Tal

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Tigduda Tazzayrit Tamagdayt Ta erfant lif n Ulmud Unnig d Unadi Usnan Tasdawit n Wakli Mu end Ul Tubiret

Tazzeddayt n Tsekliwin d Tutlayin Agezdu N Tutlayt d Yidles n Tmazi t

Akatay n Lmaster Ta ult : tasekla

Asentel

S ur tinelmadin: S lmendad n uselmad: -Massa: Helali Salima Mass: Boudia Abderrezak

-Massa: Bousbaine Malika

Imeskayeden :

Anemhal n usqamu : Massa Nabila Idrisi. Anemhal n ukatay: Mass Boudia Abderrezak. Ameskayad :Mass Nabil Chebib.

Azmez n tsalelt: 20/06/2016

Tal iwin n userwes d usemres-nsent deg wungal

«Tett illi-d ur d-tke em»

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Asnemmer

Deg tazwara ad nesnemmer Mass Boudia Abderrezak i

yellan yid-nne seg tazwara almi d tagara n umahil-nne .

Ad as-nini tanmirt tameqrant ef uwe i d uwella akked

wafud i a - yefka .

Ad as-nini tanmirt i Mass Chouimet Ali.

Ad as-nini tanmirt i kra n win yuran ef tmazi t.

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Abuddu

Amahil-agi ad t-budde i baba d yemma zizen fell-i a as, d nitni i d taftilt yesnuren abrid-iw di tudert-agi.

I watmaten-iw: Djamel, Samir, Kamel, Fouad d tlawin-nsen i ybedden yidi di mkul taswi t.

I yessetma: Faiza, Hanane d yergazen-nsent.

I yimec n wexxam emla a as a as: Moussa, Adem, Houssem, Gaya, D tefruxt-iw Maroua.

I jeddi d jida, ad i ewwel Rebbi di la mar-nsen. I Madjid I d-yellan yidi seg tzwara.

Ad t-budde i temdukal-iw: Hayat, Nawal, Ahlam, Na ima, Ilham, Hinda.

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Abuddu

Amahil-agi ad t-budde i ymawlan-iw zizen i yi etben felli almi wwe er leb i-w.

Iwatmaten-iw zizen : Hamid ,Yasin d Susu I yessetma : Hasina d Nabila

I weltma iga d wergaz-is d warraw-is I wecrik n ddunit-iw d twacult-is .

I temdukal-iw : Dehia (bouhou) , Zineb , Meriam, Salwa, Silya, Amel, ayat, Naima.

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awas

I. TAZWERT TAMATUT………..….………….09-11 II. ASISEN N UMARU D UMAHIL-IS………...13-16 III. RIC AMENZU: Awal ef wungal ………...18-26

IV. RIC WIS SIN: Ti ri……….28-39 V. RIC WIS KRA : Ta le t………..………..41-71

VI. TAGGRAYT……….……….73-74

VII. TI BULA………...………...76-77 VIII. AMAWAL……….……….……...79-81

IX. AMMUD……….…...83-91 X. AGBUR………...93-94

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Tazwert Tamatut

9

Tasekla tamazi t d annar wessi en, yettnerni seg tsuta er taye , tettawi-d

ef tmetti, le wayed, imdanen d wassa en i d-yettilin gar-asen. S umata s tsekla i nezmer ad nefk udem i tmetti.

Tasekla tamazi t am nettat am tsekliwin n ddunit merra, d tamesba urt s

wayen tes a n tewsatin d le naf, imi tudert n tsekla d tiwsatin-is. Anect-a ye

a-tt ad tili d agerruj meqqren, akken i d-yenna ALLIOUI Youcef yenna-d deg udlis-is: Timsal, Enigmes bérbére de Kabylie (1990: 25): « Tasekla tamazi t

ma i dayen yezmer yiwen ad yaru s tirni. D agerruj i -d- an imezwura, ilaq

ad ye re yal wa deg-ne ad ye ef deg-s ci . Ci -agi ama d tamacahut ama

d asefru ne d tamse reqt ».

Tasekla-a tamensayt tewwi-d amecwar d alqayan deg timawit, d nettat i a

-d-yessiwden ayen i d- an yimezwura. Imi imdanen rran lwelha-nsen er cfawat,

ttidiren yes-s, wa yetta a-tt i waye . Tasekla-a teb a ef sin ye ricen: tamedyazt d tesrit. Tamedyazt tebna ef wa as n le naf, anida ara naf seg-sent: tamedyazt n

tyemmat, tamedyazt n lfu , tamedyazt tadeyanit … ma yella d tasrit, yella

deg-s: tamacahut, taqsi , tumgist d yinzan d lem un. S tewsatin-agi agdud amazi yesbedd tudert-is. Yes-sent i yettrebbi, yesselmad, yessawa tikta-is, i yessedhay. Ad naf IMARAZEN Moussa yenna-d deg udlis-is Tim ayin n Leqbayel: (2006-2007, 06): « Tasekla-agi akken ma tella tettru u seg yimi er

tmezzu t, d ay-agi i tt-ye an tezger idurar d yisafen, ussan d yiseggasen, akken

ad tawe si l il er waye ». A as n yinagmayen i yerran lwelha-nsen er-s (tasekla), uran fell-as ama s tutlayt tafransist ne s tutlayt ta rabt deg yal tallit, gar-asen Apulli, St Augustin, Trenci, Ibn Khaldoun… Syen bdan ttlalen-d yinagmayen-ni en, jem en-d akk ayen yellan d timucuha, d isefra ne d inzan… Maca, a as n tewsatin n tsekla-a i yebdan tta ent abrid n tatut imi deg timawit i drent, ad naf da en anagmay IMARAZENE Moussa yenna-d deg udlis Tim ayin n Leqbayel: (2007, 06): « Ma yella seg zik i tettidir tsekla-agi s timawit, ass a mass-a ur ilaq ara ad nettkel ef ubrid-agi, ilaq ad naru, ad tt-nesdukel i wakken ur tettezzer di tesraft n tatut ».

Acu kan, tasekla n tmazi t ur te bis ara deg usnerni-ines imi tettinig seg

ugdud er waye , seg tmetti er taye , seg tsuta er taye i wakken ad tt-sawe ad ten er iberdan-is er tirawit.

Gar imezwura yuran ef tsekla taqbaylit, skelsen-tt-id seg timawit rran-tt-id er tirawit am Bulifa, Ben Sdira d Racid ellic.

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Imyura imazi en kemlen abrid-a n tira ef tsekla tamazi t, gar-asen: Taous Amrouch, Mouloud Mammeri … jem en-d ammud n yisefra d wayen-ni en, md: M.Mammeri i d-ijem en isefra n Si Mu end U M end.

Yel a zman, tu al tsekla tamazi t tettwaru, tettwa rez deg yedlisen. Tasekla-a tTasekla-amTasekla-aynut teglTasekla-a-d s tlTasekla-alit n tewsTasekla-atin-ni en timTasekla-aynutin: Tasekla-amezgun, tullist, ungTasekla-al, am akken i d-banen da en a as n yimyura d yinagmayen iqedcen ef wanect-a, da en kkaten amek ara tent-snernin (tiwsatin-agi timaynutin).

Alad a tawsit n wungal, tufrar-d s wa as di yal tama deg uma al. D tawsit n

tsekla i ye fen amkan s wazal-is di tmetti taqbaylit, daya i-t-ye an yufrar-d,

imi yekka-t ad d-yessebgen tilufa i yettidir umdan. Yal ungal yes a is, iswi-agi tikwal yettban-d d usrid tikwal-ni en d arusrid. Da en ur nezmir ara ad nini

ef udlis d ungal alma yes a limarat n wungal.

ef waya nefren ad nexdem tazrawt-nne ef mar MEZDAD d yiwen seg

ungalen-is ineggura Tett illi-d ur d-tke em , xas akken tugett n tezrawin i yellan ef ungalen-is, maca ur llin-t ara a as n tezrawin yettwaxedmen ef tesnukyest.

Ungal n mer Mezdad Tett illi-d ur d-tke em d yiwen seg ungalen i yerzan

timetti taqbaylit, nefren aya acku nwala-t d win yessuget deg-s tunnu in lad a tunnu t n userwes. Yessexdem-itt akk s tal iwin, akken i tt-yessexdem da en s wudmawen-ni en.

Deg tezrawt-nne ad na re ad nerr ef yisteqsiyen-agi:

Amek id-yella usemres n userwes deg ungal Tett illi-d ur d-tke em n mer

Mezdad ?

Dacu-ten wannawen n userwes yettwasqedcen deg ungal-a ? Acu-tt twuri n wallalen userwes deg ufares n tira n A.Mezdad ?

Aseqdec n userwes deg ungal Tett illi-d ur d-tke em n mer MEZDAD, yezmer ad yili yegla-d s wa as n twuriwin ;

Ahat d ase biber i yeb a ad yesse biber fell-asent, yugad ad ru en-t deg ubrid n tatut;

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Tazwert Tamatut

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Ahat d asmernu n unamek i d-yerna i we ris aseklan d lebni-is.

Amahil-nne ad t-neb u ef kra n ye ricen:

Deg u ric amenzu ad nawi awal wezzilen ef tsekla tatrart, ad

nemmeslay ef ungal agra lan (talalit-is, tibadutin-is akked tulmisin-is), ad d-nawi awal ef ungal aqbayli (talalit-is, anerni-is akked tilmisin-is).

Deg u ric wis sin d a ric n te ri, anida ad nemmeslay ef t unba, ad

d-nawi awal ef tunnu in d wannawen-is. Ad d-nemeslay da en ef userwes d iferdisen-is.

Deg u ric wis k d a ric n tesle t n wammud, ad nexdem tasle t i

tenfaliyin n userwes ara nekkes seg ungal n mer Mezdad Tett illi-d ur d-tke em , anida ad ne re ad d-nefk awennit-nne fell-as.

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Asisen n umaru

d umahil-is

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Asisen n umaru d umahil-is

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Ilul mer Mezdad deg tmurt n leqbayel, deg yiseggasen n (40), d ane mas, d amejjay, d amaru. Yekcem a erbaz amenzu deg LARB A AT IRATEN. Yiwwi-d l’BAK Yiwwi-deg tesnawit n miruc Yiwwi-drg Tizi-Wezzu, yekcem er tmazYiwwi-dayt n Ben

eknun. Yes a sin n yigerdasen (tasekla, tujjeya).

Deg tesdawit i as-tettunefka tegnit, yemlal-d d wa as n yirgazen n tsekla,

anida ara t-naf yenna-d deg la dépêche de kabylie 1: « s ise d ameqqran imi

mlale irgazen imeqqranen. Mi lli d agrud ri deg u erbaz anida i yella FER UN d anemhal, syen er-s edre timsirin n M EMRI, i seg sfaydi a as deg wayen yerzan leqdic adelsan, ssne KATEB Yasin. Cfi kan belli seg tem i-iw i emle tutlayin, lad a taqbaylit».

mer Mezdad d yiwen gar yemyura imeqranen n tmurt n leqbayel. Yella gar imezwura i yuran ungalen s tutlayt n teqbaylit, deffir n Racid ELLIC d Sa id SA DI, gar wid i yeldin tawwurt di tsekla.

Amaru-a yettaru s tmeslayt yettwafehmen, iseqdac-itt s wudem atrar, idlisen-is deg-sen tamusni tameqrant i yettarran lwelha er teqbaylit. Ad naf awalen sehlen i tegzi. Am waken ad naf tutlayt yebnan ef wawalen iwe ren i wefham, d imeslayen iqburen ne d imaynuten i d-yettawi. Aseqdec n wawalen-agi yekka-d seg leb i n umaru s timmad-is, iswi-s d asiwe n yizen s teqbaylit.

Idlisen-is d wid yugten s tmusni, ttarran lwelha er teqbaylit d tlufa i

s-d-yezzin d wayen yettidir umdan.

mar MEZDAD seg wid i wumi d- tegnit, yurar deg tceqquft n umezgun

i yura KATEB Yasin s tutlayt n teqbaylit « MU END RFED TABALIZT ». mar Mezdad ar ass-a, yura (5) n wungalen, ammud n tullisin d yisefra.

• Tafunast igujilen (isefra), 1978; • I d wass (ungal), 1990;

• Tagrest ur u (ungal), 2000; • Tu alin (tullisin), 2003; • Ass-nni (ungal), 2006;

• Tett illi-d ur d-ke em (ungal), 2014;

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• Yiwen wass deg tefsut (ungal), 2014.

Awal ef wungal «Tett illi-d ur d-tke em»:

«Tett illi-d, ur d-tke em» d ungal yura mar MEZDAD aseggas n (2014)

tuzrigt Ayamun, d adlis yes an (210) n yisebtar, deg tferret tamezwarut yura-d azwel n wungal, akken da en tella yiwet n tugna deg-s sin n wudmawen. Tiferret tis krad yura-d ammud-ines n wayen yura n yidlisen ama d ungalen ama d tullizin, yal yiwen melmi i d-yeffe , si l iha taye n tferret-a yefka-d tamawt ef tira-s. Ma di tagara n udlis deg useftar (208) yella-d ugbur. Asebtar (209) yella umawal n wawalen ur nettwafhem ara, deg tferret taneggarut yakk yura-d yiwet n tukkist i d-yekkes s daxxel n wungal.

Ungal-agi yeb a-t ef (33) n yi ricen yal a ric yiwi-d ef temsalt, acu kan mcuddent gar-asent, yal yiwet tettkemmil taye .

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Asisen n umaru d umahil-is

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Agzul n wungal

Ungal-agi yettawi-d ef (3) n yimdukal, myussanen seg-mi ten-ttu qqaren deg tesdawit. Utudert, Mezyan, S id acen tallit n tefsut taberkant, yal yiwen

dacu is-de a. D wid i emlen tamurt d tmazi t.

Utudert ye ra-as-d i Me yan deg tilifun, yenna-as ilaq ad d-asen er tmurt azekka maca ur d-yenni ara acu er. Ahat ulac rizu. Me yan iru ixebber amdakul-is S id.

fen abrid-nsen seg tmanna t er tmurt n Leqbayel, nitni deg ubrid fahmen d tam art n yemma-s n Utudert i yemmuten. Deg ubrid-nsen iwwind ef a as n tesal: ama ef rrebrab, tayri, timetti taqbaylit, tamaz a. Ihi ru en s tkarrust n

Me yan qqaren-as Be i, ttme ssisen i Radyu i tedwilt n Ccix Berrabe ,

Ccix-agi yettma ssis i yemdanen i yes an i eblan, yettaf-asen-d tifrat.

Utudert 44 n yiseggasen di le mer-is d aw id n yemma-s d baba-s, baba-s

yiwwe er la fu Rrebbi, yemma-s d Nna Megduda, tsemma-as Utudert acku

as is-ye a wakal d a tsemma-as mmi-s n Tudert. Tem i-ines yiwet-itt d ambur netta d Me yan. Yexdem deg tmana t maca ci kan ad d-yas ad iwali imawlan-is, d win emlen medden, seg tem i i emmel ad yennejma d yim aren, iteddem akk ayen ttmeslayen. Yezwe d yiwet n teqcict n tmana t maca terra-as lu a d asawen, seg mi zew en ur msefhamen ara, tagara-nsen an-d aqcic nnu en fell-as, teb a ad as-tsemmi Abinus d isem n Turk, maca Utudert isemma-as ef yisem n baba-s Mu end Arezqi. Imen an-agi le qen er

uxxam n cra , taq -nsen tfuk s berru ma na Utudert yexser mmi-s d uxxam-is.

Utudert yes a amdakul-is Dr Legziri d netta is-yemlan le naf n tlawin.

Tamezwarut d tuzyint yegnen deg te gi tagi tla u d zzin-is ur txeddem ur tgeddem, tis snat d tagellidt n tzizwa d tin ixedmen lec al s wa as ur t ebbes ara.

Tis k Brunhuld mm ra d tin i emlen imen an ma yella ulac-iten ad

t-id-jbed. Yenna-as Utudert ihi d tagi i d tamexluqt-iw.

Utudert d win yettarun yessaram ad yessufe tadlist ef tudert-is, yura a ris

ef yiwet n tme ut i ye an argaz-is d warraw-is terwel d wargaz nni en,

yezmer ad t-id-isufe d asaru.

Me yan d S id bdan tt illin er taddart n Yi il n Uzal i d-yusan gar udrar n Tem er ert d udrar n Ukbadu.Me yan d S id ttwalin idurar, tizgi, ulac tizegzewt wissen ma yella seg l amu ne d Rrebrab, i d-yenna Mezyan. Netta d bu wawal.

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Netta d S id yan deg ubrid imi ci kan kecmen deg yiwet n taddart war in walan am nettat, ama d ixxamen, ama d ti gi ne d abrid, bsen deg ttna fa n ubrid walan yiwwet n teqcict deg cba a-is tugar agur, nitni dahcen seg zzin am wina, men en fell-as Me yan yewwet S id yessiffeg-it, te ef afus i Me yan tewwi-t er yimi n taddart imi iwala cba a-nni isellem-akk ayen i yellan deffir-is. Ci kan mi tu ayehedder yid-s yesla i zhir n umubil iduqqes, zi d targit, qrib dahmen yiwen n umsebrid deg tagara yeffe -d d l ar n Utudert, yesteqsa-ten anda teddun, nnan-as er tem elt n Nna Megduda, yenna-asen lukan tella ahat sli . Rnan ddan er yimi n taddart, ebsen takerrust deg ttna fa, ad kemlen ef u ar d Bu-Icuba . Din-a ttmektin-d zman aqdim, mi d-ussan er taddart-agi tikelt tamenzut tu -iten qqaren deg Lzzayer, usan-d er tem elt n emt-is n Utudert dinna ufan le wayed id ijebden lwelha-nsen, edren i tejma t, smuzegten i wawal n Dda Mu and d Belqa.

Imi la qen er taddart ur iban ara tella tem elt, slan i bel d l a d a da cen,

ula d tulawin ulac. Bu-Icuba ye a-ten din akken ad d-asen ad ten-awin acku

le wayed n taddart ulac aberrani ad yekcem er taddart wa d-s, ilaq ad t-yessawe yiwen seg taddart-nni. Ssawlen i Utudert iceyye -asen-d Uberriq

isela q-iten er tna fa n ubrid ye aten, kemlen abrid er uxxam, s-kecmen-ten

er tzeqqa, ibed Utudert er umnar n tewwurt, walan udem-is maci d udem n win tejre tassa. Walan axxam-nni maci d axxam n l anaza. Ufan Dda fer at d

umdakul-is Sliman, Ru en qqimen yid-sen, ci kan ca len i Crifa. I eyye -d

Me yan d tim elt ne d tama ra. T ill-d Nna Megduda ef t ekkast teslewliw. Twihmen! yiwri wudem-nsen, ttnadin ef Utudert akken ad t-sxen wen.

Utudert yeb a ad asen-yexdem tiwehmi, attan te a. Zi d tama ra n Utudert

yu yiwet seg taddart-is. Nna Megduda tla u teqeddec i yinebgawen deffir-is Ferru a, iwala-tt Me yan icuba-tt er La Jaconde, tin akken yemlil deg tirga. Tla q-d tmeddit beggsen akken ad ru en, nnan-as i Nna Megduda mazal adu alen.

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ric I :

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Ungal d tawsit n tesrit, deg-s i yessegzay umaru i ulfan-is d tmu liwin-is,

tikwal yettili-d deg-s yizen d usrid tikwal-nni en d arusrid.

Ungal aqbayli icuba ungal agra lan di tulmisin-is, luma na yemgarad deg

li la n tlalit, imyura megaraden deg u anib; daya i d-nessebggen deg u ric-agi, anida ara d-nmeslay ef tlalit n wungal agra lan, tibadutin-is d tulmisin-is ama seg tama n tutlayt ne seg tama n yisental. Seg tama-nni en nemmeslay-d ef tlalit n wungal aqbayli d tulmisin-is ama dayen ye nan tutlayt ne isental. Akken i d-nmeslay s tewzel ef unadi asdawan ef tewsit-agi.

Ungal

Ungal d tawsit tamaynut i d-ikecmen annar n tsekla tamirant. Ungal d

ta kayt i d-yettasen s ubrid n tesrit ssel ayen-tt yiwudam. Ta kayt-agi tettas-d

ezifet s yisental yerzan tudert n umdan, yettawi-tt-id umaru amzun te ra ne tezmer ad te ru .

Ime ri mi ara yebdu ta uri n wungal-nni ad i ulfu iman-is daxel i yella.

Anagal ur yettaru ara kan s wudem n tilawt akken ma tella, maca yettaru-as udem n te ri s tenfaliyin yurzen er tegnatin n u anib, ama s uglam, ama s tulmisin-nni en s ways yettwasen wungal.

1-Ungal agra lan

1-1-Talalit n wungal agra lan

Ungal yella d tamacahut seg yimi er umezu maca tamacahut-a ssi ezfen-tt imyura rran-as iwudam d usugen tu al tettwaru , seg tira er yime ri . Ungal amezwaru id yennulfan ne i yessen uma al d amezwaru deg useggas n (125)

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A ric amenzu

Awal ef wungal

19

uqbel talalit n sidna isa , yura-t Appulé DE MADORE i wumi isemma «L’ane d’or » ne «Les méthamorphoses » . Maca ur yu al ara d ungal agra lan almi d tazwara n lqarn wis (13). Ungal seg tallit er taye yemgarad deg usufe -is akked y-isental--is.

Ungal amenzu iban-d di Spenyul akked elyan , ufraren-d deg-s wa as n le naf , gar-asen : ungal a ulfan deg useggas n (1607), ssenf-agi yes a afrayen n tayri am ungal « fleuve» n Honor d urfe. I efer-it-id ungal n te sa id yef en gar (1651- 1657), ssenf-agi yel a ad yerr udem n tilawit seg te sa d ustehzi.

Deg lqern wis (18) yennerna wungal, yiwi-d ef umdan d lihala-ines d

tudert-ines, tallit-agi d tallit n tafat, deg-s yennerna wungal deg tira d usnulfu n le naf-ni en, am ungal «Epistolaire» deg-s iban-d ungal n Hoderlos de laclos «les laisans dangereuses» (1782).

Deg lqern wis (19): deg tallit-agi mba zaqen-d le naf-ni en n wungal , gar-asen ungal amizray, gar wid i yuran enf-agi ad naf Victor Hugo d Balzak .

Ma yella d tallit n lqern wis (20): tella d tallit anida i d-b ezqen a as n

yimyura di yal tama seg yal tutlayt am «La nausée » n J. Paul Sartre deg usegas n 1938.

Tallit-agi d tin i d-yeldin tiwwura ef Tefriqt n Ugafa anda d-nnulfan

inagalen di tmurt n Lzzayer , bdan ttarun enf-agi n tsekla s tutlayt n ta rabt , tafransist ne tamazi t . Maca ayen yerzan timetti taqbaylit , llan inagalen yuran fell-as ama s tutlayt n tefransist ama s teqbaylit , acu kan xas ulama macci s yiwet n tutlayt maca dduklen deg yiwen n yiswi : d awal ef tmetti taqbaylit .

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1-2-Tibadutin n wungal agra lan

Seg tbadutin i yettunefken i wungal :

Ungal deg umawal n Tkadimit Tafransist (1992: 166): « d ullis ezzifen, yettas-d s tesrit, isekcam iwudam n yife , sel ayen ine ruyen tikwal llan deg tilawt».

Ma yella deg Usegzawal Afransis Le grand Robert i d-yettwabedren deg ukatay n Licence Chelghoum Houssem Tasuqilt n wungal aberrani L’étrangé n Mu end A rab At Qasi (2014 : 22) : « d yiwet n te bula d ta ezfant n usugen. Yetta a ime ri ad yidir di tlemmast ne gar yiwudam-nni i d-yefkan udem n tilawt d tmagit ( amek tella tnefsit-nsen d wayen i errun yid-sen) » , seg usegzi-agi ad nefhem d akken ungal d win yes an assa d yime ri, anagal asmi ara yaru asentel-is ad iraju tamu li ne asez en s- ur wiya ( ime riyen ).

Deg umawal n La rousse i d-neddem seg ukatay n Licence n Chelghoum Houssem : Tasuqilt n wungal aberrani L’étrangé n Mu end A rab At Qasi (2014 : 21) : « ungal d ti bula n usugen. Gar tulmisin-is ad yili wezzil, iswi-s ad d-yefk ine ruyen d t uri d tesle t n yi ulfan n yiwudam, akked umuddu n tidet d tilawt i yine ruyen-nni ». Asegzi-agi imud-d udem n usugen deg ungal akked ubdar n yine ruyen yellan deg-s, acku ungal yezmer ad yeffe seg tilawt er usugen.

Ma yella d Mu end Akli Sal i yenna-d deg udlis-is Asegzawal ame yan n

tsekla (2012 : 73) : « Ungal d tawsit n tsekla ur ye dilen ara netta d tullist. Ungal

d a ris ezzifen ma i am tullist. Tin er-s, uquten deg-s iwudam, yerna

tasiwelt-ines tecbek nnig n tin n tullist ». Ungal yettawi-d ine ruyen ne ti kayin deg lqaleb yudsen, imeskanen i wumi neqqar iwudam zdin-ten wassa en nettaf deg tudert n umdan deg tmetti ideg yettidir. Ine ruyen errun deg wadeg anda yettaf umdan akk tignatin n tudert n yal ass icuden er wakud

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A ric amenzu

Awal ef wungal

21

Seg tbadutun yezrin, nezmer ad d-nini belli ungal d enf n ye risen n tsiwelt, maca ezzif, yettawi-d ef wayen yellan d wayen yezmer ad yili. Ungal d a ris aseklan yessemlalen ine ruyen icudden er tilawt, ungal d a ris yuddsen akken ilaq, iwudam d imeskanen iseddayen ine ruyen deg wakud d wadeg yurzen er uma al ideg yettidir , d a deg unamek-agi ad naf tabadut n wungal deg Encyclopediya universels : « Ungal d annaw yettkemmilen .Ungal d tal a taseklant yulin seg tilawt ,yuddsen s timmad-is ne seg tilawt yettmuqul unagal tseggem ».

Ad naf Chartier (P) yesbadu-d ungal deg udlis-is : Introduction aux theories de roman (1990 : 09) : « Ungal d adlis n usugen n tesrit ezzifen ,anagal iseqdac iwudam i yettu alen er tilawt iwakken ad nesiwe ad nefhem tanefsit-ines ».

Router (Y) yenna-d deg udlis-is Introduction a l’analyse du roman (1991, 09) : « Ungal d tawsit n tesrit d tin yerzan er tira ».

Tibadutin-a i d-negmer seg te bula yemgaraden awden-ta ad nefhem

daken ungal yettawi-d ine ruyen ne ti kayin deg lqaleb yudsen ,ineskanen d imdanen i wumi neqqar iwudam zdin-ten wassa en nettaf deg tudert n wemdan deg tmetti ideg yettidir .Ine ruyen errun deg wadeg anda yettaf umdan akk tignatin n tudert n yal ass i icuden er wakud.

1-3-Tulmisin n wungal agra lan

• Tutlayt:

Ungal agra lan yettas-d s tutlayt s wacu ye ra ugdud-nni ama d tafransist,

ama d ta rabt, ama d tanglizit …

Ma nger tamawt er tutlayt yettwasqedcen, tettili-d s usexdem n wawalen

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22

Imyura-agi ttnadin ad ssizedgen tutlayt seg awalen ire alen, d a tikwal snulfuyen-d awalen s yiman-nsen, iswi-nsen d asnerni n tutlayt-nsen.

• Isental:

Ungal agra lan ttilin-d deg-s a as n yisental ama dayen ye nan tamagit, ne timetti, ttawin-d ef tnefsit n umdan.

Imyura igra lanen ttawin-d s wa as ef wayen yellan deg tilawt, akken da en ttawin-d ef usentel n tayri am wungal La fleuve n Honor D’urfe.

Ula d asentel n te sa yiwi-d amkean-is gar-asen s wazal-is.

2-Ungal aqbayli:

2-1-Talalit n wungal aqbayli

Tasekla n tmazi t maci n wassa ,macci n yi elli , izuran-is fkan im i seg zik uqbel talalit n sidna isa .Imi id tekker tsuta i refden asafu n tira ,b an ad as bedlen udem b an ad ttaren d tirawit acku mi tella d timawit a as n cfawat ad as i ttru un . Tiwwi-d amaynut deg ayen ye nan tawsit n tesrit anida id banent a as n tewsatin gar-asent: ungal, amezgun, tullist, isefra yettwarun, yal yiwet seg tewsatin-agi tekcem s telqayt er walla n wumdan anect-agi yett awan-it deg uwellah d ttrebga . tiwsatin-agi dmen-t ne s an-t azal-nsent deg tmetti.

Ma yella ne ef annar n wungal ad naf d win id ibanen deg iseggasen-nni n temharsa tafransist (1940) anida i d-yefruri Bel id Ayt li, i y ar en ad yaru i tikelt tamezwarut ungal s tutlayt taqbaylit . Bel id Ayt li yura ungal iwumi isemma: « Lwali n udrar», d win yes an aqa i t-yerran d ungal , Akli Mu end SAL I iwekked-it-id : « Ungal-a yes a te zi n tsiwelt , d unagraw n yiwudam ad t-yerren d ungal ».

Seg yimiren ur d-iban ungal s tutlayt n tmazi t, almi d iseggasen n 80, ssebat n wanect-agi akken i d-yenna Galland Pérnet: acte du 1 congrés des cultures

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A ric amenzu

Awal ef wungal

23

méditerranéennes d’influence Arabo-Berbére (1973 : 329) : « Ma yella assa ulac ungal s tutlayt n tmazi t anect-a sseba-s d uguren n tmetti akked tdamsa, macci d lexsas n usnulfu aseklan ».

Ungal yennarna seg tefsut n tmanyin d asawen ne tafsut n yimazi en tejujeg tira d a a as n inagmayen irefden asafu n tira di tallit-nni uran ef tmagit d tana lit deg idelisen-nsen ger-asen Rachid Alic « Asfel » yefa -d di (1981) deffir-is ban-n-d a as n inagalen i yuran s tutlayt taqbaylit ad d nnaf Sa id Sa di yura «Askuti» (1983) akked Racid lic yura Fafa deg useggas n (1986).

Deg iseggasen n 90 tira n wungal tennarna, f en-d yimyura imaynuten ad

nebder yiwen gar inagalen-agi A.Mezdad s wungal-is « d Wass » (1990), emza mer « seg tedyant er taye » (1994) . Salem Ziniya « tafrara » (1995) .llan wiya : emdani Bel id s wungal is « Nekk akk d kem, kem d nekk » (1998) i teb wi-it-id Nekkar med s wungal-is « yugar ucerrig tafawett » (1999) akked Ait Boudawed « cna n yibzzaz » (1999).

Tira n wungal aqbayli ur te bis ara amecwar-is, tedda er sdat di tallit-a

yu al wannar n tira n wungal yettim ur, innerna deg (2000), banen-d imyura nni en ilmen-d n Mu end Akli Sal i f en-d azal n (11) n wungalen:

A mer Mezdad : Tagrest ur u (2000) ;

Sa id lamrac : Tasga n lam (2000) ;

Ben uf djamal : Timlilt n t ermiwin (2002) ;

Salen Ziniya : il d wefru (2002) ;

Brahim taza art : Salas n lun a (2003) ;

Butliwa amid : yir timlilit (2004) ;

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24

Tahar weld emmar :bururu (2006).

Ma yella nga tamawt ad nwali dakken ungal yennarna a as deg iseggasen n (90) d asawen.

Deg usnulfu n wungal aqbayli tennulfa-d tewsit tamaynut deg ungal s ubrid n tsuqilt. Yella-d wayen i yettwasuqlen seg tsekla tagra lant er tutlayt taqbaylit, llan wungalen i d-yettwasuqlen seg tefransist s tuget, taglizit akked ta elyanit er tutlayt tamazi t. Ad nebder kra seg ungalen-agi: ubran Xalil ubran yura ungal : Nnbi yessuqlit er teqbaylit Farid Abac des Laphamie di Lezzayer (1991) . Ungal n Mulud Fer un : Fils du pauvre , yerrat-id er teqbaylit. Musa Weld Taleb: Mmi-s n igellil , yeffe -d deg HCA, 2004.

Ad naf tasuqilt ur teffi ara annar n tira imi llan a as n wungalen i

d-yettwasuqlen seg tutlayin n uma al er tmazi t: Ernest HEMINGWAY Le vielle homme et la mére , yerra-t-id er tmazi t Mu end A rab At Qasi, isemma-as Am ar d yillel yeffe -d deg (2013). Yerna-d ungal-nni en Aberrani n Albert Camus L’étranger .

Deg tizi n wass-a, tira n wungal s teqbaylit te ef annar s tehri deg tsekla n teqbaylit, yennerna ama seg tama n yisental ama seg tama n tutlayt d u anib.

2-2-Tulmisin n wungal aqbayli

• Tutlayt:

Li ala n wungal seg tama n tutlayt tcuba li ala n wungal afransis di lqarn

wis (XII) ur teddukel ara tutlayt n tmazi t , ahat ula d taqbaylit llant a as n tamiwin yal yiwet temgarad ef taye , rnu er-s inagalen a as deg-sen xedmen ta uri-nsen s tefransist, tettili-d tezrirt n tutlayt-a deg ungalen n

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25

teqbaylit (D). ebrus tenna-d (1989 : 44) : «Ta essa n tefyar deg teqbaylit deg ungalen n (R).Alliche, Said Sa di, tecba ta essa n tutlayt tafransist».

Ad naf tulmisin-nni en deg ungal n teqbaylit gar-asen awalen ijen , a as n

yinagmayen i yesmersen deg tira-nsen. awalen-agi kkan-d seg ta rabt d tafransist, ebrus.(D) temmeslay-d fell-as : «tilin n yijenta en deg tira n kra n wungalen-a, tettu al er umyekcem gar teqbaylit akked d tutlayin nni en, am ta rabet, tafransist…akked kra n wassa en d limarat n u emmer gar teqbaylit d tutlayt-nni en».

Tikwal imyura-agi slalayen-d awalen imaynuten mi arayili lexsas deg

tutlayt.Ayagi akk akken ad siw en timu liwin-nsen i yme ri.

• Isental:

Isental i d-yettu alen deg ungalen iqbayliyen d ayen ye nan timetti, d wayen

ttidiren imyura, ttawin-d ef wayen tt ulfun d wayen i ten-ice ben. ttarun ef tmagit d yidles amazi d usenqed n tmetti, rebrab d tayri.

A as n yimyura i d-yewwin ef tmagit i yellan d amennu ef la el d yidles

amazi , ad d-naf ungal n said sadi : Askuti, d Racid Alliche i yuran ef umennu ef tmagit deg ungal : Tafrara.

Ad d-naf asentel-ni en i d-yettmeslayen ef umezruy n Lezzayer amiran am umezruy n tegrawla, Ad naf asentel-agi deg ungal n mer Mezdad: Tagrest Ur u.

Seg tama-ni en, rebrab d asentel i yu en am iq s tehri di tmetti taqbaylit

anida ad naf anagal Taher Weld mer yemmeslay-d ef usentel-agi d ssebat-is deg ungal-is: Bururu. Salem Arkat yura ef tayri deg ungal-is: Abrid n tala.

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2-3-Anadi asdawan ef wungal

Ma yella nu al er tezrawin i yettwaxedmen deg annar n tsekla ef wungal amazi , ad naf Dahbiya ebrus (1989) texdem tizrawin-is ef ungalen imenza: Asfel d Fafa n Racid elic (1981-1986), «Askuti» n Sa id Sa di (1983), seg tama-nni en A mer Amezyan (2002) yezrew d Was n mer Mezdad (1990). Llant tezrawin tisdawanin ef wungal n teqbaylit seg yiseggasen n (2000) ar ass-a. Ad naf Nadiya Berdus deg useggas n (2001) tezrew ungalen n mer Mezdad.

as i d-yusan deffir-s sizerwen ungalen n Mezdad am: Fadila Acili (2002) d Bellal Nurddin (2011).

er tagar n u ric-agi, nezmer ad nini ungal yella-d seg zik aya, yufrar-d deg tisekliwin n ddunit merra anida ye ef amkan s tehri alad a tasekla tamazi t. Ma nu al er tulmisin n wungal agra lan d wungal aqbayli d wid yettemcabin seg wa as n tamiwin ama deg tutlayt, ama deg yisental.

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ric II :

Ti ri

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28 Deg ixef-agi n te ri, ad nawi awal ef tbadutin n kra n inagmayen i imudden

i t unba d tunu in-is, yal yiwen deg-sen dacu n tmu li i d-immud gar-asen K.Bouamara akked S.M.Akli. Ad d-nemmeslay s telqayt ef tunu t n userwes i yellan d asentel n tezrawt-nne , anida i d-nessegza tawsit-agi, annawen-is d wallalen yugten deg-s; akken i d-nessegza tal a d tilin n yiferdisen-is deg tefyirt.

1-Ti unba

Gar yinagmayen i d-yewwin ef t unba, ad d-naf:

HABI Dehbia , deg ukatay-ines Analyse stylistique de l’oeuvre de Ben

Mohamed Cas des repetition et des parallelism dans le montage poétique «Yemma » : (145), tenna-d : « ti unba d tami rant i d-yennulfan deg lqern wis (19), mi d-yeffe udlis n CARLE DU BALLI, er-s ti unba d tussna yettnadin

ef tenfaliyin n tgemmi d tid n yi ulfan».

Seg tama-nni en , ad naf Sal i Mu end Akli yessegza-d ti unba :

(l’Odyssée, 2012: 69) : «D a ric di tesle t n yi risen n tsekla; yettawi-d ef temsal n u anib ama deg wayen yerzan tugniwin ama deg wayen yeqqnen er tal iwin n lebni n yi risen, abe da deg wayen ye nan timenna n yinaw».

Ma yella er P.Guiraud deg udlis-is La stylistique : (1975 : 07) : « Ti unba d tasnukyest tatrart ».

Seg tbadutin-agi, ad nini ti unba d aferdis n tesle t n yi risen n tsekla,

tettwaqdec i lebni n yi risen .

2-Tunu in n ti unba

2-1) Tamu li n Kamal Bu mara :

Kamel Bouamara deg udlis-is Amawal n tunu in n tesnukyest: (2007 : 31-32) yenna-d : « Awal awsiw yesdukkulen « tunu in » d « izalagen » d ayen

iwumi neqqar taje igt n tesnukyest, ne aseryes (= ornament ). Akken yura

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29

asissen n t awsa i nettwali d tal a-ines», «Tugna d unu i d-nettaf deg yinaw,

yettu al am usumen ne am u ris s timmad-is»1.

2-2) Tamu li n Sal i Mu end Akli :

Ad naf anagmay-a deg udlis-is Asegzawal ame yan n tsekla : (2012: 70) : isemma-as i tunnu t s wawal-ni en : tugna , anida i d-yenna : « D tanfalit yeddsen s ubrid ixulfen tuddsa n tenfalit n yal ass. Llan sin le naf n tugniwin : • Tid yeqqnen er tal a (ama n yimesli, ama n wawal, ama n tefyirt);

• Tid yeqqnen er unamek, md : tase rit, tasergelt, allus …tigi d tugniwin n tal , ma yella d tumnayt, tangisemt, taseqlebt … qqnen-t er unamek.

2-1-Iferdisen n tunnu in

2-1-1-Tumnayt

D tugna yeqqnen er ubeddel n yinumak n wawalen, yerna ur yelli ara

wassa gar-asen ( ma i am wdi tay isemt d tengisemt ). Llan wid iwalan

tumnayt amzun d takanit wezzilen ( mi ara yettwakkes wallal n tkanit ), ( 2012: 71 ).

Md :

• Taqcict-a, d tiziri.

D acu kan tamu li-agi ur d-tsem aleq ara i le naf n tumnayt i yellan. Llant tumnayin ur nebni ara ef tukksa n wawal n tkanit :

Md :

Ala tassirt n nndama i d-yeqqimen t deg-i.

(Matub)

1

- Le mot latin figura signifie étymologiquement «dessin, représentation visuelle d’un objet, et par extension, sa forme.» « Une figure est un dessin, perçu visuellement, sensoriellement (…) dans discours, il survient comme une illustration, comme si le texte lui-même fabriquait des motifs ornementaux ou des images représentatives».

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30 2-1-2-Allus

D tu alin n yiwet n tayunt. Tezmer ad tili tayunt-agi d imesli, d awal, d

taggayt n wawalen ne d azenzi ( ama n tkatit ama n unya ama n unamek ). S wakka, allus, ye na akk iswiren n tesnilest ( timsislit / tasnilest, taseddast, amawal ).

Tiwsatin n wallus, ggtent. Tawsit tamezwarut, d allus n yimesli ( ne n

yimesla ) ne n tun iqt di taggara n yifyar ( am di tme rut ). Md:

Yiwen d bu uzegza n eql-it, seg ye zer ay d-ixutel.

Ma yella d u diq neffer-it, abrid waye ard iqatel.

Ma yella d ungif nemmel-it, ad fell-as ewwbe lmaqel. ( Yusef u Qasi )

Yezmer di en ad yili wallus daxel n wafer ne n tefyirt ( ayagi ittekki deg unya ). Ssenf-agi n wallus n yimesli ittak anzi er tsergelt:

Md:

Muqqel ddaw tmes, as ar-im dg-es, am nekk la itezzu.

as s -d ur-es, m’ara tru akken ad tens, amar ad iyi-tecbu.

Tawsit tis snat, d allus n wawal. Tawsit-agi, tefreq ef (04) lesnaf. Di ssenf amezwaru, yettu al-d wawal di tazwara n tefyirt. Awal I d-yettu alen isem-is amsales ( anaphore ):

Md:

Ad ad beddle tamurt, ad nadi tafat.

Ad ad rewle i lmut, ad beddle taswa t.

Ad akin i tagut, s anga dessent lxalat.

( Ben Mu emmed )

enf wis sin, yettu al-d wawal di taggara n tefyirt, ad as-nsemmi i wawal-agi i yettwalsen amsales n taggara (épiphore).

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31

Md:

Awin isexdamen awal, acu t em di tsusmi ?

Akken yella yir awal, i tella yir tasusmi

( Zedek )

enf wis kra , awal yellan di tazwara n tefyirt, yettu al-d di taggara-ines (redditio) :

Md:

• Ula d win t-in an, ur yebni fell-as

Yen a-t s laman, teggra-d lme na-s

Aqbayli ad d-iban, ad t-ine uqbayli

(Ayt Mengellat)

enf wis ukuz, awalen i d-yettwalsen ttemsedfaren :

Md:

• Lekdeb yurew-d lba el

Lba el d baba-s n lxuf

(Ayt Mengellat)

Di sin le naf-agi ineggura, ittusemma umsales d uddis acku yettwa awed-d wawal snat n tikkal ( ama awed-di tazwara awed-d taggara n tefyirt ne n wafir ama msedfaren wa deffir waye ). M.A.Sal i: ( 2012: 25 ).

Ma yella d tabadut n K.Bouamara, Amawal n tunu in n tesnukyest (

2007 : 34 ) : « Allus n yiwen n wawal yezga ur-s anamek. • Ama d isem ( i usile n yimerna ) :

Md:

• Zik-zik, asmi iheddren lew uc …; ulac deg-s ma i-ma i… • Ama d amyag :

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Md :

• Yedda, yedda … ( ne : iteddu, iteddu, iteddu ) = yedda a as.

Deg teqbaylit, allus n umyag ( krad n tikkal ), ama yefti er yizri ama er urmir ussid , yeskanay-d te zi n tigewt. Tasetwelt-a deg teqbaylit yessemras-itt ume yan, yessemras-yessemras-itt umeqqran (deg le mer), acku ulac abrid-ni en swayes ara d-nini anect-a. Deg tefransist, d anemgal, tanfalit yecban ta (md: j’ai marché, j’ai marché, j’ai marché, …) tettune sab d tameslayt n warrac, acku ameqqran yezmer (ne : ilaq) ad d-yini [deg waydeg n j’ai marché, j’ai marché, j’ai marché, …] j’ai marché longuement.

2-1-3-Inzi

D tawsit n tsekla timawt. Tal a-ines d tawezzlant: Yezmer ad yili yinzi d

tafyirt ne d kra n tefyar, ( 2012: 49 ). Md:

• Yuker, re ; yeggul, umne .

2-1-4-Tamisemt

er Kamel Bouamara, Amawal n tunu in n tesnukyest: ( 2007: 36) : d tunu t

yesdukkulen awalen yettkanzin deg yimesli, maca mxalafen deg unamek. Tamisemt d tunu t yellan s wa as, ama deg :

• tenfaliyin n tutlayt (expressions idiomatriques) : i lxir d l ir ; i fre d lqer ; am qabel am wabel, ur ixeddem ur igeddem ; ur ixebbec ur inebbec ; ur iwwi ur irri…

• yinza (ne : tinzatin) : Tif tasusmi tamusni ; Azekka d a ekka ; ttif axayel aqeyyel …

• tsiryin i a -d- an yimussnawen (ne yif en) :

Md :

• Inna-yas Ccix Mu end (Ul usin) Amsaysi, le mer yeddim !

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Tikelt-ni en, deg usadel-ni en, inna-yas : Amsaysi, le mer yendim !

2-1-5-Tangisemt

D tugna yebnan ef wassa n umsami (contiguité) gar yismawen, yiwen yella deg umkan n waye . A as I walan belli tangisemt d enf kan n tey isemt. Ma er wiya (gar-asen Gardes-Tamine), d snat n tugniwin mxalafent : ttemcabint deg wassa n umsami I yettilin gar wawalen, d acu kan inumak n yismawen deg

tengisemt wa ike em deg waye , ma i am di tey isemt, ur ttemyekcamen ara

deg waygar-asen. Sal i Mu end Akli, Asegzawal ame yan n tsekla : (2012: 57).

Md :

• med Umerri, i ab am yitri.

2-1-6Tal anxa

D tunu t n lebni ideg yella walus n wawalen yak d waqlab-nsen. Md :

• Yella yiwen ulac-it, yella. A B • Yella yiwen yella, ulac-it. B A

Kamel Bouamara: (2007: 49).

2-1-7-Tan afeqt

D tunu t ideg yezmer yiwen ad yesdukkel sin n wawalen yemgaraden,

iwakken ad d-yessile awal wis (3) ilan anamek-ni en; awal-a yezga d uddis. Bouamara Kamel: (2007: 49).

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34

Md :

• Tasekla + timawit = tasekla timawit. Deg awal tasekla, yella usekkil (tira): deg timawit (=imi, awal)=, ulac deg-s asekkil (tira), ihi sin n wawalen mgaraden.

2-1-8-Urerawal (ne urar n wawalen)

Deg urerawal, bab-is yessimlil awalen yettemcabin deg lmen eq (ne : deg

tira), maca mxalafen deg unamek. Urerawalen seqdacen-ten madden akken ad d-se d-sen wiyi , ne ad ekkin fell-ad-sen ne ad d-inin yir awal. K.Bouamara: (2007: 50).

Md :

• Mi ara nsel I tefyirt yecban ta: [aneggalurdinni’acemma], nezmer ad nefhem: aneggal ur d-inni acemma ne : a(d) neggal ur d-inni acemma.

2-1-9-Tasinu t

D tunu t ideg bab n wawal yesseqdac awal anida i d-yeskan sin n yinumak-ines: amezwaru d unamek unu an. Kamel Bouamar: (2007: 51).

Md:

Nek d ubendayer-iw nennu Ad t-wte ad as-rnu

I eccem-iyi gar at le ra .

2-1-10-Tuzyanfalit

Amazan yessemras tanfalit deg waydeg n yisem. Tanfalit-a tzemer ad tili d aglam n yisem, am waken i tezmer da ad yili deg-s usme req. Kamel Bouamara, Amawal n tunu in n tesnukyest: (2007: 47-48).

Md:

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35 2-1-11-Taseqlebt

D tugna n u anib yeqqnen er tidmi. Taseqlebt d timenna n tilawt meqlubi, anamek n tseqlebt yemgarad ef wayen yellan di tilawt.

Md: Ula d amageraman, nenjer-d seg-s as alas Nerra deg-s laman, yu al deg-ne yettalas.

( Ayt Mengellat )

Sumata yettbeggin-d umaru issexdamen taseqlebt belli ur yeddi ara d wayen i d-iqqar netta s timmad. Sal i Mu end Akli : ( 2012: 58 ).

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36

Deg temsalt-agi n userwes ulac a as n tezrawin i yettwaxedmen fell-as. Ad ne re ad d-nefk ayen ye nan tami rant-a , ama seg tama n tbadutin , ama seg tama n wannawen ne n twuriwin.

1-Aserwes

D aferdis imuca en s wa as ama er wid yettarun ne er wid icennun,

yezmer ad yili icud er wa as n yiferdisen

.

Yettili-d ger taggayt (1) akked taggayt (2) i yellan deg tefyirt, amazan yeb a ad yini belli S1 yakk d S2 ttkanzin, temcabin, tin nni en yezga yettili gar taggayt

(1) d teggayt (2) uferdis n userwes gar-asen: am, ab al, amzun, zun, icba.

Ad naf di en H.Morier yesbadu-d aserwes deg umawal-is, Dictionnaire de

poétique et de rhétorique: (1975: 218): « aserwes d assa yellan gar snat n

awsiwin ttemyekciment gar-asent»2.

Aserwes yemmal-d assa n umyekmel gar snat n taggayin, win yettwaknan (compare) akked win u ur kennun (comparant). Assa n umcabi-agi yettili-d s wallal n ukenni i d-yessegzayen tugniwin yemxallafen deg t essa n tseddast, win irennun azal i tulmisin n umcabi, awal yettwaknan d wawal u ur kennun. Arnu

er-s yella yiwen n uferdis-ni en, win iwumi qqaren udem n ukenni.

2- Annawen n userwes

2-1-Taserwest ta erfit: Unnu n t erfit d wa: A am B Md:

• Taqcict am t igt

• Argaz ab al d izem • Aqlin cbi a er ur.

2-2- Taserwest timsegzit: Mi ara iferdisen n unamek icerkiten S1 akked S2 ur shilen ara i tifin, d a amazan ( ne ameskan ) yesefham-d taserwest-nni.

(35)

ric wis-sin Ti ri

37

Md:

• Te ra did-i am t erbalt • Kki -d mkkul taxxamt • Wi i eddan iceqqar-iyi.

Yenna-d Sal i.A.M (2007: 52 ): « Takanit d tugna i yettilin s ukenni ( s

usemcabi ) n sin yiferdisen. Taseddast n tkanit, teb a ef (4) n yi ricen: 1) Awal yettwaknan (compare)

2) Awal u ur kennun (comparant) 3) Allal n ukenni.

4) D udem n ukenni.

Zemren ad ilin yi ricen-agi akk deg yiwet n tefyirt: Md:

• Aqcic-agi yecbe am waggur n l id.

Akken llant tkaniyin ideg ixus yiwen n u ric ne sin: Md:

• Ti nikin amzun d lxux.

Mi ara mlilen ye ricen-agi akk deg yiwet n tefyirt, ad tili tkanit tewwe , imi ad as-nsemmi takanit tuddist.

3-Tilin n yiferdisen n userwes deg tefyirt:

-Awal yettwaknan + allaln n ukenni + awal u ur kennun + udem n ukenni. Md: Tislit amzun d aggur mi d-yeflali.

-Allal n ukenni + awal u ur kennun + awal yettwaknan + udem n ukenni.

Md: Am tje igt teqcict-agi i tettfe .

-Udem n ukenni + awal yettwaknan + allal n ukenni + awal u ur kennun. Md: Ttna en medden gar-asen b al i ersiwen.

(36)

38

-Awal yettwaknan + udem n ukenni + allal n ukenni + awal u ur kennun. Md: Tigecrar ce ent am akken d amqerqer deg tgelda.

-Awal u ur kennun + allal n ukenni + awal yettwaknan + udem n ukenni. Md: Argaz yecba a anim deg uzday n lqedd.

4-

Allalen n userwes (takanit):

Am

,

ame

,

amzun

,

am akken, akken

,

kif kif akked

,

anect

,

el

,

al

,

yemtala

,

ad t ile

,

ad-as-tini

,

ittak cbiha

,

ittak inzi

,

yetban

,

yebbi-d Rebbi deg-s

,

yecba,

yefe -d er.

4-1-Tal a n wallalen n userwes

Ad naf GUARDE-TAMINE.J yesenfali-d tal a n wallalen n userwes deg

udlis-is, la grammaire, 2/ syntaxe: (1994: 61).

- Takanit s tenfalit3: tusa-d s tal a n umyag:

Yecba, yemtala, ad-as-tini , yefe -d er, yettak cbiha, ye ban-d, ad t ile .

- Takanit s tzel iwin4: tusa-d s tal a n umarnu (adverbe):

Am, amzun, am akken, anect, akken, kif kif akked .

4-2- Tiwurin n wallalen n userwes

Ma yella nu al er wayen i d-yenna Sal i.M.A deg udlis Asegzawal

ame yan n tsekla: (2012: 52), allalen n ukenni llan deg-sen sin le naf :

• Allal n tje umt (am, amzun, b al, ame );

3_-lexicales. 4_{-syntaxiques.}

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ric wis-sin Ti ri

39

• D wallal n umawal, wagi ad naf deg-s sin n le naf:

-Ya ad tili tayunt n ukenni d amyag:

Md : Tislit tecba tanina.

-Ya ad tili d isem i yes an azal n usemmad agensay di tje umt :

Md : Lekdeb ur yes i iffadden, itta af tu fa n ugaru.

Seg anect-a, nezmer ad nini allalen n userwes s an adeg d ameqran deg

tesle t n ye risen n tsekla, acku rennun-as cbe a d thuski.

5- Assa yellan gar tkanit d tumnayt :

Tumnayt d tkanit ttemcabahent deg kra n tbadutin maca ur llint ara d yiwet , i snat llant seg tunnu in, akken id-nenna deg tazwara aserwes yes a (4) n yiferdisen ( awal yettwaknan, awal u ur kennun, allal ukennu d udem ukkennu) wigi zemren ad ilin yak deg yiwet n tefyirt, akken nezmer ad naf ixus yiwen n uferdis(udem n ukennu) .Maca ma nekkes allal n ukenni ad tu al tefyir d tumnayt .

Aserwes yes a azal d ameqqran deg usegzi n ye risen n tsekla, acku yes-s i

yessawa yime ri ad yefhem anamek n ugar n ye risen. Akken da irennu-d cba a d thuski i d-ijebbeden lwelha.

(38)

ric III :

Ta le t

(39)

A ric wis kra

Ta le t

41

Deg u ric-agi ad ne re ad nexdem tasle t n u anib i kra n tenfaliyin i

d-neddem seg wungal « Tett ili-d ur d-ke em » n Amer MEZDAD i nesseqdec di tezrawt-agi-ne , i wakken ad nessebgen aserwes i d-yellan deg-sent. Yal tanfalit tes a asebter-is. Ad nemeslay da en ef tseddast n userwes, iferdisen n userwes, tilin n yiferdisen-agi deg tefyirt d tal a n wallalen n userwes. Deg tagara ad d-nemmud.

Tasle t n tenfaliyin

A- Tinfaliyin s wallal am :

1-Tizizwa am madden, ttna en-t gar-asent. (sb 127)

Tanfalit-agi d takanit ta erfit, acku akk iferdisen-is llan. Taggayt 1 am

taggayt 2.

Taseddast n userwes :

Awal yettwaknan: tizizwa

Awal u ur kennun: medden

Allal n ukenni: am

Udem n ukenni: ttna en-t gar-asen-t.

Tilin n yiferdisen-agi deg tefyirt :

Awal yettwaknan+Allal n ukenni+Awal u ur kennun+Udem n ukenni.

tizizwa am medden amennu

Tal a n wallal-agi deg tefyirt :

(40)

42

Deg tenfalit-agi, ad naf amaru icuba tizizwa er madden deg umennu , imi tizizwa ttnejma ent deg yiwen n umkan am madden.

2-Makka i -te dagi nsenned am icemmuxen di tesga. (sb143)

Tanfalit-agi d takanit timsegzit acku ur d-banen ara yakk iferdisen n userwes

deg-s.

Awal yettwaknan : ur d-iban ara (yusa-d d ameqim) Awal u ur yettwakna : icemmuxen

Allal ukennu :am

Udem ukennu :Asenned, ti imit.

Awal yettwaknan +Udem n ukenni+Allal n ukenni+Awal u ur kennun

Ø asenned am icemmuxen

Tal a n wallal-agi deg tenfalit : Allal (am) yusa-d d tazel a.

Deg tenfalit-agi amaru yiwi-d awal yettwaknan ( Me yan d S id) d

ameqqim udmawan. Amaru icuba sin-agi n yemdukal er yicemmuxen deg imit imi ur erken ara seg umkan-nsen.

3-Sliman am umutur Diesel, ur ye enkar alamma ye ma. (sb 191)

(41)

A ric wis kra

Ta le t

43

Awal yettwaknan : Sliman

Awal u ur yettwakna : amutur n diesel Allal n ukennu : am

Udem n ukennu : ur yettenkar alama ye ma.

Tilin n yiferdisen deg tefyirt :

Awal yettwaknan+Allal n ukenni+Awal u ur kennun+Udem n ukenni

Sliman am amutur n diesel ur yettenkar alama ye ma

Tal a n wallal n userwes deg tefyirt Allal (am) yusa-d s tal a n tzel a.

Deg tenfalit-agi amaru icuba Sliman er umutur n diesel acku amutur ama

ye ma akken ad yekker ula d Sliman ama ye a , yerwa akken ad yekker.

4-Ke am win ihedren i l . (sb 204)

Tanfalit-agi d takanit timsegzit acku iferdisen n userwes ur shilen ara i tifin.

Awal yettwaknan : ke (S id) Awal u ur yettwakna : l

Allal n ukani : am

Udem n ukani : ur d-iban ara

(42)

44

ke am Ø l

Tal a n wallal deg tefyirt :

Allal (am) yusa-d s tal a n tzel a.

Deg tenfalit-agi ulac udem ukenni, ur d-iban ara, amaru icuba amdan er

id imi ihadder-as ur s- d-yettara ara awal.

5-Ta zalt am ta.

Tanfalit-agi d takanit timsegzit acku ur yeshil ara tifin n yiferdisen n userwes.

Awal yettwaknan : ta zalt

Awal u ur kennun : ta ( tamettut n dda fer at) Allal n ukani : am

Udem n ukennu : ur d- iban ara

ta zalt am ta Ø

Deg tenfalit-agi ur d-nufi ara udem n ukenni deg-s i yellan d cba a. Amaru icuba tamettut er te zalt deg cba a.

(43)

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45

6-Tes ar deg tesdawit akka am nekk.

Tanfalit-agi d takanit timsegzit acku ur yeshil ara tifin n yiferdisen deg-s

Awal yattwaknan : ur d- iban ara( t ) Awal u ur kennun : nekk

Allal n ukennu : am

Udem n ukennu : s aren deg tesdawit

Tilin n yiferdisen deg tefyirt :

Awal yettwaknan+Udem n ukenni+Allal n ukenni+Awal u ur yettwakna

t s aren am nekk

Tal a n wallal n userwes :

Deg tenfalit-agi amaru icuba tamettut n Dda Far at er s id acku deg sin aren deg tesdawit.

7-A k-nett afar am izamaren. (sb 168)

Tanfalit-agi d takanit timsegzit.

Awal yattwaknan : ur d-iban ara (n ) Awal ur yettwakna : izamaren Allal n ukennu : am

Udem n ukennu : tt afaren.

(44)

46

Awal yattwaknan+Udem n ukenni+Allal n ukenni+Awal ur kennun

n tt afaren am izamaren

Allal (amzun) yusa-d s tal a n tzel a.

Deg tenfalit-agi , awal yettwaknan yusa-d d ameqqim ( n ) yettu al ef imdukal n Utudert. Amaru icuba imdukal-agi er izamaren imi ur zrin ara sani teddun .

8-Uberriq Am umeksa iwumi flent t en. (sb 154)

Tanfalit-agi d takanit timsegzit acku ur d-banen ara iferdisen n userwes deg-s.

Awal yattwaknan : uberriq Awal ur yettwakna : ameksa Allal n ukennu : am

Udem ukennu : ur d-iban ara

Awal yattwaknan+Allal n ukenni+Awal ur kennun+Udem n ukenni

uberriq am ameksa Ø

Deg tenfalit-agi amaru icuba uberriq er umeksa i wumi ru ent t en imi

(45)

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47 9-Ye ef ajenwi am winna n ujezzar di l erc .( sb 113)

Tanfalit-agi d takanit timsegzit acku ur d-nufi ara akk iferdisen n userwes.

Awal yettwaknan: ajenwi n S id Awal u ur kennun: ajenwi n ujezzar Allal n ukenni: am

Udem n ukenni: ur d-iban ara.

ajenwi n S id am ajenwi n ugezzar Ø

Deg tenfalit-agi amaru icuba ajenwi n S id er win n ugezzar deg leq ,

maca amaru ur d-isebyen ara udem n ukennu i yellan d leq .

10-Ye ef azmam anect-ilat gar ifassen-is, maci am zik d ameslay kan. (sb 136)

D taserwest timsegzit, acku ur tes i ara yak iferdisen n userwes (we ren i

tifin).

Taseddast n userwes:

(46)

48

Awal u ur kennun: zik

Allal n ukenni: am

Udem n ukenni: ur d-iban ara

Tilin n yiferdisen-agi deg tefyirt:

Awal yettwaknan+Allal n ukenni+Awal u ur kennun+Udem n ukenni.

Ø am zik Ø

Tal a n wallal n userwes:

Allal n userwes (am) yusa-d s tal a n tzel

Deg tenfalit-agi ur nufi ara akk iferdisen n userwes. Yella kan wawal u ur kennun d wallal n ukenni, ma yella d awal yettwaknan d wudem ukenni ur d-banen ara, fren.

11-Udem d amduwwer am teq ist n temtunt. (sb 09)

Tanfalit-agi d ta erfit :acku iferdisen-is sahlen i tifin.

Awal yettwaknan: udem

Awal u ur kennun: taq ist n temtunt Allal n ukennu: am

Udem n ukennu: d amdewwer.

Tilin n yiferdisen n userwes:

Awal yettwaknan+Udem n ukenni+Allal n ukenni+Awal u ur kennun.

(47)

A ric wis kra

Ta le t

49

Deg tenfalit-agi icuba umaru udem n Me yan er teq ist n temtunt imi deg sin d imdewren.

12-Aqla la n-teddu am wid yettqazamen izem. (sb 07)

Tanfalit-agi d taserwest timsegzit : acku ur yeshil ara tifin n yiferdisen n

tkanit-agi.

Taseddast n tserwest :

Awal yettwaknan: nukni

Awal u ur kennun: win ara iqablen izem Allan n ukenni: am

Udem n ukenni: d aqezzem

Tilin n yiferdisen n userwes :

Awal yettwaknan +Allal ukenni+Udem n ukenni+Awal u ur kennun .

nukni am aqezzem win ara iqablen izem

Allan (am) yusa-d s tal a n tzel a

Deg tenfalit-agi yella-d userwes , amaru icuba til in er taddart er til in er yizem acku ur rin ara dacu iten-yettragun dina , ugaden, kukran .

(48)

50 13- Ma i am Utudert xfif, ur yessin dexxan ne tibeyirin akka am ke . (sb 169)

Tanfalit-agi d takanit timsegzit, acku iferdisen-is ur d-banen ara, we rit i tifin. Taseddast n userwes :

Awal yettwaknan: Mister Pickwick Awal u ur kennun: Utudert

Allan n ukenni: am

Udem n ukenni: yiwen xfif, waye ala .

Tilin n yiferdisen deg tenfalit-agi :

Mister pickwick am Utudert Ø

Deg tenfalit-agi amaru icuba M.pickwick er Utudert: M.Pickwick d win

acen d bu t beyyirin, maca Utudert ur yessin dexxan d tbeyyirin yerna d win yet eqlen.

14-Atan la yettneggiz am i id ye wan tu a.

Tanfalit-agi d takanit ta erfit acku iferdisen-is banen-d, yerna unnu n t erfit yettas-d A am B.

(49)

A ric wis kra

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51

Awal yettwaknan: ur d-iban ara (Utudert) Awal u ur kennun: i id

Allan n ukenni: am

Udem n ukenni: aneggez

Awal yettwaknan+Udem n ukenni+Allal n ukenni+Awal u ur kennun

y (Utudert) aneggez am i id

Deg tenfalit-agi amaru icuba Utudert er i id , i id ma yella yerwa

yettnegiz a as seg lfar a , ula d Utudert seg lfar a imi yezwe yettnegiz s lfar a.

15-Tame ut ur ne ra ara, am tfunast i erzen. (sb 22)

Tanfalit-agi d takanit timsegzit acku llanyakk iferdisen n userwes , maca ur yeshil ara d-sfahme .

Awal yettwaknan: tame ut ur ne ra Awal u ur kennun: tafunast

Allan n ukenni: am

Udem n ukenni: ttarwent a as.

(50)

52

tame ut ur ne ra am tafunast ttarwent a as

Allal (am) yusa-d s tal a n tzel a

Amaru icuba tamettut ur ne ra er tfunast acku tafunast t-tett, t-ttaru kan , ula d tamettut ma yella teqqim deg uxxam ad teqqim kan tettaru.

16- Ait tmanna t, le wayed-nsen maci am nekni. (sb 24) Tanfalit-agi d takanit ta erfit acku A am B.

Awal yettwaknan: Ait tmanna t Awal u ur kennun: nekni

Allan n ukenni: am

Udem n ukenni: la wayed.

Awal yettwaknan+Udem n ukenni+Allal yettwaknan+Awal u ur kennun

Ait tmanna t le wayed am nekkni.

Allal ( am ) yusa-d s tal a n tzel a.

Amaru icuba Ait tmanna t er Ait udrar id- isebegen s umeqqim (nekkni), icuba-ten deg le wayed: deg idurar tella tu ra d l erma. Maca deg temdint ulac ay-agi.

(51)

A ric wis kra

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53 17-Awal am ter ast ma teffe , ur d-tettu al er txenfuct. (sb 38)

Tanfalit-agi d takanit timsegzit acku ur yeshil ara tifin n yiferdisen n

userwes.

Awal yettwaknan: awal Awal u ur kennun: tar ast Allan n ukenni: am

Udem n ukenni: ur yettu al er txenfuct

awal am tar ast ur tettu al er txenfuct

Allal (am): yusa-d s ta a n tzel a.

Tanfalit-agi tusa-d d inzi: icuba awal er ter ast ma yella teffe -d seg

tmuk elt ur tettu al ara, ula d awal ur yettu al ara s imi.

18-D nettat i d-yeff en am llaf a. (sb 50)

Tanfalit-agi d timsegzit acku ur d-banen ara iferdisen n userwes deg-s. Taseddast n userwes :

Awal yettwaknan: nettat (tame ut n Utudert) Awal u ur kennun: laf a

Allan n ukenni: am

(52)

54

Awal yettwaknan +Allal n ukenni+Awal u ur kennun+Udem u ur kennun

nettat am llaf a Ø

Deg tanfalit-agi udem n ukani ur d-iban ara, amaru icuba tame ut er laf a deg lu ara.

19-Tadlist-agi-inek am uqermud, tett ili-d ur d-tke em. (sb 135)

Tanfalit-agi d takanit timsegzit acku ur yeshil ara tifin n yiferdisen n userwes deg tefyirt.

Awal yettwaknan: tadlist

Awal u ur yettwakna: aqermud

Allal n ukenni: am

Udem n ukenni: tili

Awal yettwaknan+Allal ukenni+Awal u ur kennun+Udem ukenni

tadlist am aqermud tili

Tal a n wallal n ukenni :

(53)

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55

Deg tenfalit-agi amaru icuba tadlist er uqermud acku aqermud ur d-ike em ara s axxam d tili-ines kan id yettel aqen , ula d tadlist n Utudert ur deffi ara , mazal ur ttifuk ara ihedder kan fella-s.

20-Ufan dina (09) n tkeryas derccent ta ef ta, am i unam uferruj. (sb 129)

Tanfalit-agi d takanit ta erfit imi iferdisen n userwes ttbinen-d.

Awal yettwaknan: tikeryas

Awal u ur yettwakna: i unam

Allal n ukenni: am

Udem n ukenni: aderrec,

Awal yettwaknan+Udem n ukenni+Allal n ukenni+Awal u ur yettwakna

tikeryas aderrec am i unam

Allal (am) yusa-d s tal a n tzel a .

Deg tenfalit-agi amaru icuba ikeryas er i unam yettilin wa sdat wau lac

am iq gar-asen,ula d tikeryas yal yiwet ten d taye .

21-Deg tudrin medden ur ttarwen ara am zik. (sb 150) Tanfalit-agi d takanit timsegzit

(54)

56

Awal yettwaknan: ur d-iban ara ( tallit n tura)

Awal u ur kennun: zik

Allal n ukenni: am

Udem n ukenni: tarrawt, ddarya.

Udem ukenni+Awal yettwaknan+Allal n ukenni+Awal u ur yettwakna

tarrawt tallit n tura am zik

Deg tenfalit-agi amaru yessemgared gar tarrawt n medden deg tudrin n zik akked tin n medden deg tudrin n tura.

(55)

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57

B- Tinfaliyin s wallal amzun :

1-Ke , aql-ak tfen ze akk, amzun d i id di tefsut. ( sb168)

Tanfalit-agi d takanit ta erfit acku iferdisen n userwes llan yakk.

Awal yettwaknan: ke Awal u ur yettwakna: i id

Allal ukennu: amzun

Udem ukennu: Afen ez, tiderwect.

Awal yettwaknan +Udem ukenni+Allal n akenni+Awal u ur kennun

ke afen ez amzun i id

Allal (amzun) yusa-d deg tenfalit-agi d tazel a .

Deg tenfalit-agi awal yettwaknan (ke ) yettu al ef Me yan .Amaru icuba Me yan er yi id, imi yefre , yehbel, ula d i id yettefra d tefsut.

2-Bu-Icuba d Dda-fer at, ttmeslayen amzun d la bab iqdimen. (sb 198)

Tanfalit-agi d takanit timsegzit.

Awal yattwaknan: bu-icuba d Dda-fer at

Awal ur yettwakna: d le bab iqdimen Allal n ukennu: amzun

(56)

58

Udem n ukennu: ttmeslayen

Awal yattwaknan+Udem n ukenni+Allal n ukenni+Awal ur kennun

Bu-icuba d dda-fer at ttmeslayen amzun le bab iqdimen

Tal a n wallal n userwes deg tefyirt Allal (amzun) yusa-d s tal a n tzel a .

Deg tenfalit-agi amaru icuba sin yergazen-agi er sin yemdukal imi

qqimen kifkif , ttqessiren gar-asen ad as-tini myusanen a as aya.

3-Imdukal n tidet amzun d atmaten. (sb 185)

Tanfalit-agi d takanit timsegzit acku iferdisen n userwes ur yeshil ara i tifin . Taseddast n userwes :

Awal yattwaknan: imdukal Awal ur yettwakna: atmaten Allal n ukennu: amzun

Udem n ukennu: ur d-iban ara.

Awal yattwaknan+Allal n ukenni+Awal ur kennun+Udem n ukenni

imdukal amzun atmaten Ø

(57)

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59

Deg tenfalit-agi amaru icubaimdukal er watmaten ne kter imi mye malen gar-asen, wa yese bibir ef waye .

4- Tamurt-a amzun ur tes a imawlan. (sb 148)

D taserwest timsegzit, acku ur yeshil ara tifin n yiferdisen n userwes d

usefhem-ines.

Awal yettwaknan: tamurt

Allal n ukenni: amzun

Udem n ukenni: ur tes a imawlan.

Awal u ur ikennun: ur d-iban ara

Deg tenfalit-agi ulac awal u ur kennun, ur d-iban ara.

Tilin n yiferdisen deg tenfali-agi:

tamurt amzun Ø ur tes a imawlan

5- Tura u ale kkernenni amzun d taqer et n Orangina. (sb171)

Tanfalit-agi d taserwest ta erfit acku A am B.

Awal yettwaknan: Mezyan

(58)

60

Allan n ukenni: amzun

Udem n ukenni: Akernenni,Akmac.

Tilin n yiferdisen-agi deg tenfalit :

Nekki Akernenni amzun taqer et n Orangina.

Allal (amzun): yusa-d s tal a n tzel a.

Deg tenfalit-agi icuba iman-is ( Me yan) er tqe et n Orangina acku netta d

anec d aqebban, yes a a eddis, ula d taqer et n Orangina d tamec t tes a

eddis.

6-Acebbub-is yewzen amzun d win n yilemzi. (sb 178) Tanfalit-agi d taserwest ta erfit acku tes a akk iferdisen .

Awal yettwaknan: acebbub n Sliman Awal u ur kennun: acebbub n yilem i Allan n ukenni: amzun

Udem n ukenni: awzan.

Tilin n yiferdisen-agi de tefyirt :

(59)

A ric wis kra

Ta le t

61

Deg tenfalit-agi amaru icuba acebbub n Sliman er ucebbun n yilemzi deg luzana, imi acebbub-is yewzen, iseggem yeq ed.

7-Tebda tejma t. Me yan d S id, agemma , la sikkiden deg-s amzun d tacequft n umezgun. (sb 135)

Tanfalit-agi d ta erfit acku icuba A er B. Taseddast n userwes :

Awal yettwaknan: tajma t

Awal u ur kennun: tacequft umezgun Allan n ukenni: amzun

Udem n ukenni: Asikked, anezzeh.

Awal yettwaknan+Udem n ukenni+Allal n ukenni+Awal u ur kennun

Tajma t asikked amzun tacequft umezgun

Deg tenfalit-agi amaru icuba li ala n tejma t er tceqquft umezgun, imi

(60)

62 8-Dda Utudert amzun d emmi. (sb 149)

Tanfalit- agi d timsegzit ackuiferdisen n userwes ur d- banen ara akk.

Awal yettwaknan: Dda Utudert

Awal u ur kennun: emmi Allan n ukenni: amzun

Udem n ukenni: Ø

Awal yettwaknan+Allal n ukenni+Awal u ur kennun

Dda Utudert amzun emmi

Deg tenfalit-agi icuba Utudert er emm-is imi ziz fella-s da en ittqadar-it.

9-Acu-tt tikli-agi-nwen, amzun d im aren. (sb 149)

Tanfalit-agi d takanit ta erfit acku iferdisen-is akk banen-d . Taseddast n userwes :

Awal yettwaknan: d ameqqim (kenwi) Awal u ur kennun: im aren

Allan n ukenni: amzun Udem n ukenni: tikli.