ﺭﻴﺴﺠﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺜﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻨﻫﺍﺭﻤ
ﺩ . ﻥﻴﺠﺎﻁﻭﺒ ﺩﻴﻌﺴﻝﺍ
ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ ﺒ ﻥ ﺒ ﺎﺩ ﻴ ﺱ ﻡﻨﺎﻐﺘﺴﻤ ) ﺍ ﻝ ﺠ ﺯ ﺍﺌ ﺭ (
Translation and cultural bridges .betting on a third language .
the third language deals , in case of various literary texts ,with a specific samples are supposed to establish bridges between cultural situations regardless of their nature , as every single cultural situation ,is in the end ,the product of series of complex composite accumulation of knowledge that need knowing its structure.
and whatever these cases and their origin and dimensions are ,social ,psychological , ideological , philosophical ,superstitions or legendary ,they refer to a certain awareness ,and to the practices and beliefs that makes all together a special identity ,standing as it is ,even if it is primitive differs from other systems ,or unique from a different point of view
(1 ﺹﻨﻝﺍ لﺒﻗ ﺎﻤ :
ﻭ ﺭﻴﺴﺠﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻨﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﻻﺍ
،ﺎﻬﻓﻼﺘﺨﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ لﺎﺤ ﻲﻓ ،ﺔﺜﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ لﻤﺎﻌﺘﺘ ﺍﺭﻭﺴﺠ ﻡﻴﻘﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺽﺭﺘﻔﻴ ﺔﺼﻭﺼﺨﻤ ﺕﺎﻨﻴﻋ ﻊﻤ
ﺔﻝﺎﺤ لﻜ ﻥﺃ ﻙﺍﺫ ،ﺎﻬﺘﻌﻴﺒﻁ ﻥﻋ ﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺽﻐﺒ ،ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺝﺎـﺘﻨ ،ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻬﻨ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻫ ،ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜ
ﻥـﻤ ﺔﻠـﺴﻠﺴ
ﺎﻬﺘﻼﻜﺸﺘﺒ ﺔﻁﺎﺤﻹﺍ ﻲﻋﺩﺘﺴﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﻜﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻓﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻜﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍ .
ﺩﺎﻌﺒﺃ ﻭ ﺎﻬﻝﻭﺼﺃ ﻭ ﺕﻻﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺎﻤﻬﻤ ﻭ ﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ،ﺎﻫ
ﺔﻴﺩﺌﺎﻘﻌﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨﻝ
ﺔﻴﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻓﺍﺭﺨﻝﺍ ﻭ
ﻭ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﻨﻗ ﻭ ﺕﺎﺴﺭﺎﻤﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻭ ،ﺎﻤ ﻲﻋﻭ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻴﺤﺘ ﺎﻬﻨﺈﻓ ،ﺔﻴﺭﻭﻁﺴﻷﺍ ﻭ ﺔـﻴﻨﺒﺃ
ﻭ ﻫ ﺔـﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤ لﻜـﺸﺘ ﺕﺍﺩﺎـﻋ ﺔـﻴﻭ
ﺔﺼﻭﺼﺨﻤ ﺇ ﺙﻴﺤ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻤﺌﺎﻗ ﺎﻬﻨﻜﻝ ،
ﺔﻴﺌﺍﺩﺒ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﻭﻝ ﻭ ،ﻙﻝﺫﻜ ﺎﻬﻨ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻭ
ﺔـﻗﺭﺎﻔﻤ ﻭﺃ ،ﻯﺭﺨﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻥـﻤ
ﺭﺨﻵﺍ ﺭﻅﻨ ﺔﻴﻭﺍﺯ .
ﺫﺇ ﻭ لﻭﻘﺤﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘ ﻥﺈﻓ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺏﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻤﺎﻤﺘ ﻕﺒﻁﻨﻴ ﻻ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺍ ﺔﻴﻓﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ
ﻯﺭﺨﻷﺍ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﻭ ،
ﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺎﺒ ﻕﻠﻌﺘ ﺓﺭﺎﺜﻹﺍﻭ ﺩﻴﻘﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺎﻏ ﺭﻤﺃ ،ﺓﺩﻴﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻴﺤﺭ
ﺔـﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺭـﻴﻏ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺏﻌﻠﺘ ﺩﻗ ﻭ ،
،ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺽﺭﻓ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻴﺯﻜﺭﻤ ﺍﺭﻭﺩ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺜ ﺔﻐﻝ ﺭﺒﻋ ،ﺀﺎﻔﺘﻜﻻﺍ ﻡﺜ ﻥﻤ ﻭ ،ﺎﻬﺴﻤﻁ ﻭﺃ ﺎﻬﻀﻓﺭﺒ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﺼﻭﺼﺨﻝﺍ لﻭﺒﻘﺒ ﺀﺍﻭﺴ
ﻥﻤ ﻕﺒﺎﻁﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻪﺒﺎﺸﺘﻤﻝﺍ لﻘﻨﺒ ،ﺔﺜﻝﺎﺜ ﻭﺃ ﺕﺎﻋﺍﺩﺒﻹﺍ
ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺼﺤﺘﻝ ﺔﻴﺭﻴﻐﻝﺍ ﺎـﻴﻬﻝﺇ ﻥﺎـﻜ ﻭﻝ ﻭ ،ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﺜﺁ ﻥﻤ
ﻥﻷ ،
ﻲﻠﺤﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻜﺤﺘﻴ ﻲﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ لﻘﻌﻝﺍ .
ﺎﻫﺭﻫﻭﺠ ﻲﻓ ،ﺭﻴﺴﺠﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻜﻓ ﻥﺃ ﻲﻨﻌﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻊﻤ ﺔﻠﺼ ﺔﻤﺎﻗﺇ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺕﺎﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻰﻌﺴﺘ ﺫﺇ ﻭ ،ﺎﻤﺌﺍﺩ ﺔﻴﺩﺎﻴﺤ ﺕﺴﻴﻝ ،
ﻊـﻗﺍﻭﻤ ﻥﻤ ،ﺓﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﻥﺎﻴﺤﺃ ﻲﻓ ﻭ ،ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﺎﻤﻏﺭ ،ﻕﻠﻁﻨﺘ ﺎﻬﻨﺈﻓ ﻯﺭﺨﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺩـﺤﻤ
ﻭ ﺔـﻴﻓﺭﻌﻤ ﺕﺎـﻴﻔﻠﺨ ﻥـﻤ ﻭ ،
ﻭﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﺒﺎﺸ ﺎﻤ ﻭﺃ ،ﺎﻬﺘﺍﺫ ﺭﺎﻜﻓﻷﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﺇ ﺩﻴﻌﺘ ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﺩﻴﺃ ﻑﺩﻬﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺘﺍ
. ﻭﺩﻐﺘ ﺍﺫﻜﻫ ﻭ ،ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝﺍ
ﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻗ ﺀﺯﺠ ﻲﻓ
ﺔﻴﻜﺯﺘ ﻭ ﺍﺩﻴﻜﺄﺘ ،ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﺔﺼﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﻴﻭﻬﻝ ،ﺎﻬﻴﻝﺇ لﻘﻨﻨ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﻭﻤﺤﻤﻝ
.
ﺎﻨﻫ ﺎﻫ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﻴ ﺔﻴﺠﻴﺘﺍﺭﺘﺴﺈﺒ
ﺔـﻴﻋﻭﻨ ﺭﺎـﻴﺘﺨﺍ ﻲـﻓ ﻲﺌﺎﻘﺘﻨﻻﺍ ﺎﻫﺎﺤﻨﻤﺒ ﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﺴﺒﻼﻤﺒ ،ﺎﻬﺘﺍﺫ ﺩﺤ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝﺍ
لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ : ﺠﻝﺍ لﻤﺸﻴﻝ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﻯﺩﻌﺘﻴ ﺩﻗ ﻭ ،ﻑﻗﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻴﺅﺭﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻥﻭﻤﻀﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻊﺠﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻝﺎﻤ
. ﻭ ﺽﺭﺎـﻌﺘﻴ ﻻ ﺎـﻤ ﻱﺃ
ﻯﺭﺨﻷﺍ ﻡﻴﻘﻝﺍ ﺭﻁﺅﺘ ﺔﻴﻌﺠﺭﻤ ﺔﻤﻴﻘﻜ لﻭﺼﻭﻝﺍ ﺹﻨ ﺕﺎﻴﻝﺎﻤﺠ
،ﺎﻬﻓﻼﺘﺨﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ، ﺎﻬﺘﺎﺠﺎﺤ ﻕﻓﻭ ﺎﻬﻁﻤﻨﺘ ﻭ
.
ﻭ ﺘ ﺎﻤ ﺓﺩﺎﻋ
،ﺔﻴﺭﺎﻴﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ،ﺔﻴﺩﺎﺤﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﻌﺠﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻘﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻰﻌﺴ ﻁﻨﻤ ﻥﺴ ﻰﻝﺇ
ﺔﻴﺠﺫﻭﻤﻨ ﺓﺩﻋﺎﻗ ﻥﻭﻜﻴﻝ ﻪﻠﻴﻭﺩﺘ ﻭ ﺎﻬﻘ
ﺔﻨﻤﻴﻬﻤ ﺍﻭﺠ ﻭ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﻝﻼﻅﺒ ﻲﻘﻠﺘ ﺔﻴﻠﻀﺎﻔﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺒﻨ
ﺔﻴﻀﺍﺭﺘﻓﻻﺍ .
ﺭﻴﺴﺠﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻤﺘﺤ ﻱﺩﺅﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻥﻨﻘﻤ
ﻪﺒﺎﺸﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺱﺭﻜﻴ
ﹼﻻﺇ ﺱﻴﻝ ،ﻥﻴﺘﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﻥﻴﺘﻐﻝ ﻲﻗﻼﺘ ﺔﻁﻘﻨﻜ .
ﻥﻤ ﻰﻨﺩﺃ ﺔﺠﺭﺩ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻊﺠﺍﺭﺘﺘﻓ ﺔﺒﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤ ﺎﻤﺃ ﻭ ﻨﺇ ﺙﻴﺤ
ﺍﺭﺎـﻴﻌﻤ ﺫﺨﺘﺘ ﻻ ﺎﻬ
ﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻯﺭﺨﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺯﻜﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ لﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻕﺤﺘﺴﻴ ﻭﺃ ،ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻠﻝ لﺒﺎﻗ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤﻝ ،ﺓﺩﻭﺠﻠﻝ ﻲﻔﺘﻜ
ﺓﺩﺎﻋ ﺎـﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺯﻴﻜﺭﺘﻝﺎﺒ
ﻕﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺠﺎﻴﺘﺤﺍﻭ ﺎﻫﺩﺼﺎﻘﻤ ﻭ ﻑﻝﺂﺘﻴ ﻭ ،ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ
ﻕﻭﺴ ﺀﻯﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ .
ﻭ ﺇ لﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺩﺎﺼﻤ ﻥ ﺄﺘ ،لﻴﺼﻷﺍ
ﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﺴﻴﺴ ﻠ
ﺔﺒﻝﺎﻐﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺴﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ،ﻑﻗﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻭﺃ ،ﺎﻬﺘﺍﺫ ﺩﺤ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻐ
ّلﺠ ﺯﻴﻤﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ
،ﺏﺍﺩﻵﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ لﻘﻨﺒ ﻡﺘﻬﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺯﺠﻨﻤﻝﺍ لﻘﻨﺒ ﻕﻠﻌﺘ ﺎﻤ ﺔﺼﺎﺨﺒﻭ
ﺎﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻭ ﺎﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﺍ ﺔﻨﻤﻴﻬﻤﻝﺍ .
ﻬﺸﺒ ،ﺓﺭﻴﺒﻜ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﺃ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺍﺫ ﺱﻴﻝ ﻪﻨﺃ ﻡﻏﺭ ،ﺕﺎﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻱﺩﺸﺭ ﻥﺎﻤﻠﺴﻝ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻁﻴﺸ ﺕﺎﻴﺁ ﺏﺎﺘﻜ لﻘﻨ ﻡﺘ ﺩﻘﻝ ﺓﺩﺎ
ﺭﻜﻤ ﺩﺎﻘﻨ ﺭﻤﺎﻐﻤ ﻭ ﷲﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻤﺎﻐﻤ لﺎﻤﻫﺇ ﻡﺘ ﻥﻴﺤ ﻲﻓ ،ﻥﻴﺴ ﺎﻓﺎﻜ لﺎﺸﻴﻤﻝ ﺭﻴﻐﺼﻝﺍ ﺢﻴﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺍ
ﺎﻨ . ﻲﻓ ،ﻥﺁﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﻘﺘﻨﻴﻓ لﻭﻷﺍ ﺎﻤﺃ
ﻥﻴـﺒ ﻭ ﻪﻨﻴﺒ ﺭﺴﺠ ﺔﻤﺎﻗﺇ ﻊﻴﻁﺘﺴﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻭﺩ ،ﻪﺘﻐﻝ ﻲﻓ ﺱﻤﻁ ﻪﹼﻨﺃ ﻻﺇ ،ﺔﻴﺎﻐﻠﻝ ﺭﺨﺎﺴ لﻜﺸﺒ ﺱﺩﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﻡﺩﻘﻴ ﻥﻴﺤ ﻯﺭﺨﻷﺍ ﻥﺴﻝﻷﺍ .
،ﺔـﻤﻅﻨﻤ ﺔـﻴﻝﺍﻭﻨﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﺌﺎﻗ ،ﻭﺩﺒﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﻭﻫ ﻭ ،ﻪﺴﻴﺭﻜﺘ ﺩﺍﺭﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﺴﺠﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻉﻭﻨ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻤﺎﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ لﻴﺤﻴ
ﻁﻁﺨﻤ ﻼﺒﻗ ﺎﻬﻝ . ﻥﻭﺩ ،ﺭﺨﻵﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﺔﻤﺎﻗﻹ ﺕﺎﻌﻴﻭﻨﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﺠﺎﺤﺒ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻊﻤ ﺔﻁﺭﻔﻤ ﺔﻴﺘﺍﺫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺊﻜﺘﺘ ﺔﻠﺒﺭﻏ ﺔﻴﺃ
ﻉﺍﺩﺒﻹﺍ ﻊﻤ لﻤﺎﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ .
ﻯﺭﺨﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻤﻋﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺏﺤﺴﻨﺘ ﺎﻬﺴﻔﻨ ﺔﻅﺤﻼﻤﻝﺍ .
ﻰـﻝﺇ ﻡﺠﺭـﺘ ﺎـﻤ ﺏـﻠﻏﺃ ﻥﺇ
ﻤ ﺍﺫ ﻥﺎﻜ ،لﻴﺜﻤﺘﻝﺍ لﻴﺒﺴ ﻰﻠﻋ ،ﺔﻴﺴﻭﺭﻝﺍ
،ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻤﺴﺃﺭﻠﻝ ﺔﻀﻫﺎﻨﻤ ﺔﻴﺭﺎﺴﻴ لﻭﻴ ﻭ
ﻲﻝﺎﻴﺭﺒﻤﻹﺍ ﺏﻁﻘﻠﻝ ﺕﺎﺤﻼﻁﺼﻻﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻲﻓ
ﺎﻬﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘ ﻡﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻀﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﻴﻌﺒﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ
. ﺩﺼﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻭ '
ﻪﻨﻋ ﺕﻭﻜﺴﻤﻝﺍ '
ﻰﻠﻋ ،ﻥﻴﻭﺎﻨﻌﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ لﻘﻨ ﺀﺍﺭﻭ ﻥﻤ
ﻓﺍﻭﺘﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﺩﻴﻷﺍ ﺩﻌﺒﻝﺍ ﻯﺩﻌﺘﻴ ﻻ ،ﺎﻬﺘﹼﻠﻗ ﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻕ
ﺏﺎـﻁﺨ ﻱﺃ ،ﻙﺍﺫﻨﺁ ﺔﻁﻠﺴﻠﻝ ﻲﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨ ،ﺩﺎـﻀﻤﻝﺍ ﺏـﻁﻘﻝﺍ
ﻪﺘﻴﻨﻓ ﻥﻋ ﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﺼﺒ .
ﻭ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺯﻜﺭﻤ ﺕﻠﻅ ﺭﻴﺴﺠﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻜﻓ ﻥﺈﻓ ،ﻲﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺒﻨﺎﺠ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺭﻴﺜﻤ ﻭ ﺔﻤﻬﻤ ﻥﻴﻭﺎﻨﻌﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﻥﺌﻝ
ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﺩﻴﻷﺎﺒ ﻡﺯﺘﻠﺘ ﻡﻝ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ لﺎﻤﻋﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻨﻓ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ّلﻗﺃ لﺎﻤﻋﺃ ﺕﻤﺠﺭﺘ ﺍﺫﻝ ،ﻱﺭﻴﻐﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﺎﻴﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺫﺸﺘ ﻻ ﺕ
ﺔـﻴﺭﺎﻴﻌﻤﻝﺍ
ﻨ ﺩﺍﺭﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻤﻋﻷﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻊﻤ ،ﺎﻫﺭﺸ
ﺔﻴﻗﺍﺭ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﻡﺠﺭﺘﺘ ﻡﻝ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ لﺎ ﻼﻴﺜﻤﺘﻭ ﺍﺭﻭﻀﺤ ﺭﺜﻜﺃﻭ ،
.
ﻨﺴ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺭﺭﻜﺘﺘﺴ ﺎﻬﺘﺍﺫ ﺔﺒﺭﺠﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺏﺍﺩﻵﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ،ﻥﻴ
. ﻪﻘﻴﺭﻁ ﻑﺭﻋ ﺎﻤ لﺠ ﻥﺃ ﺕﺎﻴﺌﺎﺼﺤﻹﺍ ﺕﺘﺒﺜﺃ ﺩﻗ ﻭ
،ﻯﺭﺨﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕﺎﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﻊﻤ ﺎﻘﻓﺍﻭﺘﻤ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻯﺭﺨﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺍﺩﻨﻝﻭﻴ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻁﻴﻹﺍ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺕﺭﺎﺸﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ
ﺎﻬﺘﻼﺨﺍﺩﻤ ﻯﺩﺤﺇ ﻲﻓ ﻱﺩﺭﺍﻭﻏ .
ﺔﻘﺌﺎﻓ ﺔﻴﺎﻨﻌﺒ ﺕﻴﻅﺤ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻭﺎﻨﻌﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﺃ ﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺕﻠﻘﻨ ﻭ ،
ﺔﻴﺯﻴﻠﺠﻨﻹﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻁﻴﻹﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﻨﺭﻔ ﻭ
ﺽﻌﺒ ﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﻐﻠﻝﺍ ،ﻯﺭﺨ
ﻥﺎﻜﻓ ﺓﺭﻤﻀﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﻋﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺎﻘﻓﺍﻭﺘﻤ ﺎﻬﺒﻠﻏﺃ ﺎﻬﻤﻫﺃ ﻭ ،ﺭﻴﺴﺠﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝ
: ﺔﺒﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ،ﻥﻴﺭﺨﻵﺍ ﺱﻭﺅﺭﺒ ﺭﻴﻜﻔﺘﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ،ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﺩﻀ
ﻥﻴﺭـﺨﺁ ﺏﺎﺘﻜ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻭﺃ ،ﺭﺎﺴﻴﻝﺍ ﺩﻬﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺯﻜﺍﺭﻤ ﺍﻭﻨﺎﻜ ﺏﺎﺘﻜ ﻥﻋ ﺕﹼﻠﺨﺘ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻨﻅﺤﻻ ﻥﺇ ﺄﺠﺎﻔﺘﻨ ﻻ ﺍﺫﻝ ﺍﻭﻤﺯﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺨﻵﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﺯﻨﻝ ﺔﻴﻁﻴﺴﺒﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺎﻜﺎﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺍﺩﻴﻌﺒ ،ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺍﻭﺒﺘﻜ ﻭﺃ ،ﺩﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﺃﺩﺒﻤ .
ﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻭﺎﻨﻌﻠﻝ ﺓﺭﺒﺎﻋ ﺓﺀﺍﺭﻗ ﻥﺇ ﺎﻨﻠﻴﺤﺘﻝ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻤ
ﻴﺌﺎﻘﺘﻨﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤ
،ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﻐﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺕﻤﻨ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺔ
ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﻭ
ﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ لﺎﺤ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﺩ .
ﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻥﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻑﻗﻭﻤ ﺎﻬﻝ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ لﺎﻤﻋﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺯﻴﻜﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﺘ ﺍﺫﻝ
ﻲﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﻴﻝﺎﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻥﻤ ﻭ ،
ﺕﺎﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴ ﻊﻤ ﺽﺭﺎﻌﺘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺩ ﻭ
ﺔﻴﺒﻨﺠﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺯﻜﺍﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻥﻴﺭﺸﺎﻨﻝﺍ .
ﻭ ﻪﻬﻴﺠﻭﺘ ﻡﺜ ﻥﻤ ﻭ ،ﻲﻠﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﺘﻴﺎﺼﻭ ﺽﺭﻓ ﻲﻓ ،ﺎﻤ ﺩﺤ ﻰﻝﺇ ،ﺕﺤﻠﻓﺃ ﺕﺎﺌﻴﻬﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﺄﺒ ﺭﺍﺭﻗﻹﺍ ﺏﺠﻴ
ﺎﻬﻴﻐﺘﺒﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻬﺠﻭﻝﺍ .
ﻭ ﻑـﻗﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔـﻴﺅﺭﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻪـﺠﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺙـﻴﺤ ﻥﻤ ،ﺏﻠﻁﻝﺍ ﺕﺤﺘ ،ﺱﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺏﺩﺃ ﺭﻬﻅ ﺎﻨﻫ ﻥﻤ
ﻲﻫ ﻭ ،ﺔﻗﻭﺭﻁﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻻ ،ﻩﺍﺅﺭ ﻭ ﻪﺘﺎﻴﺤ ﻁﻤﻨ ﻭ ﺭﺨﻵﺍ ﺔﻘﺌﺍﺫ ﻡﺩﺨﺘ ﺕﺎﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤ
.
لـﺠﺃ ﻥـﻤ ﻥﻭﻔﻝﺅﻴ ﺍﻭﺤﺒﺼﺃ ،ﺔﻴﺒﺭﺎﻐﻤﻝﺍ لﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻭ ،ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻁﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ،ﻥﻭﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﻡﻫ ﻭ ،ﺏﺎﹼﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻥﺇ لﺒ ﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﺍﻭﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺝﻭﺭﺨﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ،ﻲﻋﻭﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻤﺘ ،ﻥﻭﻌﻴ ﻡﻫ ﻭ ،ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻭﺭﻭﻷ
- ﻙﻝﺫ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻡﻬﻠﻫﺅﻴ ﻻ ﺔﻴﻜﻴﺭﻤﺃ .
ـﺸﺘﻨﺍ ﺍﺩﻏ ﺩﻘﻝ ﺭﺎ
ﺏﺎﻁﻗﻷﺍ ﺓﺩﺌﺎﻔﻝ ﺕﻻﺯﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤﺒ ،ﺕﻻﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﺏﻠﻏﺃ ﻲﻓ ،ﺎﻤﻭﻜﺤﻤ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻠﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻪـﺠﻭﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ
ﺎﻬﺘﺍﺭﻤﻀﻤﻭ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ،ﻑﻗﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ .
ﻭـﺴﺘ ﻲـﺘﻝﺍ ﺔـﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺒﻭﻠﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﻀﻌﻤ ،ﻥﻭﻤﺠﺭﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻠﻫﺎﺠﺘﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ،ﺭﻴﺴﺠﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺯﻜﺭﻤ ﺔﻠﻀﻌﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻑﺎﻀﻨﺘ ﻕ
ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺫﻭﻔﻨﻝﺍ ﻕﻴﺭﻁ ﻥﻋ ﺎﻬﺠﻭﺘﻨﻤ .
ﻑﻴﻀﻨ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻭ ﻥـﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻁﻠـﺴ ﺏـﻴﻴﻐﺘ ،ﺙﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﺎﺤ ﻲﻓ ،ﻙﻝﺫ ﻰﻝﺇ
ﺭـﺠﻨﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻊﻤ ،ﺎﻴﻝﻭﺩ ﺎﻬﻠﻴﺜﻤﺘ ﻭﺃ ،ﺎﻬﹼﻠﺤﻤ لﻭﻠﺤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﻬﻝﺍ ﺽﻴﻭﻘﺘ ﺎﻬﻨﺎﻜﻤﺈﺒ ﺔﻁﻠﺴ ﻲﻫ ﻭ ،لﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻁﻠﺴ ﺭﻭﻀﺤﺒ ﻥﻋ ﻥﻤ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻘﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﺱﻜﻌﺘ ﻻ ﺕﺎﻔﻝﺅﻤ ﺭﻴﺩﺼﺘ ﺏﺎـﺴﺤ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﺎﻴﺩـﻋﺎﻗ ﺎﻌﺠﺭﻤ ،ﺕﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ،ﺢﺒﺼﺘﻝ ،ﻲﻘﻴ
ﺎﺠﻀﻨ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﺕﺎﻔﻝﺅﻤ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ
ﻭ ﻙﻝﺫﻜ ﺔﺒﺭﺠﺘ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﻭ ،ﺔﺒﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﺩﻋﺍﻭﻘﺒ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ .
ﺔـﻌﺠﺍﺭﻤﺒ ﺍﺀﺩﺒ ،ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻕﻼﺨﺄﺒ ﻰﹼﻠﺤﺘﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻥﺈﻓ ﻡﻤﻷﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺭﻭﺴﺠ ﻕﻠﺨ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻭﺒﺼﺘ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺍﺫﺇ ﻭ لﻘﻨﺘ ﻻ ﺩﻗ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻘﺘﻨﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁ ﻉﺍﺩﺒﻹﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻩﻭﺸﻤ ﺀﺯﺠ ﻯﻭﺴ
ﻲﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ،ﻪﻋﻭﻨﺘ ﻲﻓ
ﺃﺩﺒﻤ ﻕﻘﺤﺘﻴ ﻻ ﻙﻝﺫﺒ ﻭ
ﻲﻗﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺯﻜﺭﻤﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﺒﺴﺒ ﺏﻴﺭﻐﻝﺍ لﻭﺒﻗ .
لﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﻲﻓ لﹼﺜﻤﺘﺘ ﻭ ،ﺎﻬﻠﻫﺎﺠﺘ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻻ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺔﻁﻘﻨ ﺔﻤﺜ )
ﻼﺜﻤ ﺔﻴﻜﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﺎﺤﻝﺍ (
ﺏﺍﺩﻵﺍ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘ ﻲﻓ
ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﻻﺍ لﺎﺤ ﻲﻓ ﻭ ،ﺩﻭﻘﻋ لﺒﻗ ﺞﺘﻨﺃ ﺎﻤ ﻭﺃ ،ﺔﻤﻴﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻤﺴﻷﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻭﺃ ،ﺔﻴﻗﺭﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺍﺩﻵﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺯﻜﺭﺘ ﺎﻬﹼﻨﺈﻓ ،ﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺎﺒ
ﻯﺭﺨﻷﺍ ﻥﻭﺩ ﺔﺴﺭﻜﻤﻝﺍ .
ﺔﻝﺂﻀ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﻅﻨﻝﺎﺒ لﻴﺌﻀﻓ ﻲﺒﺭﺎﻐﻤﻝﺍ ﺝﻭﺘﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻅﺤ ﺎﻤﺃ ﺎﻤ ،ﺔﻴﺎﻋﺩﻝﺍ ﻡﺍﺩﻌﻨﺍ ﻭ ﻊﻴﺯﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻙﺎﻜﺘﺤﻻﺍ
ﻥﻫﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺕﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻗﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ،ﺭﻴﺴﺠﺘ ﻱﻷ ﺔﻴﺌﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﺒﺼﻝﺍ ﺩﻜﺅﻴ .
-2 ﺜﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺔﺜﻝﺎ : ﻑﻗﻭﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ
ﺢـﺼﻨﻴ ﻭ ﺱﻤـﺸﻤ ﻡﻭـﻴ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻘﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺘﻜﻴﺭﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺱﻝﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻪﺒﺸﺘ ﺓﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﺕﺎﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺓﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍ ﻡﻬﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺫـﻌﺘﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻨﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﺘﻭﺎﻔﺘﻤ ﺕﺎﺠﺭﺩﺒ ،ﻪﻌﻤ لﻤﺎﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻔﻴﻜ ﻡﺠﺭﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺽﺭﻔﻴ ﻩﺩﺤﻭ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻙﺍﺫ ،ﻰﻗﺭﻐﻝﺍ
ﺭﻀ ﺕﺎﻨﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻥﻜﺘ ﻡﻝ ﻥﺇ ،ﺎﻬﻴﻁﺨﺘ لـﻤﺎﻌﺘﻨ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﺜﻷﺎﺒ ﺓﺭﻀﻤ ﺕﻼﻴﻭﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﻻ ﻥﺃ ﺔﻁﻴﺭﺸ ،ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﺭﻭ
لﻭﺼﻭﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﺒ ﻪﻝﺍﺩﺒﺘﺴﺍ ﻭ ﻲﻠﺼﻷﺍ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺱﻤﻁ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻑﺩﻬﺘ ﺕﻼﻴﻭﺤﺘ ﻱﺃ ،ﻪﻌﻤ .
ﺇ لﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻥﺎﺘﻴﻀﺍﺭﺘﻓﻻﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﻨﺎﻤﺃ ﻭ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻗﺩ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺎﻤﻬﻤ ﻪﻨ
،
ﻥﺈﻓ ﺔﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ لﻘﻨ ﻥـﻤ ﺔـﺒﺭﺎﻘﻤ ،ﺎﻴﺒـﺴﻨ لﻅﻴﺴ
،ﺔﻨﻜﻤﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﺭﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻷ
ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻻﺇ ﻪﻠﻘﻨ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻻ ﻲﻠﺼﻷﺍ .
لﻜـﺸﺒ ﺔـﻴﻠﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ لﻴﺎﺘﺴﻭﺩ ﻡﺍﺩﻤ ﺕﺼﺨﻝ ﺩﻘﻝ ﻭ
ﺭﻴﺜﻤ :
"
ﺓﺭﻴﺎﻐﻤ ﺓﺍﺩﺄﺒ ﺍﺩﻴﺠ ﻑﺯﻌﺘ ﻻ ،ﺓﺍﺩﺃ ﺔﻁﺴﺍﻭﺒ ﺎﻬﻔﻴﻝﺄﺘ ﻡﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻘﻴﺴﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺇ
") .(1
ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻴﺴ ﻲﻓ ،ﻭﺩﻐﺘ ﺩﻗ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﻱﺩﺎﻔﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﺠﺭﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻋﺎﺴﻤ ،ﺎﻬﺘﻴﺭﻘﺒﻋ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺎﻤﻬﻤ ،ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﺔﻴﺃ ﺭﻭﺩﻘﻤﺒ ﺱﻴﻝ ﺔﻴﻨﻴﻋ ﺠﻭ ﺓﺩﻋﺎﻗ ﻭ ،ﺓﺩﻴﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺍﺀﺯﺠ ، ﺭﻭـﻅﻨﻤ ﻥـﻤ ﻕﻼـﺨﻷﺍ ،ﺔـﻨﻴﻌﻤ ﺔﻴﻗﻼﺨﺃ ﺩﻭﺩﺤ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺀﺎﻜﺘﻻﺍ ﺏ
ﻥﻴﻤﺠﺭﺘﻤﻝﺍ .
ﻕـﻘﺤﺘﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺓﺩﺎﻋ ﻭ ،ﻅﺤﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﺒ ﺏﺫﺎﺠﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻭﺃ ،لﻋﺎﻔﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺱﺴﺅﺘﻓ ،ﺎﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﺔﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻤﻝﺍ ،ﺔﺜﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﺃ
ﺠﺭﺘﻝﺍ لﻌﻔﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﻘﻴﻓﻭﺘ ﺔﻴﺅﺭ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻗﻼﻁﻨﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻲﻤ
. ﺔﺜﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺭﺘﺍﻭﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺤﺎﺘﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻠﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻭ :
ﻲﻓ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ،ﺏﻴﺭﻐﻝﺍ
ﻕﻼﺨﻷﺍ ،ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ .
ﺭﻴﻐﻝﺎﺒ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﻗﻼﺘﻝ لﺎﺠﻤ ﺢﺘﻓ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻤﻌﻴ ﺎﻤﻨﺇ ،ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﺍﺭﻭﺭﻤ ،ﻲﻘﻴﻘﺤ ﺭﺴﺠ ﻱﺃ ﺔﻤﺎﻗﺇ ﻥﺇ
"
ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺨﻠﺨﺒ
ﻥﻴﺘﻴﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺘﻤﻭﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ لﺨﺍﺩ
") ( 2 ﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﺔﻤﺎﻗﺇ ﻭ ،ﺔـﺠﻭﺩﺯﻤ ﺔﻨﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺢﺒﺼﺘ ﺍﺫﻜﻫ ﻭ ،ﻥﻴﺘﻴﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺘﻤﻭﻅﻨ
ﻴﺨ ﺩﺤﺍﻭ ﻥﺁ ﻲﻓ لﻭﺼﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝ ﻭ ﻕﻼﻁﻨﻻﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝ ﺔﻨﺎ .
ﻰـﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﻤﺎﻴﻘﻝ ﺔﻴﻌﻀﻭﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﻯﺩﺎﻔﺘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺴﻭﻤﺎﻘﻝﺍ لﺒﻗ ﺎﻤ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝﺍ ،ﺕﺎﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻉﻭﻨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻕﻠﻁﻴ ﻠﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ،ﺎﻤ لﻜﺸﺒ ،ﺎﻨﺩﻴﻌﺘ ﻲﻫ ﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻘﻠﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻊـﻀﻭﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻭ ،ﺭﻴﺴﻭﺴ ﻱﺩ ﺩﻨﺎﻨﻴﺩﺭﻓ ﺎﻬﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﻡﻼﻜﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻐ
ﻫ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﺭﺎﻤﺜﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺎﻀﻴﺃ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓﻭ ،ﺔﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻋ ﻲﻓﻭ ﺔﻴﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺌﺎﻴﻤﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻭﺍﺩﺘﻤ ﻭ
.
ﻭ ﻥﻴﻨﺜﺍ ﻥﻴﻴﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﺒﺍﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﻕﻘﺤﺘﺴ :
ﺭﺨﺁ ﻭ ،لﻜﺸﻝﺎﺒ ﺹﺎﺨ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﻤ
ﻥﻭﻤـﻀﻤﻝﺎﺒ .
لﻭﻷﺍ ﻥﺎـﻜ ﺍﺫﺇ ﻭ
ﻴ ﻻ ﻭ ،ﺎﻤﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﺔﻐﻝ لﻜ ﺔﻴﺼﻭﺼﺨ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﻅﻨﻝﺎﺒ ﻙﻝﺫﻜ ﻻﺇ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻜﻤ
، ّلـﺤﺘﻝ ﺭﺩـﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺔـﻐﻝ ﺏﺠﺤ ﻥﺈﻓ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻊﻤ ﻭ
ﻲﻀﺍﺭﺘﻓﻻﺍ ﺅﻓﺎﻜﺘﻝﺍ ﻭﺤﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻱﺩﺅﻴ ﺩﻗ ﻁﺒﺍﻭﻀ ﺔﻴﺃ ﻊﻀﻭ ﻥﻭﺩ ،ﻑﺩﻬﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻠﺤﻤ )
(3 ﻊﺠـﺸﺘ ﺩﻗ ﻩﺫﻬﻜ ﺓﺭﻜﻓ ﻥﺇ لﺒ ،
ﻪﺘﺍﺫ ﺩﺤ ﻲﻓ ﺏﻴﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﺽﻴﻭﻘﺘ ﻡﺜ ﻥﻤ ﻭ ،لﻴﻭﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﻻﺎﻐﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ .
،ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺙﺩﺤﺘﻨ ﺎﻤﺩﻨﻋ ﻥﺤﻨﻓ ،ﺎﻴﻝﺎﺜﻤ ﺎﺒﻨﺎﺠ ،ﺔﻴﻗﻼﺨﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻐﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﻀﺘﺘ ﺔﻨﺎﻤﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﻀﻗ ﺎﻤﻭﺩ ﺭﻀﺤﺘﺴﻨ
ﺔﻗﺩﻝﺍ ﻭ
(...) ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﻥﺎﺘﺌﻴﻠﻤ ﻥﺎﺘﻤﻠﻜ ﺎﻤﻬﻨﺇ (...)
ﻥـﻤ ﻭ ﺭﻴﻐﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻭ ﻪﺘﺍﺫ ﻥﻤ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻑﻗﻭﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﺎﺘﻤﻠﻜﻝﺍ لﻴﺤﺘ ﻭ
ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻌﺒﻁ ﻭ ،ﺩﻭﺠﻭﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ .
ﺭﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﺠﻤ ﻲﻔﻓ ﺔﻗﺩﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻨﺎﻤﻷﺍ ﺡﻭﺭﺒ ﺍﺫﻭﺨﺄﻤ ﻡﺠﺭﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ،ﺔﻤﺠ
. ﻭﻫ ﻙﻝﺫ
ﻲﻗﻼﺨﺃ ﻑﻐﺸ ﻭﻫ ﻭ ،ﻪﻔﻐﺸ ﻭ
"
ﺎﻴﻝﺎﻤﺠ ﻻ ﻭ ﺎﻴﺒﺩﺃ ﺱﻴﻝ
") .(4
ﺔـﻴﺎﻐﻝﺍ ﻊـﻤ ﺽﺭﺎـﻌﺘﺘ ﺩﻗ ﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ لﻅﺘ ،ﻪﺘﺍﺫ ﺕﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ،ﺎﻬﻨﻜﻝ ﻭ ،ﺏﻴﺭﻐﻝﺍ لﻭﺒﻗ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻕﻼﺨﻷﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺩﻜﺅﺘ ﺔﻴﻗﻼﺨﻷﺍ . ﻑﻭﺩ ﻥﻻﺃ لﻭﻘﻴ Alan Duff
":
ﻝﺍ ﻡﺠﺭﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺇ ﻥـﻤ ﺔﻴﺭﺤﺒ لﻘﺘﻨﻴ ﻻ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺔﻐﻝ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻐﻝ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤ ﺽﺭﻔﻴ ﻱﺫ
ﺔﺜﻝﺎﺜ ﺔﻐﻝ ﻭ ﺎﺜﻝﺎﺜ ﺎﻤﻝﺎﻋ ﻕﻠﺨﻴ ﻙﻝﺫ لﺩﺒ ﻪﻨﻜﻝ ﻭ ،ﻡﻝﺎﻋ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻡﻝﺎﻋ
") .(5
ﻭ ﻲﻓ ،ﺱﺴﺅﺘ ﺔﺜﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﺤﻭﺭﻁﺃ
،ﺍﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﺏﻴﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ، ﺩﻋﺎﺴﺘ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﺭﺠﺇ ﺕﺍﻭﺩﺃ ﻡﺩﻘﺘ ﻻ ﺎﻬﻨﻜﻝ
ﺎﻬﺘﺎﺒﺭﺎﻘﻤ ﻥﺇ لﺒ ،ﺎﻬﻝﺎﻐﺘﺸﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁ ﻥﻋ ﺕﺎﻨﻴﻋ ﻡﺩﻘﺘ ﻻ ﺎﻬﹼﻨﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﻑﺭﺼﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﺩﺤ ﻭ ﺏﻴﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﺩﺤ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﺠﺭﺘﻤﻝﺍ لﻴﺩﺒ ﺡﺭﻁ ﻭﺤﻨ ﻉﺯﻨﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺩﺭﺘﻤ ،ﺎﻬﺘﻴﻝﺎﺜﻤ ﻡﻏﺭ لﻅﺘ ،ﻡﺌﻼﻤ
ﺔﻀﻤﺎﻏ ﻭ .
ﻭ ﻨﻴﻠﻋ ﺎﻨﺎﻴﺤﺃ لﻤﺎﻌﺘﻨ ﻥﺃ ﺏﺠﻴ ﻑﻴﻜ ﺭﻭﺼﺘﻨ ﻥﺃ ﺎ ﺔﻴﻓﺭـﺼﻝﺍﻭ ﺔـﻴﻭﺤﻨﻝﺍ ﻎﻴـﺼﻝﺍﻭ ﺏـﻴﻜﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻰﻨﺒﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻊﻤ
ﻭ ﻭ لﺎﺜﻤﻷﺍ ﻥﻴﻨﻤﺁ ﻥﻭﻜﻨﻝ ،ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻗﻼﺨﺃ ﺭﻭﻅﻨﻤ ﻥﻤ ،ﻅﺎﻔﻝﻷﺍ ﻭ ﺭﻴﺒﺎﻌﺘﻝﺍ
ﻪﺘﻻﻻﺩﻭ ﺭﺨﻵﺍ لﺎﻜﺸﺃ لﻭﺒﻘﻝ ﻥﻴﺩﻌﺘﺴﻤ ﻭ .
لﻴﺜﻤﺘﻝﺍ لﻴﺒﺴ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﻭﻴﺴﻨﺭﻔﻝﺍ لﻤﻌﺘﺴﻴ :
- Je ne suis pas dans mon assiette.
- Qui se ressemble s’assemble.
- Il est tombé dans les pommes.
- Pas le rien du monde.
- Le temps est d’argent.
ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ لﺎﻜﺸﺄﺒ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻡﺠﺭﺘﻨ ﻥﺤﻨﻭ :
ﻰﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺔﻝﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻭﻘﻨ :
ﺞﻋﺯﻨﻤ ﺎﻨﺃ )
ﻴﻀ ﺭﺩﺼﻝﺍ ﻕ (،
ﺔـﻴﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓﻭ :
ﻊﻘﺘ ﺎﻬﻝﺎﻜﺸﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻭﻴﻁﻝﺍ
، ﻲﻓ لﻤﻌﺘﺴﻨ ﻭ ،ﺔﻘﺒﻁ ﻥﺸ ﻕﻓﺍﻭ ﻭﺃ ﺔﺜﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ
: ﻠﻋ ﻲﻤﻏﺃ ﻭ ،ﻪﻴ ﺔﻌﺒﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ :
ﻤﺃ ،ﺎﻗﻼﻁﺇ ،ﺍﺩﺒﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺎ
لﻭﻘﻨﻓ ﺓﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍ :
ﻙﻌﻁﻗ ﻪﻌﻁﻘﺘ ﻡﻝ ﻥﺇ ،ﻑﻴﺴﻝﺎﻜ ﺕﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ،ﺏﻫﺫ ﻥﻤ ﺕﻗﻭﻝﺍ .
ﻯﻭﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﻤﻴﻗ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻴﻝﺩﺘﻠﻝ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ .
ﻭ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤ لﻘﻨﻴ ﺭﻴﺴﺠﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻑﺩﻬﻨ ﻱﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ،ﺎﻨﻨﺃ ﻊﻤ ،ﺎﻴﻓﺭﺤ ﺏﻴﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ لﻘﻨﻨ ﻡﻝ ﺎﻨﻨﺃ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻅﺤﻼﻴﺴ
،ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺒﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻝﺎﻜﺸﺃ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﺒ ﺔﻴﺭﻴ
.
،ﺓﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﺕﻻﺎﺤ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻨﻴﻁﻭﺘﺒ ﻡﻭﻘﻨ ﺎﻨﻨﺃ ﻥﻴﺤ ﻲﻓ ﻭ
ﺕﻻﺎﺤ ﻲﻓ ﺏﻫﺫﻨ ﺩﻗ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ
ﻰﻝﺇ
،ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﺜﻭﺭﻭﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺀﺎﻜﹼﺘﻻﺎﺒ ﺎﻬﻠﻴﺼﺄﺘ ﺏﺎﺒﺴﻷﻭ
ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺭﻭ ﻑﻘﺘ .
ﻉﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﻪﻠﺤﻤ لﺤﻴﻝ لﺼﻷﺍ ﻲﺤﻤﻨﻴ ﺍﺫﻜﻫ ﻭ .
ﺎﻤﻜ
ﺎﻨﻝﻭﻗ ﻲﻓ : ﺔﻘﺒﻁ ﻥﺸ ﻕﻓﺍﻭ .
ﺎﺨ ﺔﻴﻌﺠﺭﻤ ﺎﻨﻫ ﺎﻫ ﺭﺭﻤﻨ ﺎﻨﻨﺇ ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜ ﺭﺩﺼﻴ ﻡﺠﺭﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻱﺃ ،ﺔﺼ
ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ لﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺜﺃ ﺔﻴﻠﺤﻤ
ﻑﺩﻬﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﺩﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺩﻭﺼﻘﻤ ﺭﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﺩﻗﻭ ،ﻲﻨﻤﻀ لﻜﺸﺒ ﻭﻝﻭ ،
.
،ﺓﺭﻭﺎﺠﺘﻤ ﻭﺃ ،ﺔﺘﺒﺎﺜ لﻅﺘ ﺔﻴﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﻨﻷﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻊﻤ ﻭ ،ﺭﺨﻵﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺱﻴﻝ ﻭ ،ﻪﺘﺍﺫ ﻊﻤ لﻤﺎﻌﺘﻴﺴ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻰﻨﻌﻤ لﻅﺘﺴ ﺎﻬﻠﻘﻨ ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻤ ﻥﺈﻓ ﺩﻗ ﻥﻭﻜﻨ ﺎﻨﻨﺈﻓ ،ﺎﻨﺘﻴﻌﺠﺭﻤ ﻕﻓﻭ ﻡﺠﺭﺘﻨ ﺫﺇ ﻭ ،ﺕﺎﻴﻌﺠﺭﻤ ﻥﻤ ﻭﻠﺨﺘ ﻻ ﺔﻴﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻎﻴﺼﻝﺍ ﻥﻷ ،ﺔﻤﺌﺎﻗ
ﺔﻴﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻗﺎﻴﺴ ﻭ ﺎﻬﻘﻁﻨﻤ ﺎﻬﻝ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻴﻐﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻌﺠﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻨﺯﻔﻗ .
ﻤﻝ ،ﺎﻨﻨﻜﻤﻴ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ لﻭﺩ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻠﻤﻌﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ لﺎﺜﻤﻷﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺡﺍﺭﺘﻗﺍ ﺢﻴﻀﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻴﺯ
:
" -
،ﺍﺭﻜﺎﺒ ﺽﻬﻨﻴ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘﻤﻴ
"
، ﻲﺴﻨﺭﻓ لﺜﻤ .
" - ﺎﻫﺭﻐﺜ ﻲﻓ ﺏﻫﺫﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺡﺎﺒﺼﻝﺍ ﺔﻋﺎﺴ ﺭﻓﻭﺘﺘ "
، ﻲﻨﺎﻤﻝﺃ لﺜﻤ .
" - ﻯﻭﻗﺃ لﻜﺸﺒ ﺡﺎﺒﺼﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻔﺼﻋ ﺩﺭﻐﻴ "
، ﻲﺴﻭﺭ لﺜﻤ .
" - ﷲﺍ ﻪﻨﻴﻌﻴ ،ﺍﺭﻜﺎﺒ ﺽﻬﻨﻴ ﻥﻤ "
، ﻲﻨﺎﺒﺴﺇ لﺜﻤ .
" - ﺎﻫﺎﻀﻗ ،ﻪﺘﺠﺎﺤﻝ ﺭﹼﻜﺒ ﻥﻤ "
ﻲﺒﺭﻋ لﺜﻤ .
ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﺩﺎﻜﺘ ﺔﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺩﻜﺅﻤﻝﺍ
،ﺓﺩﺤﺍﻭ ﻕﻭﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﻲﻔﻨﻴ ﻻ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻥﻜﻝ ﺔـﺌﻴﺒ لﻜﻝ ﻥﺃ ﺫﺇ ،ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺔﺠﺘﺎﻨﻝﺍ
ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﺠﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻴﺼﻭﺼﺨ ﺭﻴﻜﻔﺘﻝﺍ ﻁﻤﻨ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻜﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻴﺤﺘ
. لﺎـﺜﻤﻷﺍﻭ ﻡـﻜﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﻴﺒﺎـﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺽـﻌﺒ ﺞﺘﻨﺘ ﺎﻤ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﻭ
ﺎﻨﻌﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻥﺎﻜﻤﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻥﺎﻤﺯﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘﺒ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﻕﻠﻌﺘ ﺀﺍﻭﺴ ،ﺔﻐﻠﻝ ﻲﺠﺭﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﻁﻴﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﺴﻴﺴﺄﺘ لﺍﻭﻗﻷﺍﻭ ﻻ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻯﺭﺨﻷﺍ ﺭﺼ
ﺎﻫﺩﻴﻴﺤﺘ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ .
ﻥﻴﻴﺘﻵﺍ ﻥﻴﻝﺎﺜﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﻜ :
ça me réchauffe le cœur :ﺭﺎﺴ ﺄﺒﻨ ﻉﺎﻤﺴ ﺩﻨﻋ ﺔﻴﺴﻨﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﺎﻘ ﻴ
ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﺎﻘﻴﻭ :
ﻱﺭﺩﺼ ﺞﻠﺜﺃ .
ﻥﻴﺒ ﺩﺎﻀﺘ ﻙﺎﻨﻫ ﺍ
ﻲﺴﻨﺭﻔﻝﺍ لﻌﻔﻝ :
réchauffe ﻭ
ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ لﻌﻔﻝﺍ ،ﺞﻠﺜﺃ
ﺏﻠﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺎﺤﻀﺍﻭ ﺎﻓﻼﺘﺨﺍ ﻙﺎﻨﻫ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ )
ﺔﻴﺴﻨﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ (
ﺭﺩﺼﻝﺍﻭ ) ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ (
ﻭ ، ﺩﺠﺘ ﻻ ﺩﻗ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﻐﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﻝ ﻼﺤ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝﺍ
ﻬﻝ ﺎ لﻭﻘﻠﻝ ﺔﺠﺘﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺌﻴﺒﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ :
ﺏﻠﻁﺘﺘ ﺓﺩﻭﺭﺒﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻭﺭﺒﻝﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﺘﺘ ﺓﺭﺍﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺓﺭﺍﺭﺤﻝﺍ
.
،ﺩﺭﺒﻝﺎﺒ ﺓﺯﻴﻤﺘﻤ ﺔﺌﻴﺒ ﻕﺎﻴﺴ ﻲﻓ ﺀﺎﺠ ﻲﺒﺭﻐﻝﺍ لﺜﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺢﻀﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﻭ
ﺀﺍﺭﺤﺼﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺞﺘﻨﺃ ﺩﻗ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ لﺜﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻴﺤ ﻲﻓ .
ﻨﻜﻝ ﻑﺭﺼﺘﻝﺍﻭ لﺼﻷﺍ ﺏﻠﻗ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻡﺠﺭﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻌﺴﻴ ﻑﻴﻜ ﻅﺤﻼﻨ ﺎﻨ
ﻙﺎﻨﻫ ﻥﺃ ﻱﺃ ،ﻪﻴﻓ ﺯﻭﺎﺠﺘ
ﺍ ﻴﺭﻭﺭﻀ ﺎ ﻭﺤﻤ ﻭ ﺏﻴﺭﻐﻠﻝ ﺍ
ﻪﻝ ﻱﺩﺎﻔﺘ ﺏﺎﺒ ﻥﻤ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﺩﻗﻭ ،
"
ﻲﺌﺍﺩـﺘﺒﻻﺍ لﻘﻨﻝﺍ "
) (.6 ﻥـﻜﻝ
ﻊﻗﻭﻤﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﺎﻴﺨﻝﺎﺒ ﺎﻨﻭﻫﺭﻤ لﻅﻴ ،ﻪﺘﺍﺫ ﺩﺤ ﻲﻓ ،ﻭﺤﻤﻝﺍ .
ﻥﺃ ﻱﺃ ﻊﺠﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻁﻐﻀ ﺕﺤﺘ لﻐﺘﺸﺘ ﺩﻗ ﺔﺜﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ .
ﺩﺎﻬﺸﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺎﻨﻨﻜﻤﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺔﻴﺴﻨﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻴﺼﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﺒ
: Oh ma puce .
ﻥﻴﺭﺎﻴﺨ ﻡﺎﻤﺃ ،لﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﻡﺠﺭﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﻴﺴ :
ﺔﻴﻓﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺀﻭﺠﻠﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﺇ :
،ﻲﺘﺜﻭﻏﺭﺒ ﺎﻴ ﺄﺠﻠﻴ ﺩﻗﻭ ،ﻅﻭﻔﻠﻤﻠﻝ ﺔﺠﺘﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜﻠﻝﻭ لﺼﻸﻝ ﺎﻤﺍﺭﺘﺤﺍ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ
ﺔـﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ
ﺍ ﺔﻴﻀﺍﺭﺘﻓﻻ :
ﺔﻘﻠﻗ ﺎﻴ . ﻊﻤ ﺎﻤﺠﺴﻨﻤ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺢﺒﺼﻴﻝ ﻲﻠﻴﻭﺤﺘ لﻌﻔﺒ ﻡﻭﻘﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﻏﻼﺒﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺎﻌﻝﺍ
ﻑﺩﻬﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝ :
ﻲﺘﻝﺍﺯﻏ ﺎﻴ .
ﺔـﻴﻏﻼﺒﻹﺍ لﺎﻜﺸﻷﺍ ﻡﺴﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﺠﺘﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒﻝ ﻲﻨﻤﻀﻝﺍ ﻲﻔﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﺜ ﻥﻤ ﻭ ،لﺼﻷﺍ ﻲﻔﻨ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻨﻫ ﺎﻫ ﺭﻴﺸﺃ ﺔﻴﺭﻴﻐﻝﺍ . ﻲﻓ ﺒﻴﺭﻏ ﻭﺩﺒﺘﺴ ﺔﻴﻓﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻴﺤ ﺔﻐﻴـﺼﻝﺍ ﻥﺇ ﺙـﻴﺤ ﻥـﻤ لﻭﺼﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻝ ﻲﻓ ﻰﻨﻌﻤ ﺕﺍﺫ ﺕﺴﻴﻝ ﻭ ﺔ
ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺎﻴﺼﻭﺼﺨﻭ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻌﺘﺴﺍﻭ ﻡﺠﺴﻨﺘ ﻻ ﻱﺩﻋﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﺭﺍﻭﻝﺍ .
ﻲـﻓ ،ﺔـﺜﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺔـﻐﻠﻝﺍ لﻤﺎﻌﺘ ﺎﻨﻫ ﻥﻤﻭ
ﻑﺍﺩﻬﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺃﺩﺒﻤ ﻊﻤ ،ﺕﻻﺎﺤ .)
(7
ﻭ لﻤﺎﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻨﻋ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﺔﻝﺄﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﻘﻌﺘﺘ ﺩﻗ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﺎﻬﻝ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﺒﺎﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻭﺃ ﺱﺩﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ
ﻲﻨﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠﻝﺎﺒ .
ﺭﻭﺘﻜﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﺸﻴ
ﺩﻴﻘﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺎﻏ ﺎﻬﻨﻜﻝ ،ﺔﻁﻴﺴﺒ ﻭﺩﺒﺘ ﺩﻗ ﺔﻠﻀﻌﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻲﻨﺎﻨﻋﻭﺒ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ )
.(8
لﻘﻨﻝ ﻰﻠﺜﻤ ﺔﻐﻴﺼ ﺩﺠﻨ ﻻ ﺎﻨﹼﻨﺇ :
ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝ ﻭﺃ ،ﷲﺍ ﻭ :
ﻥﻭﺘﻴﺯﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻥﻴﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ .
ﺎﻨﻝﻭﻗ ﻥﺇ par dieu ﻭﺃ ،
by god ﻭﺃ ،
by Allah ،
،ﻪﻠﻜـﺸ ﻲـﻓ ﺱﻴﻝ ﻭ ،ﻪﺘﻝﻻﺩ ﻲﻓ ﺏﻴﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﻡﺩﺨﺘ ﺓﺍﺩﺃ ،ﺩﺠﻭ ﻥﺇ ،لﻴﻭﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻡﺜ ﻥﻤ ﻭ ،لﺼﻷﺍ ﻱﻭﺎﺴﺘ ﻻ
ﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﻡﻏﺭ .
ﻭ ﻉﻭـﻨ ﻥـﻤ ،ﺩـﻴﻜﺄﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ لﺍﺩ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘ ﻱﺃ ،ﺙﺤﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﻯﺭﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﻡﺴﻘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻲﻨﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺭﻗﺃ :
definitely- I
assure you-positively ،
"
ﻥﺈﻓ ﻡﺜ ﻥﻤ ﻭ by Allah
ﻰـﻨﻌﻤﻝﺍ لﻘﻨﺘ ﻻ ﺔﻝﻼﺠﻝﺍ ﻡﺴﺍ ﺭﻜﺫﺒ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ لﻤﺤﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ
ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﺠﻭﺘ ﺎﻤ ﺭﺩﻘﺒ
") .(7
ﺔﻨﺎﻤﻷﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻼﻴﺩﺒ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﺩﻗﻭ ﺓﺭﺎﺒﻌﻝﺍ ﻕﺭﺍﻭﻔﺒ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ
) (9 ﺔـﻐﻠﺒ لﻤﺎﻌﺘﺘـﺴ ﺎـﻬﻨﺈﻓ ﻡﺜ ﻥﻤﻭ ،
ﻋ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﻨ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﻭﺎﺴﻤ ﺕﺴﻴﻝﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺴﻭﻤﺎﻗ ﺕﺴﻴﻝ ﻡﺠﻌﻤﻝﺍﻭ لﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﺎﺠﺴﻨﻻﺍ ﺃﺩﺒﻤ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘ لﺠﺃ ﻥﻤ لﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻴﻠ
.
ﻭ ﺏﻨﺎﺠ ﺔﻅﺤﻼﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ لﻤﺸﺘ ﻪﻌﻤ لﻤﺎﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺫﻌﺘﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﻤﺠﻌﻤﻝﺍ لﻘﺤﻝﺍ
ﻭ ﺔﻗﺩﺒ ﺔﺜﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩﻘﻤﺒ ﺱﻴﻝ ﻭ ،ﺔﻨﺎﻤﺃ
ﺎﻤﺜﺘﺴﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺀﻭﺠﻠﻝﺍ ﻻ ﻭ ،ﺕﺍﺩﺭﻔﻤ ﺭﺎﻜﺘﺒﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﺎﺴﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﻻﺩﻝﺍ لﻘﻨﻝ ﺔﻴﻗﺎﻴﺴ ﺕﺍﺭ
،ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻻ ، ﻕﺒﻁﻨﺘ ﻥﺃ ،لﻴﺜﻤﺘﻝﺍ لﻴﺒﺴ ﻰﻠﻋ
ﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻠﻜ ﺔﻴﺴﻨﺭﻔﻝﺍ le lion
ﺙﻴﻠﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺩﺴﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻔﻨﻀﻐﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺭﺒﺯﻬﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﺎﻤﻬﻝﺍﻭ
. ﻥـﺴﻝﺍ ﻰـﻠﻋ لﻤﺘﺸﺘ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻅﺎﻔﻝﻷﺍ ﻥﻷ
ﺔﻔﺼﻝﺍﻭ ﻉﻭﻨﻝﺍﻭ .
ﻱﻭﺎﺴﺘ ﻻ ،ﺔﻁﻴﺴﺒ ﻭﺩﺒﺘ ﺎﻬﹼﻨﺃ ﻡﻏﺭ ،ﷲﺍ ﺔﻅﻔﻝ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺙﻴﺤ ﻥﻤ ،dieu
ﺇ ﺔـﻠﺒﺎﻗ ﺔﻴـﺴﻨﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﺔـﻤﻠﻜﻝﺍ ﻥ
ﻭ ﺙﻴﻨﺄﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺭﻴﻜﺫﺘﻠﻝ ﺔﺼﻭﺼﺨﻤ ﺔﻨﺎﻴﺩ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻴﺤﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﻼﺠﻝﺍ ﻅﻔﻝ ﺱﻜﻋ ،ﺔﻴﻨﺜﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻊﻤﺠﻝﺍ
.
ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ لﻅﺘﺴ ،ﺫﻝ ﻭ ﺔﻴﺘﺍﺫﻝﺎﺒ ﺕﻤﺘﺤﺍ ﺎﻤﻬﻤ ،ﺔﺜﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ
ﺔـﻴﺎﻬﻨ ﻲـﻓ ،ﺎـﻨﹼﻨﻷ ،ﺕﺎـﻤﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺯﺠﺎﻋ ،ﺕﻼﻴﻭﺤﺘﻝﺍ
ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﻡﻝﺍﻭﻋ ﻊﻤ لﻤﺎﻌﺘﻨ ،ﻑﺎﻁﻤﻝﺍ .
ﺔﺒﺭﺎﻘﻤ ﺭﻴﺴﺠﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻘﺒﻴ ﻭ ﺔﻨﻜﻤﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﺭﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ
ﺭـﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺽﻐﺒ ، ﺫﺇ ﺎـﻤﻋ
ﺕـﻨﺎﻜ ﺍ
ﺔﻠﺸﺎﻓ ﻡﺃ ﺔﺤﺠﺎﻨ .
ﺃ ﺭﺨﻵﺍ لﻭﺒﻘﺒ ﻭ ،ﺭﻴﺴﺠﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﺎﻬﻤﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﻰﻘﺒﻴ ﺍﺫﻜﻫ ﻭ ،ﺍﺩﺒﺃ ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻤﻝﺍ لﺤﺘ ﻥﻝ ﺔﺜﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻥﻜﻝ ﺎﻴﺒـﺴﻨ ﺍﺭﻤ
ﻍﺍﺭﻓ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺱﺴﺅﺘ ﻻ ﺕﻻﺍﺩﺒﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﻥﻷ ،ﺕﻻﺀﺎﺴﻤﻝ ﻼﺒﺎﻗ .
ﺕﻻﺎﺤﺇ :
. 1
،ﺩﻌﺒﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻘﻤ ﻭﺃ ﻑﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝﺍ ،ﻥﺎﻤﺭﺒ ﻥﺍﻭﻁﻨﺃ ﺩ ﻡﻴﺩﻘﺘ ﻭ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘ
. ،ﺔـﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺓﺩـﺤﻭﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﺯﻜﺭﻤ ،ﻲﺒﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﺯﻋ
،ﺕﻭﺭﻴﺒ ﺹ ،2010
. .66 ﻕﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﻑﻭﻜﻭﺒﺎﻨ لﻭﻘﻴ ﻭ :
ﺭﻋﺎـﺸﻝ ﺭـﺸﻜﻤ ﻭ ﺔﺒﺤﺎـﺸ ﺱﺃﺭـﺒ ﺔﻬﻴﺒﺸ ﺎﻬﹼﻨﺇ ؟ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻤ
ﺕﺍﻭﻤﻷﺍ ﺔﻤﺭﺤﻝ ﻙﺎﻬﺘﻨﺍ ﺎﻬﹼﻨﺇ ،ﺩﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﺠﻌﺠ ﻭ ﺀﺎﻐﺒﺒﻝﺍ ﺥﺍﺭﺼﺒ ﻭ ،ﻕﺒﻁ ﻕﻭﻓ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤ ."
. 2
ﺃ.
ﺩ.
ﻫﻭﺠ ،ﻱﺭﻤﺨ ﻥﻴﺴﺤ ﺩ ،ﻥﺍﺭﻫﻭ ،ﻊﻴﺯﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺭﺸﻨﻠﻝ ﺏﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ ،ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﺭ
. ﺹ ،ﺕ : .113
. 3
ﺔﻝﺄﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺹﻭﺼﺨﺒ ﺭﻅﻨﻴ :
Wuillenart (Francoise), La traduction littéraire : sa spécificité, son actualité, son avenir en Europe , in Europe et traduction, ed M.Ballard, A.p.u Artois 1998,p 386.
. 4
ﻥﺎﻤﺭﺒ ﻥﺍﻭﻁﻨﺃ .
. 5
ﺹ،ﻱﺭﻤﺨ ﻥﻴﺴﺤ ﻊﺠﺍﺭﻴ .105
. 6
ﺭﻅﻨﺍ : ﺩ . ﺍ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﻱﻭﺍﺩﻴﺩﻝ : ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺯﻜﺭﻤﻝﺍ ،ﻡﺠﺭﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩﻭ ﺡﻼﻁﺼﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻜﺸﻹ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺔﻴﻠﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩ ،لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝﺍ
،ﺀﺎﻀﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩﻝﺍ ،ﻰﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺔﻌﺒﻁﻝﺍ،ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺹ ،2000
. 87
. 7
ﺩ . ﺭﺍﺩـﻝﺍ ،ﻲـﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓﺎـﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺯـﻜﺭﻤﻝﺍ ،ﻰﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺔﻌﺒﻁﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ لﻘﻨﻝ ﻲﺒﻴﺭﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤ ،ﻲﻨﺎﻨﻋﻭﺒ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ
ﻀﻴﺒﻝﺍ
،ﺀﺎ ﺹ ،2007 . 41
. 8
،ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻘﻝﺍ ،ﺭﺸﻨﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺸﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻓ ،ﻲﻨﺎﻨﻋﻭﺒ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﺭﻭﺘﻜﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﻅﻨﻴ ﺹ ،1994
.22
. 9
ﻨ ﺔﺤﻔﺼﻝﺍ ،ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﻊﺠﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺴﻔ
.
. 10
ﺔﻨﻴﻤﻷﺍ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﻕﻠﻌﺘ ﺎﻤﻭ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻅﻨﺍ :
ﻥﺎﻨﻭﻤ ﺝﺭﻭﺠ :
،ﻕﻭﺭﺯ ﻥـﺒ ﻥﻴﺴﺤ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘ ،ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﺎﺴﻠﻝﺍ
،ﺔﻴﻌﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﻭﺒﻁﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺍﻭﻴﺩ
،ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ .2000 ﺹ . 127
