Event Manager Prototype

The event manager supports the direct asynchronous access to the NSA. This means that this module publishes an interface towards the middleware for sub-scribing to events which the UPnP network generates. The event manager archi-tecture is a variant of the observer design pattern specialized on managing the asynchronous events of the UPnP network.

Table 13.3 The

SecurityManager interface Methods Description

secService Request a secure service

registerTrustedDevice Add a UPnP device to the trusted list unregisterTrustedDevice Remove a UPnP device from

the trusted list

encryption Cipher the arguments values of an action

Table 13.4 The

SecurityAgent interface Methods Description

secService Implements the UPnP secService UPnP action dechiper Dechiper the arguments values of the secService getCertificate Implements the getCertificate UPnP action.

Return this security agent’s public key

CAR GATEWAY UPnP DEVICE

SecurityManager CP TargetDevice SecurityAgentService someService(PARAMS)

secService(UUID,"someService",PARAMS)

secService("someService", Epk(PARAMS)) validateURL(UUID)

Middleware

calculate Epk(PARAMS)

calculate PARAMS = E'pk(PARAMS) someService(PARAMS)

RES

calculate Epk(RES) Epk(RES)

calculate RES = E'pk(RES) RES RES

Fig. 13.5 Internal and the external (UPnP) message exchange

13 Secure Gateway Interoperability 195

There are two event classes the event manager can dispatch: The events coming from the UPnP devices; the UPnP core catches such events from the network and propagates them up to the event manager. Secondly, the events the NSA generates.

The control point is the source of such events which are dispatched whenever a device or a service connect, update or disconnect from the network. By gathering together these two event classes, the event manager continuously supplies updated information about the current state of the UPnP services and their availability.

The UPnP Events module is built from the Subscription Manager and the Notification bundles. These two modules share libraries and the common software architecture in the UML diagram (Fig.13.6).

13.7.1 Subscription Manager

The EventSubscriptionService interface allows any EventListener either sub-scribing or unsubsub-scribing the UPnP events. By default, when an EventListener subscribes to the SubscriptionManager this will be notified whenever the NSA control point listens an UPnP event. But the listeners can also configure their subscription preferences. This should be done through the configureSub-scriptionmethod, which allows specifying a regular expression describing the family, type or name of the devices a subscriber is interested in. In this way, a subscriber can easily select, for example, the events coming from any QoS device, with the next call.

The SubscriptionManagerclass implements aEventSubscriptionService inter-face. It stores and updates a list of subscription profiles where the subscription

Fig. 13.6 The UPnP Event Manager software architecture

196 Á. Reina et al.

preferences for eachEventListenerare specified. The subscription preferences are stored in a SubscriptionProfile object. Attributes within a profile store the fol-lowing parameters.

• ServiceFamily: This parameter can be used to describe all the services belonging to a UPnP standard, as for example the AV architecture, the QoS architecture, etc.

• ServiceType: The service type refers to one specific UPnP device, as for example the QoS Manager, the QoS Policy Holder or the QoS Device, all of them belonging to the QoS architecture family.

• ServiceName: The service name refers to the friendly name of a specific UPnP device. This parameter usually identifies only one device in a network. The Unique Device Name (UDN) can be used rather than the friendly name.

A subscription profile stores an array of device identifiers matching configu-ration preferences after the subscription manager parses the regular expression.

13.7.2 Notification Manager

A notification manager gets a list of event listeners from a subscription manager instance and notifies the subscribers. The notification manager acts as an event listener subscribed to all the UPnP event sources. While subscribing directly from the middleware modules and applications to the UPnP stack may cause the con-gestion of the middleware platform and extra processing time in the subscribers, the notification manager filters the events received and forwards them only to the interested subscribers.

13.8 Conclusions

A Network Service Access layer enables a car-gateway middleware to share internal services towards a VAN which has been described in detail. Such a layer allows interoperability between the OSGi framework and the UPnP service protocol in both directions. Furthermore, it provides the ontology that connects OSGi to UPnP concepts. This new approach shows that quality of service and security issues are inherent to any mobile environment but specially in vehicular networks. In particular, a new security schema for UPnP networks is provided.

Since the NSA provides a platform for fast prototyping of mobile distributed applications over services networks, the contributions of this approach are sig-nificant for middleware developers as well as for any on-board embedded systems industry. A more complex security architecture dealing with all UPnP protocol phases is forecasted for the near future. Also it is planned to upgrade to the UPnP Security standard.

13 Secure Gateway Interoperability 197

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Chapter 14