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Bishop-Phelps Cones and Convexity: Applications to Stability of Vector Optimization Problems

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HAL Id: inria-00073885

https://hal.inria.fr/inria-00073885

Submitted on 24 May 2006

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Bishop-Phelps Cones and Convexity: Applications to Stability of Vector Optimization Problems

Ewa M. Bednarczuk

To cite this version:

Ewa M. Bednarczuk. Bishop-Phelps Cones and Convexity: Applications to Stability of Vector Opti-

mization Problems. [Research Report] RR-2806, INRIA. 1996, pp.11. �inria-00073885�

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ISSN 0249-6399

a p p o r t

d e r e c h e r c h e

INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET EN AUTOMATIQUE

Bishop-Phelps cones and convexity: applications to stability of vector optimization problems.

Ewa M.Bednarczuk

N˚ 2806

Février 1996

PROGRAMME 6

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Unité de recherche INRIA Lorraine, Technopôle de Nancy-Brabois, Campus scientifique, 615 rue du Jardin Botanique, BP 101, 54600 VILLERS LÈS NANCY

Unité de recherche INRIA Rennes, Irisa, Campus universitaire de Beaulieu, 35042 RENNES Cedex Unité de recherche INRIA Rhône-Alpes, 46 avenue Félix Viallet, 38031 GRENOBLE Cedex 1

Unité de recherche INRIA Rocquencourt, Domaine de Voluceau, Rocquencourt, BP 105, 78153 LE CHESNAY Cedex Unité de recherche INRIA Sophia-Antipolis, 2004 route des Lucioles, BP 93, 06902 SOPHIA-ANTIPOLIS Cedex

Éditeur

INRIA, Domaine de Voluceau, Rocquencourt, BP 105, 78153 LE CHESNAY Cedex (France)

ISSN 0249-6399

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Unité de recherche INRIA Rocquencourt, Domaine de Voluceau, Rocquencourt, BP 105, 78153 LE CHESNAY Cedex Unité de recherche INRIA Sophia-Antipolis, 2004 route des Lucioles, BP 93,

Unité de recherche INRIA Rocquencourt, Domaine de Voluceau, Rocquencourt, BP 105, 78153 LE CHESNAY Cedex Unité de recherche INRIA Sophia-Antipolis, 2004 route des Lucioles, BP 93,

Unité de recherche INRIA Rocquencourt, Domaine de Voluceau, Rocquencourt, BP 105, 78153 LE CHESNAY Cedex Unité de recherche INRIA Sophia-Antipolis, 2004 route des Lucioles, BP 93,