Stability of Discrete-time Systems : New Criteria and Applications to Control Problems

HAL Id: inria-00073692

https://hal.inria.fr/inria-00073692

Submitted on 24 May 2006

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- entific research documents, whether they are pub- lished or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.

L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

Stability of Discrete-time Systems : New Criteria and Applications to Control Problems

Abderrahman Iggidr, Mohamed Bensoubaya

To cite this version:

Abderrahman Iggidr, Mohamed Bensoubaya. Stability of Discrete-time Systems : New Criteria and

Applications to Control Problems. [Research Report] RR-3003, INRIA. 1996, pp.18. �inria-00073692�

a p p o r t

d e r e c h e r c h e

INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET EN AUTOMATIQUE

Stability of Discrete-time Systems : New Criteria and Applications to Control Problems

Abderrahman Iggidr and Mohamed Bensoubaya

N ˚ 3003

Septembre 1996

TH ` EME 4

4655 78289:-;82< >=? 7 "

@BADC%EF!FHGJIKLGJMONPQPQRSC%FUT$GJM/CWVWXQI/GJKEYC[ZEM\X]AG^<G

_`ba

cd$c7egfihjkdmlYnporqsjktUucqvtxwJqsjkd$jkyzorqsjktxu

{

cys|y}q

a

cdBcy~txdBwYnkccy

€

tƒ‚cq„~txuY…†c

‡

oUwYwQt

 q { c 

c~

` c  ~ `

cˆu‰Šx‹x‹ŒŠBfhcwJqscdmŽ



c$ƒŒx‘„f’ƒ“gwoU…Œcy

”8•/–—!˜U™šU—Œ›œ_`

coUjkdˆtrq

`

jžy7o



qsjk~nkc7jžyq}tmw



cyscuq7ystŒd$cvuJcŸ?ysqoUŽYjknkjkq |mysl¡$~jkcuq~tŒu

{

jkqsjktŒuYy¢t



{

jky}~



cq}c£ qsjkd$cBuYtxuYnkjkuYcƒo



ys|y}qscdByƒ¤¦¥ qgy

`

tUŸy

`

tUŸ§qst¦lJyscuYtxuJuYc…¨orqsjk©xcmy}cd$jª£

{

c«uJjžq}c¢lYuY~qsjktxuYy

oryœ¬­|oUwYlJuYtU©¢lYuY~qsjktxuYyjkuYy}qscƒo

{

tUwtŒysjkqsjk©Œc

{

c«uYjkqscgtxuYcy®¢t



y}qsl

{

|¨jkuY…mq

`

cy}qzoUŽJjžnkjkq |mtUo…xjk©xcu

y}|¨y}qscd¯¤h°c©xc



oUnQcYoUdBwYnkcyoUu

{

ystŒd$coUwYwYnkjk~ƒorqsjktxuYy%qst~txuq



txnYq

`

ct



|±o



cw



cyscu¨q}c

{

qst7jknknžlJysq



oUq}c

q ` c©xo



jktxlYyq

`

ct



cd$yƒ¤

²B³´Qµz¶·Q˜x¸–U›

{

jº¹­c



cuY~c¯c»loUq}jktxuYy!¼Dy}cd$jª£

{

c«uJjžq}cB¢lYuY~q}jktxu<¼ysqoUŽYjknkjkq |¨¼%½cc

{

Žor~¾b¼uYtŒuYnkjkuYcƒo



~tŒuq



tŒn<y}|¨y}qscdByƒ¤

¿kÀmÁ

ÂÄàŃÆ

Á

ÂÈÇÉkàʽËÌ

ÍÎÐÏÏÎÐÑUÒ Ó<ÎÐÔÐÕ7ÖÔÐ×ÒpÎÐØUÖÙºÒ

Unit´e de recherche INRIA Lorraine Technopˆole de Nancy-Brabois, Campus scientifique,

615 rue de Jardin Botanique, BP 101, 54600 VILLERS L ` ES NANCY (France)

4655 &82$6 = / & '„ˆ3 }4mm "7$ 2$m2

!2„

³°–³¯›

¬­cŽJlYq

{

c7~cq7o



q}jk~nkcœcysq

{

cw

 †cyscuqsc



»lYcnž»lYcyvuYtŒlY©xcƒorlY



cyslYnkqzorqsy

{

cysqoUŽYjknkjkqY†cx¤

¥ nyÐor…xjkq

{

cg~txu

{

jžq}jktxuYy„ysl¡$yoUuqscy

{

cysqoUŽYjknkjkqY†cwQtxl



nkcy„ys|ysq

a

cd$cyœuJtxu¦nkjku†cƒorj



cyvcu q}cd$wYy

{

jky £

~ 

cqƒ¤„u dBtxuq



c~txdBd$cuqtxu¦wQclYqglYqsjknkjkysc

 {

cy„¢txuJ~qsjktxuJyœy}cd$jª£

{ †c«uJjžcyv~tŒd$d$c®¢txuJ~qsjktxuJy { c

¬ |¨oUwQtxlJuYtU©

a

o8nowJnor~c

{

c7¢tŒuY~qsjktŒuYy

{

c0«uYjkcy7wtŒysjkqsjk©Œcyƒ¼QwQtxl



ncq}l

{

c»lornkjžqoUq}jž©Œc

{ lYu¦ys|y}q

a

cdBc

{

tŒuYu†cx¤

€

txl



jknknklYysq

 c 

nkcy

{

jª¹­c



cuq}yq

` †ct

a

cd$cy!¼­wYnklYysjkcl



yccdBwYnkcyvy}c



tŒuq

{

txuJu cyƒ¼%oUjkuYysjÈ»¨lJc†

{

cyœoUwJwYnkjž~!oUqsjktŒuYy

a

onpogq

` †ct



jkc

{

l~tŒu¨q

!

tŒnžcŒ¤

"W·Q—H–0µ0š$#%³ ›'&

»loUq}jžtŒuYyœorlY

{

jº¹7†c 

cuY~cy!¼Q¢tŒuY~qsjktŒu y}cd$jª£

{ †c«uJjžcŒ¼YysqoUŽYjknkjkqY†cx¼Œ½cc

{

Žor~¾b¼Qy}|¨y}q

a

cdBcy

uYtŒunžjku†c!oUj



cy~txuq

(

txnƒ†cyƒ¤

Š

9 :

2<$3 $82

¥ uq

`

jžyworwc



¼YŸc7ŸjžnknYc¨q}cu { q `

c7ŽoUy}jk~



cyslYnkqsy„jku$q

`

cœ~norysy}jž~!oUn<¬­|oUwYlJuYtU©q

`

ct



|m½t

 {

jkys~



cqsc£

q}jždBc$uYtŒuYnkjkuYcƒo



y}|ysqscd ¤<; …xtt

{

jžuq

 t {

lY~q}jktxuqst ~nporysysjk~ƒornœ¬ |¨oUwJlYuYtU© q` ct



|>½t

 {

jª¹­c



cuJ~c

c»lorqsjktxu jžy)=А>ļ=Б">Ĥ„¬<oxhJoUnknkcœjku?=kƒ‹@>…xtcy„Žc|xtxu { q` c {

c©ŒcnktxwYdBcuqsy„qstmŽQc¢tŒlYu

{

jku¦q

`

cysc



c½c£



cuY~cy!¼­oUu

{

…xjk©Œcy ogulYdmŽQc



tr



cyslYnkq}yvq

`

oUqo



c7©Œc



|Bjžuq}c



cy}qsjkuY…¢t

 {

jº¹­c



cuY~cc»¨lQoUqsjktŒuYyƒ¤BAlYq

q `

jkyD~nporysysjk~ƒorn<oUwYw



t¨or~

`

jkyDcysyscu¨q}jpoUnknk|Žorysc

{

tŒu$q

`

cv~tŒuYysq



lY~q}jktxutUogyslYjkqoUŽYnkcvwQtxy}jkqsjk©xc

{

c0«uYjkqsc

¬ |¨oUwJlYuYtU©¢lYuJ~qsjktxuDCpjkcœogwQtxysjkq}jž©Œc

{

c0«uYjkqsc„¢lYuJ~qsjktxuBŸ

`

jk~

`

jky

{

c~



c!oUysjkuY…$ornktxuY…q

`

c„q



o‚c~q}t



jžcy

tr/q

`

c7~txuJysj { c  c {

ys|y}qscdFE¤

¥ q7jkyœornžŸo!|yuYtxq„cƒoUy}|¦qst8«u

{

yslY~

`

¢lYuY~qsjktxu<¤ GJt

 {

jº¹­c



cuqsjpoUnc»lorqsjktxuYy„q

` c 

cmjkyœoru¦cqscuJysjk©xc

nkjkqsc



oUq}l



cŸ

`

jk~

`

…xjk©xcyornžq}c



uQoUqsjk©ŒcDdBcq

` t {

yq}tœc¨wJnžt



cq

`

cysqoUŽYjknkjkq |œtrb~txuqsjklYtŒlYyys|ysq}cd$y!¤ „uYc

~ƒorud$cuqsjktŒu$q

`

cœdBcq

` t {

cœtry}cd$jª£

{

c«uYjkq}cœ¬­|oUwYlJuYtU©¢lYuY~qsjktxuYy=IH@>ļ

{

c~txd$wQtxy}jkqsjktxuBqsc~

`

uYjk»lYc

¢t



npo



…xc0£Sy}~ƒoUnkc7ys|ysq}cd$y =keY¼­JY¼­ƒŠ¼,J@>s¼x~cu¨q}c



doUuYjª¢tŒn { d or~

`

jžuJc



|K=Њ><cq}~x¤(L„tUŸDc©Œc

 q ` c 

cjky o

¢cŸOnkjkqsc



oUq}l



c7½t

 {

jª¹bc



cuY~cc»lorqsjktxuYy!¤

_`

c„wYl



wtŒysc7tU<q

`

jkyDworwc



jkyq}tw



txwQtxy}cœo7uYcŸOoUwYw



t¨or~

`

qstgcwYnkt



c„q

`

c„ysqoUŽYjknkjkq |trbuYtŒuYnkjkuYcƒo



{

jky}~



cq}c$q}jždBc7ys|ysq}cd$y!¤M cy

`

tUŸ¼­lJu { c 

ystŒd$c~txu

{

jkq}jžtŒuYyƒ¼ q ` orqœq

` c 

cy}lYnkqsytr®¬ |¨oUwJlYuYtU© o  c

y}qsjknkn©xoUnkj

{

Ÿjkq

`

y}cd$j

{

c«uYjkqscBuYtxuJuYc…¨orqsjk©xcg¢lYuJ~qsjktxu?N oUy¬ |¨oUwJlYuYtU©¢lJuY~qsjktŒu[¤

_`

cmuorqsl



oUn

jkuqsc



cysq„jkyq

`

orqjžqjkylYyslQoUnknk|mcƒoUy}jžc



qst«Qu

{

ouYtŒuYuYc…oUq}jž©Œc„¢lYuY~q}jktxuq

`

oru¦owQtxy}jžq}jk©xc7txuYcŒ¤

„l

 d orjžu



cy}lYnkqjžyo7…xcuJc



ornžjkyoUqsjktŒutr¬­|¨orwYlYuYtU© yq

`

ct



cd$yÈjžumq

`

cvy}cuYy}cœq

`

oUqȟ

`

cu$q

`

c½lYuY~£

q}jžtŒuN tU­txl

 q `

ct



cd$yjky

{

c0«uYjkqsc„q

` c 

cyslYnkq}yDtr<q

`

jkyworwc



nkcƒo

{

q}tq

`

cv¬ |¨orwYlYuYtU© yq

`

ct



cdByv¤

_`

c7worwc



jžyt



…oUuYjkysc

{

oUy½txnknktUŸyPO¥ uy}c~qsjktŒuQJgŸc



c~ƒornžn­y}txdBcvuYtŒqzoUq}jktxuYyoUu {B{

c«uJjžq}jktxuYy!¼¥ u

y}c~qsjktŒu ŠgŸcœy}qzorqscoUu { w 

tU©Œc7q

`

c7d orjkuq

`

ct



cd$y!¤hc~q}jktxu$e…xjk©ŒcyDy}txdBcvjknknžlJysq



oUq}jžuJ…cYoUdBwYnkcy

oru { 

cdo



¾¨y!¤$¥ u wQo



q}jk~lYnpo



¼ŸDcmy

`

tUŸ

`

tU٤txl



cyslJnžq}y~!oUu ŽQc

`

cnkw½lYnknqst or~

`

jkc©xcmq

`

c$nkt~ƒoUn

y}qzoUŽJjžnkjkq |B¢t



~ƒoUy}~ƒo

{

cmys|ysq}cd$y!¼­ys|ysq}cd$y7Ÿjkq

`

~txuYy}qzoru¨qgtUDdBtxqsjktŒu oUu

{

cy}wc~jpoUnknk|¦Ÿ

`

cu¯q

`

cnkjª£

uYc!o



jkyoUqsjktŒu¦qsc~

`

uJjž»lYc oUjknkc

{

¤¥ u¦y}c~q}jžtŒuSRmŸc…xjk©ŒcoUu orwYwYnkjk~ƒoUq}jktxutUDq

` c 

cy}lYnkqsy7tUDy}c~q}jžtŒu Š

q}t$q

`

c¢cc

{

Žor~z¾ ysqzorŽYjknkj0T!oUqsjktŒu oru

{

Ÿc { c 

jk©xcmonžjkuY¾ŽQcq Ÿccu¯q

`

c)Tc

 t y}qzorqsc

{

cqsc~qzorŽYjknžjkq |¦oUu

{

q ` coUq}q



oU~q}jž©jkq |mtUq

`

c Tc



tBystŒnžlJqsjktxu<¤

U ) 7m2$ 2$3’=?v H '!2$7„

¬ cqvlYy~txuYy}j { c 

ogys|ysq}cd tU

{

jª¹bc



cuY~cc»lorqsjktxuJy

V W

CXZY 7E([]\^C

W

CX,EE W`_ba

\^C¢‹Ec[O‹

Cs7E

Ÿ ` c c a

jkyo7uYcjk…

`

ŽQtxl

s`

tt

{

trq

`

cvt



jk…xjkumjku$¥

‡/d

oru

{

\4OU¥

‡de

¥

‡/d

jky og~tŒu¨q}jku¨lJtxlYyȝ¢lYuY~qsjktxu<¤

GJt



cƒoU~

` f _ba

¼UnkcqlYy

{

cuYtxq}cDŽ|\,ghC

f

E­q

`

c©xoUnklYcDorqq}jkd$c(X7tUQq

`

cystŒnžlJqsjktxutriCsE%ysqzo



q}jžuJ…œoUq

f

¤BM c  c~ƒornžn%q

`

orqj\ g Cf

E([k\^C\ g2lnm Cf EEo1\p2C

f

E([

f

¤BM c  c~!oUnkn<q

`

oUq~tŒuqsjkulYjkq |mtUq\ jkyDy}l¡$~jkcuq

q}tm…xlo



oUuq}cc7cjžy}qscuJ~c±oru

{

lYuYjk»lYcuYcysyvtry}txnklYqsjktŒuYy¢t



cƒor~

`

jžuJjžq}jpoUnQysqzorqsc

f

_a

¤

¥ u¯…xcuYc



ornŸc$o



cjkuqsc



cysq}c

{

jku¯wtŒjžuq}y W p

_ra

y}lY~

` q `

orqs\^C W p

EZ[

W p ¤

_`

c| o 

cmlYyslornknž|

~ƒornknžc

{r1t7u3 u3v.,*w

trbq

`

cvy}|ysqscd ¤(xt

}

cy}wtŒu

{

jkuY…qstc!oU~

`

c»lYjknkjkŽ



jklYd.wtŒjku¨q W p

¼ŒŸc

`

o!©Œc

o~tŒuYysqoUuqystŒnklYqsjktxuF\,ghC W p

Ecy W p

tUPC}7E¤

G%j



y}qvŸc



c~ƒornžn%ystŒd$cvlJyslorn­uYtxqoUqsjktŒuYyvoUu

{

ysqoUu { o  {¦{

c«uYjkqsjktŒuYyZO

e

\jC

f

EB[@\wgC

f

Eo1X _ ¥¨¤

Cf

Ejkyq

`

c£ nkjkd$jkqyscqvtU

f ¤

[ W`_

¥‡ d O

W

¨¼

[ W`_

¥‡ d O

W

"!#¨¼%$

[&

W`_

¥‡ d O

W

['¨¤

(B³*),+.-½—-¢·+0/'1

W p _ a 2*K1t7u3 7u3<.,*,243 8) 5w

CsE

1 1. u3*,*6 02

W p

2Z5,2

W p 1 1.hu3*,7682 Z1tu3 0u3 .,*,w

Cs7E98

n2j1:5

<; ‹

5w7 j . 5=67

>

u :5K5,23 1:5

W

%(5

W@?KW

p

A

>

2*,+ 12B5` u32*

\,g!C

W

E:8 5w7*

\,g!C W E

?QW

p

2

5

XC;O‹

D3E5,*

C}7E

*w

1 ". u3*,*62

W p 8

%()2 5, u3*3 0 2

W p 8

) 5w

W p Zu3*32

C}7E

¬ |¨orwYlYuYtU©y}qzorŽYjknžjkq |

`

oUyq

`

c®¢txnknktUŸjkuY…

`

cl



jkysq}jk~vd$c!oUuYjkuY…Q¤

_`

jkuY¾tU

W p

oUyo

{

cy}j

 c {

y}qscƒo

{

|Σ

y}qzoUq}c¦tUtŒl



ys|ysq}cd ¤ ADc~ƒoUlYy}c trœlYuJw

 c {

jž~qzoUŽJnžc wc



qsl



ŽoUq}jktxuYyDCpŸ

`

jk~

` o  c yslYwYwQtxy}c

{

q}t Žc

y}d oUnknE¼Qq

`

cm~l

}

cuqysqzorqscmtr q `

cmys|ysq}cdjkyoU~q}loUnknk|

W&F

[ W p

¤$¬­|oUwYlJuYtU©¦ysqoUŽYjknkjkq |…xlo



oUuq}ccy

q ` oUqc©xc

 | ysqzorqscm©xornžlJcqoU¾xcu Ž¨|¯q

`

cmys|ysq}cdjžu jkq}yv½lYqsl



c$c©ŒtxnklYq}jžtŒu¦jkyuYtŒqqsttBSo

 

txd q` c

{

cysj

 c {

txuYcŒ¤

€/`

|y}jž~!oUny}|¨y}qscdBy7lYyslornknž|

`

o!©xcq

`

jky7w



txwQc



q |¤m¥ u SoU~q!¼

{

lYcq}t

{

oUdBwYjkuY…¢t



~cy!¼

Ÿ `

orqoU~q}loUnknk|

`

orwYwQcuYyjky<q

`

oUqq

`

coUdBwYnkjkqsl

{

c%tUjkuYjkq}jornUwc



qsl



ŽorqsjktxuYy

{

c~



cƒoryscyoUu

{

c©xcu¨q}loUnknk|

©xoruYjky

`

cy!¤

_`

jkyw

`

|ysjk~ƒornžnk|jkdBwt



qzoruq/oryswQc~qjkyuYtxq



c:Gc~qsc

{

Ž¨|IH„c«uYjkq}jžtŒu Œ¤

_`

lYy!¼ŸDcvo



c„nžc

{

q}tmjžuq

 t {

lY~coy}q



tŒuY…xc



uYtŒqsjktxu<¤

¬ cq<JˆŽcgq

`

c7yscqvtUwtŒjku¨q}y

f

_ba

¢t

 Ÿ `

jž~

`

nkjkd

gLKMN

\ g Cf E([

W p

`

tŒn

{

yƒ¼°¢t



ornžn­y}txnklYq}jžtŒuYy\,ghC

f

EjkysyslJjžuJ…



tŒd

f

¤OJ jky~ƒornknžc { q ` c

22*K2272*

¼t

 +2)*

227*

tr

W p

¤/;vu c»lYjknžjkŽ



jklYdˆwQtxjkuqjžy„yzorj

{

q}tmŽc

=67

jªjžqjky7oUujku¨q}c



jkt



wtŒjžuqtr

jkqsy



c…xjktxu¯tUoUqsq



or~qsjktxu%¤ M cyzo!| ornkyst$q

`

oUqC}7EjkyoUq}q



oU~q}jž©Œc±orq W p

¤7¥ u¯…xcuYc



orn ¼<oUu oUq}q



or~qsjk©Œc

c»lYjknkjkŽ



jklYdWwQtxjkuq<jky<uYtŒquYc~cy}yzo



jknk|¬­|oUwYlYuJtU©œy}qzorŽYnkcZC½oUucYord$wYnkc~ƒoUuŽQc¢tŒlYu

{

jku =e>s¼!w<¤7HŒ‹E¤

(B³*),+.-½—-¢·+QP

3` "25,2

Cs7E

/ 01 . 1 j 0 B5, 1t7u3 u3v.,*w

W p

2

5,2 W p

01 5 .h215 082 1tu 0u3 . 5*2

Cs7E

(

1 ". u3*,76) 0

2*,+FR62 W p

¥ uq

`

cysc»lYcn<ŸcœŸjknkn­qzor¾xc W p

[O‹J¤

(B³*),+.-½—-¢·+QS - 7T K*%6*,)

\^C

T

EF[

T 8 . 5=67 0?*U672*w

\^C

T

EWV

T 2*,+

*,X2R6 *%62*,/<T

V \^C T E

GJt



oru|¦wtŒysjkqsjk©Œcnk|¦jku¨©xo



jpoUuq„yscq

T

¼YJ[Z?Ÿjknžn

{

cuYtŒqscmq

` c 

cnorqsjk©xc

{

tŒd oUjku¦tr®orqsq



oU~qsjk©jžq | jS¤cx¼

J[Zv[\J']

T ¤

(B³*),+.-½—-¢·+_^`1 T 1 05 +s. 5=67 0)*%6*,BBu3B54 5w

‹ _

TaIb5,)c* j+

1)#

d

™e T ?

2 gf

h; ‹i

> ; ‹)O\j C lk

] T E<V

m

d

•<e T ?

5" . 1 0)2 Z <T

?

0*w+ 5,)Bn2 >

;L‹

u3B5D5,2

nkjkd

d

KMN

\ d CW E([O‹

f

WF_

T ] k m

R

¥ u q `

cmy}c»lYcn ¼jªq

`

cBys|ysq}cd CsE

`

oryouYtŒuYuYc…oUqsjk©Œc$¬­|¨orwYlYuYtU© ¢lYuY~q}jktxu

{

c«QuYc

{

jku ouJcjk…

` £

ŽQtxl

}`

tt

{

tUDq

`

cmt



jž…ŒjkuV

a

¼%ŸDcŸjknkn

{

cuYtxq}cmŽ|

p q ` cyscqgŸ

` c 

c;©xoruYjky

`

cyƒ¼§q

`

cmy}cq

Ÿ ` c  cq

` c {

jº¹­c



cuY~cmtr§oUnktxuY…mq

`

cq



o‚c~qst



jkcy7tUq

`

cys|ysq}cd6©xoruYjky

`

cyƒ¼­oUu

{

&q

`

cnpo



…Œcysq

jku©xo

 joruqDy}cq~txuqoUjkuYc

{

jkum¤

„uYc¯~ƒoUucƒorysjknk|y

`

tUŸ q ` orq

p

¼ oru

{ o 

c¦~nžtŒysc

{

yscq}yƒ¼

p

jkymwtŒysjkqsjk©Œcnk|>jku©xo



jporu¨qmoUu

{

p

m¤

H2 /„ 8 0

_`

c&«



y}qq

`

ct



cd ~txuY~c



uYy7q

`

c&¬ |¨orwYlYuYtU©my}qzoUŽJjžnkjkq |¤

³·Q˜U³% / 5,:n2hZ*w7c5,12u 5,7+

#V

a

/ 5w*)*w+(u3*,*

_

p C os¥

‡ E

u3B5D5,2

d

/je

bC

W

E ‹

2

WQ_

2*,+

bC½‹EB[W‹

d

Pe

C

W

E([C\^C

W

EE

?

C

W

E<! ‹ 5

W`_

d

Se 5w2c2*K

p? . 1 0

8

%q5, #

p [

W`_

vObC

W

EB[W‹

5,*r5,)c* 1 1.hu *w76)2

7˜U·­·

h°lYwYwQtxyscq

`

oUqq

`

cDt



jk…xjkujkyuYtŒqy}qzorŽYnkcx¤

_`

cumq

` c 

ccjkysq}y <; ‹½t

 Ÿ `

jž~

`

jkqjkywQtxysy}jkŽYnkc

q}t$~tŒuYysq



lY~qoy}c»lYcuY~cKC W d E

d! " V

¼nžjkd

d

KN W d

[W‹yslJ~

` q`

oUq¢t



cƒoU~

`#

_ ¥¼Yq

`

cwtŒysjkqsjk©Œc

q  o‚c~qst

 | \wgC W d

EÈtU

W d {

t¨cyDuYtŒqysqo!|mŸjkq

`

jku

¢t



ornknYwtŒysjkqsjk©Œcqsjkd$cy(X

_ ¥¤%¥ u$txq

` c 

ŸDt

{ y

q ` c 

ccjkysq}yvoysc»lYcuJ~c CX

d E

d! " _ ¥?jku$y}lY~

`

oŸo!|$q

`

oUq

V

\$C W d

E<?\&%!'O‹!)( X d

\,g!*!C W d

El!

f # _+

m

CJE

M c7qzor¾xcMy}l¡$~jkcuqsnk|my}d oUnknQjku$t

 { c 

qst

`

o!©Œc

],

p

V0J.-0/

M c¦Ÿjknkny

`

tUŸ q ` oUq8¢t



oru¨| wtŒysjk©xc jžuq}c…xc

21

q ` c 

c¯cjžy}qsy,(43

_ ¥ y}lY~

` q `

oUq X d ! ‹¯jkcx¼

X d e

Y5#oUy

#`e

Y5W¤

¥ u

{

cc

{

nkcq

1

oUu|¦wQtxy}jžq}jk©xcjžuq}c…xc



¼txu¯q

`

cmtŒuYc

`

oru

{

¼­q

`

c¢lYuY~qsjktxuYy @\

$

o6( ! 1

8o

 c

~tŒuqsjkulYtxlYyByst q ` c 

c¯cjkysq}y7&; ‹¯jkuyslJ~

` o Ÿo!|S\$ C 98

EWV

¢t



oUnkn:( ! 1 ¤ „uq

` c

tŒq

` c

`

oUu { q `

c7yscȬlJcuY~cFC W d E

d! "

~tŒu©xc



…xcy„qstq

`

c7t



jk…xjkumysttxuYc7~ƒorum«u

{ ( p _ ¥Oy}lY~

` q `

oUq

W d _

98

¢t



oUnkn

#

;(

p ¤ _`

lYy¢t



oUnkn

#

;(

p

oru

{

oUnkn0( ! 1 txuYc

`

oryZ\$C

W d E _

¤(;„u

{

yst

or~~t

 {

jkuY…mqstmq

` c {

c0«uYjkqsjktxuBtU(X

d

txuYc

`

oryjX

d 1 ¤

_`

cgt



jk…Œjžumjky<

p?

orys|d$wYq}txq}jž~!oUnknk|ysqoUŽYnkc7ystmq

` c 

cgcjžy}qsy

+ _ ¥?yslY~

` q `

orqq

`

c7y}txnklYqsjktŒuYytUCs7E

yoUqsjkyĝ¢|

\

d

C=El

J f # +

oru { f = _

],

p

C¢ŠE

‘C

_`

oUuY¾yqstq

`

cv~txd$wQoU~jkq |tr

] p

¼txuYc~!oUu$c!oUysjknk|~

`

c~¾mq

`

orqq

`

c„jku¨q}c…xc

 +

~ƒoru$ŽQcv~

`

tŒyscu

jku

{

cwcu

{

cuqsnk|tU =Y¤IE

_`

cB~txuq}jžulYjkq |¯tUvq

`

c$y}txnklYqsjktŒuYyŸjkq

` 

cyswQc~qBqst¦jkuYjkqsjporn~txu

{

jkqsjktxuYygcuYysl



cymq

`

c$cjkysq}cuY~ctr

> ; ‹y}lY~

` q `

orq

f CW

o2E

_

o

WE?

4

>

[&\

d CW E ? \ d

C2Eh

J f # ! +

Cpe E

„tUŸOq

` c 

cgcjžy}qsy

# p _ ¥?yslJ~

` q `

orq W d

>

¢t



ornkn

# # p

oru { q`

lYyŽ|rCe EÈtxuYc

`

oUy

\ hC W d

El

J f f ! + oru

{ f # # p m

_`

cgnorqsq}c

 y`

tUŸyq

`

oUqv‹<X

d ? +

<X

d

¢t



oUnkn

# # p ¤ _`

lYylYy}jkuY…KCJ2EŸDc7txŽJqzoUjku

\ g * l CW d

El f # # p

Ÿ ` jk~

`

jkd$wYnkjkcy7q

`

orqmq

`

cy}c»lYcuY~c C

d E dd

/ { c«uJc

{

Ž¨|

d [ \wg!*lC

W d E `

ory$o¦~tŒu©xc



…xcuq

y}lYŽYysc»¨lJcuY~cyzo!|

d

d!d

/

¤ˆ¬ cq='[ nžjkd

d

KMN d

_ ¤ hjkuY~c jky orysyslJd$c

{

qst Žc

~tŒuqsjkulYtxlYyŸc

`

o!©xc

‹! C=2E([ nkjkd

d

KMN C

d E([ nžjkd

d

KMN )C\

g

* l

CW

d

EE<! nžjkd

d

KMN C

W

d E([W‹

y}t4=ŽcnktŒuY…xyq}t

],

p

oru { q `

cuSC½ŠE|jkcn { y

\ C=El

J

CRE

„u¦q

`

c7txq

` c

v`

oru { q ` c 

ccjkysq}y f # p

y}lY~

` q `

orqM<=

?

\wg lbC W

Eh"

>

y}tmŽ|rCpe3E

\ C=E

? \

C\

g l!

CW EEh

J

C¢‘E

G%jkuoUnknk|mq

`

cœ~txdmŽYjkuorqsjktxumtrPCR2EoUu

{

C¢‘2Enžc!o

{

yq}t

P\

g

C W Eh\

Ÿ ` jk~

`

jkyvo~tŒuq

 o {

jk~qsjktŒu q}tKCJ2E¤

„tUŸOŸc7ysqzorqscoru { w 

tU©xc7q

`

coUy}|d$wYq}txqsjk~y}qzoUŽJjžnkjkq |mq

`

ct



cd ¤

³·Q˜U³% P 5,:n2hZ*w7c5,12u 5,7+

#V

a

/ 5w*)*w+(u3*,*

_

p C os¥

‡ E

u3B5D5,2

d

/je

bC

W

E ‹

2

WQ_

2*,+

bC½‹EB[W‹

d

Pe

C

W

E([C\^C

W

EE

?

C

W

E<! ‹ 5

W`_

d

Se

‹

? . 1 0%5, j5,s 0 w. 5"R6 0)*%62*,^7(12*,2*,1+

*

][

W`_

OC\nC

W

EE

?

C

W

E([W‹

5,*r5,)c* s5 .h215 082

H

7˜U·­·_`

cy}cq p [

WD_

O C

W E [§‹ jky„wtŒysjkqsjk©xcnž|jku©xo

joruqystjkqvjky7~txuqzorjkuYc

{

jku U¤

;„nžnJq

`

c7oUysy}lYd$wJqsjktxuYytr

_`

ct



cd CsEo



cyzoUq}jky «c { Ÿ `

jk~

`

jždBwYnkjkcy<q

`

oUqq

`

ct



jk…xjkujkyy}qzorŽYnkcx¼xq

`

oUq

jkqjky¢t



oru|$wQtxysjkq}jž©Œc

> q ` c 

cgcjžy}qsy7owtŒysjkqsjk©xc7ulYdmŽQc



yslY~

` q `

oUqvoru|$ystŒnklYqsjktxuBtUjCsEŸ

`

jk~

`

y}qzo



qsy„jžu

$

cdoUjkuYyjžu lk

½t



oUnknQjku¨q}c…xc

:#

¤

¬ cq,J - ŽQcvq

` c {

tŒd oUjkutr orqsq



oU~qsjk©jžq |



cnpoUq}jk©xcqst x¤^M c~

`

t¨tŒysc

>

;‹Y¼ŒyslY~

` q `

oUq k

] @V

J - ¤ _ t¦y

`

tUŸˆq

`

c¦orqsq



oU~q}jk©¨jkq | trvq

`

ct



jk…xjku<¼Ÿc$y

`

oUnknw



tU©Œc$q

`

oUq

jky~txuqzorjkuYc

{

jku q` c

{

tŒd orjžumtr/orqsq



oU~q}jk©¨jkq |¼j ¤cŒ¼

f

W`_

O nkjžd

gKMN

\ g CW

E([W‹ CHE

¬ cq W p _

oru

{

nkcqMŽQc$oUu|¦wQtxy}jkqsjk©xc



cƒornulYdmŽQc

 ¤ _`

oUuY¾y7qst¦q

`

cmysqoUŽYjknkjkq |tUq

`

cmt



jk…xjku

q ` c 

ccjkysq}y<7I; ‹y}lY~

` q`

oUqO

\ d C 8 E V

f # _ ¥ C¢“E

hjkuY~c

hk

],

VDJ -

q ` c  ccjkysq}y

+ _ ¥?yslJ~

` q `

oUq

j\

d

C2E"

7J f # + o f _

hk

], m

C¢E

_`

cg~txuqsjkulYjkq |mtUq

`

cgystxnklYq}jktxuYycuYy}l



cy7q

`

c7cjžy}qscuJ~ctr ; ‹yslJ~

` q `

oUq

f CW o E

_

lk lk

o`

WE?

I"K[&\

d CW E ? \ d CE

7J f # ! +

C}ƒ‹E

„tUŸ¼nkcq BŽQc±oru¦cnkcd$cu¨q„tU

C W p

E¤ ;„~~t

 {

jkuY…qst¬<oŒhYoUnknkc7¥ u¨©xo



jpoUuJ~c

€

jžuJ~jkwYnkcx¼ BŽcnžtŒuY…xy

q}t hk

], 7y}tŽ|DC¢E

\

d

C2Eh

7J f # + m

C}x7E

„u¦q

`

c7txq

` c

v`

oru

{ _

C W p E `

cuY~c

i f _ ¥ OD\

CW p E ?

a" C}7JE

ysjkuY…KCsJE¼hCsƒ‹2EoUu

{

C}x7Eȟcœ…Œcq

\ CW p E<

7J Y 7J [ 7 C}ƒŠE

oru { 

tŒd C¢“2E¼Yjkqȝ¢txnknktUŸy

P\

d

C\

h

CW p

EEh" f # _ ¥

Ÿ ` jk~

` w 

tU©xcyq

`

oUq„nkjžd

gLKMN

\ g CW p

E([?‹Y¤htmŸc

`

o!©xcy

`

tUŸuq

`

orqq

` c 

cc¨jky}qsyœowQtxy}jkqsjk©xc



c!oUn

ulYdmŽQc



yslY~

` q `

oUq

jky~txuqzorjkuYc

{

jku$q

` c {

txdoUjkutU/orqsq



oU~qsjk©jžq |¼YoUu { q `

lYy _`

ct



cd CJ2Ejžy

cy}qzorŽYnkjžy

` c { ¤

„tUŸOy}lYwYwQtxyscq

`

oUqq

`

cys|ysq}cd CsEjky

{

c«uYc

{

txu¥

‡ d

oUu { q ` c 

ccjkysqsy7ouYtxuJuYc…¨orqsjk©xc„¢lJuY~qsjktŒu

_

p Cp¥

‡ d

o}¥

‡

EŸ

`

jk~

`

jžyoœ¬ |¨orwYlYuYtU©7½lYuY~q}jžtŒu¢t



Cs7E/q

`

orqjky

C

W

E([ C\^C

W

EE

?

C W E !L‹

¢t



oUnkn WF_

¥‡ d

¤/;„yvoUŽQtU©xc

{

cuYtŒqscy„q

`

cnpo



…xcysqvjku©xo



jpoUuqyscqv~tŒu¨qoUjkuYc

{

jžu'[

WQ_

¥‡ d O

“

C

W

E [ )C\^C

W

EE

?

C

W

E [§‹ ¨¤„uYcm~ƒoru>oUy}¾¦q

`

c½txnknktUŸjžuJ…KOMHvtcygq

`

cm…ŒnžtŒŽoUnoUy}|¨dBwYqstŒqsjk~

y}qzoUŽJjžnkjkq |tU<q

`

cvys|y}qscd

c {

lY~c

{

qstgq

`

c7jku©xo



jporu¨qy}cqjkd$wYnk|q

`

cv…ŒnktxŽornoUy}|¨dBwYqstŒqsjk~ysqzorŽYjknkjžq |

trvys|ysq}cd Cs7E _`

c$oUuYy}ŸDc



jžyglYu¢t



qslJuoUq}nž| uYt oUy7jkq~ƒoru Žcmy

`

tUŸu jku c°ord$wYnkcFC¢Š2E7ŽcnžtUŸ¤

„c©xc

q `

cnžcysyƒ¼Ÿc

`

o!©xcq

`

cȝ¢txnknktUŸjkuY……xnktŒŽoUn



cy}lYnkqŸ

`

jž~

`

jkyo~tŒuYysc»lYcuY~ctU­¬<oxhJoUnknkc¥ u©xo



jpoUuY~c

€

jkuY~jkwYnkcoUu { _`

ct



cd|J¤

³·Q˜U³% S 5w7:n"Z u3*,2*

_

p C¥

‡d

os¥

‡ E

*7

d

/je

bC

W

E ‹

2

WQ_

¥‡ d 2*,+

C¢‹2Ei[W‹

d

Pe

C

W

E([C\^C

W

EE

?

C

W

E<! ‹ 5

W`_

¥‡ d

d

Se

‹

? 1 0F . 1 2 %q5w7 b5, 0B., R6 *%6*, 7

1*,*w+F*

k[

W`_

¥

‡/d

OC\^C

W

EE

?

C

W

E([W‹

d

^qe

- n5,8"5 0u3*3 " 21u3*,+21+

5,*r5,)c* l5 021 5" . 1 0)2

7 '&$ ±283 $ "5 v

8³% ™J˜\/ ›

¥ u$q

`

c„¢txnknktUŸjkuY…vŸc



c~ƒornkn­q

` c 

cy}lYnkqtUn;vc|xcnkyvoUu

{

hcwJlYnk~

`J

c7jkur=k>s¼¨oru { y `

tUŸ

q `

oUqjkq~ƒoru$ŽQc { c {

lJ~c

{

ory { j

c~q~txuYy}c»lYcuY~cmtrq

`

ct



cdx¤

_`

c|

`

o!©xc„ysq}l

{

jkc { q`

c7ysqzorŽYjknkjžq |

tr/~txuqsjkulYtxlJyqsjkd$c„ys|ysq}cd6Ÿ

`

jk~

``

oUy«



ysq7jkuqsc…



ornžyvoru { `

o!©xc7w



tU©xc

{

C=ž">s¼ _`

ct



cd Eq

`

oUq

q `

c$oUy}|¨dBwYqstŒqsjk~7ysqoUŽYjknkjkq | trDq

`

cmc»lYjknžjkŽ



jklYd Ÿjkq

` 

cyswQc~qqstq

`

cwQc



q}l



ŽQoUqsjktŒuYyŽQcnktxuY…ŒjžuJ…$qst

q `

cmnkc©xcnyscqsytr q ` c«



y}qjkuqsc…



ornkyœ~txuqzorjžuJjžuJ…$q

`

cmc»lYjknžjkŽ



jklYd wtŒjku¨q7cuJysl



c$q

`

cmysqzorŽYjknkjžq |tr

q `

c7c»lYjknžjkŽ



jklYd*Ÿjkq

`m

cyswQc~q„qstmo



ŽYjkq

 o 

|mwQc



q}l



ŽQoUqsjktŒuYyƒ¤

_`

jky



cy}lYnkqDjkyysq}jžnknQ©xoUnkj

{

½t

 {

jky}~



cq}c

q}jždBcys|y}qscd¯¤q

`

cmw



t¨trDtUC=k>E„jkyœŽQoUysc

{

txu¯»¨lQoUnkjkqzoUq}jk©xcy}qsl { | tUq

`

cmy}|¨y}qscd¯¼

` c 

cmŽ|¦lYysjkuY…

q ` cw



c©jžtŒlYyq

`

ct



cd ŸDc7…Œjž©Œcœoy}jždBwYnkcw



ttr½t

 {

jkys~



cq £ qsjkd$c7y}|¨y}qscdByjku

{

cc { O

CLZE);vy}yslYdBcmq

`

orqy}|ysqscd C}7EgwtŒysyscysyscyQX¯~txuqsjkulYtxlJy«



ysqmjkuqsc…



ornžy1o [+

m mm

X q ` oUqo

 c

{

c0«uYc

{

tŒu¦ouYcjk…

`

ŽQtxl

}`

tt { a

trq

`

c7t



jk…xjku oru {{

cuYtŒqsc

{

Ž|q

`

c7~txuq}jžulYtŒlYy¢lYuJ~qsjktxu?O

FO

a

V

d e g

…Œjž©ŒcuŽ|nC

W

E([ C

m CW Eo

mm m

o

g CW EEoUu

{

yoUqsjkyĝ¢|jžuJ…^C¢‹2Ei[W‹Y¤

H„c«uJcoyscdBj

{

c«uYjkqsc¬­|¨orwYlYuYtU©½lYuY~q}jžtŒuFNOŽ|rO

C

W

E([

g

m CW E

„uYc

`

ory

C

W

EB[

g

!

m

C\^C

W

EE

?

CW

EB[O‹



y}t jžyg~txuYy}qzoru¨q$ornktxuY…q

`

c$d$tŒqsjktxu%¤t



ctU©Œc

 jkyuJtxuYuYc…¨oUq}jk©xcm~tŒu¨q}jku¨lJtxlYy7½lYuY~q}jžtŒu<¼oUu

{

` c 

cŸc

`

o!©Œc

p [

W`_a

O C

W

EB[O‹ j[

W`_ba

O ^C

W

E([ ‹

;„yœog~txuYy}c»lYcuY~cmtU

_`

ct



cd Œ¼ŸDcg…xcqq

`

c„¢txnknktUŸjkuY…O

7˜U··­– -½—-¢·+0/

*,+) 5w 1u . 2* 7 05,2c2*D5,) p .h5

1 0

8

5,*K( " 0)1t7u3 u3 5,8"7

8³% ™J˜ P › ­—ƒ™Y• -#2-—´¦·œšU™–!šU™¸%³ –´<–—ƒ³ >–

xtŒuYysj { c 

uYtxuJnžjkuYc!o



ys|ysq}cd$ytrq

`

c7¢txnknktUŸjkuY…„¢t

d

W

CX YOEB[k\^C

W

CX,EowCX,EE

,CXY 7E([hCwCX,EE

CW

CX,EowCX,EE _ ¥

‡/d ¥‡ $

C}e E

M ` c 

c\!o o 

cœ~txuqsjkulYtxlJyvoUu

{

yslJ~

` q `

orqj\nC½‹,o‹EB[O‹J¼ C½‹E([W‹

m

xtŒuYysj { c  q`

cu q `

cy}|¨y}qscdByO

V W

CX Y E([]\nC

W

CX,Eo‹E

W

CX,E _ d

C}7RE

V

wCXYWEi[ C,CX,EE

wCX,E _ ¥‡ $

C}ƒ‘E

ysjkuY… _`

ct



cd CJ2EŸDc7~ƒoru¦ysqoUq}cœq

`

c7¢tŒnknžtUŸjkuY…

7˜U··­– -½—-¢·+QP

b5w7 . 1 )" 08*w+ * 05,8u38

2*,+ 5 .h215 082 [

¥ u

{

cc

{

¼Qq

` c 

cc¨jky}qsyœo¬­|oUwYlJuYtU©¢lYuY~qsjktxu C EyoUq}jžyĝ¢|jkuY…

bC El;[‹

f F

[O‹FoC¢‹2E([W‹ˆoUu

{

ChC2EE

?

C2Eh[‹

f F

[W‹

GJt

 q `

cŸ

`

txnkc7ys|ysq}cd Cse E¼Jq

`

jky®¢lYuY~q}jktxujkyvomyscd$jª£

{

c«uYjkqsc7uYtŒuYuYc…oUq}jž©Œc¬­|¨orwYlYuYtU©8¢lYuY~qsjktxu<¤

t



ctU©Œc

 ¼ ` c 

c.

p

[ C W o E O)C

W

o2E [?‹ Z[ CW o‹Eo

W _ ¥

‡/d

Z[ '[ oUu

{ q `

ct



jk…xjkuBjžy

orysyslJd$c

{

qstmŽQc z£Äorys|d$wYq}txq}jž~!oUnknk|y}qzoUŽJnžcŒ¤DhtmoUnkn­q

` c `

|¨wQtxq

`

cy}jžy„tU

_`

ct



cd CJ2Eo



cœyoUq}jžyÄ«c

{

Ÿ ` jk~

`

jkdBwYnkjžcyvq

`

oUqq

`

c$t



jk…xjku¯jžymoUu>orys|d$wJqstxq}jk~ƒoUnknk|$y}qzoUŽJnžcBc»lYjknkjžŽ



jklYd6wQtxjkuq7tUvq

`

c$y}|¨y}qscd

C}e E¤

­™ #¢³D/Q›

C¢¬<oŒhYoUnknkc7E/xtxuYy}j { c  q `

c„¢txnknktUŸjkuY…7ys|ysq}cd

W

CXZY 7E([

,CX,E

(Y

W

CXwE

,CX8Y 7Ec[ W

CXwE

(Y ,CXwE

W _ ‡

C}7HE

!‹

¬%oxhYornžnkc„jžu?=kƒ‹>

`

oUyysq}l

{

jkc { q `

jkycYoUdBwYnkcŽ¨|BlYysjkuY…q

`

c¬­|oUwYlYuJtU©¢lYuY~q}jktxuŽcnžtUŸ O

bC W o E([

J CW Y E

L„c…xtŒqDq

`

c7¢tŒnžnktUŸjkuY…O

_`

cgt



jk…Œjžumjkyvorys|d$wYq}txq}jž~!oUnknk|ysqoUŽYnkcjª

?*oUu

{ 

%!'

C ! *oru

{

!?7E

#

Y J

„tUŸ[Ž|q

`

ct



cd JJ¼xŸjkq

`

C

W

o2EB[ CW 2E

ŸDc

`

o!©xcq

`

c®¢txnknktUŸjkuY…¼Ÿ

`

jk~

`

jkuY~nžl

{

cq

` c {

jžy}~lYy}ysjktxu

orŽtU©ŒcbO

_`

cgt



jk…Œjžumjkyvorys|d$wYq}txq}jž~!oUnknk|ysqoUŽYnkcjª

?

%!'

[.

#

C

? %!'

? E

8³% ™J˜#S › _`

ct



cd CJE„y}qzoUq}cy7q

`

orq7q

`

cmoUy}|¨dBwYqstŒqsjk~7ysqoUŽYjknkjkq |$tUq

`

ct



jk…xjkujky7c»lYjk©xoUnkcuq

q}t$jkqsy }£soUys|dBwYqstŒqsjk~vy}qzoUŽJjžnkjkq |¤

_`

jkyvc»¨lJjž©xornkcuY~cjkyuYtBd$t



cvq



lYcg¢t

 q `

c¬ |¨orwYlYuYtU©BysqzorŽYjknkjžq |

oryjžq~!oUuŽc7y

`

tUŸuq

`

oruY¾yvqstq

`

c7¢txnknktUŸjkuY…7cYoUdBwYnkcO

­™ #¢³_P › W

CX Y E([

W

CXwEhY,CX,E

,CXYW7EB[ ,CXwE

CW o E _ ¥‡

C}ƒ“E

¬ cq C

W o Ec[

ŸDc

`

o!©Œc

p

[ C W o E

_ ¥‡ O )[O‹ m

_`

ct



jk…xjkujžy

p

£ ysqoUŽYnkcŽYlJqvq

`

cy}txnklYqsjktŒu trDq

`

cy}|¨y}qscd jky)Oj\

d CW

o2E'[ CW Y #

,o E¼QŸ

`

jk~

`

q}cu

{

yqstjku«QuYjkq |7¢t



ornžnJjžuJjžq}jpoUn

{

oUqzo CW

o2Eyzorqsjky ¢|jkuY… E; ‹Y¤

_`

lYyq

`

cys|ysq}cdˆjkylYuYysqoUŽYnkcx¤

_`

jžy

y ` tUŸy7q

`

orq:

p

£ ysqoUŽYjknkjkq |$trDq

`

ct



jk…xjkujžy„uYtxq„ysl¡$~jžcu¨q„qst…xcqvq

`

cy}qzoUŽJjžnkjkq |$trq

`

ct



jž…Œjku Ÿjkq

`



cyswQc~qq}t±o



ŽYjkq

 o 

|$wQc



q}l



ŽQoUqsjktŒuYyƒ¤

­™ #¢³_S ›

W

CX Y E([

W

CX,E

J Y ŠJ C,CX,E

W

CX,E E

,CXY E([

wCX,E

J

CW

CXwEo ,CXwEE _ ¥‡

C}ƒE

¥½ŸcœqoU¾Œc )C

W

o2E([ q` cu

C W o E([

?

Šre

! ‹

x

oru

{ p [ 3C

W

o2E

_ ¥‡ OC

W

o2E [.‹ [ §oUu

{

yst,

p [

_`

ct



jž…Œjku jky

p

…xnktŒŽoUnknk|

orys|d$wYq}txq}jž~!oUnknk|y}qzoUŽJnžcgŽYlYqvq

`

cy}|¨y}qscd jky„uYtxq…ŒnžtŒŽoUnknk|moUys|dBwYqstŒqsjk~ƒoUnknk|ysqzorŽYnkcx¤¥ u

{

cc

{

tŒuYc~ƒoru

y}ccq

`

oUqq

`

cyscq)O

3C

W

o2E

_ O W

[*"

jkyjku©xo



jporu¨q!¼¨oru

{

ystm…ŒnžtŒŽoUn­oUy}|d$wYq}txqsjk~y}qzoUŽJjžnkjkq |m~ƒoru uJtxqŽQcœc¨wQc~q}c { ¤

­™ #¢³ ^<›

¥ qvjky„¾¨uJtUŸu¦q

`

orqvjª \¯jkyœo m ¢lJuY~qsjktŒu oUu { q `

cnkjkuYcƒo



jTƒorqsjktxutUy}|¨y}qscd CsEvoUq

Tc



t¼Quord$cnk|

[ \

W

C½‹E CJx‹E

jkyy}qzoUŽJnžc)Cpq

`

oUqjky!¼xq

`

cvcjk…Œcu©xoUnklYcy <trbq

`

cvdoUq



jk

nkjžcjkumq

`

ctxwQcu$lJuYjkq

{

jkys¾hO

O7E¼xq

`

cu

y}|¨y}qscd Cs7E&jžygnžt~ƒornknž|¦orys|dmqstŒqsjk~ƒoUnk|ysqoUŽYnkc$oru { Ÿ `

cu q ` cmnkjžuJcƒo



j0T!oUqsjktŒu CJx‹E

`

oUyorqnkcƒoUy}qtxuJc

cjk…Œcu©xoUnklYctxlJqsysj

{

cq

`

cv~nžtŒysc

{

lJuYjkq

{

jžy}¾ Cj ¤cŒ¼

;?7E%q

`

cu$y}|ysqscd C}7EjkylYuYy}qzorŽYnkcx¤BADlJqŸ

`

cu

q ` c7nžjkuYc!o



jky}c

{

ys|ysq}cd jky~



jkqsjk~ƒoUn­q

`

oUqjkyq

`

c7doUq



jk

`

oUyvornknjkqsycjk…xcu¨©xornklYcyjkuYysj

{

c„q

`

c7~nktŒysc

{

lYuJjžq

{

jky}¾¦Ÿjkq

`

oUqvnkcƒorysq7txuJcmcjk…xcu©xoUnklYc¯Ÿ

`

jk~

`

yzorqsjky «Qcy

[ q

`

cu tŒuYc~!oUu¯uYtxq7~tŒuY~nkl { c

orŽtŒlYqvq

`

c7ysqzorŽYjknkjžq |mtrys|ysq}cd CsEq

`

orqvjkyq

`

c8Tc



tBystŒnžlJqsjktxuBtUjCsEd o!|Žcy}qzorŽYnkct



lYuJysqzorŽYnkcx¤

htgq

` c 

cyslYnkq}yDtrbq

`

jky/o



q}jž~nžc~!oUumŽQc

`

cnkw¢lYnJqsty}qsl

{

|q

`

cysqzorŽYjknkjžq |7w



txwQc



q}jkcytU­ys|ysq}cd$yŸ

`

tŒysc

nkjkuYcƒo



jkyzorqsjktxuBjžy~



jkqsjk~ƒornS¤BGJt



jkuYysqoUuY~cœ~txuYy}j { c  q `

c7¢tŒnžnktUŸjkuY…7cYoUdBwYnkc

W

CX Y 7Ec[ wCX,E

,CXYW7EB[

wCX,E

(Y

W

CX,E

CW

CX,EowCX,EE _ ¥‡

_; ‹

CJY7E

_`

cgnžjkuYc!o



jky}c

{

ys|ysq}cd o  tŒlYu

{ q`

cgc»lYjknžjkŽ



jklYd|C¢‹,o‹EÈjky

V W

CX YOEB[ wCX,E

,CXYW7EB[ wCX,E

m

CJJE

L„c

c

[

‹ 

‹ 

¤

_`

cgnžjkuYc!o



jky}c

{

ys|ysq}cd jkyv~



jžq}jk~ƒoUn/C

` c 

cjkqjkyysqoUŽYnkcŽJlYquYtxq7oUy}|¨dBwYqstŒqsjª£

~ƒornknž|BysqoUŽYnkc7E®yst$q

`

cnžjkuYc!o



jkyoUqsjktŒu$qsc~

`

uYjkȬlJcy

{

t$uYtŒqœornžnktUŸ q}tm~txuJ~nkl

{

cmoUŽQtxlYq„q

`

cy}qzorŽYjknžjkq |mtr

y}|¨y}qscd CJYE¤

¬ cqbC

W o EB[

¤BM c ` o!©Œc

[

m

m

g

?

![‹y}t,OjkyvoguYtxuYuJc…¨orqsjk©xc7¬­|¨orwYlYuYtU©

¢lJuY~qsjktŒu¦¢t



y}|¨y}qscd CJJ7E¤ t



ctU©Œc



ŸDc

`

o!©xc [ p

oru { q `

ct



jk…Œjžujky:

?

orys|d$wJqstxq}jk~ƒoUnknk|

y}qzoUŽJnžcgystmŽ|

_`

ct



cd Jgq

`

c8Tc



tmy}txnklYq}jžtŒu$tr CJYEjkyvoUy}|d$wYq}txqsjk~ƒornknž|gysqzorŽYnkcx¤

4655 7m2$91m2% 5$ 7 "

! #"%$'&$'() !$'*,+

xtŒuYysj { c  o {

jžy}~



cqsc£ qsjkd$c7~tŒuq



tŒn<uYtŒuYnkjkuYcƒo



ys|y}qscd trq

`

c7¢t

 d

W

CX Y 7E([<\^C

W

CXwEo nCX,EE CJxŠE

J

Ÿ ` c c W CX,E

_ ¥‡ d

jkyq

`

cysqzorqsctU7q

`

cy}|¨y}qscd#orqq}jkd$c X­¼ _ ¥‡ $ jkyq

`

c~txuq



txn ¼Doru { \ O

¥‡ d ¥‡ $ e ¥‡ d jkyDo

½lYuY~q}jžtŒumyzorqsjky ¢|jkuY…\^C¢‹,o‹Ec[O‹J¤

_`

c„w



tŒŽYnkcdˆo {Y{



cy}ysc { ` c 

c7jžy

`

tUŸ

q}t«u

{

o&¢cc

{

ŽQoU~¾$~tŒuq



tŒn­Ÿ

`

jk~

`

ysqoUŽYjknkjTcyq

`

c„ys|ysq}cd oUqjžq}yDc»¨lJjžnkjkŽ



jžlJd;wQtxjkuq

_

tŽQc7d$t

c

w 

c~jkyscŸc



c~ƒornžn%q

`

c„¢tŒnknžtUŸjkuY…

{

c0«uYjkqsjktxu?O

(B³*),+.-½—-¢·+

!" S +S? 427 0 0FF5,K:n2KS12*,*,u3u2K".. *7

O ¥‡ dke

¥‡ $

"2 *7

nC½‹EF[ ‹

2*,+ u :5] 5w) 5wr 05+ 01.]"7

W

CX Y 7EF[

\^C

W

CX,Eo^C

W

CXwEEE

. 1 )" 08/ 5w2c2*%

_`

oruY¾y<q}t _`

ct



cdˆoUu { _`

ct



cd JŸcy

`

ornkn

{

c©ŒcnktxwodoU~

`

jkuYc



|vq}tv~tŒuYysq



lY~q}cvoysqoUŽYjknkjTjkuY…

¢cc

{

Žor~z¾½t



y}|¨y}qscdByDtr<q

`

c®¢t

 d CJxŠEÈoUu { q`

oUqo



cv¬­|¨orwYlYuYtU©ysqoUŽYnkc)CpŽYlYqÈuYtxqDorys|d$wJqstxq}jk~ƒoUnknk|

y}qzoUŽJnžcEŸ

`

cu$q

`

cv~tŒu¨q



tŒnjkyj

{

cuqsjk~ƒoUnknk|ulYn ¤^ADc½t



c„ysqoUqsjkuY…gtxl



ysqoUŽYjknkjTƒoUq}jžtŒu



cyslJnžqŸcvuYcc

{

qst

jkuq

 t {

lY~cq

`

c„¢txnknktUŸjkuY…uYtŒqzoUq}jktxuYy O

¬ cq \4OU¥

‡ d e ¥‡ d

ŽQc7q

`

c ¢lYuJ~qsjktxu

{

c0«uYc

{

tŒu¥

‡ d

Ž|

\BC

W

EB[k\^C

W

oz‹2E CJUe E

oru

{

oUysy}lYd$c7q

`

oUqO

d ¸ /je_`

c7lYu½t



~c {¦{

|uord$jk~ys|ysq}cd

W

CX YW7EB[ \

W

CXwE

jky¬­|oUwYlYuJtU©x£ ysqoUŽYnkcoUu { q `

oUqvo

yscdBj

{

c«uYjkqscgwtŒysjkqsjk©xc®¢lYuY~qsjktxu

C W E ‹,o

W F

[W‹,o bC½‹EB[W‹

jky¾uYtUŸuyslY~

` q `

orq

\BC

W E ! bC

W

Eo

f

W F

[O‹

d ¸ Pe_`

c7yscqsy

m [

W`_

¥

‡/d

\ gL^m

CW E ? \ g CW E [O‹wo

f X _ ¥

[ V

W`_

¥‡ d

W \ gL^m

CW E \

\ g CW

Eoz‹ [O‹wo

f X _ ¥

Ÿ ` c  c \wgOU¥

‡de

¥

‡d

¼X ‹Y¼Yo



c7…xjk©xcu



c~l



ysjk©xcnk|Ž|

\ p CW E [ W

\ g CW E [ \ \ gl^m CW E o ¢t



X.?

yoUq}jžyĝ¢|

m ]

[)

p ¤

d ¸ Se

q ` c„t



jž…Œjku$jky<

p?

oUy}|¨dBwYqstŒqsjk~ƒornžnk|y}qzorŽYnkcx¤

ƒŠ

¬ cq

OU¥

‡ d ¥‡ $ e ¥‡

oru {

Or¥

‡ d ¥‡ $ ¥‡ $ e ¥‡

Žc

{

c«uYc { 

cy}wc~qsjk©xcnk|Ž|

C

W

o!E [ )C\^C

W

o!EE CJRE

CW

o^oE [ m

p

C}

?

E jC W E

W o nC

W

E,C W E

CJx‘E

GJt



o„«c

{

7I; ‹Y¼Œnkcq

m CW EDoru

{ C W

EȎQcœoUu|uYtxuJuYc…¨orqsjk©xc„~txuq}jžulYtŒlYy



cƒoUn­©xornžlJc

{

¢lYuY~qsjktxuYy

yoUqsjkyĝ¢|jžuJ…

m CW EhY

CW E F [W‹,o

f

W`_

¥

‡d

oru

{

m CW E yslJw

8

m CW o noE o f

WF_

¥

‡/d

CJHE

CW E

W \BC W E \

CW oz‹2E

o f W`_

¥‡ d

CJx“E

oru

{

yscq

?C

W

E([

7

7

m CW EhY

CW E

CJxE

„tUŸ Ÿcœ~!oUuysqoUqscgtxl



y}qzoUŽJjžnkjTƒorqsjktxu



cyslYnkq)O

³·Q˜U³% ^ 5w 1u3.h2*3

d ¸ /je

8 d

¸.PYe 2*,+

d ¸ Se 5w 0+

8

5w7*

8

2 *, ., R6Z12*32*,

7U8

. 1 072 1* 5,) 2*,*,u3u2 11+12 02%

^C

W

E([

?

?C

W E

W \BC W E \

CW o‹E

C½Šx‹E

%q5w:5F(

nC

W

E!)7!o

f

W`_

¥

‡d

7˜U·­·

¥½<tŒuYcv~txd$wJlYqscyÈq

` c {

jª¹bc



cuY~c7tr<q

`

c7¬­|¨orwYlYuYtU©g¢lYuJ~qsjktxu,?oUnktxuJ…œq

`

cvq



o‚0c~qst



jkcytr

q ` c~nktxy}c

{

£ nkt¨tŒw$y}|¨y}qscd CJxŠH£ÄŠŒ‹E¼tŒuYc7…xcq}y



tŒd CJ2REoru { q ` c _

o!|nžt



c¨wQoUuYy}jžtŒum¢t



dmlYnpowO

C

W E [ \^C

W o nC

W

EE ? bC

W E

[ W o nC

W E ?

bC W E

[

C

W

oz‹2E

?

C

W

EhY

CW o‹EnC

W

E!Y m

p

Cs

?

E CW E

W o

^C

W

E ^C W E

„txqsjk~cgq

`

orq

C

W

o‹EB[ \BC

W E C½ŠY7E

e

oru

{

C W o‹EB[

W \^C W E \

CW o‹E

y}tmq

`

orqƒ¼



txd CJx‘2EoUu

{

C¢ŠŒ‹E¼

)C

W

Ei[ \^C W E ?

C

W E ? 

?C

W E CW E nC

W

EhY W

o^C

W

Eo nC W E

¥ q¢tŒnknžtUŸyq

`

oUqƒ¼Œ½t



W`_

¥‡ d y}lY~

` q `

orq nC

W

EB[W‹tŒuYc

`

oUy

C

W

E([ \BC

W

E

?

C W E

oru

{

txq

` c 

ŸjkyscŒ¼ CW

o^oEŽQcjkuY…

`

txdBtx…ŒcuYctŒlYyDtr

{

c…



ccJŸjkq

`$

cyswQc~q7q}t Y¼YtŒuYc7…xcq}y7O

C

W

EB[ \BC W E ?

C

W E ? 

?C W E nC

W

E Y ^C

W E W o nC

W

Eo

^C W E

^C W E

G 

tŒd CJHH£JŒ“Eoru

{

CJŒE¼tŒuYc

`

oUy®¢t



oUu|

WD_

¥

‡d

¼, nC

W

EM! 7Q¼ oru

{

yst$tŒuYc~ƒoUu { c {

lY~cmq

`

oUq

C

W E !L‹J¤ „uq

`

ctŒq

` c

È`

oUu

{

¼UŽ|oUy}yslYdBwYqsjktxu d ¸ SYe

oUu

{

oU~~t

{

jkuY…qst _`

ct



cd x¼rq

`

ct



jk…xjku

jkyv¬­|oUwYlJuYtU©mysqoUŽYnkcx¤

¥ q



cdoUjkuYy7qst¯w



tU©xcmq

` c oUy}|d$wYq}txqsjk~ysqoUŽYjknkjkq |¦tUvq

`

c$t



jk…xjku<¤

_

tq

`

jkycu

{

¼Ž|

_`

ct



cd J jžq

jky7ysl¡$~jžcu¨qgqsty

`

tUŸ.q

`

orqq

`

cmt



jk…Œjžu jžy

?

orys|d$wYq}txq}jž~!oUnknk|$ysqoUŽYnkcx¤)M c  c~!oUnknq

`

oUq jky7q

` c

npo



…xcy}qjku¨©xo



jpoUuqyscq„~txuqoUjkuYc

{

jžuq

`

c7nžt~lJy

k[

W`_

¥

‡/d

C

W

E([ \nC

W o ^C

W

EE ? )C

W

E([O‹*

m

M c ` o!©Œc

C

W

EB[W‹

\BC

W

E

?

C

W

Ei[W‹moUu

{

^C

W

EB[O‹

\BC

W E ?

C

W

Ei[W‹moUu

{

W \BC W E \

CW

o‹EB[W‹ C½ŠJE

¬ cq

W

CX,EŽQcoy}txnklYqsjktŒu trq

`

c~nktxy}c

{

£ nkt¨tŒwys|ysq}cd Ÿjkq

` W

C½‹E([

WQ_

U¤hjkuY~c &jžy„jku¨©xo



jpoUuq

¢t

 q `

cg~nktxysc

{

£SnkttxwBys|ysq}cd txuJc

`

oUy

W

CXwE

_

„¢t



oUnknnX2 ‹Y¤BAlYqƒ¼nC

W

E©xoruYjky

`

jkuY…txu, Œ¼YtxuJc

`

oryƒ¼°



tŒd CJre E¼

W

CXwE([ \wgC

W

Eoru

{

y}t¼JŽ¨|KC½ŠJ2E¼

)C \ gL^m

CW EE

?

C\g CW EEc[O‹

f X _ ¥

oru

{

W C

\ gL^m CW EE

\

C

\ g CW

Eo‹EB[W‹

f X _ ¥

¥ q¢tŒnknžtUŸyq

`

oUq W`_

m ] Ÿ `

jk~

`

jkd$wJnžjkcy!¼UŽ|$oUy}yslYdBwYqsjktxu d ¸ Pe

¼Uq

`

oUq9 @V p

¤htŽ|

d ¸ SYe

q ` ct



jk…xjku$jky9

?

oUys|dBwYqstŒqsjk~ƒoUnknk|ysqzorŽYnkcm¼Ÿ

`

jk~

`

cu

{

yvq

`

c7w



ttUŽ|$lJysjkuY… _`

ct



cd JY¤

7R

­™ #¢³

xtxuYy}j { c  q`

cguYtxuYnkjkuYcƒo



~txuq



txn<y}|ysqscd c©xtŒnž©jkuY…tŒu¥

‡

W m

CX YW7EB[

W m

CX,E

J Y W

CX,EhY W

CX,EhY W

CX,E

W

CX YW7EB[ CW m CX,EhYvJ

W

CXwEE m CX,E

W

CX YW7EB[

W

CX,E^Y W

m

CX,E

(Y W

CX,E

CX,E

C½ŠxŠE

_`

cglYu¢t



~c {{

|uord$jk~vy}|ysqscd

W m

CX YW7EB[

W m

CX,E

J Y W

CX,EhY W

CX,EhY W

CX,E

W

CX YW7EB[W‹

W

CX YW7EB[

W

CX,E

jkyœ¬ |¨orwYlYuYtU©Œ£ ysqzorŽYnkc7ŽYlYqvuJtxqvoUy}|d$wYq}txqsjk~ƒornknž|ysqoUŽYnkcy}t$Ž|lYysjkuY… _`

ct



cd e$Ÿcy

`

oUnkn­~txdBwYlYq}c

o8ysqzorŽYjknkj0TjžuJ…m¢cc

{

ŽoU~¾npo!Ÿ nC

W

E8C

` c  c W [ CW m o W o W

EE¤¬ cq §ŽQcq

`

cuJtxuYuYc…¨oUq}jk©xc7¢lJuY~qsjktŒu

C

W

EB[

W

CX,EhY W

CX,E¤BLvc

 c p

[ W [ W

[W‹ ¤

M c ` o!©xc

C

W

E[

?jW

! ‹y}t *jkyœo$¬ |¨orwYlYuYtU©8¢lYuY~q}jktxu¢t

 q `

clYu½t



~c

{

y}|ysqscd ¤ vu q` c

tŒuYc

`

oUu

{

jkqvjkyvtŒŽ©¨jktŒlYyq

`

orqvq

`

ct



jk…xjkujky:

p?

orys|d$wYq}txq}jž~!oUnknk|y}qzoUŽJnžcŒ¤ „u q ` ctxq

` c

7`

oru

{

txuJc

do!|$cƒorysjknk|¦~

`

c~¾¦q

`

oUq

m ] [ W [ W

[§‹ [ p

¤ht¼ txuYc~ƒoUu oUwJwYnk|

_`

ct



cde$qst

y}|¨y}qscd C¢ŠŒŠEoru { q`

cvw



t¨~c { l 

cv½t

 q `

cv~tŒd$wYlJqzoUq}jktxutro7ysqoUŽYjknkjTc



¢cc

{

ŽQoU~¾mjkyq

`

c®¢txnknktUŸjkuY…O

M jkq

` q `

c7yzord$cvuJtxqzorqsjktxuJyvoUyvoUŽQtU©xc„ysjkd$wJnžcyD~tŒd$wYlJqzoUq}jktxuYy…Œjk©xcO

CW

o^o2EB[ CW m Y J W

E

m Y C W

m

(Y W

E

y}tmtxuYc7~ƒoru¦qzor¾xc m CW

E([ CW m Y J W E Y]C

m E ¤

W \BC W E \

CW

oz‹2En[ ‹o

J

W

m W

(Y W

y}tmtxuYc7~ƒoru¦qzor¾xc CW E([.(Y

W

m W ¤ _`

lYyŸcœ…Œcqq

`

c7¢txnknktUŸjkuY…7ŽtŒlYu { c {

ysqoUŽYjknkjTc

 O

^C

W

EB[

‹)o

? J 7

W

m W C}(Y

W E

7 W m YkC}(Y

W E CW m

YvJ W

E Y Cs/Y W E

Cs(Y

W m W E

Ÿ ` c c 78jžyvoru¦o



ŽJjžq

 o 

|$wQtxy}jkqsjk©xc



cƒorn<~tŒuYysqoUuqƒ¤

)! "$&'$ + ! #"%$'&$

xtŒuYysj { c  o {

jžy}~



cqsc£ qsjkd$c7uYtŒuYnkjkuYcƒo



y}|ysqscd

V W

CX YOEB[k\^C

W

CX,EE

g [^C

W g E m

C½ŠUe E

!‘

Ÿ ` c c W CX,E

_ ¥‡ d

jkyq

`

cysqoUqscgtUq

`

c7y}|¨y}qscd6orqqsjkd$c XoUu

{

,CX,Ejkyq

`

cd$c!oUysl



oUŽJnžc„txlYq}wYlYqtr

q `

cys|y}qscd¯¤

\ OY¥

‡ d e ¥‡ d

oUu

{

SOQ¥

‡ d e ¥‡ $ o 

c

p

½lYuY~q}jžtŒuYyyoUqsjkyĝ¢|jžuJ… \^C¢‹E [ˆ‹wo^C¢‹2E[ˆ‹Y¤)GYt

 q` c

y}c»lYcnŸDc7uYcc

{

qstmjkuq

 t {

lY~c7ystŒd$c

{

c«uYjkq}jžtŒuYyO

(B³*),+.-½—-¢·+

!" "2+ 1n7 7 6 0)

nC\

d Cf

EE(yO‹

2 # _ ¥

5,*

\ d Cf E(yW‹

m

(B³*),+.-½—-¢·+ !" "2+ 1n7 +12

nC\

d Cf

EE([O‹

2

# _ ¥ 5,*

nkjkd

d

KMN

\ d Cf EB[W‹

7˜U··­– -½—-¢·+QS -s1"u3) b5w5,Q"7 Sn7 24+12 r2*,+S5,F:nr

., R6 1 *,u31Du3B5v5,25,`7

N

g p

^C\wgC

W

EE

u *w K1*%67*,B2

2*, WQ_ a

5w7*K5, "5 0u3*K 5s5 .h215 0) 0)*w+ * 0 1 ". u3*,76

0E

7˜U·­· u { c  q ` c `

|wQtxq

`

cysjky%q

`

orq­ys|ysq}cd C¢Šre EQjkyQc



tr£Sy}qzorqsc

{

cqsc~qzorŽYnkc oru

{ q` c Ng p

^C W g E

jky¦lYuJjº½t



dBnk|>~tŒu¨©Œc



…Œcuqscx¼gŸDc y` oUnknw



tU©xc q` oUq q `

c>¬ |¨oUwJlYuYtU© y}qzoUŽJjžnkjkq |tUmq

` c t 

jk…xjkuWjkdm£

wYnkjkcyjkq}y±orys|d$wYq}txq}jž~ysqoUŽYjknkjkq |¨¤8¥ u

{

cc

{

~txuJysj { c  q `

c8¢txnknktUŸjkuY…m~ƒoru { j{

oUq}c ¬ |¨oUwJlYuYtU©¢lJuY~qsjktŒu

C

W

EB[

Ng p

nC\,g!C

W

EE

¤ ?jkyvo~txuqsjkulYtxlJyuYtxuYuJc…¨orqsjk©xc„¢lYuJ~qsjktxuDCpŽYlJqvuYtŒq

{

c0«uYjkqsc7E¤

¥ q}yv©xo



jpoUqsjktŒu$oUnktxuY…q

`

cœy}txnklYq}jžtŒuYytUq

`

c7y}|¨y}qscd C½ŠUe3Ejžy O

C

W

EB[C\^C

W

EE

?

C

W

EB[

?

^C

W E ! ‹

L„c



cŸDc

`

o!©ŒcO

k[

W _ba

^C

W

E([O‹ m

_`

oruY¾yDq}tq

`

ct



cd CJ2Eqstgw



ttU<q

`

cœorys|d$wJqstxq}jk~Dy}qzoUŽJjžnkjkq |trbq

`

cvt



jk…xjku<¼Ujkqjkyy}l¡$~jkcuqqsty

`

tUŸ

q `

oUq7jkqjky }£Äorys|d$wJqstxq}jk~ƒoUnknk|mysqoUŽYnkcx¤vtUŸ¼Qjª

W

ŽQcnktxuY…Bqst, q

`

cu nC

W

E/[*‹BoUu

{

ysjkuY~c. gjžy

jku©xo

 joruq oru

{

~tŒuqzoUjkuYc

{

jku?tŒuYc

`

oUy ^C\wghC

W

EEB[W‹g¢t



oUnknnX _+

ystKO

[

W`_ a

nC\ g CW EEB[W‹,o

f X _+

m

„tUŸ*Ž|q

`

cQc



tU£ ysqoUqsc

{

cqsc~qzoUŽJjžnkjkq | orysyslJd$wYq}jžtŒu<¼YŸc

`

o!©xcnkjžd

d

KMN

\ d C W E [;‹J¼QystŸDc

`

o!©Œc

y ` tUŸu q `

c4 0£Äorqsq



oU~qsjk©jžq |tr q ` ct



jk…xjku oru { q `

lYyjkqvjky 0£Äorys|d$wJqstxq}jk~ƒoUnknk|mysqoUŽYnkcx¼­y}jkuY~cmjkq7jžy

orysyslJd$c

{

qstmŽQc¬­|oUwYlYuJtU©mysqzorŽYnkcx¤

7H

m³ ™Y˜

„uYcgtUq

`

c7jku¨q}c



cysqsjkuY…mŸt



¾m¢t



y}qsl

{

|¨jkuY…mq

` c 

cnporqsjktxuYy

`

jkw$ŽQcq Ÿccu¯ysqzorŽYjknkjžq |moUu

{

tŒŽYysc



©xoUŽYjknkjkq | ¢t

 q ` c nkjkuYcƒo



~tŒuqsjkulYtxlYyBqsjkd$cy}|¨y}qscd jky$q

` c 

cyslYnkqtU t



y}c =kx>s¤ Lvc

`

oUy

w  tU©xc

{ q`

oUqȝ¢t



oUumtŒŽYysc



©xoUŽJnžc7~tŒuqsjkulYtxlYynkjkuYcƒo



ys|ysq}cd q ` c7t



jž…ŒjkumjžyoUy}|d$wYq}txqsjk~ƒornknž|7y}qzoUŽJnžc7jª

oru

{

tŒuYnk|$jªDq

`

ctŒlYqswJlYq„¢lYuY~q}jktxu¦jkyvy}»lo



cjkuqsc…



orŽYnkc¢t



ornžn%jkuYjkqsjpoUn­~tŒu

{

jkqsjktŒu<¤ZGJtxnknktUŸjkuY…q

` c

y}q



orjk…

`

qnkjkuYctr q` jkyŸt



¾­¼



c~cuqsnk| jku<=IJ>Dq

`

c$oUlYq

` t 

yc¨q}cu

{

oru

{

…xcuJc



ornžjky}cmq

`

cmy}qsl

{

jkcyqst

uYtŒuYnkjkuYcƒo



~txuqsjkuYtŒlYy<q}jždBc<y}|¨y}qscd¯¤n;„uoUuQoUnktx…ŒlYc



cyslYnkqtUYq

`

cw



txwQtxysjkq}jžtŒuC¢ŠEJ½t

 q `

c~tŒuqsjkulYtxlYy

q}jždBcys|y}qscdŸoUy7…xjk©xcu lYu { c 

oBysq



tŒuY…xc



oUysy}lYd$wJqsjktxu¦q

`

oUu¯txl

 y O„¥ uYysq}cƒo

{

tr q ` c Qc



tr£Sy}qzoUq}c

{

cqsc~qoUŽYjknkjkq |$q

`

c|yslYwJwtŒyscq

`

oUqq

`

c7ys|ysq}cd jky Qc



tr£Sy}qzoUq}ctxŽJysc



©xoUŽYnkcx¤

-;82$ $m2

_`

cB»loUnkjkqzorqsjk©xcq

`

ct

| ~cuqsc



y$o



tŒlYu { q `

c$Žorysjk~m~tŒuY~cwYqmtrœ¬­|oUwYlYuJtU©¦q

`

ct



|>oru

{

¬<oŒhYoUnknkc

jku©xo

 joruY~c„w



jkuY~jkwYnkcx¤%¥ uq

`

jkyŸDt



¾mq

`

c7txŽYqoUjkuYc { 

cy}lYnkqDcq}cu { q `

cvjkuqsc



cysq„tU<~nporysysjk~ƒorn­q

`

ct



|¼

jku q `

c¦yscuYyq

`

orqmŸDc

{

txu q  c»¨lJj

 c q ` c {

c0«uYjkqscuJcysy¦trq

` c ¬ |¨orwYlYuYtU©¯¢lJuY~qsjktŒuYy$lYy}c { ¤ GJt



jkuYy}qzoUuJ~c7q

`

c„cjžy}qscuJ~ctUoru$cuJc



…Œ|m¢lYuJ~qsjktxu,W~ƒoUuŽQcvlYy}c

{

jkumq

`

coUŽJyscuY~cœtr

{

c«uJjžq}cuYcy}yvtŒu

y}lY~

`

¢lYuY~qsjktxu<¤

_`

jkyjkyo„uYcŸ qsttxn½t

 q `

cvoruoUnk|ysjky%tU­ysqzorŽYjknkjžq |7tr

{

jky}~



cq}c£ qsjkd$cuYtxuJnžjkuYc!o



ys|ysq}cd$yq

`

oUq

`

oUyuYtxq

|ŒcqDŽQccuBcwYnktxjkqsc

{

¤n;„u$cq}cuqsjktxumq}tuYtxu$orlYqstŒuYtxdBtxlYy

{

jª¹­c



cuY~c7c»loUq}jktxuYyŸjknknYŽQc~txuJysj { c  c {

jku¦o7½t

 q `

~tŒd$jkuY…worwc

 ¤

M c `

o!©xcoUwYwYnkjkc { q `

jkyqsttxnqst7q

`

cDw



txŽJnžcd*tUQuYtxuYnkjkuYcƒo



y}qzoUŽJjžnkjTƒorqsjktxu7Ž|jkd$w



tU©jžuJ…Dq

`

cD~norysy}jž~!oUn

l  {

‚0c©jž~0£„lYjkuq

`

ct



cd =Г>s¼Doru { 

cd o 

¾y Œ¼IJjknžnklYy}q



oUqsc

`

tUŸˆq

`

jkyuYcŸ orwYw



toU~

`

do!|

`

o!©Œc

y}jž…ŒuYjª«~ƒoru¨qvorwYwYnkjk~ƒoUq}jktxuYy!¤

„x&28„

=ž">x7¤n;„c|xcnky$oru { ‡

¤hcwYlYnk~

`Y

cx¤ hqzorŽYjknžjkq |½t

 {

|uoUdBjž~!oUnys|ysq}cd$ymŸjkq

` « 

y}qmjžuq}c…



oUnky7O;

qstxwQtxnktŒ…xjk~ƒoUnQ~



jžq}c



jktŒu<¤

8 &(2*,

1

771

¼

/

CsƒŒJ2E¼e¨‘J e¨‘RJ¤

=J@>x7¤ AD|



uYcyvoUu

{

x7¤ ¦o



q}jžu%¤;„umjku¨q}c…



oUnª£ jžu©xo



jpoUuY~cDw



jkuY~jkwYnkc¢t



uYtŒuYnkjkuYcƒo



ys|ysq}cd$y!¤

b*3 h- u32/&(2*,

¼

^

Cs!x2RE¼YŒ“xŠ °xre¤

=Š@>

¤,xo

}

¤c;vwYwYnkjk~ƒorqsjktxuYytU(xcuqsc



¦oUuJjº½txn { _`

ct



|¤hw



jkuY…Œc



NÈc



npoU… „cŸDt



¾­¼hCs!x“YE¤

=e5>h­¤¤

&

npo!|

{

jS¤3;„ujkuq

 t {

lY~q}jžtŒumqst

{

jª¹­c



cuJ~cvc»lorqsjktxuJyƒ¤h°w



jkuY…Œc



Nc



npoU… vcŸDt



¾­¼YƒŒx‘Y¤

=R@>M*¤3Lœo

`

u<¤hqoUŽYjknkjkq |trd$tŒqsjktxu%¤<hw



jžuJ…xc



Nc



npoU… vcŸDt



¾­¼­ƒŒ‘HJ¤

=‘@>

¤FLvl



qƒ¤htŒd$c7hqzorŽYjknžjkq |mq

`

ct



cd$y®¢t

 t  {

jkuo

 | {

jª¹­c



cuY~cmc»lorqsjktxuYy!¤

% - n$8u3

- *,

¼ ^

CsƒŒ‘H2E¼,Rx“2J ,Rxx‘J¤

=H@>;¤¥ …x…Œj { 

¼2Aœ¤oUnkjkqsjkuYcvoru { ‡

¤%„lYq}ŽYjkŽ>hcdBjº£

{

c«QuYjkqscœ¬ |¨orwYlYuYtU©g¢lYuY~qsjktxuYy O%ysqzorŽYjknkjžq |moUu

{

ysqzorŽYjknkj0T!oUqsjktŒu<¤

&B,

¼^Cpqst$orwYwQcƒo



E¤