Distribués les 10 et 11 octobre 1968
No 7 - Proposition commune des délégations allemande, belge, néerlandaise et suisse
Solutions schématiques pour les articles 3 et 4 (de l'avant-projet)
Article 3, alinéa premier: accident causé par un seul véhicule, la victime étant un seul piéton
Accident en Allemagne Avant-projet Proposition A véhicule immatriculé aux
Pays-Bas, victime avec rési-dence habituelle (RH) en Allemagne
lex loci delicti
B véhicule immatriculé aux loi
Pays-Bas, victime RH aux néerlandaise Pays-Bas
C véhicule immatriculé aux lex loci Pays-Bas, victime RH en delicti France
lex loci delicti
loi
néerlandaise lex loci delicti 1
A 2 véhicules immatriculés en Allemagne, victimes ou passagers RH en A llemagne ou ailleurs
B 2 véhicules immatriculés aux Pays-Bas, victimes ou passagers RH aux Pays-Bas
victimes ou passagers d'une autre résidence
C 1 véhicule immatriculé en Allemagne
1 véhicule immatriculé aux Pays-Bas
victimes ou passagers RH en Allemagne ou ailleurs
D 1 véhicule immatriculé aux Pays-Bas
1 véhicule immatriculé en France
victimes ou passagers RH en Allemagne ou ailleurs
lex loci delicti
loi
néerlandaise lex loci delicti lex loci delicti 3
lex loci delicti 3
Article 3, alinéa 3: accident causé par un seul véhicule, plusieurs piétons étant victimes
Même solution pour chacune des victimes prises séparé-ment.
1 La question de l'application de la 'proper law of the tort' ne pourrait se poser que dans le cas C.
3 La question de l'application de la 'proper law of the tort' ne pourrait se poser que clans le cas D.
3 La question de rapplication de la 'proper law of the tort' ne pourrait se poser que dans les cas C et D.
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Article 4: Transport bénévole
Accident en Allemagne Avant-projet Proposition A véhicule immatriculé aux proper law of lex loci Pays-Bas, passagers RH en the tort delicti A llemagne
B véhicule immatriculé aux loi
Pays-Bas, passagers RH aux néerlanda
Pays-Bas use
loi néerlandaise
C véhicule immatriculé aux proper law of lex loci Pays-Bas, passagers RH en the tort delicti * France
N.B. Dans toutes les hypothèses de l'article 3, alinéas 2 et 3, le cas de chaque victime est examiné séparément.
Hypothèses d'auteur ou coauteur sans être victimes:
I Tiers extérieur au véhicule, auteur ou coauteur sans être victime
Accident en Allemagne Avant-projet Proposition A 2 véhicules immatriculés
aux Pays-Bas, tiers RH en Allemagne
a relations entre véhicules b relations entre véhicules et tiers
B 2 véhicules immatriculés aux Pays-Bas, tiers RH aux Pays-Bas
C 2 véhicules immatriculés aux Pays-Bas, tiers RH en France
a relations entre véhicules b relations entre véhicules et tiers
loi
néerlandaise lex loci delicti loi néerlandaise
loi
néerlandaise lex loci delicti
I I Passager, auteur ou coauteur sans être victime Suit le sort du véhicule qu'il occupe.
I I I Le cas de l'auteur qui est en même temps victime est apprécié du point de vue de sa qualité de victime;
pour sa position de coauteur voir article 6, chiffre 1 ( étendue de la responsabilité).
Np 8 - Proposai of the Danîsh délégation
Article 3 Replace paragraphs 2, 3 and 4 by -Whenever there were several authors or several victims, or both several authors and victims of the accidents, the internai law of the State of the habituai résidence shall only be applicable if the authors, the owners of the vehicle and the victims ail had their habituai rési-dence in that State at the time of the accident.
* La question de Tapplication de la 'proper law of the tort' ne pourrait se poser que dans le cas C.
No 9 - Proposais of the Norwegian délégation
Substitute the following article for article 3 of the draft Convention
-Subject to the provisions of articles 4 and 5, when-ever the person claimed to be liable had at the time of the accident an habituai résidence in the same State as the victim, the law applicable to his liability towards the victim shall be the internai law of that State.
If more than two persons are involved in the accident as victims or as persons claimed to be liable the appli-cable law shall be determined separately for each victim in relation to each person claimed to be liable.
Substitute the following article for articles 4 and 5 -Article 4 (principal alternative)
1 In the case of damage to person or property carried with the vehicle, the law applicable to the liability aris-ing from the transport shall be the internai law of the State of common habituai résidence when the victim and the person or persons claimed to be liable ail had their habituai résidence in the same State at the time of the accident. If there is more than one victim in the accident the applicable law shall be determined separately for each victim.
2 In the absence of the common habituai résidence required in paragraph 1 of this article, the applicable law shall be that indicated by such factors as the place of registration of the vehicle, the places of rési-dence of the persons involved, the place of the accident, the places of organization, departure and termination of the joumey, or other relevant links between the par-ties.
Article 4 (subsidiary alternative)
1 In the case of damage to person or property carried with the vehicle, the law applicable to the liability arising from the transport shall, subject to the provi-sions of paragraph 2 of this article, be the internai law of the State of registration of the vehicle provided that (either) the victim, the owner and/or the driver of the vehicle (or some or ail of them) had an habituai ré-sidence in that State at the time of the accident.
2 When the victim had at the time of the accident his habituai résidence in the same State as the person claimed-to be liable, the internai law of that State shall be applied. If the victim had at the time of the accident his habituai résidence in the State of the place of the accident the internai law of that State shall always be applied.
3 In cases not covered by paragraph 1 of this article the applicable law shall in the absence of the common résidence required in paragraph 2 be the internai law of the State of the place of the accident.
4 If more than two persons are involved in the acci-dent as victims or as persons claimed to be liable the applicable law shall be determined separately for each victim in relation to each person claimed to be liable.
Insert a new article 5
-If, under the preceding articles, more than one State's System of law shall be applied to the liability of différent persons for the same damage to one single victim and the partial application of the said Systems of law com-bined would lead to a déniai of justice towards the
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tim their liability shall be decided only by the internai law of the State of the place of the accident.
Insert a new article X (place in the Convention to be discussed)
-Article X
As regards damage to movable property, the owner of the property shall be considered as the victim for the purposes of this Convention.
The law applicable to damage to immovable property shall be the internai law of the State where the immov-able property is situated.
Commentary on article 4 (subsidiary alternative) -// the plurality System is chosen in article 3 as well as in article 4 (subsidiary alternative), that article could be simplified as follows —
Article 4
In the case of damage to person or property carried with the vehicle, the law applicable to the liability aris-ing from the transport shall, subject to the provisions of article 3, be the internai law of the State of regis-tration of the vehicle provided that the victim, the owner or the driver of the vehicle had an habituai rési-dence in that State at the time of the accident. Never-theless, if the victim at the time of the accident had his habituai résidence in the State of the place of the acci-dent, the internai law of that State shall always be applied.
Commentary on article 5
-This article covers cases where the application of only one part of two or more national law Systems would lead to results that were incompatible with any one of the Systems applied separately. Example: if the law in State A holds the owner of a vehicle principally respons-ible, while in State B the liability lies with the driver a combination of the two Systems might resuit in the vic-tim getting no compensation at ail. Law A would acquit the driver while law B acquits the owner each law Sys-tem declaring the other person responsible. Another example would be if law A divides the liability among ail the co-authors of an accident, while law B, which is applicable to the liability of one of the co-authors only holds the 'main author' to the accident responsible and therefore acquits this co-author, with the resuit that the victim only gets a certain share of damages, in spite of the fact that each one of the law Systems in question applied separately and totally would give him full satis-faction.
No 10 — Proposai of the Yugoslavian délégation regard-ing articles 1 and 2
Article 1
The words 'délictuelle ou quasi-délictuelle' in the French text should be substituted by the words 'extra-contrac-tuelle'.
applicable to the détermination of the question whether the conduct of the author or authors of the accident was in accordance with the rules relating to the control and safety of the traffic.
If the author (or the authors) of the accident is (are) held liable according to the provisions of paragraph 1 (and paragraph 2) of this article, the existence and kinds of damage capable of réparation will be ascertained, at the option of the victim, by
-a the l-aw of the pl-ace of the -accident; or
b the law of the place of registration of the vehicle, or, in the case of the vehicle not subject to registration, the law of the habituai résidence of the owner; or c the law of the common habituai résidence of ail persons concerned.
No 11 - Remplacé par le Document de travail No 13 No 12 - Proposai of the Danish délégation
Amendment proposed to Doc. trav. No 3
Article 3, paragraphe 1, 2 and 3 should read as follows -1 Subject to the provisions of articles 4 and 5, in case of an accident caused by one or more vehicles, the law applicable to the liability shall be the internai law of the State of registration provided ail the vehicles involved in the accident are registered in the same State and the victim or victims had their habiitual résidence in that State.
Articles 4 and 5
Add to the second alternative: if not, the proper law of the tort shall be applied.
No 13 - Complète le Doc. trav. No 7 et remplace le Doc. trav. No 11
No 14 - Proposai of the United Kingdom délégation Articles 4 and 5 of the draft Convention should be amalgamated as follows —
Subject to the provisions of any contract express or im-plied, any dispute between the driver (or other person liable by reason of his possession, ownership or control of the vehicle) and a passenger (or owner of goods carried in the vehicle) shall be determined by the com-mon habituai résidence of the parties.
Where the parties do not have a common habituai rési-dence, the provisions of article 2, paragraph 1, apply.
Article 2
Subject to the provisions of the following articles, the applicable law shall be the internai law of the place of the accident.
The law defined in the preceding paragraph, which was in force at the time of the accident, shall be exclusively
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