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La gestion d’un risque territorialisé en milieu urbain : exemple du dispositif ESPADA pour la gestion des crues rapides à Nîmes

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HAL Id: halshs-02444486

https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-02444486

Submitted on 22 Jan 2020

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La gestion d’un risque territorialisé en milieu urbain :

exemple du dispositif ESPADA pour la gestion des crues

rapides à Nîmes

Anthony Tchékémian, Jeanne Boussageon

To cite this version:

Anthony Tchékémian, Jeanne Boussageon. La gestion d’un risque territorialisé en milieu urbain :

exemple du dispositif ESPADA pour la gestion des crues rapides à Nîmes. Márgenes, Espacio Arte

Sociedad, Universidad de Valparaiso - Facultad de arquitectura, 2014. �halshs-02444486�

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