Article
Reference
Quelques remarques au sujet des recherches dans le domaine du Quaternaire régional
JAYET, Adrien
JAYET, Adrien. Quelques remarques au sujet des recherches dans le domaine du Quaternaire régional. Archives des Sciences, 1965, vol. 18, no. 2, p. 321-326
DOI : 10.5169/SEALS-739196
Available at:
http://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:151242
Disclaimer: layout of this document may differ from the published version.
1 / 1
$8 68-(7 '(6 5(&+(5&+(6
'$16 /( '20$,1( '8 48$7(51$,5( 5e*,21$/
3$5
$GULHQ
-$<(7
/DQQLYHUVDLUHTXHFpOqEUH FHWWHDQQpHOD6RFLpWpKHOYpWLTXHGHV 6FLHQFHVQDWXUHOOHV HVW ORFFDVLRQ
WRXW
LQGLTXpH GH IDLUH OHSRLQW
GH QRV FRQQDLVVDQFHV 7RXWHIRLVLO
QHVDXUDLW rWUH TXHVWLRQ GH SUpVHQWHU XQ KLVWRULTXH FRPSOHW GHV GpFRXYHUWHV HW GHV LQWHUSUpWDWLRQV VXFFHVVLYHV QL QRQ SOXV GH VH ERUQHU DX VHXOF{Wp
SRVLWLI
GH FHVGpFRXYHUWHV
,O
QRXV SDUDvW XWLOH GH VRXOLJQHU DXVVL OHV ODFXQHV TXH SUpVHQWHQW QRV FRQQDLV VDQFHV GDQV OHVSRLU OpJLWLPH GH OHVYRLU
VH FRPEOHU SHX jSHX DX FRXUV GHV SURFKDLQHV GpFHQQLHV/HV WHUUDLQV TXDWHUQDLUHV GH ODUpJLRQ JHQHYRLVH VRQW
SRXU
ODWUqV JUDQGH PDMRULWpGHV PRUDLQHV JDFLGUH\ RX GHV IRUPDWLRQV TXL HQ GpULYHQW GLUHFWHPHQW ,OV
QRQW
SX rWUH LQWHUSUpWpV TXj OD VXLWH GHV GpFRXYHUWHV GH OD SUHPLqUH PRLWLp GX ;,; VLqFOH/XQ
GHV SUHPLHUV GpFRXYUHXUV ,9HQHW]
SUpVHQWHHQ j OD 6RFLpWp KHOYpWLTXHGHV 6FLHQFHV QDWXUHOOHV GHV YXHV QRXYHOOHV VXUOHUUDWLTXH
GHV $OSHV HW GX -XUD$
FHWWH pSRTXH TXDVL KpURwTXH RQ QDGPHWWDLW SDV TXH OHV JODFLHUV DOSLQV DLHQW SX VpWHQGUH DXWUHIRLV ELHQ DXGHOj GH OHXUOLPLWH
DFWXHOOH FHVWSRXUTXRL
OH SUREOqPH GHV :RFVHUUDQ9MU0HV pWDLW SDVVLRQQpPHQW GLVFXWp /HV WUDYDX[ GH ,
9pQHW]
VHURQW FRPSOpWpV XQ SHX SOXVWDUG
SDU FHX[ GH - GH&KDUSHQWLHU
HW GH / $JDVVL]3RXU OD OpJLRQ JHQHYRLVH RQ
GRLW
j /1HFNHU
XQH SUHPLqUH SUpFLVLRQ&HW DXWHXU GLVWLQJXH GDQV OH FpOqEUH JLVHPHQW GX %RLV GH OD %kWLH j
ODYDO
GH *HQqYH GHX[ WHUUDLQV GLIIpUHQWV /H VXSpULHXU IRUPpGDUJLH j EORFDX[ HVW GRULJPH JXFLDUD/LQIpULHXU
SOXV DQFLHQ HVW GpSRXUYX GDUJLOH OD PDVVH SULQFLSDOH HQ HVW IRUPpH GH FDLOORXWLVHPSkWpV GH VDEOH )UDSSp SDU ODUHVVHPEODQFHGH FHWHUUDLQ DYHFOHV DOOXYLRQV DFWXHOOHV /1HFNHU OXL
GRQQH OHQRPGDZY]R© DQGFZLH/DOOXYLRQ
DQFLHQQH UHSRVH VXU GHV ©J]HV j ]JPWH TXL DSSDUWLHQQHQW DXVVL DX[ WHUUDLQV TXDWHUQDLUHV,O
QHVW SDV VDQV LQWpUrW GH FRQVWDWHU TXH OD GLVWLQFWLRQ IDLWH SDU /1HFNHU GXQ
WHUUDLQ JODFLDLUH VXSHUSRVp j XQWHUUDLQ
DOOXYLRQQDLUH D pWp j OD IRLV jORULJLQH GXQ
SURJUqV FHUWDLQ PDLV DXVVL jORULJLQH
GXQH WUqV JUDYHFRQIXVLRQ &HWWH GHUQLqUH DSUqV SOXV GH FHQW DQV QHVW SDV HQFRUH FRPSOqWHPHQW pOLPLQpH48(/48(6 5(0$548(6 $8 68-(7 '(6 5(&+(5&+(6
$YHF OHV WUDYDX[ FODVVLTXHV
G$ )DYUH
QRXVYR\RQV VH GpYHORSSHU GXQH PDQLqUH FRQVLGpUDEOH OHV FRQQDLVVDQFHV UHODWLYHV DX 4XDWHUQDLUH /D FRXSH JpQpUDOH WHOOH TXHOOH HVWFRQQXHj FHWWH pSRTXH FRPSUHQG j OD EDVH OHV DUJLOHV j OLJQLWH TXH $)DYUH
DVVLPLOH DYHF UDLVRQ DX[ FZ7MRXV p©HUpV GH OD 6XLVVH FHQWUDOH HW RULHQWDOH SXLV DXGHVVXV RQ REVHUYHODOOXYLRQ
DQFLHQQH UHFRXYHUWH j VRQWRXU
SDU ODUJLOH JODFLDLUH (QILQ RQ WURXYH DXGHVVXV PDLV ORFDOHPHQW XQH QRXYHOOH VpULH FDLOORXWHXVH FHOOH GHV D©YRZ UHFH8HU/LPDJH TXH
ORQ
SHXW VH IDLUH GHORULJLQH
GH FHV WHUUDLQV HVW OD VXLYDQWHGLPSRU
WDQWV FRXUV GHDX GpSRVHQW VXU OHV DUJLOHV j OLJQLWH OD PDVVH GHODOOXYLRQ
DQFLHQQH SXLV XQ JODFLHU FHOXL GX 5K{QH VpWDOH VXU FHWWH DOOXYLRQ HQILQ j OD VXLWH GX UHWUDLW JODFLDLUH GH QRXYHDX[ FRXUV GHDX DEDQGRQQHQW OHV DZYR©V PUHQHV&HSHQGDQW FHUWDLQV GpWDLOV FDGUDLHQW PDO DYHF FHWWH LQWHUSUpWDWLRQ VLPSOH
ODOOXYLRQ
DQFLHQQH FRQWLHQWFRPPH OH WHUUDLQ JODFLDLUHGHVJRHV UpV SHXDERQGDQWVLO
HVW YUDL PDLV GqV OD EDVH (Q FHUWDLQV HQGURLWV FRPPH j 0DWHJQLQ LO \ D DX PLOLHX GHODOOXYLRQ
DQFLHQQH XQ EDQF ORQJ GH P HQYLURQ GDUJLOH MDXQH j JDOHWV VWULpV (QILQ DX %RLV GH OD %kWLH (UQHVW)DYUH
GpFRXYUH j OD SDUWLH VXSpULHXUH GHODOOXYLRQ
XQ DXWUH EDQF GH WHUUDLQ JODFLDLUH 7RXV FHV FDUDFWqUHV HW GDXWUHV PLV HQ pYLGHQFH SOXV WDUG VRSSRVHQW j OLGpH TXH OD PDVVH FDLOORXWHXVH GHODOOXYLRQ
DQFLHQQH HVWSXUHPHQW DOOXYLRQQDLUH
2Q
GRLW
HQFRUH j $)DYUH
XQH SUHPLqUH FDUWHJpRORJLTXH GpWDLOOpH DX HOOH HVW UHPDUTXDEOH HW DFFRPSDJQH OD GHVFULSWLRQ JpRORJLTXH GX &DQWRQ GH *HQqYH 1RXV DYRQV PRQWUp TXXQH FRQIXVLRQ pWDLW QpH GHOLQWHUSUpWDWLRQ
SUREDEOHPHQW HUURQpH GHODOOXYLRQ
DQFLHQQH 8QH DXWUH FRQIXVLRQ GpFRXODQW GHV PrPHV FDXVHVGHUUHXU VH UDSSRUWH DX[ DOOXYLRQV UpFHQWHV 6XU OH SODWHDX GHV 7UDQFKpHV j *HQqYH FHV DOOXYLRQV SUpVHQWHQW XQH VWUXFWXUH LQFOLQpH HOOHV VRQW UHFRXYHUWHV GXQ QLYHDX FDLOORXWHX[ KRUL]RQWDO
,O
pWDLW IDFLOH HW WHQWDQW GH OHVDWWULEXHU
j XQ -HWX HW j XQ©YHX© DF06UH DQFLHQ HW pOHYp $
)DYUH
DGPHW DORUV ©HX[ ©YHDX[ DFXVUHV DQFHQV FHOXL GH P HW FHOXL GH P /D QRWLRQ GH FHV QLYHDX[ ODFXVWUHV HVW GDXWDQW SOXV IDFLOHPHQW DGPLVH TXH GHV IRUPDWLRQV VHPEODEOHV VH UHWURXYHQW HQ GLIIpUHQWV SRLQWV GXOLWWRUDO
OpPDQLTXH PDOKHXUHXVHPHQW RQ QHWLHQW
SDV FRPSWH GHV PrPHV GpS{WV TXL DX[ DOWLWXGHV GH P VXIILUDLHQW j HX[ VHXOV j UXLQHU OK\SRWKqVH GH FHV QLYHDX[ ODFXVWUHV DQFLHQV/H GpEXW GX
;;H
VLqFOHYRLW ODSSDULWLRQ
GX WUDLWpGH$ 3HQFNHW (%UFNQHU
'H SH© P ©]"DHU &HV GHX[ VDYDQWV DQDO\VHQW GXQH IDoRQ GpWDLOOpH OHV GpS{WV JODFLDLUHV GHV $OSHV HW GHV UpJLRQV TXH OHV JODFLHUV DOSLQV RQW SX DWWHLQGUH HW UHFRXYULU DX FRXUV GX 4XDWHUQDLUH $ 3HQFN DWWULEXHOHV UHVWHV JODFLDLUHV j TXDWUH JUDQGHV JODFLDWLRQV
TXLO
QRPPH HQ SDUWDQW GH OD SOXV DQFLHQQH *©]0©FIH "ª I)!©v
'DQV OD UpJLRQ GH *HQqYH RQ QH UHFRQQDvW j FH PRPHQW
TXXQ
WHUUDLQ JODFLDLUH FHOXL GX 3)Z9Z OHV UHVWHV UDSSRUWpV DX5P
HQ UDLVRQ GH OHXU DOWLWXGH pOHYpH SDU H[HPSOH FHX[ GX 0RQWGH6LRQ VH UpYpOHURQW SDU OD VXLWH rWUH GHV PRUDLQHV GX UHWUDLWZUPLHQ /H PpULWH GH OD GpFRXYHUWH GXQ DXI]HQWJXH UHYLHQW j (
-RXNRZVN\
TXL OH UHSqUH GDQV OHV H[FDYDWLRQV IDLWHV VXU OD ULYH GURLWH GX 5K{QH SRXU OD IRQGDWLRQ
GHV SLOHV GX 3RQW%XWLQ /H
6D
REVHUYp SDU -RXNRZVN\ VH WURXYH DXGHVVRXV GHV DUJLOHV j OLJQLWH GpMj FRQQXHV 2Q D GqV ORUV UHZ[ JUDQFIRV ""!:Hw JDFDUDV H HW H :ÍLWK VpSDUpHV SDU ODS$DVH UIHV DUJHV j ©H QHWWHPHQW ©WHUJFRUH 4XDQW DX[ JODFLDWLRQV DQWpULHXUHV FHOOHV GX *Z©] HW GX 0]:H RQ QHQ UHOqYH SDV GH WUDFHV GDQV OH EDVVLQ GH *HQqYH SDV SOXV TXH GDQV OD UpJLRQ OpPDQLTXH/HV QRPEUHXVHV HW FRQVFLHQFLHXVHV REVHUYDWLRQV GH (
-RXNRZVN\
VHURQW UpVXPpHV GDQV XQ WUDYDLO GHQVHPEOH *pRRJH HW VRXHUUDQDV UZ 3U\Y H *HQqYH &HWLWUH
VXIILW j LQGLTXHU XQH WHQGDQFH QRXYHOOH FHOOH GH OD UHFKHUFKHV GH QDSSHV SjUHDQHV HW GHV DSSDRQV SUDUSYHV TXH SHXW LPSOLTXHU OD JpRORJLH GX 4XDWHUQDLUH(Q FH TXL FRQFHUQH OD 3DOpRQWRORJLH GX 4XDWHUQDLUH JHQHYRLV OHV UHVWHV UHWURXYpV
VH UpSDUWLVVHQW SULQFLSDOHPHQW HQ WURLV FDWpJRULHV TXL VRQW /HV 0DPPLIqUHV OHV 0ROOXVTXHV OHV 9pJpWDX[
4XHOTXHV RVVHPHQWV HW GHQWV GH 0DPPLIqUHV RQW pWp WURXYpV GDQV
ODOOXYLRQ
DQFLHQQH LOV VH UDSSRUWHQW DX 0DPPRXWK (HS$DA SUPJHQQM %OXP DX 5HQQH"QJWU FQDQGZ\ / HW j XQ JUDQG %RYLGp RVSUZJHQQ\ *PHO RX =IFRQ SUVUDV
%RM 2Q
DWWULEXDLW
DXWUHIRLV OHV GpIHQVHVWURXYpHV GDQVODOOXYLRQ
DQFLHQQH jO(OpSKDQW DQWLTXH )DOF PDLV OHV PRODLUHV WURXYpHV SDU OD VXLWH VH PRQWUHQW ELHQ FHOOHV GX 0DPPRXWK/HV VWDWLRQV SUpKLVWRULTXHV GH 9H\ULHU GkJH PDJGDOpQLHQ H[SORUpHV GqV RQW OLYUp GHV UHVWHV DVVH] DERQGDQWV GH OD IDXQH IURLGH GH OD ILQ GX 3OpLVWRFqQH FI
$G -D\HW
'DXWUHV VWDWLRQV SOXV UpFHQWHV 1pROLWKLTXH %URQ]H )HU VRQW pJDOHPHQW ULFKHV HQ UHVWHV GH 0DPPLIqUHV /DWHQGDQFH DFWXHOOHHVWGXQLU
pWURLWHPHQWOHV GRQQpHV GH OD *pRORJLH HW GH OD 3UpKLVWRLUH
/HV 0ROOXVTXHV RQW
IDLW
OREMHW GHV pWXGHV WUqV SRXVVpHV GH -)DYUH
GRQW ORXYUDJH HVW FRQVLGpUp jMXVWHWLWUH
FRPPH IRQGDPHQWDO /HV JLVHPHQWV H[SORUpV SDU -)DYUH
VRQW FHX[ GH OD ILQ GX 3OpLVWRFqQH HW GH O+RORFqQH 3OXVWDUG OHV VRQGDJHV VXLYLV SDU ( -RXNRZVN\ IRXUQLVVHQW DXVVL GHV 0ROOXVTXHV FHX[ GHO,QWHUJODFLDLUH
VRQW SDUWLFXOLqUHPHQW LQWpUHVVDQWV LOV VRQW DXVVL GpWHUPLQpV SDU -
)DYUH
VDQV WRXWH IRLV TXXQ QRXYHDX WUDYDLO GHQVHPEOH OHXU VRLW FRQVDFUp/HV 9pJpWDX[ RQW ODLVVp GH QRPEUHXVHV WUDFHV GDQV OHV DUJLOHV j
OLJQLWH
LO HVW UHJUHWWDEOH TXH OH IDPHX[ JLVHPHQW GH &DUWLJQ\ DFWXHOOHPHQW GLVSDUXQDLW
SDV pWp H[SORUp V\VWpPDWLTXHPHQW /HV UHVWHV PLFURVFRSLTXHV VRQW OHV JUDLQV GH SROOHQ OHXU DQDO\VHTXL
UHOqYH GH OD 3DO\QRORJLH D pWp IDLWH SRXU QRWUH UpJLRQ SDU:/GL
j GLIIpUHQWHV UHSULVHV 1RXV FLWRQV SOXV
ORLQ
OH WUDYDLO GH(Q XWLOLVDQW OHV GRQQpHV GH OD 0DODFRORJLH HW GH OD 3DO\QRORJLH QRXV SRXYRQV DGPHWWUH TXH OQWHUJDFDUH FRPSUHQG WURLV SKDVHV VRLW XQH SKDVH IURLGH VXFFpGDQW DX
ÆLLv
XQH SKDVH WHPSpUpH R GRPLQH OD &KrQDLH PL[WH HQILQ XQH SKDVHIURLGH
SUpFpGDQW HW DQQQQoDQW OH ,3ZWP$UFKLYHV GHV 6FLHQFHV 9RO IDVF
48(/48(6 5(0$548(6 $8 68-(7 '(6 5(&+(5&+(6
(Q OD &RPPLVVLRQ JpRORJLTXH GpFLGH GH IDLUH SURFpGHU j GHV OHYHUV JpROR JLTXHV GpWDLOOpV DX GX &DQWRQ GH *HQqYH OHV UpJLRQV OLPLWURSKHV IUDQoDLVHV VHURQW DXVVL FRPSULVHV GDQV FHV OHYHUV 8QH SUHPLqUH IHXLOOH FHOOH GH &KDQF\ SDUDvW
WRXW
GDERUG ( 3DUpMDV PDLV GHV GLIILFXOWpV GRUGUHV GLYHUV UHWDUGHQW ODSDUXWLRQ GHV GHX[ DXWUHV IHXLOOHV &HOOH GH &RSSHW HVW SXEOLpH HQ $ -D\HW FHOOH GH *HQqYH OH VHUD HQ $ /RPEDUG
/HV YLQJWFLQT GHUQLqUHV DQQpHV RQW pWp PDUTXpHV SDU OpWXGH GpWDLOOpH GHV QDSSHV JUDYHOHXVHV VLWXpHV DXGHVVRXV HW DXGHVVXV GH OD PRUDLQH DUJLOHXVH PRUDQH GH
RQG
DXFW /HXU LQWHUSUpWDWLRQ D pWp UHQGXH SRVVLEOH JUkFH j OpWXGH GH OD JHQqVH GHV PRUDLQHV JODFLDLUHV DFWXHOOHV (OOH FRQGXLW j GH QRXYHOOHV YXHV VXU OD JHQqVH GX 4XDWHUQDLUH JHQHYRLV $ -D\HW 2Q SHXW HQ UpVXPHU OHV FDUDFWpULVWLTXHV SULQFLSDOHV SDU UDSSRUW DX[ GRFWULQHV SUpFpGHQWHV GH OD IDoRQ VXLYDQWH,PSRUWDQFH SOXV JUDQGH GHV PRUDQHV JDFDU V 3OXVLHXUV QLYHDX[ JUDYHOHX[
SULPLWLYHPHQW FRQVLGpUpV FRPPH DOOXYLRQQDLUHV RX IOXYLRJODFLDLUHV AZYRQ DM©HZ"H ],ZYRV UpFHQWHV -HWRV HWF VRQW HQ UpDOLWp GHV PRUDLQHV FDLOORXWHXVHV GDQV OHVTXHOOHV OD VpJUpJDWLRQ LQWUDJODFLDLUH D pWp LQWHQVH
0RUDLQHDUJLOHXVH jJDOHWV VWULpV
QLPSOLTXDQW
SDVIRUFpPHQW XQH PZUQLH GHRQG7RSRJUDSKLH JpQpUDOH UpVXOWDQW GH OD PLVH HQ SODFH GHV ZRUQ9LHV GX ZYR JZFZUH HW GX JDFIOFZVWUH DX FRXUV GX UHWUDLW
6WUDWLJUDSKLH GRPLQpH SDU GHV VXSHUSRVLWLRQV VH IDLVDQW GH KDXW HQ EDV HW QRQ OLQYHUVH FRPPH LO HVW FRPPXQpPHQW DGPLV /D UDLVRQ HQ HVW j OD IRQWH GH OD JODFH PRUWH TXL VRSqUH GH KDXW HQ EDV
1LYHDX ODFXVWUH HW IOXYLDWLOH OH SOXV pOHYp GpWHUPLQp SDU OD WHUUDVVH GH
©W 5{OH WUqV IDLEOH GH OpURVLRQ DSUqV OH UHWUDLW JODFLDLUH$ ORFFDVLRQ GH VRQ FHQWHQDLUH OD 6RFLpWp GH *pRJUDSKLH GH *HQqYH SXEOLH XQ YROXPH VSpFLDO /H *OREH
,O
FRQWLHQW OHVFRQWULEXWLRQV
LPSRUWDQWHV GH GHX[GH QRV FROOqJXHV FHOXL GH -
6FKURHGHU LQWLWXOp
*pRRJHGZ 3D\VGH *HQqYH HW FHOXL GH (/DQWHUQR
GLYLVp HQ GHX[ SDUWLHV 3U\VRJUDWZH GZ 3FM?V GH *HQqYH HW 3YY© GZQH 3:WRJUDMWWH JpRRJJZH UqJRQZH &HV WURLV WUDYDX[ FRPSOqWHQW GH IDoRQ KHXUHXVH QRV FRQQDLVVDQFHV GH OD JpRORJLH UpJLRQDOH GDQV ODTXHOOH OH 4XDWHUQDLUH MRXH XQ U{OHVL
LPSRUWDQW
/HV IDLWV HW OHV LQWHUSUpWDWLRQV TXH QRXV YHQRQV GH UDSSRUWHU IRUPHQW OD SDUWLH SRVLWLYH GX ELODQ TXH QRXV HVVD\RQV GHWUDFHU
LO
UHVWH j H[DPLQHU TXHOTXHV ODFXQHV GH QRV FRQQDLVVDQFHV SDUPL OHV SOXV IODJUDQWHV7RXWHV OHV FRXSHV QDWXUHOOHV GH PrPH TXH OHV VRQGDJHV HW OHV H[FDYDWLRQV OHV SOXV SURIRQGHV PRQWUHQW WRXMRXUV XQH VHXOH HW PrPH FRXSH GHV WHUUDLQV TXDWHUQDLUHV GRQW OD EDVH TXDQG HOOH H[LVWH HVW IRUPpH SDU OD PRUDLQH GX Æ° 2Q SHXW DORUV VH
GHPDQGHU VL OD VpULH UpJLRQDOH HVW FRPSOqWH RX VL GHV WHUUDLQV TXDWHUQDLUHV DQWpULHXUV DX
$vv RQW
pWp WRWDOHPHQW HQOHYpV SDU OHV HURVRQV SUpUVVH©QHV 8QH SUHPLqUH UHPDUTXH VLPSRVH OH VXEVWUDWXP PRODVVLTXH HVW IRUPp SDU O2=JRFqZH j *HQqYH SOXV
j
ODYDO
DX GHOj GH %HOOHJDUGH SDU OH $=RFqQH SOXV ORLQ HQFRUH GDQV OHV 'RPEHV HW OH /\RQQDLV SDU OH 3RHq©H $XFXQH H[SOLFDWLRQ VDWLVIDLVDQWH QD pWp GRQQpHMXVTXLFL
GH FHWWH DQRPDOLH &HVW VHXOHPHQW HQ GHX[ SRLQWV %HOOHJDUGH HW 3RQWOD 9LOOHDX ERUG GH OD 6DULQH TXH QRXV DYRQV SX UHOHYHU OH[LVWHQFH GXQH PLQFH FRXFKH GH PRDVVH UHPDQLpH HQWUH OH 5LVV HW OD 0RODVVH HQ SODFH /D GHX[LqPH UHPDUTXH WRXFKH j OH[LVWHQFH PrPH GHV GHX[ JODFLDWLRQV GH 0LQGHO HW GX
*LLQ]
DEVHQWHVGX %DVVLQ JHQH YRLV /HXU H[LVWHQFH HQ GDXWUHV UpJLRQV GH 6XLVVHHWGDLOOHXUV HVWHOOH ELHQ GpPRQWUpH"1RXV QH SRXYRQV LFL TXH FLWHU
ORSLQLRQ
GX SDOpRQWRORJLVWH EkORLV +6WHKOLQ
IRQGpH VXU XQH DPSOH PRLVVRQ GREVHUYDWLRQV ULJRXUHXVHV RSLQLRQ TXH QRXV UpVX PRQV FLGHVVRXVQRQH[LVWHQFH GX
*LLQ]
WUqV IDLEOH LPSRUWDQFH GX
0LQGHO
GRPLQDQFH GH OD IDXQH IURLGH DX :UP
/HV UHFKHUFKHV SDOpRQWRORJLTXHV PRQWUHQW TXH OQUHUJDF|LUH
WRIILLUP
DSSDUWLHQWDX3PWRFqQHPRMH OH 3YY
GRLW
GRQFrWUH DWWULEXpDX 3PRFqQH PpULHZU 'qVORUVRQ SHXWVHGHPDQGHUVL QRV FRXSHVQHFRQWLHQQHQWSDV ODWRWDOLWpGX4XDWHUQDLUH (Q FH TXL FRQFHUQH OHIILUP
LO UHVWH j SUpFLVHU OD FDXVH GH OLQYDVLRQ PDVVLYH GHODUJLH PRUDLQAZH GDQV OD PRUDLQH DUJLOHXVH j EORFDX[ 1RXV DYRQV DGPLV TXHOOH
GRLW
rWUH FRQVLGpUpH FRPPH XQ PDWpULDX HUUDWLTXH DX PrPHWLWUH
TXH OHV JDOHWV TXHOOH FRQWLHQW HW QRQ FRPPH XQH VRUWH GH QLYHDX JpQpUDO VSpFLILTXH GH OpSRTXH JODFLDLUH 8Q UHSpUDJHDWWHQWLI
GHV PRUDLQHV DUJLOHXVHVGRLW
SHUPHWWUH GH UHPRQWHU DX[ UpJLRQV TXL RQWIRXUQL
ODUJLOH'DQV OH GRPDLQH GH
OZDLJXH
OHV UHFKHUFKHV GRUGUH SpWURJUDSKLTXH GRLYHQW rWUH SRXUVXLYLHV QRXV VDYRQV GpMj TXH OH JODFLHUGHO$UYH
UHPDQLH DXUHWUDLW
ZUPLHQGHV PDH9IO0; SHZvK0HV GRQF ULRF:PY 2Q SHXW HQ FRQFOXUH TXDX PD[LPXP OH JODFLHU GX 5K{QH RFFXSDLW WRXW OHPSODFHPHQW GX EDVVLQ JHQHYRLV FHWWH FRQFOXVLRQ GHPDQGH j rWUH YpULILpH HW SUpFLVpH 3DU DLOOHXUV OHV HPSODFHPHQWV UHVSHFWLIV GX JODFLHU GX 5K{QH HW GX JODFLHU GH
O$UYH
GHPDQGHQW j rWUH H[DFWHPHQW UHOHYpV1RXV DYRQV VLJQDOp SOXV KDXW OLPSRUWDQFH GHV SRQLAZH PDLV Oj HQFRUH QRXV QH SRXYRQV TXH PDQLIHVWHU QRWUH pWRQQHPHQWHQ SUpVHQFH GH FHUWDLQV IDLWV &HVW SDU H[HPSOH OD SUpVHQFH GH SROOHQ GH wD YpJpWDO WKHUPRSKLOH DX QLYHDX GHV RVVH PHQWV GH 0DPPRXWK DQLPDO IUDQFKHPHQW DUFWLTXH &HVWHQFRUH OD SUpVHQFH GH SROOHQ
GH &UWJWLV GDQV OQWHUJDFDUH I)WLUP TXL SHUPHWWUDLW GH PHWWUH HQ GRXWH FHW kJH FHSHQGDQW ELHQ pWDEOL )
%RXUGLHU
'DQV OHV PpWKRGHV PRGHUQHV OHV UHFLHUFLHV JUDLPRPpOULL0 HW ZL9LFUDRJjXHV GRLYHQW rWUH pWHQGXHV 3HXWrWUH H[SOLTXHURQWHOOHV OD JHQqVH GH FHUWDLQV IDFLqV PRUDLQLTXHV HQFRUH PDO FRQQXV
3RXU FRQFOXUH QRXV SRXYRQV GLUH TXDX FRXUV GHV YLQJW GHUQLqUHV DQQpHV OD FRQQDLVVDQFH GX 4XDWHUQDLUH D IDLW GH JUDQGV SURJUqV ,OV VRQW GXV HQ SDUWLH j 7H[WHQ
48(/48(6 5(0$548(6 $8 68-(7 '(6 5(&+(5&+(6
VLRQ GX FDGUH GHV REVHUYDWLRQV HQ SDUWLH YHOOHV &HV SURJUqV QH GRLYHQW FHSHQGDQW EOrPHV UHVWHQW HQ VXVSHQV &H VHUD SRXU SOXV SUpFLHX[
PRWLI
GHQFRXUDJHPHQWj OHPSORL GH PpWKRGHV GH[SORUDWLRQ QRX SDV QRXV IDLUH RXEOLHU TXH SOXVLHXUV SUR OHV FKHUFKHXUV GHV GLIIpUHQWHV GLVFLSOLQHV OH
QVLX FH *qRR H H &QYHUVQq wW *HQqYH
/D OLVWH ELEOLRJUDSKLTXH FLGHVVRXV LQGLTXpH QH PHQWLRQQH TXH TXHOTXHVXQV GHV WUDYDX[ UHODWLIV DX 4XDWHUQDLUH UpJLRQDO /H OHFWHXU WURXYHUD OHV FRPSOpPHQWV GDQV OHV WUDYDX[ VXLYDQWV ( 3DUpMDV (
/DQWHUQR
)%RXUGLHU
$
-D\HW
%RXUGLHU ) /HDVVQ © 3L{QH D QDHUQDUH &HQWUH QDWLRQDO GH OD 5HFKHUFKH VHLHQ WLILTXH 3DULV
'XERLV $ HW + 6WHKOLQ /D JURWWH GH &RWHQFKHU VWDWLRQ PRXVWpULHQQH $IqP 6RF SD VQVVH %kOH
)DYUH $ 'HVFULSWLRQ JpRORJLTXH GX FDQWRQ GH*HQqYH, HW ,W "ZHQ6RF
IROP
*HQqYH
)DYUH - /HV 0ROOXVTXHV SRVWJODFLDLUHV HW DFWXHOV GX %DVVLQ GH *HQqYH 0FP 6RF 3L\V HI 0 ZR *HQqYH
-D\HW $ /H 3DOpROLWKLTXH GH OD UpJLRQ GH *HQqYH /H *R!H *HQqYH
8QH FRQFHSWLRQ QRXYHOOH GH OD JHQqVH PRUSKRORJLTXH GX 3ODWHDX JHQHYRLV /H *RH *HQqYH
9RFH H[SWHRWYH UIH RHLQH &RSSH- UH R &DUH SHRRSQQH UH D 6QVVH RQ .PPHUO\ HW )UH\ %HUQH
-RXNRZVN\ ( *qRRSH H HDZY VRªHURQHV Q 3D\V H *HQqYH .QGLJ *HQqYH /DQWHUQR ( 3K\VLRJUDSKLH GX 3D\V GH *HQqYH HW (VVDL GH ELEOLRJUDSKLH JpRORJLTXH UpJLR
QDOH /H *R!H *HQqYH
/GL : 3RHQVRVVFLH &QHUVXFLQQ QHU D]DHU SH2GQFUHU $HUAH RQ UIHU "L{QH QQHUQR{ *HQ %HULFKW JHRERW )RUVFKXQJVLQVWLWXW 5EHO LQ =ULFK
1HFNHU / (©HV JHRRJQHV UDQV HL GSHV /DQJORLV HW /HFOHUFT 3DULV
3DUpMDV ( 79RWFH HMUSFDYH FH RHRH H DVAqRRAJZH FH D 6ZVVH DQ )UDQFNH %HUQH
6FKURHGHU - *pRORJLH GX 3D\V GH *HQqYH /H *R!H *HQqYH
6WHKOLQ + 9RLU 'XERLV $
9HQHW] , 6XUOHV EORFV GH URFKHV DOSLQHV GHV $OSHV HW GX -XUD FHV 6RF WHYqQQH 6H QR