asinag agldan n tussna tamazivt

(1)

(2)

adlis n tnlmadt d unlmad

asgåas wiss ãäiã n usslmd amnzu imuran

Tagldit n lmvrib

Tamawast n usgmi anamur d usslmd yattuyn d usmuttg n imssugar d usiggl amassnan

asinag agldan n tussna tamazivt

tifawin a tamazivt

faÏima agnaw mpmmd lbvdadi hnnu loëj

mryam dmnati obdslaM xalafi nuëddin am¨¨ëuã

lmhdi iozzi pamid swifi obdlla qasi

hÉæcCG áªWÉa …OGó¨ÑdG óªfi êô©d ƒæg

¢UhôeG øjódG Qƒf

»Ø∏N ΩÓ°ùdG óÑY

»°SÉb ¬∏dG óÑY

»Øjƒ°S ó«ªM

Gdª¡ó… GEYõ……õYEG …ó¡ªdG

6

(3)

2

(4)

3

iskkiln n tfinav

(5)

4

tivri

A^äëiã n tvri - dadda lfahim Tivmrt n tvri

-argaz aqrzaz A^äëiã n tvri

-pmmu bu invmisn Tivmrt n tvri

-Tivariwin d wagarn n middn -takarikaturt s wawal aäëiã n tvri

-tifyur: tanaçuët tamççyant

^ Tivmrt n tvri -açawan

aäëiã n tvri

-rar taväft g ubrid ! Tivmrt n tvri

-ifiln n usikl aäëiã n tvri

-masinisa amzwaru Tivmrt n tvri

-obdlkrim lxïïabi, anzbay amqqran

aäëiã n tvri -tawuri n imççyann Tivmrt n tvri

-is tssnm izrfan nnun a imççyann ? aäëiã n tvri

-mamk ittbbi usddi amaddur?

Tivmrt n tvri

-mnnaw n wanawn n imaddarn ad illan g usddi amaddur?

aäëiã n tvri -tazzult n unvmas Tivmrt n tvri

-akal n tmvarin

-tazzulin nni xf ur jjin nsla

isntal d isursn n umsawaä

tangmi tanamurt tamsäãayt

Tivariwin d wagarn

açawan n tmurt inu

taväft g ubrid

inmvurn n umzruy azayku

tawuri n imççyann

asddi amaddur

tazzulin

tasugrt

Allas n tallast tamsÄãayt

(7-20) Asnuml n tvariwin d

wagarn n uwrik (21-34) asiwl xf

uçawan n tmurt inu

(35-48) askan d usmigl xf

tväft g ubrid

(49-62) assullvt xf inmvurn n

umzruy azayku (63-76) Annvms xf

twuri n imççyann

(77-90) Assfru n

tumant tamassant

(91-104) Assnçi xf

ustay n tazzulin (105-118) imalass

12, 3, 4

5, 6, 7

8, 910, 11, 12

13, 14, 15

16, 17 18, 19, 20

21, 22, 23

24, 25 26, 27, 28

29, 30, 31

32, 33

Abïïu n tsugar xf usgåas

Imalass n usnbgi

tayafut

(6)

5

awrar

-tallast tams^äãayt

- tizlit - tanfust

- izlan - tiwafitin - izlan - tiwafitin - tanfust - tanfust - tizlit

- tanfust - tizlit - izlan - tanfust

- tanfust

- tizlit

tirra

-asmutti n usaru unniv vr uäëiã amallas

- afars n tallast tamsäãayt

- asiriw n u^äëiã asnummal s tlviwin n tvariwin d wagarn -afars n uäëiã asnummal

- Asmad n uäëiã n umsawal s tlviwin d yusan

- afars n uäëiã n umsawal - asmad n uäëiã amskan s tlviwin n uskan

- afars n uäëiã amskan

- assuds n uäëiã amssullvt

- afras n uäëiã amssullvt

- annvms xf twuri n imççyann s usmrs n isqsitn d yusan

- afars n uäëiã annvmas s usmrs n isqsitn d yusan -assuds n uäëiã amssfraw s tawsa n iwlafn

-afars n uäëiã amssfraw s tawsa n iwlafn

-asmad n tflwit s tikki n inçatn imakadn d inçatn inmgaln

- afars n uäëiã amssnçay

Tajëëumt d usfti

1- tajëëumt - imrnutn n wakud - talviwin n wakud 2- asfti

- asfti n imyagn g wusmid 1- tajëëumt

- ifrisn n tvara - talviwin n tvara 2- asfti

- anawn n twinas

- tinawt tusridt d tinawt tarusridt 2- asfti

-talviwin n uskan -talva tanabawt 2- asfti

- asfti n imyagn g wurmir s “ad”

1- tajëëumt - imçlay imskann - imqqimn imskann 2- asfti

- asfti n imyagn g warusmid 1- tajëëumt

- talviwin n usqsi

- imçlayn imilan d imqqimn imilan 2- asfti

- talviwin n tfada - tawila tattwavt 2- asfti

- imassn n ussnçi - imçlayn arunmiln 2- asfti

- asfti n imyagn g warusmid s “ad”

Abïïu n tsugar xf usgåas

Imalass n usnbgi

tayafut

(7)

azul ! ha adlis nnv n tmazivt wiss ãäiã. ntta, d adlis n uswir amggaru g usslmd amnzu.

llant gis tamt n tsugar. ku tasugrt, gis ãäiãt n tilal :

amsawaä, tivri, taj^ëëumt d usfti, tirra, tivmrt n tvri, awrar.

g umsawaä, ad nsku tisugar n umsawaä s usiwl xf isntal ad : tangmi tanamurt tamsäãayt, asnuml n tvariwin d wagarn n iwrikn, açawan n tmurt nnv, taväft g ubrid, inmvurn n umzruy azayku, tawuri n imççyann d izrfan nnsn, asddi amaddur d tazzulin.

g tivri,

1. ad nvr iäëiãn s tmazivt tanamurt.

2. ad tn nrms s wawwas n tmawalt.

3. ad nrar xf isqsitn izdin d iäëiãn.

4. ad nssn asnay n wanawn n iäëiãn.

g tjëëumt d usfti, ad nssiriw ils nnv :

s usmrs n usnay n twinas d tuskiwin d usfti n imyagn.

g tirra, ad nlmd ad nari anawn n iäëiãn s ussmrs n ilmmudn nnv d wawwas n iluvma d twlafin.

g tvmrt n tvri, ad nssiriw tussna nnv s i^äëiãn ya^änin.

g uwrar, ad nlmd s tirart, nssmvur tussna nnv s tzlatin d tnfusin d twafitin.

taguri xf udlis nnv

6

(8)

7

Tasugrt 1: Allas n tallast tamsäãayt Asntl : tangmi tanamurt tamsäãayt

tizmmar n umsawaä

u

ad çëv awlaf, sawlv.

u

ad aæzv iwrikn n tallast.

u

ad aæzv timitar n wakud d udvar.

u

ad aæzv tifras timsäãayin n tallast.

u

ad alsv tanfust s usmrs n imassn n tutlayt.

tizmmar n tvri

u

ad vrv, skuv anamk n tallast tamsäãayt.

u

ad aæzv iwrikn n tnfust.

u

ad afv akud d udvar.

u

ad afv asuds n tigawin.

u

ad afv tifras timsäãayin n tallast.

u

ad aæzv asnay n uäëiã amallas.

tizmmar n tjëëumt d usfti

1. taj^ëëumt

u

ad rmsv, sniyv tiwinas s imrnutn n wakud.

u

ad rmsv, sniyv tiwinas s talviwin n wakud.

2. Asfti

u

ad ssftiv imyagn g wusmid.

tizmmar n tirra

u

ad smuttiv asaru unniv vr uäëiã amallas.

u

ad ariv tallast tamsäãayt.

(9)

8 tasugrt 1 : Allas n tallast tamsäãayt

amsawa^^ä

tidffuyin tizgåavin

hmmmmmmmmm ! Awi d tidffuyin tizgåavin !

1 2

3 4

5 6

(10)

tasugrt 1 : Allas n tallast tamsäãayt

9 1. ad çëv tasna n uçlmaä, iniv ma ad illan g

usaru unniv.

2. ad iniv is jjun xafi tkka zun d tallast ad.

1. mcta n iwrikn ad illan g usaru unniv ad ? 2. mani g tmsar tallast ad ?

3. min imsarn g umzwaru n tallast ad ? man akud ? 4. ma ad iskr urgaz i irbatn ? is ifulki uynna ?

5. mani g llan irbatn g twlaft tiss kkuçt ? ma ad skarn ? 6. ma ad ijëan g umggaru ?

7. ma ad isäãan g tallast ad ?

1. ad alsv tallast tamsäãayt n tasna n u^çlma^ä.

ad awsv i yixf inu s usmrs n talviwin n wakud d umawal d yusan.

ad alsv tallast s tbridt isäãan.

2. ur ttettuv ad sawlv :

- xf usurs amzwaru : iwrikn, akud, advar.

- xf usurs anammas : timsarin, timukrisin / imxumbar.

- xf usurs amggaru : afssay.

3. ad alsv yat n tallast tamsäãayt nna ssnv.

amsawa^^ä

aorbub ismäal / imälan

ad çëv

ad ssnv ad alsv tallast tamsäãayt

ad alsv tallast tamsäãayt

yan wass / ijj n wass...

g yiä / g tmddit...

is ka / vas / var...

imassn n wallas

llig / lliv / umi...

ilmma / uca / day...

g umggaru...

(11)

ad ssiriwv amawal inu kudnna : milmi mma, adday.

ttlavan as : ar as qqarn, ar as aqqran.

ar swingimn : ar ttxmmamn, ttxëëaãn.

aylliv ëmin : alami upln, ayllig upln.

iknu : yudr.

is ka içëa : var içëa, vas içëa.

agayyu : ixf, azllif, aqrru.

yan imikk : yan imiqq, xas uca.

tjla, nufa tt : twääë, nufi tt .

llig d yusa : lliv d yucka, umi d yusa.

ittwassn g yiffus n tmurt nnv, yan urgaz s ufssay n tmukrisin.

ar as ttinin «dadda lfahim». kudnna ran imzdavn afssay n kra n tmukrist, ttlavan as.

yan wass, çëan imçdavn yan umudr nna ur jjun çëin. tga akæ tadawt nns tisgniwin.

ar swingimn, ar swingimn aylliv ëmin. ur ssinn ma ad iga. ^^^msasan ad vrn i «dadda lfahim».

llig d yusa, iknu xf umudr ann, ar gis ismuqqul, ar gis ismuqqul.

is ka içëa tisgniwin, issnti ar ikkmz tamart nns d ugayyu nns.

yan imikk, yasi «dadda

lfahim» amudr g ufus nns, yini i imzdavn :

«way ! way ! way ! hmmm ! tjla, nufa tt ! tapanut n tsgniwin aya !»

dadda lfahim

tivri

amawal

tisgniwin / tisgnaf

(12)

11

tivri

ad rarv xf isqsitn ad

1. ma ad iga uwrik n tallast ad ? 2. mani g ittwassn d ma s ittwassn ?

3. man tamukrist illan g tallast ad ? 4. is yufa «dadda lfahim» a fssay n tmukrist ?

5. ma ad isäãan g tallast ad ? ini max.

ad ssnv asnay n uäëiã llant këaät n tfulin:

-asurs amzwaru, asurs anammas, asurs amggaru.

1. ad afv man asurs g nttafa tankda n uwrik d udvar.

2. ad afv asurs g tlla tmukrist.

3. ad afv asurs g illa ufssay n tmukrist.

4. ad afv asurs amsäãay.

5. ad iniv ma ad iga wanaw n uäëiã ad.

armas

insi

mmutn irbatn ad s taäãa immut urgaz ad s tawda !

immut s tigåda !

(13)

da nsmras imrnutn n wakud g uäëiã amallas afad ad nssuds timsarin n tallast.

yan wass = ijj n wass yan imikk = xas uca

ad smdv tiwinas ad s imrnutn n wakud d yusan.

1. ..., ddiv s mëëakc, nkk d yimma.

llig nlkm, nufa nn tafukt irvan.

...issnti unçaë ar ikkat.

2. ... nffv ncc d imddukkal inu ad nssara g tagant.

umi niwä, nufa ijj n ujäiä iëëç sg uäaë.

ngga as tavanimt, nwca as ad icc, nsrs t xf yict n tãïïa.

..., iäwa g ujnna.

tajëëumt

ad ssnv

ad sniyv

1. imrnutn n wakud

1. yan wass, ufiv yan utbir ddaw n waddag, asiv t g ufus inu.

yan imikk, tbdd d yimmas aflla n yixf inu.

llig srsv atbir g ugns n yiskki nns, tayl yimmas.

2. ijj n wass, ufiv ijj n utbir sadu n usklu, isiv t g ufus inu.

xas uca, tbdd d yimmas xf uzllif inu.

umi srsv atbir g ugns n yiskki nns, täwa yimmas.

ad çëv

(14)

da nsmras talviwin n wakud g uäëiã amallas afad ad nssuds timsarin n tallast.

kudnna = milmi mma = adday is ka = var = vas

13

tajëëumt

2. talviwin n wakud

- kudnnaran imzdavn afssay n kra n tmukrist, ar as aqqran.

- adday ran imzdavn afssay n kra n tmukrist, ar as qqarn.

- milmi mmaxsn imzdavn afssay n kra n tmukrist, ttlavan as.

ad smdv tiwinas s talviwin n wakud d yusan

1. ... tra tifawt ad tftu s tinml, ar tsray azzar nns.

2. ...ikkat unçaë, da kccmv vr taddart inu.

3. ...txsd ad tccd, iqqan d ad tssirdd ifassn nnk.

- is kaiçëa «dadda lfahim» tisgniwin, issnti ar ikmmz tamart nns d ugayyu nns.

- vas içëa «dadda lfahim» tisgniwin, issnti ar ikmmz tamart nns d uqrru nns.

- var içëa «dadda lfahim» tisgnaf, issnti ikmmz tamart nns d uzllif nns.

ad smdv tiwinas s talviwin n wakud d yusan

1. ...iç^^ëa umucc aydi, issufv ibbaskarn nns.

2. ...issfld i tallast tamsäãayt, immut s taäãa.

3. ...i^çëa yidir amddakæl nns, ilava as.

ad çëv

ad sniyv

ad sniyv ad çëv

ad ssnv

(15)

adday nsawal xf tigawin izrin, da nssmras imyagn g wusmid.

ad smdv amyag «zdv» g wusmid

ad smdv tiwinas ad s «ëçm» niv «zdv» g wusmid 1. ...tilila adlis nns n tmazivt.

2. ...yidir g tama n tinidlisn.

3. ...irbatn ilugn nnsn n tirra.

4. ...tmddukkal inu g unfgu.

ad ssftiv imyagn «lkm» d «kcm» g wusmid

asfti

ad ssnv ad sniyv

imyagn «ëçm», «zdv», «lkm», «kcm» g wusmid

1. g imalass izrin, i^ëçm yan yimikr taggurt n taddart nnv.

2.tëçm titrit adlis n twlafin vudanin.

3. llig nlkm, nëçm taggurt n tgmmi.

4. ëçmnt trbatin idlisn nnsnt n tmazivt.

ad ssftiv amyag «ëçm»

ad çëv

ëçmv nëçm tëçmd / tëçmt tëçmm

iëçm tëçmmt

tëçm ëçmn

ëçmnt

zdv... ...zdv ...zdv... ...zdv...

...zdv ...zdv... ...

...zdv zdv...

zdv... ...

(16)

ad ur ttuv ad :

1. stiv tallas tamsäãayt 2. ssudsv aäëiã :

- asurs amzwaru : awrik, advar.

- asurs anammas : tamukrist.

- asurs amggaru : afssay.

ad ariv tallast tamsäãayt nna ssnv

15

tirra

ad çëv asaru unniv, ariv tallast tamsäãayt

- yan wass - ijj n wass ...

avrda akrbay tisi tamãëiyt

- llig - lliv - umi

- yan imikk

- xas uca - is ka - vas - var

ad lmdv ad ariv tallast tamsäãayt

} }

...

^}

^...

}

^...

(17)

tivmrt n tvri

imyar ad ittamç dar middn : innum ittïïf sg middn.

aqrzaz : amjpap, amrjijju, abxil.

iccä : ipëuäjä.

inggä : ihkæa.

iæna : yudr.

amivis : upëic.

yugi : ur iri, ur ixs.

Iïïf : yumç.

amawal

argaz aqrzaz

illa g yan yivrm yan urgaz aqrzaz, imyar ad ittamç dar middn, maca ur jjun ifki kra i awd yan.

yan wass, iæna xf tmda n waman afad ad issird ifassn nns.

yan imikk, iccä. ur issin ad icucf.

ar ingg^ä g waman, isvuyyu.

uzzln d imzdavn n yivrm pma ad as awsn. ku yan da as ittini

«awi d afus nnk ! awi d afus nnk !». yugi ad asn isl. ar ing^gä, ar inggä.

isawl d yan umivis. inna i imzdavn :

«ajjat iyi ad sawlv akids !». yudr vr urgaz, inna as :

«av ak afus inu, amç !». iïïf urgaz afus, iffv d sg waman.

inna umivis i imzdavn :

«argaz ad, ur ittiri «awi d», ipml vas «amç ! av ak ! ha! ha! ha!».

(18)

tilal n uwrar

(19)

tawngimt n pmmu

pmmu vars drus n tnoacin. ijj n wass, iëup var ugadaz. tuva illuç, ur icci sg iännaï nns.

umi yiwä var ugadaz, yufa ipmmasn n islman ëçmn tiwura nnsn. yisi s usqinft, inna g wul nns : «Ayyay ! mcpal içiän islman n ugadaz !»

iswingm mamc va igg ad tn icc. iëap var yijj n bu inguln, isva ict n tngult n uvrum s uynni vars n tnoacin yudrusn. sg ssnni yudf var ijj n bu islman, ibdd xf

uvzdis nns, ikks d

avëum nni isva, igg it snnj i islman ittwacnfn, uca yili ittet.

inna as upmmas : «srs tinoacin, atig n islman !».

irra xafs pmmu : «aqqa, ttettv avrum inu, ur ttettv islman nnc!»

irra xafs upmmas : «uhu, aqqa ttettd aäu n islman inu! srs tinoacin!»

icmz pmmu g tmart nns, ixa^ëëã. sg ssnni, issufv d ijj n tqabsat sg upsin nns, igga gis ijj n äuëu, uca, issunnä itt g ujnna. inna as i upmmas: «sl! mala nkk æäiv islman nnk, ckk sl I tnoacin ttsrsirnt ! Ha ! ha ! ha!».

æäiv : cmmv.

aäu n islman : arript n islman.

tallast tamsäãayt

amawal

(20)

19

awtil d urgaz

idda yan urgaz vr ugadaz, yaf nn yan uoïïa^ë da izznza tikäifin, isrs yan uwtil tama nns. inna as i uoïïaë : «mcta ad gant tkäifin ad ?»

irar d xafs uoïïaë. inna as : «ku yiwt s watig nns».

isqsa t urgaz nna. inna as : «imma awtil ad, mcta ad gis ttettrt ?»

inna as uoïïaë : «atig n uwtil ad, anct nns anct n watig n tkäifin kul.»

inna as urgaz : «mimc ?»

irar d xafs uoïïaë : «hat, ntta ad iggarn açïïa nnsnt, içä tnt».

inna as urgaz : «i mimc va as gv pma ad iyi içä yat tkäift ?».

irar d xafs uoïïaë : «awi t ar ca n udvar igan luïa, tëçmt as gis, hat idda ad ak igr açïïa n tkäift nna trit».

msasan xf watig n uwtil, isv t urgaz lli,

yawi t ar advar igan luïa, iëçm as. yaf uwtil aynna ira. yazzl allig ur as tqqimi tmatart. ar as iqqar urgaz lli: «addu d a awtil ! addu d ! han tikäift nna riv, ur tgi anct nna».

tallast tamsäãayt

(21)

Tigmmi n imnadn

inkr yan urgaz ar issaqqlay yat tgmmi ma v ittzdav, ig as imi mnid n uvaras.

yan wass, izri d yan urgaz, ar ismuqqul v tgmmi lli, yini as :

«azul a bab n tgmmi ! ad ur tgt imi n tgmmi nnk xf tsga n ubrid.

wann izrin, rad içë agnsu n tgmmi nnk. iqqan d ad tgt taggurt xf tsga yaänin». iswingm bab n

tgmmi, yaf nn amnad n urgaz ifulki.

yadj imi amzwaru, iëçm wayyaä v udvar ya^^änin.

yan wass, izri d yan urgaz yaänin, yini as : «azul a bab n tgmmi ! ad ur tgt imi n tgmmi nnk xf tsga ann.

ur sar ak tffv tafukt imi n tgmmi

g unbdu. iqqan d ad tgt imi n tgmmi xf

tsga nna illan g umalu». iswingm bab n tgmmi, yaf nn amnad n urgaz ifulki. ifl taggurt ann, iskr tayyaä.

vmkan, kra igat ass d ma ad izrin, ifk as amnad nns, yaf t inn ifulki, iskr sis, aylliv tga zun d tigmmi n uvrda.

ur issin ma iskar. man imi rad iqqn d man wad rad iëçm.

llig iëmi, yadj akæ tigmmi ann, iddu s yan udvar yaänin, ar gis issaqqlay yat tgmmi tamaynut.

yan imikk, izri d yan urgaz, yini as: «azul a bab n tgmmi ! ad ur tgt imi n tgmmi....».

ibbi as bab n tgmmi awal, irar as d:

«ssfld a argaz ! tigmmi ad, tinu ad tga ! han tigmmi n imnadn g udvar ann, ëçm alln nnk, sti imi nna trit !»

tallast tamsäãayt

(22)

tasugrt 2 : asnuml n tvariwin d wagarn n uwrik Asntl d usurs n umsawaä: tivariwin d wagarn

tizmmar n umsawaä

u

ad çëv iwlafn, aæzv ma ayd gisn illan.

u

ad snumlv tafrist tawngimt n iwrikn illan g iwlafn.

u

ad snumlv tafrist tawngimt n yan uwrik nna ssnv.

tizmmar n tvri

u

ad vrv, skuv anamk n uäëiã asnummal.

u

ad d ssufvv tafrist takmamt n uwrik.

u

ad d ssufvv tafrist tawngimt n uwrik.

u

ad aæzv asnay n uäëiã asnummal.

tizmmar n tjëëumt d usfti

1. taj^ëëumt

u

ad rmsv, sniyv tiwinas s ifrisn d imyagn n tvara.

u

ad rmsv, sniyv tiwinas s tlviwin n tvariwin d wagarn.

2. Asfti

u

ad ssftiv imyagn g wusmid.

tizmmar n tirra

u

ad siriwv a^äëiã asnummal s ifrisn d tlviwin n tvariwin d wagarn .

u

ad snumlv ca n uwrik nna ssnv s usmrs n tvarast n usnuml n tfrist.

21

(23)

- arba ad, gis ul.

- gis amnus n tvri.

- iga amhrri.

- tcca tpnjirt a ifaddn nns ! - immut as wul.

- tga tamogazt.

22 tasugrt 2 : asnuml n tvariwin d wagarn n uwrik

amsawa^^ä

- imqqur as wul i urba ad.

- ul nns d amqqran ! - iga amnafu.

- iqqur as wul i ufrux ad.

- ul nns d açëu.

- ntta, d mirixf nns.

(24)

tasugrt 2 : asnuml n tvariwin d wagarn n uwrik

23

- ad çëv iwlafn n tasna n uçlmaä, iniv ma ad ittgg ku awrik.

- ad iniv min ismunn ngr iwlafn ad.

- ad vrv azwl n tsugrt, iniv ma xf d iwin iwlafn ad.

1. ad çëv iwlafn 1 d 3, iniv ma tn ismunn.

2. ad snumlv awlaf 1, ssufvv d tavara gis illan.

3. ad snumlv awlaf wiss 3, ssufvv d tavara gis illan.

4. ad çëv iwlafn wiss 2 d 4, iniv ma tn ismunn.

5. ad snumlv awlaf wiss 2, ssufvv d agar gis illan.

6. ad snumlv awlaf wiss 4, ssufvv d agar gis illan.

7. ad siwlv xf tvariwin inu d wagarn inu.

ad awsv i yixf inu s iggitn n wawal d umawal nna lmdv.

amsawa^^ä

ad çëv

ad ssnv ad snumlv

ad snumlv tivariwin d wagarn n kra n uwrik nna ssnv

(25)

pmmu, d argaz awssar. illa vurs ngr 70 d 80 n isgåasn.

maca, tsul twada nns tfssus waxxa ixatr g uwtay nns.

Iga pmmu yan ufgan bu tiddi imsasan, ur ivzzif, ur iqquäeä. da ilssa snat n tjlluba n taäu^^ät, am g tgrst am g unbdu. ict, tga tumlilt d ict, tazgzawt.

ifssus pmmu xf wul, minzi iga bu taäãa d bu tqbbaät.

ku ass, ttafd vars anvmis amaynu. s man aya, qqarn as imddukkal nns bu invmisn.

iga pmmu argaz anfkay, mqqar idrus uynna dars illan. adday vurs isigg kra n yan, ad as d isrs aynna vurs illan.

pmmu, d afgan amivis, da ittafa afssay i tmukrisin n imddukkal nns.

ntta, s tidt, d argaz nna mi ië^çm ufus, imvur as wul. ar iäããa d umççyan d umqqran.

maca, gis yan wagar axatar:

da ittgga izm adday as iëça iäã. ur ipmil pmmu ad isl i udida n yizi milmi mma ixs ad iswunfu g yimi n taddart nns. wnna ikkan tama nns, ar ittddu xf tfdnin pma ur t iskkr sg unuddm. mc t isfafa, la ittavul pmmu argaz yaän. Da ittgga ukëiä.

pmmu bu invmisn

tivri

(26)

25 1. ad ssiriwv tamawalt inu s tguriwin

afgan : bnadm

taäuät : taäuft

tumlilt : tacmlalt

tawada : ticli

anfkay : wnna mi iëçm ufus, wnna ijudn, amjjudi.

adida : lpss.

ur sar ittettu : ommars ad ittu.

pma ur t iskkr : afad ad t ur issnkr sg yi^äã^.

ukëiä : wnna mi iqsp wawal.

2. ad ssiriwv tamawalt inu s tlviwin.

ifssus xf wul : wnna ttirin middn.

ittddu xf tfdnin : ittddu s yifsti, s lpss.

amawal

tivri

ad rarv xf isqsitn

1. ma ism n uwrik nna isnuml uäëiã ad ?

2. ad d ssufvv tafrist takmamt nns: awtay nns, tiddi nns, timlsit nns.

3. ad d ssufvv tafrist tawngimt nns: tivariwin nns d wagarn nns.

4. ad afv g uäëiã talviwin d ifrisn isnumuln tivariwin nns.

5. ad afv g uäëiã talviwin d ifrisn isnumuln agarn nns.

6. ad smdv taflwit ad s tlviwin ad d ifrisn ad:

ad ssnv asnay n uäëiã

1. ad afv, g uäëiã, tasddart isnumuln tafrist takmamt n uwrik.

2. ad afv tisddarin isnumuln tafrist tawngimt nns: tivariwin nns d wagarn nns.

3. ad iniv ma ad igan anaw n uäëiã ad.

armas

tivariwin agarn

ifrisn talviwin ifrisn talviwin

... ... ... ...

(27)

ttmsasan ifrisn akd wassavn nna d ttmunn. amdya : arba amççyan. tarbat tamççyant.

irbatn imççyann. tirbatin timççyanin.

ad smsasav afris d wassav nns - tga tjllabit n pmmu (azgza).

- da ttiriv kigan ultma (amççyan).

- tga tifawt tarbat (amanuz ). ur da tsxitir ixf nns xf awd yan.

- gan ismunn inu (imivis), da ttrmasn dvya.

tajëëumt

ad ssnv

la iäffuë umyag n tvara assav zun d afris. amdya: argaz ivudan /tamvart ivudan.

izmr umvun ad imsasa d wassav g umagut. amdya: tarbat ivudan /tirbatin vudanin.

ad ssnv ad sniyv

ad ssftiv imyagn n tvara - idir, d arba (içil).

- tga tifawt tafruxt (ifulki).

- iddr d masin, d ipnjirn (icna).

- tifawt d nadya, gant tirbatin (ivudan).

ad sniyv

1. ifrisn n tvara

- pmmu, d argaz amqqran.

- tga faäma tamvart tamqqrant.

- gan pmmu d oddi irgazn imqqrann.

- faäma d yi^ïïu, gant timvarin timqqranin.

ad çëv

2. imyagn n tvara

- iga pmmu argaz imqqurn.

- tga ¨faäma tamïïuät imqqurn.

- pmmu d oddi, d irgazn imqqurn.

- pmmu d oddi, gan irgazn mqqurnin.

-faäma d i^ïïu, d timvarin imqqurn.

- faäma d i^ïïu, gant timvarin mqqurnin.

ad çëv

{ {

(28)

27

tajëëumt

3. talviwin n tvara

- iëçm as ufus i pmmu , da yakka aynna vurs illan.

- tlla gis tasa, da ittiri tarwa nns cigan.

- tqqur as tasa i tmucct ad, ur da tssuïïuä tarwa nns.

- arba ad, itca ifaddn nns, iga amogaz.

ad çëv

ad ssnv

ad sniyv

mala nra ad nsnuml tafrist tawngimt n ca n uwrik, da nsmras talviwin n tvariwin. amdya :

«im^qqur as wul» g wansa n «iga amnafu».

argaz aqrzaz ad zdiv talviwin d unamk nnsn.

1.ur gis tasa :

q

tqqur as tasa

q

kksn as tasa

q

ilul bla tasa.

2.immut as wul :

q

gis ul

q

ur gis ul

q

kksn as ul.

3. iqqur as ufus :

q

imqqur as ufus

q

ikrs as ufus

q

immut as ufus.

(29)

g usmid, da nsnfal avri amzwaru «a» n umyag am «als» s «u»

amdya : als uls, adf udf, a^æz ukz.

- (aæz) ultma iwrikn n tallast nna nvra iälli.

- (aæz) baba amdda^kæl nns g tilifizyun.

- (adf) istma vr tsdlist.

- (adf) uslmad vr tdala.

- tfulki tnfust nna av (als) yimma iägam.

- (als) uslmad i iluvma nna ur nrmis.

- (agl) mddn icnyaln ass n tfugla n tlalit n ugllid.

- (agl) tmvarin idffasn nnsnt g tafukt.

asfti

ad ssnv

ad ssftiv imyagn g wusmid

asfti n imyagn «als», «aæz», «adf», «agl» g wusmid

- imalass lli izrin, ulsv yat n tnfust ifulkin i imddukkal inu.

- yuls av baba tanfust n yinsi d wuccn llig d yavul sg twuri nns.

- yukzidir amddakæl nns masin g twlaft n tinml.

ad ^çëv asfti n imyagn «als» d «adf», smdv taflwit n usfti n umyag «aæz»

ad çëv

amyag «als» g wusmid tulsd /tulstulsv yuls

tulsnuls tulsm tulsmt

ulsnulsnt

amyag «adf» g wusmid tudfd / tudftudfv yudf

tudfnudf tudfm tudfmt

udfnudfnt

amyag «aæz» g wusmid ...kz

...kz....

...kz ...kz....

...kz....

(30)

29 ad awsv i yixf inu s tvarast ad:

- tankda n uwrik - asnuml n tiddi nns - asnuml n tmlsit nns - asnuml n tvariwin nns - asnuml n wagarn nns.

ad ariv aäëiã asnummal xf ca n uwrik nna ssnv

tirra

ad ssiriwv aäëiã ad s ifrisn niv talviwin d yusan . ad awsv i yixf inu s umawal ad :

imqqur as wul, tamanuzt, timhrrit, (gis) tasa, tfssus (xf wul), tagzlalt / taquäaät, fulkinin.

titrit, tarbat tamivist

tga titrit tamddak^^^^^^^ælt inu. titrit, yat n trbat ... ilssan timlsa ...

... titrit xf wul n inlmadn.

nttat, d tafruxt ... da d ttasa d tamzwarut g tdala. waxxa aynna, tga titrit yat n tnlmadt ...

... i titrit d tili gis ... awd xf imudar.

illa yan wagar vr titrit; ur tssin ad tini uhu i awd yan.

ad lmdv ad snumlv awrik

(31)

tivmrt n tvri

Qqarn as : da as ttinin.

Wanna ittbddadn d middn : wnni ittbddan akd iwdan.

amawal

bäan middn xf kigan n wanawn

bäan middn xf kigan n wanawn.

ku yan s tvariwin nns d wagarn nns.

illa wanna g illa wul, ur gis tasa, yili wnna g tlla tasa, immt as wul.

da nttafa wnna mi imqqur wul, iga amogaz, naf wnni g illa umnus, iqqur as ufus.

takarikaturt s wawal

llan middn ittggn takarikaturt s wawal. qqarn as i wnna isawaln aïïaã, tisirt n wawal niv ar iççaä awal. ar ttinin i wanna bahra issugrn, iga tifrvi n waäu niv ittjbban aman. da ttinin i wanna igan aqrzaz, iga ilammn çmanin, niv ur ittett var ma iqqn amucc.

qqarn as i wanna ittbdadn d middn «srs t xf utrs ijji», «niv srs t xf unccaf ijji», «niv srs t xf ugzzim ad iggnfa».

(32)

tilal n uwrar

(33)

tamunit

munt d iw, munmt id Ad ngg afus g ufus Ad nbna tammurt nnv Ad nmunt i umnus mala nccin nmun

maëëa ad xafnv ifsus Ad d nbna g umaäal Ad d asmn lgnus Ad nssili tacnyalt Ad ttali ur tettrus

mupmmd caca, azlawi amaziv

1. azzl g tm^çi nnk, xf tmvr nnk.

2. tivydt n u^çvaë, ur ttjji tamurt nns waxxa twt itt tzawa.

tizlit

tiwafitin

(34)

33

tAmucct n tfqqirt

tlla yat tfqqirt, tzdv vas nttat d yixf nns. idrus gis wawal. ur da tsawal vas i imudar nna tssgma.

yan wass, tssufv as d tfullust icicawn, ukan tgg tn d twuri nns.

s wass, da tn tkssa g umrdul, tpäu tn sg tmdda d yicob... g yiä, da tn ttawi vr tama n tissi nns, tvms asn s waåra iççayn.

tkka tt nn tfqqirt ad, tsgma yat tmucct. maca, iddv ar as ttakr, ur tqqimi da gis tt ttawi. ku iä, da tkccm tmucct vr taddart n tfqqirt pma ad taf ma ayd ttetta, maca ur da as takka tmvart awd pap. yan yi^ä, tsla tmucct i lpss n icicawn ddaw n waåra. trzzu ad tn ttc. Ur vursnt tufi abrid...

sg wass nna, ku iä, da ttali xf waåra, tsuggr xf icicawn ignan, tskcm tacwwalt nns g waln n waåra, tssfafa tn, tddu tffr g ca n

tvmrt. adday svuyyn icicawn, tkkr d tmvart tgllint, sg unudm, tdduhda, pma ad tçë ma ayd ijëan i

icicawn nns.

sg tvmvt nns, da gis ttëaoa tmucct, ar ttini g yixf nns:

«çë a tafqqirt ! ur gganv, ur tggant, ur ggann icicawn....»

tanfust

amrdul : advar nna içiln i tkssa.

icob : amudr ittuttn ifullusn.

tacwwalt : tabëäuät n umucc.

amawal

(35)

tafullust d ubavuv

yan wass, yav laç yan ubavuv, iddu s tama n taddart n yat tfullust ar gis ittini:

- «wanna iran invmisn d igåran, iffv d ad asn issfld!»

tafullust lli, nttat, ur d tffiv acku tkãuä ad tt icc ubavuv. tsaqsa t id sg ugns n tgmmi nns:

- «ma ad d igåran ?»

- «Anvmis amzwaru, iga t mas d mcackan imudar ad sul ur cttan ngratsn. Izm, ur ad ictta udad ; avilas, ur ad ictta açnæä; agru, ur ad ictta tamurvi; uccn, ur ad ictta tavaät; abavuv, ur ad ictta tafullust. iv trit ad am iniv anvmis wiss sin, tffvt d !»

tra tfullust ad tssn anvmis wiss sin, maca ur tt ujjint tkããaä ad d tffv dar ubavuv.

Imik ukan, tanni nn tfullust yan wuãkay imqqurn, yumç d avaras.

ffvnt tt tkããaä, ar ilmma

ttpyyal ad d tffv dar ubavuv.

Abavuv lli, nttan, is nn ka içëa uãkay, siv nit iffrtl, irwl, ar as taqqra tfullust :

- «yak tnnit a abavuv mas ur rad sul cttan imudar ngratsn. max aylliv trwlt ?»

- «ur nniv uãkay nna is t ilkm unvmis nna am nniv !»

tanfust

(36)

35

tasugrt 3 : asiwl xf uçawan n tmurt inu Asntl d usurs n umsawaä : açawan n tmurt inu

tizmmar n umsawaä

u

ad çëv iwlafn, sawlv.

u

ad aæzv aynna xf d yiwi umsawal.

u

ad aæzv imslsawaln.

u

ad d ssufvv tufrayin n imslsawaln.

u

ad d ssufvv talviwin timzdayin d twilawin n umgnu d yusan akd usurs n umsawal.

u

ad smrsv talviwin d twilawin nna lmdv g usurs amaynu.

tizmmar n tvri

u

ad vrv aäëiã n umsawal.

u

ad aæzv aynna xf d yiwi umsawal.

u

ad aæzv imslsawaln.

u

ad d ssufvv tufrayin n imslsawaln.

u

ad d ssufvv timitar n uäëiã n umsawal.

u

ad aæzv asnay n uäëiã n umsawal.

tizmmar n tjëëumt d usfti

1. taj^ëëumt

u

ad smrsv tawinst tanalawt d twinst tasqsayt d twinst tanaçaft, d twinst tanaät.

u

ad bäuv ngr tinawt tusridt d tinawt tarusridt 2. asfti

u

ad ssftiv imyagn g wusmid

tizmmar n tirra

u

ad smdv amsawal s tlviwin timzdayin d twilawin n umgnu.

u

ad ariv aäëiã n umsawal.

(37)

36 tasugrt 3 : asiwl xf uçawan n tmurt inu

amsawa^^ä

tifawin a idir ! da smuqqulv yan n udlis

xf imassn n uçawan.

waxxa. as d!

qqim !

çë tamja a, mcpal tcna!

s tidt, tvuda! ttxsv timslit nns aïïaã!

Awd rribab a ihyya, ma ay

tnnid?

tvçant! ifulki!

ssfldv as g unzway

tssnd! ncc tnqq

iyi ticti n wallun! imassn n uçawan n

tmurt nnv maëëa cnan ! tanmmirt xf uynna iyi tmlid!

s taäfi ! Azul a nadya ! min

tsmuqquld ? ifulki! ml

iyi ad çëv!

tanmmirt !

(38)

tasugrt 3 : asiwl xf uçawan n tmurt inu

37

- ad çëv tasna n uçlmaä, iniv man anaw n warra gis illan.

- Ad iniv mamk ssnv.

- ad iniv mcpal n iwrikn illan g tasna n uçlmaä.

- Ad iniv ma ad gan.

- Ad iniv mani llan.

- Ad iniv min xf sawaln imslsawaln, iniv mamk ssnv.

- Ad iniv mamk ssntin amsawal nnsn.

- Ad iniv mamk smdn amsawal nnsn.

Ad sawlv akd umddakæl/ tamddakælt inu xf kra n unaçuë nna ttxsv, ur ttettuv : - ad ssntiv amsawal s usuzl (azul, tifawin, timnsiwin...).

- ad ur ttbbiv awal.

- Ad ur ttffvv xf uynna d yiwi umsawal.

- Ad smrsv tiwilawin n umgnu (tanmmirt, s taäfi...).

- Ad smrsv talviwin am: s tidt! Tvçant! Ma tnnid, is tssnd...)

amsawa^^ä

ad çëv

ad ssnv ad sawlv xf uçawan n tmurt inu

Ad sawlv xf uçawan n tmurt inu

tamja / tavanimt rribab Allun anzway

(39)

imsagar ziri akd tifawt tama n tinml nnsn.

ziri : «azul a tifawt! ma tsmdd aäëiã nnm xf inaçuën n tmurt nnv?»

tifawt : «tifawin a ziri ! wah smdv t».

ziri : «man anaçuë xf turid ?»

tifawt : «uriv xf tnaçuët tifyur»

ziri : «tifyur ! mcpal icna uçawan nns ! siwl iyi xafs mala txsd !»

tifawt : «tifyur, d tanaçuët tamççyant.

is tssnd ? nttat d tanlmadt tamivist. tettas d tamzwarut g tinml waxxa tga tanaçuët».

ziri : «min xf ssawaln izlan nns ?»

tifawt : «izlan nns, ttxsv tn aïïaã ! ssawaln xf tussna tamazivt d inmvurn n umzruy n tmurt nnv am obdlkrim lxïïabi ».

ziri : «yam ? is tufid ad iyi tinid kra sg izlan nns ?»

tifawt : «yyih ! ssfld:

lmd a amaziv, lmd ad tssnd

ad tksd ifurag xf tussna, ad tzdvd».

ziri : «ayyaw ! mcpal icna yizli a! tanmmirt!».

tifawt : «s taäfi!».

tifyur : tanaçuët tamççyant

tivri

ad ssiriwv amawal inu

imsagar : immaqqar, immaggar.

mala txsd : mc trit, iv trit.

amawal

(40)

39

tivri

ad afv g uäãiã imnawayn n tlviwin a : siwl vifs / siwl fllas

mc tufit / mala tufid mkad ifulki / mcta ivuda mqqar ttirir

ad rarv xf isqsitn a :

1. wi isawaln g uäëiã ? mamk t tssnd ? 2. mani g llan imslsawaln ?

3. ma xf sawaln imslsawaln ? 4. mamk ssntin amsawal nnsn ? 5. ma xf isqsa ziri ?

6. man invmisn tfka tifawt xf tifyur ? 7. mamk tsiwl tifawt xf tifyur ?

8. man tiwilawin n umgnu smrsn imslsawaln g uäëiã ? ad ssnv asnay n uäëiã

- ma s issnti umsawal ? max ?

- mamk tga twila n uäëiã a (anaw n twinas d umpas) ? - Ad iniv man anaw iga uäëiã a.

armas

anaçuë amççyan

apidus n iorrimn n ayt wa¨¨¨¨ëayn

tanaçuët crifa

(41)

tajëëumt

1. anawn n twinas

- tga tifyur tanaçuët tamççyant.

- is fulkin izlan nns?

- wayyaw ! mcpal cnan izlan n tifyur ! - ini iyi kra sg izlan nns!

ad çëv

ad ssnv

ad sniyv

tawinst tanawt, da takka anvmis. tettsmad s tnqqiät(.).

tawinst tasqsayt, da tsqsa xf kra n unvmis. tettsmad s tmatart n usqsi (?).

tawinst tanaçaft, da takka tufrayin n unmsawal. tettsmad s tmatart n wuçuf(!).

tawinst tanaät, da takka tanaät niv agddul niv asmigl niv tutra.

da ittusftay umyag nns g wanaä. Tettsmad s tmatart n wuçuf(!).

1. ad d ssufvv sg uäëiã n tvri g tasna 38 :

tawinst tanawt : ...

tawinst tasqsayt : ...

yat n twinst tanaçaft : ...

yat n twinst tanaät : ...

2. ad ariv tawinst d yusan akd ku asurs.

- Içëa idir yan unaçuë axatar, ira ad issn ism nns, isqsa babas : ...

- ira babas ad irar xf usqsi n yidir, inna as :

...

- tsla titrit i uçawan n unaçuë, issusm tt kigan, tnna : ...

- tettr titrit i yidir tasfift n ina^çuën lfnayë :

... tasfift tanaçuët tifyur

(42)

41

tajëëumt

2. tinawt tusridt d tinawt tarusridt

1- ziri: «man anaçuë xf turid a tifawt ?»

isqsa ziri tifawt man anaçuë xf tura.

2- ziri: «is tssnd tifyur a tifawt ?»

isqsa ziri tifawt is tssn tifyur.

3- ziri: «ma tssnd tifyur a tifawt ?»

isqsa ziri tifawt ma tssn tifyur.

ad çëv

ad ssnv

ad sniyv

ad ssnflv tiwinas a sg tinawt tusridt vr tinawt tarusridt.

1- idir: «man avanib trid a titrit?».

- idir, isqsa titrit...

2- titrit: «mcta n tsddarit turid xf tifyur a nadya?».

- tsqsa titrit nadya ...

3- taslmadt: «is turim aäëiã xf uçawan n tmurt nnv?».

- tra tslmadt ad tssn is...

4- «mlmi va tddud vr lpusima a baba?».

- idir, isqsa babas...

tinawt tusridt -tlla twinst gr taskarin

-llant snat n tnqqaä dat n taskarin

tinawt tarusridt - ur tlli twinst gr taskarin - tga tawinst tanalawt

tagiïaët

(43)

g wusmid, la nsftay imyagn am «ml» s tmrnut n «i» g wudm amzwaru d wiss sin amdya : mliv, tmlit d uvri «a» g udmawn nniän.

asfti

imyagn «ml», «sv», «gr» d «fl» g wusmid

1- iännaä, mliv adlis n tzlatin i baba.

2- imalass nni izrin, tmla anv tslmadt tawlaft n tifyur.

3- mlan inaçuën imassn n uçawan i inlmadn.

Ad ssftiv amyag «ml» g usmid

ad çëv

mliv nmla

tmlid / tmlit tmlam

imla tmlamt

tmla mlan

mlant

ad sniyv ad ssnv

ad smdv amyag «sv» g wusmid

ad smdv tiwinas a s «ml» niv «sv» g wusmid.

- Asinas nni izrin, ... iyi baba tagiïaët tamaynut.

- Iännaä, ... baba sin n idlisn.

- ... inlmadn aluvmu nnsn i uslmad imalass nni izrin.

- g tfaska izrin, ... yidir timlsit tamaynut.

ad ssftiv amyag «gr» d «fl» g warusmid

aytmatn lokkaf

sv... … ...sv…

...sv... … ...sv... … ...sv… ...sv... ... …

...sv… sv... …

sv... ... …

(44)

43 ur ttettuv :

1. ad stiv asurs n umsawaä.

2. ad stiv imslsawaln.

3. talviwin timzdayin d twilawin n umgnu.

4. ampas.

ad ariv a^äëiã n umsawal

tirra

ad smdv aäëiã s talviwin d yusan

azul, tanmmirt, tifawin, is tufid / ma tzmmard / is tvid, s taäfi, mcpal icna / mcta ihyya/ mkad ifulki.

idir : «.... a nadya, min ttggd?»

nadya : «.... a idir. da ssflidv i ommuri mbark.

ifulki uçawan nns. »

idir : «.... … imsli n tgiïaët nns ... ... ad iyi tmld mani sg d tsvid tasfift nns?»

nadya : «waxxa.»

idir : «… » titrit : «... …»

ad lmdv ad ariv aäëiã n umsawal

anaçuë ommuri mbark

anoibaë n umarg ngr ëëayã ipya d ëëayã ajmmao

(45)

tivmrt n tvri

ufin...aqqa : ufan ....mas.

imuäan : imuäinn, imhrac.

altu : dav, div.

xf yiggi n uya : nnig n uya, snnj i man aya.

amawal

açawan

ifulki uçawan i waïïaã n tvawsiwin g tudrt n ufgan. ufin imsiggiln aqqa assfld n uçawan issfsus aïïann xf imuäan.

da ittaws uçawan, altu, i uswuri n wul d wanli. xf yiggi n uya, issdrus uçawan angas g ubrid, minzi:

- ur ttipln imndahn.

- ur da tn ittawi yiäã

s man aya, iqqn d ad nssflid i uçawan ku

ass. Amndah

atklas

luïaë ganga

(46)

tilal n uwrar

(47)

nccin d tmça

A ëap d ad nirar, A ëap d ad näpc, Ad nali var tagant, ad nirar ad npparwc ma tslim xf tmça, tnn iccin tarwa nns?

tçwa sboa n idurar, trzzu xf umksa nns, tsqsa taziri,

cpal jar as d akids!

ma d adrar, ma d tnayn!

tmmarmc ixsan nns!

Nccin d imççyann, Ntsla xf tissar nns, manis mma nkka,

nttaf rimart nns!

Nccin ommars ad nmmt, Nccin lbda aqqa nddar, mala d imççyann,

tiwcca aqqa nmvar !

tanaçuët tifyur

taqaëiät : mulay mupmd, 2007

izlan

(48)

47

izlan

tiwafitin

tamvart

a tamvart a tnna ipäan amzruy,

qqis iyi ma tçëit

qqis iyi ma izrrin qqis iyi äaët uçïïa.

...

siwl iyi xf imdyazn timviw d ipidas, siwl iyi xf invmisn n wussan nna izlan;

siwl iyi xf imnvan d irgzn iozzan.

...

mupa mllal : anzwum,1996. tasna 40

zuzzrv awn tt inn, ma ayd igan ? - izikr ur illim ufus.

- ilul d s tamart, immt bla tamart.

- ar ittazzal, ur yupil ?

- ilul d s waskiwn, immt bla askiwn ? - ar ttetta, ur tdjiwn ?

(49)

atbir umlil

atbir umlil, nra a nmun s darun iv iyi trit, nra bdda a ng winnun

a nmun, a nçë walli nra v ddunit iqqan av d usmun, lxyar d kyyin

ma iyi imlan is ijla utbir iga wapdat ur imun d yan a xuya atbir niv apbib n yan a t ukan lap iqqan d ad jlun lmuluo yan iãyyän atbir nkki nniv yuf a tn iäalb yan

iv ira a t tëbbut a bdda ig winnun nkk nniv yuf a tn iäalb yan

i walli t yurun nv tn ëbban imma axlawiy ur sar ggawrn mlad lhwa nns is ira ad jlun.

amarg aqbur. inna t ëëayã lpajj bloid

izlan

tiwafitin

apbib : asmun.

lmuluo : wanna bahra ittirin asmun nns.

yan iãyyän : yan igmrn.

a tn iäalb yan : ad tn ittr yan.

iv ira a t tëbbut : iv ira ad t tssgmit.

axlawiy : awliwan, wanna dar ur illi usmun niv amddakæl.

amawal

1. tjyyr ur tïïaf imi. ma ad tga?

2. ar ittwddan ur ar ittçalla. ma ad iga?

3. imun d uvaras, yasi tukrist nns. ma ad iga?

4. immvi, ur iïïaf içuëan. ma ad iga?

5. tagåst inu dar unsram, adis inu dar ugzzar. mad ad giv?

(50)

49

tasugrt 4 : askan d usmigl xf tväft g ubrid Asntl d usurs n umsawaä: taväft g ubrid

tizmmar n umsawaä

u

ad çëv iwlafn, sawlv.

u

ad aæzv timukrisin nna xf d iwin iwlafn.

u

ad fkv ismigiln d yusan s usmrs n talviwin n uskan.

u

ad afv yat tmukrist yaänin, fkv ismigiln d yusan.

tizmmar n tvri

u

ad vrv aäëiã amskan.

u

ad aæzv timukrisin nna xf d yiwi uäëiã.

u

ad d ssufvv ismigiln illan g uäëiã.

u

ad afv talviwin n uskan illan g uäëiã.

u

ad aæzv asnay n uäëiã amskan.

tizmmar n tjëëumt d usfti

1. taj^ëëumt

u

ad rmsv, sniyv tiwinas s talviwin n uskan.

u

ad rmsv, sniyv tiwinas s talva tanabawt.

2. Asfti

u

ad ssftiv imyagn g wurmir s «ad».

tizmmar n tirra

u

ad smdv aäëiã amskan s talviwin n uskan.

u

ad ariv aäëiã amskan.

(51)

- ad ur nzggr g tuççumt n uvaras.

- ad ur nttbbi g wammas n ubrid.

- ur nçkæi g wammas n ubrid.

- iqqan d ad nbbi avaras sg usaka n imikiln.

- iqqan d ad nbbi abrid sg usaka n imikiln.

- iqqan d ad nçwa abrid sg usaka n imikiln.

50 tasugrt 4 : askan d usmigl xf tväft g ubrid

amsawa^^ä

asurs amzwaru

- ad ur ntturar g uvaras.

- ur ntturar g ubrid. - mla d nkk, ad tturarv g usays.

- mr d nkk, ad tturarv g usays.

- mli d ncc, ad tturarv g usays.

asurs wiss sin

(52)

idir, iga arba amzzav, da ittbbi abrid sg usaka n imikiln.

tasugrt 4 : askan d usmigl xf tväft g ubrid

51 1. ad çëv tasna n uçlmaä, iniv ma ad gis illan.

2. ad iniv ma ad ismunn ngr iwlafn ad.

1. ad çëv tiwlafin n usurs amzwaru, snumlv tnt.

2. ad afv tamukrist illan g usurs amzwaru.

3. ad fkv ismigiln d yusan.

4. ad çëv tiwlafin n usurs wiss sin, snumlv tnt.

5. ad afv tamukrist illan g usurs wiss sin.

6. ad wcv ismigiln d yusan.

1. ad afv yat tmukrist yaänin nna ssnv.

2. ad iniv ismigiln d yusan.

amsawa^^ä

tawjja / tacamma

asays

ad çëv

ad ssnv ad smiglv

ad smiglv

(53)

ad ssiriwv amawal inu rar taväft : arr taynit, rar anli.

bbi : zgr, çwa.

iv : mala, mc.

tugt : kigan, aïïaã, bzzaf.

Asidd, isaddn : tifawt, tifawin.

ad nëaja : ad nqql, ad nggani.

iv ur ta nzgr avaras : dat ad nbbi abrid.

talgåit : taruggut.

ad afv g uäëiã imnawayn n twinst ad ommrs ad nçwa abrid.

arr taynit ! cqqan ibridn ! tugt n imikiln ar tn kkatnt thiritin iv bbin abrid, ur rurn anli.

ha kra n ismigiln xf mamk rad nbbi avaras : 1. mala illa usaka n imikiln d isaddn n usikl

iqqan d ad n^ëaja ar va tili tifawt taz^g^^åavt, bddnt thiritin, pma ad nçwa abrid sg usaka n imikiln.

2. iv illa usaka n imikiln, maca ur llin isaddn n usikl

mqqar illa usaka n imikiln, ad ur nttettu ad nsmuqql xf ufasi nnv d uçlmaä nnv iv ur ta nzgr avaras.

3. mc ur illi usaka n imikiln d isaddn n usikl

iqqan d ad nsti yan udvar g nttannay tihiritin d ittasan sg ufasi d uçlmaä. ad nçë kigan n tikkalt vr ku tasga dat ad nbbi abrid.

4. mala illa ugrbrid

ur nttettu ad nbdd xf usali, nsmaqql xf ufasi nnv d uçlmaä nnv, nbbi abrid sg usaka n imikiln. ommrs ad nç^wa g wammas n ugrbrid.

5. iv illa ubrbrid

iqqan d ad nkk xf tlgåit ittawin s tsga yaänin n ubrbrid. ar bahra gis ttazzalnt thiritin.

ur sar rad nbbi avaras g wammas n ubrbrid !

rar taväft g ubrid !

tivri

amawal

Asaka n imikiln

(54)

abrbrid agrbrid tasugrt 4 : askan d usmigl xf tväft g ubrid

53

tivri

asali

isaddn n usikl ad rarv xf isqsitn ad

1. ma xf isawal uäëiã ad ?

2. ma rad ijëu g uvaras iv ur nrur anli ? 3. g man tifawt ad nçwa abrid ?

4. xf man advar ad nttbbi abrid ?

5. ma rad nskr ku tikklt nna nra ad nbbi avaras ? 6. mala illa ugrbrid, min ur nttgg ?

7. mamk nttbbi abrbrid ? ad ssnv asnay n uäriã

1. man anaw iga uäëiã ad ? mamk tssnd ? 2. man anvmis nttafa g uzwl ?

3. max allig llan wuïïunn g uäëiã ? 4. ma illan ddaw n ku uïïun ? mamk tssnd ?

armas

tihirit talgåit

(55)

da nttafa talviwin n uskan g uäëiã amskan, zun d :

iqqan d ad

ad smdv tiwinas ad s iqqan d ad

1. iv ira yidir ad izgr avaras sg usaka n imikiln, ... içë xf ufasi nns d uçlmaä nns.

2. mala lliv tama n isaddn n usikl, ... ëajiv ar va tili tifawt tazgåavt pma ad çwiv abrid.

3. ad ur ttazzalt g uvaras n tinml, ...tffvt zikk sg tgmmi.

4. mc tra tifawt ad tbbi abrid, ...trar taväft.

5. ur tturar g wammas n ubrid, ...tturard g usays.

tajëëumt

ad ssnv

ad sniyv

1. talviwin n uskan

1. kudnna trit ad tzgrt a^varas, iqqan d ad tsmaqqlt xf ufasi d uçlmaä.

2. adday nlla g ubrid, iqqan d ad nrar taväft.

3. milmi mma txsd ad t^çwid abrid, iqqan d adtsmuqqld xf ufusi d uçlmaä.

ad çëv

(56)

55 da ttafa talva tanabawt s : ur jjun = ur jjin

ad ssnv

tajëëumt

da nttafa talviwin n uskan g uäëiã amskan.

mla d nkk = mr d nkk = mli d ncc

ad smdv tiwinas ad s mla d nkk/ mr d nkk / mli d ncc.

1. ibbi urba abrid s tazzla ……….., rad smaqqlv g umzwaru xf ufasi d uçlmaä.

2. tturarn irbatn s tcamma g wammas n ubrid………, ad urarv g yijj n wansa d yusin, am usays.

3. da ittddu urba g wammas n ubrid ..., ad dduv xf usali.

ad ssnv ad sniyv

1. tzgr nadya avaras g tuççumt n ugrbrid.

mla d nkk, rad zgrv xf usaka n imikiln.

2. ibbi ïaëiq abrid, ur yannay xf ufasi nns d uçlmaä nns.

mr d nkk, ad annayv xf ufasi inu d uçlmaä inu.

3. içwa karim g wammas n ubrbrid.

mli d ncc, ad çwiv g truggut ittawin s ujmmaä inn.

ad çëv

2. talva tanabawt

ur jjun urarv g tuççumt n uvaras.

ur jjin nttu ad nrar taväft g ubrid.

ur jjin içwa abrbrid g wammas nns.

ad çëv

ad nçwa abrbrid sg truggut ad ur ntbbi g ugrbrid

(57)

ad smdv tiwinas ad s imyagn «ëçm», «als», «ml» g wurmir s ad.

1. tra titrit … .... adlis nns n tmazivt.

2. ran inlmadn d tnlmadin … .... tallast g tdala.

3. yuf awn, … ... abrid i irbatn m^ççiynin..

ad ssftiv imyagn «kcm», «adf», «sv» g wurmir s ad

asfti

ad sniyv

imyagn «ëçm», «als», «ml» g wurmir s ad

1. riv ad ëçmv as^ëjm, ad ikcm uzwu.

2. tra massa yamna ad tals tanfust i titrit.

3. iqqan d ad nml i irbatn mç^^çiynin mamk nttbbi abrid.

ad ssftiv imyagn «ëçm», «als», «ml» g wurmir s ad

ad çëv

ad ëçmv adalsv admlv

ad tëçmt/d ad talst/d ad tmlt/d

ad iëçm ad yals ad iml

ad tëçm ad tals ad tml

ad nëçm ad nals ad nml

ad tëçmm ad talsm ad tmlm

ad tëçmmt ad talsmt ad tmlmt

adëçmn ad alsn ad mln

adëçmnt ad alsnt ad mlnt

ad smdv tiwinas ad s ur jjun/ ur jjin

1. ar tturarn irbatn s twjja n uäaë g wammas n ubrid. nkk, ... urarv g tuççumt n uvaras.

2. ...irar yidir g ubrid.

3...ddiv vr tinml s tazzla.

4. ... tçwa tifawt agrbrid g wammas nns.

5. ... nbbi abrid iv tlla tifawt tazgzawt.

ad sniyv

(58)

ad çëv iwlafn ad, afv tamukrist.

ad ariv ismigiln d yusan ddawatsn.

ad ariv aäëiã amskan

57

tirra

ad smdv tabrat ad s : - iqqan d ad,

- ad ur ttazzalm / ur ttazzalm, - ad ur ttettum / ur ttettum, - mla d nnk / mr d nnk / mli d ncc.

tabrat i imndahn

tamndaht, amndah,

arrt taynit ! rarat anli !

... tama n tinml nnv. ... ad trarm taväft i tnlmadin d inlmadn g uvaras.

... ad ttbddm dat n usaka n imikiln afad ad nbbi abrid.

..., ad gv amndah amzzav.

inlmadn d tnlmadin n tinml n tifawin

ad lmdv ad ariv aäëiã amskan

tanttalt

! ! !

(59)

tivmrt n tvri

azlalam ifil ançayë Ifil anmkëaä

ifiln n usikl

llan këaä n wanawn n ifiln n usikl : 1. ifiln n ugddul. ad ur nskr !

ifiln ad, gan inçayën, tisgåin nnsn tizgåavin.

g ugns nnsn, nttaf awlaf immaln agddul.

2. ifiln n uzuccl iqqan d ad nttgg ! ifiln ad, gan inçayën, ammas nnsn açëwal.

g ugns nnsn, nttaf awlaf immaln azuccl.

3. ifiln n imizi: ad narr taynit ! ifiln ad, gan inmkëaän, timwwa nns tizgåavin.

g ugns nnsn, nttaf awlaf immaln imizi.

ad ur nzri s

uäaë. ad ur nzri s

uzlalam.

iqqan d ad

nzri s uäaë. iqqan d ad nzri s uzlalam.

ad nrar taväft i irbatn nna ittbbin abrid.

ad nrar anli i imikiln lli izgrn avaras.

(60)

tilal n uwrar

(61)

ayur, ayur !

ayur, ayur ! ayur, ayur !

ini iyi min ttwarid sg umzwar ar amggar ? ttwariv ibridn b^äan, man abrid va näfaë ! ttwariv diha tmçi, tssur akd twsar ! ttwariv buydunan, ittru ivïïë afar ! ayur, ayur !

ayur, ayur !

siwl iyi xf ujnna, tammurt d rbpur.

nnan ad iwwt unçaë s tvaydin n unçaë ! ad ilellc ujnna s tslatin n unçaë ! ad tssu ddunct s wafar n udbir ! ayur, ayur !

ayur, ayur !

yura tt uzlawi, musawi saoid, irir itt unaçuë, karim lmrsi

izlan

1. twäa d sg tzqqa, ur tëëiç, twäa g waman, tëëç.

2. tggur, tççuvuë adan nns.

3. tçwa aman, ur tuff.

tiwafitin

(62)

61

tara d tmça

tlla yat tmïïuät ar tssgma yat trbibt tamççyant ism nns tara. tudja tt d tmïïuät tamzwarut n urgaz nns. ku ass, tsxub as tmïïuät aäu i tara.

yan wass, tnna tmïïuät gr as d yixf nns:

«ad aznv tara ad d tzdm g udrar. Dinnav, ad tt tamç tamça, ad tt tettc, hnnav digs.»

llig d yuli wass, tskkr d tmïïuät tara sg yiïs, tnna as :

«ur vurnv iqqimi ma s nssiviy timssi a illi. hat iqqan km d ad tddud ad av d tawid ca n ikccuän sg udrar»

ur tviy tara ad as tini uhu i tmïïuät n babas, tkkr tddu vr udrar.

ar tzddm allig tvli tafuyt, tsmun yat tzdmt tamqqrant, tasi tt, tmun d ubrid ittawin s yivrm.

iççay wagåa xf tadawt n tara, ar tteddu vas s ttawil. äëant vifs tillas ur yad tssid datas.

Imiq, tffv as d tmça mi qqarn tarir. tnna as i tara :

«yuwi d ëbbi imnsi inu! ad km tcv! hat inva iyi laç.»

tëëç d tara ca g ukcciä n tzdmt, tãuä vifs g ifassn nns, tav digs tmssi.

tara, d ticirrit tamççyant ivudan, tssiv timssi g tdiklt n ifassn nns ar ttãuä vf trggin !

tgåd tmça acku ur tviy ad ttc ticirrit d trggin g ufus nns! Tggami tmça ma tqqar i unçar ad issxsi tirggin g ufus n tcirrit nnav, maca, iãuä waäu g trggin, irnu ujajip n tmssi gr ifassn n tcirrit. trwl tmça,tmmt s tawda.

tazmrt imqqurn ay illan vur tara, ticirrit tamççyant ivudan!

tavul tara tmun d ubrid ittawin vr uxxam nns.

llig nn tuwä taddart, tals as i tmïïuät n babas aynna as ijëan. tgåd awd nttat. ur yad tviy ad as tsxub aäu.

zrin isgåasn, tmqqur tara, tawl, ilin vurs icirran ivudan, ddrn g lman d lhna.

lapbib fuad

tanfust

tamça : ttrhu, tarir. timssi : afa, takat.

tidiklt : uraw, urawn. ajajip : apmadju.

tawda : ism sg umyag «gåd».

amawal

(63)

agadir

nkka kullu timizar yat ïïëf n yat kullu ma ad nkka s uäaë, nkka tn s lfëp zun d lhna n ugadir ur ili anaw

walaynni tamazirt, mla yufa yan

ad gis iskr tamazirt nns, arun arraw a mar ibnan agadir s imcä n tammnt ig asn tigjda s usvar nnk a rripan ig as aæfaf s tibinãët, tlup aman tiflwin tin jjaj, lqfl win n nnqqrt tasarut n ddahab, ifili win lmlf ukan ifk ak a bab n äëaft tasarut

amarg n taëëayst rqyya talbnsirt, 1968.

Ayyih awa a atbir

ma rad tskrt i uãiyyaä

var imutr æn Ar iklla v udrar

Ar inssa v udrar Acku kyyi a f imdi tlla giti tawda n ëëãaã lli dars rad k yut, zluzzun k Ayyih awa a aålif ma rad tskrt

izznza k bab n taddart Urta tssn tazzwit is tnzit a aålif.

Amarg n ëëayã bizmawn, 1975.

izlan

(64)

tasugrt 5 : assullvt xf inmvurn n umzruy azayku Asntl d usurs n umsawaä: inmvurn n umzruy azayku

tizmmar n umsawaä

u

ad çëv arratn, ssufvv d invmisn gisn illan.

u

ad afv anmvur xf d iwin invmisn ad.

u

ad afv akud d udvar izdin akd invmisn.

u

ad ssudsv invmisn sg umqqran ar amç^çyan.

u

ad ssullvtv xf yan unmvur nni ssnv.

tizmmar n tvri

u

ad vrv, skuv anamk n uäëiã amssullvt.

u

ad aæzv awrik nna xf illa unvmis.

u

ad wcv invmisn xf wakud d udvar n uwrik.

u

ad fkv invmisn illan xf uwrik.

u

ad ssudsv aäëiã amssullvt.

tizmmar n tjëëumt d usfti

1. taj^ëëumt

u

ad rmsv, sniyv tiwinas s imçlayn imskann.

u

ad rmsv, sniyv tiwinas s imqqimn imskann.

2. asfti

u

ad ssftiv imyagn g warusmid.

tizmmar n tirra

u

ad ssudsv aäëiã amssullvt.

u

ad ariv aäëiã amssullvt.

63

(65)

64 tasugrt 5 : assullvt xf inmvurn n umzruy azayku

amsawa^^ä

tamddurt n yuba wiss sin

ilul g usg^åas 52 dat n tlalit n lmasip g ifriqya n yi^ççlmä.

in^bä xf kigan n tmizar g muëiïan.

ittwassn s tussna nns tamqqrant g igran n tskla d umzruy d trkyulujit.

ittwassn s udlis nns «libika» issawaln xf tmurt n imazivn.

immut g wattayn n 23 dffir n tlalit n lmasip.

iddza ugllid yuba wiss sin iqaëiän s yism nns d yism n tmvart nns kliyubaïëa silini, illis n tgllidt n miãëa tazaykut.

yuba wiss sin agllid amusnaw

takaëäa tazaykut n ifriqya n yiççlmä

(66)

tasugrt 5 : assullvt xf inmvurn n umzruy azayku

65 1. ad iniv man anaw n warratn illan g tasna n uçlmaä.

2. ad iniv ma ismunn jar warratn ad.

3. ad iniv is jjin çëiv zun d arratn ad. ad iniv mani.

1. ad çëv arra amzwaru, ssufvv d invmisn gis illan.

2. ad çëv arra wiss sin, ssufvv d invmisn gis illan.

3. ad çëv arra wiss këaä, ssufvv d invmisn gis illan.

4. ad ssudsv invmisn s tbridt ad : - ism n unmvur;

- ma ad iga;

- akud d udvar n tlalit nns;

- akud g immut;

- tamazirt xf inbä;

- ma s ittwassn;

- ism n tmvart nns d ma ad tga;

- ivrman n tgldit.

ad ^ ssullvtv xf unmvur nna ssnv.

ad ur ttuv ad fkv invmisn : 1. xf yism nns;

2. xf ma ad iga;

3. xf milmi ilul;

4. xf mani g ilul;

5. xf min igga g tudrt nns;

6. xf s mi ittwassn.

amsawa^^ä

ad çëv

ad ssnv ad ssullvtv

ad ssullvtv

aqaëiä n

ugllid yuba wiss sin

(67)

iga masinisa amzwaru agllid amqqran g umzruy amaziv azayku. ilul g usg^åas n 238 dat n tlalit n lmasip, g tgldit n masil. tuva t d argaz idusn. ittmnva xf tmurt nns ar

tingira n tudrt nns. ittwassn s tnaka n iysan d ufrag d tayri n tmazirt nns.

umi yumç tanbaät, yufa masinisa kigan n tmnaäin n tmazirt nns g ifassn n umddurruy n i^ëumaniyn d umddurruy n iqëïajn.

awarni n waïïaã n imnvan, ismun timna^^äin ad, isku yat n tgldit taxatart.

isvuda masinisa tudrt n ugdud nns. isbuvla tadamsa n tgldit nns s ussmvr n ufars n imndi d uzatim d idqqi.

issugt inyalkamn imzznzayn akd tmizar yaän.

Anaruz n masinisa : tilelli d tamunt n ifriqya n yiçlmä. llig

immut g usgåas 148 dat n lmasip, iska as ugdud nns yan usmäl imqqurn g tmnaät n yivrm n qããnïin. da ttinin ittwassn masinisa amzwaru s wawal nns:

«ifriqya i ifriqiyn».

masinisa amzwaru

tivri

takaëäa tazaykut n uzmz n masinisa

(68)

67 ad ssiriwv amawal inu

amddurruy : amakkas n tmizar.

tuva t : ikka tt inn.

argaz idusn : argaz iãpan.

tanaka : tanaya (sg umyag «niy». «niy xf wayyis»).

awarni : dffir, äaët.

inyalkamn imzznzayn : tasbbabt ngr tmizar.

asbuvlu : asmvr, asugt.

issugt : isxatr, igga s waïïaã.

Anaruz : asitm.

amawal

tivri

ad d ssufvv sg uäëiã invmisn : - xf tnkda n unmvur.

- xf tiggawin n unmvur.

- xf unaruz n unmvur.

ad afv ma ad ibäan d ma ad ismunn ngr yuba wiss sin d masinisa.

ad ssnv asnay n uäëiã

1. g man tafult nttaf invmisn xf tnkda n unmvur?

2. g man tafult nttaf invmisn xf tiggawin n unmvur?

3. g man tafult nttaf invmisn xf tmitar 4. man anaw iga uäëiã ad?nns?

armas

asm^äl n masinisa

(69)

tajëëumt

1. imçlayn imskann

argaz ad irgazn ad tamvart ad timvarin ad

argaz a irgazn a tamvart a timvarin a

argaz ann irgaznann tamvart ann timvarin ann

argaz inn irgazn inn tamvart inn timvarin inn

ad çëv

ad ssnv

ad sniyv

- llan sin n wanawn n imçlayn imskann :

1- imçlayn imskann n wadas niv n twaçit (ad, a) 2- imçlayn imskann n tsaggugt niv n usig^åj (ann, inn).

- ur da ttmsasan imçlayn ad akd wassavn nna d ttmunn.

ad vrv tiwinas, smdv tnt s imçlayn imskann d yusan 1. anlmad ... illan tama inu, vurs adlis n umzruy.

2. tfulki tdabut ... illan ngratnv.

3. adlis ... illan g ifassn inu, issawal xf ugllid masinisa.

4. tapnjirt ... ibddn dat n tpanut inn, txs ad tsv alug.

5. ur zmirv ad awäv idlisn ... illan g tsdlist.

6. imudar ... iqqnn g turtit, ran tilelli.

(70)

69

tajëëumt

2. imqqimn imskann

argaz ad wad irgazn ad wid tamvart ad tad timvarin ad tid argaz a wa irgazn a yina tamvart a ta timvarin a tina

argaz ann wann irgazn ann winn tamvart ann tann timvarin ann tinn argaz inn winn irgazn inn yininn tamvart inn tinn timvarin inn tininn

ad ssnv

ad sniyv

ttilin imqqimn imskann g udvar n wassav.

amdya:

tirbatin ad, llant g tdala tid, llant g tdala.

tarbat a, ism nns tifawt ta, ism nns tifawt.

ad smdv tiwinas s imqqimn imskann d yusan : 1. islmadn ann, zdvn g xnifra

..., zdvn g xnifra 2. tislmadin inn, zdvnt g taza.

..., zdvnt g taza.

3. aslmad a, isslmd anv amzruy n lmvrib.

..., isslmd anv amzruy n lmvrib.

4. tafruxt ad, ar bahra tettiri ijddign.

..., ar bahra ttiri ijddign.