
K©T
]
Yd<TAR
X
H
fUTAf
H
J[RU:©T
]
tdJ ] c ]
J[e0fX
^n]
XTAp0JR
]
JeV0fJfUTAcsT-fX@YTA©TARZg0t=
H
JTARSR
^
f©TAXS<X@Y?gTc
]
Je0fX
^d]
XTAp0JNf
^
V0ep=JV0RZJ[eX
^?]
JK
^
dJNf
^
g<·=f[X TA©TARZg0t=
g
E^n]
XZVgsTAXSJY%0TRSKc0J
Kg0e0JeT-esTAcXTAXS
^ g
^-
fUTAf
H
J?TARSR
^
f©TAXS<X@Y
^
V0e
]
J<V0
]
JX
H
JTAe
e0XS
^ g
^A
f ^
RZXSY9XT-tdR&RZV0p0RSXT-g%XS©TAYg0f
]
J&TARZg0t9X
H
Jf
^
RZX
^A
Tc
]
Je0fX
^d]
XTApJn gX
H
RjcsTAc=J
]
JJW0TAKg0JT-gÂT-XZJ
]
gsTAXSnJTAc0c ]S^
T-f
H
0fUT-JeR
J
Je9p
]
T-g0f H c ]
Je0fXS
^
g
H
f H p
^n]Z]Z^A
RNe0JUTAR
E]S^
K®R
J
Je
TARZR
^
f©TAXZnJ fUT-f
H
JR)Ïm<sL*6a¯¤ ¼n½&¾½¿&Zn0 ¡jÀ:Z½¿d£± U¥#¦dRf
^
g0RZX
]
V0f[XZJe
#]Z^
KT-g
^
ee
