ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ
ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ) ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ (
ﺃ.
ﺔﻠﻴﺒﻨ ﻲﻠﻋ ﺕﻴﺃ
ﺔﻴﻠﻜ : ﺕﺎﻐﻠﻝﺍﻭ ﺏﺍﺩﻵﺍ
ﻌﻤﺎﺠ ﺓﺭﻴﻤ ﻥﺎﻤﺤﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﺔ
ﺔﻴﺎﺠﺒ ) ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ (
Abstract:
This study entitled « didactics of literary criticism at the University" aims to expose some aspects of the teaching of literary criticism, and analyzedthemaccording to available studies carried out on the subject, (its foundations, objectives and its teaching methods), noting scarcity of new book. Our method is descriptive and analytical, which we try to present new data on the teaching of literary criticism at the University.
Keywords: Literary Criticism Didactics, Methods, Objectives, Description, Analysis.
Résumé :
Notre article intitulé : « Didactique de la critique littéraire à l’université » a pour but d’exposer quelques aspects de l’enseignement de la critique littéraire, et de les analyser en se référant aux études disponibles dans ce domaine, tout en signalant la rareté de ses ouvrages autant que nouvelle spécialité.
Notre méthode est descriptive et analytique, sur laquelle nous essayons d’exposer les nouvelles données sur l’enseignement de la critique littéraire à l’université.
Mots -clés : Didactique de la critique littéraire, Méthodes, Buts, Description, Analyse
ﻝﺍ ﺹﺨﻠﻤ : ـﺒ ﺔﻤﻭﺴﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﺘﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻑﺩﻬﺘ " :
ﺔـﻌﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘ "
ﻲﻝﺎـﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻴـﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺱﻴﺭﺩﺘ ﺏﻨﺍﻭﺠ ﺽﺭﻋ ﻰﻝﺇ
،ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ لﻭﺤ ﺓﺭﻓﻭﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺀﻭﻀ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻴﻠﺤﺘﻭ ﻰـﻝﺇ ﻑﺩﻬﺘ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﻪﻘﺌﺍﺭﻁﻭ ﻪﻓﺍﺩﻫﺃﻭ ﻪﺴﺴﺃ ﺙﻴﺤ ﻥﻤ
ﺕﺍﻭـﻁﺨ ﻑـﺼﻭ
ﺏﻝﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﻕﻭﺫﺘ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻜﻭ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺱﻴﺭﺩﺘ ﺩـﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘ ﺔﻴﺼﻭﺼﺨ ﺏﻨﺎﺠ ﻰﻝﺇ ،ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻠﻝ ﻲﻌﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ
ﹼﻠﻗ ﺙﻴﺤ ،ﺎﻬﻤﺎﻴﻗ ﺏﺎﺒﺴﺃﻭ ﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺙﻭﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺕ
ﺍﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺎﺼﺼﺨﺘ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺒ ﺎﻬﻝﻭﺤ ﺕﺎﺴ ﺔـﺒﺎﺜﻤﺒ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻨﺜﺤﺒ ﻲﺘﺄﻴ ﺍﺫﻝ ،
ﺵﺎﻘﻨﻝﺍﻭ ﺀﺍﺭﺜﻺﻝ ﺎﻬﺤﺭﻁﻭ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﺏﻨﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﺓﺭﺎﺜﺇ .
ﺎﻤﻠﻜﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺤﺎﺘﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﺕ :
ﻑﺼﻭﻝﺍ ،لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻝﺍ ،ﻑﺍﺩﻫﻷﺍ ،ﻕﺭﻁﻝﺍ ،ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘ .
ﻡﻴﺩﻔﺘ : ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﺒ ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﻡﺩﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ،ﻡﺩﻘﺘﻠﻝ ﺎﻴﺴﺎﺴﺃ ﺍﺭﺎﻴﻌﻤ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﺍﺩﻠﺒ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻨﺍ ﻥﺇ
ﻙﻝﺫ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﻻﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻋ ﺔﻔﺼﺒ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻜﻔﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺎﺒ ﻥﻤ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ،
ﻥﻋ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻻ ﻡﺩﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺒ ،ﺕﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺩﻘﺘ ﺕﺎﻴﺴﺎﺴﺃ
ﹼﻨﺇﻭ ،ﺓﺎﻜﺎﺤﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺩﻴﻠﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﻕﻴﺭﻁ ﺞﺌﺎﺘﻨ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﺎﻤ
ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻨﻜﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺯﺎﺠﻨﻻﺍ
، ﻥﺍﺩـﻴﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻡﺩﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﻥﺇﻭ
ﻁﺒﺘﺭﻤ ،ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺎ
ﻨﻭﻜﻝ ﻡﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻉﺎﻁﻘﺒ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﻻﺍ ﺀﺎﺠ ﺎﻨﻫ ﻥﻤﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻭﺒﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺍﺭﺠﻹﺎﺒ ﺎﺴﺎﺴﺃ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻓﺭﻝ ﺔﻠﻋﺎﻓ ﺓﺍﺩﺃ ﻪ
ﺙﺍﺩـﺤﺈﺒ ﺓﺭﻴﺩـﺠ ﺎـﻬﻨﺃ ﺱﺎﺴﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﻴﻝﺇ ﺭﻅﻨﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻫﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺭﺒﺘﻋﺍ ﺙﻴﺤﺒ ،ﻩﺭﻴﻭﻁﺘﻭ ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﻐﺘ
، ﺕﺍﺭﻭﻁﺘ ﺔﻴﻌﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻭﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺩﻬﺸ ﺙﻴﺤﺒ ،ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺕﻼﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﻲﻓ
، ﻭ ﺎﻬـﺴﺃﺭ ﻰﻠﻋ
ﺩﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘ لﻘﺤ ﻲﻓ
، ﻙﻝﺫﻝ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻭﺤﻤﺘﺘ ﺎﻨﻝﺎﻘﻤ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻜﺸﺇ ﻥﺈﻓ :
؟ﺔـﻌﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻲـﻓ ﻲـﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺱﻴﺭﺩﺘ ﻕﺭﻁﻭ ﺱﺴﺃ ﻲﻫﺎﻤ
؟ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻌﺒﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﻭﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻲﻫﺎﻤﻭ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺱﻴﺭﺩﺘ ﻑﺍﺩﻫﺃ لﺜﻤﺘﺘ ﻡﻴﻓﻭ
ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ
؟
ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘ :
1 . ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ :
ﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﺒ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺀﺩﺒﻝﺍ لﺒﻗ لﺎﻘﻤﻝ
، ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺒﻻ ﺎـﻬﻨﻤ لﻜﺸﺘﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤ
ﻨﻋ ﻥﻷ ﺢﻴﺘﺎﻔﻤ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺒ لﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺍﻭ :
'' ﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﻤﺜ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻁﺼﻤﻭ ،ﺎﻬﺘﺎﺤﻠﻁﺼﻤ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺢﻴﺘﺎﻔﻤ ﻊـﻤﺠﻤ ﻲـﻬﻓ ،ﻯﻭ
ﻭ ﺔﻴﻓﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻘﺌﺎﻘﺤ ﻩﺍﻭﺴ ﺎﻤﻋ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﺩﺤﺍﻭ لﻜ ﺯﻴﻤﺘﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻥﺍﻭﻨﻋ
)''
1
.(
ﺘﻷﺍ ﺏﻴﺘﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻕﻓﻭ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﻁﺒﻀ ﻰﺘﺄﺘﻴﻭ ﻲ
:
1.1 . ﺔﻐﻝ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ :
ﺙﺩﺤﺘﺴﻤ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﺇ
، ﻥﻤ ﻕﺘﺸﻤ ﻭﻬﻓ لﻌﻔﻝﺍ
) ﻡﹼﻠﻋ ( ﺭﺩﺼﻤﻭ ﻡﻴﻠﻌﺘ ﺔﻤﻠﻜﻝ ﻲﻋﺎﻨﺼ
.
ﻥﺃ ﺏﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﺴﻝ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻫﺎﻨﻌﻤ ﺩﺭﻭ ﺩﻗﻭ :
'' ﹸﺕﻤﻠﻋ
ُﺃ ﺀﻲﺸﻝﺍ
ﻪﻤﻠﻋ
ﻪﻤﻠﻋﺃﻭ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﹼﻠﻋﻭ ،ﻪﺘﻓﺭﻋ ؛ﺎﻤﻠﻋ ﻪـﻤﹼﻠﻌﺘﻓ ﻩﺎـﻴﺇ
.
ﻴﻭ
ﻡﻠﻋﺍ ﻊﻀﻭﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻡﹼﻠﻌﺘ لﺎﻘ
ﺩﻝﺍ ﺙﻴﺩﺤ ﻲﻓﻭ ، ﺎﺠ
ل ) :
ﻋﺄﺒ ﺱﻴﻝ ﻡﻜﺒﺭ ﻥﺃ ﺍﻭﻤﹼﻠﻌﺘ ﺭﻭ
(
ﻋﺍ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﺒ ﺍﻭﻤﻠ
)''
2
ﻰﻨﻌﻤ ﻥﺃ ﻲﻨﻌﻴ ﺎﻤ ؛ (
)
ﻡﹼﻠﻋ ( ﹸﻨﻭ ﺎﺌﻴﺸ ﻡﹼﻠﻌﺘﻨ ﻥﺃ ﻭﻫ
،ﺭﻴﻐﻠﻝ ﻩﺎﻴﺇ ﻡﹼﻠﻌ ﺔﻤﺴ ﻊﻀﻭ ﻭﻫ ﻭﺃ
ﺀﻲﺸﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻝﻻﺩﻠﻝ ﺕﺎﻤﺴﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ .
2 ﺎﺤﻼﻁﺼﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ :
ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤ ﻲﻅﺤ ﺩﻘﻝ
"
ﻠﻌﺘ ﺔﻴﻤﻴ "
ﻅﺤﻴ ﻡﻝ ﻪﻨﻭﻜ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﻋ ﻑﻴﺭﺎﻌﺘﺒ ﻨ ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘﺒ
ﻥﻤ ﻲﺌﺎﻬ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﻑﻴﺭﺎﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﺴﻤﻠﻨﻭ ﺀﺎﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﻁ
:
ﺱﻭﻤﺎﻗ ﻡﺠﻌﻤ ﻑﺭﻌﻴ ﺕﺎﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘ
) ﺕﺴﻭﻜﻭ ﻥﻭﺴﻝﺎﻐﻝ (
ﻲﺘﻷﺎﻜ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ :
'' ﺎﻬﻝ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ ّلﻜ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﻅﻨﻝﺎﺒ
ﹼﻠﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻠﻌﺘﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ لﺩﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻀﻤﺎﻐﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤ ﺭﺒﺘﻌﻴ ،ﺕﺎﻐ
...
ﻲـﻓ لﺜﻤﺘﻴ ﺎﻬﺒﻠﻁﻤﻭ
ﺤﺘ
ﺼﺼﺨﺘ ﻁﺒﻀ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻤﻌﻴ ﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﻡﻠﻋ ﺩﻴﺩ ﺎﻬﺒ ﻑﺭﺘﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﻀ ﺎﻬ
)''
3 .(
- ﻲﺸﻴ ﻲﻠﻴﺎﺒ لﺎﻴﻨﺍﺩ ﺭ Danielle Baillez)
ﻪﺒﺎﺘﻜ ﻲﻓ( :
"
ﺕﺎﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘ ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻁﺼﻤ
"
) les mot de la didactique
des langue (
ﻪﻝﻭﻘﺒ : '' ﺘـﺴﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍﻭ ﻱﺭﻅﻨ ﻡﻴﻠﻌﺘ ﻱﻷ ﻲﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﻕﺸﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ ،ﻕﻴﻗﺩﻝﺍ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰـﻝﺇ ﺩﻨ
ﻡـﻠﻋ
)
،ﺕﺎﻴﻨﺎﺴﻝ ﺕﺍﻭﺼﻷﺍ ﻑﺌﺎﻅﻭ ﻡﻠﻋ
( ،ﺫﻴﻤﻼﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﺩﺭ ﺔﻅﺤﻼﻤ لﺠﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﺒﻴﺭﺠﺘ ﺓﺯﻬﺠﺃ ﺭﻴﻀﺤﺘ ﻭﺃ ﺩﺍﺩﻋﺇ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻤﻌﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ
ﻬﺘﺎﻴﺠﻴﺘﺍﺭﺘﺴﺍﻭ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻤﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﻬﺌﺎﻁﺨﺃﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻡ
ﺎﻬﺘﺠﻝﺎﻌﻤ
''
) 4
(.
- ﺎﻤﺃ
"
ﻥﻴﻠﻓﺍﺭ لﺎﺸﻴﻤﻭ ﻲﻨﺭﻭﺒ لﻭﺒ ﻥﻭﺠ
"
ﻪﹼﻨﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻥﺍﺭﻴﺸﻴﻓ :
'' ﺔﻨـﺴ ﻲـﻓ ﺢﻠﻁـﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫـﻫ ﺭﻬﻅ 1613
ﺩـﻴ ﻰـﻠﻋ
'' ﺘﺍﺭ ــــــــ ﻙ
ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻊﻀﻭ ﺍﺫﺇ ﻲﻜﻴﺘﻜﺍﺩﻴﺩ لﻭﺃ ﻭﻬﻓ '' ﺠﺃ ﻥﻤ
ﺔﻠﺌـﺴﻷﺍ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﺯﻜﺘﺭﻴ ﺞﻤﺎﻨﺭﺒ ﺔﻨﻠﻜﺸ ل
ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ، ﺩﻀ ﺎﻬﺘﻜﺭﻌﻤﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻨﻁﻭﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺤﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﺘﻜﺭﺎﺸﻤﻭ ﺔﺴﺭﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻬﺴﺇ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﺇ لﺠﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻏ لﻤﺤﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ
لﺎﻀﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻋﺎﻁﻗﻹﺍ ﺒﻭ ﺍﺭﻴﺜﻜ لﻤﻌﺘﺴﺍ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ ،
ﺢﻠﻁـﺼﻤﻭ ،ﻯﺭـﺨﻷﺍ ﺏﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻋﺭﺴ didactica)
( ﻥـﻤ
ﺱﺭﺩﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻴﺸﻷﺎﺒ ﻪﺘﻤﺠﺭﺘ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍﻭ ،ﻲﻨﻴﺘﻻ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤ ''
)
5
.(
ﺱﻭﻤﺎﻗ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﺩﺭﻭ ﺩﻘﻝ )
ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ (
'' ﻲﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘ ﻥﺃ didactic
ﻰـﻠﻋ ﻕﻠﻁﺘ ﺔﻔﺼ
ﻼﺨﻷﺍ ﻭﺃ ،ﻡﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﻴﺎﻏ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻩﺭﻴﻏ ﻭﺃ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻓﻼﺘﺨﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻕﺌﺎﻘﺤﻝﺍ لﻘﻨ ﻭﺃ ،ﻕ
ﻨ ﻭﺤ : ﺔﻴﻔﻝﺃ ﻭﺤﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻝﺎﻤ ﻥﺒ
) ''
6
؛(
لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ ،ﺱﺒﻠﻝ ﺭﻴﺜﻤ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻑﻴﺭﺎﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻑﺸﺘﺴﻨ ﻪﺠﺍﺯﺘﻤﺍ
ﺕﺎـﺼﺎﺼﺘﺨﻻﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺩﻋ ﻊﻤ
ﻝﺎﻌﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﻴﺸﺘ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻭ ﻕﺌﺎﻘﺤ لﻘﻨ ﻭﺃ ﻡﻴﻠﻌﺘﻠﻝ ﺔﻓﺩﺎﻫ ﺔﻔﺼ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺎﻓ ،ﻪﺘﺩﻻﻭ ﻥﻋ ﺕﻤﺠﻨ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺀﺎـﻁﺨﺃﻭ ﺩﻭﺩﺭ ﺔـﺠ
ﺱﻴﺭﺩـﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﺔـﻗﻼﻋ ﻪﻝ لﻭﻷﺍ ،ﻥﻴﻘﺸ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻭﻜﺘﻴ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤﻓ ﻪﻨﻤﻭ ،ﻱﺭﻅﻨ ﻡﻴﻠﻌﺘ ﻱﻷ ﻲﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘ ﻕﺸ ﻩﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺒ ﺫﻴﻤﻼﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺯﺭﺒ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﺕﺎﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻠﻌﺘﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﻪﻠﻓ ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﺃﻭ ﺔﻤﺎﻋ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻨﻝ
ﻑﻴﺭﺎﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ لﻼﺨ .
2 . ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ :
2 ـ 1 . ﺔﻐﻝ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ :
ﺩﻘﻝ ﻕﻠﻁﻨﺍ ﻙﻠﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﺽﺎﺘﺭﻤ
ﻪﺒﺎﺘﻜ ﻲﻓ )
ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﻲﻓ ﻼﺌﺎﺴﺘﻤ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤﻝ (
: '' ﺔﻴﻫﺎﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻘﻨﻠﻝ لﻫ ؟
) ''
7
ﻥﻤﻭ (
ﻥﻜﻤﻴ لﺅﺎﺴﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ لﻼﺨ ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘﺒ ﻰﻅﺤﻴ ﻡﻝ ﻪﻨﻭﻜ ،ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻫﺎﻤ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﺏﻌﺼﻴ ﻪﻨﺃ لﻭﻘﻝﺍ
ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ لﻭﺎﺤﻨﺴ ﻥﻜﻝ ،ﺩﺩﺤﻤ
ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﺠﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺩﻋ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻕﺭﻁﺘﻝﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻤﻭﻬﻔﻤ :
ﻲﻓ ﺩﺭﻭ ﺎﺴﻝ ﺏﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻥ ﻥﺃ
''
ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﻑﻴﺯﻝﺍ ﺝﺍﺭﺨﺇﻭ ﻡﻫﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺯﻴﻴﻤﺘ ﻭﻫ ...
ﺎﻨﺎﺴﻨﺇ ﺎﻫُﺅﺎﻁﻋﺇﻭ ﻡﻫﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺯﻴﻴﻤﺘ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍﻭ
...
ﺎﻬﻀﺒﻗ ﻱﺃ ﺎﻬﹸﺘﺩﻘﺘﻨﺎﻓ ،ﻪﹸﺘﻴﻁﻋﺃ ﻱﺃ ﻡﻫﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻪﻝ ﹸﺕﺩﻘﻨﻭ ،ﻡﻫﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻪﹸﺘﺩﻘﻨﻭ
) ''
8
.(
ﺎﻤﺃ ﻱﺭﺸﺨﻤﺯﻝﺍ ﻪﹼﻨﺄﺒ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﻋ ﺩﻘﻓ
: '' ﻨﻭ ،ﻩﺩﻘﺘﻨﺎﻓ ،ﻪﻝ ﻩﺩﻘﻨﻭ ﻥﻤﺜﻝﺍ ﻩﺩﻘﻨ ﻥـﻤ ﺎﻫﺩـﻴﺠ ﺯـﻴﻤ ،ﻡﻫﺍﺭﺩـﻝﺍ ﺩﺎـﻘﹸﻨﻝﺍ ﺩﻘ
ﺎﻬﺌﻴﺩﺭ ...
)''
9
ﻜ ﻰﻨﻌﻤ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻴﻘﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻔﻴﺭﻌﺘﻝﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺞﺘﻨﺘﺴﻨ ؛(
ﺔﻤﻠ ) ﺩﻘﻨ ( ﺭﻴﺸﻴﻓ ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﺃ ،ﻪﻀﺒﻗﻭ ﻥﻤﺜﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺀﺎﻁﻌﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ
ﻪﻴﻓ ﺕﻠﻤﻌﹸﺘﺴﺍ ﺎﻤ لﻭﺃ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ
،ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﻑﻴﺯﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻴﺒﻝ ﺎﻤﻴﺩﻗ ﺭﻴﻨﺎﻨﺩﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﻫﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺯﺭﻓ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﺒ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ،ﺔﻤﻠﻜﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺍﺫـﻫﻭ
ﺩﻴﺩﺴ ﻡﻜﺤ ﻡﺜ ﺔﻨﺯﺍﻭﻤﻭ ﻡﻬﻓﻭ ﺓﺭﺒﺨ ﻥﻋ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ .
2.2 . ﺎﺤﻼﻁﺼﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ :
ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝ ﻊﻤﺎﺠ ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﺔﺒﻭﻌﺼﺒ ﺩﻴﻜﺄﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻥﻴﺴﺭﺍﺩﻝﺍﻭ ﺩﺎﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺜﻜﻝﺍ ﺏﻫﺫﻴ -
ﺓﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍ ﺎﻨﻝ ﻕﺒﺴ ﺎﻤﻜ
ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﺭﻜﺫﻨﻭ ،ﻑﻴﺭﺎﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺩﺩﻌﺘ ﺍﺫﻝ :
ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘ -
"
ﺭﻭﺩﻨﻤ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ
"
ﻥﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﻴﺸﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ''
ﻤ ﻕﺩﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻴـﺒ ﺯـﻴﻴﻤﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺹﻭـﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﺔـﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻥﻓ ﻭﻫ ﻪﻴﻨﺎﻌ
ﺎﻔﻝﺅﻤﻝﺍ لﻜ ﻭﻫ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺢﺼ ﺍﺫﺇ ،ﺔﻴﺒﺩﺃ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ لﻜ ﺡﻭﺭ ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﻴﻝﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﻥﻴـﻔﻘﺜﻤﻝﺍ ﺔـﻐﻠﺒ ﺏﺘﻜﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕ
''
) 10
.(
- ﻯﺭﻴﻭ
"
ﻑﻴﻀ ﻲﻗﻭﺸ
"
ﻥﺃ : '' ﺔﻴﻨﻓ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﻝ ﺎﻤ ﺭﻴﺩﻘﺘﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﻊﻁﻘﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﻭﻫ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ...
ﻥـﻤ ﻕﺘﺸﻤ ﻥﻓ ﻭﻬﻓ
ﻭﺃ ﻩﺭﻴﻏ ﻩﺭﻴﻏ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﻗﻭﺘﻤ
) ''
11
.(
ﹼﺎﻤﺃ ﻲﻓ ) ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺠﻌﻤ (
ﻥﺈﻓ : '' ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ Critism) (
ﺎـﻬﻠﻴﻠﺤﺘﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ لﺎﻤﻋﻷﺍ ﻡﻴﻭﻘﺘ ﻥﻓ ﻭﻫ
،ﺎﻫﺅﺎـﺸﻨﺇﻭ ﺎﻬـﺼﻨ ﺔﺤﺼﻭ ،ﺎﻫﺭﺩﺎﺼﻤ ﺙﻴﺤ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻠﻝ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺹﺤﻔﻝﺍ ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﻲﻤﻠﻋ ﺱﺎﺴﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻤﺌﺎﻗ ﻼﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﺎﻬﺨﻴﺭﺎﺘﻭ ،ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻔﺼﻭ
12 '' ﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻨﻌﺘ ؛ ﻪﺌﻴﺩﺭ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻼﻜﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺠ ﻥﺎﻴﺒﺘ ﻭﻫ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻬﻠﻤﺠﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻑﻴﺭﺎﻌﺘﻝ
ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻪﻓﺩﻫ ﻱﺃ ،
ﻡﻼﻜﻝﺍ ﻩﺩﻴﺠ ﻥﺎﻴﺒﺘﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻥﻤ
ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﺏﻨﺍﻭﺠ ﻥﻤ ﻪﺌﻴ ﺍ لﺎﻤﻋﻷﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﻲﻨﻌﻴ
ﺫﺇ ؛ﺎﻬﻤﻴﻭﻘﺘﻭ ﺎﻴﻤﻠﻋ ﻼﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺩﻜﺅﻴ
"
ﻱﺭﻤﺨ ﻥﻴﺴﺤ
"
لﺎﻗ ﻥﻴﺤ : '' ﺸﻨﻭ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻝ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﺃ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺴﻨﺇﻭ ﻱﺭﻜﻓ ﻁﺎ
ﻗ ﺩﻗﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﻪﺒ ﻡﻭﻘﻴ ﻲﻨﺎ ،ﻲﻨﺎـﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻰﻨﻌﻤ ﺔﻴﻠﺠﺘ ﺩﺼ
ﻡﻴﻭﻘﺘ ﻭﺃ ﺝﺎﺠﻭﻋﺍ
ﺕﺎـﻴﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﻑﻼﺘﺨﺎـﺒ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﺘ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻔﻴﺭﻌﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺩﺠﻨ ﺍﺫﻜﻫﻭ ،لﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﻁﺍﻭﻤ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻁﻭﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺓﺭﺎﺸﺇ ﻭﺃ
ﻭﺃ ﺏﻨﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺯﻜﺭﺘﻭ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺫﻝ ،ﺩﻗﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻝﺇ ﻑﺩﻬﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻑﺩﻬﻝﺍ
ـﻝﻭﺎﺤﻤ ﻭﺃ ﺔـﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻁﺄﺘﻝ ﺔﻝﻭﺎﺤﻤ لﻜ ﻥﺈﻓ ﻙﻝ ﺔ
ﺀﺎﻁﻋﺇ ﻘﻨﻠﻝ ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘ ﻑﻗﻭﻤ ﺫﺎﺨﹼﺘﺍ ﻲﻨﻌﻴ ،ﺩ
ﻲﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﺩﻴﺇ ﻘﺜﻭ
ﺓﺩﺩﺤﻤ ﺓﺭﺌﺍﺩ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻁﺎﺸﻨ ﺭﺼﺤﻭ ﻥﻴﻌﻤ ﻲﻓﺎ
) ''
13
. (
3 . ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺱﻴﺭﺩﺘ ﻑﺍﺩﻫﺃ :
ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﻥﺇ ﹼﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻱﺭﻭﺭﻀ ﺭﻤﺃ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻑﺍﺩﻫﻷﺍ
ﹸﺘ ﺍﺫﻝ ،ﻑﺍﺩﻫﺃ ﻥﻭﺩ ﻥﻤ ﺱﻴﺭﺩﺘ ﻼﻓ ،ﺔﻴﻤ ﺩـﺤ
ﺩ
ﻠﻌﺘ ﻱﻷ ﺎﻘﺒﺴﻤ ﺍﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﻑﺍﺩﻫﻷﺍ ﺱﻴﺭﺩﺘ ﻭﺃ ﻡﻴ
.
ﺴﻨﻝﺎﺒﻓ ﺭﻬﻅﺘ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺱﻴﺭﺩﺘﻝ ﺔﺒ ﻲﻓ ﻑﺍﺩﻫﻷﺍ
: '' ﺔﺒﻠﻁﻝﺍ ﻥﹼﻜﻤﺘ ﻥﻤ
ﻲـﻓ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ لﻭﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﺭﻴﻴﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ
ﺔﻜﺭﺤ ﻁﺒﻀ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻓﺎﻀﻹﺎﺒ ،ﻪﺘﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻴﻝﺇ ﻰﻬﺘﻨﺍ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺭﻘﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺩﺭﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﺀﻭﻀ ﻲﻓ ،لﻜﻜ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﻁﻷﺍ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘﻭ ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﻻﺍ ﻲﻐﺒﻨﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺴ
ﻥﻴﻋﺩﺒﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﺎﺘﻜ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﺒ ﻡﺍﺯﺘﻝ
) ''
14
ﺱﻴﺭﺩـﺘ ﻲﻤﺭﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ ،(
ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺎﻀﻴﺃ
- ﺔﻴﻌﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺩﺼﻘﻨ -
ﻰﻝﺇ : '' ﺎـﻀﻴﺃﻭ ،ﺔـﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺏﻫﺍﺫﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺩﺎﻘﻨﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﺒﻠﻁﻝﺍ ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘ ﺔـﻴﻤﻨﺘ
ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ لﺎﻤﺠ ﻡﻬﻗﻭﺫﺘﻭ ،ﺔﺒﻠﻁﻝﺍ ﻯﺩﻝ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺭﺩﻘﻝﺍ
)''
15
ﻥﺃ ﺞﺘﻨﺘـﺴﻨ ﺡﺭﻁﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ؛(
ﻑﺍﺩﻫﻷﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺎﻬﻠﻜ
ﻰﻝﺇ ﻲﻤﺭﺘ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘ
ﻑﺩﻫ
، ﺓﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍ ﺭﺩﺠﺘﻭ ،ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻕﻭﺫﺘﻭ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺏﻝﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺩﻗ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻻﺃ ﺩﺤﺍﻭ
ﺔﻬﺒﺎﺸﺘﻤ ﻑﺍﺩﻫﺃ ﻲﻬﻓ ،ﻡﻬﺒﺘﻜ ﻲﻓ ﻱﺃ ؛ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﺴﺭﺍﺩ ﻯﺩﻝ ﺕﻨﻤﻀﺘ ﺎﻬﹼﻨﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻬﺘﻤﺭ ﻲﻓ
.
ﻩﺩﹼﻜﺅﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ
"
ﻰﻓﺍﻭﻤ ﻥﺎﻤﺜﻋ "
ﻪﻝﻭﻘﺒ : '' ﻲﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﻕﻭﺫﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﺘ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺀﺍﺭﻭ ﻥﻤ ﻰﻌﺴﻨ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻑﺍﺩﻫﻷﺍ ﻡﻫﺃ ﻥﻤ ﻥﺇ ﻯﺩـﻝ
ﻪـﻤﻴﻗ ﻥـﻋ ﻑـﺸﻜﻝﺍﻭ ﻪـﻠﻴﻠﺤﺘﻭ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﻡﻬﺜﺍﺭﺘ ﻡﻬﻓ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻡﻬﻨﻴﻌﻴ ﺙﻴﺤﺒ ،ﻡﻫﺩﻨﻋ لﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﻬﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﻠﻤ ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻭ ،ﺏﻼﻁﻝﺍ ﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺭﻭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻩﺭﻭﻁﺘ لﺤﺍﺭﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﻭﻗﻭﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﻕﻭﺫﻠﻝ ﺦﻴﺭﺄﺘﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﺔ
) ''
16
.(
ﻑﻴﻀﻴ ﺭﻭﺘﻜﺩﻝﺍ "
ﻱﻭﺎﻤﺸﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻜﺯ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ
"
ﻭﻫ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺱﻴﺭﺩﺘ ﻑﺍﺩﻫﺃ ﻥﻤ ﻥﺃ :
'' ﺯـﻴﻴﻤﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻕﻭﺫﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﺤ ﻥﻴﻭﻜﺘ
ﻲـﻠﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﺞﻬﻨﻤ ﻥﻴﻭﻜﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﺓﺭﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺴﺘﻜﺍ ﻡﺜ ﻪﻠﻴﻠﺤﺘﻭ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﻓ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻤﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﻴﺭﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﻕﻴﺭﻁ ﻥﻋ ﺏﻼﻁﻝﺍ ﻯﺩﻝ ﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻌﻴﻭ ،ﻡﺎﻜﺤﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤﻭ ،ﻕﻭﺫﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻭﻘﻴ ﻙﺍﺭﺩﺇ ﻥﺴﺤﻭ ﻪﺜﺍﺭﺘ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻪﻌﺠﺸﻴﻭ ،ﺃﺭﻘﻴ ﺎﻤﺒ ﻉﺎﻤﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺏﻝ
ﺢﻴﺤﺼﻝﺍ ﻭﺤﻨﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻪﻤﻬﻓﻭ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺎﻤ
)''
17
ﹼﻨﺃ ﻱﺃ ؛(
ﻕﻴﺒﻁﺘﻝﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻪ
ﻡﻠﻴ ﻑﻭﺴ ﻱﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺒ ﺏﻝﺎﻁﻝﺍ
ﻥـﻤ ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤ
ﺎﻬﻤﻬﻓﻭ ﻉﻭﻨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﺒ ﺔﻠﺼﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍﻭ ﻕﺌﺎﻘﺤﻝﺍ .
4 . ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘ :
ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﺇ ﻥﻋ
ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘ ﻷ
ﺼﺼﺨﺘ ﻩﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺒ ﺏﻌﺼ ﺭﻤ ﺎ
ﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺍ ﺭـﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﺩﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻰﻠﺠﺘﺘ ﺔﺒﻭﻌﺼﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ ، ﻕ
ﻪﻨﻤ ﺩﺭﻭ ﺎﻤﻓ ،ﻊﻴﻀﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻥﻤ لﻴﻠﻘﻝﺍ ﻻﺇ
ﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ ،ﺔﻔﻴﻔﻁ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺸﺇ لﻼﺨ ﹼﻜﺅ
ﻩﺩ "
ﻱﺩـﻴﺯﻝﺍ ﻕﻴﻓﻭﺘ
"
لﺎـﻗ ﻥﻴـﺤ
ﻥﺃ :
'' ﻅ ﻀﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﺩﺎﻜﻷﺍ ﺙﺎﺤﺒﻷﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺩﻭﻌﻴﻭ ،ﺎﻓﻭﺯﻋ ﺕﻓﺭﻋ ﺩﻗ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘ ﺓﺭﻫﺎ ﺩﻭﻌﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﺔﺼﻭﺼﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻴ
ﻲﻓ ﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻥﻴﻓﺭﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﻭﻋﺩﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ ،ﻥﻴﻌﻤ ﺭﻭﻬﻤﺠﻝﻭ ﺔﻨﻴﻌﻤ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻴﺴ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺒﺘﻜ ﺩﻗ ﺎﻬﺘﺍﺫ ﺩﺤﺒ ﺙﺎﺤﺒﻷﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺓﺩﺌﺎﻓ ﻻ ﺫﺇ ،ﻊﻴﻀﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﺍ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻤ ﺔﻔـﺼﺒ ﺏـﻝﺎﻁﻝﺍﻭ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺤ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻴﺒﻜ ﺩﻭﺩﺭﻤ ﺎﻬﻝ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻻ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﻀﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘﻝ
ﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻬﺠﻭﺄﺒﻭ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺔﻔﻠﺘ
) ''
18
.(
لﻜـﺸﻴ ﺭﻤﺃ ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﻡﻬﺘﺎﺠﺎﺤ ﻲﺒﻠﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻉﻭﻨ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﻠﻁﻭ ﺏﻼﻁ لﺎﺒﻗﺇ ﻑﻭﺯﻌﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ لﺒﺎﻘﻴ ﻠﻋ ﺎﻤﻭ ،ﺏﻝﺎﻁﻤ ﻪﻝ ﻥﺃ ﺙﻴﺤﺒ ،ﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺎﺒ ﻪﻴﻤﺴﻨ ﺎﻤ ﻭﺃ ،ﻡﻭﻴﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﻙﻭﻠﺴ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅ ،ﺎـﻬﻝ ﺔﺒﺎﺠﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﻻﺇ ﻥﻴﺜﺤﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﻰ
ﻜﻝ ﻭ ،ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺜﻜﻝﺍ ﻥ ﺩﻌﺘ ﻡﻝ ﺕﺩﺎﺴ
،ﺏﻝﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﻊﻔﻨﺘ ﺩﻌﺘ ﻡﻝﻭ ﺭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﺏﻜﺍﻭﺘ ﺀﺍﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺍﻭﺭﺩﻘﻴ ﻡﻝ ﺎﻬﺒﺎﺤﺼﺃ ﻥﻷ
ﺔﺒﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻬﻤ ﻑﺭﻁﺒ ﺍﻭﺤﺎﻁﺃ ﺩﻘﻓ ﻲﻝﺎﺘﻝﺎﺒﻭ ﻡﻫﺭﺩﻗ ﹼﻕﺤ /
ﺓﺀﺍﺭﻘﻝﺍ
) 19
.(
ﻯﺭﻴ
"
ﻱﺩﻴﺯﻝﺍ ﻕﻴﻓﻭﺘ
"
ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﺎﻋ ﺎﺜﻴﺩﺤ ﻭﻫ ﺱﻴﻝ ﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺏﻝﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻨﺎﻌﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻥﺃ ﻭ
ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﺭﻌـﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﺜﺍﺩﺤﻝﺍ
ﺴ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﻭ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ،
) ﺩﺎﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺤ (
ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻼﺜﻤ ﺯﻴﻤﻴ ﻑﻴﻜ ﻪﻝ ﻥﻴﺒﺘ ﺔﻴﺠﻬﻨﻤ ﺎﺒﺘﻜ ﺩﻴﺭﻴ لﺒ ﻑـﻴﻜﻭ ،ﻩﺭﻴﻏ ﻥﻤ
ﺞﻫﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﺎﻋ ﺎﺜﻴﺩﺤ ﺩﻴﺭﻴ ﻻ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﺔﺜﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻤﻴﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻴﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺡﺭﺸﺘ ﻑﻴﻜﻭ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﺜﺍﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﻭﺃ ﺔـﺜﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺔـﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ
ﻝ ﻥﻴﺒﻨ ﻥﺃ ﺩﻴﺭﻴ لﺒ ،ﺓﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﺩﻴﻔﺘﺴﻴ ﻑﻴﻜ ﻪ
ﺒ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻱﺃ ، ﻓﺎﻘﺜﺒ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﻴ ﺎﻤﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺹﺌﺎﺼﺨ
ﻭﻫ ﻪﺘ ...
ﻪـﻴﻠﻋﻭ
ﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﺈﻓ -
ﻪﻴﻤﺴﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ
"
ﻱﺩﻴﺯﻝﺍ ﻕﻴﻓﻭﺘ
"
- ﺱﻤﻷﺍ ﺉﺭﺎﻗ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻥﺈﻓ ،ﻪﻘﺒﺎﺴ ﻥﻋ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﻪﺘﺠﺎﺤﻓ ﺱﻤﻷﺍ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺎﺒ ﺱﻴﻝ
ﻡﻭﻴﻝﺍ ﺉﺭﺎﻗ ﻥﺈﻓ ،ﺔﺘﻤﺎﺼﻝﺍ ﺓﺀﺍﺭﻘﻝﺎﺒ ﻲﻔﺘﻜﻴ )
ﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ( ﻹﺍ ﺩﺤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻼﺌﺎﺴ لﺒ ﻻﺎﻌﻓ ﺎﻜﺭﺎﺸﻤ ﺝﺍﺭﺤ
ﺎﻤﻭ ، ﺫﺎﺘﺴﻷﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺏﺘﺎﻜﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ
ﺴﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻻﺇ ﺘ
ﺃ ﻡﻠﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﻝ ﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﺩﻘﺘﻝ ﻪﺘﺎﻴﺠﺘﺍﺭﺘﺴﺍ ﺩﻴﻌﻴﻭ ﺩﻌ لﻀﻓﺃ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤﺒ ﻪﻌﻨﻘﻴ ﻰﺘﺤ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻭ
) 20
ﺉﺭﺎـﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻨﻌﻴ ؛(
ﺨ ﺔﻔﺼﺒ ﺏﻝﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺩﻴﺭﻴ ﻻ ﺔﺼﺎ
ﻲـﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘ ﻭـﻫ ﺎﻤ ﻱﺃ ﺔﻴﺠﻬﻨﻤ ﺎﺒﺘﻜ ﺩﻴﺭﻴ لﺒ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺏﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻭﺠﻭﻤ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤﺒ ﻲﻔﺘﻜﻴ ﻻﻭ
ﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺒ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﻬﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺭ .
5 . ﺴﺃ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘ ﻡﺎﻴﻗ ﺏﺎﺒ :
ﻥﺎﻴﺒﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻨﻌﻓﺩﻴ ﺎﻔﻨﺃ ﻩﺎﻨﺭﻜﺫ ﺎﻤ ﻥﺇ ﺏﺎﺒﺴﺃ
ﻲﻋﺍﻭﺩﻭ ﻙـﻝﺫ ﻲﻓ ﺯﻴﻤ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻥﻴﻋﻭﻨ ﺯﻴﻤﻨ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻜﻤﻴﻭ ،ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘ ﻡﺎﻴﻗ
ﺔﻤﺎﻋ ﻯﺭﺨﺃﻭ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺏﺎﺒﺴﺃ ﻲﻫﻭ ﻱﺩﻴﺯﻝﺍ ﻕﻴﻓﻭﺘ :
ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻋﺍﻭﺩﻝﺍ ـ ﺃ :
ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﺴﻷﺍ ﻡﻫﺃ ﻥﻤ ﻥﺇ ﻲﻫ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘ ﻡﺎﻴﻗ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺕﺩﺃ
: '' ﺏﺠﻭﺘـﺴﻴ ﺎـﻤﻤ ،ﺎﺒﺭﻏﻭ ﺎﻗﺭﺸ ﻥﻴﻤﻠﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺜﻜ ﺔـﻴﺒﻠﺘ
ﻥﺎـﻜ ﻱﺫـﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺭﺜﻷﺍﻭ ﺔﻬﺠ ﻥﻤ ﺱﺭﺍﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻨﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺩﻋﺎﺴ ﺓﺭﺜﻜﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﺘﺎﺠﺎﺤ ﺔﻴﻌﻤـﺴﻝﺍ لﺌﺎـﺴﻭﻠﻝ
ﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺭﺼﺒﻝﺍ ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻓﺭ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻤﻼﻋﻹ
ﺍ ﺓﺭﺜﻜ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻨﺭﺼﻋ ﻪﺒ ﻡﺴﺘﺍ ﺎﻤ ﻙﻝﺫﻜ ، ﺓﺩﺩﻌﺘﻤ ﺕﺎﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﺙﻴﺭﻭ ﻭﻬﻓ ،ﻑﺭﺎﻌﻤﻝ
لﻜ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻬﺸﻴ ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﺕﻼﺠﻤ ﻲﻓﻭ ﺎﻨﻴﺤ لﻴﺩﻌﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﺭﺎﻜﻓﺃ ﺓﺩﻻﻭ ﺔﻨﻭﺁ
ﻲـﻓ ﺓﺭـﺜﻜﻝﺍ ﻩﺫـﻬﻓ ،ﻯﺭـﺨﺃ ﺎﻨﺎﻴﺤﺃ ﻁﺎﺒﻨﺘﺴﻻﺍﻭ
ﻪـﻤﻠﻌﺒ ﺭﻴﻨﺘـﺴﻴ ﻩﺭﻴﻏ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺩﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺄﺠﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻝ ـﺎﻬﻠﺠﻴ ﻡﺎﻤﻝﻹﺍ ﺩﺤﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺕﻭﻔﺘ ﻲﻬﻓ ﺔﻴﺒﺎﺠﻴﺇ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﻥﺇﻭ ﻑﺭﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺫ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺴﺎﺴﻷﺎﺒﻭ ﺎﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻯﺩﺃ ﺎﻤ ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻙﻝ
ﻥﻴﺼﺼﺨﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﺩﺨ ﻪﻴﻤﺴﻨ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ
)''
21
.(
ﺏ - ﺔﺼﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﻲﻋﺍﻭﺩﻝﺍ :
،ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﻜ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘ ﺔﻤﺎﻋ لﻤﺸﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘ ﻡﺎﻴﻘﻝ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﺴﻷﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻲﻋﺍﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻲﻫ ﻙﻠﺘ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺍﺫﺇ ﻑﻘﻨ ﺎﻨﻨﺈﻓ
ﺽﻌﺒ ﻰﻠﻋ لﺜﻤﺘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﺼﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﻲﻋﺍﻭﺩﻝﺍ
ﻲﻓ : '' ﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﻹﺍ ﺓﺭﺜﻜ ﺇ ﺔﺤﻠﻤ ﺔﺠﺎﺤ ﺭﻭﻬﻅ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻯﺩﺃ ﺎﻤﻤ ،ﺎﻨﺭﺼﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻲ
ﻰـﻝ
ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﺭﻫﺎﻅﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻠﺠﺘ ﻡﻴﺴﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ
: ﺩﺎﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻴﻏ ﻭﺃ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﺯﺃ ﻥﻋ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ...
ﺏـﻝﺎﻁﻴ ﺎﻨﺭﻜﺫ ﺎﻤ ﻊﻀﻭﻝﺍﻭ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺎﻓ
ـﺒ
"
ﺢﻴﻀﻭﺘﻝﺍ "
ﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﺯﻐﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﻹﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺔﻬﺒﺎﺠﻤﻝ ﺔﻤﺯﻼﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﻭﺩﻷﺍ ﻡﹼﻠﻌﺘﻭ ،ﻡﻴﻴﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺴﺘﻜﺍ ﻕﺌﺍﺭﻁﻭ ﺎﻤﻭﻴ لﻏ
ﻲﻓ ﻡﻭﻴ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺽﻌﺒ ﺝﺍﺭﺩﺇ ﻙﻝﺫﻜ ،ﺔﺜﺍﺩﺤﻝﺍ
ﻝﺍ ﻬﺠﻤﺍﺭﺒ ﻥﻤﻀ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺴﺅﻤ ﺎ
ﺔﻴﻤﺴﺭﻝﺍ
، ﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺏﺠﻭﺘﺴﺍ ﺎﻤﻤ
ﻤ
ﺼﺨﺘ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﺼ
ﺞﻤﺍﺭﺒﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘﻝ ﺭﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﻝﺍ .
ﺏـﻠﻏﺃ ﻲـﻓ ﺔـﻗﻼﻋ ﻲﻫﻭ ،ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻱﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺙﺍﺭﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﺒ لﺼﺘﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺭﻴﺨﺃﻭ
ﺭﻭﻔﻨﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺩﻭﺴﻴ ﻥﺎﻴﺤﻷﺍ ﻲﻀﺘﻘﺘ ﻙﻝﺫ لﻜﻝ ،
ﻁﺒﻀﻭ ﻁﻴﻁﺨﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﻴﻅﻨﹼﺘﻠﻝ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻭﺼﺘﺨﻤﻝﺍ لﺨﺩﺘﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻀﺘﻘﻴﻭ ﺔﻤﻜﺤﻝﺍ
ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘ ﺕﺎﻴﺠﻴﺘﺍﺭﺘﺴﺍ
) ''
22
. (
6 . ﺴﺃ ـ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺱﻴﺭﺩﺘ ﺱ :
ﺱﺴﺃ ﺽﺭﻋ لﺒﻗ ﺎﻨﺒ ﺭﺩﺠﻴ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺱﻴﺭﺩﺘ
ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﻪﻘﺌﺍﺭﻁﻭ ﻭـﻫ لﻭﻷﺎﻓ ،ﺩﺩﺼﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﻤﻬﻤ ﻥﻴﻝﺍﺅﺴ ﺡﺭﻁﻨ ﻥﺃ
:
ﻲﻓ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻤ ﺱﺭﺩﻨ ﺍﺫﺎﻤﻝ ﻲﻓ لﺜﻤﺘﻴ ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍﻭ ؟ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ
:
؟ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺱﻴﺭﺩﺘ ﺱﺴﺃ ﻲﻫﺎﻤ
ﻭﻷﺍ لﺍﺅﺴﻝﺍ ﻥﺇ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺱﻴﺭﺩﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻱﺃ ؛ﺎﻫﺭﻜﺫ ﻕﺒﺴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻑﺍﺩﻫﻷﺎﺒ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﻴ ل
ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻑﺩﻬﻴ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻜﻠﻤ
ﺏﻝﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﻯﺩﻝ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻭ
ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺭﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫﻜﻭ ،ﺏﺩﻸﻝ ﻪﻗﻭﺫﺘ ﺙﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﻔﻝ لﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ
ﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﻪﻤﻴﻗ ﻥﻋ ﻑﺸﻜﻝﺍﻭ لﻼـﺨ ﻥـﻤ ،ﺔﻴﻨﻔ
ﺘ ﺎﻬﺤﺭﺸﻭ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤ ﺎﻫﺩﻘﻨ ﻡﺜ
.
ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺱﻴﺭﺩﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﻴﻤﺌﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻡﻅﻌﻤ ﻥﻜﻝﻭ ،ﺎﻘﺤﻻ ﺎﻫﺭﻜﺫ ﻡﺘﻴﺴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺱﺴﻷﺎﺒ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﻴﻓ ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﺃ -
ﺔﻴﻌﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ - ﻭ ﻥﻭﻘﻔﺘﻴ ﺍﻭﻨﺎﻜ ﻥﺇﻭ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻥﻭﻌﺴﻴ
ﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻥﻭﺩﻤﺘﻌﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ لﺌﺎﺴﻭﻝﺍ لﻭﺤ ﻥﻭﻔﻠﺘﺨﻴ ﻡﻬﻨﺈﻓ ،ﺩﺤﺍﻭ ﻑﺩﻫ ﻡﻬﻝ ﻕﻘﺤ
ﻨﻝﺍ ﺱﻴﺭﺩﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺒ ﻑﺩﻬﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻡﻬﻓ ﻭﻫ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻬﻨ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻘ
ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻗﻭﺫﺘﻭ
ﺱﺴﻷﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﻤﻭ ،ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻥﺄﺸ ﺎﻬﻨﺄﺸ
ﺩﺠﻨ :
6 . 1 . ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺙﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻱﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻴﻗ :
ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﻗﻭﺘﻴ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺱﻴﺭﺩﺘ ﻥﺄﺒ لﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻥﻭﺴﺭﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﺏﻫﺫﻴ ﺔﻠﻴﺼﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ
) ﺔـﻤﻴﺩﻘﻝﺍ ( ﻷ ؛ ﻥ ﻱﺃ
ﺩﺒﻻ ﻱﺩﻘﻨ ﺱﺭﺩ ﻱﺃ ،ﺎﻘﺒﺎﺴ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺎﻤ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺩﻋﺎﻗ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺱﺴﺄﺘﻴ ﻥﺃ
''
ﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻱﺭﻭﺭﻀﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺱﺴﺅ
ﻗ ﺔـﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﺴ
ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻩﺎﻴﺎﻀﻗﻭ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘﻝ لﺌﺎﺴﻭﻝﺍ ﺏﺴﻨﺃ ﻥﻤﻭ ،ﻱﺩﻘﻨ ﺙﺍﺭﺘ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻨﺩﺍﺩﺠﺃ ﻥﻋ ﻩﺎﻨﺜﺭﻭ ﺎﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻱﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺙﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﺘﻜ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻌﺴﻭﻤ ﺎﺼﻤﻭ
ﺱﺭـﻤﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺏـﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﻩﺫـﻫ ﻲـﻓ ﺓﺀﺍﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺏﻼﻁﻝﺍ ﺏﻴﺭﺩﺘﻭ ،ﺔﻠﻴﺼﻷﺍ ﻩﺭﺩ
ﺹﻴـﺨﻠﺘ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﺭﺼﻘﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻲﻐﺒﻨﻴ ﻻﻭ ،ﺎﻬﻴﻨﺎﻌﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺽﻤﻐﻴ ﺩﻗ ﺎﻤ ﺭﻴﻴﻐﺘ ﻭﺃ ،ﺎﻬﻤﻬﻓ ﺔﻝﻭﺎﺤﻤﻭ ﺎﻬﺒﻴﻝﺎﺴﺄﺒ ﺔﻴﻠﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻴﺤﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻯﺩﻌﺘﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺏﺠﻴ ﺎﻤﻨﺇﻭ ،ﺎﻫﺎﻴﺎﻀﻗﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﻗﺎﻨﻤﻭ ،ﺏـﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺞﻫﺎﻨﻤﻝ
ﺎﻫﺎﻴﺎـﻀﻗ ﺔـﺸ
ﺎﻫﺎﻴﺎـﻀﻗ ﺞﻫﺎـﻨﻤ ﺔﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﺒ ﻡﺎﻴﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺫﺘﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺏﻼﻁﻝﺍ ﻙﺭﺘﺸﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺏﺴﻨﻷﺍ ﻥﻤﻭ ،ﺔﻘﻴﻗﺩ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻋ ﺔﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤ ﻗﺩ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻋ ﺔﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤ ﺔﻘﻴ
) '' ﻭ ﺱﺭﺩ ﻱﺃ ﻥﺃ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻨﻌﻴ ؛ 23
ﻪﻋﻭﻨ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺎﻤﻬﻤ ــ ﻱﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻁﻘﻓ ﺱﻴﻝ ـــ
ﺱﺴﺄﺘﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺩﺒﻻ
ﺱﺭﻤﺘﻨ ﻥﺃﻭ ،ﺙﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺩﻋﺎﻗ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻜﺭﺎﺸﻤ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻤﻬﻓﻭ ﻪﺘﺀﺍﺭﻗ ﻰﻠﻋ
ﺔـﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻩﺫﺎﺘﺴﺃ ﻊﻤ ﺏﻝﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﺎـﻀﻗ
ﺏﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﺞﻫﺎﻨﻤﺒ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﺘ ﺎﻬﻠﻴﻠﺤﺘﻭ
ﺩﻝﺍ ﻪﺒ ﻲﻨﻌﻨ ﺎﻤ ﻱﺃ ؛ ﺭﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﺏﺤﻴ ﻻﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭ
ﻱﺭﻅﻨ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻁﻘﻓ .
6 ـ 2 . ﻲﺒﻭﺭﻭﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺭﻅﻨﻭ ﺩﻋﺍﻭﻘﺒ ﺓﺀﺎﻀﺘﺴﻻﺍ :
ﺱﺭﺩ لﻜﻝ ﺏﺴﻨﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺍ ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻤﺎﻋ ﺔﻔﺼﺒ
ﺼﺎﺨ ﺔﻔﺼﺒ ﻱﺩﻘﻨﻝ ﻌﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺔ
ﻪـﻴﻠﻋ ﻥﺎـﻜ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺱﺴﺃ ﺩﻤﺘ
ﺁ
،ﻩﺎﻴﺎﻀﻗ ﻡﻬﻔﻝ ﻯﺭﺨﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﺞﻫﺎﻨﻤﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒﺒ ﺔﻨﺎﻌﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﻊﻤ ،ﺎﻔﻨ ﺱﺭﺩـﻠﻝ ﻪـﺴﻔﻨ ﻥﺄـﺸﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫﻜ
،ﻱﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ '' ﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺱﺴﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺎﻤﻨﺇﻭ ،ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ لﻭﺼﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻱﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻘﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻲﻐﺒﻨﻴ ﻻ ﺫﺇ ،ﻲـﺒﻭﺭﻭﻷ
ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻗ ﻥﻤ ﺽﻌﺒ ﺔﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤﻭ ﻡﻬﻓ ﻲﻓ ﻩﺩﻋﺍﻭﻗﻭ ﻪﺘﺎﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﺽﻌﺒﺒ ﺀﻲﻀﺘﺴﻨ ﻥﺃﻭ ﺎﻨﺎﻴﺤﺃ ـ
- ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﺹﻭﺼﺨﻝﺎﺒﻭ
ﺔﻨﺎﻌﺘﺴﻻﺎﺒ ،ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺭﻫﺍﻭﻅﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﺴﻔﺘﻭ ﻡﻬﻓ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺒﻭﺭﻭﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻤﻠﻋ ﺽﻌﺒ ﺓﺩﺎﻓﺇ ﻊﻤ ،ﻲﺒﻭﺭﻭﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺌﺎﻅﻨ ﺎﻬﻝ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﺞﻫﺎﻨﻤﺒ )
ﻌﻜ ﻉﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﻡﻠﻋﻭ ،ﺱﻔﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻋﻭ ،ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻠ (
ﻲـﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺩـﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺸ ﺀﺎﻐﻝﺇ ﺭﺩﺠﻴ ﻻ ﻥﻜﻝ
ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺭﻫﺍﻭﻅﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺭﺠﺘﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺼﺌﺎﺼﺨ ﻥﻤ
) ''
24
؛(
ﻰﻠﻋ ﺍﺫﻫ لﺩﻴ ﹼﻨﺃ
ﺩـﺒﻻ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻝﺁﻭ ﺭﻫﺍﻭﻅ ﺭﻴﺴﻔﺘﻝ ﻪ
ﺕﺎﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﻻﺍ ﻥﻤ -
لﻜﻝﺍ ﺱﻴﻝﻭ ﺽﻌﺒﻝﺍ -
ﻭ ،ﻲﺒﻭﺭﻭﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺱﺴﺃﻭ ﻯﺭﺨﻷﺍ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒﺒ ﺔﻨﺎﻌﺘﺴﻻﺍ
ﻡـﻬﻔﻝ
ﺭﻭﺘﻜﺩﻝﺍ ﻱﺃﺭ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ ،ﺍﺩﻴﺠ ﺎﻤﻬﻓ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺭﻫﺍﻭﻅﻝﺍ
"
ﻱﻭﺎﻤﺸﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻜﺯ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ
"
ﺞﻫﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝ ﻱﺃ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺱﻴﺭﺩﺘﻝ ﺡﺭﺘﻘﻴﻭ ،
ﺱﺭﺍﺩﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﺜﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍﻭ
؛ ﻲﺒﻭﺭﻭﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﻠﺼﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﻱﺃ ''
ﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻴﺘﻋﺎﺴ ﺹﺼﺨ ﻥﻴﺘﻨـﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻥ
ﻥﻴﺘﻋﺎﺴ ﺹﺼﺨﺘ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﻙﻝﺫﻜ ﺎﻴﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﺴ ﻲﻓ ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﻤﺘﺴﻴﻭ ،ﺱﻨﺎﺴﻴﻠﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻌﺒﺍﺭﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﺜﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺘﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍ ـــــﻝ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻝﺎﺒ
" : ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ لﺨﺩﻤﻝﺍ "
ﻰﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺔﻨﺴﻠﻝ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻝﺎﺒ ﺏﺎﻌﻴﺘﺴﻻ
ﺎﺌﻴﺸ ﺔـﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔـﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ
ﻨﻝﺍ ﺞﻫﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺎﺼﻭﺼﺨﻭ ﺔﻴﺩﻘ
)''
25 .(
6 . 3 ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺎﺒ ﻱﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺍ لﺼﻭ ـ :
،ﺎـﻬﻝ ﻙﻠﻬﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻌﻠﺴﻠﻝ ﺞﺘﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻡﻭﻘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘﻜ لﺩﺎﺒﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻔﻨﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻤﺌﺎﻗ ﺓﺩﻴﻁﻭ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﺏﺩﻷﺎﺒ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﻥﺇ ﺭﺨﻷﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺝﺎﺘﺤﻴ ﺎﻤﻫﻼﻜﻓ ﺭﺨﻷﺍ ﻥﻭﺩ ﺎﻤﻫﺩﺤﺃ ﺭﻭﺼﺘ ﺏﻌﺼﻴﻭ
ﻑﻗﻭﺘﻴ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻫﺩﺯﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺫﺇ ، ﺍ ﺭﺎﻫﺩﺯﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ
ﺎﻤﻜ ﺏﺩﻷ
ﻙﻝﺫ ﺩﻜﺅﻴ
"
ﻤ ﻥﺎﻤﺜﻋ ﻰﻓﺍﻭ "
ﻪﻝﻭﻘﺒ : '' ﻥﻤ ﻭﺤﻨ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻙﺍﺫﺒ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻁﺒﺭ ﺏﺍﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺏﺭﻗﻷﺍﻭ ﺎﺤﻨﻷﺍ
ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘﺒ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘ ﻁﺒﺭﻜ ﺀ
ﻲـﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺱﺭﺩـﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻥﺈﻓ ،ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘ ﺱﺭﺩ ﻪﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ،ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘ ﺱﺭﺩ لﻭﺎﻨﺘﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﺒ ،ﺏﺩﻷﺍ لﻭﺎﻨﺘﻴ ﺃ ﻥﺴﺤﻴﻓ ﻲﻠﻫﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﻼﺜﻤ ﻩﺎﻴﺎـﻀﻗﻭ ﺭـﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺏﺩﺃ لﻭﺤ ﺭﻭﺩﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻱﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺙﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘ لﻭﺎﻨﺘﻴ ﻥ
ﺎـﻤﺃ ،ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻡﻫﺭﻅﻨ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﻭ ﺽﺭﻋﻭ ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺔﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺫﺘﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺏﻼﻁﻝﺍ ﻙﺭﺘﺸﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺩﻴﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ
ﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻕﺒﻁﻴﻭ ﺓﺭﺘﻔﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺏﺩﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺝﺫﺎﻤﻨ ﺭﺎﺘﺨﻨ ﻥﺃ ﺏﺴﻨﻷﺍ ﻥﻤﻓ ﻕﻴﺒﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺤﺎﻨ ﻥﻤ ﺱﺭﺩ ﺎـﻬﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﻲـﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺩﻋ
ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘ
)''
26
؛ (
ﻤﺎﻜﺘﻭ ﺓﺩﻴﻁﻭ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﺏﺩﻷﺎﺒ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﻥﺃ ﻲﻨﻌﻴ ﺎﻤ ،ﺎﻤﻬﻨﻴﺒ ل
ﺭـﺼﻌﻝﺎﻜ ﺎـﻤ ﺓﺭﻫﺎـﻅ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ لﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﺍﺫﺇ ﻪﻨﺃ ﺙﻴﺤﺒ
ﻝﺎﺒ ﻻﺇ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻡﺘﻴ ﻻ ﻥﻜﻝ ،ﻩﺎﻴﺎﻀﻗﻭ ﻪﺒﺩﺃﻭ ﺭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺙﺍﺭﺘ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ لﻭﺎﻨﺘﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺭﺩﺠﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻨﺈﻓ ،ﻼﺜﻤ ﻲﻠﻫﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻠﻁﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺔﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤ
ﺔﺒ
ﺕﺎﻬﺠﻭ ﺀﺍﺩﺒﺇﻭ ﺭﻅﻨ
ﻡﻫ ﻁﺒﺭ ﻊﻤ ﻲﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠﻝﺎﺒ ﻱﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠﻝﺍ
.
ﻨﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ لﺜﻤ ﺱﻴﺭﺩﺘﻝﻭ ﺡﺭﺘﻘﻴ ﻥﻭﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺝﺫﺎﻤ
"ﻤ ﻱﻭﺎﻤﺸﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻜﺯ ﺩﻤﺤ
"
: '' ﺱﺭﺩﻭ ﺩـﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺱﺭﺩ ﻥﻴـﺒ ﺔﻜﺭﺸ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﻥﺃ
ﺎﻫﺭﻴﺴﻔﺘﻭ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﺴ ﻲﻓ ﻥﺎﻜﻤ ﺎﻬﻝ ﺹﺼﺨﻴﻭ ،ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ...
ﺔﻴﺍﺩﺒ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻬﻨ ﻰﺘﺤ ﻰﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺔﻨﺴﻝﺍ
ﻤﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ لﺜ
ﺀﺍﻭـﺴﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻠﻝ ﻱﺭﻘﻔﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻩﺎﻨﻠﻌﺠﻭ ﻪﺒ ﺎﻨﻴﺩﺎﻨ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ''
) 27
.(
6 . 4 . ﻲﻏﻼﺒﻝﺍ ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺎﺒ ﻱﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻁﺒﺭ :
ﺎـﻁﺎﻘﻨ ﺔﻏﻼﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﺩﻘﻨﻠﻝ ﻥﺃ ﺔﻠﺌﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﺒﺎﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﺎﻨﻓﺩﺎﺼ ،ﺔﻏﻼﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺏﺘﻜ ﺽﻌﺒﻝ ﺎﻨﺤﻔﺼﺘ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ،ﺔﻜﺭﺘـﺸﻤ
ﺴﻔﻨ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻏﻼﺒﻝﺍ ﺱﺭﺩ ﻥﺃ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻨﻌﻤ ﺱﻴﻝﻭ ،ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻭﻘﺘﻜ ﻰﻓﺍﻭﻤ ﻥﺎﻤﺜﻋ ﻩﺩﻜﺃ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ ،ﺎﻤﻬ
ﻪﻨﺄﺒ : '' ﻰﻨـﺴﺘﻴ ﻲﻜﻝ
ﻥـﻋ ﺎﻔﻴﻔﻁ ﺎﻓﻼﺘﺨﺍ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻴ ﺍﺫﻫ لﺎﺠﻤ ﻥﺃ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﻭ ﻲﻏﻼﺒﻝﺍ ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺎﺒ ﻪﻁﺒﺭ ﻥﺴﺤﻴﻓ ،ﺓﺩﻭﺸﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﻴﺎﻏ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘ ﻱﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺱﺭﺩﻠﻝ ﻙﻝﺫ لﺎﺠﻤ ﺸﻝﺎﺒ ﻲﻏﻼﺒﻝﺍ ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﻌﻴ ﺩﻘﻓ ،
ﻥﺎـﻴﻘﺘﻠﻴ لﺎﺤ لﻜ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻤﻬﻨﻜﻝ ،ﻪﻠﻜ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ لﻤﻌﻝﺎﺒ ﻱﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﻌﻴ ﺩﻗﻭ ،لﻜ
ﻻﻭ ﻩﺩﺤﻭ لﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻊﺠﺭﻴ ﻻ ،ﻪﺘﺩﻭﺠ ﺱﺎﻴﻗ ﻭﺃ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻭﻘﺘ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺎﻤﻝﻭ ،ﻩﺩﻘﻨﻭ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻭﻘﺘ لﻭﺤ ﺔﻴﺎﻬﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻼﺒﻝﺍ ﺱﺭﺩ ﻥﻴﺒ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﺏﺍﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺱﻴﻠﻓ ،ﻙﺍﺫﻭ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻤﻨﺇﻭ ،ﻩﺩﺤﻭ ﻥﻭﻤﻀﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺏﺭﻗﻷﺍ ﺎﻤﻨﺇﻭ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺱﺭﺩﻭ ﺔﻏ
ﺏﺍﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﻙﺍﺫﺒ ﺍﺫﻫ لﺼﻭ
...
لﻭﺎـﻨﺘ ﻙـﻝﺫ ﻥـﻤ ﺩﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﻨﺇﻭ ،ﺍﺩﺤﺍﻭ ﺎﺴﺭﺩ ﺎﻤﻫﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺍﻭ ﺎﻌﻤ ﻥﻴﺴﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺫﻫ ﺞﻤﺩ ﻲﻨﻌﻴ ﻻﻭ
ﺔﻜﺭﺘﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻊﻨﻤﻴ ﻻﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻌﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻤﺩﻘﺘﻤﻝﺍ لﺤﺍﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻼﺜﻤ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻥﻜﻴﻝﻭ ،ﺎﻌﻤ ﺎﻤﻬﺘﺴﺍﺭﺩﻭ ﺎﻤﻬﻨﻴﺒ
ﺕﺎﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻝﺍ لﺤﺍﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺔﻠﺼﻔﻨﻤ ﻥﻴﺭﺨﺄﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺘﻜ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺀﺎﺠ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺔﻏﻼﺒﻝﺍ
ﻤ
،ﺓﺭﺨﺄﺘ ﻲـﻓ ﺎﻤﺃ ﻕـﻴﺒﻁﺘﻝﺍ
ﻪـﺒﻨﺍﻭﺠ ﻊـﻴﻤﺠ ﻥـﻤ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ لﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﺩﻗﺎﻨﻠﻝ ﻰﻨﺴﺘﻴ ﻰﺘﺤ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺩﻋﺍﻭﻗﻭ ﺔﻏﻼﺒﻝﺍ ﺩﻋﺍﻭﻗ ﻥﻴﺒ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﻡﺩﻋ ﻥﺴﺤﻴﻓ
) ''
28
؛(
ﻬﻨﺈﻓ ،ﺔﻏﻼﺒﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ لﺎﺠﻤ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﺍ ﺎﻤﻬﻤ ﻪﻨﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻡﻼﻜﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺭﻴﺸﻴ ﻩﺭﺎـﺒﺘﻋﺎﺒ ﻲـﺒﺩﻷﺍ لﻤﻌﻠﻝ ﺎﻤﻫﺩﻘﻨ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻥﺎﻴﻘﺘﻠﻴ ﺎﻤ
لﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻊﺠﺭﻴ ﺔﻜﺭﺘﺸﻤ ﻁﺎﻘﻨ ﻲﻓ ﻥﺎﻴﻘﺘﻠﻴ ﺎﻤﻬﻨﺃ ﻱﺃ ،ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻝﺍﻭ
: ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺔﻐﻝﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺼﻝﺍﻭ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍﻭ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻅﻔﻠﻝﺎﻜ .
..
ﺩﻜﺅﻴ "
ﻱﻭﺎﻤﺸﻌﻝﺍ "
ﻼﺌﺎﻗ ﺔﻏﻼﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﻡﺩﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻴﺃﺭ :
'' ﻝ ﻰﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺔﺴﻤﺨﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻨﻝ ﺢﻀﺍﻭﻭ ﺓﺭﺠﻬﻠ
ﻰﻠﻋﻭ ،ﻲﻏﻼﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﻱﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺙﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺎﻫﺩﺯﺍ ﺩﻬﻋ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﻥﻭﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺹﺨﻷﺍ
"
ﺱﻤﺎﺨﻝﺍﻭ ﻊﺒﺍﺭﻝﺍﻭ ﺙﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ "
ﺍﺀﺩﺒ ﻱﺃ
"
ﻅﺤﺎﺠﻝﺎﺒ
"
ﺀﺎﻬﺘﻨﺍﻭ
"
ﻲﻨﺎﺠﺭﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﻫﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻌﺒ
"
ﻻﻭ ، ﻱﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﺜﺍﺭﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤ ﻉﻭﺭﺃ ﺡﺭﻁﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺕﻋﺎﻁﺘﺴﺍ ﺩﻗ ﺓﺭﺘﻔﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﺃ ﺩﺤﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻰﻔﺨﻴ
ﻲﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻱﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻴﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ .
ﻭ ﻥﻋ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ لﺼﻔﻨﻴ ﻡﻝ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﺄﺒ ﺎﻫﺎﻨﻏ ﻕﻭﻓ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕﺯﺎﺘﻤﺍ
ﻥﺎﻜﻓ ،ﺔﻏﻼﺒﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﻥﺎﻨﺜﻻﺍ
ﺒﺤ ﺔﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ ﻥﺎﻴﺩﺅﻴﻭ ﺓﺩﺤﺍﻭ ﺔﻠﺒﻨﺴ ﻲﻓ ﺢﻤﻗ ﻲﺘ ﺔـﻤﻠﻜ ﺕﻨﺎﻜﻭ ،
"
ﻥﺎـﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﻲـﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ "
ﻲـﻫ
،ﻪﺌﻴﺩﺭ ﻥﻤ ﻩﺩﻴﺠ ﻡﻼﻜﻝﺍ ﺯﻴﻴﻤﺘﺒ ﻰﻨﻌﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﻤﺠ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻕﻠﻁﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﹸﺘﻠﻴﺴﻭ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺎﻜ ﺔﻏﻼﺒﻝﺍ ﺕﻨﺎﻜﻓ
ﻲـﻓ ﺎﻨ
ﻕﺌﺎﻘﺤ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺎﻤﻭ ﻡﻴﻗ ﻥﻤ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤ ﻙﺍﺭﺩﺇ ...
)''
29 .(
6 ـ 5 ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺤﺎﻨﻝﺎﺒ :
ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺀﺍﻭﺴ ،ﺓﺩﺎﻤ ﻱﺃ ﺱﻴﺭﺩﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺼﻨﻋ ﻡﻫﺃ ﺔﻴﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺤﺎﻨﻝﺎﺒ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﻻﺍ ﺭﺒﺘﻌﻴ ﺃﻭ
ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺎـﻫﺭﻴﻏ ﻭﺃ
ﻪﻨﺃ ﺫﺇ ،ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ :
'' ﻫﺃ ﻥﻤ ﻊـﻤﺠﻝﺍ ،ﻱﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻡﻭﻘﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻲﻐﺒﻨﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺤﻴﺤﺼﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﻋﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍﻭ ﺱﺴﻷﺍ ﻡ
ﺤﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺤﺎﻨﺒ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﻻﺍ ﺏﺍﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺱﻴﻠﻓ ﻡﺜ ﻥﻤﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺤﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺩﻗﻭ ،ﻯﺭﺨﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﺤﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺴﺤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﺓﺩ
ﻱﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻨﻅﺤﻻ ﺍ ﺔﻴﺤﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﻀﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻘﺘﻔﻴ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠﻝﺎﺒ
ﺕﺩﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﺴﻷﺍ ﺩﺤﺃ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺎﻤﺒﺭﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘﻝ
ﻑﺎﻌﻀﺇ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺭﺎﻤﺜ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺜﻜﻝﺍ ﻉﺎﻴﻀﻭ ،ﺏﻼﻁﻝﺍ ﻯﺩﻝ ﻲﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﻕﻭﺫﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﻠﻤ
ﻯﻭﺘـﺴﻤ ﻯﺭﻨ ﻥﺃ ﺏﻴﺭﻐﺒ ﺱﻴﻠﻓ ﺍﺫﻬﻝﻭ
ﻡﻭﻴ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺎﻤﻭﻴ لﺀﺎﻀﺘﻴ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺩﺎﻤﻋ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜﻠﻝ ﺏﻼﻁﻝﺍ لﻴﺼﺤﺘ
) ''
30
؛ (
ﺏﺠﻴ ﻪﹼﻨﺃ ﻲﻨﻌﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﻻﺍ
ﻝﺎﺒ ﻼﺨ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺱﻴﺭﺩﺘ ﺀﺎﻨﺜﺃ ﺔﻴﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺤﺎﻨ ﺔﻴﺤﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﻑ
ﻻ ﺙﻴﺤ ،ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﺘـﻴ
ﻁﻘﻓ ﺭﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﺜﻤﻷﺍﻭ ﺩﻫﺍﻭﺸﻝﺍ ﺭﻜﺫ ﻰﻠﻋ
ﺩﻫﺍﻭﺸﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒﻝ ﻲﺌﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻠ ﺀﺍﻭـﺴ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ لﻤﻌﻠﻝ ﺎﻴﻠﻜ ﺍﺩﻘﻨ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻤﻨﺇﻭ ،
ﻓﺎﻘﺜ ﻊﻴﺴﻭﺘﻭ ﺏﻝﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﻯﺩﻝ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﻠﻤ ﺯﻴﺯﻌﺘ ﻡﺘﻴ ﻰﺘﺤ ﻱﺭﺜﻨ ﺹﻨ ﻡﺃ ﺓﺩﻴﺼﻗ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻪﺘ
.
7 . ﺕﺍﻭﻁﺨﻝﺍ :
ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺩﺎﻤ ﺔﻴﺃ ﺱﻴﺭﺩﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺀﺩﺒﻝﺍ لﺒﻗ ﻪﻨﺃ
ﻰﻝﻭﺃ ﺕﺍﻭﻁﺨﺒ ﺭﻭﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺒ ﻼﻓ ،ﻲﻨﻓ لﻤﻋ ﻱﺃ ﺩﻘﻨ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ
ﺭﻜﺫﻨ ﺕﺍﻭﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﻤﻭ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﻠﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺏﻝﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﺏﻴﺭﺩﺘﻭ ﺏﺎﺴﻜﻹ :
ﻩﺩﻘﻨ لﺒﻗ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺓﺀﺍﺭﻗ ـﺃ :
ﻭﺃ ﺓﻭﻁﺨﻜ ﺓﺀﺍﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺓﻭﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ لﺜﻤﺘﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﻷﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺩﺴﺠﺘﺘ ﺫﺇ ،ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺩﻘﻨ لﺒﻗ ﻰﻝﻭﺃ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁﻜ
'' ﻡﻴﻭـﻘﺘ
ﻥﺃ ﻑﻭﺭـﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻥـﻤﻭ ،ﻪﻗﻭﺫﺘﻭ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﻔﻝ ﺎﻴﺭﻭﻌﺸﻭ ﺎﻴﻨﻫﺫ ﻡﻬﺘﺌﻴﻬﺘﻭ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﻝﺍ ﻕﻁﻨﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻬﺒﻴﺭﺩﺘﻭ ﺏﻼﻁﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺴﻝﺃ ﺓﺭـﺜﻜ
ﹸﺘ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺹﻨ ﻱﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻥﺎﻌﻤﻹﺍﻭ ﺓﺀﺍﺭﻘﻝﺍ لﻭﻘﻴ ﺍﺫﻬﻝ ،ﺎﻗﺍﺩﺼﻤﻭ ﻪﺤﻀﻭﺘ ﺩﻗﻭ ،ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﻓ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﻴﻌ
ﺎﻨﺩـﻗﺎﻨ
ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻼﺴ ﻥﺒﺍ :
ﻪﺒ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻯﺩﻌﺘﻝ ﺔﺴﺭﺍﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺜﻜ ﻥﺇﻭ
)''
31
.(
ﻘﺘ ـ ﺏ ﻴﻨﻓ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻭ ـ
ﺎ :
ﻙﻝﺫ ﻕﺭﻁﻭ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻤ ﻡﻴﻠﻌﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺏﻝﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﺏﻴﺭﺩﺘ ﻥﺇ ﹼﻜﻤﻴ
ﺍﺫﺇﻭ ،ﻪﻤﻴﻭﻘﺘﻭ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﻠﻤ ﺏﺎﺴﻜﺇ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻤﺘﺤ ﻪﻨ
ﻷﺍ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻁﻘﻓ ﺱﻴﻝﻭ لﻤﻋ ﻭﺃ ﺱﺭﺩ ﻱﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﻬﻤ ﻡﻴﻭﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﻡﻴﻭـﻘﺘﻝ ﺓﺭﻴﺨﺃ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤﻜ ﻲﺘﺄﻴ لﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁﺒ ﻪﻨﺈﻓ ،ﻲﺒﺩ
ﺙﺤﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﻁ ﻥﻤ ﻱﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ
ﻻﻭﺃ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺏﻠﻁﺘﻴﻭ ، :
'' ﺩـﻗﻭ ﺔـﻴﻝﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍﻭ ﺔـﻴﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻗ ﻥﻋ ﻑﺸﻜﻝﺍ
ﻩﺭـﺼﻋﻭ ﻪﺒﺤﺎـﺼﺒ ﻪﺘﻠـﺼ ﻥﻋ ﻑﺸﻜﻝﺍﻭ ﻩﺎﻘﻴﺴﻭﻤﻭ ﻩﺭﻭﺼﻭ ﻪﺘﻐﻝﻭ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺹﻨﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺏﻠﻁﺘﻴ ﻪﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻭ ﺍ ﺱﻴﻴﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻗﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺱﺭﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﻴﻭ ، ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻑﺭﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒﻭ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝ
ﺕﺎـﻴﻁﻌﻤ لـﺜﻤ ،
ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻉﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍﻭ ﺱﻔﻨﻝﺍﻭ لﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻌﻜ
ﻭﺫ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻑﺎﻀﻴ ، ﻪﺘﻠـﺼﺃ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﻪﻗ
ﻲـﻓ ﺓﺀﺍﺭـﻘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭـﺜﻜ
ﺩﻷﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻝ ﺔﻠﻴﻭﻁﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺸﻴﺎﻌﻤﻭ ﺔﻴﺒ
) ''
32
؛ (
ﻫ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻑﺸﺘﺴﻨ ﺍﺫ
ﻝﺍ ﺡﺭﻁ ﺩﻴﺠﻝﺍ ﺩﻗﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ )
ﺏﻝﺎﻁﻝﺍ ( ﺩـﻴﺠ ﺉﺭﺎﻗ ﻭﻫ
ﻻ ﺏﻝﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺩﻗﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﻉﺍﺩﺒﺇ ﻥﻷ ،ﺎﻋﺩﺒﻤ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻥﻷ ﻪﻠﻫﺅﺘ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨ ﺱﻴﻴﺎﻘﻤﻭ ،ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﻡﻭﻠﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻩﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺎﺒ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻘﺜ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ ﺓﺭﻴﺜﻜﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺀﺍﺭﻘﻝ ﺓﺭﻤﺜ ﻲﺘﺄﻴ لﺒ ﻍﺍﺭﻓ ﻥﻤ ﺄﺸﻨﻴ .
ﻪﻨﻤﻭ '' ﺩ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺩﻘﻨ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺍﺫﺈﻓ ﺱﺭﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺏﻠﻁﺘﻴ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺱﺭ
) ﺏﻝﺎﻁﻝﺍ ( ﺓﺭـﺜﻜ
ﺀﺍﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏﻭ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻉﻼﻁﻻﺍﻭ ﺓ ﺩـﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻴ ﻻ ﻱﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﺈﻓ ،
ﻙﻝﺫ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘﻝﺍ
)''
33
ﻠﻋ ﻥﻭﻜﻨ ﻥﺃ ﺩﺒﻻ ﻱﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺱﺭﺩﻨ ﻲﻜﻝ ﻪﻨﺃ ﻡﻼﻜﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ لﺩﻴ ؛(
ﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺞﻫﺎﻨﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﻲﻋﻭ ﻰ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷ
،
ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺎﻤﺒ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻠﻝ ﺓﺭﻤﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺀﺍﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﻗﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﺏﻝﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺏﺠﻭ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻏﻭ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ
ﺔـﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﺎﻨﻝ ﻰﻨﺴﺘﻴ ﻰﺘﺤ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺭﻴ
ﺏﺠﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻲﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠﻝﺍ .
8 . ﺏﻝﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﻯﺩﻝ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﻠﻤ ﺯﻴﺯﻌﺘﻭ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺱﻴﺭﺩﺘﻝ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻕﺭﻁﻝﺍ :
ﻥﻜﻤﺘ ﻕﺭﻁ ﺓﺩﻋ ﺩﺠﻭﺘ ﺏﻝﺎﻁﻝﺍ
ﺓﺀﺎﻔﻜ ﻪﺒﺎﺴﻜﺇ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻘﻨ
ﺔﻴ ﻭ ﻴﺯﻌﺘ ﻜﻠﻤﻝﺍ ﺯ ﻰﻝﻭﻷﺍ لﺜﻤﺘﺘ ﺫﺇ ،ﻪﻴﺩﻝ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔ ﻲـﻓ
'' ﻡـﻬﻔﻝﺍ
ﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺭﻔﻤﻠﻝ ﻕﻴﻗﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﺝﺍﺭﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﻡﺜ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻠﻝ
ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺒ ،ﺔﻴﻋﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻜﻓﻷﺍﻭ ﺓﺭﺩـﻗ ﺯﻴﺯﻌﺘﻝ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻴﺭﻭﺭﻀ ﺍﺭﻤﺃ
ﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻰﻠﺠﺘﺘ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺏﻝﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﻯﺩﻝ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﺘﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻜﻓﻷﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻡﻬﻓ ل
ﺒ ﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﺒ ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﺭﻴ ﻪﺒﻭﻠـﺴﺄﺒ ﻱﺃ ،ﺏـﻝ
ﺹﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻭﺠﺒ ﻪﻤﺎﻤﻝﺇ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ ، ﺍ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺎﺒ ﻪﺘﻐﻝ ﺔﻨﺯﺍﻭﻤ
ﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻤﺩﺨﺘﺴ ﺎـﻤﺃ ،ﺍﺭﻴﻭﺼﺘﻭ ﺍﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘ ﺹﻨ
ﺍ ﻁﻝ ﻝﺫ ﻥﻋ ﺓﺭﺒﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﺫﻭﻤﻨﻷﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﺜﻤﺘﺘﻓ ﺔﺜﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﺭ ﻲﻨﺄـﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺎﻋﺍﺭﻤ ﺏﻨﺎﺠ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻙ
ﺝﺍﺭـﺨﺇ لﻼـﺨ ﻥـﻤ
ﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻤﻠﻜﻝﺍ ﻁﺒﻀﻭ ﺎﻬﺠﺭﺎﺨﻤ ﻥﻤ ﻑﻭﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎـﻤﻠﻜﻝﺍ ﻲـﻓ لﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﻁﺍﻭﻤ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﻊﻤ ﺢﻀﺍﻭ ﺕﻭﺼﺒ ﺕﻻﺎﻌﻔﻨﻻﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺭﻴﺒﻌ
ﹸﺘﻭ ،ﺭﻭﺼﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﻪﺘـﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤ ﻡـﺜ ﺭـﻴﺒﻌﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻅﻔﻠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﻁﺍﻭﻤﻭ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻤﺎﻀﻤ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘﺒ ﺓﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁﻝﺍ ﻰﻨﻌ
ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺠ ﺔﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤ
) ''
34
؛ (
ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﺈﻓ ﻪﻨﻤﻭ ﻕﺭﻁﻝﺍ
ﺎﻫﺭﻜﺫ ﻕﺒﺴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ''
ﺘ ﻹﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻱﺩﺅ ﻝ
ـﺒﺩﻷﺍ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻭﺠﺒ ﻡﺎﻤ ﻲ
ﻱﺃﺭ ﻥﻴﻭـﻜﺘﻭ ،
ﻝﺎﺒ ﻥﻴﻌﻤ ﺹﻨﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻘ ﺔﻴﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﺭﺩﻗﻭ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺭﺴﺃ ﻡﻬﻔﺘﺒ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻕﻭﺫﺘﻭ ،
ﻁﺎـﻤﻨﺃﻭ ،ﺎﻬﻅﺎﻔﻝﺃﻭ ﺎﻬﻓﻭﺭﺤ ﺔﻤﻴﻗﻭ ،
ﺎﻬﺘﺍﺭﺎﺒﻋ ﻕﺴﻨ ﻭﺃ ﺎﻬﺘﺍﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘ
) ''
35
؛ (
ﺭﻓﻭﺘﺘ ﻻ ﻪﻨﺃ ﻲﻓ ﻑﻗﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻠﺠﺘﻴ ﻕﺭـﻁﻝﺍ ﻩﺫـﻫ ﻯﺭﺤﻷﺎـﺒ ﻭﺃ ﻑـﻗﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ
'' ﻻﺇ
ﺭﺩﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺏﻴ ﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻬﻤﻝﺍ
ﺎﻬﺒﺎﺴﺘﻜﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﻤ ﺔﻴﻨﺍﺩﺠﻭﻭ ﺔﻴﻓﺭﻌﻤ ﺔﻴﻔﻠﺨ ﺭﻴﻓﻭﺘﻭ ،
ﺏﻝﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻤﻨﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺫﺎﺘﺴﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺏﺠﻭ ﻙﻝﺫﻜ ،
ﺭﺍﺩـﺼﺈﺒ ﻪـﺒﻝﺎﻁﻝ ﺢﻤـﺴﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻤ ﺱﺭﺩﻴ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺫﺎﺘﺴﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻁﺭﺘﺸﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﻠﻤﻠﻝ ﻪﻗﻭﺫﺘﻭ ﺓﺀﺍﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺩﻗ ﺓﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍ ﻊﻤ ،ﻪﻅﻔﺤﻴﻭ ﺱﺭﺩﻴ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻜﺤﻷﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ
ﻝﺍ ﺡﺭﺸ ﺔـﻠﺤﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻲـﻓ ﺏـﻝﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺒ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺩﻋﺍﻭﻘ
ﺔﻤﺩﻘﺘﻤﻝﺍ )
ﺔﻴﻌﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ ( ﺓﺭﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺝﻭﺤﺃ لﺎﻤﺠﻝﺎﺒ ﺱﺎﺴﺤﻹﺍﻭ ،ﻪﻴﺩﻝ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ
ﻥﺃ ﺎﻀﻴﺃ ﺫﺎﺘﺴﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺏﺠﻭ ﺎﻤﻜ ،
ﺔﻤﺌﻼﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺒ ﺏﻝﺎﻁﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻱﺃ ؛ﺕﺎﻨﺯﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻨﺭﺎﻘﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﻡﺎﻴﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﺭﻓ ﺏﻝﺎﻁﻠﻝ ﺢﻴﺘﻴ ﺱﻴﺭﺩـﺘﻠﻝ
ﻩﺩﻘﻨﻴ ﻡﺜ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺏﻝﺎﻁﻝﺍ لﻤﺄﺘﻴ ﺔﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻨﺃ ﺫﺇ ،ﻪﺴﻴﺭﺩﺘ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁ ﻥﻤ ﻭﺃ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺍﻭﺴ ﺩﻭﺼﻘﻤﻝﺍ لﻭﺤ ﺎـﻬﺒﻠﻁﻴ ــــ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁﻝﺍ ﻱﺃ ـــ ﺔﻤﻬﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫﻭ ﺭﻴﺭﺎﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺎﺘﻜ ﺏﻝﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﻯﺩﻝ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺩﻗ ﺭﻭﻁﺘ ﺏﺎﺒﺴﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺠﻨ ﻙﻝﺫﻜ ، ﻴﺭﺎﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺵﻗﺎﻨﺘ ﻲﻜﻝ ﺔﺒﻠﻁﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺫﺎﺘﺴﻷﺍ ﺭ
ﺎﻴﻤﻠﻋ ﺍﺩﻘﻨ ﺩﻘﻨﺘﻭ ﺔﺤﻴﺤﺼ ﺔﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤ
) 36
؛(
ﻥﻤ ﺞﺘﻨﺘﺴﻨ لﻼﺨ
،ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﺱﻴﺭﺩﺘﻝ ﻕﺭﻁﻝﺍ ﻊﺠﻨﺃ ﺭﻴﺭﺎﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﺍﺩﻋﺇﻭ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁ ﻥﺃ ﺡﺭﻁﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ
ﺎﻫﺯﻴﺯﻌﺘﻭ ﺏﻝﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﻯﺩﻝ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻝ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ .
ﺨ ﺔﺼﻼ : ﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﻤ ﺹﻠﺨﻨ ﺴﺃ ﻥﻋ ﺕﺭﻔﺴﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺞﺌﺎﺘﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻋ
ﺱ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺱﻴﺭﺩﺘ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ
ﻭ ﻪﻗﺭﻁ
ﻭ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﺘﻷﺎﻜ ﺭﻬﻅﺘ :
1 . ﻭﻫ لﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﺭﻔﺴﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺞﺌﺎﺘﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﻫﺃ ﻥﻤ ﻥﺇ :
ﺕـﻓﺭﻋ ﻲـﺘﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘ لﻭﺤ ﺙﻭﺤﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﻗ
ﻊﻓﺩ ﺎﻤ ،ﻱﺩﻴﺯﻝﺍ ﻕﻴﻓﻭﺘ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﺎﺸﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺎﻴﻠﻜ ﺎﻓﻭﺯﻋ ﺒ
ﻝﺇ ﺏﻝﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺎ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺓﺀﺍﺭﻘﻝﺎﺒ ﺀﺎﻔﺘﻜﻻﺍ ﻡﺩﻋ ﻰ
، لـﺒ
ﻭ ﻡﺎﻜﺤﻷﺍ ﺭﺍﺩﺼﺇ ﻡﺜ لﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺡﺭﺸﻝﺍﻭ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﻭﻌﺘﻴ ﻲﻜﻝ ،ﻲﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤ ﻱﺃ ﺔﻴﺠﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺝﺎﺘﺤﻴ .
2 . ﺔﻠﻴﺼﻷﺍ ﻱﺃ ـــ ﺔﻤﻴﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﻭﻗﻭﻝﺎﺒ ﺩﺩﺤﺘﻴ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺱﻴﺭﺩﺘ ﻥﺇ ﺔـﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻱﺃ ﻥﻷ ـــ
)
ﺱﺭﺩ ( ﻩﺭﻴﻏ ﻭﺃ ﻲﺒﺩﺃ ﻭﺃ ﻱﺩﻘﻨ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺀﺍﻭﺴ لﻤﻋ ﻭﺃ ...
ﺩﺒﻻ ﺘﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻰﻨﺒﻴ ﺓﺩﻋﺎﻗ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺱﺴﺄ ﺎ
ﻭﺃ ﺏﻝﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﻔﺘﺴﻴ ﻲﻜﻝ
ﺕـﻨﺎﻜ ﺀﺍﻭـﺴ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺞﻫﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﺭﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻨﻜﻤﺘ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﻪﺘﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﻕﻠﻁﻨﻴﻭ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﻥﻤ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻤﻴﺩﻗ .
4 . ﻙﻝﺫـﻜ ﻱﺃﺭﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺩﻜﺅﻴﻭ ،ﺎﻤﻬﺘﻤﻴﻗﻭ ،ﺎﻤﻬﻓﺍﺩﻫﺃﻭ ﺎﻤﻬﻴﺘﻔﻴﻅﻭ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻰﺘﺤ ﻻﻭ ﺔﻏﻼﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﻡﺩﻋ )
ﺩـﻤﺤﻤ
ﺯ ﻲﻜ ﻱﻭﺎﻤﺸﻌﻝﺍ (
لﺎﻗ ﻥﻴﺤ ...
ﻻﺃ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﺔـﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﺘﺎﻴﺤ ﻲﻓ ﺱﻭﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﻁﺨﺃﻭ ﻡﻫﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺎﻜ ﺔﻏﻼﺒﻝﺎﻓ ''
ﻡﻜﺤﺒ ﺎﻬﺘﻴﻤﻫﺃﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﻤﻴﻗ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘﻭ ﺍﻭﻨ ﺎﻬﻨﻭﻜ
ﻓ ﺔﻴﻤﺎﻨﻭ ﺓﺭﻭﻁﺘﻤ ﺓ ﺤﻭﻤ ﻱﻭﻀﻋ ﻥﺎﻴﻜ ﻲ
ﻻ ﻱﺫـﻝﺍ ﻲـﻨﻔﻝﺍ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺩ
ﺕﺎـﻀﻗﺎﻨﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴـﺒ ﺭﻬـﺼﻴ ﺎـﺠﺍﺯﺘﻤﺍ ﺝﺯﺘﻤﺘﻭ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﻜ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺭﻬﺼﻨﺘ ﻱﺫﻝﺍﻭ لﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺀﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻓ لﺼﻔﻨﻴ ﺤﻭﻴﻭ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﻗﺭﻔﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﻋﺎﺒﺘﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺎﻤﻬﻨﻴﺒ ﺩ
) ''
37
.(
5 . ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻱﺃ ؛ﻲﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻴﻏ )
ﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﺔﻴ
( ﻰـﻝﺇ ﻯﺩﺃ ﺎـﻤ ﺍﺫـﻫﻭ ،
،ﻁﻘﻓ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻠﻝ ﻭﺸﺤ ﻱﺃ ؛ﻥﻴﻘﻠﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻠﺌﺴﻷﺍ ﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﻻ ،ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﺘﻜﻠﻤ ﻑﺎﻌﻀﺇﻭ ﺔﺒﻠﻁﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﺽﺎﻔﺨﻨﺍ ﺔﻴﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺙﻴﺤﺒ ،ﻲﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠﻝﺍﻭ ﻱﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻊﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻰﻠﺠﺘﺘ ﺔﻴﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﻥﻷ ﺹﻭﺼﺨﻝﺎﺒﻭ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻠﻝ ﺱﺎﺴﺃ ﺎـﻬﻤﻬﻓﻭ ﺹﻭـﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻕﻭﺫـﺘ ﻻﺇ ﻭﻫﺎﻤ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺱﻴﺭﺩﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺒ ،ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ
ﻱﻭﺎﻤﺸﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻜﺯ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﺭﻭﺘﻜﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺩﻜﺃ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ ،ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻡﻜﺤﻝﺍﻭ لﺎﻗ ﻥﻴﺤ
: '' ﺔـﻴﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﺔـﻴﻠﻴﻠﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﻥﺇ
ﻭ ،ﺹﺎﺨ ﻪﺠﻭﺒ ﺔﻴﻏﻼﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍﻭ ،ﻡﺎﻋ ﻪﺠﻭﺒ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻠﻝ ﺎﻤﺎﻫﻭ ﺎﺒﻠﺼ ﺎﺴﺎﺴﺃ ﺭﺒﺘﻌﺘ ﺱﺭﺩ ﻥﺃ ﻯﺭـﻴ
ﺔـﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔـﻤﺩﺨﻝ لﺒ ،ﺏﺴﺤﻓ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻻ ،ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺒﻜﻷﺍ ﻡﺠﺤﻝﺍ لﻐﺸﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻲﻐﺒﻨﻴ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺡﺭﺘﻘﻤﻝﺍﻭ ـ ﻕﻴﺒﻁﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﻻﺇ ﺎﻬﺘﻴﺎﻏ ﻎﻠﺒﺘﻭ ﺎﻬﻓﺩﻫ ﺏﺼﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻻ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ لﻜ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻨﻤ ﺎﻨﺎﻤﻴﺇ ،ﺎﻬﺘﺍﺫ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺒﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﻝ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻕﺭﻓ لﻜ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﺴ ﺹﺼﺨﺘ ﻪـﺘﺎﻫﺎﺠﺘﺍ ﻑـﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﺴ ﻡﺩﺨﺘﺴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻘﻴ
''
) 38
.(
6 . ﺔﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁ ﻥﺇ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ
ﺔـﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻪـﺌﺍﺭﺃ ﻥﻋ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺏﻝﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﻥﻜﻤﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻕﺭﻁﻝﺍ ﻡﻫﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺭﺎﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﺍﺩﻋﺇﻭ
ﺭﻴﺭﺎﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘﻝ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ،ﺍﺩﻴﺠ ﺎﻤﻬﻓ ﺎﻬﻤﻬﻓﻭ .
ﺩﻘﻓ ،لﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﻼﺨﻭ ﺭﻁﻭ ﺱﺴﺃ ﻡﻫﺃ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ
ﻴﺭﺩﺘ ﻕ ﻲﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺱ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﻑﻭﻗﻭﻝﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ،
ﺀﺍﺭﺃ ﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻏﺭﻝﺎﺒ ،ﻥﻴﺴﺭﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﺌﻤ
ﺩﻭـﺸﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﺩـﻬﻝﺍ لﻭﺤ ﻥﻭﻘﻔﺘﻴ ﺍﻭﻨﺎﻜ ﻥﺇﻭ ﺓﺩﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺱﻴﺭﺩﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﻴ
ﻭﺠﺭﻤﻝﺍﻭ -
لﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﻬﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﻠﻤ ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻭ ﺏﻝﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﻯﺩﻝ ﻲﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﻕﻭﺫﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﺘ ﻲﻓ لﺜﻤﺘﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍﻭ
ﻴ ﻡﻬﻨﺃ ﻻﺇ ـــ ﻥﻭﻔﻠﺘﺨ
ﺓﺩﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺱﻴﺭﺩﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺫﺘﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﺞﻫﺎﻨﻤ ﻑﻼﺘﺨﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺩﻭﻌﻴ ﺎﻤﺒﺭﻭ ،ﻑﺩﻬﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻡﻬﻝ ﻕﻘﺤﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﻴﺴﻭﻝﺍ لﻭﺤ .
لﻭﺤ ﺔﻴﻀﺭﺃ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻠﻝ ﺎﻨﻤﺩﻗ ﺩﻗ ﻥﻭﻜﻨ ﻥﺃ لﻤﺄﻨﻭ ﺀﺯﺠﻝﺎﺒ ﻭﻝﻭ لﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺩﺭﻭ ﺎﻤ
ﺭﻴﺴﻴﻝﺍ
، ﻥـﻤ ﺎـﻨﻝ ﺭﻓﻭـﺘ ﺎﻤﺒ
ﺀﺍﺭﺃﻭ ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻤﻭ ﻊﺠﺍﺭﻤ .
