PHUBBING BEHAVIOUR AND PHUBBING IRRITATION IN THE CONTEXT OF PARENT-CHILD INTERACTION
Drs. Floor Denecker, prof. Koen Ponnet, prof. Lieven De Marez
PREVIOUS RESEARCH Parent-child phubbing Previous research:
Focus on parent as phubber
Consequences:
Parent-child interactions Relationship satisfaction Personal well-being
Communication problems
Previous research:
Focus on phubbing behaviour
THIS RESEARCH
But, needed:
(1) Also child as phubber Because:
Social learning perspective
(2) More crucial role of phubbing irritation Because:
Expectancy violation theory
So, this research examines:
> Habits of the mother
> Compulsive internet use of the mother
> Phubbing behaviour of the mother
> Phubbing behaviour of the child
> Phubbing irritation of the mother
> Phubbing irritation of the child
HABIT M
CIU M
AGE M
PHUBBING BEHAVIOUR M-C
PHUBBING BEHAVIOUR C-M
PHUBBING IRRITATION M-C
PHUBBING IRRITATION C-M
Only mothers
Mean = 43.94 y/o (SD = 5.70)
METHOD
Survey (n = 177): Parental perspective about
> Parental habits (De Grove et al., 2017)
> Parental compulsive internet use (CIU) (Meerkerk, 2007)
> Parental phubbing behaviour (M-C) (adapted from Roberts & David,
2016)
> Children’s phubbing behaviour (C-M)
(adapted from Roberts & David,2016)
> Parental phubbing irritation (M-C)
(adapted from Roberts & David, 2016)> Children’s phubbing irritation (C-M)
(adapted from Roberts & David, 2016)[12 – 17 y/o]
Mean = 14.27 y/o (SD = 1.74) 52.00 % (n = 92)
De volgende vragen gaan over u en uw kind…
… en focussen op uw smartphonegebruik. (M-C) (n = 5)
… en focussen op het smartphonegebruik van het kind. (C-M) (n = 5)
> Hoe vaak doet onderstaande situatie zich voor? (behaviour)
… en focussen op uw smartphonegebruik. (M-C) (n = 5)
… en focussen op het smartphonegebruik van het kind. (C-M) (n = 5)
> Hoe storend vindt u onderstaand gedrag? (irritation)
MEASURES
Subscale No. Items Cronbach’s alpha M S.D
HABIT M 3 .90 3.78 .88
CIU M 7 .84 1.52 .53
PHUBBING BEHAVIOUR M-C 5 .83 2.01 .68
PHUBBING BEHAVIOUR C-M 5 .91 2.86 .95
PHUBBING IRRITATION M-C 5 .84 4.38 .92
PHUBBING IRRITATION C-M 5 .92 3.56 1.25
CORRELATION TABLE
HABIT M CIU M PHUBBING BEHAVIOUR
M-C
PHUBBING BEHAVIOUR
C-M
PHUBBING IRRITATION
M-C
PHUBBING IRRITATION
C-M
HABIT M -
CIU M 0.41** -
PHUBBING BEHAVIOUR
M-C 0.40** 0.61** -
PHUBBING BEHAVIOUR
C-M 0.25** 0.16 0.26** -
PHUBBING IRRITATION
M-C -0.11 -0.27** -0.41** 0.16 -
PHUBBING IRRITATION
C-M -0.01 0.00 0.01 -0.29** 0.43** -
* Significant at 0.05 level
** Significant at 0.01 level
Fit indices : χ2(471)= 738.110, p < .001; CFI = .908;
RMSEA = .060 (CI: .051 - .068); SRMR = .082
STRUCTURAL MODEL
HABIT M
CIU M
AGE M
AGE C
GENDER C
PHUBBING
BEHAVIOUR M-C
PHUBBING
BEHAVIOUR C-M
PHUBBING
IRRITATION M-C
PHUBBING
IRRITATION C-M
R² = .43
R² = .14
R² = .21
R² = .17 β = -.42**
β = -.46**
β = .20*
INTERPRETATION:
Also habitual aspect in phubbing behaviour
Habits of mothers explain children’s phubbing behaviour (~ social learning theory) Expectancy violation theory:
Irritation negatively predicted by someone’s own phubbing behaviour.
Own behaviour construct norms and expectations
> more phubbing behaviour > smartphone use in parent-child interaction = normal > less irritation
> less phubbing behaviour > no smartphone use in parent-child interaction = normal > more irritation
DISCUSSION & CONCLUSION
> Suggestion of social learning: role of mothers’ (smartphone) habits
> Need for dyadic studies: perspective of the children
> Further investigation of link phubbing behaviour – phubbing irritation: role of expectancy violations?
Goal: developing parental awareness of being a smartphone role model
References:
Aagaard, J. (2019). Digital akrasia: A qualitative study of phubbing. AI & SOCIETY. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-019-00876-0
Al-Saggaf, Y., & O’Donnell, S. B. (2019). Phubbing: Perceptions, reasons behind, predictors, and impacts. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 1(2), 132–140. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbe2.137
Chotpitayasunondh, V., & Douglas, K. (2016). How “phubbing” becomes the norm: The antecedents and consequences of snubbing via smartphone.
Computers in Human Behavior, 63, 9–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.05.018
Jago, R., Sebire, S. J., Lucas, P. J., Turner, K. M., Bentley, G. F., Goodred, J. K., Fox, K. R. (2013). Parental modelling, media equipment and screen- viewing among young children: Cross-sectional study. BMJ Open, 3(4), e002593. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2013-002593
Roberts, J., & David, M. (2016). My life has become a major distraction from my cell phone: Partner phubbing and relationship satisfaction among romantic partners. Computers in Human Behavior, 54, 134–141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.07.058
