ﺕﺎﺨﺴﻨﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ
ﻲﻤﻨﺎﻐﺘﺴﻤ ﻡﻼﺤﻷ ﻲﺌﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻨﻭﻜﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺀﺍﺭﻗ
ﺩ.
ﻥﻴﻠﻤﺠﻭﺒ ﺥﻭﺒﻝ
ﺔﻠﻗﺭﻭ ﺡﺎﺒﺭﻤ ﻱﺩﺼﺎﻗ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ )
ﺍ ﻝ ﺠ ﺯﺍ ﺌ ﺭ (
Cet article est une lecture dans la communicabilité du texte littéraire d’Ahlam mostaghannem qui vise a découvrir les principaux constituants discursifs a travers ses trois romans
« dakirat el jassed, faoudal’haouasse et aber sarir »
Les stéréotypes jouent un rôle extrêmement important dans la constitution de la structure linguistique de discours littéraire, ce qui permit souvent, aux lecteurs de franchir les microcosmes romanesques grâce a ses fonctions cruciales vu ses connotations sémantiques et fonctionnelles et ses dimensions esthétiques et référentielles, c’est pour cela qu’elles occupent une situation spécifique dans le roman, est ca malgré qu’elles se représentent comme une grande problématique a cause de son interférence avec tous les niveaux du texte romanesque.
ﺎﻤﻴﺴ ﻻﻭ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺒﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻨﻭﻜﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻫﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺕﺎﺨﺴﻨﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﻌﺘ ﺎﻬﻝ ﺎﻤﻝ ﻲﺌﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻉﻭﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ
،ﻲﻤﻨﺎﻐﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺯﻴﻤﺘﻤ ﺩﺠ ﺔﻨﺎﻜﻤ لﺘﺤﺘ ﺎﻫﺎﻨﺩﺠﻭ ﻙﻝﺫﻝ ،ﺔﻴﻌﺠﺭﻤﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﻓ ﺩﺎﻌﺒﺃﻭ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻅﻭﻭ ﺔﻴﻝﻻﺩ ﺕﺍﺀﺎﺤﻴﺇ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻠﻘﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﻫﺍﻭﻅﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻊﻁﺎﻘﺘﺘ ﻲﻬﻓ ،ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺘﺴﻤ لﻜ ﻊﻤ ﻊﻁﺎﻘﺘﺘ ﺫﺇ ﺩﻴﻘﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺒﻜ ﺭﺩﻗ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻜﺸﺈﻜ ﺭﻬﻅﻤﺘﺘﻭ ) ﻲﻋﺎﻨﻗﻹﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻗ ﺍﻭﻗﻭ
ﻡﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺏﻝ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻠﻝﺍ ﺭﻫﺍﻭﻅﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻜﻭ ،1
) ﻡﻠﻜﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻗ )
Elocutio
2( ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﺕﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ، .
ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺩﺎﻴﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻴﺩﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﺎﺒ ﺕﻴﻅﺤ ﺩﻗﻭ :
لﻜﺸ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﺴﺭﺩﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻴﺒﻭﻠﺴﻷﺍ لﺜﻤ
"
ﺕﺎﺨﺴﻨﺘﺴﻤ
ﺔﻴﺒﻭﻠﺴﺃ
"
ﺎﻬﻨﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻏﻼﺒﻝﺍﻭ ،
"
لﺎﺜﻤﻷﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻜﻓﻷﺍ Lieux communs
"
ﺭﻭﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻫﻭ ،
ﻲﻨﺎﺴﻠﻝﺍ
"
ﺔﻜﻭﻜﺴﻤ ﺭﻴﺒﺎﻌﺘ
"
ﺎﻬﻨﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﺴﺭﺩﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺜﺩﺎﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﺜ ،
"
ﻲﺜﺩﺎﺤﻤ ﻥﻴﺘﻭﺭ ﻭﺃ ﺔﺒﺎﺘﺭ
"
ﻡﻠﻋ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻓﺎﻀﻹﺎﺒ ،
ﺎﻬﻨﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﻨﺎﺴﺭﺩﻴ ﻥﻴﹶﺫﻝﺍ ،ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﺒﻭﺭﺜﻨﻷﺍﻭ ،ﻉﺎﻤﺘﺠﻹﺍ
"
ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺎﻋﻭ ﺭﻴﻴﺎﻌﻤ ."
ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻭ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻠﻝ ،ﻥﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ
ﻹﺎﺒ ،ﺓﺀﺍﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻥﻴﺯﺭﺒﻤ ،ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﻤﻴﻗ ﺙﻴﺤ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﺘﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻲﻓ ﺎﺒﻴﺼﻨ ،ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻤﺠﺒ ﻥﻴﻠﻐﺘﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻓﺎﻀ
ﺎﻫﺯﻭﻤﺭ لﺤﻭ ﺎﻬﻤﻬﻓ .
ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﺕﺎﺨﺴﻨﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ
ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻝ ﺎﻴﻓﺍﺭﻏﻭﺒﻴﺘ لﻜﺸ ﻲﻓ ﺩﹺﺭﺘ ﺔﻴﻠﺨﺍﺩﻭ ﺔﻴﺠﺭﺎﺨ ﺔﻴﺼﻨ ﺕﺎﺒﺘﻋ ﺎﻬﻨﺄﺒ
ﻻ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻋﺍﺩﺒﻹﺍ ﺔﻝﺎﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺭﻭ ﺎﻤﻭ ،ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻔﻠﺨ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺓﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍﻭ ﺀﺎﺤﻴﻹﺍﻭ ﻥﻴﻤﻀﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻝﺎﺤﻺﻝ ﺔﻴﺩﺎﻋﻭ ﺓﺯﺭﺎﺒ ﺔﻴﺭﺼﺒﻭ ﺎﻬﻨﻭﻜ ﻥﻋ ﺝﺭﺨﺘ ﻲﻠﻋﺎﻔﺘﻝﺍ ﺦﺴﻨﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﺍﻭﺤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻤﺇﻭ ﺓﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺎﻜﺎﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻤﺇ ﺎﻤﺌﺎﻗ ﺎﻴﺼﺎﻨﺘ ﺎﺒﺎﻁﺨ
.3
ﺎﻤﻤ ،ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺩﻌﺘﺘ ،ﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﻭ ﺩﺩﻌﺘ ﺭﺩﻘﺒﻭ ،ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻕﻠﺨﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻬﺠﻭ ﻥﺇ ﻲﻔﻓ ،ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﻝ ﺩﺤﺍﻭ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﻭﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺒﺎﺒﻀﻭ ﺎﻀﻭﻤﻏ ﻕﻠﺨﻴ
» ﻜﺘﻨ ،ﺔﻌﺌﺎﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻡﻠ
[...]
ﻥﻋ
ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺸﻴﻠﻜﻝﺍ )
ﺕﺎﺨﺴﻨﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ (
ﻥﻋ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺎﻨﻤﺎﻴﺃ ﻲﻓ لﻗﺃ لﻜﺸﺒﻭ ،ﺔﻌﺌﺎﺸﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻜﻓﻷﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻜﻓﻷﺍ ﻥﻋ ،ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻭﺃ ،
لﺫﺘﺒﻤﻝﺍ . ﺎﺤﻀﺍﻭ ﺱﻴﻝ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻅﺎﻔﻝﻸﻝ ﻡﻴﺴﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﻓ
4«
» ، ،ﺎﻬﺘﺭﺜﻜﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﺭﺍﺯﻐﺒ ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﺭﻁﻤﹸﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺙﺒﻠﻨ ﻻ ﺎﻨﻨﺇ
ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘﻝ :
ﺨﺴﻨﺘﺴﻤ ،ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻗ ﺕﺎ
) ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺸﻴﻠﻜ (
ﺕﺎﻴﻌﻀﻭﻤ ،ﺔﻤﺎﻋ ﺭﺎﻜﻓﺃ ، ﻩﺫﻫ لﻜﻓ ،ﺓﺩﻭﻬﻌﻤ ﺭﺎﻜﻓﺃ ،لﺫﺘﺒﻤ ،5
ﺯﻴﺎﻤﺘ ﻥﻭﺩ ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺼﺘ ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ .
ﻁﻴﺤﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺯﺠﺎﻋ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻥﺄﻜﻭ ،ﻲﺤﻠﻁﺼﻤ ﻡﺨﻀﺘ ﻡﺎﻤﺃ ﺎﻨﻨﺇ
ﺩﻘﻌﻤ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤﺒ
6« .
ﻥﻴﺒ ﺯﻴﻤﻨ ﺎﻨﻨﺈﻓ ،ﻑﻴﻨﺼﺘﻝﺍ ﺙﻴﺤ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻤﺃ
"
ﺔﻴﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ
"
ﻲﻏﻼﺒﻝﺍ ﻑﻴﻨﺼﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ –
ﻡﻅﻨﻝﺍﻭ ﻉﺎﻨﻗﻹﺍ -
،
ﻭ"
ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ "
ﺘﻝﺍ لﻌﻔﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻅﻔﻠ
. ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻝﺎﺒﻓ ﻠ
"
ﺱﻴﻴﺎﻔﻴﺩ dufays
"
ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﻤ ﻲﻤﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﺈﻓ ،
ﻲﺘﺎﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ -
ﺘﻝﺍ لﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﻴ ﻥﻴﺤ ﻲﻓ ،ﻲﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﺩﻴﻹﺍﻭ ﻲﻠﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﻤ ﻲﻋﺎﻨﻗﻹﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠﻝﺍﻭ ،ﻱﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻅﻔﻠ
ﺴﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﻲﺒﻭﻠﺴﻷﺍﻭ ﻲﻨﺎﺴﻠﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻴﻭﺘ .
ﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺹﺼﺨﻨﺴ ،ﻪﻴﻠﻋﻭ لﺎﻘﻤ
ﻥﻴﺒ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﺩﺨﺘﺴﻤ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﺕﺎﺨﺴﻨﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝ
،لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ لﺎﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﻭﺩﻝ ﺍﺭﻅﻨ ،ﻁﺭﺨﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍﻭ ﻁﺭﺨﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﻝﺅﻤﻝﺍ
» ﺯﻝﺭﺎﺸ لﺎﺜﻤﺃ ﻥﻤ ،ﻥﻴﺭﹼﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒﻓ
ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﺏﺎﺤﺼﺃﻭ ،ﺭﻴﺘﺎﻔﻴﺭ لﺎﺸﻴﻤﻭ ،لﻔﻴﺭﮔ لﻜﺸ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﺎﻤﺩﻨﻋ ﻰﺘﺤ ،ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺍ ﺩﺤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺍﻭﺒﻫﺫ ،
ﺓﺀﺍﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺃ ﺕﺍﻭﺩﺃ لﹼﻜﺸﺘ ،ﺕﺎﻁﺎﻁﺨ
7« ﻥﺄﺒ لﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺢﻠﺘ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻡﻬﺘﻴﻀﺭﻓ ﻥﺈﻓ ،ﺭﺨﺁ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﺒ ﻭﺃ ، :
» ،ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﻓ
ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻘﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤ ﺀﻲﺸ لﻜ لﺒﻗ ﻲﻀﺘﻘﻴ
8« ﻷ ،ﺓﺀﺍﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ لﻴﻬﺴﺘ ﻲﻓ ،ﺭﻴﺒﻜ لﻜﺸﺒ ،ﻡﻫﺎﺴﺘ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ،ﺔﻘﻴﻘﺤﻝﺍﻭ . ﺎﻬﻨ
ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻤﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﻥﻷ ؛ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﺇﻭ ﹼﺙﺒ ﺓﺭﻭﺭﻴﺴ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﻋﺎﺴﺘ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﻉﻭﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁ ﺱﻜﻌﺘ ﻥﻤ ﺱﻜﻌﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻤﺇ ،ﺍﺭﺘﺘﺴﻤ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻑﻭﺭﻌﻤ ﻪﻨﺃ ﺽﺭﺘﻔﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺀﺎﻘﺒﻹﺎﺒ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ ،ﺔﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻝﺍ لﺍﺯﺘﺨﺎﺒ ﺎﻤﺇ ،ﺢﻤﺴﻴ
ﺒﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﺇ ﻡﺜ ،ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻌﹼﻗﻭﺘ ﹸﺔﻔﻝﺎﺨﻤ ،ﻙﻝﺫ ﺢﺒﺼﺘ ،ﺎﻬﺴﻔﻨ ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜﻠﻝ ﻥﻴﻤﺘﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﻓﻸﻝ ،ﻙﺭﺘﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺙﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺓﺭ
ﹰﺓﻭﻋﺩ ﺩﻌﻴ ،ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻑﻭﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﻭﻬﺴ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍﻭ ﻑﻝﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻜﺭﺘﺸﻤ ﺎﻬﻨﺃ ﺽﺭﺘﻔﻴ ،ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤﻝ ﺕﺍﺭﺸﺅﻤ ﺎﻫﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻭﻜﻴﻝ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻠﻝ .
ﺩﻗ ،ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﻴﺸﻨ ﻥﺃ ﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻰﻘﺒﻴﻭ ﻥﻤ ﺫﺨﺂﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺜﻜﻠﻝ ﺎﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﻥﺎﻜ
ﺔﻴﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﺈﻓ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻊﻤﻭ ،ﻲﺼﺨﺸ ﻉﺍﺩﺒﺇ ﻥﻋ ﻡﻨﺘ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺔﻐﻠﺒ ﺏﺘﺎﻜﻝﺍ لﻼﻘﺘﺴﺍ ﻥﻭﺩ لﻭﺤﻴ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻥﺃ ﻯﻭﻋﺩﺒ ،ﺩﺎﻘﻨﻝﺍ لﺒﻗ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﺇ ﺀﺎﻨﺜﺃ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻋﻭﻨ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺤﺎﺠﻨ ﻯﺩﻤﻭ ،ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﻝ ﻪﻔﻴﻅﻭﺘﻭ ﺏﺘﺎﻜﻝﺍ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁﺒ ﺔﻨﻭﻫﺭﻤ ﻰﻘﺒﺘ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﻪﻠﻤﻋ .
ﺔﻴﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ :
ﻥﻤ لﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻡﻫﺎﺴﻴ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﻻﺍ
ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺩﺍﺩﻋﺇ ﻲﻓ ﻕﻤﻌﺒ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ
ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻗ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻡﺴﻘﻨﻴ ﻭﻬﻓ ﻙﻝﺫﻝ ،ﻪﻝﺎﺒﻘﺘﺴﺍ ﺍﺫﻜﻭ
ﻡﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻗﻭ ،ﻉﺎﻨﻗﻹﺍ .
.1.1 ﻉﺎﻨﻗﻹﺍ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻗ :
،ﻰﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺔﺠﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺯﻴﻴﻤﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺒ ﻻ ،ﻕﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﻁﺭﺨﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﻝﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻌﻀﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻫﻭ
،ﺔﻬﺠ ﻥﻤ ،ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﺇ ﻲﻓ ﻼﻌﻓ ﺔﻤﻫﺎﺴﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﻭﺤ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻫﺩﺠﻨ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ،ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﺼﺘ ﺕﺤﺘ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺔﻬﺠ ﻥﻤ ،ﺔﻴﺩﺎﻋ ﺕﺎﺜﺩﺎﺤﻤ ﺱﻜﻌﺘﻭ ،ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﻭﺠﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻫﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺔﺠﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻗﻭ .
ﺃ ( ﻰﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺔﺠﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻉﺎﻨﻗﻹﺍ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻗ :
ﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻫﻭ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜ ﻭﻴﺴﻭﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻬﺠﺍﻭﻝﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﻨﻴﺒﺘﻨ ﻲ ﻝ
،ﺀﺎﻴﺸﻷﺍ ،ﻥﻜﺎﻤﻷﺍ ،ﺕﺎﻴﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍ ،ﻥﻴﺭﻭﻬﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﻓﻷﺍ»
ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻭﻅﻨﻤ ،ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍ ،ﺏﺭﺎﺠﺘﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺭﻫﺎﻅﻤﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻨﻤﺯﻷﺍ ،ﺕﺎﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ
9«
، ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﺈﻓ ،ﻥﺫﺇ
ﻘﻝﺍﻭ ﻁﺭﺨﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﻝﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺭﺍﻭﺤﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻫﺭﻭﺩ ﺏﻌﻠﺘ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻁﺭﺨﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺉﺭﺎ
: ،ﻑﻝﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﻉﺍﺩﺒﺇ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺯﺠ ﻲﻬﻓ
ﺎﻫﺯﻭﻤﺭ ﻙﻔﺒ ﻡﻭﻘﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋﻭ .
.1 ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻭﻅﻨﻤ :
ﻡﺴﻗ ﺩﻘﻝ
"
ﻥﻴﺘﺨﺎﺒ "
ﺔﻴﺘﺎﺠﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﻫﻭ ،ﻥﻴﻔﻨﺼ ﻰﻝﺇ ،ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ
"
ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻨﻭﻤﻝﺍ "
ﺔﻴﺭﺍﻭﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍﻭ
"
ﺔﻴﮔﻭﻝﺎﻴﺩﻝﺍ
"
.10
ﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﻀ ﻑﹼﻨﺼﹼﺘ ،ﺔﻴﺌﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻲﻤﻨﺎﻐﺘﺴﻤ ﺔﻴﺜﻼﺜ ﺕﻤﺍﺩ ﺎﻤﻭ ﺔﻴﮔﻭﻝﺎ
ﺓﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﺯﺍﺭﺒﺇ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻤﻌﺘ ﺎﻬﻨﺈﻓ ،
،ﻥﻴﺩﺩﻌﺘﻤ لﺎﻁﺒﺃ ﺩﻭﺠﻭ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻏﺭﻝﺎﺒﻓ ،ﺎﻬﻤﺩﺨﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺩﻭﺩﺤ ﻲﻓ ﻻﺇ ﺔﻀﹺﺭﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻜﻓﻷﺍ ﺭﻭﻀﺤﺒ ﺢﻤﺴﺘ ﻻﻭ ،ﺎﻫﺩﻴﻜﺄﺘﻭ ،ﺓﺩﺤﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻉﻭﻨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﺇ ،ﻩﺭﻅﻨ ﺔﻬﺠﻭﺒ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻉﺎﻨﻗﺇ ﺽﺭﻐﺒ ،ﻥﻭﻝﻭﻘﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺀﻼﻤﺈﺒ ﻡﻬﻬﻴﺠﻭﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻰﻌﺴﻴ ﺏﺘﺎﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻻﺇ ﻥﺫﺇ ،ﻲﺌﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺏﺘﺎﻜﻠﻝ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺏﺼﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺼﻴ ﺎﻤﺒ ﻻﺇ ﻕﻴﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﺤﺒ ﺔﺘﺒﻝﺍ ﺢﻤﺴﻴ ﻻ ،
.11
ﻡﻨﺘ ،ﺭﺎﻜﻓﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻁﺒﺍﺭﺘﻤ ﺔﻜﺒﺸ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻭﺩﻌﺘ ﻻ ،ﻲﻤﻨﺎﻐﺘﺴﻤ ﺕﺎﻴﺍﻭﺭ ﺭﺒﻋ ﺔﺜﻭﺜﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻭﻅﻨﻤ ﻥﺈﻓ ﻙﻝﺫﻝ
،ﺔﻀﺭﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺽﻓﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﺘﻭﺒ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺼﻴ ،ﺢﻀﺍﻭ ﻲﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﺩﻴﺇ ﻪﺠﻭﺘ ﻥﻋ ﻻﻭ ،ﺎﻬﻓﺍﺩﻫﺃﻭ ﺔﻴﺭﻴﺭﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺜﻝﺍ ﺽﻗﺎﻨﻴ ﺎﻤ لﻜﻝ
لﻼﻘﺘﺴﻹﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﻭﺘ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﺒ ﻁﺎﺤﺃ ﺎﻤﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺭﻴﺭﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺜﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺤﻤ لﻭﺤ ﺭﻭﺩﺘ ﺎﻬﻠﻜ ﺕﺎﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺕﻤﺍﺩ ﺎﻤ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺒﺍﺭﻏ .
ﻅﻔﻝ ﻭﻫ ،ﺎﻨﻓﺩﺎﺼﻴ ﺎﻤ لﻭﺃﻭ
"
ﺓﺭﻭﺜﻝﺍ "
ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻝﺇ ﺭﺎﺸﺃ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ
"
لﺎﺒﻭﻁ ﻥﺒ ﺩﻝﺎﺨ "
ﻲﻓ
"
ﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻜﺍﺫ
"
ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺜﻜﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ،
ﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺘﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﻑﺭﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻉﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﺭﺤﻴﻝ ،ﻑﻗﺍﻭﻤﻝ :
،ﻥﻭﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺠﺴﻝﺍ ،ﺍﻭﻁﻘﺴ ﻥﻴﺫﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﻬﺸﻝﺍ ﻑﻻﺁ
ﻲﺘﺄﺘ ﻡﺜ ،ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺜﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻴﻋﺍﺭﺯﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺜﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻨﺼﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺜﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻴﺭﺎﻤﻌﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺔﻗﺎﻤﺤﻝﺍ ،ﺭﻴﺭﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﺭﺤﻝ ﻥﻭﻴﺨﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﻲﻫﻭ ،ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻭ ﺩﻝﺎﺨ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺏﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ،ﺔﻴﻨﻴﻁﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻀﻘﻝﺎﻜ ،ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻘﻝ ﺍﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺎﻗﺎﻴﺴ ﺢﺘﻔﺘﻝ ،ﺭﻀﺎﺤﻝﺎﺒ ﺦﻴﺭ
ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺸ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻠﹼﺜﻤﻤ
"
ﺩﺎﻴﺯ ﺭﻋﺎﺸﻝﺍ
"
ﻲﻓ ﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻁﺍﺭﺨﻨﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺯﺭﺒﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﺎﺴﻴﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍﻭ ،
"
ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻬﺒﺠﻝﺍ
ﻥﻴﻁﺴﻠﻓ ﺭﻴﺭﺤﺘﻝ "
.12
ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻫﺎﺼﻗﺃ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅﻝﺍ لﺼﺘﻭ
"
ﺱﺍﻭﺤﻝﺍ ﻰﻀﻭﻓ
"
ﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻁﻠﺴﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻊﻤﺠﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ، ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺭﻜﺴﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴ
ﺕﺎﻤﺴ ﺎﻬﻝ ﺩﺠﻨ ﺎﻨﻨﻜﻝﻭ ،ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺤﺍﺭﺼ ﺭﻜﺫﹸﺘ ﻻ ﺩﻗ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻫﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻁﺍﺭﻘﻤﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻓﺎﻀﻹﺎﺒ ،ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺼﻷﺍ
ﺔﻴﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﺴ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ،ﺔﻴﺒﻝﺍﻭﻗ
"
ﺓﺎﻴﺤ
"
،ﻻﻭﺃ ،ﺔﻁﻠﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤﻓ ،ﻲﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺏﻝﺎﻗ ﻲﻓ ،ﺕﺎﻴﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺭﺍﻭﺤﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ،
ﺭﻭﺘﺎﺘﻜﺩ ﻥﻤ ﺃﺩﺒﻴ ﻡﻫﺩﻌﺒ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻫﺩﻻﻭﺃ ﻪﹶﺜﹺﺭﻴﻝ ﻥﻭﻁﻁﺨﻴ ﻡﺜ ،ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﻯﺩﻤ ﻡﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﺴﺭﺎﻤﻴ ﻥﻴﺫﻝﺍ ﺏﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴ
:
» ﺔﻴﻀﻗ لﻜ ﻲﻓ ﺀﺎﻫﺩﺒ ﺎﻨﻴﻠﻋ ﺍﻭﺩﻴﺍﺯ ﻡﺎﹼﻜﺤ ﺎﻫﺭﻴﺩﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻜﺎﻜﺩﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ...
ﺎﻨﻭﻋﺎﺒ
"
ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﻡﺃ "
ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻗﻭ
ﺍﻭ ﻲﹼﻠﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻬﺘﻝﻼﻝ ﺓﺯﻫﺎﺠ ،ﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺏﺴﺤ ﺔﺒﹼﻠﻌﻤ ،ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﻲﻤﻭﻘﻝ
. ﺎﻌﻴﻤﺠ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺎﻨﻀﻀﻘﻨﺎﻓ
ﻲﻝﺎﺜﻤ ﺀﺎﺒﻐﺒ .
ﺩﻴﻗ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻫﺩﻻﻭﺃﻭ ﻡﻫ ﺍﻭﻝﺍﺯ ﺎﻤ ﻡﻬﻨﺃ ،ﻥﺍﻭﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﻭﻓ ﺩﻌﺒ ،ﻑﺸﺘﻜﻨﻝ ،ﺎﻨﻤﺎﻫﻭﺄﺒ ﻥﻴﻤﻤﺴﺘﻤ ﺎﻨﺘﻤ ﻡﺜ
ﺎﻨﻀﺎﻘﻨﺃ ﻕﻭﻓ ﻡﻫﺩﻼﻴﻤ ﺩﺎﻴﻋﺄﺒ ﻥﻭﻠﻔﺘﺤﻴ ،ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ..
ﺔﻤﺩﺎﻘﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺠﻸﻝ ﺎﻨﻤﻜﺤﻝ ﻥﻭﻁﻁﺨﻴﻭ
13«
ﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺭﺒﻋ ﺔﻁﻠﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤﻝ ﺔﺠﺭﺩﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﺇ ﺍﺫﻫ ﹺﻡﺩﻫ ﺔﻴﻨ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﻑﺸﺘﺴﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ،ﻲﻤﻨﺎﻐﺘﺴﻤ
ﺔﺒﺎﺘﻜﻠﻝ ﻱﺯﺎﺠﻨﻹﺍ لﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻁﺴﺍﻭﺒ ،ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤﻝﺍ .
ﺔﻁﻠﺴﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﺇ ،ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻁﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺤ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻨﺎﻜﻤ ﺎﻬﻝ ﺩﺠﺘ ﻥﺃ لﻭﺎﺤﺘ ،ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺕﺎﻁﻠﺴ لﻤﺸﻴﻝ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻊﺴﺘﻴﻭ ﺀﺍﺭﺜﻝﺍﻭ لﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻁﻠﺴ ﻡﺜ ،ﺔﻴﻨﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻁﻠﺴﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺭﻜﺴﻌﻝﺍ :
ﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻘﺒﻋ ﻥﻤﻜﺘ ،ﺍﺫﻜﻫﻭ ﺎﻬﺒ ﺎﻨﻨﻭﻔﻴﺨﻴﺴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻜﺴﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﺫﺒﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﻋﺍﺭﺘﺨﺍ ﻲﻓ ،ﺭﻜﺴﻌﻝ
.
ﷲﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺏﺭﻗﺃﻭ ﺀﺎﻘﻨ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﻡﻬﻨﺄﻜﻭ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻥﻭﺩﺒﻴﺴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻴﺜﻝ ﻡﻬﻋﺍﺭﺘﺨﺍ ﻲﻓ ،ﻥﻴﺩﻝﺍ لﺎﺠﺭ ﺀﺎﻫﺩ ﻥﻤﻜﻴﻭ ﺎﹼﻨﻤ . ﻥﻴﻤﻤﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﺒﻜﻝ ﺕﺎﻌﻴﻗﻭﺘ ﻡﻬﻋﺍﺭﺘﺨﺍ ﻲﻓ ،ﺀﺎﻴﺭﺜﻷﺍ ﺀﺎﻜﺫﻭ .
ﻴﺒ ﻊﻀﻴﻭ ،ﺎﹼﻨﻋ ﻡﻫﺯﻴﻤﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺏﺎﻴﺜﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺍﻭﺩﺘﺭﻴ ﻲﻜ ﺎﻨﻨ
ﺔﺤﻀﺍﻭ ﺔﻓﺎﺴﻤ ﻡﻬﻨﻴﺒﻭ
14!
ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻁﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺎﻨﻤﺘﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻁﻠﺴﻝﺍ ﻻ ،ﺱﺎﺒﻠﻝﺍ ﺔﻁﻠﺴ ،ﻥﺫﺇ ﺭﻫﺎﻅﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻁﻠﺴ ﻲﻫ .
ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓﻭ
"
ﺱﺍﻭﺤﻝﺍ ﻰﻀﻭﻓ
"
ﺔﻴﻀﻗ ﺢﺒﺼﻴﻝ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻡﻼﺤﻷﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﻁﻭﻠﻝ لﻴﺩﺒﻜ ،ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺼﻷﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﺭﻬﻅﻴ ،
"
ﺭﺼﺎﻨ "
ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ : ﻪﻤﻼﺤﺃ ﺱﻼﻓﺇﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻨﻁﻭﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺎﺒﻴﺨ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻪﺘﻴﻀﻗ ﺩﺠﻴﻝ ﺄﻀﻭﺘ ،ﺢﺼﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻭﺃ ،ﺔﺒﻭﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻴﺩﻴ لﺴﻏ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻭﻘﻝﺍ
ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺼﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ .15
ﺎﻬﻨﺇ
"
ﺔﻴﻭﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺼﻷﺍ
"
ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴ ﺔﻬﺠﺍﻭ ﻡﻫﺃ ،ﺕﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺭﻤ ﻊﻤ ﺢﺒﺼﺃ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﻭﺃ ،
ﺏﺍﺭﻀﺇ ﺀﺎﻨﺜﺃ ﺔﺼﺎﺨﺒﻭ ،ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ لﻁﺒﻝﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺔﺒﺘﺎﻜﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻝﺇ ﺭﻴﺸﺘ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ،1991
"
ﺩﻝﺎﺨ :"
ﺔﻤﺨﻀ ﻡﻭﻨ ﻑﺭﻏ ﻰﻝﺇ لﻴﻠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﺼﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺤﺎﺴ ﺕﻝﻭﺤﺘ ﺩﻘﻝ .
ﺽﺭﻷﺍ ﻥﻭﻴﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺵﺭﺘﻓﺍ .
ﻥﻭﻀﻬﻨﻴ ﻻ
ﺡﺎﺒﺼﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻻﺇ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ .
ﺕﺍﺩﻴﺩﻬﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻕﻼﻁﻹ ..
ﷲﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻴﻋﺩﻷﺍﻭ
16..
ﻲﻝﻭﻴ ﻻ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻨﺎﻌﻤ ﻯﺩﻤﻭ ﺓﺃﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻀﻗ ﻲﻫ ،ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺔﻴﻀﻗ ﺔﺒﺘﺎﻜﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﻝ ﺯﺭﺒﹸﺘ ،ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﺴﻤ لﻼﺨﻭ
ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﺠﻴﻝ ،ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻘﻝﺍ لﺨﺍﺩﺘﺘ ،ﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺏﻭﻠﺴﻷﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁﺒﻭ ،ﺎﻬﻴﺃﺭ ﻥﻋ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﺤ ﺎﻬﺤﻨﻤﻴ ﻻﻭ ،ﺎﻤﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﺎﻬﻝ ﻡﻼﻜ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻬﻅﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﺎﻘﺤ ﺓﺃﺭﻤﻠﻝ ﻉﺍﺭﺘ ﻡﻝ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻁﺍﺭﻘﻤﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﻲﻬﻓ ،ﻱﺩﹺﺠ لﻜﺸﺒ ﺙﺍﺩﺤﻷﺍ ﺓﺭﻴﺎﺴﻤﺒ ﺎﻤﺯﻠﻤ
"
ﺓﺎﻴﺤ "
ﺎﻬﻴﺨﺃ ﻊﻤ
"
ﺭﺼﺎﻨ :"
ﻔﻴ ﻡﻝ ﻪﺘﻤﹼﻠﻌﺘ ﺎﻤ ﺀﻲﺸ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻨﺩ
. ﻱﺭﻴﺼﻤ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻰﺘﺤ ﻻﻭ .
؟ﻥﻴﺭﺨﻵﺍ ﺭﻴﺼﻤ ﺭﺭﻗﺃ ﻥﺃ ﺩﻴﺭﺘ ﻑﻴﻜﻓ
ﺎﻴﻤﺴﺭ ﺎﻬﺒ ﺎﻓﺭﺘﻌﻤ ﺎﺒﺯﺤ ﻥﻴﺘﺴ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﺔﻤﺜ .
ﺏﻌﺸﻝﺍ لﻴﺜﻤﺘ ﺎﻬﺘﻤﻬﻤﻭ .
ﻩﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻉﺎﻓﺩﻝﺍﻭ .
ﺎﻨﺃ ﺎﻤﺃ
ﻲﻨﻋ ﻊﻓﺍﺩﻴﻝ ﺏﺯﺤ ﺩﺠﻭﻴ ﻼﻓ .
ﺕﻨﺃ ﻰﺘﺤﻭ ..
ﺏﺠﻌﺘ ﺍﺫﺎﻤﻠﻓ ،ﺀﻲﺸ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻴﺃﺭ ﻥﻋ ﻡﻭﻴﻝﺍ لﺒﻗ ﻲﻨﻝﺄﺴﺘ ﻡﻝ
ﺍ ﻲﻝ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻻ ﻥﺃ ؟ﻱﺃﺭ ﻡﻭﻴﻝ
ﺕﻤﺼﻴ . ﻡﻼﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻯﻭﺩﺠ ﺩﺠﻴ ﻻ ﻭﺃ ،ﻪﻝﻭﻘﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺩﺠﻴ ﻻ ﻪﻨﺄﻜﻭ .17
ﺕﻤﺼﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻨﻌﻤ ﺎﻤ ﻡﻬﻔﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻠﻝﻭ
"
ﺭﺼﺎﻨ "
لﺍﺩﺠ ﻻ ﺔﻘﻴﻘﺤ ﻪﺘﻝﺎﻗ ﺎﻤ ﻥﺄﺒ ﺔﺒﺘﺎﻜﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﺤﻴﺇ ﻪﻨﺇ ،ﻪﻝﻭﻘﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺩﺠﻴ ﻻﻭ
ﺎﻬﻴﻓ . ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﺭﻬﻅﻴ ،ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺼﻷﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤﻝ ﺓﺍﺯﺍﻭﻤﻭ
"
ﺏﺎﻫﺭﻹﺍ "
ﺔﺤﻔﺼﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ :
ﺓﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻠﻝ ﺎﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﺢﺒﺼﻴﻭ ،212
"
ﺭﻴﺭﺴ ﺭﺒﺎﻋ
"
ﺭﻭﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﻗ ﻲﻜﺤﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ،
"
ﺩﻝﺎﺨ
"
،ﻡﺎﻌﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﻔﺤﺼ ﺓﺭﻭﺼ لﻀﻓﻷ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺓﺯﺌﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ لﺼﺤ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ،
ﺓﺭﺯﺠﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺎﺠﻨ لﻔﻁﻝ ﺎﻬﻁﻘﺘﻝﺇ ﺓﺭﻭﺼ ﻲﻫﻭ
"
ﺔﺤﻠﻁ ﻥﺒ
"
ﻗ ﻥﺎﻜﺴ ﺎﻬﺘﻴﺤﻀ ﺡﺍﺭ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ، ﺎﻬﻠﻤﻜﺄﺒ ﺔﻴﺭ
.
.2 ﺔﻨﻜﻤﻷﺍ : ﺝﺭﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻌﺠﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ ﻥﻜﺎﻤﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻕﻠﻁﻨﻴ ،ﺎﺼﺎﺨ ﺍﺩﻌﺒ ﻲﻤﻨﺎﻐﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﺌﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻨﻜﻤﻷﺍ ﺫﺨﺄﺘ -
،ﺔﻴﺌﺍﻭﺭ
ﻥﺎﻜﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻼﻘﻨﺘﻤ ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﺩﺠﻴ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﺒ ؛ﻲﺌﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ لﺨﺍﺩ ﻻﺇ ﺔﻴﻌﺠﺭﻤ ﺎﻬﻝ ﺩﺠﻨ ﻻ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻜﺎﻤﻷﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻲﺌﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ،ﻲﻌﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻠﻝ ﻲﻝﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺩﻌﺒﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺎﺒﺴﺎﻨﺘﻤ ﺔﺒﺘﺎﻜﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺩﺍﺭﺃ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ
.
• ﻥﺩﻤﻝﺍ :
ﻲﺘﻴﺍﻭﺭ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻨﻴﻁﻨﺴﻗ ﺔﻨﻴﺩﻤﻓ
"
ﺱﺍﻭﺤﻝﺍ ﻰﻀﻭﻓﻭ ﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻜﺍﺫ
"
ﻥﺃ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺒ ﺙﺍﺩﺤﻸﻝ ﻱﺭﻭﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻫ ،
ﺙﺍﺩﺤﻷﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻭﺒﻋ ﻁﺎﻘﻨ ﻯﻭﺴ لﹼﻜﺸﺘ ﻻ ﻯﺭﺨﻷﺍ ﻥﻜﺎﻤﻷﺍ .18
ﻝﺍ ﺔﺠﻬﻠﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﻭﻴﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﻭﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﺇ ﺕﻻﻭﻜﺄﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺱﺍﺭﻋﻷﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺩﻴﻠﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺱﺒﻼﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﺎﻏﻷﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﺎﻌ
..
ﺎﻬﻠﻜ ،
ﺔﻨﻴﻁﻨﺴﻗ ﺔﻨﻴﺩﻤ ﻥﻋ ﺔﺨﺴﻨﺘﺴﻤ ﺓﺭﻭﺼ لﹼﻜﺸﺘﻝ ،ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ لﻘﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺒﺘﺎﻜﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﻜﺭﺤ ،ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻋ .
ﺓﺎﻴﺤ ﻲﻫﻭ ﺔﻨﻴﻁﻨﺴﻗ ﻲﻬﻓ
ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻠﻝ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻝﺎﺒ
"
ﺩﻝﺎﺨ :"
ﺔﻘﻫﺎﺸ ﺔﻨﻴﺩﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻙﻝﻭﺤﺃ ﻥﺃ ﻱﺭﺴ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺭﺭﻗﻭ ..
ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻋ ،ﺔﺨﻤﺎﺸ ..
ﻥﻝ ،ﺔﻘﻴﻤﻋ ﺔﻨﺼﺍﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﻻﻭ ﻡﺍﺯﻗﻷﺍ ﺎﻬﻝﺎﻁﻴ
.
ﺎﻤ ﺔﻨﻴﻁﻨﺴﻗ ﻲﻨﻭﻜﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻙﻴﻠﻋ ﺕﻤﻜﺤ
19..
ﻥﻁﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻫﻭ :
ﺔﻨﻴﻁﻨﺴﻗ ﻱﺫ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻫ ..
ﺕﻨﺃ ﺀﻲﺸ لﻜ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻫﻭ .
[...]
ﻥﻁﻭﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻪﺠﻭﻝ ﺎﻬﺠﻭ ﻲﻨﻌﻀﺘ .
ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﻭﻨﺴﻝﺍ ﻭﺩﺒﺘﻓ ،ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻋ ﺔﻨﻴﺩﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻨﻨﺄﺒ ﻙﺸﻠﻝ لﺎﺠﻤ ﻥﻭﺩ ﻲﻨﺭﹼﻜﺫﺘ
ﺎﻴﻓﺍﺭﺨ ﺎﻤﻠﺤ ﺱﻴﺭﺎﺒ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﺘﻴﻀﻗ .20
،ﺔﻴﺎﻬﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ،ﻲﻫﻭ ﺓﺭﻭﻁﺴﻷﺍ
:
ﺀﻲﺸ لﻜ ﻲﻓ ﺯﺎﺠﻴﻹﺍ ﻩﺭﻜﺘ ﺔﻨﻴﺩﻤ ﺔﻨﻴﻁﻨﺴﻗ ﻥﻜﻝﻭ .
ﺎﻤﺌﺍﺩ ﺎﻫﺩﻨﻋ ﺎﻤ ﺩﺭﻔﺘ ﺎﻬﻨﺇ .
ﻙﻠﻤﺘ ﺎﻤ ّلﻜ ﺱﺒﻠﺘ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺎﻤﺎﻤﺘ .
ﻑﺭﻌﺘ ﺎﻤ ّلﻜ لﻭﻘﺘﻭ .
ﺔﻨﻴﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﻴﻝﻭ ﻥﺯﺤﻝﺍ ﻰﺘﺤ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺍﺫﻬﻝﻭ .21
ﻲﻓﻭ
"
ﺱﺍﻭﺤﻝﺍ ﻰﻀﻭﻓ
"
،ﺔﻤﺼﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﺩﻤﻝ ﺔﺨﺴﻨﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﻝ ﻯﺩﺒﺘﺘ ، ،ﺔﻴﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻝﺇ لﻘﺘﻨﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ
ﺔﻨﻴﺩﻤﻭ ﻰﻀﻭﻔﻠﻝ ﺔﻨﻴﺩﻤﻭ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘﻠﻝ ﺔﻨﻴﺩﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻙﻝﺫﺒ لﻭﺤﺘﺘﻓ ،ﺭﺤﺒﻝﺎﺒ ﻊﺘﻤﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﺤﺍﺭﻝﺍ لﺠﺃ ﻥﻤ ،ﺎﻬﺠﻭﺯ ﻥﻤ ﺡﺍﺭﺘﻗﺎﺒ
ﺓﺩﻫﺎﺠﻤﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﻋﺭﺸ ﺔﺜﻴﺭﻭ ﺎﻬﺴﻔﻨ ﻲﻓ ﻯﺭﺘ ﹲﺔﻠﻁﺒ ،ﺎﻬﻘﻴﺸﻌﺒ ﺔﻠﻁﺒﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺠﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﺍﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎﻘﻠﻝﺍﻭ ﺩﻴﻋﺍﻭﻤﻠﻝ
"
ﺔﻠﻴﻤﺠ
ﺩﺭﻴﺤﻭﺒ
"
ﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻨﺃ ﻻﺇ ، ﺕﺍﺭﺠﻔﺘﻤﻝﺍ لﺩﺒ ﺓﻭﻬﺸﻝﺎﺒ ﺎﺨﺨﻔﻤ ﺍﺩﺴﺠ ﺎﻬﺘﺀﺎﺒﻋ ﺕﺤﺘ ﺊﺒﺨﺘ ،ﻕﺸﻋ ﺔﻠﻁﺒ ﺓ
. ﺔﻝﺎﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﺇ
ﺔﻴﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ لﻤﻋ ﻥﻋ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻴ ﻻ ﻲﺌﺍﺩﻓ لﻤﻋ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺭﻴﺤﻭﺒ ﺔﻠﻴﻤﺠ ﻪﺒ ﺕﻤﺎﻗ ﺎﻤ ﻥﺃ ﻑﺸﺘﻜﻴﻝ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻠﻝ ﺔﻬﺠﻭﻤﻝﺍ
"
ﺓﺎﻴﺤ
"
ﻪﻨﻷ ، لﻜﺸ
لﺎﻜﺸﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﺘﻴﺭﺤ لﺠﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺃﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺡﺎﻔﻜ
.
ﻲﻓﻭ
"
ﺭﻴﺭﺴ ﺭﺒﺎﻋ
"
ﻻﻵ ﺍﺫﻼﻤ ﺱﻴﺭﺎﺒ ﺢﺒﺼﺘ ، ﻪﺘﻔﹼﻠﺨ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻱﻭﻤﺩﻝﺍ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ لﻭﻫ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻴﺭﺎﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻑ
ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﺴﻝ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺀﺎﺠ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﺔﺤﻴﺭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻠﻝ ﺎﻴﻤﺘﺤ ﻼﻴﺩﺒ ﺢﺒﺼﺘ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﻥﻤﺃﹼﻼﻝﺍﻭ ﻑﻨﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﹲﺕﺍﻭﻨﺴ
"
ﺩﻝﺎﺨ :"
،ﺎﻬﺴﺃﺭ ﻭﺤﻨ ﻥﻭﻤﺭﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺒﻭﺼ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﺎﺼﺭﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﻥﺃﻭ ،ﺱﻴﺭﺎﺒ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻙﺘﻘﺒﺴ ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻑﺭﻌﺘﺴ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺩﺘﻴ ﺎﻬﻓﺯﻨ ﺕﻠﻌﺠ ﻥﺃﻭ ،ﻥﻴﺜﺤﺎﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﺀﺎﺒﻁﻷﺍﻭ ﻥﻴﻴﺤﺭﺴﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﻴﻤﺎﺴﺭﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﻴﻴﺌﺎﻤﻨﻴﺴﻝﺍﻭ ﺏﺎﹼﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺸﻌﺒ ﺎﻨﻫ ﻕﻓ
ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﻴﻔﹼﻘﺜﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻘﺒ ﺎﻤ ﺓﺩﻨﺎﺴﻤﻝ ﺕﺎﻴﻌﻤﺠ ﺓﺩﻋ ﺱﻴﺴﺄﺘﺒ ﻡﺎﻗ ،ﺕﺎﺘﺸﻝﺍ ﻲﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺝﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﺏﻋﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﻀﺒﻗ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﻗ .22
ﻨﻴﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺱﻴﺭﺎﺒ ﻙﺎﻨﻫ ،ﺔﻴﻘﻴﻘﺤﻝﺍ ﺱﻴﺭﺎﺒ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻓﺎﻀﻹﺎﺒ ﻪﻨﺇ
ﻥﻴﻘﺸﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﻌﻤﺠ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ،ﺔﺜﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺔ :
ﻻﻭ ،ﻲﺘﻨﻴﺩﻤ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﻻ ،ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻻﻭ ﺔﻨﻴﻁﻨﺴﻗ ﺕﺴﻴﻝ ﺔﺜﻝﺎﺜ ﺔﻨﻴﺩﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺝﺎﺘﺤﻨ ﺎﻨﻨﺇ لﻭﻘﺘ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻫ ﺕﺴﻴﻝﺃ ﺎﻬﺘﻨﻴﺩﻤ .
؟ﺭﻋﺫ ﻥﻭﺩﺒ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻲﻘﺘﻠﻨ ،ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻑﻭﺨﻝﺍ ﺔﻁﺭﺎﺨ ﺝﺭﺎﺨ ﺔﻨﻴﺩﻤ 23
ﺤﺒﻴ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ لﻌﺠﺘﻝ ،ﺔﻴﺌﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺭﺎﺘﺨﺍ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﻜﻤﻷﺍ ﺭﻭﻜﻴﺩ ﻪﻨﺇ
،ﺔﻴﻌﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻪﻝﺎﻴﺨﺒ ﺭ
ﺕﺎﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺙﺍﺩﺤﻷ ﺎﺤﺭﺴﻤ ﺕﺤﺒﺼﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﺩﻤﻝﺍﻭ .
• ﺔﻨﻴﻁﻨﺴﻗ ﺭﺴﺠ :
ﻭﺃ ﺔﻨﻴﻁﻨﺴﻗ ﺭﺴﺠﻝ ﺔﺨﺴﻨﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺫﺨﺄﺘ )
لﺎﺒﺤﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻁﻨﻗ (
ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﻭﻬﻓ ،ﺎﻘﻴﻤﻋ ﺎﻴﺯﻤﺭﻭ ﺎﻴﺌﺍﻭﺭ ﺍﺩﻌﺒ ،
ﺎﻫﺎﻤﺴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻝﺎﺨ ﻡﺎﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﺤﻭﻝ
"
ﻥﻴﻨﺤ
"
ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝ ﺎﻤﺃﻭﺘ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﺢﺒﺼﺘﻝ ، ،لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍﻭ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻠﻝ ﺍﺯﻤﺭ ﺭﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﺢﺒﺼﻴﻭ ،
ﺙﺍﺩﺤﻷﺍ ﺭﻭﺤﻤ ﺔﻨﻴﻁﻨﺴﻗ ﺔﻨﻴﺩﻤﻝ ﺍﺯﻤﺭﻭ ،ﺭﻀﺎﺤﻝﺎﺒ ﻲﻀﺎﻤﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﺇ .
ﺢﻀﺘﺘ ﻡﻝ ،ﻡﺎﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﻝﺎﺨﻝ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻝﺎﺒ ﺭﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﻘﺤ ﻥﻜﻝ
ﻪﺘﺎﺤﻭﻠﻝ ﺩﺎﻴﺯ ﻲﻨﻴﻁﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﻋﺎﺸﻝﺍ ﻪﺒ ﻡﺎﻗ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻻﺇ :
ﻲﻓ ﻡﺜ ﺡﺭﻓ ﻲﻓ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺔﺤﻭﻝ ﺭﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻊﻤ ﺩﺤﻭﺘ ﺩﻘﻝ ﻪﺘﻴﻗﻭﺘﺒ ﺵﺎﻋ ﻪﻨﺄﻜﻭ ،ﺔﻤﺘﻌﻝﺍ ﻰﺘﺤ ﺝﺭﺩﺘﻤ ﻥﺯﺤ
ﻼﻤﺎﻜ ﺍﺭﻤﻋ ﻭﺃ ﺎﻤﻭﻴ ..
ﺎﻘﻠﻌﻤ ﻰﻘﺒﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ لﺍﺅﺴﻝﺍ ﻪﻨﺇ ؟ﺭﺠﻔﻝﺍ ﻁﻴﺨ ﻊﻤ ﺩﻝﻭﻴ ﻡﺃ ﺭﻀﺘﺤﻴ ﻩﺍﺭﺘﺃ ؟لﻴﻠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﺩﺒ ﻡﺃ ﺫﺌﺩﻨﻋ ﺢﺒﺼﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﺩﺒ ﻯﺭﺘﺃ ﺀﻲﺸ ﻱﺃ ﻥﻷ ،ﺭﻤﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺙﻌﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﻭﻤﻝﺎﺒ ،ﺭﻤﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺀﻭﻀﻝﺍﻭ لﻅﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﻌﻠﺒ ﺍﺩﺭﺎﻁﻤ ،ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺔﺤﻭﻝ ﺭﺴﺠﻝﺎﻜ ﻪﻌﻤ ﻪﺘﻭﻤ لﻤﺤﻴ ﺀﻲﺸ ﻭﻫ ﺽﺭﻷﺍﻭ ﺀﺎﻤﺴﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻕﻠﻌﻤ .24
ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﻡﺴﺭﻴ ﻭﻬﻓ ،ﺭﻴﻏ ﻻ ﻪﺘﺭﻭﺼ ﺎﻬﻨﺇ ،ﺭﻭﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﻡﺴﺭﺒ ﺩﻝﺎﺨ ﻡﺎﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﻘﺤﻭ ،ﺭﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﻘﺤ ﺭﺠﻔﻨﺘ ﺫﺌﺩﻨﻋ
،ﺎﻬﻠﻴﺒﺴ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻋﺍﺭﺫ ﺩﻘﻓﻭ ﺔﻴﻀﻘﻠﻝ ﺹﻠﺨﺃ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺩﻫﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻭﻬﻓ ،ﺔﻴﻔﺨﻝﺍﻭ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺩﺎﻌﺒﺃ لﻜ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻨﻔﺘﻴﻭ ﻑﹼﻘﺜﻤﻝﺍ ﻭﻫﻭ
ﻲﻀﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﹰﺔﺴﺎﻜﺘﻨﺍﻭ ﹰﺔﺒﺭﻏ ﻪﺤﻨﺍﻭﺠ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺡﺭﺠ لﻤﺤ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﻁﻭﻝﺍ ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﻊﻨﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻀﻭﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺩﺭﻤﺘ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤ لﻜ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻥﻴﻨﺤﻝﺍ ،ﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ،ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﻡﻴﻘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺕﺎﺒﺜﻝﺍ ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻀﻗﺎﻨﺘ لﻜﺒ ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ،لﺒﻘﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﻀﺎﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺤ ﻲﻓ لﻴﻤﺠ .
• ﻰﻔﺸﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ :
ﺎﻬﻤﺩﻘﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﺒﻁﻨﻹﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺼﻝﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ
"
ﺩﻝﺎﺨ "
ﻡﺎﺴﺭﻠﻝ ﻪﺘﺭﺎﻴﺯ ﺀﺎﻨﺜﺃ ،ﻰﻔﺸﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻓﺭﻐﻝ
"
ﻥﺎﻴﺯ "
ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭ ﻲﻓ
ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍﻭ ،ﻁﺭﺨﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﻝﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺦﺴﻨﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﺒﻌﻠﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻑﺸﺘﺴﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﻁﺘﺴﻴ ،ﺭﻴﺭﺴ ﺭﺒﺎﻋ ﻁﺭﺨﻨﻤﻝﺍ . ﻘﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ،ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻯﺩﻝ لﻴﺨﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﺁ ﻙﻴﺭﺤﺘﺒ ﻡﻭﻘﻴ ﻑﻝﺅﻤﻝﺎﻓ ﺦﺴﻨﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﻴﻜﺭﺘ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﺒ ﻩﺭﻭﺩﺒ ﻡﻭ
.
ﻥﺎﻴﺯ ﻡﺎﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻙﻝﺫﻝ ،ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﺯﻤﺭ ،ﻥﺍﻭﻝﻷﺍ ﺕﻭﻤﺒ ﻲﺤﻭﺘ ،ﺽﺎﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﻠﻤﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﻗﺭ ﺕﺤﺒﺼﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻓﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﻥﺇ ﻪﺌﺎﻴﺭﺒﻜﻭ ﻥﺎﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﺥﻭﻤﺸ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻝﻻﺩ ﺔﻴﺤﺯﻗ ﺱﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻪﻨﺍﻭﻝﺄﺒ ﺎﺜﺒﺸﺘﻤ .25
ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺠﻤﺩﻭ ،ﺏﻝﺎﻘﻠﻝ ﻲﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﺤﺸﻝﺍ ﻪﻨﺇ
ﻜﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺩﺍﺭﺃ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ،ﻲﺌﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﺼﻷﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺼﻠﻝ ﻼﻴﺩﺒ ﺔﺒﺘﺎ
.
.3 ﺕﺎﻴﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍ :
ﺎﻬﺘﻤﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ ،ﺔﺨﺴﻨﺘﺴﻤ ﻩﻭﺠﻭ ﻲﻫ ﺔﻴﺜﻼﺜﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺼﺨﺸ ﻡﻅﻌﻤﻓ ،ﺕﺎﺨﺴﻨﺘﺴﻤﻠﻝ ﺍﺯﺍﺭﺒﺇ ﺭﺜﻜﻷﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﻨﺇ
ﺎﻬﺒ ﺹﺎﺨ ﺕﺎﻴﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻁﻤﻨ ﻕﻠﺨ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺤﺠﻨﻭ ،لﻴﻝﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﺒﺸ لﻴﻜﺸﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ .
• ﺓﺃﺭﻤﻝﺍ :
"
ﺓﺎﻴﺤ "
ﺘﺴﻤ ﺕﺎﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝ ﺔﻴﺠﺫﻭﻤﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﻁﺒﻝﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺽﺭﻓ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻰﻌﺴﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﻗﺎﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻔﹼﻘﺜﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺃﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨ ﺎﻬﻨﺇ ،ﻲﻤﻨﺎﻐ
ﻩﺩﻴﻝﺎﻘﺘﻭ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﹼﻁﺴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻴﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ لﻜ ﻥﻋ ﻥﻠﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﻤﺘﻝﺎﺒ ،ﺎﻬﻨﺎﻴﻜ .
ﺩﻴﻬﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺒﺇ ﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻜﺍﺫ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻨﺇ
ﺎﻬﺘﺭﺎﺸﺘﺴﺍ ﻥﻭﺩ ،ﺭﺎﺒﻜﻝﺍ ﻁﺎﺒﻀﻝﺍ ﺩﺤﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﺠﻭﺯﻴﻓ ،ﺎﻬﻤﻋ ﻑﺭﻁ ﻥﻤ لﻐﺘﺴﹸﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ
، ﻲﻓ ﺎﺒﺒﺴ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻥﺎﻜﻓ ﺏﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﻗ لﺸﻓ
ﺩﻝﺎﺨ ﻡﺎﺴﺭﻝﺎﺒ ﺎﻬﺘﻁﺒﺭ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ .
ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻴﻋ ﻥﻋ ﻲﹼﻔﺨﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﺴﺤﺘﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻤﺍﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻤﺎﻐﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﻡﻭﻘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﺸﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺠﻭﺯﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻫﻭ
ﺔﻔﹼﻘﺜﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺃﺭﻤﻠﻝ لﺎﺜﻤ ﻲﻬﻓ ،ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻹﺍ ﺏﻝﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺎﻤﺃ ،ﻲﻜﺤﻝﺍ لﺎﺠﻤ ﺝﺭﺎﺨ ﺔﺒﺘﺎﻜﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﻌﻀﻭ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺠﻭﺯ ﻥﻭﻴﻋ ﻥﻋﻭ ﻴﻌﺘ ﻲﻫﻭ ﻰﺘﺤ ،ﺎﻬﺘﻴﻌﻀﻭ ﻥﻋ ﺔﻴﻀﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻲﹼﻠﺨﺘﻠﻝ ﺓﺩﻌﺘﺴﻤ ﺕﺴﻴﻝ ﺔﻴﻀﻗ لﻤﺤﺘ ﻲﻬﻓ ،ﺔﻴﻗﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﺒﻁﻝﺍ ﻁﻤﻨ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺵ
ﺎﻬﻨﻋ . ﺔﻴﺴﻨﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﺩﺠﻨ ،ﺙﻼﺜﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺴﻴﺌﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻊﻤ ﺓﺍﺯﺍﻭﻤﻝﺎﺒﻭ
"
ﻥﻴﺭﺘﺎﻜ "
،ﺓﺭﺭﺤﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺃﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨ
ﺎﻬﺴﻔﻨ ﻲﻫﻭ ،ﻉﺩﺍﺭ ﻥﻭﺩ ﺔﻴﺴﻨﺠﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﺒﻏﺭ ﻉﺎﺒﺸﺇ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﺴﻝﺍ
"
ﺯﺍﻭﺴﻨﺭﻓ "
ﻭﺼ ﺎﻬﻨﺇ ،ﺭﻴﺭﺴ ﺭﺒﺎﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺎﺴﻨﺭﻔﻝ ﺓﺭ
ﺓﺎﻨﺎﻌﻤ ﻯﺩﻤﻝ ﺔﻜﹺﺭﺩﻤﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺎﻬﺘﻨﺤﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺔﻔﻁﺎﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ )
ﻑﹼﻘﺜﻤﻝﺍ ( ﻪﻅﻔﻝ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻪﻌﻗﺍﻭ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺎﻔﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ .
ﻡﺜ ﺔﺒﺘﺎﻜﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﻝ ﻡﺩﻘﺘ ﺠﺫﻭﻤﻨ
ﺎ ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺸ ﻲﻓ لﺜﻤﺘ ﺭﺨﺁ
"
ﺓﺩﻴﺭﻓ
"
ﻰﻠﻋ ﺝﺭﻔﺘﻝﺍ ﻻﺇ ﺎﻬﻤﺎﻤﺃ ﺱﻴﻝ ،ﺕﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺜﻜﺎﻤﻝﺍ ،
ﻭ ،ﺕﻼﺴﻠﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﺒﺎﺘﻤﻭ ﻥﻭﻴﺯﻔﻠﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻫ
ﻪﻨﺃ لﻬﺠﺘ
» ﻠﻋ لﻜ ،ﻪﺴﺎﺴﺤﺇﻭ ﻪﺴﺍﻭﺤ ﺀلﻤﺒ ،ﻪﻴﺘﺌﺭ ﺀلﻤﺒ ﺵﻴﻌﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻰ
ﺭﺭﻜﺘﺘ ﻥﻝ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺎﻬﻓﺩﺎﺼﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻴﺸﻷﺍ ...
ﺀﺎﻜﺫﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻭﺩﺤﻤ ،ﻡﻼﺤﻷﺍ ﺓﺩﻭﺩﺤﻤ ﺓﺃﺭﻤﺍ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺎﻬﻨﻜﻝﻭ .
26« ﻲﺒﻠﺴ ﻁﻤﻨ ﻲﻬﻓ ،
ﺵﻴﻤﻬﺘ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻝ ﻥﻀﺭﻌﺘﻴ ﺎﻤﻝ ﻥﻫﺭﻭﻬﻅ ﻥﺭﺩﺃ ﻲﺘﺍﻭﻠﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﺴﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ .
ﻡﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺸ ﺍﺭﻴﺨﺃﻭ
"
ﺎﻤﺃ ) "
ﺓﺎﻴﺤ ﻡﺃ ( ﺫﻭﻤﻨ ، ﻊﺘﻤﺘﺘﻭ ،ﻲﻀﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻉﺎﻘﻴﺇ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺵﻴﻌﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻅﻓﺎﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﻴﻠﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺃﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺝ
ﺓﺯﻴﻤﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﻗﻼﻋ ﻯﻭﺴ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﻤﻬﻴ ﻻﻭ ،ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﻴﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﺯﺭﺒﺃ ﺩﺤﺃ ﻑﻨﻜ ﻲﻓ ﺵﻴﻌﺘ ﺓﺩﻴﺤﻭﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﻨﺒﺍ ﺔﻴﺅﺭﺒ ﺎﻬﺘﻨﺒﺍ ﺝﻭﺯ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﻴﻝﺇ ﻥﻭﺭﻅﻨﻴ ﻥﻴﺫﻝﺍ ﻥﺍﺭﻴﺠﻝﺎﺒ .
ﺕﺠﻭﺯﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻷﺍ ﺔﻁﻴﺴﺒﻝﺍ ﺓﺃﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻁﻤﻨ ﻪﻨﺇ ،ﺭﻫﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﻲﺴ ﻥﻤ
،ﺎﻫﺭﺩﻗ ﻪﺠﺍﻭﺘ ﺝﺍﻭﺯﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻬﺸﺃ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺎﻬﻜﺭﺘﻴﺴ ﺩﻴﻬﺸ ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤ ﺕﺠﻭﺯﺘ ﺎﻬﻨﺃ ﻡﻠﻌﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻭﺩ
» ﺎﻬﻤﻼﺤﺃ ﻲﻤﺃ ﺕﻌﻠﺨ ،ﺎﻫﺭﻤﻋ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻴﺭﺸﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﺜﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ .
ﺎﻤﺴﺍ ﺩﺍﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﺴﺒﻝﻭ ،ﺎﻬﻌﻴﺭﺎﺸﻤﻭ ﺎﻬﺒﺎﺒﺸ ﺕﻌﻠﺨ
ﺎﻬﻤﺠﺤ ﻥﻤﻭ ﺎﻫﺭﻤﻋ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺒﻜﺃ .
ﻭﺯﻝﺍ ﺦﻓ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻌﻗﻭ ﺎﻤﺩﻌﺒ ،ﻯﺭﺒﻜﻝﺍ ﺯﻭﻤﺭﻝﺍ ﺦﻓ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻌﻗﻭ ﺩﻘﻝ ﺭﺒﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺝﺍ
. ﻩﺫﻫﻭ
ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﻥﺇﻭ ،ﺎﻫﺭﻤﻋ ﺭﺨﺁ ﻰﺘﺤ ﺩﻭﺴﺃ ﺎﺒﻭﺜ ﺎﻬﺒﺴﺎﻨﻴ ﺭﻴﺒﻜﻝﺍ ﻡﺴﻹﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻥﺇ ،ﺩﺤﺃ ﺎﻫﺭﺸﺘﺴﻴ ﻡﻝ ﺎﻀﻴﺃ ﺓﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﻁﻭ ﺯﻤﺭﻝ ﺔﻠﻤﺭﺃ ﻭﺃ ،ﻱﺩﺎﻋ لﺠﺭﻝ ﺔﺠﻭﺯ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﻥﺃ لﻀﻔﺘ .
ﻥﻴﻠﻔﻁﺒ ،ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﻡﺎﻤﺃ ﺎﻬﺴﻔﻨ ﺕﺩﺠﻭ ﺩﻘﻝ
ﻥﻴﺭﻴﻐﺼ ..
ﺭﻴﺒﻜ ﻡﺴﺍﻭ
!
27«
ﻰﺒﺄﺘﻭ ،ﺓﺎﻴﺤ ﻪﻀﻓﺭﺘ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻁﻤﻨﻝﺍ ﻪﻨﺇ ﺭﺭﻜﺘﻴ ﻥﺃ
.
• لﺠﺭﻝﺍ : ﻥﺃ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻴﻴﻜﻴﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻹﺍ ﺱﻔﻨﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻤﻠﻋ ﺏﺴﺤ ،لﺠﺭﻠﻝ ﺔﺨﺴﻨﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻜﻴﺴﺒﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﺴﻝﺍ لﻜ ﻥﻋ ﺍﺩﻴﻌﺒﻭ
ﻥﻭﺯﺎﺘﻤﻴ لﺎﺠﺭﻝﺍ
»ﺒ ،ﻥﻴﻁﻠﺴﺘﻤﻭ ،ﻥﻴﺤﻭﻤﻁﻭ ،ﻥﻴﻴﻨﺍﻭﺩﻋﻭ ،ﺭﻴﻐﻝﺍ ﺭﻋﺎﺸﻤﻝ ﺎﻤﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﻥﻭﺭﻴﻌﻴ ﻻﻭ ،ﺔﻅﻠﻐﻝﺍﻭ ،ﻑﻨﻌﻝﺎ
،ﻥﻴﻴﻘﻁﻨﻤﻭ ،ﻥﻴﺭﻤﺎﻐﻤﻭ ،ﻡﻬﺴﻔﻨﺃ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻴﻘﺜﺍﻭﻭ ﺭﺍﺭﻘﻝﺎﺒ ﻥﻴﺭﺜﺄﺘﺴﻤﻭ ،ﻥﻴﺴﻓﺎﻨﺘﻤﻭ
28« ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﺴﺠﻤ ﺎﻫﺩﺠﻨ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻫﻭ ،
"
ﺔﻁﺒﺘﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﺢﻝﺎﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ لﺒﺎﻘﻤ ﻪﺌﺩﺎﺒﻤ ﻥﻋ لﺯﺎﻨﺘ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ،ﺓﺎﻴﺤ ﺔﻠﻁﺒﻝﺍ ﻡﻋ ،ﻰﻝﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﻑﻴﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﻲﺴ ﻁﺒﺎﻀﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺠﻭﺯ ﻭﺃ ،ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺎﺒ :
» ﺍ ،ﺱﻔﹼﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﻴﻭﻁ ﺏﻭﺭﺤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻥﻭﻤﺘﻨﻴ ﻥﻴﺫﻝﺍ ،لﺎﺠﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ لﻴﺠ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻲﻤﺘﻨﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﺩ ﻡﻬﺒﺎﺒﺸﻭ ﻡﻬﺘﻝﻭﻔﻁ ﺕﻌﻠﺘﺒ
ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﺕﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺭﺒﺎﺒﺠﻭ ﻥﻴﻴﻔﻁﺎﻋ ،ﺩﺤﺍﻭ ﻥﺁ ﻲﻓ ﺏﻁﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻌﻴﺭﺴﻭ ،ﻥﻴﻔﻴﻨﻋ ﻻﺎﺠﺭ ﻡﻬﺘﻝﻭﺤﻭ ،ﺔﻤﺤﺭ
29«
،ﺔﻴﻭﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻭﺃ ﺎﻤﺎﻤﺘ ﺓﺭﻴﺎﻐﻤ ﻲﻤﻨﺎﻐﺘﺴﻤ ﺕﺎﻴﺍﻭﺭ ﻲﻓ لﺠﺭﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺼ ﻥﺈﻓ
؛ ﻑﹼﻘﺜﻤﻝﺍ لﺠﺭﻝﺍﻭﻬﻓ
ﻨﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻊﹼﻓﺭﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻜﻓﻷﺍﻭ ﺉﺩﺎﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺤﺎﺼ ﺄ
لﻜ ﻥﻋ ﻪﺴﻔﻨﺒ ﻯ ﻡﺎﺴﺭﻝﺍﻭ ﺩﻫﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ لﺜﻤ ﺕﺎﻬﺒﺸﻝﺍ
"
لﺎﺒﻭﻁ ﻥﺒ ﺩﻝﺎﺨ
"
،
ﻲﻨﻴﻁﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﻋﺎﺸﻝﺍﻭ
"
ﺩﺎﻴﺯ
"
ﺩﺍﺭﻤﻭ ،ﺩﻝﺎﺨ ﺭﻭﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻔﺤﺼﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻜﺍﺫ ﻲﻓ ،ﺭﺨﺁ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺩﻠﺒ ﻥﻤ ﻪﺘﻴﻀﻗ لﻤﺤﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ،
ﺵﻴﻤﻬﺘﻝﺍ ﺯﻭﺎﺠﺘﻝ ﺔﻝﻭﺎﺤﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺎﻤﻴﻝﺃ ﺎﻋﺍﺭﺼ ﺵﻴﻌﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺱﺌﺎﻴﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺸﻝﺍ ﻡﺜ ،ﺭﻴﺭﺴ ﺭﺒﺎﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻑﹼﻘﺜﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺸﻝﺍ لﺜﻤ
"ﺎﻨ ﺭﺼ
"
ﺥﺃ ﺓﺎﻴﺤ . ﺎﺠﺫﻭﻤﻨ ﺔﺒﺘﺎﻜﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﻀﺘﺭﺍ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﻝﺎﺠﺭﻝﺍ ﻁﻤﻨﻝﺍ ﻪﻨﺇ
"
ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻹﺍ ﻡﺩﻬﻠﻝ
"
ﺎﻋﻭﻨ ﺱﺭﺎﻤﺘ ﺎﻫﺎﻨﺩﺠﻭ ﻙﻝﺫﻝ ،
ﻥﻤ
"
ﻲﺨﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ لﻴﺩﻌﺘﻝﺍ "
ﺔﺒﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﺔﻁﺴﺍﻭﺒ .
ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﻕﻠﻌﺘ ﺎﻤ ﺀﺍﻭﺴ ،ﺎﻬﺼﻨ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﺇ ﻲﻓ ﻉﺎﻨﻗﻹﺍ ﺕﺎﺨﺴﻨﺘﺴﻤﻭ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻗ ﺕﻤﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﺩﻗ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ،لﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﻼﺨﻭ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍﻭﺃ ﺔﻨﻜﻤﻷﺎﺒ ﺔﺜﺤﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﻴﺼﺨﺸ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁﻭ ﻰﺸﺎﻤﺘﺘ ﺕﻻﻻﺩ ﺎﻫﺎﻴﺇ ﺔﻠﻤﺤﻤ ،ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻕﺎﻴﺴﻭ ﻡﺀﻼﺘﻴ ﺎﻤﺒ ،ﺕﺎﻴﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ
ﺓﺃﺭﻤﻠﻝ ﻲﻘﻴﻘﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﺌﺎﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ .
،ﺔﺤﺍﺭﺼ ﺭﻬﻅﻴ ﻻ ﺏﻝﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﺈﻓ ،ﺔﻴﺌﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻴﺴﺘ ﺭﻭﻅﻨﻤ ﻥﻤﻭ ،ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺔﻬﺠ ﻥﻤﻭ
ﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺀﻭﺠﻝ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻏﺭﻝﺎﺒﻭ ﻪﻨﻷ ،ﺔﻨﻴﻌﻤ ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﺌﺭﺎﻗ ﺏﻠﻁﺘﻴ ﺎﻤﻤ ﺕﺴﻴﻝ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﺒﺎﺘﻜ ﻥﺃ ﻻﺇ ،ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴ
ﻑﹼﻘﺜﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﺒﺨﻨ ﻰﻝﺇ لﺒ ،ﺀﺍﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻋ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻬﺠﻭﻤ .
ﺏ ( ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺔﺠﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻉﺎﻨﻗﻹﺍ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻗ :
ﻲﻓ ﺔﻠﺜﻤﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻫﻭ
"
ﺔﻴﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻤﻌﺘﺴﺍ "
،ﺔﻴﻤﻼﻜﻭ ﺔﻴﺭﻜﻓ ﺕﺎﻤﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﻲﻫﻭ ،ﺕﺎﻴﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺠﺘﻨﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ
ﻥﻤ ،ﻡﻼﻜﻝﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﺇ لﻬﺴﺘ ﺎﻬﻨﺃ ﺎﻬﺘﻔﻴﻅﻭﻓ ﻭﻴﺩﺭﻭﺒ لﻭﻘﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺜ ﺔﻬﺠ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻹﺍ ﻕﻓﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻅﻓﺎﺤﺘﻭ ،ﺔﻬﺠ
: »
،ﺱﺎﻨﻝﺍ لﻜ ﺎﻬﻤﻬﻔﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻲﻓ لﻀﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻤﻌﺘﺴﻻ ﻥﺈﻓ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻭﻴﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺜﺩﺎﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺒﻌﻠﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﺒﻜﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻓﺎﻀﻹﺎﺒ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺙﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻜﺭﺘﺸﻤ ﻲﻬﻓ .
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ﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤﺒ ﻥﻭﻫﺭﻤ ﺎﻫﺭﻭﺩ ﻥﺈﻓ ،ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﺃ لﻤﻌﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﺏ
. ﺭﺘ ﻡﻝ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﺈﻓ ﻙﻝﺫﻝ
ﺀﺎﻔﻀﻹ ﺍﺫﻜﻭ ،ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻴﺼﺨﺸﻝ ﺔﻴﹼﻠﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﻬﻝﺍ ﻉﺎﻁﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺩﻗ ﺦﺴﺭﺘﻝ ،ﺎﻫﺭﻴﻏ ﻥﻭﺩ ﺔﻴﻨﻴﻁﻨﺴﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻑﻴﻅﻭﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻌﻨﺎﻤ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺩﺩﺠﺘﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﻭﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻭﺃ ،ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻀﺭﻋ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺹﱠﺨﺸﹸﺘ ﻲﻫﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﻏﻼﺒ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺯﻴﻜﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺱﺴﺄﺘﺘ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻤﺠ ﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ ،ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺜ ﺔﻬﺠ ﻥﻤ ﺹﻭﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺎﻤﻴﻓﻭ ،ﺔﻬﺠ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺨﺸﻝﺍﻭ ﺩﺭ
» ﻲﻓ ﺎﺠﻭﻤﺘ ﻕﻠﺨﺘ ﺔﺠﺭﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ
ﺙﺩﺤﻠﻝ ﺎﻬﻨﺍﺯﺘﺨﺍ ﺭﻭﺼﻝﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻜﺍﺫﻠﻝ ﺓﺩﺭﻔﺘﻤ ﺓﺀﺎﻀﺇ ﺭﺼﻨﻋ ﺔﺒﺎﺜﻤﺒ ﻙﻝﺫﺒ ﻲﻫﻭ ،ﺔﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﻱﻭﻗ ﻱﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺹﻴﺨﺸﺘﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺎﻴﺌﺍﻭﺭ ﻩﺭﻴﺒﻨﺘﻭ ﻪﻌﻤ ﺎﻬﻠﻋﺎﻔﺘﻭ
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، ﻥﻴﻌﻤ ﻲﻠﺼﺍﻭﺘ ﻕﻴﺭﻓ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻨﺌﺎﻤﺘﻨﺎﺒ ﺡﺭﺼﻴ ﺏﻭﻠﺴﺃ ﻲﹼﻨﺒﺘﻝ ﺎﻨﺩﻴﻘﺘ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺎﻓ :
ﺍﺫﻫ
ﻕﻴﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺒﻭ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺕﺍﺭﺸﺅﻤﻜ ﺍﺭﻭﺩ ﺏﻌﻠﺘ ﺕﺍﺩﺭﻔﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻠﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺒ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﺎﻓ ،ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻠﻝ ﻲﻨﺎﺴﻝﻭﻴﺴﻭﺴﻝﺍ ﺩﻌﺒﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ﺍ ﺎﻨﻠﺼﺃ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﺍ ﻭﻴﺴﻭﺴﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﺘﻘﺒﻁ ﺔﻝﺎﺤ ﻲﻓ ﻡﺌﺍﺩ ﻪﺒﺸ لﻜﺸﺒ ﻪﻠﺨﺍﺩ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻨ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﻡﺌﺍﺩ لﻜﺸﺒﻭ ،ﻲﻓﺍﺭﻐﺠﻝ
ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﺕﺎﺒﺴﺎﻨﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ لﺎﻤﻌﺘﺴﺍ ﺩﻨﻋ ﺎﻫﺎﻨﺒﺘﻨ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻴﻐﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﻭﺩﻷﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﺒﺎﺠﺘﺴﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺴﺭﺩﻨﺴ ﺎﻤ ﻭﻫﻭ 32
ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻁﺇ .
.2.1 ﻡﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻗ :
ﺭﺎﺸﺃﻭ ﻕﺒﺴ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺎﻬﻨﺇ ،ﺱﻴﻴﺎﻔﻴﺩ
ﻲﺘﺎﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﻕﹼﻠﻌﺘﺘ -
ﻱﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ . ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻑﺭﺎﻌﺘﻤ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻗ ﻲﻬﻓ
ﺴﺘ ﻡﻴﺴﻘﺘ ﻊﻤ ﻕﻓﺍﻭﺘﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻫﻭﻴﺭﺎﻨﻴﺴ ﻭﺃ ،ﺔﻴﺩﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻫﻭﻴﺭﺎﻨﻴﺴﻝ ﺏﻴﺠﺘ ﻭﻜﻴﺇ
ﻥﻴﺒ ﻩﺯﻴﻴﻤﺘ ﻲﻓ
"
ﺔﻴﺼﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻫﻭﻴﺭﺎﻨﻴﺴﻝﺍ "
ﻭ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺹﻭﺼﻨ ﺓﺀﺍﺭﻗ ﺔﻁﺴﺍﻭﺒ ﺔﺠﺭﺨﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ
"
ﺔﻜﺭﺘﺸﻤ ﺓﺎﻤﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻫﻭﻴﺭﺎﻨﻴﺴﻝﺍ "
ﻥﻋ ﺭﺒﻌﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ
ﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺜﻴﺤ ﺽﺭﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻫﺎﺴﺘﻭ ،ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﻋﻭﺴﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺀﺎﻔﻜﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻭﻴﻝﺍ ﺓ
.
ﺕﺎﻫﻭﻴﺭﺎﻨﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻉﻭﻨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﻝ لﻴﺜﻤﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻜﻤﻴﻭ )
ﺭﻁﻷﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻨﻭﺩﻤﻝﺍ scripts
( لﺜﻤ لﻤﺠﺒ
" : ﺎﻤﻨﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺕﺒﻫﺫ
ﻡﻌﻁﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻭﺃ
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،
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ﺭﺎﻁﻘﻝﺍ ﺕﺫﺨﺃ "
ﻭﺃ
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ﺽﻌﺒﺘﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻕﻭﺴﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﺕﻤﻗ
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لﺎﻌﻓﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻠﺴﻠﺴ ﻥﻤﻀﺘﺘ لﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺩﺤﺍﻭ لﻜﻓ ،
ﺴﻠﺴﺘ ﺙﻴﺤ ﻥﻤ ﻰﺘﺤ ،ﺎﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻑﺭﺎﻌﹶﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﻨﺈﻓ ،ﺎﻤﻌﻁﻤ لﺨﺩﻴ ﺎﺼﺨﺸ ﻯﺭﻨ ﺎﻤﺩﻨﻋ ﻥﺄﺸﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﻲﻨﻤﺯﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻠ
ﺎﻬﺒ ﻡﻭﻘﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﺒﺎﺘﺘﻤﻝﺍ لﺎﻌﻓﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﺓﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤ ﻁﺒﻨﺘﺴﻨ :
ﻡﻭﻘﻴ ﻡﺜ ،ﺔﺒﺠﻭ ﺭﺎﺘﺨﻴ ،ﻡﺎﻌﻁﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺌﺎﻗ ﺃﺭﻘﻴ ،ﺔﻝﻭﺎﻁ ﺭﺎﺘﺨﻴ
ﺏﻠﻁﻝﺎﺒ ..
ﺦﻝﺇ . ﺴ ﻻﺇﻭ ،ﺓﺭﻤﻀﻤ ﻰﻘﺒﺘ ﺎﻬﻨﺃ ﺽﺭﺘﻔﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ،لﻴﺼﺎﻔﺘﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ لﻜ ﺭﻜﺫ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺝﺎﺘﺤﻴ ﻻ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﺇ ﻲﻓ ﻕﺭﻐﻴ
ﻪﺌﺍﺭﻭ ﻥﻤ ﻰﺠﺭﺘ ﺓﺩﺌﺎﻓ ﻻ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ لﻤﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻨﻁﻹﺍ .33
ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﻲﺌﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﻬﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤﺒ ﻁﺒﺘﺭﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻫﻭﻴﺭﺎﻨﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﻋ ﻥﻠﻌﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺹﻨﻠﻝ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻪﻨﺈﻓ ،ﻙﻝﺫ ﻊﻤﻭ
ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ،ﺕﺍﺀﺎﻘﻠﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻫﻭﻴﺭﺎﻨﻴﺴﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺜﻼﺜﻝﺍ ﺭﺒﻋ ﺓﺭﻤﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﻗ ﺱﻜﻌﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻫﻭﻴﺭﺎﻨﻴﺴﻝ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻝﺎﺒ ﻥﺄﺸﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ﻴﻝ ﺔﻴﻤﺍﺭﻏ ﺕﺍﺀﺎﻘﻝ ﺓﺭﻭﺭﻀﻝﺎﺒ ﺕﺴ .
ﺏﺴﺤ ،ﺏﺤﻝﺍ ﺹﺼﻗ ﺩﻌﺘﻭ ،ﻭﻜﻴﺇ
ﺔﻴﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺸﺅﻤﻭ ﺕﻻﻻﺩ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻨﻤﻀﺘﺘ ﺎﻤﻝ ﺔﻨﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻫﻭﻴﺭﺎﻨﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ
ﻕﺎﻨﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﺢﻴﺭﺼﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﺎﻅﺘﻨﻻﺍﻭ ﺓﺭﻴﻐﻝﺎﻜ ،ﺓﺭﻴﺜﻜ ..
34ﺦﻝﺇ . ﻪﻴﻝﺇ ﺏﻫﺫﺘ ﺎﻤﻭﻫﻭ ﺭﺭﻴﺩ
Durer لﺎﻤﻋﺃ ﺞﺌﺎﺘﻨ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﻹﺎﺒ ،
ﺍﻭ ،ﻱﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺱﻔﻨﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻤﻠﻋﻭ ،ﻉﺎﻤﺘﺠﻹﺍ ﺀﺎﻤﻠﻋ ﻭﻴﺭﺎﻨﻴﺴ ﻙﺎﻨﻫ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻤ ،ﺀﺎﺒﺩﻷ
- ﺔﻴﺴﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﺼﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻉﻭﻨ ﻥﻤ ﺏﺤ
ﺓﺯﻫﺎﺠﻝﺍ
« fabula préfabriquée » ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤ ﺏﺴﺤ ،
ﻪﻨﻜﻝﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ لﺎﻤﻋﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﻭﻜﻴﺇ
ﺔﻴﺼﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻫﻭﻴﺭﺎﻨﻴﺴﻠﻝ ﺎﻘﺒﺎﻁﻤ ﺱﻴﻝ .
ﺔﻴﺴﺎﺴﺃ لﺤﺍﺭﻤ ﺔﻌﺒﺴ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻲﺠﺫﻭﻤﻨﻝﺍ ﺏﺤﻝﺍ ﻭﻴﺭﺎﻨﻴﺴ ﻉﺯﻭﺘﻴ ﺎﻬﻴﺃﺭ ﺏﺴﺤﻭ :
1 - . ﺡﺎﺘﺘﻓﻻﺍ ﺩﻬﺸﻤﻝﺍ ،
.2 ﺔﻴﺭﺴﻝﺍ ، .3 ﻙﻭﻜﺸﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺩﺩﺭﺘﻝﺍ ،
.4 ﺕﻼﻤﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ ،
.5 ﺏﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﻼﻋﺇ .
.6 ﻙﺭﺘﺸﻤﻝﺍ لﺎﻔﺘﺤﻹﺍ ،
.7 ﻸﻤﻠﻝ ﻥﻼﻋﻹﺍ .35
لﺜﻤ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻜﺒﺸﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻕﻴﺒﻁﺘ ﺎﻨﻝﻭﺎﺤ ﺍﺫﺈﻓ
"
ﺱﺍﻭﺤﻝﺍ ﻰﻀﻭﻓ
"
، ﻨﺴ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺕﺩﻤﻋ ﺩﻗ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻑﻴﻜ ﻅﺤﻼ
،ﺏﻴﺘﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻕﺭﺨ ﺔﻴﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻪﻨﻤ ﻑﺸﺘﺴﻨ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﺤﺎﺘﺘﻓﻻﺍ ﺩﻬﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺓﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤﻓ
"
ﺓﺎﻴﺤ "
ﻪﺘﻌﻨﺼ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ لﺠﺭﻝﺎﺒ ﺕﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻗ
ﺎﻬﻤﻠﻘﺒ ﻲﻫ
"
ﺭﺒﺤ ﻥﻤ لﺠﺭ
"
،ﻲﻌﻗﺍﻭﻝﺎﺒ ﻲﺌﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻡﻫﻭﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻁﻠﺘﺨﻴ ،ﺹﺎﺨ ﻉﻭﻨ ﻥﻤ ﺏﺤ ﺔﺼﻗ ﺃﺩﺒﺘﻝ ،ﺔﻘﻴﻘﺤ ﺢﺒﺼﻴ ﻪﻨﻜﻝ ،
ﺙﺍﺩﺤﻷﺍ ﻕﺭﺘﻔﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻊﻀﺘﻝ .
ﻝﺍ ،ﺕﺍﺀﺎﻘﻠﻝﺍ ﺩﻫﺎﺸﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻨﺌﺠ ﺍﺫﺇ ﺎﻤﺃ ﺩﻝﺎﺨ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺀﺎﻘﻠﻝﺍ ﺩﻬﺸﻤ ﻥﺃ ﻑﻴﻜ ﻅﺤﻼﻨ ﺎﻨﻨﺈﻓ ،ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺒﺘﻌﺘ ﻲﺘ
ﻥﻤ ﺎﻤﻫﺭﻴﻏﻭ ،ﻑﻴﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﻲﺴﻭ ﺩﻝﺎﺨ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺀﺎﻘﻠﻝﺍ ﺩﻬﺸﻤ ﺍﺫﻜﻭ ،ﻻﺍﺩﻭ ﺍﺭﺒﻌﻤ ﺍﺩﻬﺸﻤ ﻥﺎﻜ ،ﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻜﺍﺫ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻫﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﻲﺴﻭ ﺩﻴ ﺎﻤﻤ ،ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻑﺭﺎﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻴﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺝﺭﺨﺘ ﻡﻝ ﺎﻬﻠﻜ ،ﺔﺜﻼﺜﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺭﺒﻋ ،ﺩﻫﺎﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻌﺘ ﺔﺒﺘﺎﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ل
لﻭﺤ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻁﻋﺇ ﻥﻋ ،ﻼﺜﻤ ،ﻊﻨﺘﻤﺘ ﻥﺄﻜ ،ﺎﻬﻜﺎﻬﺘﻨﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻥﺎﻴﺤﻷﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻤﻌﺘ ﺎﻬﻨﻜﻝﻭ ،ﺔﺒﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻗ ﺎﻤﺎﻤﺘ ﺎﻤﻤ ،ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ لﻴﺠﺄﺘﺒ ﻡﻭﻘﺘ ﻭﺃ ،ﺔﻴﻠﺌﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﻴﻌﻀﻭ ﻭﺃ ،ﺎﻬﺘﻔﻴﻅﻭ ﻭﺃ ،ﺎﻬﻨﺴ ﻥﻋ ﻑﺸﻜﻝﺎﺒ ؛ﺕﺎﻴﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺸ ﺎﻅﺘﻨﺍ ﻕﻓﺃ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﺸﻴﻭﺸﺘ ﺙﺩﺤﻴ ﻪﻴﺩﻝ ﻕﻴﻭﺸﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﻨﻋ ﻕﻴﻤﻌﺘ ﺽﺭﻐﺒ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺎﺒ ﺏﻋﻼﺘﺘ ﺔﺒﺘﺎﻜﻝﺎﺒ ﻲﻨﺄﻜﻭ ،ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺭ
.
ﻲﻔﺤﺼﻝﺍ لﻭﺤ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ لﻴﻠﻘﻝﺍ ﺭﺯﻨﻝﺎﺒ ﻻﺇ ﺭﻔﻅﻨ ﻡﻝ ،ﻼﺜﻤ ،ﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻜﺍﺫ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭ ﻲﻔﻓ
"
ﺭﺩﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ
"
ﻥﻤ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ،
ﻊﻤ ﻻﻭﻁﻤ ﺍﺭﺍﻭﺤ ﻱﺭﺠﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺽﻭﺭﻔﻤﻝﺍ
"
ﺩﻝﺎﺨ :"
» ﺫﺘﻋﺍ ،ﺭﻬﺸﺃ ﺩﻌﺒ ﻕﻴﺩﺼﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫﺒ ﺕﻴﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﺩﻨﻋ ،ﻕﺩﺎﺼ ﻑﺴﺄﺒ ﻲﻝ ﺭ
ﻡﺩﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻀﺭﻌﻤ ﺕﻭﻔﻴ ﹼﻻﺃ ﻲﻨﺩﻋﻭﻭ
36« ﺩﻋﺎﻘﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻁﺒﺎﻀﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺙﺩﺤ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺎﻤﺎﻤﺘ ،ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻠﻝ ﺩﻭﺼﻘﻤ ﺏﺠﺤ ﻪﻨﺇ ، )
ﻲﺴ (...
،
ﺏﺤﺎﺼﻭ ،ﻥﻴﻤﺎﺴﺭﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﻴﻨﺎﻨﻔﻠﻝ ﺏﺤﻤﻭ ﺏﻴﻁ لﺠﺭ ﻪﻨﺃ ﻯﻭﺴ ،ﺍﺩﻋﺎﻘﺘﻤ ﺎﻁﺒﺎﻀ ﻪﻨﻭﻜ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻓﺎﻀﻹﺎﺒ ،ﻪﻨﻋ ﻑﺭﻌﻨ ﻡﻝ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺫﻭﻔﻨﻭ ﺓﻭﺭﺜ .37
ﺎﻘﻠﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺩﺠﻨ ،ﺭﻴﺭﺴ ﺭﺒﺎﻋ ﻲﻓﻭ ﺀﺎﻁﻋﺇ ﻲﺸﺎﺤﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﺤﻀﺍﻭ ﻻﺎﺜﻤ ﻥﺎﻜ ،ﻥﺎﻴﺯ ﻡﺎﺴﺭﻝﺍﻭ ﺩﻝﺎﺨ ﻲﻔﺤﺼﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺀ
ﺀﺎﻘﻠﻝﺍ لﻭﺤﺘﻴﻝ ،ﺽﻌﺒﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﻬﻀﻌﺒ ﻥﻋ ﺭﻴﺜﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﻼﻬﺠﻴ ﺎﻤﻬﻨﺃ ﻊﻤ ،ﺏﺴﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﺭﻭﺎﺤﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻝ ﺔﺨﺴﻨﺘﺴﻤ ﺓﺭﻭﺼ لﺜﻤﻴ ﺎﻤﻫﻼﻜ ﻥﺃ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻑﺸﺘﻜﻴﻭ ،ﺭﺨﻵﺍ ﺎﻤﻫﺩﺤﺃ ﻑﺸﺘﻜﻴﻓ ،ﺎﻤﻬﻨﻴﺒ ﻑﺭﺎﻌﺘ ﺀﺎﻘﻝ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻲﻔﺤﺼﻝﺍ ،ﺭﺨﻶ
ﺩﻝﺎﺨ ﻲﻔﺤﺼﻝﺍ لﻭﻘﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ :
ﻲﻔﻜﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺎﻬﺘﻅﺤﻝ ﻪﻨﻋ ﻑﺭﻋﺃ ﻥﻜﺃ ﻡﻝ ﻲﺒﺎﻐﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻓ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺏﺭﺩﺘﻭ ،ﺔﻘﻴﻘﺤﻝﺍ ﺱﺩﺤ ﻥﻤﺯ ﺫﻨﻤ ﺏﺴﺘﻜﺍ ﻪﻨﺃ ﻙﺭﺩﻷ
ﻥﺃﻭ ،ﻲﻜﺫﻝﺍ
"
ﺀﺎﻴﺸﻷﺍ "
ﺎﻬﺒ ﻲﻨﻌﻴ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺎﻤﺒﺭ ،ﺎﻨﻫ ..
ﺀﺎﺴﻨﻝﺍ ...
ﺀﺎﻜﺒﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺒﻏﺭﺒ ﺕﺭﻌﺸ .
ﻪﻋﺍﺭﺫ ﻥﻤ ﺏﻭﻁﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﻁﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ لﻴﺒﻘﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻭﺃ .
ﺎﻨﺘﺭﺎﺴﺨ ﺃﺩﺒﺘ ﺙﻴﺤ ﻙﺎﻨﻫ
ﺔﻜﺭﺘﺸﻤﻝﺍ .
ﻲﻬﻝﺇ ﺎﻴ ..
ﺩﻝﺎﺨ ﻪﻨﺇ
38!
،ﺔﻜﺭﺘﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﻑﺍﺭﻋﻷﺍ ﻡﺩﻫ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻥﺎﻴﺤﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺜﻜﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻤﻌﺘ ﻲﻤﻨﺎﻐﺘﺴﻤ ﻡﻼﺤﺃ ﻥﺃ ﺹﻠﺨﺘﺴﻨ ،ﻕﺒﺴ ﺎﻤﻤﻭ
ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻗ ﻊﻤ ﺔﺒﺘﺎﻜﻝﺍ لﻤﺎﻌﺘ ﻥﺇ ﻡﺜ ،ﺭﻴﻴﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻙﺭﺩﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺽﺭﺘﻔﻴﻭ ،ﻡﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻗ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻬﻅﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺒ ﻲﺤﻭﻴ ﻡﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻗ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻉﺎﻨﻗﻹﺍ لﻴﻭﺤﺘ ﺎﻬﻝﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻡﺘﻴ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁ ؛ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺎﺘﻜ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁ ﻥﻋ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ لﻭﺎﺤﺘ ﺎﻬﻨﺄ
لﻜﻜ ﺏﺩﻸﻝ ﻙﺎﻬﺘﻨﺍﻭ ﺎﻬﺴﻔﻨ ﺔﺒﺎﺘﻜﻠﻝ ﻙﺎﻬﺘﻨﺍ لﻌﻓ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﺒﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ لﻌﻓ .
.1 ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻗ :
ﺔﻜﻭﻜﺴﻤ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻝ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘ ﻲﻫﻭ )
ﺓﺩﻤﺎﺠ ( ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺸﻴﻠﻜ لﻜﺸ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻭﻜﺘﻭ ،ﺎﻨﺎﻴﺤﺃ ﺔﻴﺒﻠﺴﻝﺎﺒ ﻑﺼﻭﺘ :
ﺏﻴﻜﺍﺭﺘﻝﺎﻜ
،ﺔﻴﻔﺼﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻜﻓﻷﺍﻭ ،لﺎﺜﻤﻷﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻠﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﺏﻴﻜﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍﻭ
) لﺎﺜﻤﻷﺍ ( ﺏﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻭﺎﻨﻋﻭ ،ﺕﺍﺩﺎﻬﺸﺘﺴﻻﺍﻭ ،ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻌﺸﻝﺍﻭ ،
ﺓﺭﻭﻬﺸﻤﻝﺍ .
،ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺸﻴﻠﻜﻝﺍ ﻎﻴﺼ ﺭﻴﻌﺘﺴﺘ ﺓﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﺃ لﺎﺤ ﻲﻓ ،ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻜﻓﻷﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺸﻴﻠﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺯﻴﻴﻤﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﻌﺼﻴﻭ
ﺎﻨﻝﻭﻘﻓ : ﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻜﻓﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻌﺘ ،ﻼﺜﻤ ،ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﻙﻝ ﻭﻠﺨﻴﺴ ﺕﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﻬﻴﺸﻴﻠﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺒﺘﻌﺘ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﺔﻴﺩﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺜﺩﺎ
ﻪﺴﻔﻨ . ﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻗ ﻡﺩﺨﺘﺴﺘ ،ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓﻭ ﻅﻔﻠ
،ﺔﻴﺤﻼﻁﺼﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺕﺎﻜﻭﻜﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻕﻠﻁﻨ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻭﺃ ،
،ﺓﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤ ،ﺎﻫﻭﺯﻌﻨ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻥﻤﻭ ،ﺔﺒﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﺏﻭﻠﺴﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﺠﺍﺭﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﻡﺘﻴ ﻭﺃ ،ﺕﺎﻴﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﻭﺤ ﻲﻓ ﻭﺃ ،ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﻕﻴﺭﻁ ﻥﻋ ﺎﻤﺇ ﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﻭﻬﻅ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﻱﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺀﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﺌﺍﺩ ﺭﻬﻅﺘ ﺎﻬﻨﻷ ،ﺔﺒﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻘﺒ ﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍ ﻉﻭﻨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻤﺴﻨﻭ ،ﻁﺭﺨﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺘﺎﻜﻝ ﺔﻴﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻡﻏﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻋﻭﻨ ﺔﺜﺩﺤﻤ ،ﻥﻴﺭﻭﻜﺫﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻔﻨﺼﻠﻝ ﺎﻴﹼﻁﺨﺘ ﺩﻌﻴ ﺕﺎﻴﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﻡﻼﻜ ﻲﻓ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ
ﺔﻴﺭﺍﻭﺤﻝﺍﻭ .
.1.2 ﺔﻴﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ :
ﻲﺌﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ لﺨﺍﺩ ﺕﺎﻴﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﻭﺤ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨ ﻲﻓ ﺍﺭﺒﺘﻌﻤ ﺍﺯﻴﺤ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻅﻔﻠﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻗ لﺘﺤﺘ ﺎﻤ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻭﺃ ،ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﻁﺴﺍﻭﺒ ﺀﺍﻭﺴ ،ﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﺼﻗ ﺕﻔﻠﻤ لﻜﺸﺒ ﺏﻝﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻉﻭﻨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ لﻤﻌﺘﺴﺘ ﺔﺒﺘﺎﻜﻝﺎﻓ ،ﻲﻤﻨﺎﻐﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ
ﺕﺎﻴﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺭﻭﺩﻴ .
ﻲﻔﻓ
"
ﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻜﺍﺫ "
ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﺴﻝ ﻰﻠﻋﻭ -
ﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﺒﻋ ﺭﻜﺫﺘﺴﻨ ،لﺎﺒﻭﻁ ﻥﺒ ﺩﻝﺎﺨ ﻡﺎﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺼ )
ﻻ
ﻪﻨﻁﻭ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺒﻨﻝ ﺔﻤﺍﺭﻜ (
،ﻡﺍﺭﺘﺤﺍﻭ ﺭﻴﺩﻘﺘ ﺔﻠﻗ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻬﻨﺎﻁﻭﺃ ﻲﻓﻭ ﻡﻬﻠﻫﺃ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺱﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺎﻔﻜﻷﺍ ﻩﺎﻘﻠﻴ ﺎﻤﻝ ﺏﺭﻀﻴ لﺜﻤ ﻭﻫﻭ ،
لﻭﻘﻴ ﺫﺇ :
» ﺓﺩﺎﻌﻝﺎﻜ ﻪﻨﻁﻭ ﺝﺭﺎﺨ ﻲﺒﻨ ﺎﻨﺃ ﺎﻫ ..
؟ﻪﻨﻁﻭ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺒﻨﻝ ﺔﻤﺍﺭﻜ ﻻﻭ ﻻ ﻑﻴﻜﻭ
39« ،ﺭﺨﺁ ﺍﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘ ﺎﻤﺩﺨﺘﺴﻤ لﺼﺍﻭﻴﻭ ،
ﻭ ﻕﺎﻴﺴﻠﻝ ﻊﻀﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﺼﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻉﻭﻨﺒ ﻥﻜﻝ
» ﺎﻨﺃ ﺎﻫ
"
ﺔﻴﻨﻓ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅ
"
ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺔﻫﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻱﺫ ﺭﺩﻗﻭ ﻻ ﻑﻴﻜ ،
"
ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅ "
ﻥﺃﻭ
؟ﻪﻨﻔﺒ ﻭﻝﻭ ﺍﺭﺎﺒﺠ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ
« ﻑﻭﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ لﺜﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺓﺭﺎﺸﺇ ،
" : ﺭﺎﺒﺠ ﺔﻫﺎﻋ ﻱﺫ لﻜ
"
ﺏﺤﺎﺼ ﻡﺎﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻪﺤﺎﺠﻨ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻝﻻﺩﻠﻝ ،
ﺓﺭﻭﺘﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﻉﺍﺭﺫﻝﺍ .
ﻤﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺕﺎﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻪﺒ ﺞﻌﺘ ﺎﻤ لﻜ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻏﺭﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋﻭ ﺀﺎﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺀﺎﻤﺴﺃﻭ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﺒﺘﻗﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺩﺎﻬﺸﺘﺴﺍﻭ ﺔﻤﺎﻋ ﺭﺎﻜﻓﺃﻭ لﺎﺜ
ﺏﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻭﺎﻨﻋﻭ ﻥﻴﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍﻭ ..
،ﺎﻫﺭﺘﺍﻭﺘﻭ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺱﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻗﺩﺎﺼﻤ ﻥﻤﻭ ﺎﻫﺭﺩﺼﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﺘﻭﻗ ﺏﺴﺘﻜﺘ ﺓﺯﻫﺎﺠ ﺞﺠﺤ ﻲﻫﻭ ﺦﻝﺇ
ﻪﻴﻠﻋ لﻻﺩﺘﺴﻼﻝ ﺩﻭﺼﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺽﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻬﻬﻴﺠﻭﺘﻭ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺼﺤﻨﻴ ﻲﺌﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ لﹼﺨﺩﺘﻭ
،40
ﺕﻋﺩﺘﺒﺍ ﺩﻗ ﺔﺒﺘﺎﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﺈﻓ
ﻤ ﺎﻋﻭﻨ ﺔﺒﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﻝﻭﻗ ﻥ (Stéréotypie d’écriture)
ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﻊﻁﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺜﻜﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺭﻜﺘ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻭﺩﺒﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻭﻫﻭ ،
ﺎﻬﻨﻴﺒ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻊﻁﺎﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﻁﺎﻘﻨ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻴﺩﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﺠﻭﻝ لﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺢﺴﻔﻴ ﺎﻤﻤ ،ﺕﺎﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ .
ﻝﺍﻭ ﻰﺤﺼﻔﻝﺍ لﺎﻤﻌﺘﺴﻻ ﺍﻭﺭﺼﺘﻨﺍ ﻥﻴﺫﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻱﺃ ؛ﺔﻴﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﻰﺤﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻡﺌﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺍﺩﻴﻌﺒﻭ ﺍﻭﺭﺼﺘﻨﺍ ﻥﻴﺫ
،ﺹﻨﻠﻝ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻏﺎﻴﺼ ﻲﻓ ﺍﺯﻴﻤﺘﻤ ﺍﺩﻌﺒ ﺫﺨﺃ ﺔﻴﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﺒﻌﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻑﻴﻅﻭﺘ ﻥﺈﻓ ،ﺔﻴﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﻤﻌﺘﺴﻻ ﻲﻠﻴﺨﺘﻝﺍ ﻕﻓﻷﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻲﻠﺨﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺭﻀﺒ ﻁﺭﺨﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻬﻴﺇ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺍﺯ ﺎﻴﻌﻗﺍﻭ ﻼﻜﺸ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻌﺠﺭﻤﻠﻝ ﻰﻁﻋﺃﻭ ﺎﻤﺩﻨﻋ ،41
ﻊﻤ لﻋﺎﻔﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺭﻴﺴ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻗﺭﺎﻏ ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﺩﺠﻴ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ
- ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻑﻘﻨ ﺎﻤ ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺼﺨﺸ ﻲﻗﺎﺒ ﻭﺃ ،ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍ
ﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻜﺍﺫ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻫﺎﺸﻝﺍ :
