HAL Id: inria-00074583
https://hal.inria.fr/inria-00074583
Submitted on 24 May 2006
HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- entific research documents, whether they are pub- lished or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.
L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.
Data-flow synchronous languages
Albert Benveniste, Paul Caspi, Paul Le Guernic, Nicolas Halbwachs
To cite this version:
Albert Benveniste, Paul Caspi, Paul Le Guernic, Nicolas Halbwachs. Data-flow synchronous languages.
[Research Report] RR-2089, INRIA. 1993. �inria-00074583�
ISSN 0249-6399
INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET EN AUTOMATIQUE
a p p o r t
d e r e c h e r c h e
1 9 9 3
PROGRAMME 2
Calcul symbolique, programmation et génie logiciel
Albert Benveniste, Paul Caspi, Paul Le Guernic, Nicolas Halbwachs
N˚ 2089
October 1993
!"#%$&'( *)',+-.0/-21.#
34 5768.-:9 ;;
<=?>2@2=BA:CCD*EGFIHJA:KMLBN KOQPCSR#>TKVUXWTNYDTZ2[Y=?>2@T=&A:CC\A]?U^>T_"D%]J@ `D_YUVDKV>2@TUXLaU^D%K
<=Q>bBD](cd<7egfdh*ijZYkY< cdH'h*i*c
ilA:[Y[.>2=?]*mD=QDL?nYD%=&L?nYDS_joETp2q2rsF tLB]?>2R.D="ur2r2vwFyxzrG[#A:@TDO
{S| }%~:#~2 _]Qn U^OG[#A:[.D=Z'D[ =QDO?D_]A4]QnYD%>2=QP>:*O?P_#L?nY=Q>T_Y>2NYOSmYA]&Ae#>: KXA_e
@2N#A@2DO0tlNY=']Qn D>2=?P"UVO O?NY[Y[.>2=Q]?DmSRPR#>T]QnSO?>2CD'nYDN =QUVOQ]?UXLlA:_#AKVPzO?UVO0>0A:[Y[ K^UMLA]QUV>2_ O
A:_#mOQ>2CD]QnYD>T=QD]?UMLA:KUV_2DO?]QUV@zA]QUV>2_4>:']QnYDSmYA:]BAe#>:[#A:=BA2mUV@2CtlNY=C>YmD%K0LB>:Te
D=QO'R.>2]QnSR.Dn#AUV>2N =&A:KA:_.m>2[.D=&A]QUV>2_#AK#A:O?[#DLB]QOZ#A:_.mSA:KVKV>:JO0R.>2]?nO?Pz_.LQn =Q>2_ >2NYOJA:_#m
A:O?Pz_.LQn =Q>2_ >2NYOOQ]PKVDO>:'U^C[YKVDCSD_]&A]QUV>2_5>2=lOQP_#L?nY=?>2_Y>TNYO[Y=Q>T@2=&ACO*hJnYUVOlC>YmDK
OQD=?2Dm4AOAGR#A:O?UVO]?>jDOQ]BA:RYKVUVOQn4]?nYD(B:S:jSY:l:#azB:#2" TQ¡£¢J:¤
¥¦§Y§¦¨a©
ª«z¬?®j¯.2°0}ImYA]&A§e5#>:jZYLa>2_#LBN =Q=QD%_#LBPZ#=?DA2La]QUV2D2Z.=?DA:K±e]QUVCD2ZO?P_#L?nY=Q>T_zP4OJAOQP_e
L?nY=Q>T_zP
²M³S´
µg¶·¸
´
µ¹ºV¶»g¼a½
¾Q¿.À:Á£Â.Ã#ÄBÅÆ À2ÇÂÉÈzÊQÊÌËÂÎÍ:Ï:ÏzÄBÅÐ5Ê?ÑÒÐMÀ:ÅÄBÍ2ÓBÀ ÂÊQÔÊÌÅgÇBÕÖQÄBË:ÐMÅÇÖ?Ð5ÂÁ×ËÐÎÀ2Ê.Ø£ÅÇBÙ*ÊQÃ.ÄBÅÆ ÄBØzÚ7ÛÜÝÓaÅgÄBÍ:ÏYÒ
ȧÞdß*Á×Ë:Á£ÂÐQàÊÅÊ#Ñ:Ê.Õ£ÇáÊ?ÖÀ2ÊÅÖÀ2Ê#Ê?ÐYÑ:Ê.ÕMâã.ÂMÏ2ÇÖ?ÊÒQßlÁ×Ë:Á£ÂÐQàÊÌÅgÊ.Ñ:Ê.ÕMâäVË2ÑÍ2ÂÐMÅÁ£ÊåMæã#á7ä5çæ:èÌÒ&ÇBË2Ñdß*Á×Ë:Á£ÂÐQàÊÅÊ
Ñ:ÊlÕ£Ç"éêÊØVÊË2ÂÊjåVéáã.¿èë.¿.À:Á£ÂJÏ2ÇBÏÊÅ'À2ÇÂ'ÈzÊ?ÊËSÏ:ÅÊQÂÊË:Ð5Ê?Ñ"ÇÂJÇaËÁ×Ë:ÔÁ£ÐÊQÑÕ£Ê?ÖQÐÎÍ:ÅgÊJÇÐlÐMÀ2Êláã.ì
Ù*ÊQÊ?ÐMÁ×Ë2Óí
µgî\ï2µÎðBñ¶óòXô*õò?î2ö·ññgµî2öÌ÷Qøðùµñ¶5¼µÎöºVú±»aµ
ÒûÄÄBÅÑ:Ã.ÁüMÆÊÌÅ5À2ÄaÍ2ÐÒaý&Í:Ë2Êÿþ:ë
¾?¾ ëë7ÇBË2Ñ ë #ëëÇaÅgÊjÃ.Á£ÐÎÀ äMûá7ääMá7ä5æ Òç.ÇBÙJÏ:Í2ÂJÑ:ÊÊQÇBÍ:Õ×Á£ÊÌÍYÒjá7ÊË:Ë2Ê?Â*ç.ÊQÑ:ÊTÒ
ÅgÇaË2ÖQÊÒBË2ÇaÙ*Ê Á×Å5Á£ÂÇ:ëرŠëç7ë:ÇBË2Ñ*ûdë ë2ÇBÅÊ Ã.Á£ÐÎÀ zÇaÈzÄBÅÇÐÄBÁ×ÅgÊ7ã#á7äMß
'Ò2ßlÁ×Ë:Á×Ï2ÇBÅÖÝ 2äÎá0æ¿Ò
!0ßÄBË:ÐÎÈzÄBË:Ë2ÄÐ.æÐß(ÇaÅgÐÎÁ×ËYÒ
ÅÇBË2ÖQÊ%ÒBË2ÇBÙ*Ê Á×Ù*ÇÓëØ£Å
Unite´ de recherche INRIA Rennes
IRISA, Campus universitaire de Beaulieu, 35042 RENNES Cedex (France) Te´le´phone : (33) 99 84 71 00 – Te´le´copie : (33) 99 38 38 32
«Y}« t*_[Y=Y`DOQD_]?D(N _YD]?nJ`D>T=QUVD*mDO KMA_Y@zA@2DOAJ.>2]QO'mDmÉ>2_Y_J`D%DOO?P_#L?nY=Q>T_YDO
tl_"bBNYO?]QU#DjKnPz[.>2]?nDO?DjOQP_#L?nY=?>2_YD[#A:=JKMASm>TNYRYKVDj_J`DLBDOQO?UV]Y`DmDjC DC>TUV=QD*D%]*]QD%C[YO`
mD*=Y`D[.>2_YO?DjR#>T=Q_J`D%O D*C>ÉmDKVD*W2N D(_ >2NYO'[Y=Q>T[#>TOQ>T_YOJ[Y=QD%_#mD_ LB>2C[Y]QDAGKMA5>TUVO KVDO
A:O?[#DLa]QOLB>TC[.>2=Q]?DCD%_z]BA:N,D]S>T[`D=&A]QUV>2_ _YDKVO c_ [#A:=?]QUMLBNYKVUVD=ZKDJ`DLaNY]QUV>2_ m'`DO?Pz_Ée
L?nY=Q>T_YUVOY`DD"mÉD([ =Q>2@T=&ACCD%O OQP_#L?nY=?>2_YDOlDOQ] D]QN.mU`` DDjOQN =JK^D[YKMA_S5>T_#mYA:CD_]&AKg
¯#~:}%&« #>2]jmDSm>T_Y_J`DDOZ0m A:]&A§e5.>:jZ#LB>T_#LBNY=?=QD_#LaD2Z=Y`DATLB]QU±&Z ]QDC[YOe=Y`DD%KgZ.O?Pz_Ée
L?nY=Q>T_YDD](AOQP_#L?nY=Q>T_YD
~:¯° ÿ~¯ ° ¯.~Y~¯ }
¬} ¯ ° S« ,«l °¯ ::« ¬"| «¬ :¯ ¯ }:#:
~: g}} «Y}
EYVu hJnYDjOQUVC[YKVDOQ] D AC[YKVDlP2>2N4LA:_ U^C4A:@TU^_ D ! " " " " " " ! ! " E
EY×E$#D_YD=BA:KVU&%UV_Y@S>2N =DWTN#A]QUV>2_.A:KA:[ [Y=Q>A2L?n' ! " " " " " " ! ! " (
EY×v$)*UVOBLBNYOQO?UV_Y@A:_4D#A:C[YKVD* " " " " " ! ! " " " " " " ! ! " +
,
{.-:¯- ¯} 0/Q¯#S1-:#:~2g 43Y~Y65 ¯Y®7¬
:¯ ¯ }
98
8 «
;:
vYVu hJnYDj]QUV_PSKMA:_Y@TN#A:@TD=<> " " " " " ! ! " " " " " " ! ! " up
vY×E OQOQN DO>:0>T[#D%=&A:]?UV>2_#AKOQDC4A:_]QUMLBO? " ! ! " " " " " " ! ! " ux
vY×v f*_#AK^PO?U^_ @"]?nYD@BA;CS[Y=Q>T@2=&AC " " " ! ! " " " " " " ! ! " u+
D$ ¬} ¯ °E3Y~YF5ÿ¯ ® | «1¬ :¯ ¯ ÿ}G «z¯.:«~: H}} «Y}
x#Vu <=Q>TRYKVDC O?]&A]QDCD_]I " " " " " " ! ! " " " " " " ! ! " E2E
x#×E hJnYDjOQP_#L?nY=?>2_Y>TNYOJOQ>TKVNY]QUV>2_ " " " " ! ! " " " " " " ! ! " EJ(
x#×v h0>:JA:=BmOJA:OQP_#L?nY=?>2_Y>TNYO*UVC[YKVDCD_]BA:]QUV>T_K ! " " " " " " ! ! " vYu
x#x kNYCC4A:=?P"A:_#m4mUVOBLBNYOQO?UV>2_K " " " " ! ! " " " " " " ! ! " v2E
L ¯°« M 98 ¯ 0ON P-:¯- ¯} ,,
(YVu _z]?=Q>YmN#LaU^_ @SOQ]&A]QDO " " " " " " ! ! " " " " " " ! ! " v2v
(Y×E$QJOQUV_Y@S[ =Q>2O?OQD]?O " ! " " " " " " " ! ! " " " " " " ! ! " vJ+
(Y×v k>2CDNYO?DB5NYKA:RYO?]Q=&ATLB]QUV>T_YOS>:j[Y=?>2@2=BA:COZ7CUYU^_ @\R.Dn#AUV>2N =&A:K*A_#m
>2[.D=&A]QUV>2_#AKOQDC4A:_]QUMLBO " " " " " ! ! " " " " " " ! ! " v2q
(Yx kNYCC4A:=?PR " " ! " " " " " " " ! ! " " " " " " ! ! " xzp
(YS( hJnYDjC\A]QnYD%C\A:]?UMLA:KOQD%C\A:_]?UXLaOJ>:H< ! " " " " " " ! ! " xzE
T (¯ ÿ}U¯ DVL
W X ZY \[ ZY]ZY
_S]QnYUVO [.A:[.D='D(La>2_YO?UXmÉD=O?POQ]QD%CO'>2[.D=&A]QUV_Y@jUV_S=QDA:K±eg]?UVCDJA:_#mn#A_#mKVUV_Y@D2D%_z]?O*A:O
D%K^K.A:OO^&LB>T_z]?UV_zN >2NYO`_"LB>2C[YNY]BA:]QUV>T_YOf*OJA:_D#A:C[YKVD2ZK^D%]NYOJmUVO&LaNYOQO']QnYDLA:O?D>:0A:_
A:UV=&La=&A]LB>T_]Q=Q>TKO?PzO?]QDCba4DA:OQN =QDCD_]QO(A=QDj=?DLBDUVTDm5=?>2C O?D_YOQ>T=QOjA:_.m[ =Q>YLBDO?OQDm
RP ]QnYD4LB>2_]?=Q>2KdK^>>T[YO]Q> [Y=?>YmN#LBD4LB>2CC\A:_.mO(AO(>TNY]Q[ NY]QOG5>2=]?nYD\ATLB]QN#A]Q>T=QOdc7]QnYUVO
UV_zT>2KV2D%O2A:=?UV>2NYO9eUV_#mO >_NYCD=QUMLAKÉLa>2C[ NY]&A]QUV>2_YO:kJUV]&L?nYUV_Y@l5=Q>TC >T_YDJ>2[.D=&A]QUV_Y@
C>YmD]Q>4A:_Y>T]QnYD%=(>T_YDSLA:_ R.DS[.D=5>T=QCDm A:N ]Q>2C4A:]?UXL%A:KVKVP">T=*RP ]Qn D"[YUVKV>2]Vc U^_ R#>T]Qn
LA:O?DOZD2D_]?OA=QD'=QDLBD%U^TDm]Qn.A:]LB>T_]Q=Q>TK]QnYDJ2A=QUV>2NYOLB>2C[YNY]BA:]QUV>T_YOUV_OQ>2CDmUVO&La=QD]?D
D2D%_z]GC>YmD2Vf >2=O&A§5D]P[YNY=Q[.>2O?DOZ>T_eK^UV_YD gA:UVKVNY=QDSmD]?DLB]?U^>T_ A_#m =?DLB>T_#@2N =&A:]?UV>2_
UVO([.D=Ì5>2=?CDmRP]&AgeUV_Y@ A2mÉ2A:_]&A@2D>:J]QnYDS=?DmNY_#m A:_#LBUVDOSUV_]QnYD4A:UV=&La=&A](O?POQ]QD%Chc
A2LB]?N#A:]?>2=?O"A:_#m OQD%_YOQ>T=jgAUVK^N =QDSmD]QDLB]QUV>2_ [Y=Q>YLBDmNY=QD%OA:=QDS_NYCD=QUMLAK LB>2C[YNY]&A]QUV>2_ O
]Qn#A][Y=Q>YmN#LaD*A:KMA:=?CO0A_#mG2A:=QUV>TNYO mD]QDLB]QUV>2_ O JnYUML?nSU^_G]QNY=?_S=QDO?NYKV] UV_"=?DLB>2_ #@2NY=?UV_Y@
]QnYD>T[#D=BA:]?U^_ @SC>YmD2
_\O?N#L?n =QDA:K±eg]?UVCD*LB>TC[YKVDO?PzO?]QDCOZ.mUD=?D_]=eUV_#mOJ>ÿLB>TC[.>2_YD_]?O*A:=QDUV_2>TK£e
2Dm Z_#A:CDKVP c.LB>2C[YNY]?D=QOJ=?NY_Y_YUV_Y@SO?NYUV]&A:R K^DjA[Y[YKVUMLA:]?U^>T_SOQ>5]A=QD2Z DKVDLB]?=Q>2_ UXLaOZ.CDBe
L?n#A:_YUMLAK#A:_.m>2]Qn D=mDUMLBDOZYA:_#mnNYC4A:_j>T[#D%=&A:]?>2=?OY<A:=BA:KVKVDKVU^O?C ZLB>2_#LaNY=Q=?D_#LBPZYA:_#m
=QDATLB]QUVTD"A:O?[#DLa]QOVuqZu2+Z#v Zb+QZO?nY>2NYKMmR.D"A:RYKVDj]?>SD_#LB>TC[#AOQOJ]?nY>2O?D"mUV2D=?OQDUV]QDCO
JUV]QnYUV_\AGOQUV_Y@TKVDJ5=BA:CD%>T=e2hJn U^OJC4AgeTDO ]Qn Dj=QDWTNYUV=?DCD_]?O'5>2=JA=QDKMA]QDm]Qn D>2=?P>:
LB>2_.LBNY=Q=?D_#LBPWTNYUV]?DmUD=QD%_z]ÿ5=Q>TC ]QnY>TOQD'5>T=0Al]QnYD%>2=QPG>:LB>2_#LaNY=Q=?D_#LBPLB>T_#LBD_]?=&A:]?UV_Y@
>2_YKVP>2_SUVOQO?NYDOJ>&.TMɦ×EJ+ Q2_S]?nYUVO[ =Q>2O?[#DLB]QUV2DTZY'D(A:=?D*=BA:]Qn D=JOQDDUezUV_Y@G5>T=A
]QnYD%>2=QPS>ÿLB>T_#LBNY=?=QD_.LBP5>2=(¨%¦!M#¨B¨%"M¦:©kN#L?n\AG]QnYD%>2=QPSO?nY>2N KXmLB>2_.LBD_]Q=BA:]QDG>2_]?nYD
mDOBLB=QUV[Y]?U^>T_ >:laBQ¨G#0LB>TCSRYUV_YUV_Y@jR.>2]QnOQ>5]JA:=QDTZA_#m4]?nYDj2A:=?UV>2NYOl[YKMA:_]QOlJnYUMLQn
UV_z]?D=&ATLB]JJUV]Qn4]Qn U^O'OQ>5]JA:=QDT
_\]?nYDj[#AOQ]lP2DA=QOZ.]?nYDS:#az&#:T(A[Y[Y=?>zA2L?n4n#AO*R.DD_[Y=Q>T[#>TOQDm AO(ASLA_#mU±e
mYA:]?D5=&ACD'>2=`e5>2=j=?DA2La]QUV2D4A:_#m =QDAK±eg]?U^CD"O?POQ]QD%CO"mD%2DKV>2[ CD_] ]jUVOj_Y>2]G>2NY=
[YNY=?[#>TOQDSnYD=?DS]Q>5NY=?]QnYD%="A2mT>YLA:]?D"]?nYUVO"A:[Y[ =Q>zATL?n 5=?>2C ]?nYDSNYOQD%= Oj[.>2UV_](>UVDjZ
DlR#D%]Q]QD%=(=?DB5D=J]?nYD=QDATmD=l]Q>]QnYDjO?[#DLBUMA:KUVOQO?NYD$×v 0A:_#m=?DB5D=?D_#LBDO]?nYD=QD%U^_7Y_4]QnYUVO
[#A:[.D=ZY>2N =*[YNY=?[#>TOQDjUVOJ]?>[Y=?DOQD_]UV_ AGgA:UV=QKVPS_YD% APS]?nYDj]Qn D>2=?P\O?NY[Y[.>2=?]QUV_Y@]?nYD
2§Ì§¡£¢¤ CDCSR.D=QO>]?nYDSgACUVKVP>O?Pz_.LQn =Q>2_ >2NYOKMA:_Y@TN#A:@TDO&%5]'> UV_YOQ]BA:_#LBD%O8A=QD
'() *,+,-.Vu/ 0A:_#m102543,5,67×Ex98%
hJnYD"[.A:[.D=jUVO>2=Q@A:_YUVO?Dm A:Ol5>TKVK^>:JOY_,kDLB]?UV>2_EYZ.>TNY=R#A:O?UXLG=QDW2N U^=?DCD%_z]?Ol5>2=
A,O?Pz_.LQn =Q>2_ >2NYO mYA]&Ae#>: KMA:_Y@TN#A:@TD A:=?D mD%=QUV2Dm 5=?>2C ]QnYDnYDNY=?UVOQ]QUML,A_#A:KVPOQUVOS>:
]>SO?UVC[YKVDD#A:C[YKVDO hJnYD_ kDLB]QUV>2_,vSR NYUVKXmÉO*>2_ ]QnYDj[ =QDUV>2NYO>T_YD"A:_.m4[Y=Q>T[#>TOQDO
A ]?UV_zP OQP_#L?nY=?>2_Y>TNYO\mYA]&A§e5#>: KMA:_Y@TN#A:@TD'D LA:KVK=< kDLB]QUV>2_ x,UVOS]Qn D LB>2=?D >:
]QnYUVO'[#A:[.D=#]JUVOJmDT>2]QDm4]Q>AG]QnY>T=Q>TNY@2n4]Qn D>2=?D]QUMLAK0A:_.A:KVPOQUVO> ]QnYDOQD%2D=BA:KUVO?OQNYDO
]Qn#A]A=QDj=BA:UVOQDmRP]QnYDjmYA]&Ae#>: A[Y[Y=?>zA2L?n4UV_@TD_YD=BA:KY_4[#A=Q]QUMLBN KXA=ZUV]JUVOA=Q@TNYDm
]Qn#A]OQ>2CD >2RUV>2NYO=?DWTNYUV=QDCD_]QO>2=?U^@TUV_#A:]?U^_ @'5=Q>TC =QDA:K±eg]?UVCDOQPOQ]?DCO:%M5>T=0UV_YO?]&A_#LBD
R#>TNY_#mDmSCD%C>2=?PjA:_#m=?DOQ[.>2_YO?Dj]QUVCD;87_YDLBDO?O&A=QP4KVDA2mOd]QnYDjmYA]&Ae#>: A:[Y[Y=?>zATLQn]Q>
5>2KVKV>: ]QnYDOQP_#L?nY=?>2_Y>TNYO[.>2UV_]>jzUVDj=<AOQDm >2_ ]?nYD A:_.A:KVPOQUVOS>:"]?nYUVOSOQDLa]QUV>2_Z
>2NY= #_#AKJ[Y=Q>T[#>TO&AKJ5>T=8A OQP_#L?nY=?>2_Y>TNYO\mYA]&A§e5#>: C>YmDK'UVO"[Y=?DOQD%_z]?Dm U^_ kDLB]?UV>2_
( A:_.mUVONYOQDm]?> @TUV2D]?nYDC4A:]?nYDC\A]QUMLAK0O?DC\A_]QUMLBO>:(>TNY=]QUV_P><0 KMA:_ @2N#A@2D2
f7U^_.A:KVKVPzZ U^_>2N = La>2_#LBKVNYO?UV>2_,'DSRY=QUVDB#P =QDKMA:]?D <,]Q>4]?nYD\ATLB]QN#AK :#B&#:T
2§Ì§¡£¢¤ B:8 S>O?DD?v u@QZJnYUMLQn U^O_Y>: OQn#A=QDm UV_ [.A:=Q]?UMLBNYKMA:=AO\A:_
UV_z]?D=Q_.A:Kd5>2=?C\A:]RP]QnYD4]'> A:R.>:2DCD_]QUV>T_YDmA'()"*,+,- A_#mB02543,5,6,KMA:_Y@TN#A:@TDOZ
A:_#mA2mYmÉU^]?UV>2_#AK#UV_5>T=QC4A:]QUV>T_">T_ L%A:_4R#Dl5>TNY_#mUV_7×vYu@Q
C D
FE HG &E I Y!J LK
?MON ZY &EEY
PRQTS U7VXWZY\[@]_^`@WYba7Wdcef]g^`TWBhRikjml,efnm[@]_eo[TnXW
hJnYDl5>2KVKV>:JUV_Y@DWTN#A:]?UV>2_c
=QDKMA]QDOS]?nYD ]'> UV_Y[YN ]SOQUV@2_#AKVO$%@ w 8A_#m?%>z w 8]Q>,]Qn D >2NY]?[YNY]SO?U^@T_#A:K %>v w 8Z_Y>T]QD
]QnYDS>T_YDBeO&AC[YKVD"mD%KXAP>2_OQUV@T_#A:Kz,7hJnYD5>TK^KV>:JUV_Y@S@T=&A:[ nYUMLA:KmÉDO&LB=?UV[Y]QUV>2_,>*]QnYUVO
5>2=?CSNYKMAYZA:KVO?> e_Y>:J_ A:OA^QOQUV@T_#A:K'#>: @2=&A[Yn;_.ZU^O]P[YUMLA:KVKVP,NYO?Dm U^_ LB>2_]?=Q>2Kl>2=
OQUV@2_.A:K.[Y=Q>YLBDO?OQUV_Y@4LB>2CCSNY_YUV]QUVDO%
mD_ >2]QD%O*]Qn D mÉDKMAP>2[.D=BA:]Q>T= 8Vc
z
~ v
%E 8
iJD[ =QDO?D_]&A:]?UV>2_YO&%&u8*A_#m1%gE 8ó[YNY]DC[Yn#Ag%%U^OJ>T_ mUD=QD_]jA:O?[#DLB]QOiJD[ =QDO?D_]&A:]?UV>2_
%&u8jUVOLB>T_#LBD=?_YDm JUV]Qn 2AK^N DO">(O?U^@T_#A:KVOZUgD2VZ ^QR.Dn#AUV>2NY=?O _.Z A:_#m =QDKMA:]?UV>2_YOS]?n#A:]
A:=?DjOQ[.DLBU#Dm>T_ R.Dn#AUV>2NY=?O(UMADWTN#A]QUV>2_YOiJD[Y=?DOQD%_z]BA:]?U^>T_YOj>ÿ]?nYUVOl5>2=?C LA_ R.D
DA:O?UVK^P,LB>TCSRYUV_YDmUV_]Q>,B̨%G(>(DWTN#A]QUV>2_YOUV_,]QnYDNYOQN.A:KJC\A]QnYD%C\A:]?UMLA:KOQD%]Q]QUV_Y@.Z
A:_#m]?nYUVO*UVO*]?nYDjJAPLa>2_]Q=?>2K>T=*O?U^@T_#A:K7[Y=Q>YLBD%OQOQUV_Y@4[.D>2[ K^DGn#A:_#mÉK^DLB>2C[YKVD\C>ÉmÉDKVO
>: OQPO?]QDCOJ>2=(AKV@2>2=?UV]QnYCO5>2=JR.>2]?n ]Qn DUV=(mDOBLB=QUV[Y]?UV>2_ A_#m A:_.A:KVPOQUVO;a4>YmN KXA=QUV]PUVO
5>2=ÿ5=QDDjA_#mS=BA:UVOQDOJ_ >"[#A=Q]?UXLaNYKMA:='[Y=Q>TRYKVDC OQUV_#LBDUV]n.A:[Y[.D_YOJ]?=QUVUXAKVK^PG]Qn#A]O?PzO?]QDCO
>:OQPOQ]?DCOd>:DWTN#A]QUV>2_YO'A:=QDbaNYOQ]'OQPOQ]?DCOd>:DWTN#A:]?U^>T_YOtl_S]QnYDl>2]?nYD='n#A:_#m Z:=QD[ =QDBe
OQD_]BA:]QUV>T_ %Bu;8lUVO(_ >2]jLB>2_.LBD=Q_ Dm JU^]?n >2[.D=BA:]QUV>T_#A:K UVO?OQNYDO9cDYDLaNY]QUV_Y@%Bu;8lUVO]Q=QUVUMA:K
UV_"]?nYUVO OQUVC[ K^DJLAOQD2ZRYN ] ]QnYUVO _ >jKV>2_Y@TD= nY>TKXmÉO5>2=dOQPOQ]?DCO >O?N#L?nDWTN#A]QUV>2_ O JnYD=?D
OQ>TCDOQUV@2_.A:KVO*C4AP>YLLBNY=GR#>T]Qn,A:OUV_Y[YNY] %5=QUV@Tnz]n#A_#mO?UXmÉD;8l>:O?>2CDGDWTN#A:]?U^>T_YOjA:_#m
>2NY]?[YNY] %5KVDB5]ln#A:_#mÉOQUMmD;8l>:'>2]Qn D=QOcdW2N.A:]QUV>T_%&u8JOQn.A:KVKR#DOQUVC[ K^PSJ=?UV]Q]QD%_ %D"L%A:KVK
UV] ^
_\8
C
C
!
A
UDT^ZT'D"A:RYO?]Q=BA2LB]l>:2D=J]?nYD"mNYCCSP"UV_#mÉDI^ q _"UV_4DWTN#A:]?UV>2_ %&u8Z#A:_.m'DjUV_]Q=?>ÉmÉN#LBD
]QnYDjmD%KXAPS>T[#D%=&A:]?>2=Xz w#" z w|} DjmD_ >2]QDGRzP>^
_ }
_LB>2_]Q=BA:O?]Z7=QD[Y=?DOQD%_z]BA:]?U^>T_{%E 8Z JU^]?n UV]?O"A:=?=Q>:JOZ #@TNY=QDOG]QnYD4mYA:]BAS.>:JO"A:_#m
]QnYD%U^= mUV=?DLB]QUV>T_ >"C>:UV_Y@#Z A_#m ]?nYUVOLaK^DA:=QKVP n.A:O A:_ >T[#D%=&A:]?UV>2_#AK*A2>2N =JkN#L?n
^QO?U^@T_#A:Kó#>: @2=BA:[Yn _=QD%[Y=QDO?D_]&A]QUV>2_YOA:=QD,A:KVO?>,]Pz[ UXL%A:KVKVP La>2CSRYUV_YDm UV_]Q> ^?RYKV>ÉL`eTe
mUMA:@T=&A:CO_JnYD=?DSOQ>2CDj>:']QnYDOQUV@2_.A:K7#>: @2=BA:[Yn O A=QDSA:RYO?]Q=BA2LB]?Dm,A:ORYKMA2L`eTeR#> YDO
JUV]QnUV_Y[ NY]A_#mS>TNY]Q[ NY] ^Q[.>2=?]QO _AO>T_YKVPSU^O?UVRYKVD*UV]QDCOZA:_#mA:=?=Q>:JOJKVUV_;e"O?>2CD*>2N ]e
[YNY]7]Q>*O?>2CD0UV_Y[ NY][.>2=?]QOZ]?nzN O.@2NY=?U^_ @*]Qn DmYA:]BA'#>:JO7R#D%]DD%_S]QnYDmÉUD=?D_] R#> YDO
hJnYUVORYKV>YL`eTeÌmUMA@2=&AC L%A:_"AK^O?>*R.DLa>2_YO?UXmÉD=QDmSAO0AlOQ[.DLBUL%A:]QUV>T_">#]QnYD'[.>2OQO?UVRYKVDJBY¨B¡
:
¥
Φ.5>T=DYDLBNY]?UV_Y@]QnYUVO0La>2C[ NY]&A]QUV>2_"<dNY] A:_G>2]Qn D=UV_]QD=?DOQ]?UV_Y@U^O?OQNYDJLB>T_#LBD=?_YUV_Y@
=QD[ =QDO?D_]&A:]?UV>2_ %gEb8 A:_#mUV]QO >T[#D=BA:]?U^>T_#A:K AT>2NY= UVO ]?n#A:]'2D%=QPmUV2D%=QOQDlDYDLBNY]?UV>2_4CDBe
L?n#A:_YUVO?CO*LA_ R.DA:O?OQ>YLBUMA:]?Dm JUV]?n UV]Z.=BA:_Y@TU^_ @S5=?>2C ]Qn D"=?U^@TUMm ^QO?Pz_.LQn =Q>2_ >2NYO`_\>T_YD
JnYD=?DOQ>TCD[YnPOQUMLA:KJLBKV>YL`e UVOjRY=?>zATmYLA:O?]QDm JnYUML?n,C\AgeTDOjmUMA:@T=&A:C %gEb8]Q> UVC[YKVDBe
CD_]=%&u8JUV]QnSUV]QOd=QUV@2UMm]QUVCU^_ @JOQ[.DLBULA]QUV>2_1%Tw4A:_#m&vxwSOQUVCSNYKV]&A_YD>TNYOQKVPjA2A:UVKMA:RYKVD
A:] ^?U^_ OQ]&A_] _ q 8ZY]?>S]QnYDG2D=?PAOQP_#L?nY=?>2_Y>TNYO*>T_YDJnYD=QD]Q>Be2D_4R#AOQDm mYA:]BA#>:CDBe
L?n#A:_YUVO?COjA:=?DSNYOQDm fl_#m,]?nYUVOjOQUVC[ K^DG=QDC4A:= e U^OGU^_.mDDm DKVK&e_Y>:J_U^_]Qn DOQUV@T_#A:K
$ $)(
[Y=Q>YLBD%OQOQUV_Y@4LB>2CCSNY_YUV]P2ZOQD%Dj5>T=UV_YO?]&A_#LBD$×E2E R×ETv Ì<dNY]lOQN#L?n AG=QDAOQ>T_YUV_Y@SUVOJR#D]?]QD=
DY[YKMA:UV_YDmRPNY_>2KMmUV_Y@"mUMA@2=&ACm%gEb8'UV_z]?>"]?nYDl5>2KVKV>:JUV_Y@jUV_#_ U^]?D(mUV=?DLB]QDm4@2=BA:[Ync
c,} $ 2
v cb} 2
z c,} $ 2
%v 8
J>:jZTU±]QnYUVO'U^_ #_YUV]QDl@2=&A[YnUVO'U^D%Dm4AOO?[#DLaU£PzUV_Y@SA ÉB ¥ :& T¨d>2_U^]?OTD=Q]?UMLBDOZ
]QnYD%_]Qn D mÉU^OBLBNYO?OQUV>2_ A:R.>:2DlR#DLB>2CDO*LBKVDA:= c]QnYDjLB>TCC>T_5DA]QNY=?D>:0]?nYDjA:R.>:2Dl]>
mUD%=QD_] DYDLaNY]QUV>2_OQ]PKVDO%OQ]Q=?>2_Y@TKVP"O?Pz_.LQn =Q>2_ >2NYOZzA_#m"AOQP_#L?nY=?>2_Y>TNYO8dUVO0]?n#A:]d]QnYDP
R#>T]QnC\A]&L?n ]Qn U^O[#A=Q]?UXAK >2=BmD=ZUDT^Z.]?nYDPU^C[YKVDCD%_z]'OQ>TCDDY]QD_ OQUV>2_?%=QDUV_5>T=&LBDae
CD_]#8>:U^] f >2=']Qn D(C>2CD_]Z:mUMA:@T=&A:CO=%gE 8d>2= %v 8dJUVK^K.R.D(O?UVC[YKVP"mD%_Y>2]?DmRzPS]?nYD
5>2KVKV>:JUV_Y@]>1^
_
A
C
]Q>SCDA:_4]Qn.A:]Z 5>T=*DTD=QP q Z w w A:_#m w|} w U^_mUMA:@2=BA:C %gvb8ó>2]?D"]?n#A:]
R#>T]Qn,]?nYUVOj[Y=Q>T@2=BA:C A_#m]Qn D\mUMA:@T=&AC %gE 8GA:RYO?]Q=&ATLB]>:2D=j]?nYD]?UVCDU^_.mD q J>T]QD
A:KVOQ>S]?n#A:]*mÉD[#D%_#mD_#LaU^D%O">ÿ]?nYD5>T=QCw|} w4_YDDm _Y>2]l]Q>SR.DjDY[YKVUMLBUV]QDm Z#O?UV_#LBD
]QnYD%P(bBNYO?]JDY[Y=QD%OQO]QnYDl#>:>:]QUVCDT
t*N =j_YDY]UXmÉDAU^OG]Q> LB>T_YOQUMmD%="]?n#A:]j]?nYD>^
0
_4A:_#m ^
-
- _
DSn.A2DUV_]Q=?>YmN#LBDm A:=?D]'> UV_YOQ]BA:_#LBD%OS>:(A4O?U^_ @2KVDC>2=QD@2D%_YD=&AKJ>2R2bBDLB]SDL%A:KVK
¨Y5"UV_]QnYDjO?DWTNYDK óD_#LBDGDjO?n#A:KVK]BAge2D]?nYDK^UVR.D=Q]P]Q>SJ=?U^]?D
C
-4
C A
! A
!
C"
JnYD=?D^ !_OQD[#A=&A]QDOOQN.LLBDO?OQUV2DDWTN#A:]?UV>2_YOZ#A:_.mSDY[Y=?DOQO?DOj]Qn.A:]J]Qn DjJnY>2KVDOQPO?]QDC
>: DWTN#A]QUV>2_YO %&u8*A:_.m %gEb8 %5>T=Z.DWTNYUV2A:KVD_]?K^PZx%gvb8T8óU^OlU^D%Dm A:O(AOQUV_Y@TK^DG>2R2bBDLa],< P
mD#_ U^]?UV>2_Z ]QnYUVO*O?POQ]QD%C >: DWTN#A]QUV>2_ O(UVOAOQ[.DLBULA]QUV>2_>:AKVKOQUV@T_#A:KVO7A$# C%#
OBAe
]QUVOPzUV_Y@bB>2UV_]QKVP]QnYDO?D]?nY=QDDSDW2N.A:]QUV>T_YO%gAOjLBNYOQ]?>2C4A:=QP U^_ C\A:]?nYDC4A:]QUMLBOZ#AOQPO?]QDC
>:*DWTN#A]QUV>2_ O"LA:_ n#A2D_Y>OQ>2KVNY]?UV>2_ZANY_YUMWTNYDO?>2KVNY]QUV>T_Z>T=jC\A_P OQ>TK^N ]QUV>2_YO#8< P
m>2UV_Y@O?>#Z:'D(LA_SD_#LB>YmDlR#>T]QnS]?nYD*R.Dn#AUV>2NY=?OA:_.m]QnYDlO&L?nYDmN K^UV_Y@TO ]Q>GDYDLBNY]?D(]?nYD
LB>2C[YNY]BA:]QUV>T_YO
fJ]"]?nYUVOj[#>TUV_z]ZJn.A:]Dn#A2DSUV_]Q=?>ÉmÉN#LBDm UVO"C>2=?D"]?n#A:_ gA:CU^KVUMA=*]?> D%_Y@2UV_YDDae
=QUV_Y@S[.D>2[ K^DTZ#A:[.A:=Q]ó5=Q>TC R K^D%_#mUV_Y@SDWTN#A]QUV>2_YOA:_#mRYKV>YL`eTeÌmUMA@2=&ACO'JUV]QnYUV_ AOQUV_Y@TK^D
5=&ACD'>2=`e:_#mDDmZ.C\A:_PUV_#mNYO?]Q=QUMAK]Q>>2KVO*A:=?DjA2A:UVKMA:RYKVD*A:_.mN OQDmZ ]Qn#A]JOQUVCSNYKMA:]?D
OQPOQ]?DCOmDO&La=QUVR#Dm RPmUMA:@2=BA:CO*>:]QnYD5>2=?C %gE 8%Z0A_#m,O?>2CD]QUVCD%O(D%2D_ [Y=Q>YmN#LaD
DYDLBNY]BA:RYKVDSLB>YmDS>2N ]*>:J]Qn DC .<=Q>TRYKVDCOl>ÉL%LBNY=Z nY>:D%2D=Z.5>2=lKMA:=Q@TD=jA:[Y[ K^UMLA]QUV>2_ O
OQN#L?n,A:O]Qn DA:R.>:2DSmUVO&LBNYO?OQDm,AUV=&LB=BA5]jLB>T_z]?=Q>TK OQPOQ]?DC c.5>T=(LB>TC[YKVD A:[ [YKVUXL%A:]QUV>T_YOZ
¨"Mɦ :# GQ"(Φ ¥¨óMS¨Î# 2¨'&)(q+* V(¨ §¨%&¨ ¥M&VQ5: :5>2=UV]C\A e2DO]Qn DJDBMe
D4O?n#A:KVK(mÉD2>T]QD ]?nYD OQDLB>2_#m [#A:=?]>:]QnYUVOnYDNY=?U^O?]QUML mUVOBLBNYOQO?UV>2_ ]?>,OQDDnY>: OQN#L?n
DY]Q=?DCDKVPOQUVC[YKVDUMmDAO(LA_ R#DDY]QD%_#mDm ]Q>n#A:_#mÉK^DA:=QR U^]?=&A=QUVKVP\LB>TC[YKVDO?PzO?]QDCO
UV_zT>2KVUV_Y@OQDTD=&AKÿmÉUD=?D_]J]QUVCDlU^_.mDYDO*'DOQn#AKVKLA:KVK
¥
UV_]?nYDjO?DWTNYDK
PRQP W4nWef`@[,[@noZij W je4a[TinXe` e^^ielV
¯} f =Q>TC _ >: >2_7Z'DSOQn#AKVKn#A_#mKVDSOQD%2D=BA:KJ]QUVCD"UV_#mD ÉD%O"O?U^CSN K^]BA:_YD%>2NYO?K^P
hJUVCD*UV_#mÉDYDO*JUVKVKR#DLA:KVKVDm, ¥a© TB4"V¦:# ¥ BÉ ¥M¥ YB¨a& V":¤ , ¥UgD2VZ
LBKV>YLeOJA:=?D*KV>YLA:KY=BA:]?nYD=J]Qn.A:_S@2KV>TR#A:KY>TR2bBDLB]?O*A:O'UV_S]QnYDl[Y=QDLaDmUV_Y@SOQN RYOQDLa]QUV>2_ n#A:]
UVOOQ[.DLBUL']?>*]?nYDO?P_#L?nY=Q>T_Y>2NYO A[Y[Y=Q>A2L?njUVO]Qn#A]0mUD=QD%_z] LBKV>YL`eOÿL%A:_R#D'=QDKMA]QDmA:_#m
OQn#A=QD'OQ>TCD >#]QnYD%U^=7UV_YOQ]BA:_]QO
hJnYDd5>2KVKV>:JUV_Y@'>2[.D=&A]QUV>2_YO>T_"LBKV>YLeO A:=?DUV_]Q=?>YmN#LBDmc
O?Pz_]BA
C\A]QnYD%C\A:]?UMLA:K
5>T=QCSNYKMA
CDA:_YUV_Y@
y "! NY_YUV>2_>:U^_ OQ]&A_]QO
#
y $"! UV_]QD=?OQDLa]QUV>2_ >0UV_YO?]&A:_]?O
%#
-
y%'&(!
U^_ OQ]&A_]QOJ>:) ]Qn#A]
A:=?D(_ >2]JUV_YOQ]BA:_]QOJ>*!
hJnYDO?D*>2[.D=BA:]QUV>T_YOA:=?DJUVK^KVNYO?]Q=BA:]QDmj>T_S]QnYD'5>TKVK^>:JUV_Y@*L?nY=?>2_Y>T@2=BA:C ZJnYD%=QD*]?nYDJOQPCSR.>2K
+ A_#m", mD_ >2]QD[Y=?DOQD%_#LBDA:_.m\ARYOQD%_#LBDj=?DOQ[.DLB]?U^TDKVP.-O?PzCSR.>2KVO'KVPzUV_Y@G>2_4]QnYDOBA:CD
LB>2KVNYC_SR#D%K^>T_Y@]Q>S]Qn DjO&ACD*D%2D_] %5UD2VZYA:=?DOQUVCSNYKV]&A_YD>2N O 8c
c/+ , , + + + , 2
! c/, + + + , + + 2
'0! c/+ + + + + + + 2
'$0! c/, , , + , + , 2
y1'&2! c/+ , , , + , , 2
QJO?U^_ @"]?nYDOQD>2[.D=BA:]Q>T=QOZY=QD%KXA]QUV>2_ OJ>2_\LaK^>YL`eO(LA_4R#DOQ]BA:]?Dmbf >2=JUV_YO?]&A_#LBD
3
DY[Y=QD%OQOQD%O(]?n#A:]JD%2D=?P\UV_YO?]&A_z]'>:
UVO*A:_UV_YO?]&A_z]J>
hJnYD_Z
4 5
C
OQn#AKVKÿmÉD_Y>2]?DS]QnYDLaK^>YL`e>:]?nYDSOQUV@2_.A:K Cwdf7UV_#AK^KVPZY_YD%wLBKV>YL`ezOA:=QDLa=QDA]QDm NYOQUV_Y@
]QnYD>T[#D=BA:]?>2=
6
JnYD=?D
6
UVO(AR#>>TK^DA:_ O?U^@T_#A:KZ RzP e2DD%[YUV_Y@4]QnY>TOQDU^_ OQ]&A_]QO*>
4 5 6
JnYD=?D
6
UVO']Q=?NYD2Z.]QnYUVOJUVO'U^KVKVNYO?]Q=&A]QDm>T_\]?nYDl5>2KVKV>:JUV_Y@"mUMA@2=&ACKc
7 c
¥
¨8, , Y¨ Y¨
¥
¨9, 2 2
4 5
%:7 8c + , , + + + , 2 2
0
%:7 8c , , , + + , , 2 2
ÛB¿.À:Á£ÂÁ£ÂÁ×ËÖQÄBË:ÐMÅÇÂÐÐÄÐMÀ2ÊdÙ*ÄBÅÊÍ2ÂMÍ2ÇaÕYÙ*ÄÑ:ÊÌÕYÄBØÖQÄBË2ÖÌÍ:Å5ÅÊË2ÖÞJÔ%Á£ÇJÁ×Ë:ÐÊÅÕ£ÊQÇBÔÁ×Ë2Ó;=<MÒ2Ã.À2ÊÌÅgÊ
hJnNYOJ]QnYDl5>TKVK^>:JUV_Y@[Y=?>2[.D=Q]?UVDOnY>2KMm c
6
)
6
4 5 6
6
#
- 6
4 5
JnYD=?D^
5
_8mD%_Y>2]?DO]QnYDjLBKV>YL`eJUV]Qn4_Y>UV_YOQ]BA:_]
Y~25¯ } H'K^>YL`eOJOQn#AKVKR.DjNYOQDm ]?>SOQ[.DLBU±5P¤Y¨DWTN#A]QUV>2_ O*OQN.LQnA:O %Bu;8ónY>2KMm
fY>T=UV_YO?]&A_#LBD2Z
46
JnYD=?D
UVOAJLBKV>ÉL`eZO?]&A]QDO7]Qn#A]ZA]D2D%=QPUV_YOQ]BA:_]>:
ZDW2N.A:]QUV>T_
6
O?nY>2N KXm
R#DOBA:]QUVO#Dm hJnYUVOJU^OJUVKVKVNYOQ]?=&A]QDm>2_4]QnYDl5>TKVK^>:JUV_Y@LQn =Q>2_ >2@2=BA:C c
c , , , + , , + , 2
c =y ~ =y ~ 2
c } , , , 2
7 c , } , 2
J>T]QD']Qn#A] DJm>_Y>T]0UV_#LaK^N.mD, UV_"]?nYD*m>TC\A:UV_>:.]QnYD*ATmYmUV]QUV>2_ ^ ~ _#Z:UD2VZ%5>2= A_zP 7Z
^ X~ ,"_jUVO_ >2]JmD#_YDm#H'>T_YOQDWTNYD%_z]?KVPS]QnYUVO'OQ]&A]QDCD_]=?DWTNYUV=QDOl]Qn#A]
§5 #
6 ¨ .&¨a%¨%j¤Y¨
B%B© flKVOQ>
UVO_Y>T]"LB>2C[YKVD]QD%K^PmD#_YDm,UMA4]QnYUVO
DWTN#A:]?UV>2_N _YKVDOQOUV]UVOó5NY=Q]?nYD=?C>2=?DOQ]&A]QDm]Qn#A]
4 5
YhJnYUVOJUVO*UVKVKVNYOQ]?=&Ae
]QDm Z>2_]QnYDS>T_YDSn#A_#mZRP ]?nYD>^2_4OQN RYO&LB=?UV[Y]"UV_#mÉUXL%A:]QUV_Y@]Qn#A]j>2]?nYD=
OBA:C[ K^D%O
C\APn#ATD*>YLLBNY=?=QDm Z#A:_.mS>2_S]?nYD>2]?nYD='n#A:_#m Z2RPS]Qn DJgATLB]]?n#A:]d_Y> ^,"_jO?PzCSR.>2Kn#AO
R#D%D_ C\ATmDJDY[YKVUMLBUV]JUV_]Qn U^O*L?nY=?>2_Y>T@2=BA:C
«\°7«5¬ ^
_#TkUV_#LBD(LaK^>YL`eOA=QDlK^>YLAK#]?>jOQUV@T_#A:KVOZTOQ>A:=QD ^
_j>2[.D=BA:]Q>T=QO9c
C mDKMAPO C RP >2_ D"]?U^CDjNY_YUV]ZAOCDAOQNY=?Dm RP ]?nYDSLBKV>ÉL`e >.C UV]QOQD%K£
%5'DOQD] y
%>zF8
-4 x;8Vc
v c , } , , 2
z c } , , , 2
c , } , , 2
hJnYD A:R.>:2D mUMA:@T=&AC OQnY>:JO C A:_.m
C ]Q>2@TD]Qn D=JU^]?n(A_Y>2]?nYD=O?UV@2_#AK
[#>TOe
OQDO?OQUV_Y@SAjmUD=QD_]JLBKV>YLeThJnYUVO D#A:C[YKVDUVKVKVNYOQ]?=&A]QDO ]?n#A:]ó&T5Q¨%"M¦ M:: 5:#B¨ %5OQD%D
×EYu@ÿA_#m ×EJ( QZ[Y[E /TpYE /Yu8UVO(ANY]Q>TC\A:]?UMLA:KVKVPj@2N.A:=&A_]QDDm Z#UD2VZYmDKMAPUV_Y@RC m>DO
_Y>2]JmD[.D_#m>T_]Qn D(D%_zUV=Q>T_YCD%_z]d>: CwkDDjAK^O?> S( 5>T=AGC>T=QDJDY]?D_YOQUVTD mÉU^OBLBNYOÌe
OQUV>2_>:]QnYUVO
3« -d« °7« g«É}' ° } «Y° M d8 H'K^>YL`eOO?n#A:KVKA:KVOQ>GR#DlNYOQDm]?>"O?[#DLaU£P ¤É¨%"A
mD[.D_#mD%_#LBP nY>TKMmO;f >2='UV_YOQ]BA:_#LBDTZ
A
OQ[.DLBU#DO]?n#A:]
LA:_Y_ >2]*R.Dj[Y=?>YmN#LBDmR.DB5>T=QD?A A]*DATL?n UV_YOQ]BA:_]*>dLaK^>YL`e
QJ_YKVU&e2Dd5>T=0]?nYD*LAOQD*>DW2N.A:]QUV>T_
6
ZY¤¨* T# B¨ % M&¨5Y A #
¨.&¨a%¨%¤ÿɨ% ¥ V=#&¨a¨Ég©
PRQ {[TY l,jY Y [TnXo enmW,ce]_^X`TW
hJnYDl5>2KVKV>:JUV_Y@[Y=Q>T@2=BA:C Z
!" #
$%"&' )(+*,(-!"/.01!23 45 ** !" #
$%6#7!8 #9
mDOBLB=QUVR.DO]QnYD"La>2CSRYUV_#A]QUV>2_S>0DWTN#A]QUV>2_ %&u8JJUV]Qn A=?DOQD]?]QUV_Y@>:
RP;: JnYD_
: >ÉL%LBNY=QOZY]?nzN O'D(LAKVKYUV]=< >,?@>A J>2]?D*]?n#A:] ]?nYD>YLLBNY=?=QD_#LaDj>:B:yUVO [ =QDDC[e
]QUV2DThJnYD5>TKVK^>:JUV_Y@4mUMA:@T=&A:C O?nY>:JOA R.Dn#AUV>2N =">(]Qn U^O[Y=?>2@2=BA:C %5'D4OQD] my
%zF8
4
8Vc
C c , , D } , D , 2 2
v c b} y ~ ,} y d}f~ y2Db} y ~ yED y R~ $ 2 2
c d} , 2 2
z c d} , 2 2
c x d} , 2 2
J>T]QD]?n#A:]]Qn D\LBKV>YL`ezO>: C A:_#m1: A:=?D_Y>T]"=?DKMA:]QDmZUDT^Z7A:_P UV_]QD%=QKVDAUV_Y@ >:
]QnYD%OQD4OQUV@2_.A:KVO"C4AP >YLLBNY=P)lD[#D%_#mD_#LaU^D%OA=QD_#A:]?NY=&AK^KVP,A:O?OQ>YLBUMA:]?Dm JU^]?n]?nYD4KXAOQ]
]>DWTN#A]QUV>2_YOJ>0]?nYUVOJ[Y=Q>T@2=&AC ZT_#A:CDKVP
F&' GGH)7!E3 F45 ** !I #
J GGH)7!E3 F45 ** !I #
$# GGH)7!8 #9
A:_#ml]?nYD =QD%OQNYKV]QUV_Y@JR.Dn#AUV>2N =A:_#mlO&L?nYDmNYKVUV_Y@*UVOUVKVK^N OQ]Q=BA:]?DmlU^_]?nYD5>TK^KV>:JUV_Y@mÉUXA@2=BA:C
%5'DOQD] y
%>zF8
-4 8Vc
C c , , Db} , D , 2 2
2 2
v c b} y ~ ,} y d}f~ y2Db} y ~ yED y R~ $ 2 2
K K K K
2 2
c d} , 2 2
z c d} , 2 2
c x d} , 2 2
2 2
v c } y ~ } y } ~ y2D } y ~ yED y ~ 2 2
hJnYDnY>2=?U%%>2_]&AKÿA=Q=?>:JOZJnYUML?n #@2NY=?D8L%A:NYOBA:KVUV]P mNYD]Q>4]Qn D#>: >:J]QUVCDl5>T=DA2L?n
OQUV@2_.A:KUV_ mUMA:@2=BA:C %gvb8Z#A=QDj_ >2]*CD_]QUV>2_ DmnYD=QD -YO?N#L?n mD[.D_#mD%_#LBUVDOSA:=QDGU^C[YKVUMLBUV]
J>T]QD]?n#A:]]Qn D=QD4UVOj_Y>>2RYKVUMWTNYDA:=?=Q>: =QD%KXA]QUV_Y@C ]Q>
C Z0LB>TC[#A=QDSJUV]Qn
mUMA:@T=&A:C %v 8Z]?nYUVOJ[#>TUV_z]JJUVKVK.R#DNY=Q]?nYD=*mUVO&LaNYOQO?Dm KMA]QD=J>T_
JDY]Z.LB>2CSR U^_ DJ]QnYD"AR#>:TD*[Y=?>2@T=&A:C JUV]Qn]QnYD>2KVKV>:JU^_ @(DW2N.A:]QUV>T_YOdc
ML, 8
$%6 !
LEM&' )(+*,(-!"@
@ !
#%!' ML,)
hJnYUVOC\AgeTDO
]Q> R.D]QnYDS>TNY]Q[YN ]j>:A4mDLB=QDAOQUV_Y@,LB>2N _z]?D=jJUV]Qn=QD%OQD] : <dNY]
]QnYD=QD%OQD]jO?UV@2_#AK : UV]QOQD%K£JUVO*O?Pz_.LQn =Q>2_ U^O?Dm>2_OQ>TCD"La>2_#mUV]?U^>T_ UV_2>2KVUV_Y@RC %5>T=
DWTNYUV2A:KVD_]QKVP8,D*LA_S=QDJ=?U^]?D*]?nYD*=?DOQNYKV]?U^_ @j[Y=Q>T@2=BA:C DWTNYUV2A:KVD_]QKVP"AO5>TK^KV>:JOZ
LA:KVKUV].@BA;Chc
ML,
#%!' ML,
$%EM&' )(+*,(-!"@0G O !E3 F45 ** !I #
$%6#7!8 #
LEM&' )(+*,(-!"@
@ ! )
JnYD=?D
CDA_YO^?K^D%OQOS]Qn.A:_>T=SDWTN#A:KJ]?>J_.f OBA:C[ K^DSKVD@A:KJR.Dn#AUV>2NY=>:]QnYUVO
[Y=Q>T@2=BA:C UVO*mD[ UXLa]QDm4_ DY]dc
: cIv , , , p E , , 2 2
C cIv E u p p E u p 2 2
%MC8 cIp v E u p p E u 2 2
%C8 c 2 2
5
%:8 c/+ , , , + + , , 2 2
hJnYUVO[ =Q>2@T=&ACw[.D=Ì5>2=?COO^QNY[YOBA:C[YKVU^_ @J_jA:]JAj2A=QUMA:R K^DJ=BA:]?D2Yc A2L?n4]QUVCD :SU^O'=QDA2m1%gA
_Y>2_ _YD@zA]QUV2DlUV_z]?D@2D%= 8Z :\ATmYmUV]QUV>2_.A:KZ^Q]QUML`eO _A=QD"mD%K^UVTD=QDmR.DB5>T=QDj]?nYD_YDY]*[Y=?DOQD%_z]
>YLLBNY=?=QD_#LaD,>:$:UVO=?DA2m hJn U^O @BA;C [Y=?>2@2=BA:C UVOS]QnYDR#A:O?UMLR NYUVKXmÉU^_ @,RYKV>ÉL`e 5>2=
2A:=?UXARYKVDJ=&A]QD]Q=BA:_YO?CSNYKV]QUV[YKVDYUV_Y@PcYA:O?OQNYCU^_ @$:\mYA]&AA:=?D(=?DLBDUVTDm4A:]J>2_.LBD&%5UD2VZ2UMAYZ
O&APZYO?[#A:]?UXAKCSNYKV]QUV[YKVDYUV_Y@\8%Z2]?nYDR@BA;C [ =Q>2@T=&AC [Y=Q>:UMmDO]Qn D8ATmDWTN#A:]?D"]?DC[.>2=BA:K
CSNYKV]QUV[YKVDYUV_Y@*]?>S=QDA=Q=BA:_Y@TDj]QnYDjmYA]&AO?N#L?n ]Qn#A]*AjO?UV_Y@2KVD>2_YDUVOJDCU^]?]QDmA:]'>2_#LaD2
J>: mÉD[#D%_#mD_#LaU^D%O*OQn >2NYKMmR.DJU^_]?=Q>YmN#LBDmSUVO _Y>: KVDOQOd>2RU^>TNYOZDJO?n#A:KVK#mUVOBLBNYOQO
]QnYUVOKMA:]?D=.]UVO(n >:DTD="LBKVDA=]Qn#A](]?nYDS]'>[Y=?>2@2=BA:CO <> ?@>A A:_#m @BA;C TD=QP
CSN#L?nmUD%=*UV_]?nYDUV=*LB>2_]?=Q>2K7OQ]?=QN#LB]?NY=QDTZ#_.A:CD%K^P c
_Y[YN ]QO*> <>,?>A [Y=Q>T@2=&AC A=QD
u2']QnYDjLBKV>YL`eOJ>:C A_#m : ZYA:_#m
EY']QnYD2AK^N DOJ>:C%#FA$# :
kN#L?n4AjLB>2_]?=Q>2K.OQ]?=QN#La]QNY=?D(C4AgeTDO]QnYUVO'[Y=Q>T@2=&AC 5N K^KVP YB":¨#YUD2VZ:]?nYD(LB>T_]Q=Q>TK
UVOm=?U^TD_RzPUV_Y[YNY]?OA:_.mj]?nYDJ[Y=Q>T@2=BA:CwATLLBD[ ]QO*A:KVKUV_Y[YNY]?OA:_.mj=?DA2LB]?O]?>j]Qn DC
_Y[YN ]QO*>@BA;CI[ =Q>2@T=&AC A:=?D
u2']QnYD4LBKV>YL e>: CZ%_Y>2]?D]?n#A:]]QnYD2A:KVNYDOG>: C A=QDS]Qn D\>TNY]Q[ NY]j>:*]?nYD
[Y=Q>T@2=BA:C 8%ZzA_#m
EY']QnYD2AK^N DOJ>: :
kN#L?nSA*LB>T_]Q=Q>TKYOQ]?=QN#La]QNY=?DJC\AgeTDO]?nYUVO[Y=?>2@T=&A:C TB:¨#TUgD2VZ%=QNY_Y_ U^_ @ ATLLB>T=&mUV_Y@
tlRzUV>2N OQKVPzZ[ =Q>2@T=&ACOJ>: CUYDm[#A:O?OQUV2D2A2La]QUV2DjC>YmDjLA:_R#DGDA:O?U^KVP4J=QUV]?]QD_.hJnYUVO
A:KVOQ> UVKVKVNYOQ]?=&A:]?DO nY>: LB>TCSRYUV_YUV_Y@ A [Y=Q>T@2=&ACyJUV]Qn A_Y>2]?nYD=>2_YDL%A:_ m=BA:OQ]?UMLA:KVKVP
L?n#A:_Y@TD UV]QO4LB>2_]Q=?>2KjA:_.m O&L?nYDmÉNYKVU^_ @#Z ]?nYUVO4C\AgeTDOOQD[#A=&A]QDLB>TC[YUVKMA:]?U^>T_A:_#m mUVOe
]Q=?U^R NY]QDmSLa>ÉmÉD*@2D%_YD=&A]QUV>2_A OQNYRY]?KVD*]&AO eZTOQDD&Ex#>2= AjmUVO&LaNYOQO?U^>T_>=?DKMA:]QDmSUVOQO?NYDO
-X5,+ ¯ ®I~¯ .}}%¯gY~« °7« - « °« g«Y}4®O5~ ~ « °7«z¬ ^
_
f*O mD[ UXLa]QDmUV_ mUMA@2=&AC %v 8%Z]?nYDA2mÉDWTN#A:]?D mD%[#D_.mD_#LBUVDO,A:O?OQ>YLBUMA:]?DmJUV]Qn ]?nYD
>2[.D=&A]Q>2=A:=?D(]?nYD5>TKVK^>:JUV_Y@&%DOQD%]v y
%zF8
4 8Gc
z c ,} 2
v cb}y y ,} y y Xy $ 2
%x\8
UDT^Z]?nYDP UV_2>TKV2D ^Q>TRYKVUXWTNYDU_A:=Q=?>:JO,<dNY] ^Q>2R K^UMWTNYD_A=Q=?>:JO mÉ>_Y>T]*R.DKV>2_Y@]Q>]?nYD
LBKMA:O?O\>8DW2N.A:]QUV>T_YO4D,n#ATD UV_]Q=?>YmN#LBDmO?> gA=Z'OQUV_#LBD DY[Y=QD%OQOQUV>T_YO >"]Qn D5>2=?C
C
O?[#DLaU£P">T_YKVP^QTD=Q]?UXL%A:K&_jA:=Q=?>:JOZ:UD2VZ:mD[.D_#mD%_#LBUVDOJ]Qn.A:]A=QD'K^>YLAK
]Q>"A @2UV2D_SUV_YO?]&A_z]2hJn D*UMmDA]?>j>:2D%=&LB>TCDJ]Qn U^OdU^Od2D=?PSOQUVC[YKVD9c:=QD%[YKMA2LBD RzP Z
UDT^Z.'DS=QD[ KXATLBD\mÉUXA@2=BA:C %5x 8jA:R.>:2DRP ]?nYD5>TK^KV>:JUV_Y@>2_YD2Z JnYD=QD4LB>2KVNYC_YOjA:@A:UV_
LB>2KVKVDLB]>YLLBN =Q=QD%_#LBDOJR.DKV>2_Y@TUV_Y@*]?>(]?nYD'O&A:CDUV_YO?]&A_z]k%5'DJOQD]kv y
%>z 8
-4
8Vc
z c d} 2
c x!,} ,}! ! b 2
v cb}y y ,} y y Xy $ 2
JnYD=?Dj]QnYDG_YD _Y>T]QUV>2_>:AB̧̨ n#AO*R.DD_ UV_]Q=?>ÉmÉN#LBDmkYA]QDOA:=?D"L?n#A:=BA2LB]?D=QUVOQDm
RPj]QnYDó5>2KVKV>:JUV_Y@J[Y=?>2[.D=Q]Pu%OQDDkDLB]?U^>T_'(ó5>T=Al5>T=QC\AKzmD #_YUV]QUV>2_x8:fJ] DA2L?nUV_YO?]&A:_]
q Z'OQ]&A]QD n#AO]'> >ÉL%LBNY=Q=?D_#LBD%OZ_#ACDKVP w} y w|4} A:_.m w y w hJnNYOZ
UV_ LB>T_]Q=&AOQ]]Q> O?UV@2_#AK^OZOQ]BA:]?DO8L%A:_n.A2DSOQD%2D=BA:K']Q>2]BA:KVKVP >2=BmD=?Dm,>YLLBN =Q=QD%_#LBDO4[.D=
UV_YOQ]BA:_]flK^O?>#ZUV]'U^O*A[ =Q>2[.D=?]P\>0O?]&A:]?DO*]?n#A:]
wfy w|4}
CSNYOQ]7nY>2KMm!<dP8mÉ>2UV_Y@*O?>#Z:>T_YKVPj2D%=Q]QUMLAK#A:=?=Q>:JO =?DC\AUV_ZA_#m]QnYDJOBA:CDmD[.D_#mD%_#LBUVDO
LA:_4R.DNYOQDm]Q>SOQ[.DLBU±5P]QnYD%C AOJR#DB>2=QDT
2>)x())"2,3 fJ]j]?nYUVO"[.>2UV_]j'Dn#ATDS[Y=Q>:UMmDmO?>2CDS[ =&A2La]QUMLA:K'C>T]QUV2A:]?UV>2_YOó5>2=
>2NY=*m A:]&A§#>:OQP_#L?nY=Q>T_Y>2N O A[Y[Y=?>zA2L?n4]Q>4LB>2_.LBNY=Q=?D_#LBP.]QOC\AUV_5DA:]?NY=QD%O A=QDjO?NYCSe
C\A=QU&%Dm_Y>:>c
,DzUVD O?P_#L?nY=Q>T_Y>2NYOGOQPOQ]?DCOA:O ^QO?PzO?]QDCO>:mP_#ACUMLAKDWTN#A:]?U^>T_YO_.Z.UgD2VZ
LB>T_YOQ]?=&A:UV_]QO>2_ ]QnYD R.Dn#AUV>2N =QO>:jOQUV@2_.A:Kd#>:JOP)lUD%=QD_]]?UVCDSUV_#mDYDO>2=
A:=?DKV>YLAK2]Q>lOQUV@2_.A:KVO%]UVO[#A=Q]7>:#]?nYDLa>2_YO?]Q=&AUV_z]?O>T_jR#D%n#AU^>TNY=QO7]Qn#A] mUD=?D_]
LBKV>YL`ezOSR.D =?DKMA:]QDmZA_#m,]?nYUVOSU^OS]?nYD4[#A:=?]QUMLBNYKMA=5DA:]?NY=QD4>(]Qn D OQP_#L?nY=?>2_Y>TNYO
A:[ [Y=Q>A2L?n7hJnYUVO"A:[Y[ =Q>zATL?n,n#A:OjO?D2D%=&A:K*ATm2A:_]BA:@2D%OZAC>2_ @]Qn DC ]QnYDC\A:UV_
>2_ DSU^OjA LaK^DA:_,A:[Y[Y=?>zATLQn,]?> LB>2_#LaNY=Q=?D_#LBP A:_#m C>YmNYKMA=QUV]PF%>2NY=j]?nYD>T=QPJU^KVK
_Y>T]0_ DDmSA ._YD]BA Y>2_ >2CSP*>mUD=QD_]PeUV_#mO7>:#DW2N U^2AKVD_#LBD'_Y>2= AlmDD[SO?]QN#mP
>: RYUVO?U^CSN KXA]QUV>:_SLB>2_#LaD[Y]QO#8
tl[#D%=&A:]?UV>2_#AK OQDC4A:_]QUMLBO'>2NYKMm4R.DS[Y=?>:zUMmDmR#A:O?Dm >T_ [.A:=Q]?UMA:K >T=&mD=?Oj>2=jmDae
[.D_#mD_.LBUVDO)*D%[#D_.mD_#LBUVDOJO?[#DLBU±5P"KVD@A:KYOBL?nYDmNYKVUV_Y@TO:_m>TUV_Y@OQ>#ZD*m>G_Y>2]
[Y=?DLBKVN#mD5=Q>TC NYO?U^_ @\O?N#L?nA:_#m OQN.LQn,[.A:=Q]?UMLBNYKMA:=jUVC[YKVDCSD_]&A]QUV>2_4LB>2_YO?UVOQ]QD%_z]
JUV]Qn4]Qn D(O?[#DLBU#Dm [#A:=?]QUMA:K>T=&mD=
,DA_z]G]Q>4n#A:_.mKVDSR#Dn.AzUV>TNY=&AKÿA_#m>2[.D=BA:]QUV>T_#A:KOQD%C\A:_]?UXLaO(O?D[#A=&A:]?DKVP,>2=
]Q>CU"]?nYDCZzAO>TNY=La>2_2D_ U^D%_#LBD2.c WTNYUV2A:KVD_]QKVPZ5=Q>TC ]QnYDD_Y@TUV_YDD=J[.>2UV_] >:
UVDjZ2'D*JA:_] ]?>jCU"DW2N.A:]QUV>T_YOA:_.mSOQUV@T_#A:K.>: @T=&A[YnYO'>2= RYKV>YL`eTeÌmUMA@2=&ACO
_ m>TUV_Y@"O?>#Z.'D(O?n#A:KVK7R#D"ARYKVDj]Q>La>2CSRYUV_YDl[Y=Q>T[#D=?]QUVDO>2=lOQ[.DLBULA]QUV>2_ OZA:_#m
DYDLBN ]&A:R K^DG[Y=Q>T@2=&ACO'JUV]QnYUV_\AO?UV_Y@2KVDJ=&A:CD'>2= e
_"]?nYD'OQDLB]?UV>2_S]Q>l5>TKVK^>:,'D'OQn#AK^KRYN U^KMmG>2_>2NY=nYD%NY=QUVOQ]?UMLJA:_#AK^PO?U^OA:_#mG=QDW2N U^=?DCD%_z]?O
>:]QnYUVO O?DLB]?U^>T_A:_#m[ =Q>2[.>2O?D(Al[Y=BA2LB]?UXL%A:KZ^)A:]BAe#>:,OQP_#L?nY=?>2_Y>TNYO_KMA:_Y@TN#A:@TD2hJnYD_
D 5NY=Q]?nYD=UV_2DO?]QUV@zA]QDl5=Q>TC ]?nYD]QnYD>T=QD]?UMLA:K[.>2UV_]*>: UVD JnP mYA:]BAe#>: O?nY>2N KXm
R#DJO?P_#L?nY=Q>T_Y>2NYOZzA_#mDY[YKMA:UV_nY>: Al]QnYD>T=QD]?UMLA:KA_#A:KVPOQUVO_#A:]?NY=&AKVK^PGK^DA2mO N O ]Q>j]?nYD
O&ACDjLB>2_.LBKVNYOQUV>2_ O AO>2NY=l[Y=QDUV>2N O(n DNY=QUVO?]QUMLSA:_#AKVPzO?UVO<dP ]?nYD"JAPZY>2N =([ =Q>2[.>2O?Dm
KMA:_Y@TN#A:@TD JUVK^KR.DJOQNY[ [#>T=Q]QDmSRP"R.>2]?n"[ =&A2La]QUMLA:KA:_.mj]?nYD>2=?D]QUMLAKLa>2_YO?UXmÉD=&A]QUV>2_YO4,D
_Y>: C>:2DJ]Q>S]?nYD #=QO?]*UV]QD%C
&E
ZY &E
E
_4]QnYUVOJOQDLB]QUV>2_7Z#'DjRYN U^KMm>2_ >TNY=JnYDNY=?UVOQ]QUMLjA_#A:KVPOQUVO*A_#m=QDWTNYUV=QD%CD_]QOl>: ]Qn Dj[Y=QDae
U^>TNYO*O?DLB]?U^>T_ ,DjUV_]Q=Q>YmN.LBDAS]?U^_P4KMA:_Y@TN#A:@TDDSLA:KVK9<ZYJnYUML?nJU^KVK7[Y=Q>:UMmD"A
[Y=&ATLB]QUMLAKA:_ OQ'D="]?>4]QnYD4W2N DOQ]?U^>T_YO"A_#m=QDWTNYUV=?DCD_]?OjDS=BA:UVOQDmR#DB>2=QDTflK^O?>#ZA:O
JUVK^K.R.D(D É[ KXAUV_YDmSKMA]QD=ZU^]Jn.A:[Y[.D_YO <4UVOJASmUV=QDLB]*La>2_#LB=?D]QDUV_YOQ]BA:_#LaUXA]QUV>2_>:>2NY=
C\A]QnYDC4A:]?UXL%A:KC>YmDKhJnYD%OQD5DA:]QN =QDOC\A e2D < 2D=?P\LBKVDA_45=Q>TC ]Qn Dj]QnYD%>2=QD%]QUMLA:K
[#>TUV_z]G>:*UVDjZR NY]8A]j]Qn D\OBA:CD"]?U^CDS]QnYUVOC\A e2DOUV]jOQKVUV@2n]?K^P2D%=QR.>2OQDT<AOQDm >2_
<Z]QnYD" KMA:_Y@TN#A:@TD ×v u@0n#AO*R.DD_,mD#_YDm0 UVO*DO?OQD_]?UXAKVK^P4ASJAP>ÿC4AgeUV_Y@
<K^D%OQO2D=?R#>TOQD2ThJnYDJKXA_Y@2N.A:@2DdU^O_Y>:,]BAgeTD_8AO]QnYD"B:S:J8§z TQ¡
¢¤,:#azB:#2
¥
:¦:Y¦2¨B##O?DD×vYu@QZzA_#mUVOLaNY=Q=?D_]QKVPSUVC[YKVDCD_]QDmhJnYD%>2=QD%]QUMLA:K
R#A:O?DO'5>T= <0JU^KVK.R#DG[Y=Q>:UMmDmUV_]?nYDjOQN RYOQDWTNYD%_z]lOQDLa]QUV>2_YO
QTS U7VXW a [@nh `TenojXeoW
fY=?>2C >2NY=A_#A:KVPOQUVO >]?nYD*[ =QDUV>2NYO'OQDLB]QUV>2_7Z2'D(mDmN#LBD]Qn DJ5>TK^KV>:JUV_Y@'5DA:]QN =QDOJ]?n#A:]
