+0641&7%6+10
/QVKH
.GOQPFGQÔPQWUXKXQPUUGVTCPUHQTOGTCRKFGOGPV7PG ÃXQNWVKQP KORQTVCPVG UOGUV RTQFWKVG FCPU NC UVTWEVWTG RQNKVKSWG FGU RC[U GV NOÃSWKNKDTG OKNKVCKTG C EJCPIÃ RNWUKGWTU HQKU 1P FÃDCV ´ NOÃEJGNNG KPVGTPCVKQPCNG FGU SWGUVKQPUEQPEGTPCPVNOGPXKTQPPGOGPVNCRTQRCICVKQPFGU OCNCFKGUGVNGUFTQKVUFGNCRGTUQPPG.CUEKGPEGGVNC VGEJPQNQIKGRTQITGUUGPV´WPT[VJOGITCPFKUUCPVVCPFKU SWOCRRTQEJGNG::+UKÂENGECWUGFGUOWVCVKQPUUQEKQ/ ÃEQPQOKSWGUUWTXGPCPVFCPUNGURC[UKPFWUVTKCNKUÃUPQWU RCUUQPU FG NC UQEKÃVÃ KPFWUVTKGNNG ´ NC UQEKÃVÃ FG NOKPHQTOCVKQP
2QWT TGNGXGT NGU FÃHKU FG NC UQEKÃVÃ NGU FKRNÏOÃU FGU ÃEQNGU UGEQPFCKTGU FQKXGPV RQUUÃFGT FG UQNKFGU EQPPCKUUCPEGUGPOCVJÃOCVKSWGUGVEQORTGPFTGEQOOGPV NGU EQPEGRVU OCVJÃOCVKSWGU KORTÂIPGPV NC XKG SWQVKFKGPPGNGUCHHCKTGUNOKPFWUVTKGNOGPXKTQPPGOGPVGVNC VGEJPQNQIKG+NUFQKXGPVUCKUKTNOWVKNKVÃGVNCFKXGTUKVÃFGU OCVJÃOCVKSWGU%OGUVRQWTSWQKKNNGWTHCWVEQPVKPWGT´
HCKTGRTGWXGFGETÃCVKXKVÃFCPUNGWTUTÃHNGZKQPUGVRQWT TÃINGT FGU RTQDNÂOGU GV IÃTGT NGU FQPPÃGU 7P GHHQTV UOKORQUGRQWTHCEKNKVGTNCEQQRÃTCVKQPNOKPVGTCEVKQPGVNC EQOOWPKECVKQPFCPUNGUENCUUGUFGOCVJÃOCVKSWGU
0CVWTGFGUOCVJÃOCVKSWGUCWPKXGCW UGEQPFCKTG
2QWT QTKGPVGT NC TÃHQTOG FGU OCVJÃOCVKSWGU ´ NOÃEQNG UGEQPFCKTGQPUOGUVKPURKTÃFW%WTTKEWNWOCPF'XCNWCVKQP 5VCPFCTFUHQT5EJQQN/CVJGOCVKEU0CVKQPCN%QWPEKNQH 6GCEJGTUQH/CVJGOCVKEU%GFQEWOGPVHCKVXCNQKT NC PÃEGUUKVÃFGUKVWGTNGUOCVJÃOCVKSWGUFWUGEQPFCKTG FCPUWPECFTGNCTIGGVCFCRVôNOÃXQNWVKQPFGRNWUGPRNWU TCRKFGFGNCUQEKÃVÃFGPQVTGVGORU8WNGUCVVGPVGUFGU GORNQ[GWTUGVFGUÃVCDNKUUGOGPVURQUVUGEQPFCKTGUVQWU NGU ÃNÂXGU UG FQKXGPV FG EQORTGPFTG NGU CURGEVU OCVJÃOCVKSWGU UQWULCEGPVU FOWP RTQDNÂOG FOÃNCDQTGT WPGUVTCVÃIKGRQWTNGTÃUQWFTGFGNGTÃUQWFTGGPTGEQWTCPV
´ FKXGTUGU VGEJPKSWGU GV FG EQQRÃTGT CXGE CWVTWK RQWT EQPEGXQKTFGUUQNWVKQPU
1P RTÃFKV SWG NGU FKRNÏOÃU FG NOÃEQNG UGEQPFCKTG FOCWLQWTFOJWKEJCPIGTQPVFGECTTKÂTGCWOQKPUSWCVTGQW EKPS HQKU FCPU NGWT XKG 2QWT EQPUVKVWGT WPG OCKP FOQGWXTGUQWRNGECRCDNGFOCRRTGPFTGGPRGTOCPGPEGQP FQKV FCPU NGU EQWTU FG OCVJÃOCVKSWGU CW UGEQPFCKTG OGVVTGNOCEEGPVUWTWPGHQTOGF[PCOKSWGFOCRRTGPVKUUCIG UEQNCKTGGVUWTNOÃNCTIKUUGOGPVFWEJCORFGUEQORÃVGPEGU EJG\VQWUNGUÃNÂXGU+NHCWVHQWTPKT´EGUFGTPKGTUFGU EQPVGZVGU QÔ KNU RQWTTQPV CRRTGPFTG ´ TÃUQWFTG FGU RTQDNÂOGU GV ´ CXQKT EQPHKCPEG GP NGWTU JCDKNGVÃU OCVJÃOCVKSWGU ´ TCKUQPPGT GV EQOOWPKSWGT FCPU NC NCPIWG FGU OCVJÃOCVKSWGU GV ´ CFQRVGT FGU CVVKVWFGU RQUKVKXGU HCEG CWZ WVKNKUCVKQPU GV ´ NC XCNGWT FGU OCVJÃOCVKSWGUFCPUNCUQEKÃVÃ
1PRGWVTÃRQPFTG´EGUDGUQKPUIT¸EG´WPRTQITCOOG FOÃVWFGUCZÃUWTNGUEQPEGRVUFQOKPCPVUUWKXCPVU
V %QPPCÉVTG NGU OCVJÃOCVKSWGU EOGUVHCKTG FGU
OCVJÃOCVKSWGU +N KORQTVG FG UQWNKIPGT SWG NC UEKGPEGOCVJÃOCVKSWGPGUGTÃUWOGRCU´WPGPUGODNG FOJCDKNGVÃU GV FG EQPEGRVU SWOKN HCWV CESWÃTKT GV OCÉVTKUGT .C TGEJGTEJG GP ÃFWECVKQP OQPVTG ENCKTGOGPV SWG NGU ÃNÂXGU CRRTGPPGPV NGU OCVJÃ OCVKSWGU SWCPF KNU EQPUVTWKUGPV NGWT RTQRTG EQORTÃJGPUKQPFGEGUFGTPKÂTGU#HKPFGEQORTGPFTG EGSWOKNUCRRTGPPGPVNGUÃNÂXGUFQKXGPVGZCOKPGT TGRTÃUGPVGTVTCPUHQTOGTTÃUQWFTGGVCRRNKSWGT
%GNCUGRTQFWKVNGOKGWZSWCPFKNUUQPVGPITQWRGU SWOKNU OÂPGPV FGU FKUEWUUKQPU GV SWOKNU HQPV FGU GZRQUÃU .OGPUGKIPGOGPV FGU OCVJÃOCVKSWGU FQKV OGVVTGNOCEEGPVUWTNGHCKTGGVPQPRCUUGWNGOGPVUWT NGUCXQKT
V .GUOCVJÃOCVKSWGUQPVFGUCRRNKECVKQPUFCPUFG PQODTGWZFQOCKPGU%GTVCKPUCURGEVUFGNCV¸EJG EQPUKUVCPV´HCKTGFGUOCVJÃOCVKSWGUQPVEJCPIÃCW EQWTU FGU FGTPKÂTGU CPPÃGU .GU VGEJPKSWGU SWCPVKVCVKXGUUQPVRTÃUGPVGUFCPURTGUSWGVQWVGUNGU FKUEKRNKPGUKPVGNNGEVWGNNGU.CECRCEKVÃFGNOQTFKPCVGWT FG VTCKVGT FG ITCPFGU SWCPVKVÃU FOKPHQTOCVKQPU TGPF RQUUKDNGU NC SWCPVKHKECVKQP GV NOCPCN[UG NQIKSWG FGU KPHQTOCVKQPUFCPUFGUFQOCKPGUVGNUSWGNGUCHHCKTGU NOÃEQPQOKGNCDKQNQIKGNCOÃFGEKPGGVNCUQEKQNQIKG .GU OCVKÂTGU VTCFKVKQPPGNNGU FGOGWTGPV EGTVGU FGU ÃNÃOGPVU KORQTVCPVU FW RTQITCOOG OCKU QP FÃNCKUUG RGW ´ RGW NGU TÃUWNVCVU FOCRRTGPVKUUCIG FQOKPÃU RCT NC OÃOQTKUCVKQP FG HCKVU GV FG RTQEÃFWTGU KUQNÃU GP HCXGWT FG RTQITCOOGU CZÃU UWTVQWV UWT NC EQORTÃJGPUKQP FGU EQPEGRVU NGU
TGRTÃUGPVCVKQPUGVNGUTGNCVKQPUOWNVKRNGUNGU KPJÃTGPVU´NCOQFÃNKUCVKQPGV´NCXKUWCNKUCVKQPFGU OQFÂNGU OCVJÃOCVKSWGU GV NC TÃUQNWVKQP FG RTQDNÂOGUOCVJÃOCVKSWGU
RTQDNÂOGU+NHCWVKPVÃITGTNGUKFÃGURTQRTGU´
NOCNIÂDTG GV ´ NC IÃQOÃVTKG NC TGRTÃUGPVCVKQP ITCRJKSWG LQWCPV CNQTU WP TÏNG EQPPGEVKH KORQTVCPV
V .OÃXQNWVKQPFGNCVGEJPQNQIKGGVNCOWNVKRNKECVKQP
FGUFQOCKPGUQÔNGUOCVJÃOCVKSWGUUOCRRNKSWGPV ENCKTFGUUKVWCVKQPUHCKUCPVCRRGNCWZEQPEGRVUFGEGVVG QPVGPVTCÉPÃWPGETQKUUCPEGGVWPGÃXQNWVKQPFGNC FKUEKRNKPG FOQÔ NG DGUQKP FG PQWXGNNGU HQTOGU FKUEKRNKPG OÄOG 1P RGWV TÃUWOGT EQOOG UWKV FOQTICPKUCVKQP FGU ENCUUGU FG OQFÂNGU FG EQOOW EQOOGPVNCVGEJPQNQIKGKPHNWGUWTNGRTQITCOOGFG PKECVKQPGVFGUVTCVÃIKGURÃFCIQIKSWGUNCRÃFCIQIKG
OCVJÃOCVKSWGU FKHHÃTGPVKGNNG .OGPUGKIPCPV POGUV RNWU NG UGWN
L EGTVCKPGUCRRNKECVKQPUFGUOCVJÃOCVKSWGUUQPV CPKOCVGWTGVWPFKTGEVGWTRÃFCIQIWGFQPVNGUITCPFU FGXGPWGU RNWU KORQTVCPVGU RCTEG SWG NC VGEJ TÏNGUUQPVNGUUWKXCPVU
PQNQIKGGPCDGUQKP
L EGTVCKPGU CRRNKECVKQPU FGU OCVJÃOCVKSWGU NOGPUGKIPGOGPV GV NOCRRTGPVKUUCIG FGU RGTFGPV FG NOKORQTVCPEG RCTEG SWG NC OCVJÃOCVKSWGU
VGEJPQNQIKGNGUTGORNCEG
L EGTVCKPGU CRRNKECVKQPU FGU OCVJÃOCVKSWGU V¸EJGUOCVJÃOCVKSWGURQWTCKFGTNGUÃNÂXGU´NGU FGXKGPPGPVRQUUKDNGURCTEGSWGNCVGEJPQNQIKG CVVGKPFTG
NGRGTOGV
0QPUGWNGOGPVNCPQWXGNNGVGEJPQNQIKGCTGPFWRNWU OCPKÂTGSWGNGUÃNÂXGUUCEJGPVOKGWZEGSWKGUV HCEKNGUNGUECNEWNUGVNOGZÃEWVKQPFGUITCRJKSWGUOCKU GPUGKIPÃGVSWGNOGPUGKIPCPVCKVWPGOGKNNGWTG GPEQTGGNNGCOQFKHKÃNCPCVWTGOÄOGFGURTQDNÂOGU KFÃGFGEGSWOKNUQPVEQORTKU
KORQTVCPVUGPOCVJÃOCVKSWGUGVNGUOÃVJQFGUSWGNGU
OCVJÃOCVKEKGPU GORNQKGPV RQWT NGU GZCOKPGT .C L CPCN[UGTNOCRRTGPVKUUCIGHCKVRCTNGUÃNÂXGUNGU VGEJPQNQIKG EJCPIG NGU OCVJÃOCVKSWGU GV NGWTU V¸EJGU OCVJÃOCVKSWGU GV NG EQPVGZVG CHKP FG WVKNKUCVKQPUGVKNGUVGUUGPVKGNFGFQPPGTCWZÃNÂXGU RTGPFTGEQPVKPWGNNGOGPVNGUFÃEKUKQPURÃFCIQ CEEÂU´FGUECNEWNCVTKEGU´FGUUKPGTFGUITCRJKSWGUGV IKSWGUPÃEGUUCKTGU
´ FGU QTFKPCVGWTU SWK NGWT RTQEWTGPV NGU CXCPVCIGU
V 1P RGWV COÃNKQTGT NOGPUGKIPGOGPV GV NOCRRTGP VKUUCIG FGU OCVJÃOCVKSWGU %G SWG NGU ÃNÂXGU CRRTGPPGPVGUVHQPFCOGPVCNGOGPVRGTÁWGEQOOGWP GPUGODNGFOQWVKNUKPVGNNGEVWGNURGTOGVVCPVFGVKTGTCW
RQWTXQ[GWT FG EQPPCKUUCPEGU EOGUV RNWVÏV WP
L ETÃGT GP ENCUUG WP EQPVGZVG HCXQTKUCPV
L HKZGT FGU QDLGEVKHU GV EJQKUKT QW KPXGPVGT FGU
L UVKOWNGT GV IÃTGT NGU ÃEJCPIGU GP ENCUUG FG
.OGPUGKIPGOGPV GV NOCRRTGPVKUUCIG HTWEVWGWZ FGU .OGPUGKIPCPV FQKV QHHTKT FKXGTU EQPVGZVGU FOCRRTGPVKUUCIG SWK OCVJÃOCVKSWGUQPVNKGWFCPUFKXGTUGUUKVWCVKQPU.GU GPEQWTCIGPV NOCFQRVKQP FG EQORQTVGOGPVU EQQRÃTCVKHU EQPVGZVGUGVNGUUVTCVÃIKGURÃFCIQIKSWGUFQKXGPVETÃGT RCTVKEWNKGTU1PCVVGPFFGUÃNÂXGUPQPUGWNGOGPVSWOKNUVTCXCKNNGPV WP ENKOCV EQTTGURQPFCPV ´ WP RTQEGUUWU FOCRRTGP GPUGODNGGVUOCKFGPVOWVWGNNGOGPVOCKUCWUUKSWOKNUTÃCNKUGPVFGU VKUUCIG EQPUVTWEVKH GV CEVKH 'P FOCWVTGU OQVU RTQLGVUKPFKXKFWGNU.GUÃNÂXGUCESWKÂTGPVFGUUVTCVÃIKGUGVFGU NOCRRTGPVKUUCIG PG UOQRÂTG RCU UGWNGOGPV RCT JCDKNGVÃUGPRQUCPVFGUSWGUVKQPUGPÃEQWVCPVGPOQPVTCPVGVGP CDUQTRVKQP RCUUKXG FGU PQVKQPU OCKU RNWVÏV RCT GZRNKSWCPV NGWTU UQNWVKQPU GP FÃEQWXTCPV EG SWG NGU CWVTGU NOCUUKOKNCVKQPCEVKXGFGPQWXGNNGUKPHQTOCVKQPURCTNGU RGPUGPVGVGPFÃEKFCPVFGNCHCÁQPFGOGPGTWPRTQLGV´DKGP ÃNÂXGUSWKGPCTTKXGPVCKPUK´NGUEQORTGPFTGRCTNGWTU
RTQRTGUOQ[GPU
.GU QEECUKQPU SWG NGU ÃNÂXGU QPV FOCRRTGPFTG NGU OCVJÃOCVKSWGUFÃRGPFGPVFWEQPVGZVGFGUIGPTGUFG V¸EJGU SWOQP NGWT FQPPG GV FW FKCNQIWG CWSWGN KNU RCTVKEKRGPV%GSWOKNUCRRTGPPGPVUWTFGUPQVKQPUGV FGURTQEÃFWTGURCTVKEWNKÂTGUGVUWTNGWTRTQRTGOQFG FGRGPUÃGOCVJÃOCVKSWGGUVHQPEVKQPFGNCOCPKÂTG FQPV KNU UOCFQPPGPV ´ NOCEVKXKVÃ OCVJÃOCVKSWG GP ENCUUG.GWTUCVVKVWFGUHCEGCWZOCVJÃOCVKSWGUUQPV ÃICNGOGPV HCÁQPPÃGU RCT VQWU EGU ÃNÃOGPVU 2CT EQPUÃSWGPV RQWT HCXQTKUGT EJG\ NGU ÃNÂXGU NG FÃXGNQRRGOGPVFGNCRWKUUCPEGOCVJÃOCVKSWGKNHCWV UG UQWEKGTCWVCPVFGNCRÃFCIQIKGSWGFGUTÃUWNVCVU FOCRRTGPVKUUCIG.OGPUGKIPGOGPVFGUOCVJÃOCVKSWGU FQKV XCTKGT GV EQORQTVGT FGU FGXQKTU EQNNGEVKHU GV KPFKXKFWGNUFGUFKUEWUUKQPUGPVTGNOGPUGKIPCPVGVNGU ÃNÂXGUGVRCTOKEGUFGTPKGTUNCTÃCNKUCVKQPFGRTQLGVU CRRTQRTKÃU FGU GZGTEKEGU UWT NOCTV FOCRRNKSWGT NGU OÃVJQFGU OCVJÃOCVKSWGU GV FGU GZRQUÃU FG NOGPUGKIPCPV
4ÃUWOÃFGUEJCPIGOGPVUUWTXGPWUFCPUNGUOÃVJQFGUF OGPUGKIPGOGPV
+ORQTVCPEGOQKPFTG +ORQTVCPEGCEETWG
'PUGKIPCPVGVOCPWGNUQWTEGUGZENWUKXGUFGUEQPPCKUUCPEGU 2CTVKEKRCVKQPCEVKXGFGUÃNÂXGU´NOCRRTGPVKUUCIGEQPUVTWEVKXKUOG /ÃOQTKUCVKQPRCTEQGWTFGUHCKVUGVRTQEÃFWTGU
2ÃTKQFGURTQNQPIÃGUQÔNGUÃNÂXGUUOGZGTEGPV´HCKTGFGUV¸EJGU NOGPUGKIPGOGPV EQWTCPVGU
'PUGKIPGOGPV HQPFÃ RTGUSWG GPVKÂTGOGPV UWT FGU GZRQUÃU
OCIKUVTCWZ 4GEQWTUSWQVKFKGPCWECNEWNOGPVCN
6GUVUUWTNCOCVKÂTGFGUEJCRKVTGUGVFGUOQFWNGU #RRNKECVKQPFGFKXGTUGUHQTOWNGUFOGPUGKIPGOGPVRGVKVUITQWRGU 6GUVUUGTXCPVWPKSWGOGPV´FQPPGTFGUPQVGU RTQLGVU
GV´NOCRRNKECVKQPFGUOCVJÃOCVKSWGU
4ÃUQNWVKQP FG RTQDNÂOGU OQ[GP RÃFCIQIKSWG GV DWV FG
'ORNQKFOGZGTEKEGUGVFGVGUVUEWOWNCVKHU
GZRNQTCVKQPU GPUGKIPGOGPV GPVTG ECOCTCFGU ENCUUG GPVKÂTG
7VKNKUCVKQPFGUQTFKPCVGWTUGVFGUECNEWNCVTKEGURQWTCRRTGPFTGNGU OCVJÃOCVKSWGUGVGPHCKTG
%QOOWPKECVKQPFOKFÃGUOCVJÃOCVKSWGURCTNGUÃNÂXGUFGXKXG XQKZGVRCTÃETKV
VCDNKUUGOGPVGVCRRNKECVKQPFGTCRRQTVUCXGENGUVJÂOGUOCVJÃ OCVKSWGU
/CKPVKGP U[UVÃOCVKSWG FG NOCRRTGPVKUUCIG EJG\ NOÃNÂXG CXGE TÃXKUKQPFGNCOCVKÂTGCPVÃTKGWTGFCPUNGEQPVGZVGFGUPQWXGCWZ VJÂOGUGVRTQDNÂOGUCDQTFÃU
$WVUFGUÃNÂXGUUWKXCPVNGEQWTUFG /CVJÃOCVKSWGU5
#HKP FG HQTOWNGT NGU QDLGEVKHU FGU ÃNÂXGU FW EQWTU /CVJÃOCVKSWGU 5 PQWU PQWU UQOOGU HQPFÃU UWT NOQWXTCIGKPVKVWNÃ%WTTKEWNWOCPF'XCNWCVKQP5VCPFCTFU HQT 5EJQQN /CVJGOCVKEU OKU CW RQKPV RCT NG 0CVKQPCN
%QWPEKNQH6GCEJGTUQH/CVJGOCVKEU.OÃPQPEÃFGEGU QDLGEVKHUFQPPG´RGPUGTSWOKNHCWVGZRQUGTNGUÃNÂXGU´FGU GZRÃTKGPEGU XCTKÃGU GV EQPPGZGU SWK NGU GPEQWTCIGPV ´ EQORTGPFTGNGTÏNGFGUOCVJÃOCVKSWGUFCPUNCUQEKÃVÃ .OKPVÃITCVKQP FG EGU QDLGEVKHU CW RTQITCOOG FOÃVWFGU EQPVTKDWGTC´HCKTGGPUQTVGSWGRNWUFOÃNÂXGUCESWGTTQPV NGU EQPPCKUUCPEGU OCVJÃOCVKSWGU XQWNWGU RQWT OKGWZ EQORTGPFTGNGURTQDNÂOGUSWKUGRQUGPVFCPUWPGUQEKÃVÃ VGEJPQNQIKUÃG.GUQDLGEVKHUFWEQWTU/CVJÃOCVKSWGU5 UQPVNGUUWKXCPVU
V .GU ÃNÂXGU FQKXGPV CRRTGPFTG ´ CRRTÃEKGT NGU OCVJÃOCVKSWGU +NU FQKXGPV RQWXQKT EQORTGPFTG NOKPEKFGPEG SWG NGU OCVJÃOCVKSWGU QPV GWG UWT NOJKUVQKTGGVEQOOGPVEGNCCWNVÃTKGWTGOGPVKPHNWÃUWT NGWT RTQRTG XKG +NU FQKXGPV GP QWVTG RGTEGXQKT NGU NKGPUGPVTGNGUOCVJÃOCVKSWGUGVFOCWVTGUFKUEKRNKPGUGV NGUEQPUÃSWGPEGUFGEGUNKGPURQWTNCUQEKÃVÃ
V .GU ÃNÂXGU FQKXGPV CTTKXGT ´ ETQKTG GP NGWTU EQORÃVGPEGU GP OCVJÃOCVKSWGU + NU FQKXGPV CRRTGPFTG´ETQKTGGPNGWTECRCEKVÃFGTÃUQWFTGFGU RTQDNÂOGUGVFOCRRNKSWGTFGUOQFÂNGUOCVJÃOCVKSWGU
´FGURTQDNÂOGUEQPETGVU
V .GUÃNÂXGUFQKXGPVFGXGPKTECRCDNGUFGTÃUQWFTG FGURTQDNÂOGUOCVJÃOCVKSWGUEOGUV´FKTGCTTKXGT
´TÃUQWFTGFKXGTURTQDNÂOGUOCVJÃOCVKSWGUEQWTCPVU GVRCTVKEWNKGTU´TGEQPPCÉVTGGV´WVKNKUGTFGUTGRTÃ UGPVCVKQPU OWNVKRNGU FG EQPEGRVU GV FGU UQNWVKQPU OWNVKRNGU FOWP RTQDNÂOG ´ TGRÃTGT GV ´ WVKNKUGT NGU NKGPUGZKUVCPVPQPUGWNGOGPVGPVTGFKXGTUXQNGVUFGU OCVJÃOCVKSWGUOCKUCWUUKGPVTGEGNNGUEKGVFOCWVTGU FKUEKRNKPGU
V .GUÃNÂXGUFQKXGPVCRRTGPFTG´WVKNKUGTNCNCPIWG FGU OCVJÃOCVKSWGU + NU FQKXGPV TÃHNÃEJKT ´ NGWT FÃOCTEJGOCVJÃOCVKSWGENCTKHKGTNGWTRGPUÃGGPNC OCVKÂTGGZRTKOGTNGWTUKFÃGUFGXKXGXQKZGVRCTÃETKV GVNKTGFGUFQPPÃGUOCVJÃOCVKSWGUGPNGUEQORTGPCPV V .GUÃNÂXGUFQKXGPVCRRTGPFTG´TCKUQPPGTUGNQPNGU RTKPEKRGU OCVJÃOCVKSWGU GV ´ TÃHNÃEJKT CXGE WP GURTKV ETKVKSWG +NU FQKXGPV RQWXQKT TGEQWTKT CWZ RTKPEKRGUFGNCNQIKSWG[EQORTKUHCKTGGVXÃTKHKGTFGU J[RQVJÂUGU LWIGT FG NC XCNKFKVÃ FOCTIWOGPVU GV HQTOWNGTFGUCTIWOGPVUXCNKFGUUKORNGU
V .GUÃNÂXGUFQKXGPVOCÉVTKUGTFGUJCDKNGVÃUGVFGU EQPEGRVUFGDCUG+NUFQKXGPVRQWXQKTGZÃEWVGTFGU V¸EJGU OCVJÃOCVKSWGU HQPFCOGPVCNGU GV CRRNKSWGT OGPVCNGOGPVFGUEQPEGRVUOCVJÃOCVKSWGU
(QPFGOGPVUOCVJÃOCVKSWGU
%QOOGNGEQWTU/CVJÃOCVKSWGU5UOCNKIPGUWTNG%CFTG EQOOWP FGU RTQITCOOGU FOÃVWFGU FG OCVJÃOCVKSWGU /L4ÃUWNVCVUKNGUVCZÃUWTUGRVRTQEGUUWUOCVJÃ OCVKSWGUSWKFQKXGPVÄVTGÃXKFGPVUFCPUEJCSWGFQOCKPG GVCKFGT´OGVVTGGPÃXKFGPEGNGECTCEVÂTGEWOWNCVKHFW EQWTU
4CKUQPPGOGPVOCVJÃOCVKSWG
.CHQTEGFWTCKUQPPGOGPVCKFGNOÃNÂXG´FQPPGTWP UGPUCWZOCVJÃOCVKSWGU´TÃHNÃEJKTCXGENQIKSWGGV´
EQPXCKPETGNGUCWVTGU
.GTCKUQPPGOGPVKPFWEVKHCKFGNOÃNÂXG´HQTOWNGTFGU J[RQVJÂUGU GV ´ [ TÃHNÃEJKT CW OQ[GP FOCEVKXKVÃU RGTOGVVCPVFGIÃPÃTCNKUGT´RCTVKTFOQDUGTXCVKQPU .GTCKUQPPGOGPVFÃFWEVKHCKFGNOÃNÂXG´XÃTKHKGTFGU J[RQVJÂUGUGV´EQPEGXQKTFGUCTIWOGPVURQWTXCNKFGT UQP TCKUQPPGOGPV#XGENGTCKUQPPGOGPVFÃFWEVKH NOÃNÂXGEQPUVTWKVWPGPUGODNGUVTWEVWTÃFGEQPPCKU UCPEGU
.GU ÃNÂXGUFQKXGPVCTTKXGT´EQORTGPFTGNGTÏNGFG EJCSWGIGPTGFGTCKUQPPGOGPVUGPOCVJÃOCVKSWGUGV FCPUFGUUKVWCVKQPUPGTGNGXCPVRCUFGEGVVGFKUEKRNKPG +NGZKUVGFGHQTVGUUKOKNCTKVÃUGPVTGNGTCKUQPPGOGPV OCVJÃOCVKSWGGVNCNQIKSWGPÃEGUUCKTGRQWTTÃINGTFGU RTQDNÂOGUFCPUNCXKGFGVQWUNGULQWTU'PTGEQWTCPV CWTCKUQPPGOGPVKPFWEVKHGVFÃFWEVKHGPFGJQTUFGNC IÃQOÃVTKG FCPU NGU FQOCKPGU FG NOCNIÂDTG GV FG NOQTICPKUCVKQPFGUFQPPÃGUNGUÃNÂXGURGTHGEVKQPPGPV NGWTECRCEKVÃFGTCKUQPPGT
'ZGORNGU
V %QPEGXQKT WPG GZRÃTKGPEG HCKUCPV CRRGN CW TCKUQPPGOGPV KPFWEVKHRQWT VTQWXGT NC UQOOG FGU CPINGU FOWP RGPVCIQPG &ÃETKTG NC IÃPÃTCNKUCVKQP
V 4ÃFKIGT WP RCTCITCRJG GZRNKSWCPV NGU FKHHÃTGPEGUGVNGUUKOKNCTKVÃUGZKUVCPVGPVTGNGU ÃPQPEÃUUWKXCPVU
C .CUQOOGFGUCPINGUFGVQWVVTKCPINGGUV D .GU JQOOGU UQPV RNWU ITCPFU SWG NGU
HGOOGU
%CNEWNOGPVCNGVGUVKOCVKQP
.G ECNEWN OGPVCN GUV NC RKGTTG CPIWNCKTG FG NOGUVKOCVKQP.OÃNÂXGFQKVUCXQKTSWCPFGVEQOOGPV HCKTGFGUECNEWNUGUVKOCVKHU.GEQPVGZVGFWRTQDNÂOG CKFG NOÃNÂXG ´ ÃVCDNKT SWCPF KN GUV PÃEGUUCKTG QW UQWJCKVCDNG FG HQWTPKT WPG TÃRQPUG GZCEVG QW WPG CRRTQZKOCVKQP +N KORQTVG FG EQPUCETGT SWGNSWGU OKPWVGUEJCSWGLQWTCWECNEWNOGPVCN.GUÃNÂXGUFW UGEQPFCKTG UQPV EGPUÃU GZÃEWVGT FGU V¸EJGU GV FGU QRÃTCVKQPUOGPVCNGUTCRKFGOGPV.OGZGTEKEGSWQVKFKGP NGU CKFGTC ´ COÃNKQTGT NGWT ECRCEKVÃ FG HCKTG CWVQOCVKSWGOGPV FGU V¸EJGU VGNNGU SWG FGU ECNEWNU PWOÃTKSWGU FGU EQODKPCKUQPU CNIÃDTKSWGU GV FGU GUVKOCVKQPUGVFGUGTCRRGNGTFGUHCKVU
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V 3WGNNGGUVNCJCWVGWTCRRTQZKOCVKXGFGNCRQTVG FGNCUCNNGFGENCUUGGPEO!
V #FFKVKQPPGTZGVZ V %QPUVTWKTGWPGIQWVVKÂTG´OÄOGWPOQTEGCWFG
V 3WGNNG GUV NC NQPIWGWT FG NOJ[RQVÃPWUG FOWP NCTIG GP HCÁQPPCPV WPG DCUG GV FGWZ EÏVÃU VTKCPINGTGEVCPINGFQPVNGUEÏVÃUOGUWTGPVGV ÃICWZ %QODKGP NC DCUG FQKVGNNG OGUWTGT GV
WPKVÃU! SWGNNG FQKV ÄVTG NC JCWVGWT FGU EÏVÃU FG NC
4ÃUQNWVKQPFGRTQDNÂOGU
.CTÃUQNWVKQPFGRTQDNÂOGUGUVCWEQGWTFGUOCVJÃ ECTTGCWZ FG EQKP ECTTGCWZ FG DQTF GV WP OCVKSWGU ´ VQWU NGU PKXGCWZ +N GUV GUUGPVKGN SWG ECTTGCWKPVÃTKGWT
EJCSWG ÃNÂXG CRRTGPPGPV NOCTV FG TÃUQWFTG FGU RTQDNÂOGU#XCPVNGUCPPÃGUFWEQWTUUGEQPFCKTGKN RGWV ÄVTG WVKNG FG HCKTG NC FKUVKPEVKQP GPVTG NGU DWVU EQPEGRVWGNU NGU DWVU RTQEÃFWTCWZ GV NGU QDLGEVKHU EQPEGTPCPVNCTÃUQNWVKQPFGURTQDNÂOGU/CKUWPGHQKU NOÃNÂXGTGPFWCWPKXGCWUGEQPFCKTGEGVVGFKUVKPEVKQP EQOOGPEG´UOGUVQORGT´OGUWTGSWOKNTGPHQTEGUGU EQPPCKUUCPEGU OCVJÃOCVKSWGU .GU VGEJPKSWGU GORNQ[ÃGU RQWT TÃUQWFTG FGU RTQDNÂOGU OCVJÃ OCVKSWGUUGTXGPVCWUUK´TÃRQPFTG´FGUSWGUVKQPUFG VQWUNGULQWTUGV´TÃUQWFTGFGURTQDNÂOGUFCPUNGU FQOCKPGU FGU UEKGPEGU RJ[UKSWGU GV UQEKCNGU FGU CHHCKTGUGVFWIÃPKG
&CPUNGEQWTU/CVJÃOCVKSWGU5KNHCWVUGUGTXKTFGU RTQDNÂOGU GV FGU CRRNKECVKQPU RQWT RTÃUGPVGT FG PQWXGNNGUKFÃGUHCKTGEQORTGPFTGFGUEQPEGRVUGVFGU RTQEÃFWTGUCRRNKSWGTFGUJCDKNGVÃUGVFGUFÃOCTEJGU CRRTKUGUCPVÃTKGWTGOGPVGVTGPHQTEGTNGUNKGPUGPVTGNGU
UWLGVU FW FQOCKPG FGU OCVJÃOCVKSWGU GV FOCWVTGU UGEVGWTU
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OÃVCN OGUWTCPV OÂVTGU FG NQPI GV EO FG
IQWVVKÂTGRQWTSWGNCSWCPVKVÃFGRNWKGTGEWGKNNKG UQKVNCRNWUITCPFG!
V 7PGHGPÄVTGFGOÂVTGUUWTOÂVTGUEQORQTVG
1P FGOCPFG ´ WP CTEJKVGEVG FG FGUUKPGT NGU RNCPU FOWPG UCNNG FG NQKUKTU .G EQFG FW D¸VKOGPVNKOKVG´OÂVTGUECTTÃUNCUWRGTHKEKG VQVCNGFGUHGPÄVTGUFGNCRCTVKGRTKPEKRCNGFGNC UCNNG.OCTEJKVGEVGFÃEKFGFOGPXKUCIGTFKXGTUGU EQODKPCKUQPU FG HGPÄVTGU ECTTÃGU FG OCPKÂTG SWGNCUWRGTHKEKGVQVCNGFGEGUFGTPKÂTGUÃICNG GZCEVGOGPV O 6TQWXGT RNWUKGWTU FGU EQPHKIWTCVKQPU RQUUKDNGU FCPU EJCSWG ECU VTQWXGT NG PQODTG VQVCN FG EJCSWG IGPTG FG ECTTGCWZSWOKNHCWFTC
Carreau Carreau Carreau de coin de bord intérieur
.KGPU
&CPU NG EQPVGZVG FW EQWTU/CVJÃOCVKSWGU 5 NGU NQIKEKGNVCDNGWTRQWTOQPVTGTNOCPPÃGNOKPVÃTÄV ÃNÂXGUFQKXGPVXKXTGFGUGZRÃTKGPEGUPQODTGWUGUGV VQVCNGVNOCEEWOWNCVKQPVQVCNGFGUHQPFUCWDQWV XCTKÃGU RQWT CRRTÃEKGT NOWVKNKVÃ FGU OCVJÃOCVKSWGU FGCPU´WPVCWZFOKPVÃTÄVUKORNG(CKUWP VQWVGPGZRNQTCPVNGUNKGPUGZKUVCPVGPVTGFKXGTUXQNGVU ITCRJKSWG KNNWUVTCPV NOÃXQNWVKQP FGU RCKTGU FGU OCVJÃOCVKSWGUOÄOGURCTGZGORNGEGWZSWG QTFQPPÃGU CPPÃGU HQPFU VQVCWZ &TGUUG WP HQPV NGU ÃNÂXGU VTCXCKNNCPV UWT NGU TGRTÃUGPVCVKQPU PQWXGCWVCDNGCWRQWTOQPVTGTNGTGPFGOGPVFW OWNVKRNGU FOWP OÄOG EQPEGRV CKPUK SWOGPVTG NGU OÄOG KPXGUVKUUGOGPV HCKV CW OÄOG VCWZ OCVJÃOCVKSWGUGVFOCWVTGUFKUEKRNKPGUQPRGWV[XQKT FOKPVÃTÄVEQORQUÃEGVVGHQKUEKNGUKPVÃTÄVUÃVCPV FGU CRRNKECVKQPU FGU EQPEGRVU GV GPVTG NGU XGTUÃU VQWU NGU CPU &CPU NG OÄOG RNCP OCVJÃOCVKSWGUGVNGXÃEWSWQVKFKGP&CPUNGUOCVJÃ ECTVÃUKGP FGUUKPG WP ITCRJKSWG KNNWUVTCPV OCVKSWGUNGUÃNÂXGUFQKXGPVUCKUKTNGUNKGPUGZKUVCPV NOÃXQNWVKQP FGU PQWXGNNGU FQPPÃGU %QORCTG GPVTG FKXGTUGU OCVKÂTGU VGNNGU SWG NOCNIÂDTG GV NC GPVTG GWZ NGU FGWZ ITCRJKSWGU GV TÃFKIG WP IÃQOÃVTKG %OGUV GP ÃVCDNKUUCPV FGU NKGPU GPVTG NGU RCTCITCRJGRQWTGZRNKSWGTNGUTGUUGODNCPEGUGV KFÃGU OCVJÃOCVKSWGU CW OQ[GP FG TGRTÃUGPVCVKQPU NGUFKHHÃTGPEGUGPVTGNGUFGWZ
EQPETÂVGUITCRJKSWGUGVU[ODQNKSWGUSWGNGUÃNÂXGU EQOOGPEGPV´RGTEGXQKTNGUOCVJÃOCVKSWGUEQOOG WPVQWVKPVÃITÃ
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V 6W GU ECRKVCKPG FOWP PCXKTG GV NOWP FGU EQORTÃJGPUKQP FGU EQPEGRVU OCVJÃOCVKSWGU .GU RCUUCIGTUCÃVÃDNGUUÃ.GPCXKTGUGVTQWXG´ ÃNÂXGUFQKXGPVUOCFQPPGT´FGUCEVKXKVÃUNGWTRGTOGV MOFOWPRQKPVSWKUWTNCEÏVGGUV´MOFOWP VCPVFGFKUEWVGTFOÃEQWVGTFGRQUGTFGUSWGUVKQPUGV JÏRKVCN 6W FQKU FQPPGT TGPFG\XQWU ´ WPG FGHCKTGFGUTÃUWOÃU#KPUKKNUCRRTGPPGPV´OKGWZ CODWNCPEGPOKORQTVGQÔUWTWPGTQWVGSWKNQPIG GZRNKSWGTEQOOGPVKNUQPVQDVGPWNGWTTÃRQPUGNGU NC EÏVG 6W CKOGTCKU ÃVCDNKT NG EQPVCEV CXGE FKHHKEWNVÃUSWOCEQORQTVÃGUNCTÃUQNWVKQPFWRTQDNÂOG NOCODWNCPEGCWRQKPVFOQÔNGRCUUCIGTRQWTTC QW NGU ÃVCRGU SWK NGWT QPV RCTW PÃEGUUCKTGU RQWT ÄVTGCOGPôNOJÏRKVCNFCPUNGUFÃNCKUNGURNWU XÃTKHKGTWPGIÃPÃTCNKUCVKQPSWOKNUCXCKGPVFÃEQWXGTVG EQWTVUUWRRQUGTSWGNGPCXKTGHKNG´MOJ #W PKXGCW UGEQPFCKTG NGU ÃNÂXGU CEETQKUUGPV NGWT GVSWGNOCODWNCPEGUGFÃRNCEGTC´MOJGP ECRCEKVÃFOGORNQ[GTNGUVGTOGUOCVJÃOCVKSWGUCRRTQ OQ[GPPG EQODKGP HCWFTCVKN FG VGORU RQWT RTKÃU EG SWK HCKV RCTVKG KPVÃITCPVG FGU ÃVWFGU FG NC VTCPURQTVGTNGRCUUCIGT´NOJÏRKVCN! FKUEKRNKPG
V 5QKVWPVCWZFOKPVÃTÄVFGGVWPOQPVCPVFG
´KPXGUVKT&TGUUGWPVCDNGCWCXGEWP
%QOOWPKECVKQP
.C RCTVKEKRCVKQP CEVKXG FGU ÃNÂXGU ´ FGU V¸EJGU OCVJÃOCVKSWGU UKIPKHKECVKXGU HCEKNKVG NOCESWKUKVKQP FOCRVKVWFGU´NCEQOOWPKECVKQPSWKKORQTVGPVRQWTNC
Z Z 'ZGORNGU
V &CPUWPJÏRKVCNWPGQDUVÃVTKEKGPPGÃVWFKGNGU FOGZRNKSWGT NG RTQEGUUWU UWKXK RQWT UQNWVKQPPGT WP TGNGXÃU TÃEGPVU GV EQPUVCVG SWOCW EQWTU FOWPG RTQDNÂOGRCTÃETKV
UGOCKPGQÔKN[CGWPCKUUCPEGUSWCVTGHKNNGU UQPVPÃGUFGUWKVG'NNGUGFGOCPFGSWGNNGUGTCKV NCRTQDCDKNKVÃSWGUWTGPHCPVUPÃUCWOQKPU
SWCVTG HKNNGU PCKUUGPV FG UWKVG %QPÁQKU GV 'ZRNKSWGTEQOOGPVVTQWXGTNCFKUVCPEGGPVTG
GZÃEWVG WPG GZRÃTKGPEG RQWT UKOWNGT NC #GV$
UKVWCVKQP%CNEWNGNCRTQDCDKNKVÃVJÃQTKSWGSWOCW 'ZRNKSWGTEQOOGPVUKORNKHKGTNOGZRTGUUKQP OQKPUSWCVTGHKNNGUPCKUUGPVFGUWKVGGVEQORCTG
NGU TÃUWNVCVU CXGE EGWZ FG VQP GZRÃTKGPEG 'ZRNKSWGTEQOOGPVTGITQWRGT 4ÃFKIGWPTCRRQTVRQWTGZRNKSWGTVGUTÃUWNVCVU
V .GVCDNGCWHKIWTCPVEKFGUUQWUOQPVTGEQODKGP
NCETÂOGINCEÃGEQÖVGFCPUFKXGTUOCICUKPUFG OGUWTGSWGNG::+UKÂENGCRRTQEJGNGUÃNÂXGUQPV
$TCPFQP5WRRQUGSWGVWGUNGRTQRTKÃVCKTGFW FG RNWU GP RNWU CEEÂU CWZ ECNEWNCVTKEGU GV CWZ OCICUKP%KPGOC5YGGV&GUUKPGWPITCRJKSWG QTFKPCVGWTU GP ENCUUG +N UOCIKV N´ FOQWVKNU SWK FQPVVWRQWTTCKUVGUGTXKTRQWTKPEKVGTNGUIGPU´ UKORNKHKGPV NC V¸EJG ´ CEEQORNKT UCPU RQWT CWVCPV CEJGVGTFGNCETÂOGINCEÃGFCPUVQPOCICUKP NOGZÃEWVGT +NU RGWXGPV CEETQÉVTG NGU ECRCEKVÃU FGU 4ÃFKIGWPEQWTVOGUUCIGSWGVWRNCEGTCUFCPUNC ÃNÂXGUGPOCVJÃOCVKSWGUGPOGVVCPV´NGWTRQTVÃGFGU HGPÄVTGFWOCICUKPRQWTGZRNKSWGTCWZENKGPVU RTQDNÂOGU GV FGU UWLGVU KPGZRNQTÃU LWUSWGN´ .C RQWTSWQKVCETÂOGINCEÃGXCWVRNWUSWGEGNNGFGU PQWXGNNG VGEJPQNQIKG C PQP UGWNGOGPV HCEKNKVÃ NGU
CWVTGU ECNEWNUGVNOGZÃEWVKQPFGUITCRJKSWGUOCKUGNNGCCWUUK
1P RGWV CWUUK GPEQWTCIGT NOWUCIG FG NC EQOOWPKECVKQP VGEJPKSWG GP FGOCPFCPV ´ NOÃNÂXG
'ZGORNGU
6GEJPQNQIKG
/
OQFKHKÃ NC PCVWTG FGU RTQDNÂOGU SWG NGU ÃNÂXGU RGWXGPVGZCOKPGTGVNGUOÃVJQFGUFQPVKNURGWXGPVUG UGTXKTRQWTEGNC
.GU ÃNÂXGU RGWXGPV WVKNKUGT NGU ECNEWNCVTKEGU GV NGU QTFKPCVGWTURQWT
V ÃNCDQTGTFGUEQPEGRVU
V GZRNQTGTGVHCKTGNCFÃOQPUVTCVKQPFGUTGNCVKQPU GVFGUTÃIWNCTKVÃUOCVJÃOCVKSWGU
V QTICPKUGTGVCHHKEJGTFGUFQPPÃGU
Magasin Prix Andi's 1,10$
Baskin-Robbins 0,90$
Cecilia's 1,10$
Cinema Sweet 1,45$
Cone City 0,85$
Haagen-Daas 1,25$
Magic Sundae 1,10$
Sweet Tops 1,20$
V TÃUQWFTGRNWUHCEKNGOGPVFGURTQDNÂOGUGVCKPUK CESWÃTKTWPGRNWUITCPFGCWVQPQOKG
V FÃXGNQRRGTNGWTEWTKQUKVÃGVNGWTETÃCVKXKVÃ .OGPXKTQPPGOGPVOCVJÃOCVKSWGGUVEQPUVKVWÃFOWPG V TÃFWKTGNGVGORUEQPUCETÃCWZECNEWNUGPPW[GWZ HQWNGFOKOCIGU.GTGEQWTUCWZKOCIGUFCPUNOÃVWFG V ETÃGTFGUCHHKEJCIGUIÃQOÃVTKSWGU FGUOCVJÃOCVKSWGUCKFGNGUÃNÂXGU´EQORTGPFTGNGU
V UKOWNGTFGUUKVWCVKQPU EQPEGRVUGV´ÃVCDNKTFGUNKGPUGPVTGGWZ
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V 7VKNKUGNGVCDNGCWHQWTPKEKCRTÂURQWTGZCOKPGT XKUWCNKUGTNGUTGNCVKQPUCNIÃDTKSWGU'PTGEQWTCPV´WP NG RTQDNÂOG UWKXCPV UK QP NCKUUG RQWUUGT NGU TÃUWOÃXKUWGNRQWTCPCN[UGTGVKPVGTRTÃVGTNGUFQPPÃGU CTDTGURGPFCPVCPUCWNKGWFGNGUEQWRGT NGU ÃNÂXGU UQPV OKGWZ ´ OÄOG FG EQORTGPFTG NGU CPU CRTÂU NGU CXQKT RNCPVÃU ETQÉVTQPVKNU FQPPÃGUGVFOGPFÃICIGTFGURTÃFKEVKQPUGVIT¸EGCWZ UGPUKDNGOGPVRNWU!7VKNKUGNGNQIKEKGNVCDNGWT ECNEWNCVTKEGU ´ ITCRJKSWGU GV CWZ NQIKEKGNU KPHQT
CRRTQRTKÃ OCVKSWGUKNUXKUWCNKUGPVOKGWZNGUEQPEGRVU
V 3WGNGUVNOGHHGVQDUGTXÃUWTNGITCRJKSWGFÃHKPK RCT[OZUKNOQPEJCPIGNCXCNGWTFGO!
&QPPG UKZ XCNGWTU FKHHÃTGPVGU ´ O GV CRTÂU CXQKT GZCOKPÃNOKORTKOÃFGUITCRJKSWGUGZRNKSWGEGSWGVW QDUGTXGU
8KUWCNKUCVKQP
.C IÃQOÃVTKG CPCN[VKSWG FQPPG WPG FGUETKRVKQP CNIÃDTKSWG FGU HKIWTGU IÃQOÃVTKSWGU GV RGTOGV FG
Âge Diam. Âge Diam. Âge Diam. Âge Diam.
(Y) (cm) (Y) (cm) (Y) (cm) (Y) (cm)
4 1,6 12 5,0 23 12,0 33 14,0 5 1,6 13 9,0 24 9,0 34 10,0 8 2,0 14 9,2 25 12,0 35 14,0 8 6,0 16 11,0 29 14,0 38 15,0 10 4,0 18 9,4 30 16,0 38 14,0 10 7,0 20 13,0 30 13,0 42 15,0
XCNWCVKQP GV FKHHÃTGPVGU OÃVJQFGU FOÃXCNWCVKQP
2QWTÃXCNWGTNGUÃNÂXGUUWKXCPVNGEQWTU/CVJÃOCVKSWGU 5 NG RGTUQPPGN GPUGKIPCPV GUV KPXKVÃ ´ GORNQ[GT FKXGTUGUVGEJPKSWGUGV´NGWTFQPPGTWPEGTVCKPEJQKZ´EGV ÃICTF7PGVGNNGRGTURGEVKXGHCXQTKUGNCUQWRNGUUGGVTGPF NGUÃNÂXGUFCXCPVCIGOCÉVTGUFGNGWTRTQITCOOG
8QKEKWPTÃIKOGFOÃXCNWCVKQPRQUUKDNG L &GXQKTU´HCKTGEJG\UQK L 6TCXCKNGPENCUUG L 2QTVHQNKQU L 2TQLGVU'PSWÄVGU L 6GUVU'ZCOGPUÃETKVU
7PGDQPPGVGEJPKSWGF ÃXCNWCVKQPFQKVÄVTGCZÃG´NCHQKU UWTNGRCUUÃGPGZCOKPCPVNCRGTHQTOCPEGFGUÃNÂXGUCKPUK SWG NGWTUCVVKVWFGUGVETQ[CPEGUGVUWTN CXGPKTCHKPFG UGTXKTFGDCUG´NCEQPVKPWCVKQPFWRTQEGUUWUF KPUVTWEVKQP 7PG VGNNG ÃXCNWCVKQP UG FKUVKPIWG PQVCOOGPV RCT NGU ECTCEVÃTKUVKSWGUUWKXCPVGU
M .GUVGEJPKSWGUF ÃXCNWCVKQPUQPVGPTCRRQTVCXGENGU QDLGEVKHUF GPUGKIPGOGPV+NHCWVÃXCNWGTEGSW QPC GPUGKIPÃ
M .GUOÃVJQFGUF ÃXCNWCVKQPUQPVCFCRVÃGUCWZÃNÂXGU GPHQPEVKQPFGNGWTPKXGCWFGFÃXGNQRRGOGPVFGNGWT OCVWTKVÃOCVJÃOCVKSWGGVFGNGWTEQPVGZVGEWNVWTGN
% GUV´FKTGSW KNHCWFTCCXQKTTGEQWTU´FGUVGEJPKSWGU F ÃXCNWCVKQPXCTKÃGUGVSWGNGOÄOGEQPEGRVRGWVÄVTG RTÃUGPVÃFCPUFGUEQPVGZVGUUQWUFGUHQTOGUGVFCPU FGUUKVWCVKQPUFKHHÃTGPVU
M .GUVGEJPKSWGUF ÃXCNWCVKQPPGFQKXGPVRCUUGWNGOGPVÄVTG HQTOGNNGU OCKU CWUUK KPHQTOGNNGU .GU ÃXCNWCVKQPU HQTOGNNGURGTOGVVGPVF ÃXCNWGTNGEQPVGPWCNQTUSWGNGU ÃXCNWCVKQPUKPHQTOGNNGUUGRTÄVGPVOKGWZ´N ÃXCNWCVKQPFW RTQEGUUWUNGSWGNGUVWPCURGEVKORQTVCPVFWRTQITCOOG FGOCVJÃOCVKSWGU5CXQKT%1//'06N ÃNÂXGGUVCTTKXÃ
´ WPG TÃRQPUG GUV RNWU KORQTVCPV SWG FG UCXQKT UK NC TÃRQPUGGUV,756'QW(#755'
M . ÃXCNWCVKQPFQKVÄVTGWPÃNÃOGPVHQPFCOGPVCNGVEQPUVCPV FWRTQEGUUWUFKFCEVKSWG.GDWVFGVQWVGÃXCNWCVKQPP GUV RCU UKORNGOGPV F CTTKXGT ´ WPG PQVG UWT WP DWNNGVKP ÃXCNWCVKQPUQOOCVKXGOCKUDKGPFGFKCIPQUVKSWGTNGU ECTCEVÃTKUVKSWGUF GTTGWTUGVFGFÃVGTOKPGTN GPUGKIPGOGPV EQTTGEVKHCRRTQRTKÃCKPUKSWGF CKFGT´HQTOWNGTWPRNCP F CEVKQP RQWT N GPUGKIPGOGPV ´ XGPKT ÃXCNWCVKQP HQTOCVKXG
M . GPUGKIPCPVFQKVVTQWXGTNGOQ[GPFGEQOOWPKSWGTGHHK ECEGOGPV NGU TÃUWNVCVU FW RTQEGUUWU F ÃXCNWCVKQP ´ FGU CWFKVQKTGUFKHHÃTGPVU2CTCKNNGWTUNGRTQEGUUWUF ÃXCNWC VKQP FQKV ÄVTG EQPHQTOG CWZ OÃVJQFGU FG TCRRQTV GP XKIWGWT´N ÃEQNGQWCWUGKPFGNCFKXKUKQPUEQNCKTG M . ÃNÂXG FQKV ÄVTG ECRCDNG FG EQOOWPKSWGT NGU OCVJÃ
OCVKSWGU+NFQKVÄVTGGPOGUWTGFGEQORTGPFTGNGUKFÃGU OCVJÃOCVKSWGUSW QPNWKRTÃUGPVGUQWUHQTOGÃETKVGQTCNG QWXKUWGNNGGVRQWXQKTNGUGZRTKOGT´N QTCNRCTÃETKVRCT FÃOQPUVTCVKQP QW UQWU HQTOG XKUWGNNG ´ N CKFG FW XQECDWNCKTG FW U[UVÂOG FG PQVCVKQPU GV FGU UVTWEVWTGU CRRTQRTKÃGU FG HCÁQP ´ RTÃUGPVGT NGU KFÃGU FÃETKTG NGU TGNCVKQPUGVTGRTÃUGPVGTNGUUKVWCVKQPU
. ÃXCNWCVKQPGUVWPGFÃOCTEJGSWKXKUG´RQTVGTLWIG &GUQDUGTXCVKQPUU[UVÃOCVKSWGUTGPUGKIPGPVUWTNGU OGPVUWTNGFGITÃFGN JCDKNGVÃFGN ÃNÂXG´KFGPVKHKGTWP CVVKVWFGUFGUÃNÂXGU´NOÃICTFFGU/CVJÃOCVKSWGUEG RTQDNÂOG´TCUUGODNGTFGUKPHQTOCVKQPUGV´NGUQTIC SWOKNURGPUGPVFOGWZOÄOGUGPVCPVSWOCRRTGPCPVUNGU PKUGTRQWTGPCTTKXGT´RTÃUGPVGTUGUTÃUWNVCVUCXGEFGU OQFGUFOCRRTGPVKUUCIGSWOKNURTÃHÂTGPVNGWTUEJCORU CTIWOGPVU ´ N CRRWK %GVVG FÃOCTEJG RGTOGV CKPUK FOKPVÃTÄV NGWTU JCDKVWFGU FG VTCXCKN NGWT F QDUGTXGT L PQP UGWNGOGPV NGU EQPPCKUUCPEGU FG FÃXGNQRRGOGPVUWTNGRNCPUQEKCNGVNCOCÉVTKUGSW KNU N ÃNÂXG OCKU UQP KPKVKCVKXGL PQP UGWNGOGPV UQP QPVFWNCPICIGGVFGURTQEGUUWUOCVJÃOCVKSWGU JCDKNGVôTÃUQWFTGWPRTQDNÂOGOCKUUQPJCDKNGVô
KFGPVKHKGTWPRTQDNÂOGLPQPUGWNGOGPVUQPJCDKNGVÃ +NGUVKORQTVCPVFGRTGPFTGPQVGFGEGUQDUGTXCVKQPU F CRRTGPFTG UGNQP NGU KPFKEGU OCKU F CRRTGPFTG RQWT EQPVTKDWGT ´ NOÃNCDQTCVKQP FG RTQITCOOGU EQOOGPV CRRTGPFTG F WP RTQDNÂOG RQUÃ RCT NWK KPVÃTGUUCPVURQWTNGUÃNÂXGUFGOÄOGSWO´WPGDQPPG
OÄOG KPHQTOCVKQPFGURCTGPVU
. ÃXCNWCVKQPGUVDCUÃGUWTWPGRNWTCNKVÃFGV¸EJGUF CR RTGPVKUUCIG TGEJGTEJGU RTQLGVU NCDQTCVQKTGU CWVQ ÃXCNWCVKQPU SWK\ ÃEJCPVKNNQPU FG VTCXCKN VGUVU RTQLGVU RTÃUGPVCVKQPU QTCNGU GV ÃETKVGU FKUEWUUKQPU GVE6QWVGUTÃCNKUCVKQPUGVVQWVGUFQPPÃGURGTVKPGPVGU TGNCVKXGUCWZFKHHÃTGPVGUV¸EJGUF CRRTGPVKUUCIGUQPV TGEWGKNNKGU#RTÂUWPGRÃTKQFGFGVGORUFQPPÃGN GP UGKIPCPV HCKV NC NGEVWTG FW FQUUKGT FG N ÃNÂXG CHKP F QDUGTXGTNGURQKPVUHQTVUGVNGURQKPVUHCKDNGUFCPUUC FÃOCTEJG F CRRTGPVKUUCIG %GU QDUGTXCVKQPU HQWT PKUUGPVNGUKPHQTOCVKQPURGTOGVVCPVFGLWIGTFGN ÃVCV FGRTQITGUUKQPFGN ÃNÂXG.CFÃEKUKQPSWKGPTÃUWNVG RGWV ÄVTG F QTFTG RÃFCIQIKSWG FGU OGUWTGU FG TÃEWRÃTCVKQPQWF QTFTGCFOKPKUVTCVKHFGUPQVGUSWK CRRCTCKUUGPVCWDWNNGVKPUEQNCKTG
&KHHÃTGPVGUOÃVJQFGUF OÃXCNWCVKQP
.OQDUGTXCVKQP
/ÃVJQFGFOÃXCNWCVKQPNCRNWUWVKNKUÃGGNNGUGRTQFWKV PCVWTGNNGOGPVRGPFCPVNGUEQWTUFG/CVJÃOCVKSWGU
1PRQWTTCRTGPFTGFGUPQVGUUQWUHQTOGCPGEFQVKSWG QWGPEQTG´NOCKFGFOWPGNKUVGFGEQPVTÏNGVCDNGCWFG EQPVTÏNG
.OGPVTGXWG CXGE NOÃNÂXG QW WP VQWV RGVKV ITQWRG FOÃNÂXGU
.GUTGPEQPVTGUCXGENOÃNÂXGFQPPGPV´NOGPUGKIPCPVGV
´NOÃNÂXGNCRQUUKDKNKVÃFOÃEJCPIGTFGUKFÃGU'NNGU RGTOGVVGPV´NOGPUGKIPCPVFOCRRTÃEKGTNCECRCEKVÃFW TCKUQPPGOGPV /CVJÃOCVKSWG FG NOÃNÂXG GV EG SWOKN EQORTGPF FOWP EQPEGRV QW FOWP RTQEGUUWU 'NNGU RGWXGPV UGTXKT ´ FÃVGTOKPGT NOJCDKNGVÃ FG NOÃNÂXG ´ GZRNKSWGTUCUQNWVKQPQWNWKRGTOGVVTGFGLWUVKHKGTUGU RGPUÃGUGVUQPTCKUQPPGOGPV+NEQPXKGPVFGRTGPFTG PQVG FGU EJQUGU KORQTVCPVGU SWG NOQP C CRRTKUGU RGPFCPVNGUFKUEWUUKQPUQWNGUTGPEQPVTGUCWUWLGVFGU EQPPCKUUCPEGUFGUJCDKNGVÃUGVFGUXCNGWTUFGNOÃNÂXG GVFO[CRRQUGTNCFCVGFGNOGPVTGXWG
.GUFKUEWUUKQPU .CTGEJGTEJGQWNGRTQLGV
3WOKNUOCIKUUGFGFKUEWUUKQPUFKTKIÃGURCTNOGPUGKIPCPV 1P RGWV FGOCPFGT ´ FKXGTU OQOGPVU CWZ ÃNÂXGU QW GPEQTG FG FKUEWUUKQPU ´ NOKPVÃTKGWT FG RGVKVU FOGZÃEWVGTFGURTQLGVU%GWZEKRGWXGPVEQORQTVGTNC ITQWRGUEGNNGUEKVQWVEQOOGNOGPVTGXWGCXGENOÃNÂXG TÃCNKUCVKQPFOWPUQPFCIGGVFOWPTGNGXÃUVCVKUVKSWGQW HQWTPKTQPV´NOGPUGKIPCPVFOKORQTVCPVUTGPUGKIPGOGPVU GPEQTGFOWPTCRRQTVUWTNCEQPVTKDWVKQPFGVGNQWVGN SWCPV ´ NOJCDKNGVÃ FG NOÃNÂXG ´ EQORTGPFTG GV ´ OCVJÃOCVKEKGP1PRGWVCWUUKFGOCPFGTCWZÃNÂXGU
GZRNKSWGTWPEQPEGRV FGOGPGTWPGGPSWÄVGCWEQWTUFGNCSWGNNGKNUCRRTGP
.GUVTCXCWZRTCVKSWGU .GVTCXCKNFGTGEJGTEJGEQPUKUVG´COGPGTNOÃNÂXG´
2CTNOKPVGTOÃFKCKTGFOGZGTEKEGUOCVJÃOCVKSWGUETÃÃU +N C RQWT QDLGEVKH FOQDVGPKT FGU KPFKECVKQPU UWT FGVQWVGURKÂEGUQWKPURKTÃUFWOQPFGTÃGNNOGPUGK NOJCDKNGVÃFGNOÃNÂXG´
IPCPVRGWVÃXCNWGTFGPQODTGWZRTQEGUUWUOCVJÃOC
VKSWGU 1P FGOCPFG CWZ ÃNÂXGU WP EQORVGTGPFW V CESWÃTKTGVOGVVTGGPRTCVKSWGFGUEQPEGRVUGV EQORNGVFGUOÃVJQFGUGORNQ[ÃGUGVFWTCKUQPPGOGPV FGUJCDKNGVÃUGPOCVJÃOCVKSWGU
UWKXK+NGUVRTKOQTFKCNFOÃVCDNKTFGUTÂINGUFGPQVCVKQP
GV FG NGU EQOOWPKSWGT CWZ ÃNÂXGU RQWT SWG NGWTU V EGTPGTGVFÃHKPKTWPRTQDNÂOG GHHQTVUUQKGPVCRRTÃEKÃU´NGWTLWUVGXCNGWT2QWTEG
HCKTGQPRGWVWVKNKUGTWPGITKNNGFGPQVCVKQP V RTÃRCTGTGVGZÃEWVGTWPRNCP
.CITKNNGFGPQVCVKQP
7VKNKUÃGRQWTÃXCNWGTNCRGTHQTOCPEGFGUÃNÂXGUGP / PÃEGUUCKTGU GV CPPÃGNQTUFGUVGUVUUWTNGUPQTOGUEGVVG/ / /
ITKNNGFGPQVCVKQPENCUUKHKGNGVTCXCKNFGNOÃNÂXGRQWT V QTICPKUGT NGU FQPPÃGU GV GP FÃICIGT FGU
WPGSWGUVKQPFQPPÃGGPVTQKUECVÃIQTKGU OQFÂNGU
L PKXGCWTÃRQPUGGZEGNNGPVGGZEGRVKQPPGNNG V RGTUÃXÃTGT GV EJGTEJGT FGU TGPUGKIPGOGPVU L PKXGCWDQPPGTÃRQPUGTÃRQPUGRCUUCDNG UWRRNÃOGPVCKTGUCWDGUQKP
L PKXGCWTÃRQPUGKPEQORNÂVGOCKUUWHHKUCPVG
FTQPVFOGWZOÄOGUFGPQWXGCWZEQPEGRVU
ÃVWFKGTGPRTQHQPFGWTFGUSWGUVKQPUOCVJÃOCVKSWGU
V EQPEGXQKTFGUOÃVJQFGUGVNGUGZRNKSWGT V TGEWGKNNKT GV EQPUKIPGT NGU TGPUGKIPGOGPVU
V FKUEWVGTFGUTÃUWNVCVUNGUGZCOKPGTNGUTGXQKTGV NGUGZRNKSWGT
.OCWVQÃXCNWCVKQP .GULGWZSWGUVKQPPCKTGUGVNGUVGUVUÃETKVU
.OCWVQÃXCNWCVKQPUOCXÂTGWPDQPOQ[GPFGHCKTGTÃ .GULGWZSWGUVKQPPCKTGUGVNGUVGUVUÃETKVUUQPVWPCWVTG HNÃEJKTNGUÃNÂXGUSWCPV´NGWTUGHHQTVURQWTUWKXTGGV OQ[GP RQWT NGU ÃNÂXGU FG OQPVTGT EG SWOKNU EQORTGPFTGNGUOÃECPKUOGUFGTCKUQPPGOGPVOCVJÃ EQPPCKUUGPVGVUCXGPVHCKTG
OCVKSWGGVFGNGWTFGOCPFGTFGXÃTKHKGTFCPUSWGNNG
OGUWTGKNUQPVEQORTKUGVOKUGPRTCVKSWGNGUFKXGTU 1PTGEQOOCPFGFGHCKTGUWDKTWPVGUV´KPVGTXCNNGU
EQPEGRVUGVRTQEGUUWU TÃIWNKGTUVQWVGUNGUFGWZUGOCKPGURCTGZGORNGGV
1PRGWVFGOCPFGTCWZÃNÂXGUFGTGORNKTWPSWGUVKQP VJÂOGQW´NCHKPFOWPOQFWNG6QWUNGUVGUVUFQKXGPV PCKTGSWOKNUQPVGWZOÄOGURTÃRCTÃQWSWGNOGPUGK ÄVTGFGPCVWTGEWOWNCVKXGGVKNUFQKXGPVEQORTGPFTG IPCPVCRTÃRCTÃQWGPEQTGFGHCKTGWPGCWVQÃXCNWCVKQP FGUGZGTEKEGUFGECNEWNOGPVCNCKPUKSWGFGUSWGUVKQPU FCPUNGWTECTPGVFGDQTFQWNQTUFOWPGGPVTGXWGCXGE QWXGTVGUGVFGUCRRNKECVKQPUPÃEGUUKVCPVNGTGEQWTU´
NOGPUGKIPCPV FKXGTUGUUVTCVÃIKGUFGTÃUQNWVKQPFGRTQDNÂOGU
.GECTPGVFGDQTF .GFQUUKGTFGNOÃNÂXGRQTVHQNKQ
.G ECTPGV FG DQTF C RQWT QDLGV FOCOGPGT NOÃNÂXG ´ .G RQTVHQNKQ RGWV EQPVGPKT VQWVG WPG ICOOG TÃRQPFTG ´ FGU SWGUVKQPU RTÃEKUGU KPUETKVGU CW RTQ FOÃEJCPVKNNQPU FW VTCXCKN FG NOÃNÂXG [ EQORTKU FGU ITCOOGFOGPUGKIPGOGPV+NRGTOGV´NOÃNÂXGFGEQO KPUETKRVKQPU´UQPLQWTPCNFGUUQNWVKQPUFGRTQDNÂOGU OWPKSWGT UGU TÃHNGZKQPU ´ NOCKFG FG ITCRJKSWGU FG FGU FKCITCOOGU FGU TÃRQPUGU ´ FGU SWGUVKQPU PQODTGU FG U[ODQNGU OCVJÃOCVKSWGU GV FG VGZVG QWXGTVGUFGUFGXQKTUGVNOGZRNKECVKQPFOCNIQTKVJOGU EQORTGPCPVNGNCPICIGFGUOCVJÃOCVKSWGU.GECTPGV .GUÃNÂXGUFQKXGPVRCTVKEKRGTCEVKXGOGPV´NCVGPWG´
FGDQTFRGWVCWUUKÄVTGTÃXÃNCVGWTFGUUGPVKOGPVUGVFG LQWT FG NGWT RQTVHQNKQ ECT EGNC NGWT RTQEWTG NG NOCVVKVWFGFGNOÃNÂXGHCEG´UQPCRRTGPVKUUCIG UGPVKOGPV FOÄVTG OCÉVTG FG NGWT CRRTGPVKUUCIG GV FG .GURCIGUKORQTVCPVGUFWECTPGVFGDQTFFQKXGPV
ÄVTGRJQVQEQRKÃGUGVFÃRQUÃGUFCPUNGRQTVHQNKQFG NOÃNÂXG
RCU PÃEGUUCKTGOGPV WPG HQKU VGTOKPÃG NOÃVWFG FOWP
NGWTRTQITGUUKQP
.GUFQUUKGTURTÃRCTÃURCTNGUGPUGKIPCPVUGVNGUÃNÂXGU GP OCVJÃOCVKSWGU RQWT NOÃXCNWCVKQP FGU RTQITÂU TÃCNKUÃUGVRQWTNOCRRTGPVKUUCIGUQPVJCDKVWGNNGOGPVFG FGWZUQTVGU
C &QUUKGTIÃPÃTCNTÃXGKNIÃPÃTCNFOÃEJCPVKNNQPU SWKRGWXGPVÄVTGFGUGZGORNGUFGUOGKNNGWTGU RGTHQTOCPEGUFGNOÃNÂXGGVFGURTQITÂUTÃCNKUÃU FCPUNGECFTGFOWPGWPKVÃFGVTCXCKNQWRGPFCPV WPGFWTÃGTCKUQPPCDNGFGWZUGOCKPGURGZ D &QUUKGT FOÃXCNWCVKQP TGEWGKN FG SWGNSWGU
ÃEJCPVKNNQPUEJQKUKURCTNOÃNÂXGFCPUNGFQUUKGT IÃPÃTCNRQWTDKGPKNNWUVTGTNGVTCXCKNFOCRRTGP VKUUCIGCEEQORNK1PRGWV[TGVTQWXGT
V FGUFGUETKRVKQPUUQWUHQTOGITCRJKSWGQW PCTTCVKXG FG NC TÃUQNWVKQP FG RTQDNÂOGU SWGNEQPSWGU FGU VTCXCWZ RTCVKSWGU FGU TGEJGTEJGUGHHGEVWÃGUGVE
V RJQVQITCRJKGU DCPFGU UQPQTGU GV XKFÃQ VCDNGCWZKNNWUVTCPVWPVTCXCKNQWWPGZRQUÃ V GZVTCKVU FW ECTPGV FG DQTF FG NOÃNÂXG GP
OCVJÃOCVKSWGU
V GVE
&GUETKRVKQPFWEQWTU
.GEQWTU/CVJÃOCVKSWGU5GUVFKXKUÃGPPGWHWPKVÃUQW OQFWNGU +N KORQTVG FG OGVVTG NOCEEGPV UWT NGU NKGPU GZKUVCPVGPVTGNGUFKXGTUOQFWNGU+NEQPXKGPVFOCRRNKSWGT FGUEQPEGRVUCRRTKUFCPUWPGWPKVôFGURTQDNÂOGURQUÃU FCPUFOCWVTGURCTVKGUFWRTQITCOOG
1PCEEQTFGJGWTGU´NOGPUGKIPGOGPVFGNCOCVKÂTG PQWXGNNG%GNCEQORTGPFNGVGORURTKURQWTNCTÃXKUKQPGV NGUVGUVUQWRCTNGUKPVGTTWRVKQPU.OGPUGKIPCPVPGFQKV RCUEQPUCETGTDGCWEQWRFGVGORU´NCTÃECRKVWNCVKQPFW VTCXCKN FGU CPPÃGU CPVÃTKGWTGU NCSWGNNG POGUV RCU TGEQOOCPFÃGRQWTEQOOGPEGTNOCPPÃG
%JCSWG OQFWNG EQORTGPF WP CRGTÁW FGU TÃUWNVCVU FOCRRTGPVKUUCIGCKPUKSWGFGUPQVGUGVFGUGZRNKECVKQPU FQPVNOQDLGVGUVFGTGPUGKIPGTUWTEGSWGNGUÃNÂXGUUQPV EGPUÃUCRRTGPFTG
8QKEKNGRNCPIÃPÃTCNFWEQWTU/CVJÃOCVKSWGU5GVWPG TÃRCTVKVKQP GUVKOCVKXG FW PQODTG FOJGWTGU GPVTG NGU OQFWNGU
Mathématiques Pré-calcul 20S
A _ Polynômes et facteurs . . . 12 h B _ Géométrie analytique . . . 17 h C _ Trigonométrie . . . . . . 11 h D _ Exposants et radicaux . . . 13 h E _ Géométrie . . . 10 h F _ Expressions et équations rationnelles . . . 16 h G _ Fonctions . . . .. . . 12 h H _ Statistique et probabilité . . . 9 h I _ Variation et suites . . . 10 h
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
