Le temps, l’histoire

Os resultados do presente estudo demonstraram que as plantas de pinheiro- silvestre que cresceram com défice hídrico severo apresentaram uma redução significativa do rendimento quântico máximo e efetivo do PSII, da eficiência de captura de energia de excitação pelos centros de reação abertos de PSII, do coeficiente de extinção fotoquímico e da taxa de transporte de eletrões. Contudo, as plantas com proveniência do Gerês não se mostraram tão afetadas pelo stresse hídrico, sendo de admitir que possuem características anatómicas, fisiológicas e bioquímicas, não estudadas, que possibilitam uma maior capacidade de tolerar o défice hídrico. Em oposição, em consequência de maiores danos provocados pelo défice hídrico severo, as proveniências Espanholas e Alemã ativaram o desenvolvimento de mecanismos de defesa, incluindo o aumento da concentração de fenóis totais, proteínas solúveis totais e ceras epicuticulares, bem como o aumento da dissipação de energia em excesso por processos não radiativos, envolvendo o ciclo das xantofilas. Em todo o caso, este “investimento” em mecanismos protetores, com o dispêndio de importantes recursos energéticos, foi insuficiente para manter as plantas em adequado estado funcional. Assim, numa situação de seca severa, as plantas desenvolvidas a partir de sementes provenientes da população Gerês apresentam um melhor comportamento fotoquímico e metabólico, pelo que estes resultados poderão ser aplicados em programas de florestação/reflorestação. Contudo, é necessário ter em consideração que as respostas aqui apresentadas podem ser alteradas sob a influência de outras condições ambientais, como a disponibilidade de luz, a temperatura, o tipo de solo e a composição atmosférica. Por outro lado, também não foi avaliada a capacidade de recuperação após a imposição do défice hídrico, processo igualmente relevante para a compreensão da capacidade de tolerar o défice hídrico.

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44

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