Synthesis and characterization of Cu x Si x Fe 2-2x O 4 spinnel ferrites produced by the ceramic technic
S.OUYAHIA1*, K TAIBI1
1Laboratoire de Science et Génie des Matériaux Université des sciences et de la technologie Houari
Boumediene Alger, Algerie saidouyahia90@yahoo.com
A.Rais2
2Laboratoire des Sciences et technique de l’Environnement et de la Valorisation,
Université de Mostaganem Mostaganem, Algerie.
Abstract— Spinel copper ferrites Cu1+xMxFe2-2xO4(M=Si) with (0.2x0.5) were synthesized by the double sintering ceramic technique and characterized using X-ray diffraction VSM and SEM, diffraction patterns show that all samples have a single- phase. the magnetic properties of the nanocomposites were investigated, the scanning electron microscope (SEM) with EDS analyser were performed to show micrographs aggregates and confirm the stoichiometry of the compound.
Keywords—Cu-Ti Ferrites; Spinel; XRD; VSM; SEM, EDS.
I. INTRODUCTION
In the last few years many studies have concentered in the magnetic materiel. Mixed metallic oxides especially spinels having the general formula AB2O4were the unit cell contains 32 oxygen atoms in cubic close packing with 16 octahedral (B) and 8 tetrahedral (A) occupied sites [1]. Because of their electrical and magnetic properties, soft spinel ferrites are widely used for several kinds of industrial applications such as photo catalysis for treatment of waters information storage systems, cores for high-frequency transformers, and antennas for radio receivers. Various substitutions have been incorporated in these materials to achieve the desired characteristics and investigations are focused on Cu1+xMxFe2- 2xO4 (M=Si) mixed spinel ferrites because they have interesting structural, electrical and magnetic properties [2-6].
Many researches are focused in the substitution of tetravalent ions in Cu-ferrite with Ge and Ti [7-8], in this paper we report the effect of Si ion in the structural and magnetic properties
II. EXPERIMENTAL
The conventional double sintering technique was used to prepare samples of Cu1+xSixFe2-2xO4at 1050°c for 24 hours at composition X=0.1 and 0.5 The details of samples preparation are described elsewhere [9].The single-phase spinel structure was confirmed by the X-ray diffraction spectrum of these samples obtained with a Panalytical X’Pert Pro diffractometer using CuK α radiation (λ=
1.5406 Å). The scan's range was kept the same for all samples 2θ=
15°–100° using a step size of 0.02 with sample time of 10 s. The microstructure and sample morphology were examined with analytical scanning electron microscope (ASEM) JEOL; JSM6360.
The ASEM is coupled with an energy dispersive system (EDS, EDAX) for elementary composition analysis of samples The magnetization measurements on all the samples under investigation were performed using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM Microsens EV9) to show the variation of the saturation magnetization (Msat), remnant magnetization (Mr) and coercive force (Hc) with substitution of Si in Cu ferrite.
III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
the scanning electron microscope (SEM) coupled with EDS and the observations with backscattered electron images confirm well the samples purity. A representative EDS graph in Fig.1 for sample of Cu content x =0.2 shows a homogeneous composition of the expected stoichiometry. The SEM micrograph of Fig. 2 is in morphological and compositional modes for sample, X-ray diffraction patterns indicated that all samples are formed in a single spinel phase Fig. 3 example X=0.2. the variation of the lattice parameter was calculated for each sample and is listed in Table.1 The increasing trend with Cu content is attributed to the replacement of smaller Fe ions by a larger ionic radius of the Si.
Fig. 1. EDS pattern of sample x= 0.2for qualitative and quantitative
Fig. 2. SEM micrographe X=0.2
Fig. 3. The X-ray diffraction pattern forCu1+xSixFe2-2xO4of samples x= 0,2.
Table. I lattice parameter of Cu1+xSixFe2-2xO4.
X aDRX(Å)
0,2 8,361
0,3 8,368
0,4 8,362
0,5 8,395
Magnetic hysteresis loops are summarized in Fig. 4.
Various magnetic characteristics such as maximum magnetization (Ms) magnetic remanence (Mr) and coercivity (Hc) were obtained from the hysteresis loops and presented in Table 2.
Fig. 4. M–H curves of Cu1+xSixFe2-2xO4X=0.2,0.5.
Table. II magneticproperties ofCu1+xSixFe2-2xO4.
Proprieties X=0.2 X=0.5
Coercivité Hc(Oe) 240.177 215.661
Rémanence Mr(emu) 1.37 291.469E-3
Saturation Ms(emu) 3.611 763.096E-3
IV.CONCLUSION
Several investigations have been performed in Cu1+xSixFe2- 2xO4. Works are and still ongoing. Confirmation of the cubic and tetragonal phases for some spinnels ferrites Enhancing of the magnetic properties due to the concentration of the silicium Raman and Mossbauer spectroscopy will confirm cation distribution.
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