lif n Uselmed Unnig d Unadi Ussnan Tasdawit Akli Mu end Ul n Tubiret
Tamazdayt n Tutlayin d Tsekliwin Agezdu n Tutlayt d Yidles Amazi
(LMD)
Asentel n tezrawt
S ur tinelmadin : S lmendad n Mass: Swale Masisilya Lunisi Salim emmi Karima
Aseggas Asdawan 2012/2013
Ansayen n tmurt n Leqbayel
Tamna t n Yimceddalen
Deg tazwara ad nessenmer Mass Lunisi Salim i
yellan ef uqerru n leqdic-nte , win i a -d-irennun deg
wafud myal tikkelt, yezga yettkel fell-ante ,
yumen s tezmert-nte .
Syin er-s, Mass L ufi mer, win i a -yellan i
lmendad i d-nemmugger deg yal tallit, deg yal
ta ult, tajmilt-is d tameqrant.
Tanemmirt i tgejda i ef ibedd uxxam-nne ,
iselmaden-nne n l ezza, wid i a -yeldin allen-nne , ad
nissin ugar ef tmesslayt-nne , ad nzux s
tyemmat-nne , wid i si nettzuxxu sdat n yinelmaden n
yigezduyen-nni en, d ayen i ten-yean ttasmen seg-ne ,
wid werin gan tilisa gar-ane , wid werin cu en
fell-ane s tmussniwin-nsen, at uswir yufraren : “ Lunisi
Salim, L ufi mer, ellawi M emmed, Rabdi Qani a,
Berdus Nadiya, Furali Yasmina, Cebbib Nabil, Idir
Masinisa, Qasimi, Gasi, Budra , Silem li.
I kra n win iqeddcen deg ugezdu-nne , lad a:
“ Sliman, Malika d Fate ”.
Ad budde leqdic-iw i :
-Win yefkan imal-is d asfel ef tudert-iw, baba zizen, a uddu A unnu fell-as. -Leb er n le nana, yemma ta zizt, ad iyi-tt-ye Rebbi d tifrat n yal ugur. -Tigejdit n uxxam, tamussnawt wer in nekcim a erbaz “jida Se diya”’ ad
yesse zef Rebbi di le mer-is.
-Mass Lunisi Salim yellan ef uqerru n leqdic-agi, d Mass A mer L ufi yezgan er yidis-iw deg yal asurif gre .
-Tafat n wallen-iw, wid yesseflalin tafat n uxxam s tedsa d tayri, atmaten-iw “Ruza d Massnsen”.
-Rru n we ziz ctaqe a as” emmi Racid” fell-as ye fu Rebbi, d yessi-s ”Kenza d Katiya”.
-Azgens-iw nniden, Mima, Nunu, Mary, lydy . -Le mum-iw d twaculin-nsen, xwali d twaculin-nsen.
-Atmaten-iw n tseddawit: Amel, Liza, Nasima, Samira,Yehya, Musa, Mezyan, Mensur, Ma id, Sa id, Takfa..
-Idaddaten-iw: Xaled, Wa id, Cemsu, Takfarinas, Lu fi, L ani, Yusef. -Samiya Benslem, weltma-s Hayet d rru n Nur Uld mara.
-Karima esker d Xalti Saliha. -Tarbe t n umezgun n Sse ri .
-Kra n win yemmuten akken ad tidir tyemmat : “ Dda Lmulud, Me tub Lwennas,
as neq en achal d itri Igenni ur inegger ara
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Tazwert
Mi ara nessikked er tmu liwin n yimura deg uma al s umata deg wayen ye nan tussna n tmetti akked tsekla, ad tent-id-naf mgaradent. D tikti i d-negmer s ur kra n yimussnawen deg ta ult-agi, gar-asen J.P.SARTR, MICEL BUTUR, KAMEL BU MARA.
J.P.SARTR, d afilu uf yuran achal d amagrad, gar-asen wid yura ef
tsekla, yebda leqdic-is deg ta ult-agi s usteqsi n tazwara : ” D acu-tt tsekla?”, tiririt-is ef wannect-a tella d igemmiren yesseqdec akken ad yessiwe tiktiwin-is i yime ri, d acu kan leqdic-agi-ines yella-d ef tsekla tafranstiktiwin-ist deg yiseggasen n (1940) er deffir, dayen i d-yeslalen tikti deg walla n MICEL BUTUR deg ( HALBO, 1975: 13), maca awal-is ef tussna ur d-yelli ara kan d tiririt ef yiwen n usteqsi, ad t-naf yebna ef ukuz n yisteqsiyen: D acu-tt? Amek? Melmi? Anda?.1
Myal agdud deg uma al yes a ayen i t-yessemgarden ef yegduden-nniden, lad a deg wayen ye nan ta erma, idles d tsekla.
Akken i d-yebder MUSA IMARAZEN deg udlis-is (tim ayin n leqbayel): « Tasekla taqbaylit taqburt s umata tes a achal d asentel, yal yiwen icudd er waye xersum ula di timawit, acku tasekla-agi akken ma tella tettru u seg yimi er tme u t. D ayagi i tt-yeooan tezger idurar d yisaffen, ussan d yiseggasen akken ad tawe si loil er waye »2 .
Mass KAMEL BU MARA, yefka azal i wassa yezdin snat n tussniwin (Tasekla d tussna n tmetti), deg udlis: “ SI LBACIR AMELLAH (1861-1930) un chanteur celebre de kabylie”
1 - K.Bu mara, Si Lbacir Amellah, 1861-1930, TALANTIKIT . Bejaia. 2004. P07. 2 -M. Imarazen . Tim ayin n Leqbayel , Ed. Les oliviers. P 07.
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Ayen i a -yean ad nefren asentel-agi:
as akken llan wid yesse bibiren ef yidles d yiles maca tugget n yimazi en emmden i fennu n kra yellan d ansay aqbur i a -d-an yimezwura, mai d yiwen wugur ne d sin i a -yesqullu en akken ta erma n ugdud-agi ur tetta ara er sdat, ur d-tettufrar ara gar tanudda-is, anda ara d-naf seg tama n yidles aberrani, yesse fer yid-s imdanen, an ayen yellan d anaûli, rnu-d ur-s agdud aqbayli, ur d-yerri ara lwelha-s er tira n wayen yellan d imawi, nwala di tadrusi n tezrawin yettwasqedcen ef usentel-a, nufa-d belli nezmer meqqar ad nesse biber ef kra seg wa as n wayen yellan d ansay, nwala-t ne nesla-t s
ur imeqranen.
Iswan n leqdic:
1- Agmar n ugerruj n lejdud d usukkes-is seg yimi n tatut d nnger.
2- Ad as-neg leqrar i wayen yellan deg walla n yimenza (im aren) send ad ttwane len yid-sen.
3- Ase biber ef wansayen-agi seg unekcum n yidles aberrani.
4- Asaki d usiwe n yizen i yime riyen n leqdic-agi ef wazal n wansayen. 5- Asekfel n wansayen yellan, msan ur ten-nessin ara.
6- Agmar n tmedyazt d tewsatin-nni en n tsekla i d-qqaren deg yal ansay.
Tamukrist:
Ta erma n ugdud tbedd ef kra n terkizin i t-yettwellihen deg tudert-is n yal ass, yiwen n uferdis seg terkizin-a yu adeg meqqren deg tudert n umdan. D acu-ten wansayen? D acu-tent tegnatin ideg d-ttilin? D acu-tt tmedyazt d tewsatin-nniden n tsekla (inzan) i yettwasqedcen deg wansayen deg tmetti taqbaylit?
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Turdiwin:
1- Leqbayel fen deg kra n wansayen i d-yeqqimen. 2- Tuget n wansayen iqburen n Leqbayel msan.
3- Tuget n wansayen n zik ttwakksen-d seg tdeyyanit.
4- Tamedyazt i ye afaren ansayen-a mazal-itt tedder yerna ur temgarad ara ef tin yellan tura.
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Tarrayt n unadi: Tafelwit n yimsul a:
Tawsit Ismawen le mer Aswir n t uri amahil Allal n ugmar Azemz Unti Sa diya 75 Ur te ri ara ulac Asekles + awwa n tezmilin yennayer 2012 Unti Zahra 69 Ur te ri ara ulac Asekles + awwa n tezmilin 13/12/2012 Amalay Lhusin 62 Ye ra almi d aseggas wis krad deg u erbaz amenzu amasut Awwa n tezmilin 14/12/2012 Unti Malika 51 Te ra almi d aseggas wis semmus deg u erbaz amenzu ulac Asekles + awwa n tezmilin 15/01/2013 Unti ica 85 Ur te ri ara ulac Asekles 04/02/2013
Unti Lila 28 Aseggas
wis krad deg u erbaz alemmas Taxeyyadt Asekles + awwa n tezmilin 15/01/2013
15 Ayen i a -yeooan ad nefren imsul a-agi:
Nefren-d kra n yemsul a seg temna in anda nettidir, le mer-nsen ad yili gar 28 alma d 85 n yiseggasen. Aanadi-nne , yehwa le mer-agi, yal le mer yes a azal-is deg wammud-nne , ayen yerzan ilme yen, neb a ad n er ma yella fen deg-sen, ne yennulfa-d umaynu an akk ayen yellan d ansay n lejdud, ma yella d imeqranen, newwi-d seg-sen a as n wansayen, imi nitni ttamnen yis-n, da en gan-asen azal d ameqqran, ne red deg wammud ad n er amgired yellan gar tmu li n yim aren-nne d tmu li n yilmezyen er wansayen.
Uguren i d-nemlal deg unadi deg unnar:
Deg tazwara mi nebda anadi deg unnar, temmugger-a -d tegrest, lehwa, adfel, asemmi … atg, maci d ayen fessusen fell-ante , nemmugger-d uguren-nni en, tikwal ur nettaf ara wid i ef nettnadi, myal yiwen sani iru , daya kan me sub i d-nemlal d ugur, kra din i edda akken yeb a wul.
Timna in anda nexdem anadi deg unnar:
1- Sse rio: d taddart i d-yezgan deg ugafa n t iwant n M’ceddala, zzint-as-d kra n tudrin yettwassnen s umezruy: Yemma Xlia tafruxt, taddart n Yiwaquren, Tala Rana, Sellum, Taqerbust. Tezga-d nnig-s yiwet n taddart isem-is eggac, i as-d-yusan deg tqacuct, tqubel tamgu t n Yemma Xlia tafruxt.
2- La cabs: tezga-d deg unzul n t iwant n M’ceddala, zzint-as-d kra n tudrin seg usammer : Rafur d Ccerfa, seg umalu : At Yexlef, seg tama n ugafa : Mayu d Sse rio, ma yella seg un ul A nif d Ye rem d Wat Mensur.
3- A nif: d taddart yellan deg un ul n t iwant n Mayu, zzint-as-d tudrin, seg ugafa : Mayu d Sse rio, seg usammer: At Mensur, Sidi Brahem, seg umalu: I rem d iba, seg unzul: Tamella t d Ye zer Umezyab.
16 Awal ef wammud :
Deg wammud i d-negmer seg temna in n “ Sse rio, A nif, La Cabs “, nessawe er wazal n 147 d ansay, yal yiwen s usentel-is, timna in nefren-itent-id acku mazal imesda -is fen deg wansayen-nsen, imsul a-is ssegzan-a -d amek i llan wansayen-a zik akked tura, nufa-d amgired ameqran, wid n zik ur zmiren ara ad ttun yiwen seg wansayen, nezmer ad d-nini esben-ten d aferdis seg tudert-nsen, ur zmiren ara ad idiren melba yis-sen, mi ara nerr lwelha-nne er wid n tura, tasuta-agi ur tefki ara azal i wansayen d a nemmugger-d kra n yimsul a d ilme yen, tiririyin-nsen ef yisteqsiyen tban, ur zmiren ara ad u alen
er wayen yellan d amensay, imi idles aberrani ur ten-yei ara ad xemmen ef wayen ara ten-yerren er deffir, imi tamu li-nsen ur-sen am waken d astehzi s ugerruj i d-ooan lejdud .
Ayen i d-negmer ur yewwi ara n wayen yellan d ansay yagi, acku llan wid i yemsan, ttenqasen seg tsuta er tayed . Nufa-d kra n wansayen mgaraden seg temna t er tayed, seg taddart er tayed, seg twacult er tayed. Ammud-agi ye ef atas n wakud, imi anadi maççi d ayen isehlen, nekka-d yal axxam, yal tawacult s tmu li-s er wansayen.
Tamna t n Yimceddalen : 1- Tarakalt :
Tamna t n Yimceddlaen, d yiwet seg 45 n t iwanin n Tubiret, tezga-d ddaw n udrar n eroer, s yisem-nni en « Tamgu t », anda tella Yemma Xlioa tafruxt. Tamna t-agi n Yimceddalen tezga-d deg usammer n twilayt n Tubiret, seg ugafa : d adrar n eroer d Tizi Wezzu, deg usammer : Bgayet, deg wun ul : Buro Bu ririo, deg umalu : Beclul d Lesnam.
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Ti iwanin n temna t n Yimceddalen : Mayu, Sse rio, Ccerfa, Taqerbuzt, At Mensur d A nif.
Tajumma n wakal n Yimceddalen teww er 489 km2, 50% n wakal d-yezgan seg tama n un ul ,tesle i tfella t deg tlemmast-is t um-itt te gi.
2- L erc Amceddal :
Imceddalen ttwassnen s tdukli ,imi rray ttaken-t i wid yes an tab est deg uqazem n wuguren, d ayen i ten-yeooan ad d-slilen yiwet n tejme t n ferru n temsal i yal yiwen ne i yal taddart, ttemsefhamen ef yiwet n tifrat war ma yella-d wugur, imi d-zgan akk d imeqqranen, wa yettkemmil deg wawal n waye . Ssnen taqbaylit, am nitni am Yimazi en, d ilelliyen.
Mass Kamel Bu mara, yessegzi-d “ Amceddal” : “ awe uf n urumi, awe uf azegga , md : ( te ra-as am umceddal, kra yekka wass netta d tazzla) ». Wid i as-yefkan isem n umceddal i uwettuf arumi, srewsen-t er Yimceddalen, imi kra ara yekk wass netta yettali yettader, iqeddec, yettnadi tagella-is, ye rec. L erc azegzaw, d isem i as-fkan i L rec Amceddal, i lmend n tizzegzewt n yim an-is, d ccbaha n ugama-is.
3- Amezruy n Yimceddalen:
Tella temna t n Yimceddalen tekki er temnadin n “Zwawa”, seg temna in-agi ad d-nebder ( Mejista, At Mlikec, At Kufi, At Guzit, At Zirikuf, Kerisfina, Uzilda, Mua, Zeglewa d Wat Mrana ).
Tettwazde temnadt-agi seg tsutwin tiqburin, ayen i t-id-yessebganen d ti ermiwin yezrin, anda ara naf later n snat n t ermiwin, am :
-“ Azun ” deg Uqbu
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* Anekcum n tneslemt er temna t n Yimceddalin deg tallit n “ Musa Ibn Nusayr “. A as n tem emmrin d wid yecken en deg tdeyyanit, imrab en d wid yessnen awal n Rebbi, d ayen i d-yessebganen belli imezda n temna t-agi umnen s wayen i d-tiwi tneslemt, d wayen i d-iwin yimussnawen n tesredt d yidles, seg-sen :
- Abu ali Naser El Mceddali ( 1234 / 1331 ), yedder deg taggara n - Abu El Fa l Muhammed El Mceddali ( 1414 / 1416 ).
- Mu ammed Sale El Rra mani El Mceddali ( 1739 / 1886 ).
Deg tallit n Yiterkiyen ( I etmaniyen) ,1514 , Imceddalen kkin ne ddan d “ erruo “, deg umennu mgal Isbenyuliyen, syin er-s, zdin d Sale ” Rayes “, i d-yusan seg tmana t n Lezzayer, deg ubrid-is er Bgayet, deg 1820, beggsen Yimceddalen mgal Iterkiyen .
Deg tallit n unekcum afransis er temna t n Yimceddalen tekki er temna in n usammer, maca asmi te li Qsentina, tu al er “ Lmeqrani “, s yin er din, deg 1847, tekki deg tnekra n “ Bu ud “, anda nnejma en Yimceddalen deg “ Yi il Hemmad “ dayen i yeooan Fransa texdem ta essast deg “ Wat Mensur “, deg useggas n 1850. Deg 24 yebrir, yusa-d “ Bube la “ er taddart n Yiwaquren, anda kkin yid-s a as Yimceddalen.
4- Tanekra n Yimceddalen:
Deg useggas n 1871, tanekra-agi atas i d-tewwi n lexsara, ne tamettant n watas n yimdanen, anda tella tnekra n “ Ccix A eddad “ akkdd le rac n Leqbayel i yekkren s amennu , deg-sen L erc Amceddal, lad a mi d-i edda Lmeqrani seg Wat ebbas deg ubrid-is er Tubiret, yella-d deg useggas-agi 08 seg Magu. D amennu gar yiserdasen Irumyen akked L erc amceddal i yellan deg Lesnam akked Wat Menûur, deg useggas-agi kan, yella-d lexde n
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yimdanen d a deg lawan-nni, atas n Yimceddalen i ijem en ( ttwa fen ), d wid yemmuten.
Deg useggas n 1895, tu al l essa seg Wat Mensur er Yimceddalen, d a imaren yella yiwen umejjay arumi isem-is “ Mayu “ , d a teqqim temna t n Yimceddalen s yisem-is, tu al d ta iwant n Mayu.
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Tasekla tamazi t :
Tasekla d allal n usugen n wafrayen d tektiwin n umdan, d useqdec-nsen deg unnar (tudert-is n yal ass).
Tamsalt n tsekla Tamazi t tec eb ac al d amaru, d azzayri ne d aberrani, ma i d yiwen ne d sin i inudan, i yuran, ur nezmir ara ad d-nemmeslay akk fell-asen d leqdicat-nsen, maca nezmer ad d-nadder kra seg-sen deg yimedtyaten.
Irumyen : nezmer ad d-nebder seg-sen : « Hanoteau, Henry Basset,
Dujardin… »
1- Hanoteu, d yiwen n umsaltu afransis, yedder di tallit n temhersa mgal amnekcam arumi deg tmurt n Lezzayer, yura isem-is deg umezruy n tsekla taqbaylit, ad d-naf ayagi ma nu al er wayen yura :
- Les coutumes kabyles, Paris, chalamel, 1869. - Poésie populaire de la Kabylie du Diurdjura, 1858.
Seg tmetti taglizit, ad d-nekkes Wiliam, inuda ef tsekla Tamazi t, yegmer-d tamedyazt, d wammud n tmucuha seg tmetti taqbaylit, yura-tent s teglizit.
Timetti Tamazi t ula d nettat, ad tt-naf tefka-d wid i as-yefkan azal i ric-agi n unadi deg tsekla, wid i nezmer ad d-nebder seg-sen d :
- Mass emmed ellawi, Tiwsatin timensayin n tmedyazt taqbaylit/Tiwsatin
timensayin n tesrit taqbaylit.
- Mass Mu end Akli Sal i: Asegzawal ame yan n tsekla, Edition l’Odyssée, 2012.
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- Mass Yusef Nasib, ye re ad d-ibeggen agerruj n tsekla tamazi t akked tzemmar n leqbayel, yenna-d: « llan seg yimezda n tmurt n leqbayel kra n
yemdanen i izemren ad d-inin ayen i eddan i 200 d inzi mebla ma lin deg tullsa ne deg usexle »1
- Mass Muhend Akli Haddadou: Introduction a la literature Berbere, H.C.A, 2009.
-Mass Mulud M emmri: Poèmes kabyles anciens, la découverte, 2001.
D wiya .
Awal ef tsekla tamazi t ezzif atas, maca nezmer ad nessewzel fell-as awal s wamek i tt-id-yeglem Dda Lmulud At M emmer « c’est un miracle »2, imi ugar n 14 n leqrun i d-tel a seg yimi er ume (me sub d timawit tamsarit), ur tengir.
- Wissen d a ma tella talast gar tensayit d tetrarit deg tsekla Tamazi t ? - Amek i yezmer ad d-yili wawal ef timawit d tira deg tsekla tamazi t ?
Mass amel emri, yebda idles amazi ef sin ye ricen deg wawal-is: 1) “Ayen i asen-d- an imezwura, ne ayen i d-werten, llant kra n temsal qqiment akken i d-bdant ef te zi n umezruy, am ideqqi ne ufexxar, tazerbit deg unu en-is, ticrad, d tsegda n lebni atg. as ad naf yella ubeddel ne usnerni di kra, maca yettef udem-nni-ines aheqqi, ideg yemgarad d yidlisen-nni en, am tutlayt, tasekla timawit, cc , ccna, ansayen, tasertit.
2) Udem wis sin, d ayen i d-u wen seg yidelsan-nni en, ama d ifiniqen, iyunaniyen, a raben (lislam), ifransisen, isbenyuliyen atg”3.
1 - N. Yusef : « proverbes et dictons Kabyles » , Ed. Andalous. P 22. 2-M.M emmri : « culture savante, culture vécue ». Ed .Tala. 1991. P 04. 3 - Dj. emri. Anadi di tmedyazt, Ed. HCA. 2007. P 07.
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A- Gar tensayit d tetrarit:
Awal ad d-yili ef tetrarit d tensayit deg tsekla Tamazi t, yal agdud deg uma al yes a ayen i d-yettu alen er ur-s d wayen I er yettu al, timetti Tamazi t ula d nettat tura amezruy-is s wansayen-is imesba uren deg yal tallit deg yal ta ult, ihi ma nezmer ad neb u tasekla Tamazi t Ilmend n wakud, ad tt-neb u ef snat n talliyin ( tasekla tamensayt, tasekla tartart).
Tansayit yesbad-itt-id Mass ellawi :” dayen yedder umdan deg talliyin yezrin “1, ma d tatrarit, yenna-d Mass Mu end Akli Sal i belli d aferdis ur nnumen ara yemdanen deg tsekla-nnsen, me sub tettas-d s wudem amaynu ( a anib, tutlayt, asentel … atg)2.
1 - .M emmed. Tiwsatin timesnayin n tesrit taqbaylit. Ed. HCA. 2007. P07. 2 - M.A.Sal i. Asegzawal amezzyan n tsekla, Ed. L’odyssee. 2012. P 65.
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B- Gar tira d timawit :
Tira d timawit d allalen s wayes d-tettili tsekla, yenna mass Sa di Durman ef u ric-agi ef temsalt n tmazi t deg wawal-is: “ Am wakken tez am tutlayt-nne , tedder deg yiwet n lihala timawit kra yekka umezruy ,aqel-a tura nhedder i uzgar-is er tira s uzrag n tmerwin n yidlisen deg yal tawsit taseklant”1, Mass Mu end Akli Sal i, yettwali belli timawit ma i d ayen yellan kan seg yimi er ume , ma i da en d ansayen i d-te a tsuta i tayed s yimi kan, yessegzi-d timawit d ttawil sseqdacen yemdanen akken ad idiren ta erma-nsen, maca ur tezmir ara ad tili timawit war tira deg lebni n tsekla, i b unt mgaradent ur ttemye zalent ara, yenna-d : « ulac di ddunnit timetti ideg ur tettili ara timawit d tama n tira »2.
Mass Paul Zumthor, yebda timawit ef krad n wannawen :
1-Timawit tamsarit : mehsub ulac deg-s tira.
2-Timawit ixel en d tira : dagi tira er yidis n timawit, maca timawit ugar n tira. 3-Timawit tatiknulujit :udem-agi d atrar, acku nnulfan-d wallalen imaynuten n tetiknulujit ( iwnes ussid, ama af, tasfift, adebsi, anternet, tilizri…)
Yenna da en Mass amel emri ef wayen ye nan timawit n tsekla taqbaylit :” Tasekla n tmazi t d tamerkantit di tmeslayt d yidles, di te zi n yiseggasen yezrin, tebna ef timawit yellan di lsas i d-tettak tsuta i d-yedda, ahat ma nudder-d timawit ad d-nadder tame ut yellan d tigejdit I ef tebedd, deg yikufan, tettawi deg walla -is cfawat I tezzerrib, i tett adar ef yal tamsalt ara telmed deg ubrid n tudert-is, tessawa -it seg yimi er yimi, akken i tezze ib seg yigefran n tatut, tihbibert yetta en tame ut iwakken ad tessim er mmi-s s tmu li talqayant, yettarra-tt wakud ad te mi ayen ized en alla -is … “3.
1 - S.Dourmane. Abrid n tudert-iw, Ed. HCA. 2008. P 05. 2 - M.A.Sal i.op.cit Ed. Pp 61-62.
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Azenzi n tsekla Tamazi t d yehricen-is:
Tasekla Tamazi t Tamensayt Tatrart Tasrit -Tamacahut -Taqsi t -Timse raq -Tim ayin -Inzan -Lem un
Tamedyazt Tasrit Tamedyazt
-Tamedyazt yettwarun -Tamedyazt yettwacnan Ungal -Tullist -Amezgun A-n tlawin: -Acewwiq -Azuzen -Aserqes -Am ezber -Adekker -Isefra n trad -Asbu er -A a B-n yirgazen: -Aquli -Azenzi n l enni -Adekker
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Imedyaten n yal tawsit n tsekla:
I- Tasekla tamensayt
Tasekla tamensayt tbedd ef sin ye ricen igejdanen, a ric amenzu “tasrit”, nezmer ad t-neb u ilmend n wamek I t-yeb a Mass Mu end Akli Sal i, ef sdis n tewsatin :
A- Tasrit
- Timucuha - Tumgisin - Tiqsidin
Krad n tewsatin-agi, tteune sabent d lsas n tsekla ta erfant, er myal agdud deg uma al, akka i d-yenna ” Van Gennep” 1.
- Inzan - Lem un - Timse raq
Iger-iten Mass ellawi M emmed deg yiwen n lqaleb, iwumi isemma (innan wezzilen)2
1- Tamacahut, d tagnit n ttrebga, amedya: Lun a yelli-s n tteryel, tura-tt Tawes emruc.
2- Tumgist, yesnulfa-tt-id umdan iwakken ad yessefhem yis-s iman-is, tella seg wasmi i d-tebda ddunnit, akka i d-nnan yinagmayen n ta ult-agi, amedya: tislit n un ar.
3- Tiqsi in, me sub tawsit-agi tcudd er tesre t, d tudert n yimceyy en n yillu, amedya : taqsi t n Sidna isa, d Sidna Ibrahim lxalil…
1- M.A.Sal i.op.cit. P 49.
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4- Inzan d lem un, akken kan I ddukulen, ttilin-d i uwelleh, andah d ferru n temsal, amedya :
-lme na: win ye an ye a, waye tarbut tekkes.
-Inzi: yiwen n um ar, deg wass n l id yettraju sdat n tewwurt n uxxam-is, ad iceyye aleb n yemsebriden er ssuq, imi netta ur yezmir ara, win t-yu an ad yerwel, d a yessaker iman-is er ssuq, almi d-yu al, yusa-d ur-s yiwen yilem i ad t-i afer, yenna-as: l id tamerbu t a ba Sa id, yerra-as-d : “ i edda
id a umer”, yeqqim-d d inzi.
5- Timse raq, d tagnit n useqdec n walla , d tru i n uqerru, d usebgen n
le raca, amedya: ad t-ta ud ur t-tettlusud, ad t-telse ur t-tetta ud, ( lekfen).
B- Tamedyazt:
Ur nezmir ara ad d-nemmeslay ef tmedyazt tamensayt n Tmazi t, war ma nebder-d Hanoteau, d amsaltu afransis, yellan deg tallit n unekcum arumi er tmurt n Lezzayer, d win i d-igemren ayen din seg tmedyazt, as ulamma iswi-is d aserti, ma i d asekfel d uhraz n tsekla tamazi t.
Mass Mu end Akli Sal i, ye red ad yessewzel tiwsatin n tmedyazt tamensayt, taqbaylit, deg sdis n ye ricen igejdanen1:
1- Tamedayzt n tyemmat 2- Tamedayzt n um ber
3- Tamedyazt n lweqt n uxeddim 4- Tamedyazt n lfuru
5- Tamedyazt tadiyyanit 6- Tamedyazt n tegrawla
28 Imedyaten:
1- Acewwiq:
Smelleh ar nebdu azetta S rrqem ara d-yeflail Selhumt-tt a lmuluka Tamlilt-is wer in telli D win ara d-yawin ttelma
I yi eggale n yirkelli
2- Am ezber:
Ger yemma Xli a d yigawawen:
Zik-nni sin n yigawawen ur ttamnen ara s lbaraka n yemma Xli a tafruxt, usan-d ur-s ad stehzin yis-s, nettat tella tes a sin wakraren, nitni nnan belli d akraren-nni-ines i as-d-yettawin isallen n madden, d a asmi
d-ww en ur-s, nnan-as :” a yemma Xli a, lembat aqla nensa, kker zlu-a yiwen seg wakraren-agi-inem”, d a terra-asen:
A Rebbi efk-d ame im Deg yigenni ad yeg d i lawen
Ad ye leq Tizi n Kulal D-yellan gar-i d yigawawen
Tamussni-nsen d a ilif Lem ibba-nsen d asawen
Ma tiwim-d azal n sin Kkert ad tezlum yiwen
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3- Azuzen:
Ers-d ers-d a yi es
Memmi d agemmu n rremman Sinef fell-as yal a an Ad yegmu s tezmert yeqwan
4- Aserqes:
Cteddu cteddu leqmer Ad irebbi wuzyin n nn er Ad yali d uzniq i er Yecqa-yi cc el ma yexser 5- Asbu er: Awi-d afus-ik Afus ayeffus Ad yeqqen l enni Lbaz n lekyus
II- Tasekla tartart:
Tasekla tartart ula d tasekla tatrat s timmad-is tbedd ef sin lsisan, tsarist d tmedyazt, d acu kan tasekla deg lawan-agi tegma-d, tbeddel deg tewsatin d yisental … atg
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Tasrit: deg tallit-agi, tessen udmawen imaynuten deg tsekla:
a) Ungal: Mass Mu end Akli Sal i, yenna-d fell-as belli “ d tawsit n tsekla, d a ris ezzifen, ttuqten deg-s yiwudam”1, amedya: Bururu n Taher uld A mer, ye re ad yessemlil gar sin yisental, arebrab d tayri. Tu alin n mer Mezdad, asentel i ef d-yettawi d inig.
b) Tullist: Yenna fell-as Mass Mu end Akli Sal i :”d tawsit n tsekla d-yettilin s tira, tal a wezzilen, tettalles-d ef wayen yeggten deg tudert n yal ass” 2, amedya, Zik-nni deg Wat Dwala n Rem an Lacheb, Ass-nni n mer Mezdad.
c) Amezgun: er Mass Mu end Akli Sal i, d tawsit n tsekla d-yennulfan as melmi kan, d adiwenni d-yettilin gar yiwudam3. Ula d netta s timmad-is nezmer ad t-nebdu ef kra n yi ricen:
1- Amezgun yettwarun: Bururu n Sa id Ze nun 2- Amezgun n usayas: Fellag
3- Amezgun n rradyu: Sliman azem d ccix Nurddin, taqsi t n lfil.
Ur nezmir ara ad d-nemmeslay ef umezgun aqbayli, war ma nebder-d Mu ya ( Mu end uye ya), d agellid n umezgun aqbayil, amedya ( taceqquft n lmut).
Tamedyazt, d tami rant yuggten ass n wass-a deg tmetti-nne taqbaylit,
nezmer ad tt-nebdu ef sin ye ricen: tamedyazt yettwacnan d tmedyazt yettwarun.
1- M.A.Sal i. op.cit. P 73.
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a) Tamedyazt yettwacnan, ggten yisental i ef d-tettawi:
_Inig: Sliman azem
_Tamagit: Me tub Lwennas
_Tayri: Murad Zimu, Yasmina, asen A res
_Tamedyazt n tejmili: Sliman azem ( ccix Mu end) _Tasertit: Sliman azem, Me tub Lwennas, miruc … atg
b) Tamedyazt yettwarun:
_ Ha ira Ubacir ( Titga n tmess )
mer Mezdad (Tafunast igujilen), ef tmagit, icebba imazi en er yigujulen. _ Salem Zinia.
er taggara, a as i yettwalin belli yella uceqqiq gar tsekla tamensayt d tsekla tartar, gar tira d timawit, lad a ayagi ur ise a ara, imi ulac tilisa ibedden s wudem unsib gar-asent, myal yiwet deg-sent tettleqqim taye , myekcament mwagar-asen.
Tussna n tmetti :
Awal « Tussna n tmetti ne Sociologie », yefka-as « Emmanuel-Joseph Sieyès » tal a tuddist :
-Socio : yeb a ad d-yini yes-s « d ayen yettafaren amdan deg tudert-is n yal ass, d wassa i t-yurzen d yimdanen i as-d-yezzin ».
-Logie :i seb-itt « d ambaddel n tektiwin gar yimdanen s wawal »1.
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Tussna:
Tussna d tagruma n tmussniwin anda myal yiwet tes a leqdic imman
( dommaine particulier ). Ad d-nefren kra n tmussniwin i ibeddlen ama al d tudert n umdan seg wasmi I t-id-yexleq Sidi Rebbi ar ass-a : mathématique, la chimie, la biologie, la mécanique, la pharmacie, l’astronomie, l’archéologie , l’économie, sociologie, la medicine … rtg.
Myal yiwet seg tmussniwin i d-nebder tezmer ad teb u d i ricen, am waken
myal yiwet deg-sent tes a leqdicat-ines d wallalen imamnen. Tussna n tmetti d a ric seg tussniwin n umdan (siences humaines), (tudert
n umdan, tafekka-s, tigzi-is, idles-is, tamussni-is …tgr), tella-d i usegzi n wayen i d-yettnulfun deg tmetti, ama deg wayen ye nan tiktiwin, ama d allalen yesseqdac umdan akken ad tent-id-yessuffe er unnar, d wamek yettidir idles-ines deg tmetti.
Tabadut n tussna:
1- Time riwt, tamussni n kra n t awsiwin yessawaden amdan ad yegzu amek ara yessel u tudert-ines, s yiberdan yemgaraden d leqdicat i d-yettmaggar di tudert-is n yal ass.
2- D tagruma n tmussniwin I d-yekseb umdan seg t uri d leqdic deg unnar. 3- D ayen ye nan aqe ed d uwenna d tasemlilt di tmussniwin.
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Amezruy n tussna:
Amezruy n tussna yezdi-t wassa yeqwan d umezruy n tmettiyin d ermiwin-nsent.
Tussna t ac amezruy yenn en, yemcubbaken, nezmer ad d-nefren sin ye ricen n wakud I tedder deg umadal:
a- Amezruy n usnulfu ussnan seg tmama.
b- Amezruy n uxemmem ussnan seg tama nni en.
Iswan n tussna n tmetti mgaraden, imi imusnawen n ta ult-agi, fkan azal i leqdic, tawacult, allalen (ttawilat), assa en, tawsit n umdan (argaz ne tame ut), azal n umdan d twuriwin-is, tasredt, alla (axemmem, tiktiwin, tamu li n umdan er t awsiwin…), idles…rtg.
Gar tsekla d tussna n tmetti
Ac al d amusnaw i d-yemmeslayen ef tsekla d tussna n tmetti d wassa i ten-yezdin, Mass Kamel Bu mara, deg leqdic-is n doctorat « SI LBACHIR
AMELLAH, 1861-1930, un poètes-chanteur célèbre de kabylie », yemmeslay-d
ef wassa yellan gar snat n tmussniwin-agi, yenna-d : « la relation
qu’entretiennet les deux entités :littérature et société », yudder-d timu liwin n
kra n yimusnawen, ef temsal-agi : J.P.Sartre, Jack Dubois, Henri Zalamansky. Amedya, Zalamansky, yettwali snat n tmussniwin-agi (tasekla d tussna n tmetti), mqarabent, ama deg tezri ama deg tesnarrayt, yenna-d K.
Bu mara : « du point de vu théorique et méthodologique, le rapport reliant la
société a la littérature pourrait être approché selon Zalamansky (1970), de différentes manières possibles[…] »1
IXEF WIS
KRAD
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1- Tabadut n wansayen :
Awal n wansay deg yidles amazi , dayen i d-yeqqimen tsuta seg taye , yes a tazrirt d tussna d t uri s ways i d-tettas tmetti, tta an-tt-id i warraw-nsen, sse fa en-asen amek ara fen deg-sen, iwakken ur ttruêun ara deg tatut.
Ansayen ssebganen-d ansayen n yal ta erma, ne ahat asenfali ef wayen yellan d amuffir. D allal swayes tetteddem tmetti ti mi-s; Tettak-as-d udem ara tt-yessemgirden ef tmettiyin-nni en.
Ansay d awal i d-yekkan seg teglizit “FOLKLOR”, isemma-as yiwen n umusnaw aglizi “Wiliam Jons Toms” deg useggas n 1846, yeb a-t ef sin wawalen: “folk” d “lor” :
-Folk: d timetti
-Lor: d tussna ne d lemtel yettu al er tmetti-nni.
er yirumyen, d tamu li-nniden akken yettwali “Archel Tayler”, Folklor: d allal i d-te a tsuta i taye ama s wawal, ama s wansay yettwasxedmen, yettili-d waya s tmacahut, s tezlit ne s yinzi.
Yettwali “Gorj Mirzog”, Folklor: d tudert n tmetti s umata, ne d idles n erma, anamek-agi yu adeg meqqren deg uma al; Tamu li ef unamek-a, yes a sin yiswan d igejdanen deg tezrawt ixedmen ef wawal FOLKLOR, tamezwarut, d asnerni deg wawal-agi iwakken ad yili d asewse n wayen i as-d-yezzin, am wayen yezmer umdan ad t-yexdem ne ad t-id-yessebgen s wayen i d-yettbanen ne d amuffir. Tis snat, yezmer ad yili d anadi ne d tazrawt tamaynut ef tmetti.
Tebda-d tezrawt seg tmurt n Lalman, er en watmaten DREAM ad d-gemren akk ansayen. Tikti-agi n FOLKLOR, tu a as, tewse deg 1877, deg yal
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am iq, s akkin, yewwed er Kanada, yerna yu er tmura-nni en, lad a deg tmura tinselmin.
Ihi ansay d ayen yellan d idles, d ta uri n tmetti, d tsekla timawit.
Mass Mu end Akli Sal i, yessegza-d anamek n wansayen : “ ansay yettawi-d ef tmussniwin d wazalen i tettak tsuta i taye ” 1. Ansay aseklan d ayen akk yella d iberdan n usnulfu i afaren yemdanen deg tmetti. iberdan-agi zemren ad rzun tiwsatin n tsekla, akken da en zemren ad ilin qqnen er lebni n ye risen d twuriwin-nsen deg tmetti. Ma yella ur firen ara yemsnulfuyen iberdan-agi (nnumen madden), atan ad d-tban tetrarit deg tmetti.
Deg usegzawal n tefransist, yettunefk-as unamek : « ensemble de régles
présidant à la pratique d’un culte, coutume, habitude » 2, ihi, ad yili d agmar n wallugen i yellan yagi, ama dayen yellan deg yidles, ayen yu bnadem tannumi ixeddem-it d l ada.
Ad d-nini, ansayen dayen icudden akk er tmetti s umata, fkan-as udem s wayes ara temgired ef tmettiyin-nni en.
2- Tignatin n tmenna n wansayen d yisental-nsen:
Timetti taqbaylit tbedd ef wansayen s wudem-nni en, ur tefki ara afus deg kra lsisan i ef tbedd, d ansayen-agi i as-yefkan azal akken ad d-tban d ta erma, emlen ansayen-nsen, ur ten-tta un ara d ugur, ur ttet in ara yis-n, akken i d-yenna Hanoteau deg udlis-is “ les coutumes kabyles” belli leqbayel fen, ckent en mli deg wansayen-nsen deg yal tagnit, imi ten-ttwalin d yiwen n uferdis i yettidiren yid-sen, ur zmiren ara ad fken deg-s afus 3.
1 - M.A.Sal i. Asegzawal amezzyan n tsekla. L’odyssee. Tizi Ouzou. 2012. P 36. 2 - Dictionnaire de la langue Française, Ed. SDL. 2009 . P 405 .
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Timetti taqbaylit, teb a ansayen-is ef kra n yisental: Tisemhuyin, lfuru d le zen, d wayen-nni en. Me sub tugget deg-sen n lfuru , myal mi ara ad d-gren ta awsa deg walla -nsen, ad tt-xedmen, ad as-steb en ansay deffir-s, ad yes u adeg d wazal. isental-is wessi it atas, ma i d yiwen n usentel i ef bedden wansayen-agi, ad d-naf imedyaten-a:
a) Wid n lfuru : tislit mi ara tewwet l enni, ilaq ad as-t-tewwet tin yes an zzher, tin yes an tawenza l ali, ne tin yes an amenzu d aqcic, akken tislit-nni ad d-teffe am nettat, ad tes u zzher, ne amenzu-is d aqcic.
b) Wid n tsemhuyin: deg tegrest, mi ara yekkat wa u qessiden, seg lxuf n
yemdanen, ad awin aqcic amec , ad i elleq azedduz, akken ad ye bes wa u-nni.
c) Wid n le zen: yettili deg tmettant, a as n tyemmatin i yettagaden ef tyessitin-nsent, acku aman n lmeyyet-nni, ur ilaq ara ad ten-te bes tlemzit ur nejwij ara, acku am waken i d-qqaren wat zik, ur jewwjent ara, ad yemmet zzher-nsent, am waken yemmut winna.
d) Ayen nni en: aqcic mi ara yuzum i tikkelt tamezwarut, ad t-ssalin s ufella n uqermud, ad isew aman, daxel-nsen ad tili t awsa n lfetta ( taxatemt, tamenguct … ), iwakken ad tesfu nniya n uqcic-nni er rem an am waken tesfa lfe a-nni.
Agdud aqbayli, iga assa gar umdan d wansay, iga ssebba i wansay akken ad d-yaf tifrat, ansayen yettidir yis-n, ur yezmir ara ad ten-ye , ne ad yeb ed fell-asen.
D tigi i d tignatin i deg d-ttilin wansayen, as akken iswi yemgarad, ansayen-agi
rennun-d i tmetti taqbaylit, ccbaha d wazal, nettat da en ur tefki ara afus deg-sen.
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3- Tamu li n tmetti s ansayen:
Timetti taqbaylit, lad a tamna t n Yimceddalen, ttwalin ansayen d ayen i d- an lejdud, tugget deg-sen fen deg-sen, ur ten- in ara ad msun, imi rennun deg wazal n tmetti-nni.
Seld mi nexdem anadi deg wannar, s wammud n yisteqsiyen, nessawe er tririyin n yimsul a, anda i a -d-fkan tamu li-nsen er wansayen,tugget deg-sen swezlen-d awal ef wansay, imi yal yiwen amek i as-yefka tugna-s. Me sub erc Amceddal yerra lwelha-s atas er wansayen-a, ad t-inaf deg tmedyazt i d-ttawin deg kra n wansayen, fkan-asen ti mi s ways ara asen-d-rnun ccba a d wazal. Tamu li-nsen ur te bis ara kan deg wazal ne di cba a, imi emmlen ansayen, fen deg-sen, ttamnen yis-sen, ur-sen ma yella ur d-yedri ara yiwen seg wansayen-nni, ad as- ulfun, ad ren belli d winna ur xdimen ara akken, i d-yettre qen deg-sen, semmayen-as “ tawa it”.
Maca yella uferdis ame yan, ur yerri ara lwelha-s er wansayen, nezmer ad d-nini d tasuta i yekcem kra n zzhu, imi d-yekcem yidles aberrani, d a an ayen yellan d ansay, ddmen ayen yellan d amaynut, rran timedlin i wansayen, tiririt-nsen tban, ttwalin belli ansayen-a ttawin-asen-d tacmat d le ya, ttethin yessen, ilen d tikerkas, deg wayen akk i d- an lejdud.
Tamna t n Yimceddalen, ur t emmed ara i fennu n wansayen, imi tugget deg-sen mazal-iten ckentden deg-sen, fkan-asen azal i yuklalen, s ways ara d-tban tmetti-nsen, ur rzin ara tajaddit-nsen.
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Ansayen, tamedyazt d yinzan :
“ Mi ara nu al er umezruy n Yimazi en ad naf s tidet ur urin ara idles-nsen, maca tella tmu li-nni en ur wiyyad, d akken idles ur yeqqin ara er tira, yettwali er tmu li i d-te a tsuta i tiyya , si tmedyazt, timucuha, inzan, tidyanin, tineqqisin rtg. Nettwali annect-agi d idles, tinna-nni en, ayen icudden
er tutlayt s yiman-is, i deg ef tekka deg tjerrumt, amawal … atg ”1, d ayen i d-yenna Mass amel emri deg udlis-is “ Anadi di tmedyazt”.
Tasekla Tamazi t tessasen-d seg yal tawsit, tettwassen yis-sent seg zzman aqbur, tga gar-asent assa en yemgaraden. Leqdic-nne “ansayen n tmurt n Leqbayel”, ihi ansayen i nessawed ad d-negmer deg leqdic-agi-nne, nga-asen assa d sin wudmawen (snat n tewsatin) n tsekla, yes an azal deg tmetti-nne : Tamedyazt d yinzan.
A-Gar wansayen d yinzan:
a) Inzan:
Tabadut i as-yefka Mass emmu amaren :” inzi d awal i d-yettwannan s nnkuz, u yes a azal meqqer, d awal i ggan d lemri i wayen ye ran, ayagi deg yizri. Awac yettarra-a -d tigatin yedran achal-aya fell-asent, d timuddirin, myal mi ara d-temlil d tegnit yurzen ur-sen. D awal wezzilen di tinawt d tira, yeqqnen s tme la er tikta, yeskan-d tigzi n umdan d tfelsafit-is di tmeddurt gar-as d tmetti-is” 2.
Mass Mu end Akli Sal i, yesbadi-d inzan3 :” D tawsit n tsekla timawit. Tal a-ines d tawezlant : yezmer ad d-yili yinzi d tafyirt ne d kra n tefyar:
*Yuker re , yeggul umne .
1 - Dj. emri :” Anadi di tmedyazt, Ed. HCA. 2007. P 07.
2 - . emmaren: “ Ula deg wawa … Inzan n leqbayel” , Ed. HCA. 2007. P 04. 3 -M.A.Sal i. op.cit . P 49.
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*Ma t emle -iyi, ur iyi-tettbabba er Mekka Ma tkerhe -iyi, ur iyi-teqqaze a ekka
*Ma yif-ik a gma-k lebruj, bnu s lyaju urqim Ma yif-ik a gma-k le rus, kker s afras d ttelqim Ma yif-ik a gma-k me u, a ya bib xdem ne qim.
Ma nu al er usegzawal n tefransist (Dictionnaire de la langue française), ad d-naf ayagi : « proverbe : Subst. m. : Brève formule imagée, issue de la sagesse populaire »1.
b) Assa gar yinzan d wansayen :
Nezmer ad d-nessewzel a ric-agi deg wawal i d-yenna Mass emmu amaren :” Anzi d awal i d-yenna yiwen, yu al yuzzel akk deg yilsawen n wiya . Tikti itteddem, tseggem, d timeswit, u d tam azit. Anzi, yeskan-d tikli n umdan, yeskan-d tansayit-is ne tigad n ugdud s umata, ne tigad n taddart d udrum … atg . Am waken da en i d-igellu s tririyin d yisallen ne amezruy s umata. U yettlal-d si kra n yegnan: “ Asefru, tamacahut, ameslay”2.
c) Kra n wansayen yes an inzan:
1- “ Ye a ti n l id “: deg wass n l id, ur ilaq ara taqcict ad te ti n yizimer ( buzelluf), ma ulac ad teggar madden s ti .
2- “ Temce -as yemma-s ef ukessar “, l ufan, ilaq ad as-tme yemma-s ef ukessar i waken ad yejju eg zzher-is, ef waya yiwen mi ara ye urrec, ad yekker sse d-is, neqqar-it yinzi-agi fell-as.
1 - Dictionnaire de la langue Française. 2009. P 371 . 2- . emarin op.cit. P 04.
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3- “ Aqecca deg wallen-ik “, mi ara d-tili t awsa tamaynut, tin iceb en, ad tt-iwali waleb ur d-yenni ara “ ad ibarek Rebbi”, ad d-yeddem bab n awsa-nni as ar, ad t-ire , ad d-yini inzi-agi, akken ayen ara ya en ta awsa-nni, ad ya as ar-nni deg um iq-is.
4- “ lemle n ufus “ : d awal i neqqar, am waken d a erbun ef t awsa, d azamul n ttman, n ccaruka, mi ara k-inin lemleh n ufus, me sub sin yemcaraken deg t awsa, ad d-yili gar-asen laman.
5- “ tagella d lemle “ , d inzi yettwassnen atas deg tmetti taqbaylit, sin ma tecrek-iten tgella d lemle , yecrek-iten wayen yelhan, lfer , lqer , nne ma, tagmat, tayri … atg.
6- “ aman d lama “, inzi-agi yezdi achal d ansay, seg wayen i d-negmer deg wammud-nne , yiwen ma iqubel wayed s waman, iqubel-it s laman, ad yezdi wayen yelhan gar-asen, war kukru.
7- “ Ye a timnenna ”, deg wass n l id ameqran, taqcict ur ilaq ara ad te ije dan n yizimer, ma ulac ad tezzi ad tettenne , ula deg wawal n yinzi-agi.
8- “ Yesfe wudem-is s usekkure “, dagi, aqcic mi mezzi, ad teddem jida-s ne tameqqrant n uxxam asekkure , ad as-tesfe yi-s udem-is, iwakken ur yettet i ara, ur yettkukru ara, ad d-yettawi azref-is.
9- “ Dinna i as-te li timi t “, aqcic amec , anda i as-te li timi t-is, ad emmel adeg-nni, ad yezgu yettruhu er din, d a yeqqim-d d inzi, aleb anda i emmel kan ad yeqqim ad d-nini fell-as inzi-agi.
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B- Gar wansayen d tmedyazt:
Deg leqdic-nne , deg unadi-nne deg unnar, lad a er kra n tem arin-nne , sya er da , mi ara -d-bedrent ne ad a -d-ssegzin aleb n wansayen, ini gren-t-d asefru gren-t-deg wawal-nsent, me sub gren-t-d ifulka n wayen i gren-t-qqarent, gren-t-d ayen i gren-t- ijebbden imesli ne ime ri, d ayen da en ara t-ye en ad yamen ayen i ef d-ttmeslayent, ad t-id-tejbed tezmert yecban tagi, d ccba a n tenfaliyin, ad i er ne ad inadi iwakken ad yissin ugar ef waya.
a- Kra n wansayen yes an tamedyazt:
1- Amagger n yiqeffafen s waman, d ayen l ali, aman d azamul n laman, tezdeg, ssfa d man:
- eslama-nwen a yiqeffafen. - I d-yusan si tmura ibe den. - S waman nemmugger-iten . - eddan-d edd ur t-uggaden.
2- Seksu ( l ella, nne ma ), ur ilaq ara ad ten el, lad a ur ilaq ara ad – dilint fell-as tqejjirin, ixiqqan d u errem :
- Ad d-ncekker irgazen yellan da.
- Ad d-ncekker imrabden d-ye ran lxe ba. - ur ten-ncuba, er ssa aba.
- Ass-a d ase di, cekkremt inebgawen. - Err-d a erbal, i seksu n yirden.
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3- Lbaru deg tme ra d azamul n tirrugza d lfer , ddheb d azamul n thuski d le la:
- Ad d-ncekker i ddheb s wu fir. - ef lba ud yett errir.
- A Yat llebsa n le rir. - Yettarran l ebd-is d a fir.
4- Tislit mi ara teffe ddaw n ufus n baba-s, neqqar-as “ ddaw le naya n baba-s “:
- Axxam ant tullas. - Ttrun ula d isulas.
- Mi teffe ddaw le naya n baba-s. - Win irebban yelli-s.
- S l ezza d ttnefxa.
- Alamma d taggara n wass. - At-a yusa-d wit t-yewwin. - Rebbi ad akem-isebber a yelli. - -am dde wa lxir.
- Ru ad txedme i yelhan. - I yem aren d yilewsan. - Wigad-nni ara n-tafe .
5- Mi ara iger uqcic amec taqejjirt i tikkelt tamezwarut, ad as-t egger jida-s aman gar i arren-is, akken ad yettazal, ad serr en i arren-is er tikli:
45 - I memmi ad yennerni.
- Aman gar tqejjirin. - Ad yeg tisurifin.
- Ad yettmentar deg teb irin. - Ad d-yawi tifeqlujin.
- I yemma-s ad teg ti lulin.
6- Taruzi n uqeccad ( as ar ) deg wallen n umed ul, bu tismin, ma yella waleb yemmuqel ltufan, i eyyed fell-as, ur d-yenni ara “ ad ibarek Rebbi “, aleb ad yerz as ar, iwakken tit ara yettredqen deg l ufan-nni, ad tetter eq deg uqecca -nni:
- Cteddu er bu eddu. - I mmi ad yeg uju.
- Ad yecbu tafukt n unebdu. - Ad yettuzur irennu.
- Atayen ay asales. - A Rebbi ader fell-as.
- Aqecca deg wallen n une as. - Ti b ed-itt fell-as.
- A Rebbi ader fell-as. - Te a ziz i nanna-s. - Ad yim ur yexdem fell-as. - Atayen ay igenni.
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7- Asizzel n yidammen ef l ara tajdi t, d aseb ed n ti fell-as : - Aqla nebna l ara s lfer d ameqqran.
- Ad tt-nezde , wa ad-tt-zed en warraw-nne . - S lehna d te zi n le mer.
- Ad tili deg-s lehna. - Ad ternu ccafu a.
- Ass-agi ad as-nezlu ikerri. - S yis-s ad d-nawi rre ma. - Ncallah ad teglu s lbaraka. - Akka i tt-id- an yimezwura. - Nufa-d nnan-tt-id akka. - Nekni ad as-nkemmel. - Ttarix amezwaru. - Ncallah ur i elli ara. - Ttxil-k a Rebbi l izza. - Lehna d lalla Fatima. - D netta i ten-id-ixelqen. - Kulleci d nettat i t-id-ye an. - ara tajdidt telha.
- a ma llan yem aren. - Rennun-d sser d l erma. - Ncallah ur ttne nayen ara. - Efk-asen ssehha d lehna. - Ad ww en anda tmenna tasa.
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8- Rem an n uqcic amec i tikkelt tamezwarut, ad tessalin s ufella n uqermud, ad iseww aman n lfe a, ad ye timellalin:
- an warrac imezyanen ad uzumen. - Nitni ur as-zmiren ara.
- Yezwer uqcic ad yuzum.
- Ahat Rebbi ad as-yefk lqewwa. - Melmi ara yedden.
- Ad isew aman n lfe a. - Ad ye timellalin.
- Akka ayyur alamma yekfa.
9- enni n teslit, ilaq ad as-t-tewwet tin yes an tawenza yelhan, akken ad att-te fer deg lehna, ad taf iman-is ula d nettat:
- Teddid-d ur-i s nniyya. - Akken ad iyi-tcebb tasga. - Ncallah lfuru ad zaden. - Ur neqqsen ara.
- Ad iyi-d-tes aqcic amenzu. - Ad yejju eg lfer deg l ara.
- Ad ellqe ddu s le naya n lawliyya. - Ad kem-iger Rebbi d tawenza tase dit. - Ncallah ad nefre ur-m.
- Ad tzade ur tneqqse ara. - Kemmini rez im aren-im. - Ad tawi lbaraka.
- Kemmini rez ilewsan. - Akken ad inin umaddra.
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10- Tam art mi ara tcudd tislit-is s tesfift, akken ad tili d aqerru fell-as. - eslama, ad kem-id-zzu re s tesfift.
- Ad ne del ttbi a.
- Tura a yelli sse a d lehna. - Ur nettem acac ara.
- Ass-agi ad iyi-tcebb tasga. - I kem-id-yewwin d amenzu n tasa. - Nekk ur am-xdime ara ccayna. - Kemm ad d-te lid deg yirebbi-w. - Amzun d yelli n tasa.
11- Asizzel n yidammen mi ara d-ilal l ufan, me sub ayen ara yettwamezlen ( ama d izimer ama d ayazi ) ad yili d asefel, ayen ara d-yasen er l ufan-nni ad d-yas er wayen yettwamezlen akkenni :
- Ilul uqcic deg l ara.
- Ad d-trebbi s sse a d lehna. - Mebruk fell-awen sbu . - Le quba er lextana. - Ilul uqcic d aleqqaq. - I t-id-yefka d axellaq. - D Rebbi i t-id-yefkan. - Ma i d l ebd a emmaq. - Yefre wul yezla ikerri. - Ttejra tger-d ixulaf. - Nnan-as d ti iqert.
49 - Iferre Rebbi fell-as.
- Meqqer uqcic d ilemzi. - Ad t-ye rez Sidi Rebbi.
- Tefre yemma-s s memmi-s. - Tesres-it-id deg yirebbi-s. - Mebruk fell-awen sbu . - Le quba er jwaj-is.
Kra n wansayen yes an tifyar tukrifin:
1- “ ezzif yiles-is “, aqcic amec , ur ilaq ara ad ye iles n l id
( buzelluf), acku qqaren ad yu al ad yett awal ameslay, d a qqaren ef waya ( ezzif yiles-is).
2- “ Zdant tu mas-is”, l ufan mi ara yebdu asem i, xeddmen-as irekmen akken ad d-ff ent tu mas-is zdant, qe dent.
3- “Asizzel n yidammen”, mi ara d-tili t awsa tamaynut er edd n twaculin, ad as-zlun ayazi ne ikerri, neqqar-as “ uzzlen fell-as idammen”.
4- “ Zid uqemmuc-is”, mi ara d-ilal l ufan, ad as-tesse jida-s sker, ne tamment, akken ad yi diq, ad yissin ad yemmeslay, ad weznen yimeslayen-is, d a yiwen ma yeffe -d ye deq, ad d-nini fell-as “ zi uqemmuc-is “.
5- “ Melli it lec al-is “, aleb mi ara weznen lec al-is, l enni ara tewwet teslit ad yes u lemle , qqaren iwakken ad imli en lec al-s deg uxxam-is, ad qettben, ad tim in.
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6- “ Berrikit wussan-is”, mi ara teddu teslit, ddurt ur tkeccem ara takuzint, ur tettnawal ara, ma ulac ad temsex d tibuxin, qqaren ad ibriken wussan-is amwakken berrikit tbuxin-nni.
7- “ Ye a-t slam”, aleb ad ma i ezz-t nnig n ucenfir-is, neqqar fell-as belli ye a-t slam, ad izerr aleb , ad yemsalam yid-s.
8- “ Tt eddin fell-as yizaylalen”, mi ara d-nini ef walb awal-agi, lme na-s ad tt eddint fell-as t awsiwin, ne yimeslayen, ur asen-yettfaq ara, Md: am ar ur ilaq ara ad tekksed s dat-s aze a, ma ulac ad tt eddin fell-as yizaylalen.
9- “ Tecce ce tafat-is”, win ireb en yufa-t, ad d-nini fell-as awal-agi, am l enni n teslit, ilaq ad as-t-tewwet tin yufan iman-is, iwakken ula d nettat ad tecce ce tafat-is.
10- “ Yessared i arren-is”, alb mi ara iru seg wadeg, ur d-yu al ara yak ur-s, ur i awed ara ad d-yezzi er din, ad d-nini fell-as tanfalit-agi, Md: tislit mi ara teffe seg uxxam n baba-s, ad tessired i arren-is s dat n tewwurt, iwakken ad tersu deg uxxam-is, ur d-tberru ara.
11- “Takurt tasemma t”, d cwit n wakal i d-ttekksen seg wakal yessummut win yemmuten, ttekksen yis-s lfeq a i warrac imec . 12- “ Tes a afus “, neqqar-it ef tin tella yakan jida-s ne yemma-s
txeddem alb n lec al, tu al ula d nettat txeddem-it, Md: tin yes an afus i teg t, tettekkes tag t i l ufanat yudnen.
13- “ Tawenza n wure ”, za ma tawenza n ddheb, tin ne win yes an zzher, yejju eg sse d-is.
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Taggrayt :
Leqdic-nne n tsastant ibedd ef kra n yisteqsiyen ,imi deg tazwara ne red ad d-nefk tamukrist ara a -yessiwden ad nekkes aggazen n ubhat .Timetti-nne d tanesba urt deg wayen ye nan ansayen, nessawed add-naf kra n yimsul a i yerran lwelha-nsen er wayen i yefkan ti mi i tmetti Taqbaylit .
Tasastant-nne nexdem-itt deg kra n tuddar ,imezda -is fkan tixutert i wayen d-an imezwura ,nessawed ad nzer belli ansay d ayen d-icudden er t erma n wegdud ,irennu-as cba a d wazal i wayen ttidiren.
Seg wakken leqbayel fkan azal i wayen yellan d ansay,d a b an-ten d i ricen yal yiwen anta tagnit i deg d-yettas,kra b an-ten d tisemhuyin,wiyid ef l ufanat akked d teslatin. Isental gten, maca ur nessawe ara ad d-negmer akk ayen yellan ,imi anadi-nne ibedd ef timawit me sub d ccfawat kan n yim aren d tam arin.
Tamurt n leqbayel d agerruj i tes a deg wayen ye nan le wayed,nezmer ad d-nini tefka udem iwatan akken ad tt-nefren ef t ermiwin-nniden, da ur tefki ara afus deg-sen as akken nemlal-d amdan me iyen n wid ur nerri ara azal i wansayen, maca yella wayen yessefra en ,mi ara d-nmagger kra n yelme yen i a -d yennan belli mazal-iten ttafaren abrid id-neren lejdud .Maci kan d tignatin i er newwe deg leqdic-nne ,ma na nufa-d ayen yellan d amaynu ;d assa yellan ger wansayen akked yinzan s an yiwen n unamek ,maca tal a i deg d-ttasen temxalaf , inzi am wakken nezra d astem en ef t awsa s tal a wezzilen temgarred ef wansay id-yettasen d awal s webrid asegzan d gellu-is s tmetilt i t-yean ad yettwixdem .
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Mebla ma yella nettu a ric-nni en yes an assa er wansayen, d tamedyazt, ne re ad d-negmer isefra i yal ansay, d acu ur nessawed ara akk ad ten-id nawi acku llan wid ur nes i ara tamedyazt, tugget deg-sen ttawin-ten-id deg wansayen n lfuru akked d kra n tsemhuyin , d ayen i asen-yernan azal, ttawin-ten-id kan tem arin yes an ta ect d ccfawa yeqwan mi ara d-mlilent d agraw, fell-asent i ibedden yisefra n wansayen.
er waya i nessawe deg leqdic-nne , as akken ur newwi ara ad d-negmer akk ayen yellan d ansay, maca wid id-newwi akk s an azal, cudden er wayen i ef tbedd tsastant-nne , ama d ayen ye nan tignatin ,isental d wayen yurzen er wansayen ama d tamedyazt ama d inzan , yal wa d acu-tt twuri-s deg yal ansay. Amahil-nne wessi a as maca ne re ad d-nawi ayen iwumi nezmer seg wammud n yisteqsiyen ,ne re ad d-nessekfel ayen i a -d-an lejdud ,akken ad t-nessemne seg tatut da ad yeqqim i lebda ur imessu ara, ad t-itaf tsuta i d-iteddun .
Tanfalit n taggara i er nessawed belli ulac timetti i yessnen, i yegzan d acu i d azal n wansayen-is am tmetti taqbaylit. Ulac i yessnen, i ifehmen, iqe den am yem aren-nne d wayen i a -d-bnan d agerruj.
Nessaram leqdic-agi ad yeqqim d a balu i tezrawin i d-iteddun, da nessaram ad d-sfaydan yak yis-s yime riyen.
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Amawal
- Asugen : l’illustration. - Afrayen : les sentiments. - Tiktiwin : les idées. - Amsaltu : militaire - Tamharsa : la colonisation - Mgal : contre. - Amnekcam : colonisateur - Amezruy : l’histoire - Tasekla : la littérature. - Tamedyazt : la poésie - Ammud : le corpus - Timetti : la société
- Tizemmar : les compétences - Inzi : le proverbe - Tullsa : la répétition - Tansayit : la tradition - Tatrarit : la modernité - Timawit : l’oralité - Agdud : le peuple - Imesba uren : riches - Tallit : la période - Ta ult : le domaine - Aferdis : l’unité - anib : le style - Asentel : le thème - Allalen : moyens
56 - Ansayen : les coutumes
- Tasuta : la relève
- Ta erma : la civilisation - Annawen : les types - Ugar : plus - Iwnes-ussid : C D Rom - Ama af : la radio - Tasfift : la chanson - ebsi : l’album - Tili ri : la télévision - Azenzi : le schéma - Tasrit : la prose - Tiwsatin : les genres - Timucuha : les contes - Tumgisin : les légendes - Ta erfant : l’internationale - Ama al : le monde
- Inzan : les proverbes - Timse raq : les devinettes - Inagmayen : chercheurs - Tasre t : la religion
- Imceyy en : les prophètes - Aserti : politique
- Tagrawla : la révolution - Ungal : le roman
- ris : le texte - Tullist : la nouvelle
57 - Amezgun : le théâtre
- Adiwenni : le dialogue - Iwudam : les personnages - Asayes : la scène
- Agellid : le rois
- Taceqquft n umezgun : la pièce théâtrale - Tamagit : l’identité
- Tayri : l’amour
- Tussna n tmetti : l sociologie - Assa : la relation
- Tiktiwin : les informations - Idles : la culture
- Iswan : les buts
- Tiwuriwin : les fonctions - Ti ri : la théorie - Tasnarrayt : la méthodologie - Asenfali : exprimer - Tazrawt : l’étude - Alugen : la règle - Tisemhuyin : saisons - Tugget : la majorité - Tamna t : la région - Imsul a : informateurs - Tanme la : la cohérence - Ime ri : le récepteur - Ansay : la tradition - Ta iwant : la commune
58 - An ul : le sud - Asammer : l’est - Amalu : l’ouest - Agafa : le nord - Tajumma : superficie - Tab est : le courage - Tazrirt : l’influence.
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Ammud n wansayen: 1-Wid n l ufanat:
-L ufan asmi ara d-ilal, jida-s ne yemma-s ur tessef ar ara 24 n tsa tin, iwakken ur d-itteffe ara d azeqqa , ur ittezzel ara afus-is er wu i n medden.
-l ufan mi ara t-id-awin er uxxam, ad t-teddem tlemzit ur nejwij ara, d lfal i wayen yelhan, ahat ad tejwej.
-L ufan mi ara d-ilal, ad as-yexdem win i ercen ( emmi-s, ne xali-s) ta ect-is er tqemmuct-is, iwakken ad d-yeffe ye rec am netta.
-L ufan, taqcict, mi ara d-tlal, ad as-tesfe yemma-s ne jida-s s uyefk i teksumt-is, ad as-tger lfe a daxel n ta t, ad tesres ddaw n t erdin-is iwakken ur tetta ar ara d tice rurin.
-L ufan, ad as-tesfa s waman yal sbe , akken ur ten-yettaggad ara.
-L ufan mi mezzi, ad as-tge el jida-s ne yemma-s i lecfar d timmi, iwakken ad d-ff en larma -is d iberkanen.
-l ufan, mi ara d-ilal, ad tedhen yemma-s ne jida-s s lemle iwakken ad d-yeffe d amel an.
-L ufan mi ara d-ilal, slafen-as i tqerrut-is ef ukessar, akken ad yes u zher anda yedda, ad yif tizyiwin-is.
-L ufan mi ara d-ilal xedmen-as taxemsat, elqen-as-tt deg yice en-is akken ur teggaren ara l ibad s ti .
-L ufan mi ara d-ilal, ilaq ad yettel, tawatla-nni ilq ad t um s uce , akken ur yettefriwis ara.
-L ufan mi ara d-ilal,ur ilaq ad as-tessurfe ,akken ur yettduqqus ara. -L ufan mi ara yet es ur ilaq ara ad t-tmuqle , iwakken ur yettifriwis ara. -Aqcic amec mi ara d-yessem ay, xeddmen-as irekkmen, iwakken ad z ent
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-L ufan ad teddem tem art s uzeggar, ad as-tesfe udem-is iwakken ur yettet i ara. -L ufan, win ara as-igezmen timi t, ad d-yeffe am netta deg kullec.
-L ufan ur ilaq ara ad yeqqim we des deg wexxam, akken ur d-tettegray ara lfeq a
deg-s. -Aqcic mi ara yekkes tu mest i tikkelt tamezwarut, ad tt-i egger s ufella n
uqermud, ad yini:” fki -ak-n tu mest n bublik, err-iyi-d tin n lfe a”.
-L ufan mi ara yeqqim i tikkelt tamezwarut, ad teddem tem art n uxxam taqeddu t, ad tger deg-s irden, ad ten-id-tesmir ef l ufan-nni, iwakken ad d-yawi s lxir d watas n nne ma.
- Mi ara d-ilal l ufan, ad teddem jida-s ne yemma-s ttelqa, ad tt-t emm deg ta ult, ad tt-tessetbe ef timmi n ltufan-nni, akken ad d-teffe timmi-is teq ed, ad te fer ttelqa-nni.
-L ufan ilaq ad azzlen fell-as yidammen, ad zlun izimer ne ayazid, akken ayen ara yaden l ufan-nni ad yemzel uyazi ne yizimer-nni.
-L ufan, ur ilaq ad fesren ice en-is deg yi ij, qqaren d ayen n diri ilaq ad fesren
deg tili. –L ufan mi ara d-ilal, xeddmen-as tamment er tqemmuct-is iwakken ad yizi er
madden, ad emmlen.
-Aqcic amec mi ara d-yezzi fell-as l id amezwaru,ad isettel i tikelt
tamezwarut,ad t-yawi jeddi-s ne baba-s er ssuq (taswiqt-is tamezwarut),ad d-ya aqerru n uzger ne n izimer ,akken ad yili d aqerru n wexxam.
-Aqcic mi ara yessiwe le mer n rem an, ad yu um i tikkelt tamezwarut, ad t-tessali yemma-s s ufella n uqermud, mi ara yedden, ad as-tefk afen al n waman, yes a s daxel-is taxatemt n lfe a, ad as-ternu timellalin, lfetta iwakken ad tesfu nniya n uqcic-nni er rem an, am ssfa n lfetta-nni, ma d timellalin, d asqizzeb i uqcic iwakken ad yettu um yal ass.
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-Aqcic mi ara yexten, jida-s ne emti-s, ne yemma-s l enni, ad as-t-tessebzeg deg uqeddu n yideqqi, ad yes u timellalin d t anin, ad as-t-tewwet i umextan, s yin i warrac.
-Tin ara s-yewwten l enni i umextan, ad tewwet akk i ufus-is nettat, s yin ad t-texdem ef umnar n tewwurt n uxxam iwakken ad terr ti ef uxxam d umextan. -Amextan, uddun-as idrimen deg uqendur-is, iwakken ad yerbeh deg tudert-is. -Amextan, mi ara s-wwten l enni, jida-s ne emti-s, ne yemma-s ad tebbe afus-is deg uqedduh-nni n l enni, ad as-t-tewwet deg uqendur-afus-is, deg uzagur-afus-is, i tririt n ti .
-Le lam n umextan, ad d-teddem jida-s ne tin meqduren tafunart n l ame n lpari, snat n tmellalin, ad tent-tcudd s a anim, ad yerfed deg yigenni, syin baba-s ne jeddi-s ne emmi-s n uqcic, ad yewwet aqer as ef tmellalin-nni, iwakken tit ara ye re qen deg umextan, ad te erdeq deg tmellalin-nni.
-Mi ara s-teccucef jida-s ne yemma-s i l ufan i tikkelt tamezwarut, ad as-d-tesmir ef uqerru-is idrimen, akken ad yi ziz er madden akken zizit yedrimen.
-Jida-s n l ufan ne yemma-s, mi ara t-tettel, ad t-id-teddem seg tqejjirin, ad as-terr aqerru-is ef ukessar, akken ad yes u lqedd d u enqiq.
- Ma yekcem l ufan er terbut tilemt, qqaren d aksum ara d-ikecmen s axxam-nni. -Anda ara s-te li timi t i uqcic amec ad i emmel adeg-nni, ad yettru u daymen
er din.
-Timi t n uqcic, ad tt-igellu s akayad, tettak afud.
-Aqcic, ma yella yes a ti , xeddmen-as tem arin lmel , ad as-tezzin-t, akken ad tekkes tit ad ye lu.
-Aqcic mi ara yebdu tikli i tikelt tamezwarut, ad as- eggren aman ddaw i arren-is, akken ad iserre deg tikli.
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-L ufan,mi ara ya en tag t ,ad as-tekkes tem art yes an afus ,ad as-texdem yiwen yem i (merruyet) er tanzarin-is d tqemmuct-is,alma ye des-d weqcic-nni tlata tikal,imaren ad ye lu.
-L ufan, mi ara d-ilal, xeddmen-as ayeffk n yemma-s er tanzarin-is, akken ur ihellek ara a u.
2-Wid n teslit:
-L enni n teslit, ad as-t-tewwet tin yes an tawenza l ali, akken ula d nettat ad tes u zzher am tinna.
-L enni n teslit, ad as-t-tewwet tin yes an aqcic d amenzu, akken ad tes u ula d nettat aqcic d amenzu.
-L enni n teslit, ur ilaq ara ad as-t-tessired tlem it, ma ulac ad teqqim ur tjewwej ara, am waken tiwi-as teslit-nni zzher-is.
-L enni n teslit, ad as-t-tessired yemma-s, aman-nni sways t-tessared ad ten-tesmir er ttejra ne tara, akken ad jju gen wussan-is, ad tes u dderya, am wakken
tejju eg tara-nni.
-Ad wwtent akk telme yin ur nejwij ara seg l enni n teslit, iwakken ad d-yas zzher-nsent ula d nitenti, ad jewjent.
-Asmi ara tekkat teslit l enni, ad as-ce len tacemma t, rnu ur ilaq ara ad tnes, ad teqqim tce el alamma tekfa wehd-s, iwakken ad ce len wussan-is.
-Aqeddu n l enni n teslit ad yes u timellallin, timellalin d azamul n ssfa d temlel (ccba a), akken ad ticbi teslit, ad tesfu er uxxam-is.
-L enni n teslit ad yes u lemle , akken ad timli deg uxxam-is, ad imli en lec al-is d leh ur-al-is.
-Ass i deg ara tewwet teslit l enni, ad as-sersent aqcic deg yirebbi-is iwakken ad d-tes u aqcic d amenzu.
-Tislit ilaq ddurt send tame ra ur tt-yetta u ara urgaz-is, d ttira n diri.
-Tafunart n teslit, l ame n lpari d tazegga t ne d tawra t, ad tes u krad n lmeryat, yiwen s dat, sin ef yidisan, ttarran tit si yal tama.
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-Tislit mi ara d-teffe seg wexxam n baba-s, ad s-d-selsen abernus ,iwakken ad as-d-yernu di cbaha d sser, ula d argaz yettlusut akken ad yess u lhiba n wergaz. -Tislit mi ad d-teddu s axxam n wergaz-is,azekka-nni ad as-kksen kukru ,s
usuffe -is ad tezzi i wexxam,ne ad tru er tala. -Tislit mi ara teffe seg uxxam-nsen, ad t eddi ddaw n ufus n baba-s ne n gma-s,
lme na-s, ddaw le naya n baba-s.
-Mi ara teffe teslit seg uxxam n baba-s, ad tt-ruccen s waman, iwakken ad tru di laman.
-Mi ara teffe teslit seg uxxam n baba-s ad fer en deffir-s akken ur d-tettu al ara, ad tersu deg uxxam-is, ur d-tberru ara.
-Mi ara teffe teslit seg uxxam n baba-s, ad tessired i arren-is s dat n tewwurt n uxxam-nsen, akken ur d-tettu al ara.
-Tislit d yesli, ad ten-tcudd tem art s tesfift, ad ten-id-zzu er alamma d tawwurt n uxxam, akken ad mlilen di sin, ad ten-yezdi sidi Rebbi i lebda.
-Tislit d yesli mi ara ww en sdat n tewwurt n uxxam, ad asen-tessew tem art ayefk, ad asen-tecce a emmuc, ayefk d azamul n ccbaha d ssfa, a emmuc d azamul n tize t, ad izi en wussan-nsen.
-Mi tewwe teslit er s dat n tewwurt n uxxam, ad tessami teslit amnar n tewwurt s ufus ayeffus, ad tekcem s axxam s u ar ayeffus, tama tayeffust iwakken ad teglu yid-s lmalayek er uxxam-is.
-Ti imit n teslit deg tesga, ad tekcem talemmast n uxxam, tu al seg uxxam-nni. -Ur ilaq ara ad teqqim teslit deg te mert n uxxam, iwakken ur tettwa zal ara, deg uxxam-is.
-Ameqran n uxxam ad as-yekkes le ab i teslit, imi d netta i d im ebber n uxxam. -Taseb it n wazekka-nni, ad d-teddem teslit-nni aqeddu n l ada, ad t-tefk teslit i win i errcen, ad t-yewwet er l , akken ad d-ff en warraw-is ercen am netta. -Azekka-nni n tme ra, taseb it, tislit ad truh ad d-tagem aman seg tala, ad te ar sa n yibuqalen, ad ten-tettdeggir er deffir-s, aman d laman.
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-Mi ara tecbe teslit, azekka-nni n tme ra, ad tserreh i ucebbub-is, ad as-mec ent snat n tem arin, yiwet seg tama, taye seg tama-nniden, ad as-xedment tazarezt. -Tam art n teslit, ad as-tcudd tasfift-is, akken ad tili d nettat i ttim ebbert.
-Mi tecbe teslit, ad as-yegzem ulwes-is takuzzit, akken ad tes u arrac, ad ercen am emmi-tsen.
-Tislit, ddurt ur tettami ara tibuxin, imi tibuxin d tiberkanin, ma ulac ad ibriken wussan-is.
-Tislit, ur ilaq ara ad tles ta awsa taberkant, ma ulac ad ibriken wussan-is. -Tislit mi ara tebdu cc el, ad teseww u i xfifen akken ad ixfifen lec al-is. -Tislit, ur ilaq ara ad teffe alamma t edda ddurt ef tme ra-is, iwakken ad tersu deg uxxam-is.
3_ Wid n ugama:
-L ufan, ggaren-as tifettusin-is deg udfel, akken mi ara yim ur ur yettqajjar-ara. -Mi ara yekkat wadu mli , ad as-i elleq uqcic amec asedduz, ne tafelluct, akken ad ye bes.
-Mi ara d-yewwet ubruri s watas, ad teddzen deg lqa a akken ad ye bes. -Mi ara yekkat udfel, ur ilaq ara ad t-mmuqlen madden, akken ad yessu.
-Mi ara yekkat udfel, ur ilaq ara ad t- eyyde fell-as, ma ulac ad ye bes.
-Amagger n tefsut, ad nnejma en warrac d tarracin, ad awin tun ict, tarracin ad serr ent i yicebbab-nsent, ad cebb en akk, ad ruhen er tizzegzewt, ad d-jem en ije igen, ad uraren.
-An ar: d ansay i s-yettwassen ugdud amazi , zik-nni, yiwet n teqcict tecbe a as deg ssifa, myal ass tettru u teccucuf deg yiwen wasif, iwala-tt ugellid n waman, te eb-as, i elb-itt i jwaj, ur teqbil ara, d a ye bes akk aman ef tmurt, aca ma teqbel yis-s ar d-iserre i waman, te weq tme bunt, d a teqbel ad tt-ya , d a iserre -d i waman, ma d nettat, i ella yis-s s igenni, seg yimir-nni, yeqqim-d d
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ansay, myal mi ara d-ye li una ur di tmurt, ini kkren yimezda ad cebb en i teqcict ifazen deg ssifa, ne i teflut, ad tt-fken d asfel i ugellid n waman, akken ad yekkes ana ur ef tmurt.
-Deg lawan n temqecrin, mi ara ye waleb n warrac timeqcert, mi ara tekfu, ad yedden iqecran-is, ad ten-idegger er deffir-is, ad yini :” sme sme , tidi n
ufella ”. -Mi ara d-zzden madden zzit, ini ferqen ma hwaya-s tabriqt tabriqt i yal axxam deg
taddart, akken ad ibarek deg-s sidi Rebbi.
-Deg lawan n userwet n temzin, ad nnejma en yergazen deg lexla, ad xedmen tiwizi, tilawin deg uxxam ad niwlent, melmi d lawan ad en imekli, ad tawi tlem it am ic er lexla, ad tili teccucef acebbub-is, ad as-tserre , ad asen-tesres i yergazen ad en, iwakken ad tegget l ella d lxir, ad serr en am waken iserre ucebbub n teqcict-nni.
4_Ayen-nni en:
-Mi ara tesled i yetbir, yessawal ef aq, qqaren d inebgi ara d-yasen. -Asebba mi ara yenneqlab, bab-is ad iruh er waleb n yimukan.
- Ta bult n lbext, xeddmen-tt telme yin ur nejwij ara, ad tegg waleb3a deg-sen ta bult, s wewren, aman, d w tas n lemleh, annect ara texdem n wewren ara
texdem n lemle , ad sent akken ur sessent ara aman, anda urgent swant aman er din ara jewjent.
-Bururu, qqaren fell-as d azamul n tecmat, ihi er leqbayel, mi ara sslen deg yid i ti wist n Bururu, ne n tmi ruft, ad ini belli ad d-yili wayen n diri.
-Taqcict deg wass n l id, ur ilaq ara ad te axenfuc n yizimer, imi qqaren-d ad tent-ta ef uxenfuc.
-Taqcict ur ilaq ara ad te tit n yizimer deg wass n l id, ma te a-tt qqaren-d ad tetta madden s ti .
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-Win ur nettmeslay ara ( ur ihedder ara, d a eggun), deg wass n l id, ad tru
tem art, ad d-tejme sa n yilsawen n yizamaren, iwakken ad ten-ye u eggun-nni, ad yemmeslay.
-Taqcict tilem it, deg wass n l id, ur ilaq ara ad te ije dan n yizimer, ma ulac ad tettezzi ad tettenne deg lec al-is.
-Taqcict tilem it, deg wass n l id, ur ilaq ara ad te taqejjirt n yizimer (buzelluf), ma ulac qqaren-d ad txeddem tiqejjirin.
-Taqcict, ttaken-as ad te tiferrawin n uyazid, qqaren-d akken ad tefferfer (ad tejwej).
-Deg wass n t acurt, taqcict ad tegzem acebbub-is, me sub d a eccer, ad as-d-yu al meqqer, ugar n waken yella.
-Mi ara yemmet waleb , 40 wussa ur ilaq ara ad sensen tafat n wanda yella, ne zik d tacemma t, qqaren akken ad tce el tafat-is deg u ekka.
-Tame ut, ma yella ur as-tettidir ara dderya, win ara d-ilalen, ad as-tenqer amezzu -is, ad as- ellqen tamenguct, ddmen tayazi t taberkant, ad tt- eggnen, belli ad cudden rru n l ufan-nni er rru n tyazi t, ma tusa-d lmut ur-s ad tawi tayazi t-nni, dacu ur ilaq ara ad temzel .
-Aqcic deg wass n l id, ttaken-as ad ye tasa, qqaren-d iwakken ad yes u tasa, er yimawlan-is,
-Taqcict tilem it ur nejwij ara, ur ilaq ara ad-tmecce tiqessulin, d tmermi in, Ma ulac ad d-te li lehwa ass n usensi-is.
- Ma ten el lqahwa deg t er ert, qqaren-d ilaq ad as-ternu sufella-s ssker, dayen yelhan ara d-ye run.
-Ma yen el lemle deg t er ert, dayen n diri ara d-ye run.
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-Ma tekcem tlem it ad teccucef, ad tekker tme ut n uxxam, ad d-teddem lemle ad tesmir er uqerru n telmezyin-nni en yellan deg-uxxam, akken ur d-yettu al ara fell-asent lkeslan.
-Mi ara d-yass waleb ad atas ayagi ur d-yusi ara, ad teddem tmettut n uxxam tamellalt ne snat, ad tent-terre ef uqerru-is, akken ur yett awad ara ad i ab. -Mi ara yi i lebni d ajdid ,at wexxam ad zlun ayazid ne izimer, ad ssazlen idammen ef lsas-nni akken ad teb ed tit ef uxxam-nni.
-Axxam iwakken ur tetter iq ara deg-s ti , tt elliqen-as akermus, isennanen-is ttarran tit.
-Tisfi, tin ara tt-yekksen, d tin yu en mmi-s n emmi-s, me sub tin ijewjen di twacult-is.
-Mi ara temmundel tit n waleb , ad as-tezzi yemma-s tasarut ef tit-is sa n tikwal, syin ad as-t iwed seg tama-nni en.
-Aleb mi ara t-i ezz ufus-is ayeffus, ad as-d-kecmen yedrimen, mi ara t-i ezz ufus azelma ad yessuffe idrimen.
-Mi ara tettermumuc tit n waleb , ad ya u aleb atas ayagi ur t-ye ri ara. -Mi ara yessuni umezzu n waleb , d tizzya-s i yemmuten.
-Aleb ma ezzant wanzaren-is, d l aniwa ara yemmten.
-Mi ara sslen medden i tmi ruft deg yi tessawal, qqaren d aleb ara yemmten, imi bururu d azamul n wayen n diri, n tecmat.
-Ma i elleb-d urekti seg u rum, d inebgi ara d-yasen ad ye seg u rum-nni. -Yiwen ma i ezza-t s nnig n ucenfir, ddaw wanzaren, d aleb ara d-yasen, ad yemsalam yid-s.
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-Ma yella aleb t a-t timmi-is, d l aniwa i iheddren fell-as, ma d tayeffust d lxir, ma d tazelma t d ccer.
-Ma yen el lemle deg t er ert, d ayen n diri ara d-ye run deg uxxam-nni.
-Ma ten el lqahwa deg t er ert, ilaq ad rnun fell-as cwit n sker, d ayen yelhan ara d-yedrun
-Taqcict ur nejwij ara, ur ilaq ara ad tettwawwet s lfelluct, mulac ur tjeggej ara. -A a mi ara yekfu, ur ilaq ara ad yettwagzem sdat n telme yin, ma ulac ur tse u ara zzher.
-A a ur ilaq ara ad yettwagzem sdat n um ar ne n urgaz, ma ulac ad tt eddin fell-as izaylalen, ma yella am ar-nni ur yezmir ara ad yeffe , ad tesres tme ut taya ilt er uqerru-is.
-Yiwen ma yu a amdan ne ta awsa tecbe , i yye fell-as, ur d-yenni ara “ ad ibarek Rebbi”, ad dd-men as ar ad t-rr en, akken ayen ara ya en ta awsa-nni, ne amdan-nni, ad ye er eq deg us ar-nni.
-Ur ilaq ara ad as-tessurfe ( ma yella ye el, ad t eddi fell-as ) i walbe , qqaren-d d ayen n diri.
-Win ara icucfen lme reb, ilaq ad yeglu yid-s lmel , lawan-nni ittdewwiren lejnun. -Tamacahut, ur ilaq ara ad tt-id-tehku tayemmat deg wass, mulac ad d- f en
warraw-is d i eggunen, ma yella tehka-d ad tqelleb afus n tqendurt-is.
-Ta acurt, ur ilaq ara uxeddim deg-s mulac ad ttergigin ifassen n win ixeddmen. -Tilem it, ur ilaq ara temce deg yi , ma ulac ur tse ur ara zzher, ur tjeggej ara. -Tilem it ur ilaq ara ad temmuqel deg lemri deg yid, ma ulac ur tettaf ara iman-is deg ddunnit-is.
