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An Inductive constructive method for computation of the face lattice of a polyhedron

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HAL Id: inria-00074514

https://hal.inria.fr/inria-00074514

Submitted on 24 May 2006

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An Inductive constructive method for computation of the face lattice of a polyhedron

Doran Wilde, Sanjay Rajopadhye

To cite this version:

Doran Wilde, Sanjay Rajopadhye. An Inductive constructive method for computation of the face lattice of a polyhedron. [Research Report] RR-2158, INRIA. 1993. �inria-00074514�

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a p p o r t

d e r e c h e r c h e

INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET AUTOMATIQUE

An Inductive Constructive Method for Computation of the Face Lattice of a Polyhedron

Doran K. Wilde Sanjay Rajopadhye

N˚ 2158

December 1993

PROGRAMME 1

Architectures parall`eles, bases de donn´ees, r´eseaux et syst`emes distribu´es

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