During 2000 the Croatian industry con-sumed 2.9 percent more energy compared to the previous year. The consumption of all sources rose, while the consumption of steam and hot water dropped by 3.7 percent.
The consumption of liquid fuels recorded the highest rise amounting to 17.1 percent, thus reaching their all-time high during the period observed. Other energy forms used in industry recorded a moderate increase, i.e.
natural gas and electric energy by 1.8 percent and coal by 1 percent. In relation to 1996 the total energy demand in industry in 2000 increased by 8.2 percent, so the upward consumption trend reveals the average annual rate of 2 percent. A positive increase rate was realised by liquid fuels, with an average annual rate of 8.9 percent, as well as natural gas and electric energy with the average annual increase of 2.3 percent. The consumption of coal, steam and hot water dropped with 1.7 annually on the average. The following table and figure show the structural development of final energy demand in industry.
Tablica 2.8.1. Neposredna potrošnja energije u industriji 1996 1997 1998 PJ % PJ % PJ Ugljen
Coal
Tekuća goriva Liquid Fuels Plinovita goriva Gaseous Fuels Električna energija Electricity
Para i vrela voda Steam & Hot Water
1999 PJ
2000 PJ %
UKUPNO TOTAL
2000/99
% 2,77 5,9 2,83 5,6 2,95 5,7 2,56 5,2 2,59 5,1 1,0 7,57 16,1 8,84 17,5 9,99 19,3 9,10 18,4 10,65 21,0 17,1 11,75 25,0 13,26 26,2 13,53 26,2 12,65 25,6 12,88 25,4 1,8 9,24 19,7 10,06 19,9 10,03 19,4 9,93 20,1 10,11 19,9 1,8 15,60 33,2 15,60 30,8 15,12 29,3 15,11 30,6 14,55 28,7 -3,7
46,93 100,0 50,60 100,0 51,63 100,0 49,36 100,0 50,78 100,0 2,9 Table 2.8.1. Final Energy Demand in Industry by Fuels
U strukturi oblika energije koji se troše u industriji s najvećim udjelom sudjeluje para i vrela voda. Taj je udjel u odnosu na
The largest share in the industrially con sumed energy was realised by steam and hot water. However, this share decreased
com-Slika 2.8.1. Neposredna potrošnja energije u industriji
illi
2000
Figure 2.8.1. Final Energy Demand in Industry by Fuels prethodnu godinu smanjen te je iznosio 28,7
posto, a može se uočiti stalni trend smanjivanja toga udjela tijekom petogodišnjeg razdoblja. U odnosu na prethodnu godinu povećan je samo udjel tekućih goriva, dok su udjeli ostalih oblika energije neznatno smanjeni. Udjel tekućih goriva povećan je na dosad najvišu razinu od 21 posto u 2000. godini, pa se može govoriti o trendu porasta tijekom petogodišnjeg razdoblja. Udjel prirodnog plina iznosio je 25,4 posto, što je neznatno manje u odnosu na 1999. godinu. Za prirodni plin se može primijetiti stalnost udjela na razini malo većoj od 25 posto. Konstantnim se zadržava i udjel električne energije na približno 20 posto. Udjel ugljena vrlo polagano se smanjuje tako da je u 2000. godini
sudjelovao s dosada najnižim udjelom od 5,1 posto.
Potrošnja energije u pojedinim industrijskim granama razvijala se tijekom 2000. godine vrlo različito, pa je tako u nekim granama zabilježen porast potrošnje, a u drugima smanjenje. U odnosu na 1999. godinu povećanje potrošnje zabilježeno je u kemijskoj industriji, u industriji željeza i čelika, u industriji građevnog materijala i u industriji papira. Potrošnja energije smanjena je u prehrambenoj industriji, u industriji nemetalnih minerala i u ostaloj industriji, dok je u industriji obojenih metala potrošnja energije stagnirala. Razvoj strukture
pojedinih industrijskih grana u ukupnoj industrijskoj potrošnji energije prikazan je u sljedećoj tablici i slici.
pared to the preceding year and amounted to 28.7 percent. Thus, a constant downward trend of this share during the five-year period is noticeable. Compared to the previous year, only the share of liquid fuels increased, while all other shares recorded a minor decrease. The share of liquid fuels rose to their all-time high of 21 percent in 2000, thus an upward trend during the five-year period can be taken into consideration.
The share of natural gas amounted to 25.4 percent, i.e. a little lower than in 1999.
With natural gas, a constant share of around 25 percent is noticeable. The share of electricity also remained constant throughout the period and approximated 20 percent.
The share of coal dropped very slowly and in 2000 it reached its lowest value of 5.1 percent.
In 2000, the structural development of individual industrial branches within the total industrial consumption of energy occurred differently, so that some branches recorded an increase, and other a decrease.
Compared to 1999, an increase was recorded in the chemical, iron and steel, construction materials and paper industries. Less energy was consumed in the food industry, non-metallic minerals and other manufacturing industries, while the non-ferrous metals industry recorded stagnation. The structural development of individual industrial branches within the final energy demand by industrial sectors is shown in the following table and figure.
Tablica 2.8.2. Potrošnja energije u industrijskim granama
1996 1997 1998 PJ % PJ % PJ Industrija željeza i čelika
Iron and Steel Industry Industrija obojenih metala Non-Ferrous Metals Industry Industrija nemetalnih minerala Non-Metalic Minerals Industry Kemijska industrija
Chemical Industry
Industrija građevnog materijala Construction Materials Industry Industrija papira
Pulp and Paper Industry Prehrambena industrija Food Industry Ostala industrija
Other Manufacturing Industries UKUPNO INDUSTRIJA
1999 2000
PJ PJ
2000/99
% 2,90 6,2 3,59 7,1 3,14 6,1 2,25 4,5 2,56 5,0 14,0
0,43 0,9 0,54 1,1 0,55 1,1 0,51 1,0 0,51 1,0 0,1
3,44 7,3 2,55 5,0 2,83 5,5 2,85 ' 5,8 2,72 5,4 -4,6
10,02 21,3 10,04 19,8 10,91 21,1 8,35 16,9 9,89 19,5 18,4
11,47 24,4 13,08 25,8 13,57 26,3 15,18 30,8 16,83 33,2 10,9
2,36 5,0 2,63 5,2 2,61 5,1 2,86 5,8 3,15 6,2 10,4
8,00 17,1 9,04 17,9 9,45 18,3 9,36 19,0 7,24 14,3 -22,7
8,31 17,7 9,14 18,1 £,55 16,6 8,00 16,2 7,87 15,5 -1,6
46,93 100,0 50,60 100,0 51,63 100,0 49,36 100,0 50,78 100,0 2,9 TOTAL INDUSTRY
Table 2.8.2. Final Energy Demand by Industrial Sectors
U kemijskoj industriji je u odnosu na prethodnu godinu ostvareno najveće povećanje potrošnje od 18,4 posto. Zbog toga je povećan i udjel kemijske industrije na 19,5 posto, što je još uvijek manja razina u odnosu na prve tri godine promatranog razdoblja. Potrošnja energije u kemijskoj industriji u 2000. godini ipak je bila manja od ostvarene potrošnje u 1996. godini, pa se može primijetiti opadajući trend potrošnje s prosječnom godišnjom stopom od 0,3 posto.
Compared to the previous year, the largest increase of 18.4 percent was realised in the chemical industry. Therefore, its share rose to 19.5 percent, which is still lower than in the first three years of the period observed.
The consumption of energy in 2000 was lower than in 1996, so one could speak of a downward trend with an average annual rate of 0.3 percent. In 2000, a considerable consumption increase of 14 percent was recorded in the iron and steel industry, but it
Slika 2.8.2. Potrošnja energije u industrijskim granama
Figure 2.8.2. Final Energy Demand by Industrial Sectors
Značajan porast potrošnje od 14 posto ostvaren je u industriji željeza i čelika, no ipak je potrošnja u 2000. godini bila prilično manja u odnosu na 1996. godinu pa se može reci da i u ovoj industrijskoj grani postoji opadajući trend potrošnje s prosječnom godišnjom stopom od 3,1 posto. Udjel industrije željeza i čelika znatno je manji u odnosu na kemijsku industriju i u 2000.
godini iznosio je 5 posto, što predstavlja porast u odnosu na prethodnu godinu, ali je manje u odnosu na tri ostale godine.
Značajno povećanje potrošnje energije u odnosu na 1999. godinu ostvareno je i u industriji građevnog materijala te u industriji papira, a iznosilo je 10,9 posto, odnosno 10,4 posto. Takvim povećanjem potrošnje povećan je udjel industrije građevnog
materijala na više od 33 posto što znači da je u toj industriji potrošena trećina ukupne potrošnje energije u industriji. Tijekom petogodišnjeg razdoblja ova industrija ostvarila je visoku prosječnu stopu porasta potrošnje od 10,1 posto. I u industriji papira ostvaren je pozitivan trend potrošnje uz prosječnu godišnju stopu od 7,5 posto. Udjel industrije papira u 2000. godini iznosio je 6,2 posto što je najviša razina u
petogodišnjem razdoblju.
U ostalim industrijskim granama zabilježeno je smanjenje potrošnje, odnosno stagnacija u industriji obojenih metala. U prehrambenoj industriji to smanjenje je iznosilo 22,7 posto, u industriji nemetalnih minerala 4,6 posto i u ostaloj industriji 1,6 posto, sve u odnosu na prethodnu godinu. Ove tri industrijske grane bilježe opadajući trend u potrošnji energije i tijekom petogodišnjeg razdoblja pri čemu je prosječna godišnja stopa smanjenja potrošnje u industriji nemetalnih minerala iznosila 5,7 posto, u prehrambenoj industriji 2,5 posto i u ostaloj industriji 1,4 posto.
Veće udjele u potrošnji, u odnosu na industriju obojenih metala, ostvarile su ostala industrija i prehrambena industrija, a oni su iznosili 15,5 i 14,3 posto. To je ujedno najniža razina sudjelovanja ovih industrijskih grana u potrošnji energije. Udjel industrije nemetalnih minerala iznosio je 5,4 posto, što predstavlja malo smanjenje prema prethodnoj godini. Udjel industrije obojenih metala je najmanji i najstabilniji, tj. kreće se na razini od približno 1 posto.
was still much lower than in 1996, so it can be said that this industrial branch shows a downward consumption trend with an average annual rate of 3.1 percent. The share of the iron and steel industry is considerably lower than that of the chemical industry and in 2000 it amounted to 5 percent, which presents an increase compared to the previ-ous year, but is still less than during the other three years.
A considerable consumption increase compared to 1999 was realised in the construction materials as well as in the paper industries and amounted to 10.9 percent, i.e. 10.4 percent respectively. Thus, the share of the construction materials industry increased by more than 33 percent, which means that this industrial branch made one third of the total energy demand in industry. During the five-year period this industrial branch realised a high average increase rate of 10.1 percent. The paper industry also realised a positive trend with an average annual rate of 7.5 percent. In 2000 its share amounted to 6.2 percent, which is the highest value of the five-year period.
Other industrial branches recorded a de-crease, i.e. stagnation in the non-ferrous metals industry. Food industry recorded a decrease of 22.7 percent, non-metallic minerals industry of 4.6 percent and other manufacturing industries of 1.6 percent, all compared to the previous year. These three industrial branches recorded a downward trend in the consumption of energy during the five-year period, whereby the average annual decrease rate in the non-metallic minerals industry amounted to 5.7 percent, in the food industry 2.5 percent and in other manufacturing industries 1.4 percent. Larger shares compared to the non-ferrous metals industry were realised by other manufactur-ing industries and the food industry and they amounted to 15.5 and 14.3 percent respec-tively. This is also the lowest level of participation of these industrial branches.
The share of the non-metallic minerals industry amounted to 5.4 percent, thus presenting a minor decrease compared to the preceding year. The shares of the non-ferrous metals industry is the smallest and quite stable, i.e. around 1 percent.