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Performance Evaluation of Clock Synchronization Algorithms

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HAL Id: inria-00073159

https://hal.inria.fr/inria-00073159

Submitted on 24 May 2006

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Performance Evaluation of Clock Synchronization Algorithms

Emmanuelle Anceaume, Isabelle Puaut

To cite this version:

Emmanuelle Anceaume, Isabelle Puaut. Performance Evaluation of Clock Synchronization Algo- rithms. [Research Report] RR-3526, INRIA. 1998. �inria-00073159�

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a p p o r t

d e r e c h e r c h e

INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET EN AUTOMATIQUE

Performance Evaluation of Clock Synchronization Algorithms

Emmanuelle Anceaume and Isabelle Puaut

N ˚ 3526

Octobre 1998

TH `EME 1

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