HAL Id: inria-00069991
https://hal.inria.fr/inria-00069991
Submitted on 19 May 2006
HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access
archive for the deposit and dissemination of
sci-entific research documents, whether they are
pub-lished or not. The documents may come from
teaching and research institutions in France or
abroad, or from public or private research centers.
L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est
destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents
scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non,
émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de
recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires
publics ou privés.
ELIESER : User Manual
Nicolas Merlet, Josiane Zerubia
To cite this version:
Nicolas Merlet, Josiane Zerubia. ELIESER : User Manual. [Technical Report] RT-0180, INRIA. 1995,
pp.19. �inria-00069991�
a p p o r t
INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET EN AUTOMATIQUE
ELIESER : USER MANUAL
Nicolas MERLET , Josiane ZERUBIA
N˚ 0180
Septembre 1995
"!#%$'&(#*),+.-0/ 1 2 354768#9$;:=<?>A@B+C+
DFE2GIHEKJMLNL7OQP'RTSUGVWGXCY[Z]\^OI_`YaL JHIOOKX%b YdceY[Gf DFE2GMgCOKX%DhJceXCY[c
SiJMjkjWGECX*X2OmlCnkfkY[Z]\^OUfo]p qrp.RtsuOvjkXvOvLVwE2OQqxIxIyR qx"jJHIOmc
z|{8}m~MkI~I(h We s SF XCEKJlKXCYdGfwO Y[Hf^OmcUce\kE L JH cQskJMXvOvaYaX2O'Jvb]Oml"\kf^O f^OvEvHYdO jJMEUSUOmHYdGf5c2hY[cUJ.cCGX%JMEvO9GEUkOKX2OlKXCYaf^H"aYf5Oc?Gfc2JMX2OKaYaX2OUYL JHIOmcm X%nJc*VWOmOvfkOKb]Ova GjWOigCGYaf`XA7JMX S e suGjknkYJM f`XCYajWGY[c(JMf^ JMXXAn^O%UOKVkE2OK %fkYab]OKE2ceYaX¡.GW¢ OvEA\^c2JM[OvL£_ JMf^ YaLNjkdOKL7Ovf X2Om\^ceYaf^H¥¤GXCY l ¦ Yf§J¨jJlC©]JHIO¥Yb Y[Ovi7kOKb]Ov[GjWOªJMX e S *«¨O jkE2OmcCOKf`X?n^OvEvOvYaf|YaX2c*Yaf`XvOvEC¡JlO¬ ®¬¯W°e±=²^³8}¬´( 0 s S'_w¤GXCYa_¬aYf5Oc%wOvX2OmlKXCYdGf8_`c2JMX2OKaYXvO9YaL JHIOc µ[¶.· ¸¡¹¡ºm» · ¸F¼¾½¿¹ÀÁK ÃÄMÅÇÆ8ÈÉKÊ ËiÈWÌvƾÍÌ2Ê Î ÅÇÌ2ÏÐÏÐÑUÆÒMÍÓÍÉKÊ Î ÔCÕÖmÑ"Ì2×ؾÙ`ÚÛ8ÜÃÝ[Þ"ßFÜmÃáàKÊâÌ2×ÎäãdÙÓÊ Ôe×åâÄMÝaÚÆÊâÌ2ÔÏÐÅÜåÅÐÔe×mÎ ÅçæåäèwÉKÝ ÉKÍÔeÊâÌ2Î ÅÐÉK×Iéâê
® } ®=( We s S F XAEKJlvXAYdGfkO YdHf^Omc%ce\wE L JH ciskJMX2OKaYaX2OQJvb]Oml"\kf^O f^OvEvHYdO jJMEQS OmHYdGf^cv9OmceXi\kfjkEvGIHEKJMLNL O'kO OvX2OmlKXCYdGfwO"Y[Hf^OmcUce\kEiYaL|JHIOmcUc2JMX2OKaYaXKJMYaE2OcM (J
OKX O7OKb]Ov[GjkjONlmGfIgCGYaf`XvOvL7OKf`XJN e S suGjknkYJM f`XCYajWGY[c.kEKJMf^lmOÓ%OvXJ %fwYb]OKE2ceYaX O OKVkEKJMY[Z¬\^ONkO'¢OvEC\5c2JMdOKL ceEKJOKK_5OKX;Yaf X OmHE ONcCG\^c'¤GXCY ¦l ^JMf^cU\kfñce1cXOKL O Yb Y[Ovi OKb]Ov[GjkjOJ" S e G\^cUOKf|jkEOcCOKf X2Gf^c*Y[lvYWYaf`XvOvEC¡JlO¬
! #"%$'&)(+*+,'"-&
( 0 s S F XCEKJlKXCYdGfNwO Y[Hf^Omc(ce\kE L|JH c?skJMX2OKaYaX2O*JKb]Ol%\wf^O f^OKE2HY[O*jJMEäSUOHY[Gf^c2 Ydc JácAGX¡9JME2O|GE wOvX2OmlKXCYf5HaYaf^OcNGf c2JMX2OKaYaX2O YaL JHIOcm
XNY[c VJcAO¥Gf1 fJMLNYdl|jwE2G HEKJMLNLNYf^Hu_ JMf GjwXCYLNY/.MJMXAYdGfL7OKXCn^G %nkY[lCn7lGf^cYdceXvcFG0wO10kfwYf^HQJij0GXvOvf XCYJMkkOKjWOvf^uYf^H Gf XAn^O%dG lÓJMlCnJMEKJlKX2OvEAYdceXAYdlmc(G0XCn5O%YL JHIO¬_1JMf^NGýjWOvEA GECLNYf5HJMf7YaX2OvEJMXCYb]O9ce\kLNL JMXCYdGfw LNYfkYaLNY2.ÓJMXCY[GfjwE2G`lmOmcCcmM¤GE2OFjkE2OmlvY[cCOK`_ ( 0 s SO
X2OKf^kcXCn^O 3%JM[HIGECYXAnkL G 8Y[cClCnk[OvE YfX¡?G.1YaE2OlKXCY[Gf^cm
8YaE2ceXÓ_1XCn^OijWGX2Ovf XCYJM0Y[cUkO0kf^OmGfcCOKb]OvEJMýjWGYf X2c"54Ðq6¡_7498:6K<;?nkYdc;JM[GUcUX2GNlmGLVkYaf^O YfñXCn^ONc2JML7O7lGIceX'XCn^O.f^GXCY[Gf^c'G%lmGf`XCEJceXÓ_ýHE2OK` [Ovb]OK9JMf^¨lK\kECb]JMXA\kE2O¬ýs1OlmGf^W_ ( We s S \5cCOciJMfñJM\kXvGL|JMXAYdliL7OvXCn5G`=49 :6ý GEQkO0kfkYaf^HXCn5OjWGX2OKf`XCYJM[ciJc9XAn^OYaf`b]OKE2cCO'G(XCn^O lGf51YXAYdGfJMjkEvGVJMVkYaYaXCY[Oc?GFlGf XCEKJcXUJMf^HEvOv dOKb]OK8JM[Gf^H.YfwYXCYJMYaf^OicCOmHL7Ovf X2cm
kOKj0GIcYX'G ( 0 s S nJc"VWOmOvfñL|JwO JMX=XCn^O D(D>4P?6â X"nJc'V0OmOKf kOKb]Ov[GjWO gCGYaf`XCaJMX e S s1GjknkYJM f XCYjWGaYdc;JMf^JMX%XCn5OUOKVkE2OK %fkYab]OvEvceYX GF¢`OKEC\^cvJMdOKL£_uJMf5 YLNjk[OKL OKf X2ON\^ceYaf^H.¤GXCYa ¦l YafJ"jJlC©]JHIO7Yab`Y[OvkOKb]Ov[GjWOJMX S e
"!"- " $ " ( « n5Ovf7EC\kfkfwYf^HiXCn^O?jJlC©]JHIO¬_uJ#0kE2ceX(L7Ovf \ JMjkjWOMJMEvc;8Y[Hu1qKUf^OUcen5G\kdNlKY[lC©N%YaXCnNXCn^O L7G\^cCOQGf ²^w³ 8Y[H\kE2O'q fwYXCYJML7Ovf \
;*n^OKf¾_ýJ XvOvLNjWGEKJMEC9Yf^wGJMjkjWOMJME2ci GE'cCOKdOmlvXAYf^HNXCn^OYafkjk\wX 0wdO¬
XQY[cceYaLNYJMEQX2G XCn^O.Gf^O7JMjkjWOÓJMECYaf^H Yaf 8Y[Hu0PJMf^ YX'G! OvEvc"XCn^OjWGIcCceYaVkYaYaXG*fJKb`Y[H]JMXCYaf^H|XCnwE2G\^Hn XCn^O 1YaE2OlKX2GECY[Omc%Jc*?Ova¡
« n5OvfN%ECYaXCYaf^HUXCn^OäfJML7O%G¾J1YaE2OmlvX2GEA| OKf^kOm"V #" 3I¾YafNXCn^O%$'& d~M®
%Yaf^kGm JMf5jkE2Omce ceYaf^H XAn^O$'& d~Ó® Vk\kXCX2Gf8_ XCn5OlGf X2OKf`XiG(XCnwYdcU1YaE2OmlvXvGECJMjkjWOÓJME2cUYfXAn^O($'& ® } %Yaf^kGm' XvOvECf0JMXCYb]OKa]_`Gf^OUL Jv lCn^G GIcCOQJ1YaE2OlKX2GEC.V 7lvaY[lC©`Yaf^H"XCn5O ® ) ~{W~~Ó²+* G¾XCn^OUL7G\^cCO Gf7Gf^O*G^XCn5O*1YaE2OmlvX2GEAYdOmcýYaf.XCn^O-,.& ® I~M²^ & ® } 9Yf^wGJMf^jkEvOcCcYf^H%XAn^O/$'& d~Ó® Vk\kXCXvGf¾ s1OKdOmlvXAYf^H=J 0k[O%L JvNVWO;GVwXKJMYf5O.V lKaYdlC© Yf5H"XCn^O ® ) ~{0~m~Ó²+* G¾XCn^O%L7G\^cCOUGfGf^OiG XCn^O#0kdOmc%YafXCn^O$0& ®`} %Yaf^kG GEiV |%EAYXCYaf^H.YaX2c%jJMXCnJMf5f0JML OQYfXAn^O ²^k³ & 21^® %Yaf^kG
GX2O 0Yaf 8Y[Hu0Pu_WXAn^O%Yaf^kG Y[c\^cCOmáGEJMf´GXCn^OKE"jk\kEAj0GIcAO.JMf^áXAn^O ²^k³ &á21^® %Yaf^kGm Y[c%lMJMa[O|XAn^OvEvO3 0~540~ & 21^®
« n5OvfJ 0wdOinJc*VWOmOvfcCOv[OmlvX2OmW_`XCn^OilCn^GY[lmOY[cb]JMaYd5JMX2O7V` jkE2OmcCceYaf^H"XCn5O376Vk\kXCX2Gf8 s1lKE2GaYaf^H¨XCn^OlmGf X2Ovf XG'XCn^Ob]JMEAYdG\^c7%Yaf^kG;c \kj JMf^ wG%f L|JK¥V0OGVkXJMYf^Om¥V` L7Gb Yf^H7XCn^O"L7G\^cAO|%YaXCn & ³8³ ®£{ 0~~Ó²+* jkE2OmcCcCOm^UGfáXAn^O"ECY[Hn`Xib]OKECXCY[lMJM VJMEÓ_0GEQV` lvaY[lC©`Yaf^H XAn^O &³8³ ® {0~m~M²+* GfXCn^O.JMEAE2GUci%nkY[lCn 0^H\kE2O JMX;XAn^O"X2GjñJMf^VWGXCX2GL G XCn^OiVJMEÓ
X2OKEicCOKdOmlKXCYf5HXCn^OiYfkjw\kX 0k[OI_J.cCOlmGf^L7OKf`\JMjwj0OÓJME2cm_1%nkY[lCn1Y[cejkJvuc%XCn^OiYL JHIO Jc%*OKa*8Y[Hu8I Uf^O"cen5G\kdlvaYdlC© %YaXCnXCn^OiL7G\^cCOQGf98 ~ & &~ &® } X2OKLNj0GEJMEC L7OKf`\ JMjkjWOMJMEvcm_m9n^OvEvO XAn^O ( We s ScCGX9JME2OhY[cFJlKXCYab]JMX2OmV lKY[lC©`Yaf^HUGf 7²^k³8}U³ ®¬~Ó®`I~ & ²+*
«n^Ovf ( 0 s SnJcVWOmOvf7cCOK[OlKX2OmW_¬YXvchL7OKf`\NY[c*1Y[cejkJv]Om£ 8YdHu IK_1JMf5 XCn^O%Yafk GEA L JMXCYdGff^OOmkOm GE?EC\kfkfwYf^H'YXUlÓJMfVWOUjkE2Gmb`Y[kOm|V`7XCn^OU\^cAOvEÓ_1GEQJM\kXvGL|JMXAYdlÓJMa`
, "-1 " 8YEvceXÓ_wXCn5OfJML7O.G*XCn^O.G\wXCjk\kX 0k[O.cen^G\k[V0OjwE2Gb YdwOW9f^ONlKY[lC©ucGf 3 0~540~ JMf5 cCOKdOmlvXvcJ 0k[O.Yf J|X2OKL jWGEKJMEA%Yf5kG 8Y[HuWP]WDF[OMJcAO cCOmO
° |®¬~m~ & * 1 }m~MkÓ~M® ³ GE O jkJMfJMXCY[Gf^c(GfNn^G¥X2GQcCOKdOmlvX?J 0kdO¬;?n^O%G\kXCjw\kXFYL JHIO*9Ya^lmGf`XKJMYaf.XCn^O?YfkYaXCYJM1YaL JHIOI_ Gf%nkY[lCnXCn5O;wOvX2OmlKX2O7Yaf^Omc%JME2OQcen^Gm%fYaf%nkYaX2O¬
L Jce©NL|JK VWOQcCOKdOmlvXvO7ceYaL YaJMEC`_`V` lKY[lC©`Yaf^H.Gf k}
6F_kJlmlGEv1Yf5H"X2GXCn^OQJMjkjwYa lMJMXAYdGf¾ G.L Jce© L JK VWOQcCOv[OmlvX2Om Jc%*OK¡
*J7L|Jc©Ydci\^cCOmW_kYX'cen^G\k[VWO.J VkYafJMECYL JHIO"%n5OvE2O'XCn^O"f^Gfw .OKE2G b`JM\^Omcicen^Gm E2OmHYdGf^ci%n^OKE2O"XAn^OE2G]JkcQcen^G\k[f^GX'HIGu_Wc\^lCn JciXCn^O=cCOMJ _ýGE'ce\^lCn´Jc;EvOHY[Gf^cQG\kX2ceY[kO G%XCn^O7lÓJML OKEKJ 0^OK[W f XAn^O. G[G9Yf^Hu_ýXCn^O.jWGX2OKf`XAYJMäcen^G\wd¨n0Jvb]ONdGmb]JM\5Oc'GfXCn^O E2G]JkciJMf^GE%XCn^OQlCnJMEKJlKX2OKECYdcXCYdlmc*GFXAn^O;EvG]Jkcm_5JMf5|nkY[Hnb]JM\5Oc*YafE2OmHY[Gf^c%%n^OKE2OiXCn^O E2G]Jkc%cn^G\k[ f^GX9HIGXCnkE2G\^Hn8]«n^OKfJ"L Jce©NY[c*\^cCOmW_1JMfYaf0kfkYaX2O%b]JMa\^OUY[c*HYab]OvfXvGXCn^O jWGX2Ovf XCYJMWGfXCn^OmcCOUE2OmHYdGf^cM
8Y[Hu`yUcen^G;c XAn^OL7OKf`\NG ( 0 s S JMX2OvEJMf G\wXCjk\kX8YaL JHIO*nJc8VWOmOvfNcCOK[OlKX2OmW_JMf5 %n^OKf|f^G.L Jce©7Ydcä\^cCOmW
, "-1 " "%$ - "-
;*n^OUO XAE2OvLNYaXCY[OcFGWXCn^O%aYf5Ocäcen^G\k[.XCn^OKfNV0OUcAOv[OlKX2OmW«ñOUjJMECXCYaXCY[Gf XAn^O%O XCEvOvLNYaXCYdOmc8Yaf X¡?GcCOKX2cäGýjWGYaf`X2cQJMf^ %n^OKE2OUOÓJlCn|E2G]J GEaYaf^OUcCG\^Hn X*nJcäGf^OiO
XCEvOvLNYaX¡Yaf JMf^|XCn5O;GXAn^OvE;Gf^O;Yaf m
;*n^O7f`\wLVWOvE=GUj0GYaf X2c"YafXCn^O7cCOvX GEKJMjkjWOÓJME2cNJMX2OKE ~M® &~2¯ GE ~Ó® & ~2¯ K fkYaXCYJMa]_.mOKE2GQJMjkjWOMJME2c JMX8VWGXCn"[G lMJMXCY[Gf^cm fXCn^OF GadGm%Yaf^H%*O(jkE2OmcCOKf`X GfkaXCn^OijJMECXiG(XCn^OQL7Ovf \%nkY[lCn?OkOÓJMý%YaXCn JMXiOÓJlCnácX2Ovj8_ %nwY[O 8Y[Hu5yNcen^GmUcUXCn^O lGLNjk[OKX2OUL OKf \G ( 0 s S'
^GE=Jk1Yaf^HJMfñO XCE2OKLNYX`_5Gf^O.cen^G\wdL7Gb]OXCn^OL7G\^cAO ²+* ~ý® & á21^® _wjWGIceYaXCYdGf YXQGfXCn^O=kOcYE2OmjWGYf XÓ_JMf^lvaYdlC©£Gf£XAn^O ® ) ~{0~m~Ó²+* GhXAn^O"L7G\^cCOQ GE'Jk1Yaf^H XAnkYdc jWGYf XXvG JMf5¨Gf¨XAn^O &1^~{0~m~Ó²+* GE=Jk1Yaf^H YaX"XvG ;*n^O.lmG GE21YafJMX2OmcG?XCn^O cCOKdOmlvXvO¥jWGYf XÓ_ %nwYdlCn JMjkjWOMJME7YfXCn^OcL|JMaU%Yaf^kGmUc JMf^GXCn5OYL JHIOL7Ovf \¾_ JME2O XAn^Ovf lGjkY[Om¨YfXAn^O 9Yf^wGUcG 7GENG%XCn^O ( 0 s SL7OKf`\¾ ;*n^ONf \kLVWOvE JMjkjWOMJMEAYf^HNJMX2OvE ~Ó® &~2¯ GE ~M® &~2¯ ! Y[cUJM\kX2GL JMXCY[lÓJMa \wj05JMX2Oý 8YdHu
cn^GUc%XAn^OYaL JHIOL7Ovf \JMf^XAn^OjJMEAXiGFXCn^O h We s S L7Ovf \%nkY[lCnkOÓJM[c99YXCnXCn^O Yaf^OQO
XCE2OKLNYXAYdOmcm
«n^OvfL JMf |jWGYf X2ciJME2O'cCOKdOmlvXvOW_^Gf^OL JK%Y[cenX2G7cClvEvG¾\kj JMf^kGm%fXCn^OJMEAEKJv G0jWGYaf`Xvcm_ÓV .L7Gb Yf^HiXCn^O?L G\5cCO"%YaXCn &³8³ ®N{0~m~M²+* jkEvOcCcAO^8GfNXCn5O*ECY[Hn`X(b]OKECXCY[lMJM VJMEÓ_kGE%V |lKY[lC© Yf^H.GfXCn^O'JMECE2G;c*%nkY[lCn 0^H\wE2O"JMX9XCn^OUX2GjJMf^ V0GXAX2GLG8XCn^OUVJME
8Y[H\kE2O
w1Yf5H.Jj0GYaf X*X2GNs1p
^GE(E2OKL Gmb`Yaf^HQJMfNO XCEvOvLNYaX¡`_ÓGf5O%cen^G\k[L7Gb]O*XAn^OhL7G\^cAO ²+*£~"ý®Nk¬¯² ) 4(² & *w~Ó} G GE# K_5jWGIceYaXCY[Gf£XAn^OL7G\^cCO.Gf XCn^O.kOmceYaE2OjWGYaf`XÓ_ýJMf5álKY[lC©X%YdlmO.Gf XCn^O[OvX Vk\kXCXvGfG8XCn5O9L7G\^cAOI;*nkY[cjWGYaf`X?Ydc*XAn^Ovf L JMEC©]O Yff5OH]JMXCYab]ON8YdHu IK
;*n^OKf¾_^Gf^O.cen^G\k[lKY[lC©GfXCn^O ³8® ®]~Ó® Vk\kXCXvGflGEAE2Ocj0Gf51Yf5H=XvG GE$ 8Y[Hu rIK;*n^OUjWGYf X*b]JMfwYdcen5OcäE2GLXCn^OQJMECEJv`_5JMf^7XCn^OUf`\wLVWOvE;JMjkjWOMJMECYaf^H.JMX2OvE ~Ó® &~2¯ GE ~M® & ~2¯ ! hY[cUJM\kXvGL|JMXAYdlÓJMaN\kjW^JMX2OmW
;*n^OijkE2GIHEJMLL Jv VWO;EC\wfGfkaJMXvOvEiJMfG\wXCjk\kX 0kdOinJc%VWOmOvfcj0OmlKY0^OmW_1JMf^JMX2OvE JMX%[OMJceX;Gf^O;jWGYaf`X?nJc*VWOmOvfcAOv[OlKX2Om GE 'JMf^Gf5O;jWGYaf`X? GE
8YdH\kEvO ¤JMEC©`Yaf^H.JjWGYaf`X9G(s1p
- " & " #"-
*OKdGm XCn5O£O XCE2OKL YaXCY[OcM_¾?Oácen5G\kdkO0kf^OXCn5Oj0GXvOvf XCYJMUYfXCn^OL7Ovf \¾ ;*n5OHIOvf^OKEKJM jWGX2Ovf XCYJM(YdcQXCn^O7ce\kL G*XAnkE2OmO lmGLNjWGf^Ovf X2c WXAn^ONlv\kEAb]JMXC\kE2OjWGX2OKf XCYJM¡_0XCn^ONHE2OK` [OKb]Ov jWGX2Ovf XCYJMâ_kJMf^ XCn^OilGf XCEKJcX%jWGX2Ovf XCYJMâ
Uf^OL Jv=%ECYaX2O*JUb]JMa\^OGEFXCn^O ¾11~ ý® lmGf^ceXCEKJMYaf X%8Y[Hu¬xIK fkYaXCYJMaQYXFY[cFOZ]\JM X2GNJ.kOKâJM\kaXb]JMa\^O¬ 8YdH\kEvOx ¤JMf`\JMjWGX2OKf`XAYJM Uf XCn5O%c2JML7O%Yaf^OUJc(XCn^O ý1u~ý® _XAn^OvEvOY[c*JiVk\kXCX2Gf ²^k³ ² W~ 4W~ YXäY[c f5GX jkE2OmcCcCOmW_1XCn^OEvOce\wXUGFXAn^OlmGLNjk\kXKJMXAYdGf9YaýVWOQ1YdcjkJK]OGfXCn5OcClKE2OmOvf8_uGXCn5OvEC9YdcCOQYX %YaWf^GX*VWOQ1Y[cejkJv]OmW «ñO"%Ya lGf^cYdkOKEiGfkakO0kfkYaf^HXCn5OjWGX2OKf`XCYJM¾GHEvOv dOKb]OK8YfXAn^O;G[G%Yaf^Hu_5cYf^lmO
0wE2ceXKK XY[c.JlKXCYb`JMX2O V`ñlKY[lC©`Yaf^HGf * ý 4(²k~Ó®*^~ & JMf^´cCOv[OmlvXCYaf^H 0~M²k° 1~ & 4(²k~M® *^~ & Yaf XCn5Oj0Gjw \kj L7OKf`\ 8Y[Hu%qMp]K*SUOvXA\kECfkYaf^HX2GáXCn5OL|JMf \JM jWGX2OKf XCYJM Ydc'GVkXKJMYaf^OYaf¨XCn5O.c2JML7O%JK]_ýV`lKaYdlC© Yf5HGf W~M² 1~ & 4(²k~M® *^~ & JMf5cCOKdOmlvXAYf^H
á * ý 4(²k~M® *w~
&
YfXAn^OUj0Gjw \kj|L7OKf`\¾
;*n^O J Y[cEvOvjkEvOcCOKf X2cFXCn^OiHE2OK` [Ovb]OK[cE2GL p"X2G#8IyIy"Yf XCn^O%[OvX*HEKJMjwnkYdl¬_1JMf^7XCn^O lGf XCEKJcX;E2GL 8IyIy X2G 8IyIy7YfXCn^O'ECYdHn XQHEKJMjknkY[l¬%;*n^O" J
YdciE2OKjkE2OmcCOvf X2c%XCn5O"b]JMa\^Oc G8XCn^OijWGX2OKf`XCYJM^ GE%XAn^OcAO9b`JM\^Omc%GFHEvOv dOKb]OK8JMf^lGf XCEKJceX
8YdH\wE2O'qMp \kXvGL|JMXAYdlijWGX2Ovf XCYJM
f£VWGXCn£lMJcCOmc.L JMf`\0JM8GEQJM\kX2GL JMXCY[lÓK_ XAn^OjWGX2OKf`XAYJM¾\kf^lKXCY[Gf^c%JME2O JMjkjkE2G YaL JMX2O JcFjkYdOmlmOv%Y[cCO(Yaf^OÓJMEF\kf^lKXCY[Gf^cm_JMf^NJME2O?j0OKEC OmlKXCQkO0kf^Om"V XCn^OäceL JMa1f \kLVWOvEhG0O XCE2OK LNYXCY[OmcäGhXAn^O"lmGECE2OmcejWGf^1Yaf^HNcCOmHL OKf X2cm;?nkYdcUf \kLVWOKEUGäO XCE2OKLNYXCY[OmcUJMjkjWOMJMEvcJMX2OvE |®]¯0° ® ^® GE ²+*w~Ók}m~ K_ JMV0Gmb]O%XCn^OUHEKJMjwnkYdlmcm X(Ydc(jWGIcCceYaVk[OX2G=Jk GE(E2OKL7Gb]OUce\5lCn jWGYf X2c _ XvG.lCnJMf^HIOXAn^OicenJMjWOiG8XCn^OijWGX2Ovf XCYJMdcM
^GE'Jk1Yaf^HJ.jWGYf XÓ_5Gf5O.cen^G\k[L7Gb]OXCn^O'L G\5cCO ²+* ~"ý® 4(²k~Ó®*^~ & * ý^® JMf5 lvaY[lC© Gf XCn^O ® ) ~{0~m~Ó²+* J¨j0GYaf XJMaE2OÓJ1 O YdceXvcJMX|XAn^Oc2JML7OáJMV5cClvY[cCc2JJc XCn^O kOmceYEvO¥jWGYf XÓ_ XCn5OvfXCn^Ob]JMa\^OG'XCn^OjWGX2OKf`XCYJM%Y[c|lCnJMf5HIOW_hVw\kX XAn^Of`\wLVWOvE G jWGYf X2c(JMjkjWOÓJMECYf5H"JMXvOvE |®]¯W° ® ^® GE ²+*^~Mk}~ ýE2OKL|JMYaf^c8XCn5O*c2JML7O¬ 9XAn^OvEA%YdcAOI_XCn^O jWGX2Ovf XCYJMFYdc=lCnJMf^HIOm JMf^ XCn^O.f`\wLVWOvE'G*jWGYaf`X2cQYdcQYf5lvE2OKL7Ovf X2Om JM\kX2GL JMXCY[lMJMa¥8Y[Hu qIqK
^GENE2OKL Gmb`Yaf^HñJjWGYaf`X_ Gf^Ocn^G\k[ L Gmb]OXCn^O7L G\5cCO
²+*§~"ý® 4(²k~Ó®*^~
&
ý^® JMf^ lvaYdlC©£GfáXCn5O &1^~|{W~~Ó²+* XiYdcif^GXif^OmlOmcCc2JMECXvG jWGYaf`XQO JlKXCaJMXXAn^OkOmceYaE2O UjWGYf XÓ_8ceYaf^lONXCn^ONjWGYf X%nwYdlCnY[c"E2OKL7Gb]Om YdcXCn5O lKdGIcAOceX UjWGYf XX2GXCn^O7cCOKdOmlKX2O jWGYf X.JMf `9Jv8Y[HuFq?8IK ;*n^O.f`\wLVWOvE'G ?jWGYf X2cJMjwj0OÓJMECYaf^HJMX2OvE
|®]¯0° ® ^® GE ²+*w~Ók}m~ (Ydc?\kjW^JMX2OmJM\kX2GL JMXCY[lÓJMa]
X"Y[cf^GXQjWGIcCceYaVkdOXvG|E2OKL Gmb]O XAn^OjWGYf X2c'JMX"XCn^O.O
XCE2OKL YaXCY[OciG?XCn^ONlv\wECb]OcN pJMf5 8IyIy£ GE.XAn^O|HE2OK dOKb]Ov?jWGX2Ovf XCYJMâ_ 8IyIy JMf^ #8IyIy GENXCn5O lmGf`XAEKJceX.jWGX2OKf`XCYJMK_¾Gfw X2GlCnJMf5HIO XCn5Ob]JM\5O G?XCn^O.jWGX2OKf`XCYJMFXCn^OKE2O¬_0JMf^ XCn^O.f`\wLVWOvE'G ?jWGYf X2ciYdc=JM9Jvuc HE2OÓJMX2OvE;GEUOZ]\JMWX2GX*Gu
8Y[H\kE2O'qIq w1Yf5Hj0GYaf X2cX2GXAn^OUj0GXvOvf XCYJM
& "!$ & - " ,* "-& « n5Ovf7JMakXCn^Oäf^OmlOmcCc2JMEC=^JMXKJUnJvb]O?V0OmOKf.jkE2Gb Y[kO'X2G;XAn^OL7OKf`\¾_Gf^O*L JK.lvaY[lC©.Gf * VWOv[GXAn^O*HEKJMjwnkYdlmcFGXCn^Oäj0GXvOvf XCYJMdc2_K9nkYdlCn.EA\kf^c ( 0 s S 8Y[Hu`q? I;*n^OäE2Omce\kaXCYf5H Yfw GECL JMXCY[Gf Y[c(jkECYaf`X2OmYaf XCn5O 5~Mu~M® %Yaf^kGm'_%nwY[O*X2OKLNj0GEJMECYafk GECL JMXCY[GfNYdc(jkECYaf`XvO 1\kECYaf^HNXCn^OlmGLNjk\kXKJMXAYdGfYafXCn^O"%Yaf^kGm V0OK[G'%;?n^O"X2OKLNj0GEJMEC|Yafk GECL JMXCY[GfL JvVWO cClKE2G[Omá\kj¥JMf5 kG9f V` jkE2OmcCceYaf^H|XAn^O & ³8³ ®´{0~m~M²+* G%XCn^ONL7G\^cCONGf XCn^O.ECY[Hn X b]OvEAXCYdlÓJMVJMEÓ_1GE%V |lKaYdlC© Yf5HGfXCn^OQJMECEvGUcä%nkY[lCn 0^H\kEvOJMX9XCn^O%X2GjJMf5 VWGXCX2GLG XCn^O VJMEÓ
+ ²^k³ñ² 0~540~ n0Jc f5GXFV0OmOKf.jkE2OmcCcCOmW_JUf^OK L JHIO*L7OKf`\7JMjwj0OÓJME2c8XCn5Ovf¾_cen^Gm%Yaf^H XCn^OiYL JHIOQlGLNjk\wX2ONV ( 0 s S'
aYdlC© Yaf^H XAn^O ²^}M® Vk\kXCX2GflK[GIcCOcUXCn5O ( 0 s S L7Ovf \¾_w9nkY[O"lKaYdlC© Yf5H XCn^O ® 4 Vk\kXCXvGf1Y[cejkJvuc%Jn^OKj %Yaf^kG
$ ,
4Ðq6 5¤OKEC[OvXÓ_`¢5OKEC\kVkYJ _ JcCcYdlÓJM8¤OmlCnJMfkY[lc;JMf^SUG]J iOvXvOlKXCY[Gf|Yaf s1D- ; L JM HIOmcu ' _ S e "UOKVkE2OK %fkYab]OvEvceYX`_ jkEAY qxIx 48:6 I¤OKEC[OvX_K¢5OvEC\wVkYJ _ lK\kECb]JMXA\kE2OKâkOvjWOKf^kOKf`XOKf^OKE2Hi\kf^lKXCY[GfGEFkOKX2OlKXCYaf^HaYaf^Oc Yafc2JMX2OKaYaX2OUYL JHIOmcu 5 K_;ýEvGL cAGu_u¤JK 8IyM8IrMXCn8_0qxIx
4 :6 5¤OKEC[OvXÓ_`¢5OKEC\kVkYJ _ OK jkE2GIcj0OmlKX2cYafaYf^OikOKX2OmlvXAYdGfGE%E2OKL GXvO;cAOvf^cYf^HYaL JM HIOmcu_%! "ä_ kOvJMY[kOI_ 8 8 jkECYa qxIxPu
4P?6Q¢5#5OKEC\kVkYJ _ ý¤OvEAdOKXÓ_ ( 0 s
S$u_ ;OKjWGIceYaXxP IrMâp qMPâpIpñJMXXAn^O
D(D
HIOvf5lO kO7DFE2GX2OmlvXCY[GfñkOc'DFE2GIHEKJMLNL7Oc2iV`XCn5O UOKVkE2OK%fwYb]OKE2ceYaX¡¥ ceEKJOKJMf^ e S kEKJMf5lOÓK_ks1OKjkXÓ8 MXCn¾_^qxIxPu
& #" #" *^~Ó²0³ ýI~ &²+* |®¬~m~ & * 1á}m~MkÓ~M® ³ 0® ® I~ & * 1~"ý® ® } 0® ® I~ & * 1~"ý®® ~Ó® & ~ & ®`} , ® * & * 1~¾® 4h²k~Ó® *w~ & ²+*w~Ó² & * 1~"ý®® ® W~ &²+*
