HAL Id: inria-00074280
https://hal.inria.fr/inria-00074280
Submitted on 24 May 2006
HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- entific research documents, whether they are pub- lished or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.
L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.
An Implementation of Global Flush Primitives Using Counters
M. Ahuja, Michel Raynal
To cite this version:
M. Ahuja, Michel Raynal. An Implementation of Global Flush Primitives Using Counters. [Research Report] RR-2395, INRIA. 1994. �inria-00074280�
ISSN 0249-6399
a p p o r t
d e r e c h e r c h e
INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET EN AUTOMATIQUE
An Implementation of Global Flush Primitives Using Counters
M. Ahuja, M. Raynal
N˚ 2395
Novembre 1994
PROGRAMME 1
40"56*'$
798:<;>=@?ACBED798GFHAJI>KAMLEBNB
OCPNQMRMPSUTT5V%WYX)ZP[N\@]_^VE[`^abPVEced>SUPSgfhfjiV`fkVEcml>n>SMcoVEcqp@V%p@QMrbrsV#VEc#l@PbsVEcoVESUa@t
V#^couvc,^EiV#T5VEcpw]xc,^P,]_nbasVEc
OCPQwy.V#^Zp@d
zqSUdbd{QMP^p@VPVE[N\bV#P[\bV|rH}~wMM<XeQU MV#T3nbPV5WEMU<X3d>SJRMVEc
#E>UM!VCdbPVEcoV#r^SJr]kTd@fkV#TV#r^SJ^,]_QMr3QUqNMjw ¡O¢P,]_T3]_^,]_ MVEca>c£]_rbR[`QMabr^NV#Pc#¤
¥\@]xc<]_T5d@f_V#T5V#r@^SU^o]kQwr[`Qc,^c<[`QMT5d>SUPSJn@fkV^Q¦^\bV§TQc,^f]_RM\@^,¨6V`]_RM\@^<]_T5d@f_V#T5V#r^`SU^,]_QMr©QU
[#SUa>cNSfªQMP`p@V#P,]_rbR>¤¥\@a>c#lSJ^6SH[`QwT5d>SUPSUn@f_V[`Qc,^Elw^\bVdbPVEc,V#r@^VEp3]_T5d@f_V#T5V#r@^SU^o]kQwrV#rbP,]x[\bVEc
«abr>[`^,]_QMr>Sf]_^,u%[`QMT5d>SJPVEp^Q[#SUa>cSgfQMPp@V#P,]_rbR>¬MSwcqqNMjw ¡OCP,]_T3]_^,]_ MVEcd{V#PT3]_^CT§SUw]_rbR
SUr SMcc,V#PN^,]_QMr®SUn>Qwab^qT5VEccSJRMVEcqc,V#r@^]_r®^\bVd>Swc,^qQUc,V#r>pw]_rbR°¯ lv]kr¦^\bV«ab^abPVQJ¢c,V#r>pw]_rbR
¯ l@SUn>QMab^±n>QM^N\lMQMPCrbV`]_^\bV#PEl@¨q\bV#PNVq^\bVqd>SMco^SUr>p3^\bV«ab^abPVQUSUr3V# MV#r@^C]xc±p@V`²>rbVEp5a>c£]_rbR
^\bVPV`fxSU^,]_QMr9³`\>SUdbd>V#rbVEp´n{V`µQwPVM¤·¶¹¸c£]_rbR9qw·£M `¡ºO¢P,]_T3]_^,]_ MVEc#lCSTVEccSURMV[#SUr!n>V
c,V#r@^q^QSUruc,abn>c,V#^eQUdbPNQv[`VEccoVEcc,d{VE[N]²>VEp»SwcqS3d>SUPSJT5V#^V#PE¤
¼¾½¿À,Á3ªUÃMÄMur>[N\bPQMr@]_ÅESU^o]kQwrlCZYcour>[N\bPQMrbQMa>c3Æe]xc,^Po]knbab^NVEp©OCPQMRwPSUT5T3]_rbR ÄMubc,^V#T§cml
ÇÈ°[N]_V#r>[`uMlOCSUPSff_V`fÉ SM[N\@]krbVEcml>Ê]_RM\bË«d{V#P,«QMPT§SUr>[`VÌQMT5dbab^o]krbRSUr>p¦ÌQwT5T3abr@]Í[#SJ^,]_QMr¤
εÏ3Ð
Ñ,Ò,ÓEÔ
Ð
ÑCÕCÖkÒ.×ÙØEÚ
ÛbÜNÝ«ÞßUÜàáÛbÜNÝjÜoâãâ·äjâªÛåÝ«æ#ç,ä.á«áÙè·àéYêwä,ë«ë«ä,Ý«á,ìgí{æâvîmì·ï`ìMðãñjÜNà#ò`è·ä.ݱïóó`îô£õ
ö.÷
ä,øEë,õEæNùªúGæ`û6øÞEë«ä,Ýümçjè·ä,àç.äÜàßHýbàéè·àä.ä,ÝÙè·àéEìbþàmè·òä,Ý«áÙè·ëÙÿæNùªúÜoâãèãùkæ`Ý«à#èhÜmìvüÜà
÷
è·ä.é`æìóî'èãâ·ûqÜNà
÷
ÝÙè·òä`ìbêÜæNâãâhÜmìvú!ó `ómïïì! "$# gõ%'&mè·áCÝ«ä,á«äoÜNÝ«ç(&è·áCá«ÞøEøUæ`Ý«ë«ä.ß è·àHøUÜÝ«ë*)#ÿ,+ü.-
ÞàEßEä,ÝéÝjÜNà#ë«á0/1µÛ32mómïï`ï!!#îqÜNàEß,/1«Û4µó ó5 Eõ
öjö1$61«ü±ì úÜNûøEÞEáGßä87{äoÜNÞ#âãè·ä,Þwì9`î :6Gä,àEàä,áú<;ä.ßä=Uì-60+úý?>@AB.C>CD>UõE%'&mè·áFªæ`Ý$G:FÜNá
á«ÞøEøUæÝ«ë«ä,ßè·àøgÜNÝ«ë)#ÿ5ë$&Eäý>üÛ"61H%øÝ«æñ«ä,ç.ëI76J'
÷
úüK%9ðL+Þû:)Uä,ÝI55`ôæNùë$&äYúæûû±è·á«áÙè·æàæNù
ýåÞEÝ«æ`øgäÜNà%úGæ`ûûÞà#è·ëÙè·ä,á,õ
Unite´ de recherche INRIA Rennes
IRISA, Campus universitaire de Beaulieu, 35042 RENNES Cedex (France) Te´le´phone : (33) 99 84 71 00 – Te´le´copie : (33) 99 84 71 71
E $"3* $± e"%*'$
½v½ ÌV#^5SUP^o]Í[Nf_VdbPbsVEc,V#r@^V5abrbVT3]xc,VV#r´QV#ab @PV®p@VfãV#r>c,V#T3n@f_V»p@VdbP,]_T3]_^,]_ MVEc
[`QMrbr@abVEccoQMa>c'f_VqrbQMT¹p@V! MNM#"qM `¡¤@ÌVEcdbPo]kT ]k^o]k wVEcCd>V#PNT5V#^^V#r@^p@V±S]_PVp@VEcCSMcc,V#P^o]kQwr>c
c,abP<f_Vd>SMcc@sV5V#^<f_Vµab^NabP%p@VEc3T5VEcNcSURMVEc#¤Çff_VEc<]_r>[Nf_abV#r^[`QMT5T5V[#SMc<d>SUP^,]x[`a@f]_V#P5fãQMP`p@PV
[#SUa>cNSfj¤%$]kTd@fV#T5V#r@^SU^,]_QMrdbPQwd>Qc@sV#VVEc,^«QMr>p±ss V#Vc,abPf_VEc[`QMT5db^V#abP`c#¤
& Â{E#À(')½ ¦V`È°[#SM[N]_^bsVMl@T§Sw[\@]_rbVEc±d>SUPSffjiV`f_VEc#lbc,u@r>[N\bPQMr@]xcSU^,]_QMrlbc,ubc,^EiV#T5VEcCPbsV#d>SUP^o]Íc±SMc,u@rbË
[N\bPQMrbVEc#¤
* "C
Zc,u@r>[\bPQwrbQMa>cqpw]xc,^P,]_nbab^VEp¦c,ubc,^V#T§c±PVEc,VESJP[\lJ]_r®^\bVd>SMc,^El@\>SMc±n{V#V#rT§S]_r@f_uT5QM^,]_ gSJ^VEp
n@u5^\bVrbV#VEp5^NQ]_T5dbPQU MVeSJa@fk^^QJfkV#P`SUr>[`VM¤MZc,u@r>[\bPQwrbQMa>cpw]Íco^P,]_nbab^VEpc,ubc,^V#T§cmlM\bQU¨V# MV#PEl
[#SUr´Sfxc,Qn>V5a>coVEp ^Q]_T5dbPQU MV3d>V#PoµQMPNT§SUr>[`V5QMPPNVEp@a>[`V§pw]xc,^P,]_nbab^VEp@Ë«dbPQwRMPSUT V`tvVE[`ab^,]_QMr
^,]_T5VM¤¥'Qg¨qSUP`pbc^\@]xc#l±¨qS]_^c<nu´dbPQb[`VEcc,VEc µQMP3PVE[`V`]_ w]_rbR©T5VEccSURwVEc3n>VE[`QMTV]_T5d>QwP^SUr@^E¤
ÌCf_VESUPofkuMl{SHdbPNQMRMPSUT ¨ ]hff\>S MV\@]_RM\bV#PË«d{V#P,µQwPT§SUr>[`V]SU^V`tbVE[`ab^,]_QMr^,]_T5VdbPQb[`VEcc,VEc±\>S MV
^Q¨qS]_^f_VEccoV#PµQMPPVE[`V`]_ w]krbRTVEccSURMVEcm¤g¥'QYSg]kT SU^\@]_RM\bV#PË«d>V#PoµQMPNT§SUr>[`VMl]j¤ãVqSqPNVEp@a>[`^,]_QMr<]kr
dbPQb[`VEcc¨qS]_^c¢«QMPqPVE[`V`]_ w]_rbR§T5VEcNcSURMVEc#l@PV`«V#PV#r>[`V·~dbPNQMd>QcoVEp´qh@M£hw `¡§OCP,]_T3]_^,]_ MVEc
«QMP§S nbPQSMpb[#Swc,^5V#r@ M]_PQMrbTV#r^El±SUr>p©PV`«V#PV#r>[`VãqdbPVEcoV#r^VEp|qNMjw ¡©OCP,]_T3]_^,]_ MVEc
«QMPHc,V#r>pw]_rbR!ST5VEccSJRMV5^QSUr@uºcoabn>c,V#^QUqdbPQb[`VEcc,VEcHcod>VE[N]²>VEp SwcHSd>SUPSJT5V#^V#PE¤±qw·
w ¡®OCPo]kT ]k^o]k wVEce]ÍcS5c,a@]_^V<QUµQMabPdbP,]_T3]_^,]_ MVEce«QMPc,V#r>pw]_rbRT5VEccSJRMVH¯ c,a>[N\®^N\>SU^qVESM[N\
c,d{VE[N]²>VEcQMrbVQU^\bVe«QUffkQU¨]_rbRC^\bV#PV]xcrbQ3PVEc,^NP,]x[`^,]_QMr®QMr^\bVQMP`p@V#P6QJPVE[`V`]_db^QJ¯
SUr>pºT5VEccSURwVEcc,V#r^]_r´^\bV3d>SMc,^mµab^abPNV%QJ c,V#r>pw]_rbR!¯ abr@fkVEcNc%cod>VE[N]²>VEp´nu¦^\bV5QMdb^o]kQwr>c
a>c,VEp «QMPQw^\bV#PT5VEcNcSURMVEc#¬WTVEccSURMVEcCcoV#r^]_r^\bVd>SMc,^CQUc,V#r>pw]_rbR ¯ T%a>co^n{VPVE[`V`]_ MVEp
n{V`µQMPNV¯ ¬.~GT5VEccSJRMVEcCc,V#r@^]kr^\bV±µab^abPNVqQUcoV#r>pw]krbR3¯|T%a>co^Cn>VqPVE[`V`]_ MVEpSµ^NV#P¯ ¬MSUr>p
. TVEccSURMVEcec,V#r^±]_r®^N\bVd>SMc,^#«ab^abPVQUc,V#r>pw]_rbR°¯T3a>c,^qn{VPVE[`V`]_ MVEpn{V`µQMPNVgS«^V#Pq¯ ¤
¥\bVd>Swc,^qSUr>p5^N\bVq«ab^abPVQUSUrV# MV#r@^±]Ícep@V`²>rbVEpa>c£]_rbR5^\bVPV`fxSU^,]_QMr!³`\>SUdbd{V#rbVEpn{V`µQMPNVE¶
_W!£lgSMc]xcCSfxc,Qp@QMrbV±]kr3QM^N\bV#PPV`f_V# USUr^co^a>pw]_VEc"·@lUblWmvl@WEbl@W!#j¤U¥\bVEc,V±dbP,]_T3]_^,]_ MVEcCPVEp@a>[`V
¨qS]_^c nu S¾PVE[`V`]_ MV#P3dbPQb[`VEcc$.SUr>p PVEp@a>[`V^\bVPVEc,V!%wabV#r>[N]_rbR p@V`fxSEu&nu¦]_r>[`PVESMc.]krbR ^\bV
r@abT3n>V#PQUCd>QcNc£]_n@fkVQMPp@V#Pc ]_r»¨e\@]Í[N\ T5VEccSJRMVEc[#SJr®n>V3PVE[`V`]_ MVEp [`QMTd>SUPVEp^NQ5T5VEccSJRMV
PVE[`V`]_db^]_r ^\bVHQwPp@V#PQJ6c,V#r>pw]_rbR>¤¥\@]xcqPNVEp@a>[`^,]_QMr \>SMcqn{V#V#r!c,\bQU¨qr'(#^Q5n{V c.]kRwr@]h²ª[#SJr^
¨q\bV#r^\bVqd>Swc,^6SUr>p ^\bV«ab^abPVqQUSUrV# MV#r^¢]xcp@V`²>rbVEpa>c£]_rbRH^N\bVPV`fxSU^o]kQwr»³Nf_Qv[#Sgfªn>V`«QMPVM¬¶
SUr>p^N\@]Íc±PVEp@a>[`^o]kQwr]Íc±V`tbd>VE[`^VEp¾^Q]_r>[`PVESwc,VMl@¨q\bV#r^\bVd>SMc,^6SJr>p^\bVq«ab^abPVQUSUrV# MV#r@^
]xcp@V`²>rbVEp5a>c.]krbR3^\bVePV`fxSU^,]_QMr!³`\>SUdbd>V#rbVEpn>V`«QMPVMl¶HSMc¢¨6Vp@Q>¤)q^\bV#PPNVEc,VESUP[N\bV#Pc"+*b\>S MV
Sfxc,Qd>QJ]kr@^VEp¾^Q3^\bVHrbV#VEp°µQMPPVEp@a>[`^o]kQwr]_r®^\bV<PVEc,V!%wabV#r>[N]_rbR°p@V`fxSuM¤
,jr»Swpbpw]k^o]kQwr»^NQ5^\bV\@]_RM\bV#Pd>V#PoµQMPNT§SUr>[`VMlb^\bVEcoVHdbP,]_T3]_^,]_ MVEcQ-V#PqSUrbQM^N\bV#PSMp@ gSJr^SJRMV
^\>SJ^H]xc<d>SUP^o]Í[`a@fxSUPofku´a>c,V`«a@fµQMP3c,ubc,^V#Tp@VEc£]_RMr¤C¸c.]krbRº²>Pc,^H^N\bPV#V§QJ^\bVEc,VdbP,]_T3]_^,]_ MVEc#l
¨V%co\bQMa@fxp®n{V5SUn@f_V%^NQ°p@VEc£]_RMr!Sf_RMQwP,]_^\bT§ce^\>SU^Elb¨e\bV#rºcoabd>V#P,]_T5d{Qc,VEp QMr SUr®abr>p@V#Pofkuw]_rbR
[`QMTdbab^SU^,]_QMrl>p@QrbQM^]_r^NV#P,µV#PNVH¨]_^\^\bVH[`QwT5dbab^SU^,]_QMr/.M¤
0bQMPHSnbPQSMpb[#Swc,^V#r w]_PQMrbT5V#r@^ElGPV`«V#PV#r>[`V1~!CR@SE wV SJdbd@fh]x[#SU^o]kQwr>cQU32 <µQMPHSgfkRwQMË
P,]_^\bTcC«QMPC^V#PNT3]_r>SU^,]_QMr§p@V#^VE[`^o]kQwr¬M]xp@V#r@^,]µuw]_rbR§[`QMr>c£]xc,^NV#r^[`ab^c"43j¬wPVE[`QMPpw]_rbR3c,r>SUd>c,\bQM^`c
jRJfkQwn>Sf c,r>SJd>c,\bQM^c¨]_^\bQwab^%[N\>SUrbrbV`fxc%co^SU^VEc`¬>PVE[`QwPpw]_rbR®RUf_QMn>Sfqc,r>SUd>c,\bQw^c#¬{]_T5d@f_V#T5V#rbË
^,]_rbR!S®co\>SUPVEp ^QMMV#r¬SUr>p´SM[#[`VEcc.]krbR PV#d@f]x[#SU^VEp©pbSJ^Sa>c£]_rbR T3ab^a>SfV`t>[Nf_a>c£]_QMr¤OCPo]kT ]kË
5
%'&UÜë è·á,ìGèãù6á«ä,àEßmè·àEéæ`ÝÝ«ä,ç,ä£è·øEëæNù6Ü3ûä.á«ájÜNé`ä%æNùë$&Eä<ÞEàßEä,ÝÙâ·ÿ`è·àEé¦ç.æ`ûøEÞëjÜëÙè·æ`à¦è·áàæëè·à.&#è)#è·ë«ä,ß
F'&ä,à§ë$&äYÜoâ·éæ`ÝÙè·ë$&Eû|è·áqàæëá«Þøgä,ÝÙè·ûøUæá«ä,ßwìë$&Eä,àè·ëIFGæÞmâ·ß§àæë<)gäeè·à&mè)#è·ë«ä,ß F'&Eä,à5ë$&äHÜ,â·é`æ`ÝÙè·ë$&Eû è·á
á«Þøgä,ÝÙè·ûøUæá«ä,ßwõ%'&#è·áGøEÝ«æ`øUä,Ý«ëxÿ±è·áÞá«äjù_Þmâgù_æ`Ý>ûqÜNà#ÿ ÜNøEømâãè·çÜëÙè·æ`àUá,ìMäõéEõ#Ü,â·é`æ`ÝÙè·ë$&Eûáù_æ`Ý>øÝ«æé`ÝjÜû´ç,æÝ«Ý«ä,ç,ëÙè·æ`à
ë«æ#æNâ·áð_ßä)EÞEé`é`ä.Ýjôæ`Ýûæ`à#è·ë«æ`ÝÙè·àEéæù>á«ÿ#á«ë«ä,ûá,õ
6'6 à26 `óî
^,]_ MVEc ]_T5d@f_V#T5V#r@^VEp\bV#PV3[#SUrn>V<a>c,VEp«QMPq^\bVEc,VHSJdbd@fh]x[#SU^o]kQwr>c]_r»S RMV#rbV#PSfV#r@ w]kPNQMrbT5V#r@^
]_r®¨e\@]Í[N\»S T5VEccSURwV]Ícc,V#r@^q^Q5S5c,abn>coV#^QUdbPQv[`VEcNc,VEc#¤
ÌCf_VESUP,f_uMlU^\bVC]xccoabVqQU>V`È°[N]_V#r>[`uHQJb]kTd@fkV#TV#r^SJ^,]_QMr§p@V#^V#PT ]krbVEc w]xSUn@]f]k^,u5QJ>^\bVEc,VdbPo]kË
T3]_^,]_ MVEcm¤ 0åQMPS3nbPQ@SMpb[#SMc,^qV#r@ w]kPNQMrbT5V#r@^ElbPV`«V#PV#r>[`V ~SMpbp@PVEcNc,VEcq^N\@]Íc ]xcc,abV3c,a>[#[`VEcc£«a@ffku
SUr>p´dbPNVEc,V#r^`c5SUr ]kTd@fkV#TV#r^SJ^,]_QMra>c£]_rbR©[`QMabr@^V#Pc<^\>SU^3\>SMc5[`Q@c,^c3[`QMT5d>SUP`SUn@f_V^Q ^\bV
T5Q@c,^f]_RM\^e¨6V`]_RM\@^]_T5d@f_V#T5V#r@^SU^,]_QMr QUC[#SUa>cSfnbPNQSMpb[#SMc,^ Ìq̱ZHÄ¥ ·j¤,jr®^N\@]Íc d>SUd>V#P
¨VV`tb^V#r>p^\@]xc±]_T5d@f_V#T5V#r@^SU^o]kQwr»^NQ»qNMjw ¡OCP,]_T3]_^,]_ MVEc «QMPc,V#r>pw]_rbRS3T5VEccSJRMV^Q
S¦c,abn>c,V#^HQJ6dbPQb[`VEcc,VEc#¤ ,jr´^\bV5dbPQb[`VEcc ¨6V5Sfxc,Q¦V`tv^NV#r>p!p@V`²>r@]_^,]_QMr©QU"qw ¡w!! «
·~ b«PQMT¹S<nbPQSMpb[#Swc,^CV#r w]_PQMrbT5V#r@^^Q%SJr5V#r w]_PQMrbT5V#r@^±]_r§¨q\@]x[N\°S T5VEccSJRMV[#SUrn>Vc,V#r@^
^Q´S!c,abn>c,V#^5QJYdbPQb[`VEcc,VEcm¤¥\@]xc5V`tb^V#r>c£]_QMr ]_r MQJfk wVEc3T§S]_r@^S]_r@]_rbR!]_r "qw ¡w!! «
^,¨Q5[`QMabr^NV#Pc±d>V#P[N\>SUrbrbV`f]_r®^N\bVYc,ubc,^V#T SMc QMdbd>QcoVEp^Q3^.¨Q3[`QMabr^NV#Pcd>V#PedbPQv[`VEcNc]kr
^\bVnbPQSwpb[#SMc,^V#r@ M]_PQMrbTV#r^ ·~" ]kr©SnbPNQSMpb[#SMc,^V#r@ w]kPNQMrbT5V#r@^ElCc£]_r>[`V§VESM[N\´T5VEccSURwVH]xc
c,V#r@^q^QV# MV#PuQM^\bV#PqdbPQb[`VEcc#lvµQMP^N\bV#PVHT3a>c,^n>V3SUrQMab^RwQU]_rbR§[\>SJrbrbV`f^Q3V# MV#PNu§QM^N\bV#P
dbPQb[`VEccqSJr>p^\bVH[`QMabr@^V#Pc±«QMPVESM[N\QU^\bVEc,VH[N\>SUrbrbV`fxce¨]fhfCSf_¨ Subc±\>SE wV^\bVHcNSUT5V gSgfkabV
SUr>pcoQ SgfhfCc,a>[\[`QMabr@^V#Pcq[#SJr§n{VT5V#PRMVEp]_r^Q3QMrbV«QMPG¬vcoQ5^\bVe]kTd@fkV#TV#r^SJ^,]_QMr®QU ·~
[#SUr¦n>V3c,V#V#r®SMcqS3d>SJP^,]x[`a@fxSUPY[#Swc,VQUC^\bVQMrbVdbPVEc,V#r@^VEp°]kr¦^\@]xcqd>SJd>V#PE¤4
ÌQMT5d>SUPNVEp®^NQ®[#SUa>cSfCQMPp@V#P,]_rbR ·C¨q\@]x[\ ]_r@ MQUf_ MVEc T§S]_r^`S]_r@]krbR MVE[`^NQMP^o]kTV5¨q\@]x[\
]xcQMrbV5[`QMabr@^V#Pd>V#PH[N\>SUrbrbV`fC]_r»^N\bV couvc,^NV#T ^\@]xce]_T5d@f_V#T5V#r@^SU^,]_QMrº]kr@ MQUf_ MVEcTS]_r^Sg]kr@]_rbR
"qw ¡M !! « N l¨q\@]x[N\SMc¨V5TV#r^,]_QMrbVEp´PNV!%Ma@]_PVEc<^,¨Q®[`QMabr^NV#Pc<d>V#P5[\>SJrbrbV`f ¤C¥\@]xc
]_r>[`PVESMcoV3]_r!^\bV§[`Qco^El>¨V3^\@]_rbGl{]Íc T§SUPRJ]kr>Sgf¢SUr>p»]Íc¨QMPN^\®^\bVPVEc,a@f_^,]_rbR®RSg]kr>cml{]¤VM¤SUr
SUn@]f]_^,u§^Q]_T5d@f_V#T5V#r@^3qw·£M `¡ O¢P,]_T3]_^,]_ MVEc±¨q\@]x[\]_r>[`PVESMc,V^\bVqr@abT3n>V#PQUGQMPp@V#Pc]kr
¨q\@]x[N\ TVEccSURMV5[#SUr n>V5PVE[`V`]_ MVEp´[`QMT5d>SJPVEp ^Q®[#SUa>cNSfQMPp@V#P,]_rbR>¤¥ \@]Íc ]_T5d@f_V#T5V#r@^SU^,]_QMr
]xcqSUr]_T5dbPNQg wV#T5V#r^QU MV#P^\bVe]_T5d@f_V#T5V#r^`SU^,]_QMr®dbPNVEc,V#r^NVEp]kr ÍW!ªn{VE[#SUa>c,V<^\@]xca>c,VEc±QMr@f_u
^,¨Q5[`QMabr^NV#Pc±d>V#P[N\>SUrbrbV`fjlb\>SMcS3r>SU^NabPSfªPNV`]kr@]_^,]xSf]_ÅESU^,]_QMr QU[`QMabr@^V#Pc#l@a>c,VEcS< MVE[`^QwP Swc
QMdbd{Qc,VEp¾^Q§S3T§SJ^P,]tlbSUr>p]xcc£]_T5d@f_V#PE¤
&%%${e 5e
¥\bVqSMcour>[N\bPQMrbQMa>cpw]xc,^P,]_nbab^VEpc,uvco^V#T [`QwT5dbP,]xc,VEcCS ²>r@]k^NVqrabT3n{V#P1QJ>dbPQv[`VEcNc,VEc jVESM[N\
QUq¨q\@]x[N\!]xc M]_V#¨VEp SwcHS®coV!%MabV#r>[`VQUqV# MV#r@^cq^\>SU^H[`QwT5T3abr@]Í[#SJ^V§¨ ]k^N\!VESM[N\!QM^\bV#P<nu
SMcour>[N\bPQMrbQMa>cc,V#r>pw]_rbR SJr>p©PVE[`V`]_db^QUT5VEccSJRMVEc§SgfkQwrbR SUr@u©QUH^\bV¾²>r@]_^V rabT3n>V#PQU
abr@]xpw]_PVE[`^,]_QMr>Sf[N\>SUrbrbV`fxc#¤G!V3a>c,Vl@l@lSUr>p 3^QPV`µV#P^NQ§dbPQb[`VEcc,VEcmlSUr>p¦a>c,V"!$#&%'^Q
PV`«V#PH^NQ°S[N\>SUrbrbV`f«PQMT( ^NQ)¤G V%a>coV+* -,/.·¯ ^Q®p@V#rbQM^NV5V# MV#r@^QU c,V#r>pw]_rbR ¯ ^NQ®S
c,d{VE[N]²>VEp»coV#^6QJdbPQb[`VEcc,VEc/,H¬@¨q\bV#rbV# wV#P0, ]Íc rbQM^PV`f_V# gSUr@^Elb¨Va>c,V1* .¯ C^Q5p@V#rbQM^NV^\bV
c,V#r>p V# MV#r@^E¤¥ \bV§V# MV#r@^"* -,/.·¯ QwP"* ,¯ ]Íc3SU^NQMT3]x[U¤!Va>c,V32'<^Q p@V#rbQM^VSPVE[`V`]_db^
V# MV#r@^SU^4@¬>SUr>pa>c,V5 ' .¯76^Q§p@V#rbQM^NV0<PVE[`V`]_ M]_rbR®¯76«¤bZ PVE[`V`]_db^V# MV#r@^]xcSU^QMT3]x[U¤0åQMP
1$+86 1L
ST5VEccSJRMVH¯76xl{¨VPV`µV#Pe^Q§ST5VEccSURwVHc,V#r^ ]kr ^\bVd>Swc,^QJ * .¯76n@u®¯ SUr>p¦S3T5VEccSJRMV
c,V#r@^]_r®^N\bV«ab^abPVQU* .¯ 6n@u°¯ 66¤
Z dbPQv[`VEcNc+ PVE[`V`]_ MVEc¯76qn@u©V`tvVE[`ab^o]krbR9[`QMT5T§SJr>p !! .¯76
.¯76
.°¯76
!l
¨q\bV#PNV§¯
6
k @l¯
6 {lSUr>p ¯
6 `SUPV3 gSUPo]ÍSJn@fkVEc<^Q¨q\@]x[N\ SUPV5SMcc.]kRwrbVEp ^\bV3]xp@V#r@^,]²>V#PHQU
^\bVHcoV#r>p@V#P6QJ¯76«lM^\bV^,ud{VQU¯76 .p@V`²>rbVEpn@u5^\bVdbP,]_T3]_^,]_ MVHa>coVEp5^Q5c,V#r>p¯76lbSUr>p^\bV
[`QMr@^V#r@^cCQJ¯
6
lwPVEc,d{VE[`^,]_ MV`f_uM¤Ze«^V#P]xcc,a@]_rbR5^\bVq[`QMT5TSUr>pGl e¨qS]_^cCabr@^,]fª¯
6
]xcp@V`f]_ MV#PVEp
^Q ]k^¤
$GV#^ 5n{Vq^\bVc,V#^CQUªc,V#r>p3SUr>p<PVE[`V`]_db^CV# MV#r@^c^\>SU^\>SUdbd{V#rH]_r5^N\bV couvc,^NV#T®¤#!VqSMccoabT5V
^\>SJ^CrbQ%c,dbabP,]_QMa>c±T5VEcNcSURMVEcCSUPNV Swpbp@VEp§SUr>p T5VEccSURwV6^NPSUr>c,T3]xcc.]kQwr5^SUMVEc'²>r@]_^V^,]_T5VM¤w!V
SMcNc,abT5V^\>SU^3VESM[N\´T5VEccSURwV5]xc5c,V#r@^5a>c£]_rbR!QwabP%dbPo]kT ]k^o]k wVEc#¤ V§T§SJMV§rbQ´SMcc,abT5db^o]kQwr>c
SUn{QMab^q^\bV<PV`fxSU^,]_ MVHc,d{V#VEp¦QUdbPQb[`VEcc,VEc#¤
¥\bVHc,ubc,^V#T1\>SMc±«QMabPqdbP,]_T3]_^,]_ MVEc<U£ l`j &'lª`£ lbSUr>p Ù£ l@SUr>p¨VPV`«V#P
^Q®STVEccSURMV5¯
6
c,V#r@^a>c£]_rbR®^\bV#T n@u
6
l
6
l
6
lªSJr>p
6
lGPVEc,d{VE[`^,]_ MV`f_uM¤!V3PV`µV#P^NQ^\bV
«QMabPqdbP,]_T3]_^,]_ MVEc[`QJfhf_VE[`^,]_ MV`f_u SMc32 HSUr>p¾RU]_ MV^\bV`]_Pp@V`²>r@]k^o]kQwr>ceµPQwT j¤
½Í_ ½ '_bÍÂ! #"$%$½G½vÃ'&H½#(jÂG½*),+.-0/214365Y8797 :<;"=# >&> ?
@ > _ Ù¡ 3Mx4m E Ù © 6 # m¡' Ù¡
@ 66 6AB?C
66
¡@:797 : Ù¡
# D7 ,&# `
¡:77 &&? MÙ 5 E 66GF Ù¡1 # H7 ! 2 « Ù¡D7 ,&# ` *I E&KJ>
A4LMC
_ H)*NAx¯OC5 P
66 Í Ù¡ !7 C4¯Q>RAHS:C Ù¡! T Í Ù H
62U #¡ Ù¡
@
6
6@ 66
½Í_ÂV-6?W>m3Â( ½#XG½{
6 3
Y$
6[Z]\
U^P
@ 6._
½Í_Âa`b?cG)½®ÂP(©½#XG½>
63
d 6DZ]\
66
^P
6@ 66._
½Í_Â/ J. ! «eJ 3!¯ 6 Í q # . « J. ! «eJ fA `95J hg wx 3 ! «iJ jICY¯
* -,/.·¯ [klY* -, 6.·¯76 P Ù¡ ! "KT Í Ù #¡ Ù¡ mk ,on , 6> ' .¯ [kld '.¯76 -
½Í_Âqpq? 6.3 r 6 Í q && CM D7 !HJj & s tw!# > u7/ H m
x® r
6
U, ! «eJ 3 Ù¡! # ` 3 Ù¡! m # ! U.!! «eJ U
6
½Í_Âavb?
63 w
6
Í 6%¯
6 Gw G7 !£ *s M!m > U, ! «iJ
m # > Ù¡ Í ?>=xY¯ . . ,/., 6 +* , .¯ [klY* -, 6.·¯76 zy {k ,|n , 6
' ,¯ [klY ' .¯ 6 -
6'6 à26 `óî
½Í_Â?6.3 6&_ ¯76> && >w 7 `£ # ` U, ! «eJ#
.> Ù¡ Í :>/=xY¯ 66. 6., 6., 66 * , 66.·¯ 66Nk6d * -, 6.·¯ 6 %y) 6 k , 6 n , 66
&6
.¯ 66 k d
6 .¯ 6 -
½Í_Âb
63 6 _ H®¯ 6 & Cw N7 ! Ù£ s M# > U, ! «iJ
m # < 7># ` U, ! «eJ#
=x¯ .¯766. .&6. ,/., 6., 66
* -,/.·¯ k Y* -, 6.·¯ 6 ly Uk ,|n , 6
y* , 66.·¯766Nk6d * -, 6.·¯76 ly 6k , 6tn , 66
',¯ [klY ' .¯
6 ly 6
.¯
66 kld
6 .¯
6 -
eQM^V5^N\>SU^^N\bV3µabr>[`^o]kQwr!QU S
[#SJrbrbQM^n>V§Sw[\@]_V# MVEp a>c£]_rbR±cSUr>p6#c#¤GZefxc,Q>lGrbQM^V^\>SU^
^\bVQwPp@V#P]_r®¨q\@]x[N\»SUr{3[#SUrn{VPVE[`V`]_ MVEp¾]xcPVEc,^Po]Í[`^NVEpp@abVH^Q3PVEc,^NP,]x[`^,]_QMr>ccod>VE[N]²>VEp¦nu
QM^N\bV#PqT5VEccSJRMVEc#¤
,jr ^\bV5c,V!%wabV`flG¨V<a>c,V® q^NQ5PV`«V#P^Q§SUr!¯ ^N\>SU^q]xcV`]_^\bV#P QMP
lE ^Q§PNV`µV#P^QSUr
¯ ^\>SU^ ]ÍcV`]_^\bV#P QMP le^Q5PNV`µV#P^QSUr»¯ ^\>SU^ ]ÍcV`]_^\bV#P QMP Ul{SUr>pf
^Q5PV`«V#P^Q
SUr ¯ ^\>SU^±]xcqV`]_^\bV#PN¦QMP
¤
2 ®[#SUrn{V]_T5d@f_V#T5V#r@^VEp a>c£]_rbR 0Ëj[\>SJrbrbV`fÍc _Wj¤ 0Ëj[N\>SUrbrbV`fxc[#SUrn{V]_T5d@f_V#T5V#rbË
^VEp¾a>c£]_rbR°SJruQMrbVT5VE[N\>SUr@]xc,T SUT5QMrbR>l@VM¤ãRc,V`f_VE[`^,]_ MV >Q@Qvpw]_rbR ·jl{[`QMabr^NV#Pc _WE~@lGW3!£lQwP
SM[N@rbQg¨ fkVEp@RwT5V#r^`c#lGQMP%S[`QwT%n@]_r>SU^o]kQwr QU^\bV5^\bPNV#VM¤ÄMQ2 §[#SJr Sfxc,Qn>V]_T5d@f_V#T5V#rbË
^VEp´a>c.]krbR´SUru QMrbVT5VE[N\>SUr@]xc,TSUT5QwrbR>lVM¤ãR!c,V`f_VE[`^,]_ MV>Q@Qvpw]_rbR>l±[`QMabr^NV#Pc#lQMP5SM[NrbQU¨qË
f_VEp@RMT5V#r@^c#l±QMP5S![`QMT3n@]_r>SU^,]_QMr QU^\bV¦^\bPV#VM¤Zr©]_T5d@f_V#T5V#r@^SU^,]_QMr a>c£]_rbR SUr@u´QUY^N\bVEc,V
T5VE[N\>SUr@]xc,T§cml{]h6cod>VE[N]²ª[#Sff_u p@VEc£]_RMrbVEp¦«QMP52± %[#SUr®n{V3T5QMPVV`È°[N]_V#r@^^\>SUr SUr]_T5d@f_V#Ë
T5V#r@^SU^o]kQwr5QUq2 a>c£]_rbR 0Ëj[N\>SUrbrbV`fxc±¨q\@]x[\®SJPV]_T5d@f_V#T5V#r@^VEpa>c£]_rbR3^\>SU^TVE[\>SUr@]xc,T¦¤
,£r®^\@]xced>SUd>V#Pq¨VHp@V#T5Qwr>c,^PSU^NV^\@]xcqa>c£]_rbR§[`Qwabr^V#P`c#¤
&%"%$'&M- C*M#
¥'Qf_VESMp3a>c^QSc£]_T5d@f_VqdbPVEc,V#r@^SU^o]kQwr%QJª^\bV±]_T5d@f_V#T5V#r@^SU^,]_QMrlw\bV#PVMlU¨V6V`tb^V#r>p3p@V`²>r@]_^,]_QMr
QU " w `¡M « ·~{«PQMT S<nbPQ@SMpb[#SMc,^V#r@ M]_PQMrbTV#r^^Q5SUrV#r w]_PQMrbT5V#r@^]_r¨q\@]x[N\®S
T5VEcNcSURMV[#SUrn>Vc,V#r^^Q3S3c,abn>c,V#^QUdbPQb[`VEcc,VEc#¤@!Vp@V#rbQM^V^\bVPVEc,a@f_^,]_rbR5^,]_T5VEc,^`SUT5dnu
lb¨e\@]Í[N\]xcSMcc£]_RMrbVEp¾ gSf_abVEca>c£]_rbR "qM `¡M « N E Jª¤/0'f_a>c,\bË« MVE[`^NQMPËj[Nf_Qv[NQU l
!]xcS
MVE[`^NQMPQUV`f_V#T5V#r@^c±QMrbVjV`f_V#T5V#r@^Cd>V#Pqabr@]xpw]_PVE[`^,]_QMr>Sf[N\>SUrbrbV`fj¤>Çf_V#T5V#r@^c±QU^\@]xc wVE[`^QMP
SUPNV SJPPSUrbRMVEpY]_r5^\bV±f_V`t]x[`QMRMP`SUdb\@]x[qQMP`p@V#PSUTQMrbRY[N\>SUrbrbV`fxcCa>c.]krbR<d>S]_Pc·c,V#r>p@V#PlUPVE[`V`]_ MV#P
«QMP%[N\>SUrbrbV`fxc#¤Çf_V#T5V#r^3QU
!3QMP
µQMP3[\>SJrbrbV`f ! % ¨]ffn>VPV`«V#PPVEp ^Q®SMc
! .QwP
SMc
. £¤>¥\bV5cSUT5V
]xcSMcc£]_RMrbVEpº^Q)* .¯ 6SJr>p»¯ 6 SUr>p¾]xcHp@V#rbQM^NVEp®n@u * .¯ 6 SUr>p
¯76
¤ ±up@VEc£]_RMrlGS5PVE[`V`]_ MV<V# MV#r@^]xcqrbQM^SMcc.]kRwrbVEp®S
¤0'f_a>c,\bË« wVE[`^QMPË«^,]_T5V ]xcqQUCRMV#rbV#PSgf
a>c,V3¨]_^\¦PVEc,d{VE[`^^Q5d>Qw^V#r^o]ÍSgf¢[#SUa>cNSf]k^,uQU6Sgfhf* ,¯
6
±]kr6 ´SUr>p]xcedbPV`«V#PSUn@f_V3^Q§ wVE[`^QMP
1$+86 1L
^,]_T5V·@l>Wm >c£]_r>[`VMlbSU^6S<[`QMT5d>SUPSJn@fkV[`Qc,^ElJ]k^±dbPQU M]xp@VEc±T5QMPNVqPVESMc,Qwr@]krbR<d>QU¨V#P6SUr>p P,]x[\bV#P
«abr>[`^,]_QMr>Sf]_^,uMlVM¤ãR{¤a>c,V]_r´]_T5d@f_V#T5V#r@^,]_rbR 0q̱ZHÄ¥qc<¨q\@]x[N\´]_r>[`PVESMc,V^\bVr@abT3n>V#P3QU
d{Qcc£]_n@f_V3QMPp@V#Pc±]_r¦¨q\@]x[\¦T5VEccSURwVEcq[#SUrn>V<PVE[`V`]_ MVEp [`QMT5d>SUPNVEp^QÌ eÌZHÄ¥ec ·j¤
!V»p@VEc£]_RMr S0qNMw ¡ > !E µQwP°S l±¨q\@]x[\9V`tbVE[`ab^VEcSU^^\bV
cSJT5V°c.]k^NV°SMc lV`tbVE[`ab^VEc'lT§S]_r@^S]_r>c
!5Swc¨V§c,\>Sffpw]xc[`a>cc#l±SMcc£]_RMr>c * .¯76
SUr>p
¯ 6
lbPNVE[`V`]k wVEcqT5VEcNcSURMVEc±«QMP ¦c,V#r^n@u°SUr@udbPQv[`VEcNc#lªSJr>pp@V`fh]_ MV#P`cT5VEccSURwVEc^Q ¤¥\bV
^P`SUr>c,T3]xcc£]_QMrQJ¢SUr¯76>^NQ!» °µQMPqS<PVE[`V`]_ MV#PV#r^`S]fÍc ^PSUr>c,T ]ÍcNc£]_QMrQUC^\bVq]xp@V#r@^,]²>V#P
QUC^\bVHc,V#r>p@V#PQU¯ 6l^N\bVH^,ud{VQU¯ 6lb^\bVH¯ 6
lbSUr>p¾^\bVH[`QMr@^V#r@^c±QU¢¯ 6 ¤
ÌV#r^NPSfC^Q^\bV§p@VEc£]_RMr QU
!]xc ^\bV3]xp@VESQUqn>SU^`[\@]_rbRT5VEccNSURMVEcHcoV#r^n@u»S¾dbPQv[`VEcNc
^Q5SUrbQw^\bV#PdbPQv[`VEcNcqc,a>[N\§^\>SJ^6Qwr°c,V#r>pw]_rbRQUS e^\bVH[`abPPV#r@^n>SU^[N\°[Nf_Qc,VEceSUr>pS<rbV#¨
n>SU^`[\QMd>V#r>cm¤v¸c£]_rbR3^\@]xc¢]Íp@VESål^,¨QH[`QMabr@^V#PcSUPVeT§S]_r^`S]_rbVEpnu »µQwPV# MV#Pu"! #&%' l
¨q\@]x[N\§^NQMRMV#^\bV#P'µQwPT
!. j¤#¥\bV²>Pco^[`QMabr^NV#P]Íc
!.
7ªlU¨q\@]x[\ ]Íc¢^\bVqr@abT3n>V#PCQU
jQMP[Nf_Qc,VEpn>SU^[N\bVEcc,V#r@^C]_r^\bVqd SMco^6Sf_QMrbR1!$#&%'E¤M¥ \bVYc,VE[`Qwr>p§[`QMabr@^V#P¢]Íc
!.
E £l
¨q\@]x[N\5]xc±^\bVqr@abT3n>V#P±QUT5VEccSURwVEcc,V#r@^c ]_r>[`V^\bVfxSMc,^ b¨qSMcCcoV#r^ jQMPC^\bV[`abPNPV#r^±n>SU^[N\
¨qSMc QMd>V#rbVEp&Sf_QMrbR ! #&%' ¤ÇSw[\!V`f_V#T5V#r@^
! .G]xc3Sd>Sg]kP<QUq^,¨6Q]_r^NV#RMV#Pc#¤'!V5rbQM^VS
PV`fxSU^o]kQwr>c,\@]_d§n{V#^.¨V#V#r3^,¨Q]_r^V#RwV#PcQUªc,a>[N\§Sed>S]_PE¬
!.
@]xcCPV`]_r@]_^,]xSf]_Å#VEp^Q q¨q\bV#r
! .
7]Íc']_r>[`PV#TV#r^VEp<n@uQMrbVM¤E¥\@]xcCc,abRwRMVEc,^cG^N\>SU^c,a>[N\5Sd>S]_P[#SUrHn{VC]_T5d@f_V#T5V#r@^VEp
a>c£]_rbRQMrbV<¨QMPpU¤ 0åQMPqd>S]_PcQU]_r^NV#RMV#Pc#låf_V#^ p@V#rbQM^V<^\bVf_V`t@]x[`QMRMPSUdb\@]x[3QwPp@V#P,]_rbR>¤{!V
p@V`²>rbV SJr>p0PNV`fÍSJ^,]_QMr>cQMr^,¨Q >a>c,\bË« MVE[`^QwPËj[Nf_Qv[N® USf_abVEcQMPq^,¨Q%^o]kTVEc,^SUT5d>c
c#l>Swc
«QUff_Qg¨c
½Í_ ½ '_bÍ à ©Á3 ªÀ4XG½vJ#ªÀ('_ÂXb ' G½vmª`Á% ½b## $
i3
F "qM `¡M !! « N h JEwh# H F # « 7>
?>
P
# m¡ ! % .
.
P
Ù¡ KT Í Ù ! #&%' # m¡ Ù¡
.
.
÷
ä£âãè·òä,ÝjÜ)#èãâãèhëÙÿ5æNùÜeûä.á«ájÜNé`ä6ßä,øgä,àßEáæ`à3ë$&Eä±ç.æ`ûûÞà#è·çÜëÙè·æ`àÜÝ«ç&#è·ë«ä,ç,ë«ÞEÝ«äÜNàEß FGèãâãâ')gäßmè·á«ç.Þá«á«ä,ß
âhÜNë«ä,Ýgûä,á«ájÜé`ä,áûqÜ,ÿI)UäCßEä£âãè·ò`ä,Ý«ä.ßè·àHÜNàqæ`Ý«ßEä,ÝßmèJä,Ý«ä,à#ë'ùkÝ«æ`û´ë$&EäCæ`Ý«ßEä,ÝæNùvë$&äjè·ÝÜÝ«ÝÙè·òÜoâ>Üë "!$#&%('ù_æ`Ý
ë$&äÝ«ä,ç,äjè·ò`ä,Ý,ìF &#è·ç(&ûqÜ,ÿ<)gä±ß#èMä,Ý«ä,à#ëù_Ý«æ`û©ë$&EäCæ`Ý«ßEä,ÝæNù>ë$&Eä£è·Ýá«ä,àß#è·àEéõ
)
6Gä,çÜoâãâ+*gÝ«á«ëGë$&gÜNë,
Ö
ßä.àæë«ä,áÜCûä,á«ájÜNéäCë$&UÜëGûqÜ,ÿ)Uää£è·ë$&Eä,ÝÜ-æÝÜ.GÜàßqá«ä,ç,æàßë$&UÜëGàEæ±ûä.á«ájÜNé`ä
çÜNà0/2143
×NÑ65jÖ
%67
Ñ
Ü8,
Öõ
9;:=<>@?:=A4BDCE<
Ò , Ö
çÜNà)gäGÝ«ä,øEÝ«ä,á«ä,à#ë«ä,ßI)#ÿë$&äF*gÝ«á«ëHG
ðâ·äÜNá«ë>áÙè·é`à#è*UçoÜNà#ëjô)mè·ë«áÜNàEß
:=<>@?:=A4BDCE<
, ÖØ
)#ÿë$&EäGàäE=#ë
G )
)#è·ë«áæNùvÜ*FGæÝ«ßeæùIG
)KJ G
)#è·ë«á,õá«áÙè·éàmè·àEéqá«Þç(&qá«ä,ûqÜNà#ëÙè·ç.á'Ý«ä.ßÞEç,ä,áGë$&Eäç.æ`á«ëGæù@æÞÝ>è·ûømâ·ä.ûä,à#ëjÜNëÙè·æà
ù_æ`ÝÜ,âãâøEÝjÜNç,ëÙè·çÜ,âøEÞÝ«øUæá«ä,áqÜàß3û ÜoÿàEæ`ëçÜÞá«äqÜà#ÿ<æòä,ÝMLUæ!F ç,æ`ûøgÜNÝ«ä.ß3ë«æÞEá«äqæNùëLFGæIFGæ`Ý«ßEá¢èãùNG
è·á
çÜNÝ«äjù_Þmâãâ·ÿá«äjâ·ä,ç,ë«ä,ßMõ -æ`Ýä=EÜûø#â·ä`ìUù_æ`ÝKG
) J G O
5ÜNàEß&G
O
#ìMÜáâ·æàéYÜNáCïôGë$&EäCà#Þû:)Uä,ÝæNù>á«ä,àEßEá
Üoâ·æàé6Üç &gÜNàEàEä£â)Uä,ëLFGä,ä,àëHFªæá«ÞEç,ç,ä,á«áÙè·òäP,
Ö
á,ìÜNàEßI ôåë$&EäGà#ÞEû )Uä.ÝGæNùQ,
Ö
áá«ä,à#ëªÜoâ·æ`àEéCë$&Eä'ç(&gÜNàEàä£â_ìEäÜç&Mìè·á
àæë{û6æ`Ý«äë$&UÜà 9R)
ðxÜ)UæÞë *)#èãâãâãè·æ#àájô£ìgë$&mè·áGÝ«ä.øÝ«ä,á«ä.à#ëjÜNëÙè·æ`àßæ#ä.á{àEæ`ëbâ·äÜNßqë«æÜàæò`ä,ÝMLgæ!F¢õK-ÞÝ«ë$&Eä,Ý,ì#û6æ`Ý«ä
LUäE=`è)mèãâãèhëÙÿè·àÜ,ò`æè·ßmè·àEéæòä,ÝMLUæ!F®çÜNà )gäÜNç(&mè·ä,òä,ß )#ÿqøÝ«æò`è·ß#è·àéYÜNàYÜ)#èãâãè·ëÙÿHë«æ±ç(&UÜàéäPG
)#ÿÜá«á«æ#ç£èhÜNëÙè·àEé
FGè·ë$&äÜNç(&ä£â·ä.ûä,à#ëCÜò`ÜÝÙèhÜ)#â·äë$&gÜNëéNè·òä,áè·ë«áò`Ü,â·Þäõ
6'6 à26 `óî
¸c£]_rbR5p@V`²>r@]_^,]_QMr1*¨Vq¨eP,]_^VqPa@f_VEc¢µQwPabdªpbSJ^,]_rbR
!±«QMPC^\bV» «QMP 5dbPVEcoV#r^VEp
rbV`tb^E¤Zq^SUr@u5^,]_T5VMlG ?U£ \>SwcT5VEccSJRMVEc±^\>SU^\>S MVYSJPP,]_ MVEpSU^^\bV «QMP
nbab^q\>S MVerbQM^n>V#V#rdbab^]_r^Qr E4!!,m4#j ! `¬E4!,mmj ! \>SMcSffT5VEccSJRMVEc±^\>SU^6SJPV
[`abPPNV#r^,f_u®p@V`f]_ MV#PSUn@f_V3^Q '¤
W b^PabV
@
{ÇtbVE[`ab^V4abr@^,]f]xccoabVEcSUr * -, 6.·¯ 6QwP SJr 2 #M¬
WM¤ÍW (]xcc,abVEp¦SUr * , 6.·¯76G½
WM¤ÍWM¤_W «QMPVESM[\ rk , 6
Ã'Â3
! .
m Z
! .
W Âñ¬
WM¤ÍWM¤·~/ * ,¯76 Z
!E¬{¯76
Z
!E¬åV`tvVE[`ab^V * -, 6 .·¯76QU¬
WM¤ÍWM¤·/ (6¯
6
]xcS® G½P
«QMPVESM[\ rk , 6Ã'Â3
! .
7 Z
!.
7 WM¬
!.!
E Z å¬ÂÃ
WM¤~/ (]xcc,abVEp¦SUr)2 # SUr>pf 4!,#4mj ! Z 3^\bV#r
WM¤~b¤_W [N\bQQcoVHSUru¯ 6 µPNQMT E4!!,m4#j ! `¬
WM¤~b¤·~/
Z¯76
¬@]¢¯76{]xcS® {«PQMT(<^\bV#r
. / ZH
./
7HWMl(¬
WM¤~b¤·/ ! Z9 #7tA
>
!MCM¬ H9\bV#PV ®p@V#rbQw^VEcq^N\bVV`fkV#TV#r^,¨]xc,V<T§St@]kT3abT a>c£]_rbR
WM¤~b¤ã p@V`f]_ MV#PY¯76G^Q/¬@V`tvVE[`ab^V12 #HQU¬{p@V`fkV#^NV%¯76{µPNQMT !,#4#£ %2
¥\bVrbV#^,¨6QwP5\>SMcqS T5VEccSURwVµQMP
@
SMpbp]_^^NQ° ?Jj ! ±«QMP G¬
ª ?Jj ! Z
@
rbQMrbËjp@V#^V#PT3]_r@]xc,^,]x[#Sff_u!c,V`f_VE[`^YSJr®¯µPQwT !:Uj ! `¬
][ 4!,#4#A C^\bV#r®Swpbp¯ ^QU !,#4#£ SUr>p¦p@V`fkV#^NV%¯«PQMT ?U£ ¬
0 E4!.@#40A C6]xcp@V`²>rbVEp¾µQMP^\bVRJ]k wV#r»[`QMT5T3abr@]x[#SU^,]_QMr SUn>c,^P`SM[`^,]_QMr>c
¥\bV ]_r@]k^o]ÍSgfh]_ÅESU^o]kQwr ]xc !,#4#£ lG ?U£ Z bl@«QMPqVESM[N\)3SUr>p+
! .
7 .
! .
Z . b¬
¥\bVµQJfhf_QU¨]_rbRfkQ@QMd¾]kr@ gSJP,]xSUr^`c«QUff_Qg¨ µPQwT p@V`²>r@]_^,]_QMr>c#¤
s8B
!.
Z0^\bV<rabT3n>V#PeQUTVEccSURMVEcec,V#r^qc,Q SUPenu1^Q3<S«^V#Pqc,V#r>pw]_rbR^\bV
fxSMc,^3 ^Q3w¤
s8L
!.
Z ^\bVr@abT%n{V#PQJ ,ccoV#r^coQ3 SJP6n@u1^Q3w¤
s?S
! .]xc3^\bV\@]_RM\bVEco^5 gSf_abV ja>c£]_rbR H^\>SJ^
! .C\>SMc<^SJMV#rlCSMc<d>V#PpbSU^S
c,^NPa>[`^abPVEcTS]_r^Sg]krbVEp¾nu"G¤
s bZeµ^NV#P^\bV ]_^V#PSU^,]_QMr ^\>SJ^f_VESMp¦^Q§c,V#r>pw]_rbRQUT5VEcNcSURMV<rabT3n>V#P j¨q\@]x[N\º[#SJr®n>V
T§Sg]kr@^S]_rbVEp¦SMcSUr°SJa@t]f]xSUPu gSJP,]xSUn@f_Vnu/^Q0<SUr>pRU]_ MV#r^\>SU^^\bVefxSMc,^% C^\>SU^c,V#r@^
^Q7¨qSMcqc,V#r>p¾rabT3n{V#PCn@u0¾^Q3Ml Z
!.
¤
ª½@ª½ Mx{¯Q>¯ 6* AÙ¯OC kbY$* ,¯ 6 * AÙ¯OC
* .¯ 6
W<EÂGÂP(0bQUff_QU¨c µPQwT¹]_r@ gSUPo]ÍSJr^cSUr>pSUr]_r>p@a>[`^,]_ MV5SUPNRMabT5V#r@^E¤
äÞá«äúüÛ
?
ï`ï
C
á«ÿ#à#ëjÜ=ðè_õäõ! "#ù_æ`ÝÜ'â·æ#æøwì$
?C
#ù_æ`ÝÜàÜoâ·ë«ä,Ý«àgÜNë«äCç,æûûqÜàßMìMÜàß &%##ù_æÝGÜCé`ÞgÜNÝ«ßMõô
1$+86 1L
)G° oe eo 9 5 å! #"%$'&(*#+,.-$
)qabP3^SMco®]xc ^Q»[`QMr>co^PS]_r!T5VEcNcSURMV5PNVE[`V`]kdb^`cHn@u dbPQb[`VEcc,VEc3c,a>[N\ ^\>SJ^T5VEccSURwVEcHSUPVPV#Ë
[`V`]_ MVEp´¨]_^\bQwab^% w]_QUfxSU^,]_rbR!SUr@u»QJ^\bV5PVEco^P,]x[`^,]_QMr>c#¤!V§p@Q!c,Q¦nu´p@VEc£]_RMr@]_rbR Sn{QQUf_VESUr
«abr>[`^,]_QMrq 4!,#4 .¯ 6q¨q\@]x[\9 «QMP a>c,VEc^Qp@V#^V#PT3]_rbV§p@V`f]_ MV#PSUn@]f]_^,u!QU6¯ 6
]_r®^N\bV§ !:U£ QU»¤
4!,#4 .¯
6
0åQMPSUr{
6 HzVE[#SffC^\>SU^SUr{
6[#SJrbrbQM^ U, ! «iJ 5SUr@u§Qw^\bV#PqT5VEccNSURMVM¤
]6Sff¯cec,a>[\^N\>SU^* , .¯ ]xc ]_r{Y$* -, 6.?
6 ¢SJr>p"n{V`fkQwrbRcq^NQ ,on , 6G\>S MVn{V#V#r»p@V`f]_ MV#PVEp
t HZeffc,a>[N\ .cq[#SJr®n>V ]xp@V#r^,]²>VEp¦a>c£]_rbRPa@f_V 5SUr>pSgfhfCc,a>[\´=cq[#SUrn{V]xp@V#r^o]h²>VEp¦a>c£]_rbRPa@f_V§WM¤
^N\bV#r®PV#^abPNr «]j¤ãVM¤j
6G]xc E4!,m ^Q
V`fxc,V<PV#^abPr #M E¬
0åQMPSUr{e6 HzVE[#SffC^\>SU^SUr{e6G[#SUrbrbQM^ J. ! «eJ m %S® £nbab^qT§Su U, ! «iJ 5SUr´=¤
]6Sff .cc,a>[N\^\>SU^* -,<lx ]Íc ]_r Y$* -,
6
.?e
6 SUr>p"¾n>V`f_QMrbRce^Q , n , 6
\>SE wVn>V#V#r»p@V`f]_ MV#PVEp
ÄMa>[\© ,cq[#SUrn>V ]xp@V#r^,]²>VEp¦a>c£]_rbRPa@f_V b¤
^\bV#r¦PV#^abPr ` ]¤VM¤e
6
]xc E4!,m ^Q
V`fxc,V<PV#^abPrO M E¬
'ͽb A# . && x ¦4[
# ` # HC°"! ¯ 6 1>
* -,/.x Í RY$* , 6.¯76 +lk , n , 6G 1TU ! « ®¯76
. / Ù 7oA >5 § C
:>
` #¡
F
Ù¡ & §
. / x 7! #¡ Ù¡ 2 . / Ù 7 ¯76
. x 7 >
P > G# Ù¡ m 5 &
'ͽq-!A# . && x ¦4[e m # m uC"& ¯76 P0>
* -,/._= Í rY$* -,
6
.¯
6 lk , n , 6
# KTg « $ Ù¡ #Mx
F =` 0
A4BMC 2` #¡% C # m¡ Ù¡ B0
. x 7 ©¯ 6 . / x 7 >v
. / k E W A >5
4C§=` F Ù¡® &
E
. / # m¡ Ù¡ 6E
./ x 7 Z%
./ Ù 7! PhB 1=
. # 1
. k E
A4LMC s4 Z¯ 6 1 Ù¡&¯ 6 . k m A { 5 !4C§=` F Ù¡=
.! x 7 Z¯ 6 . Ù 7
P & 3E
. k m
# m¡1 Ù¡ <B E
. k ¯ 6 .! E
· H¯76
. k E W{A { 5 !4C°E F Ù¡»E
. Ù 7%Z¯76
. Ù 7 E5=
%'&ä,á«ä 3ÙáÜNÝ«äCá«ä,à#ë')#ÿ )gä£ù_æ`Ý«äë$&EäâhÜNá«ëP,
Ö
á«ä,à#ë8)#ÿCë«æ : õ
%'&ä,á«ä 3ÙáÜNÝ«äCá«ä,à#ë')#ÿ±Ü,ù_ë«ä,Ýë$&EäâhÜNá«ëP,
Ö
á«ä,à#ë')#ÿë«æ : õ
6'6 à26 `óî
. k m
# m¡1 Ù¡ <B E
. k ¯ 6 .! E
ª½@ª½ - ªj(£½`¿t3 7ª4 Ù 52±
W<EÂGÂP(6 0åQMPSD
6SJr>pHSUr@uY¯766c,a>[\3^\>SJ^* .¯766>]xc]_r d *
64 l *
6>]xc]_r Y$* ,¯7664 ¤
ÊeV#r>[`VMlEn@ueµabr>[`^,]_QMrU 4!,#4 .¯764ªSUr>pPa@f_V bl#rbQqT5VEcNcSURMV J. ! «eJ m
6«¤&±ueµabr>[`^,]_QMr
4!,#4 .¯
6
SUr>p¾Pa@f_VEc 5SJr>p WMl>SUr{
6
p@Q@VEcqrbQw^ J. ! «eJ SUr@u5T5VEccSJRMVM¤
ª½@ª½ `lXª½PG½ve3 r F Ùx E4!! « ` #¡ m #
W<EÂGÂP(° DZSM[\ T5VEccSURwV coV#r^<^Q" ¨]ff n{V5PVE[`V`]_ MVEp nu ^\bV » QU´SMcT5VEccSJRMV
^P`SUr>c,T3]xcc£]_QMr ^Q^\bV® ¦]xcPV`f]ÍSJn@fkVM¤GZe^YS3RJ]k wV#r»^o]kTV%SffCT5VEccSURwVEcc,V#r@^q^Q1¦^\>SU^
\>S MVn>V#V#r´PVE[`V`]_ MVEp´n@u ©QU ´SUr>p!^N\>SU^H\>S MV5T ]kr@]_T§Sgf ^o]kTVEc,^SUT5d>c<SM[#[`QMPpw]_rbR
^Q ¨]ffHn>V!p@V`f]k wV#PSUn@f_VM¤u ]_r>p@a>[`^,]_QMr0QMr ^,]_T5VEc,^SUTd>cSUr>pc£]_r>[`V S » p@Q@VEc
rbQM^<]_r>p@V`²>r@]_^V`f_u0p@V`fÍSu©p@V`f]k wV#Pu©QUYS¦T5VEccNSURMV^\>SU^]xc5p@V`f]_ MV#PSJn@fkVMlVESw[\´T5VEccSJRMV§¨ ]hff
V# MV#r@^a>Sff_u®n{VE[`QMT5VHp@V`f]_ MV#PSUn@f_VM¤
ªÂbÁ 'ͽbà ½j>EeH V^\>SUrbHSJrbQMru@T5QMa>c'PV`«V#PV#VEcµQMP^\bV`]_PC\bV`f_d@µa@fª[`QwT5T5V#r@^c#¤
¹E*e±6$
_W É´¤Z\@aUyoSb¤±w ¡dbP,]_T3]_^,]_ MVEc µQwP Swc,ur>[N\bPQMrbQwa>cqpw]xc,^P,]_nbab^VEp¦c,uvco^V#T§c#¤ s # % x
,&# ` !N l@U/.~ · ªW~bl 0bV#n¤WM b¤
·~ É´¤EZ\aUySb¤wZYccoV#P^,]_QMr>cCSUn{QMab^Cd>SMc,^CSUr>p µab^NabPVC]_r5\@]_RM\@¨qSEubcef_QMn>Sf >a>c,\5nbPQSwpb[#SMc,^
SUr>p >a>co\bË« MVE[`^QMPË«^o]kTVM¤!s# 3 Ù , m ! #lqW£ * ·~åW v~ *bl )[`^NQMn>V#P
WEMMå¤
· É´¤MZ\aUySb¤GZr3]_T5d@f_V#T5V#r^`SU^,]_QMrQUCC¢¡ &E #¤s, b # ! Ù å Í ' P
6 * !< #l # (#w * # # 3 lUabrbV§WEwMb¤
ãÉ´¤Z\@aUySb¤ Zcc,V#P^o]kQwr>c SUn{QMab^´d>SMc,^©SUr>p «ab^abPV ÌQMT5T3abr@]x[#SU^,]_QMr|]_r S0\@]_RM\bË
d>V#P,«QMPTSUr>[`V°pw]xc,^NP,]_nbab^VEpc,ubc,^V#T \@]_RM\¨qSubc#¤1,£r67 . : U 1* 7vJ Ù 6U
,Mx4ª _ «# : . m MlUd>SJRMVEcq~U>W v~UM>¤,.DZÇÇql{ÆVE[`V#T%n{V#P%WMMb¤
· 3¤·O¤ ¢]_PT§SUrl'Z%¤¢Ä[\@]_d{V#PElCSUr>p O¤¢ÄM^V#db\bV#r>c,QMr¤$ª]kRw\^,¨V`]_RM\^3[#SUa>cSfqSUr>p!SU^NQMT3]x[
RMPQMabdT3a@f_^,]x[#SMc,^¤ , b # ! Ù å <7G * !< #l>.·~3g~ bbW`>lUZabË
RMa>c,^HWMbWM¤
(# ¥¤Ì6SJT5dl6O¤VESJPr>c#lSUr>pÉ´¤±Z\@aUyoSå¤ 0>SMc,^n>SU^[N\bVEppbSU^S ^PSJr>c£µV#P¨]_^\ >a>c,\
[\>SJrbrbV`fÍcm¤¥VE[N\br@]x[#SfzV#d{QMP^0É vM ªWwlE¥\bVÌQJfhf_V#RMVQUG]ff]xSUT SUr>p5É SUPNuMlWEwMb¤
1$+86 1L