JOHNSON Where do I pay?
cash desk
ELAD6
At the cashier's.66
Kétszáz forintba kerül.
azok
Az nagyon drága. ts mennyibe kerülnek azok a kékek?
A kékek? Azok csak sz~zhatvan forintba kerülnek.
csomagolni
csomagolja be (imperative)
A kékeket megveszem. Kérem, csomagolja be. Néhány poharat is szeretnék.
Milyen poharak vannak?
Milyent parancsol? Valami szépet?
egyszerű
sima
Csak egyszerű poharakat akar. • venni.
Ezek szépek és nem drágák.
tucat
Adjon egy tucatot.
ts
kérem, csomagolja be azokat is.Tessék.
Hol fizetek?
pénztár, -ak
A pénztárnál.
HATVANHAT
SPOKEN HUNGARIAN to forget I forgot aspirin JOHNSON
I forgot to buy some aspirin and cigarettes.
medicine pharmacy
on the other hand, however tobacco shop
MOLNÁR
You can get medicine only in a pharmacy. Cigarettes, however, you get at the tobacco shop.
strong
mild, weak JOHNSON
Is i t possible to get American
cigarettes? Hungarian cigarettes are very strong.
difficult, heavy we
we usually MOLNÁR
It's difficult to get them in Pest.
We usually get them in Vienna.
future next week I go then
for you, to you JOHNSON
Next week I'm going to Vienna. Then 1'11 bring some for you too. O.K.?
grateful 1'11 be MOLN~~
1'11 be very grateful if you do.
to smoke
you smoke; he, she smokes JOHNSON
Do you smoke very much?
MOLN~R
Unfortunately quite a lot.
HATVANHtT
III
UNIT
4
elfelej teni elfelej tettem aszpirin
Elfelejtettem aszpirint és cigarettát venni.
orvossag
,
9yeS9'YS zertár pedig
doh;{nybolt
orvosságot csak ~y6gyszertárbanlehet kapni. cigarettat pedig a dohány-Doltban.
erős
gyenge
Lehet amerikai cigarettát kapni?
A magyar cigaretta nagyon erős.
nehéz mi
szoktunk
Pesten nehéz kapni. Mi Bécsben szoktunk venni.
jövőjövő hét megyek akkor
maguknak (plural)
Jövő héten megyek Bécsbe. Akkor hozok maguknak is. JeS?
hálás leszek
Nagyon hálás leszek, ha hoz.
dohányozni ..i.ohányzik
Sokat dohányzik?
Sajllos, elég sokat.
67
(In the pharmacy) ELADÓ
What can I do for you?
box, car ton JOHNSON
I want a box of aspirin.
ELADÓ
Don't you want anything else?
oandage
disinfectant, antiseptic JOHNSON
I'd like some bandage and antiseptic.
wide narrow ELADÓ
Do you want wide or narrow bandage?
at home
bottle, glass JOHNSON
Narrow. We have plenty of wide bandage at home. And I want a small bottie of antiseptic.
ELADÓ
Here you are. That's 70 forints altogether.
JO~SON
Here's a hundred forints.
back
due (as change) money
ELADÓ Here's the change.
(On the street)
you buy; he, she buys MOLNÁR
Are you still going to buy something more?
68
IV
V
(A gyógyszertárban)
Mi tetszik?
doboz
Kérek egy doboz aszpirint.
Mást nem parancsol?
kötszer fertótlenftó
szeretnék kötszert és fertótlen!tót.
széles keskeny
Széles vagy keskeny kötszert parancsol?
otthon uveg
Keskenyet kérek. Széles kötszer van otthon.
ts
kérek egy kis üvegfertótlen!tót.
Tessék. Ez osszesen hetven forint.
Itt van száz forint.
vissza visszajáró pénz
Tessék a visszajáró pénz.
(Az utcán) vesz
Vesz még valami mást is?
HATVANNYOLC
child stocking
skirt blouse glove
underclothing, linen I buy
JOHNSON
I'm st i l l going to buy two pairs of children's stockings. Where can I get them?
pioneer MOLNÁR
Perhaps in the Pioneer Store.
JOHNSON Then let's go there.
year years old how old MOLNÁR
How old are the children?
boy already past, gone JOHNSON
The boy's
8
years old. The girl's already past 12.to go, walk school
to attend school MOLNÁR
Where do they go to school?
elementary, g~arnmar
middIe high school JOHNSON
The boy goes to the English grarnmar school, and the girl to high school.
MOLNÁR
Do they .like to go to school?
al!, every, each student
HATVANKILENC
- - - -
4
gyerekharisnya szoknya blúz
kesztyű fehérnemű veszek
Még két pár gyerekharisnyát veszek.
Hol lehet azt kapni?
úttörő
Talán az dttörő .(ruházban.
Akkor menjünk oda.
ev,
,
eves hány éves
Hány évesek a gyerekek?
fiú
,mar elmúlt
A fiú nyolc éves. A kislány már tizenkét éves elmúlt.
járni iskola
iskolába járni
Hova járnak i3kolába?
elemi közép
középiskola
A fiú az angol elemibe jár, a kislány meg kö~'?iskolába.
Szeretnek iskolába járni?
mind tanu16
69
JOHNSON
Yes. Both are good students.
to that to this really
to be glad, delighted, pleased MOLNÁR
I'm really happy about that.
soon, before long Hungary
in Hungary JOHNSON
Summer will soon be here. What's the summer like in Hungary?
pleasant, agreeable apartment, flat
your, thetr apartment cool
MOLNÁR
Very pleasant. Not too hot. How's your apartment? Cool enough?
in Buda
to dwell, live in room
JOHNSON
Yes. We live in a big apartment in Buda. The rooms are quite cool.
furnished MOLNÁR
Is the apartment already furnished?
eompletely radio lamp
pieture bed
wardrobe, eabinet, closet table
JOHNSON
Not eompletely yet. We have to buy a radio and a few lamps.
to hope I hope MOLNÁR
I hope you find niee lamps. But I've got to go now. See you later.
70
Igen. Mind a ketté jó tanuló.
annak ennek
. ,
~gazan
örülni
Annak igazán nagyon örülök.
nemsokára Magyarország Magyarországon
Nemsokára i t t van a nyár. Milyen a nyár Magyarországon?
kellemes lakás lakásuk
hűvös
Nagyon kellemes. Nem túl meleg. Milyen a lakásuk? Elég hűvös?
Budán lakni szoba
Igen. Budán lakunk egy nagy lakásban.
A szobák elég hű~ ~k.
berendezve
Már be van a lakás rendezve?
e~és~en radio lámpa kép ágy, -at szekrény asztal
Még nem egészen. Egy rádiót és néhány lámpát kell venni.
remélni remélem
Reméle~találszép lámpákat. De most megyek. Viszontlátásra.
HETVEN
SPOKEN HUNGARIAN
Consonant Assimilation
Notes on Pronunciation
Often when words are spoken together or when endings are added to words, there is a modification in their pronunciation that is not reflected in writing.
For example, the word 'had' by itself has a different pronunciation from the same word in the combination 'had two'~ likewise the pronunciation of 'horse' by itself sounds quite different from the same word compounded into 'horseshoe' although again the spelling does not show this difference. In cases like the above, when two or more consonant sounds come together and the pronunciation of the first one or two is modified in such a way as to make it 'blend' with the last, those consonants thatare modified in pronunciation are said to be ass imi-lated to the last one. In the first example above, the 'd' of 'had' has been assimilated to the ' t ' of 'two'.
The principle of assimilation plays a very important part in Hungarian pronunciation. Because of the aggIutinative nature of the language with its richness of suffixes,assimilation is a common process.in the spoken language.
In order to make his pronunciation actually sound like Hungarian and really acceptable to the native Hungarian speaker. the student will have to keep in mind the modificatioLs caused by the process of assimilation, and practice these changes as they occur in speech.
To understand how assimilation works, the student must keep in mind that speech sounds are classified into two categoriesa voiced sounds and voice less sounds. A voiced sound is one that is produced by tonal vibration of the vocal cords. A voiceless sound is one made without the vibraticn. An easy way to train oneself to recognize the difference between voicelessness and voicing is to cover the ears tightly with the hands and say, aloud, a pair of words like 'pack:
bag: pack: bag'. Astrong buzz is audible throughout the word 'bag', but only for the vowel of 'pack'. Or the vibration can be felt with the fingers by
pressing them gent ly against the 'Adam's apple'.
The following table lists most of the Hungarian voiced and voice less
consonants. (Note that the articulation of any voiced consonant and its voiceless counterpart placed immediately below i t in the chart is the same~ the only
difference between the tHO is the element of voicing. For examplp., 9. and ~ are the same sounds except that 9. is voiced and ~ is not.)
Voiced:
Voiceless:
b d g gy v z zs P t k ty f sz s
In Hungarian whenever a voiced consonant comes before any unvoiced consonant, whether in the same word or in two contiguous words spoken in one breath group,
the voiced consonant is assimilated and pronounced as unvoiced.
Likewise, if an unvoiced consonant comes before any voiced consonant, the unvoiced consonant is pronounced as voiced.
Practice
R..::...E. E...=...E.
d - t ~ ~zsebkendő népdal adtam füstbe üveg sör
dobtam képzel hadsereg tút gyárt légkör
abszolút ép zsák szedd fel forintba zengte
~ gy
-
ty ty - gy y....::....i ~csak gyufa egyszeL·ú füttydal névtelen csúf dolog New Yorkban egy cigaretta löttyben évforduló csúf zaj lakva egy - két fütty zsendül évkor
HETVENEGY
71
z - sz
azt vízpart tűzkársz - z szászdal Jászberény kész gyártmány
zs - s rozskenyér törzstiszt varázspor
s - zs városban keresd
világos gyár Notes on Grammar
(For Home Study) A. Position of the Direct Object in a Sentence
Kérek egy bélyeget.
Találnak egy levelet.
Képet raj zol.
I want a stamp.
They find a letter.
He's drawing a picture.
Note in the above examples that in an affirmative sentence the direct object may come either before or after the verb. When i t is placed before the verb, the indefinite article may be omitted. When the object follows the verb, the indef-inite article is generally used.
Nem írok leve~et.
Nem olvasunk könyvet.
I'm not writing a letter.
We're not reading a book.
In negative sentences like the two above, the position of the direct object is always after the verb and ~ is placed immediately before the verb. Note that the indefinite article is omitted in this pattern.
B. Use and Agreement of Adjectives
Adjectives (for example:
iQ -
'good', tiszta -'clean', Eiszkos - 'dirty', éhes - 'hungry', meleg - 'warm', hideg - 'cold' ,) have the following general functions in Hungarian:l. Attributes, which correspond to the English limiting and descriptive adjectives placed before the noun they modify.
2. Predica tes, which correspond to predicate adjectives in English.
3·
Substantives (with noun to wnich they refer not expressed).When used as an attribute, the adjective in Hungarian is invariable, as in E~glish, wi th the exception of the demonstrative adjective ('this', 'that'), which must agree in number and case wi th the noun i t modifiess
Ismerek egy magyar urat.
Piros cipőt akar venni.
Ezek az angol lányok.
I know a Hungarian gentleman.
She wants to buy red shoes.
These are the English girls.
When used as a predicate, the adjective will always agree in number with the subject:
Az a két ceruza piros.
Ezek az ágyak alacsonyak.
A tanulók magyarok.
Those two pencils are red.
These beds are low.
The students are Hungarian.
When used as a substantive, its number will be determined by the noun that i t describes, and its case will depend-on the way i t is used in the sentence:
72
Meleg teát akar? Nem, Piros rózsákat vesz?
fehéreket.
Angol anyagot vásáre.
amerikait.
Itt vannak a jók?
hideget.
Nem, Nem,
Do you want hot tea? No, cold.
Is he buying red roses? No, white ones.
Is he shopping for English material? No, American.
Are the good one~ here?
HETVENKETTŐ