GNL قطاع الغاز الطبيعي في الجزائر حالة الغاز الطبيعي المميع
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(93) 3 3. 0228. 03. 2008. . http://kanz-redha.blogspot.com/2011/05/blog-post_2978.html ي اٌّظذسح ٌٍغبصٚ " ِٕظّخ اٌذٟؼ١ اٌغبص اٌـج1 -lundi 9 mai 2011 -kadaya saa. 92.
(94) .. 82. .. :. .. Jeffry Garten. 1. Expansion du marché mondial du gaz naturel liquéfie-Benabbou Senouci- sus-cité. 93.
(95) 1. 1طؾ١فخ االلزظبد٠خ اإلٌىزش١ٔٚخ" -أٚثه" ٚاؽزّبي ئٔشبء ِٕظّخ د١ٌٚخ ٌٍغبص -خبٌذ أؽّذ ػضّبْ 04 -عجزّجش 0226اٌؼذد 4731.. 94.
(96) 16. 95.
(97) .. 42. 1973. 96.
(98) ,. 2. 1عٛاد ثٛؽغ ٓ١ثبٔٛساِب اٌظؾبفخِ .مبي :ئشىبٌ١خ اٌغبص رؼب ْٚاَ رأصَ ػبٌّ.0228/26/03 ٟ 2طؾ١فخ االلزظبد٠خ اإلٌىزش١ٔٚخ" -أٚثه" ٚاؽزّبي ئٔشبء ِٕظّخ د١ٌٚخ ٌٍغبص -خبٌذ أؽّذ ػضّبْ 04 -عجزّجش 0226اٌؼذد 4731.. 97.
(99) .. 0221. 1عٛاد ثٛؽغ ٓ١ثبٔٛساِب اٌظؾبفخِ .مبي :ئشىبٌ١خ اٌغبص.0228/26/03. 98.
(100) .. 15. .. 1أٚثه ٌٍغبص .ؽٍُ أَ ؽم١مخ؟ -وّبي لذٚسحِ 0 -ب -0228 ٞعش٠ذح اٌششق االٚعؾ -اٌؼذد 12748 ِٕ 2ظّخ اٌغبص اٌـج١ؼٚ ٟاٌّخبٚف األِ١شو١خ األٚسٚث١خ -وبًِ ٚصٔخِ -مبي اٌىزشٟٔٚ. 99.
(101) 4 1 4. . 680. .. ". 364. .. 100.
(102) .. 15. . 75 10. .. . .. 77. 0211. % 32. 14. . 0211. 22 062. ش٠ شجبؽ فجشا5 ،ْ ٌٕذ،"عؾٚذح "اٌششق األ٠ عش،ٓ٠اٌجؾشٚ ٟدثٚ ذ٠ٛبعبد اٌى١خ اؽز١ب ٌزغـ١عٚ ِٓ سٟؼ١سد اٌغبص اٌـجٛ شً رغز1 .0211 2 BP plans big Oman gas investment, tradearabia.com, October 23, 2011, at: http://www.tradearabia.com/news/ogn_206974.html .0211 فّجشٛٔ ٟٔٓ اٌضب٠ رشش00 ،شح ٔذ٠ اٌغض،ب١ٌّع ٌٍغبص ػبٚ لـش رذشٓ أوجش ِشش، ِؾّذ أفضاص3 http://www.aljazeera.net/NR/exeres/B8CCFE32-DE8B-4698-8609-9C2FD573DD61.htm. 101.
(103) . 5284. 09 11637. 0212. . 022. .. 09 77. 02. .10202. 122. . 0212 687. . 0229 7 0212. 522. 1. Australia posed to enter golden age of gas, UPI, November 1, 2011,at: http://www.upi.com/Business_News/Energy-Resources/2011/11/01/Australia-posed-to-enter-golden-age-ofgas/UPI-93431320167130/. 102.
(104) .. . 13689. 13885 15. .1 522. 0212. 022 92. 352. .. .. 124. 1. BENOÎT FAUCON And SPENCER SWARTZ, Iran Curbs LNG-Export Ambitions, The Wall Street Journal, AUGUST 12, 2010, at: http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704216804575423212231718960.html. 103.
(105) . 1742. .. 0227. .. 08. (IPI) (IP) 0185. 0211 32. 104.
(106) 0 4. .. .. .. . " (Nord Stream) . 1004 0785. 1. The Pipeline, nord-stream.com, 2011, at: http://www.nord-stream.com/pipeline. 105.
(107) . 0211 12,4. 0211. 8. .0210. 06. .. 1939. " (South Stream) (ENI). 0227. 63. 922. ".. 1. 0213. What is South Stream?,south-stream.info,2011,at: http://south-stream.info/index.php?id=2&L=1. 106.
(108) ". . .0232. 92 82 0226. .. ".1. ". .. .. .. 1. AMES KANTER, European Natural Gas Pipelines Plagued by Uncertainties, The New York Times, June 13, 2011,at: http://www.nytimes.com/2011/06/14/business/energyenvironment/14pipeline.html?ref=naturalgas&gwh=7597D5CB2A99069CF1B467D03C1F52B3. 107.
(109) . 0211. .. .. 0217. 0213 (Shah Deniz). .. 8. 1. Nabucco support agreements signed by transit countries, News.Az, (Azerbaijan) June 8, 2011, at: http://news.az/articles/economy/38040 10 :شح ٌٍذساعبد٠ ِشوض اٌغض2. 108.
(110) 31. .. . (TAP).. (ITGI). (TAP). (ITGI). . 0217. 0210. (TAP). 2025. 52. – .. .. " .. (TAPI).. 1. Turkey, Azerbaijan start working on new gas pipeline project, TODAY'S ZAMAN, November 17, 2011, at: http://www.todayszaman.com/news-263088-turkey-azerbaijan-start-working-on-new-gas-pipeline-project.htm. 109.
(111) 0212 0211. 380. 15. (TAPI) 1680. . 522. .. 18305. 18305. 786 0214 0213. . 2009. 14. 42. 1833 32 0210. 1. TAPI gasline: Pakistan signs GSPA with Turkmenistan, The Daily Times, November 15, 2011, at: http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2011%5C11%5C15%5Cstory_15-11-2011_pg1_4 2 ANDREW E. KRAMER, New Gas Pipeline From Central Asia Feeds China, The New York Times, December 14, 2009,at: http://www.nytimes.com/2009/12/15/world/asia/15pipeline.html, Zhou Yan and Wang Qian, Turkmenistan to expand natural gas supply to China, China Daily, November 25, 2011,at: http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/bizchina/2011-11/25/content_14159921.htm. 110.
(112) 8724. . .. 32. 32. 2011. 04 65. .. .. .. 111.
(113) 3 4 20 2. 1.5. 50 2000. 25. 72. 112.
(114) 1975. '' cafe 2007. 1985. 27.5 2007 Eisa.. 35 2009. 2020. 38 2020 2030. 2016. 45. 0225. 13. 0.85. 3.9. 0.25. 2009 36. 113. 2.35.
(115) 2022. 15. 20. 36. 2008 12. 2020. 0229 052 522. 0216. 08 05. 522 0215. 0202 3. 4. ِ 1غزمجً اعزخذاَ اٌغبص اٌـج١ؼ ٟفِ ٟغبي إٌمً ٚاٌّٛاطالد -دٔ .ؼّذ أث ٛاٌظٛفٔ -مال ػٓ طؾ١فخ "االلزظبد٠خ" اٌغؼٛد٠خ-. 114.
(116) 0225. 0227. 1.3 1.2. 2008. 936. 0222. 828. 48. 18. 1.69 1.56 115.
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(119) .. 12 0202 0202. 05. 535. 235 037 035. .. 1اٌغبص اٌـج١ؼ ٟلذ ٍ٠ؼت دٚسا أوجش فِ ٟغبي إٌمً ٚاٌّٛاطالدٔ-ؼّذ اث ٛاٌظٛفِٛ -لغ اٌؼشث١خ.0211 ٛ١ٌٛ٠ 13 -. 118.
(120) 70. 65. 18 0202. 422. 9. 0202. 16. .. 0202. 12 086 US Department of Energy 52. .. .. ِ 1غزمجً اعزخذاَ اٌغبص اٌـج١ؼ ٟفِ ٟغبي إٌمً ٚاٌّٛاطالد ِشعغ عبثك. .. 119.
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(129) 1942 Ohio. 122 6. 1 2. Claude Chesny – Le gaz naturel en Algérie – suscité – p 18. J.M.Bourguet. 128.
(130) 61 GNL. %15. 0 1. 41 97 77. 1. 11. 3. 4 522. ، األسعٟسح فّٛ خضأبد ِغ،خ راد غالفبد ِؼبػفخ٠ذ٠ خضأبد ؽذ:د أشىبي ِزؼذدح ِٓ اٌخضأبدٛعٚ ٌٝغذس اإلشبسح ا٠ٚ 1 .ػخ ِٓ االعّٕذ اٌّغٍؼٕٛخضأبد ِظ 2 Conférence - débat devant le Forum d'El-Moudjahid. Allocution introductive par le ministre Algérien de l’énergie et des mines3 Alger le 19/24/02233. 129.
(131) 1 222. interdépendance G.De corval. 1. Le pétrole et le gaz toujours moteur de l’activité économique – n°2975 de marchés tropicaux et méditerranéens. 15/11/2002. 2 G.De corval - " A propos du séminaire de Téhéran, quelques réflexions sur le problème du gaz naturel en Asie et en extrême orient " -Bulletin de l'AFTP n° 71 du 31/05/1965 - p. 369.. 130.
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(139) 152. .. 2 GNL. 1 0. )LNG) Liquefied natural gas. .. 957 600 1 GNL. 1. -0229/25/21-ٞ لٍت اٌظؾشاء اٌىجشٟ ٌٍـبلبد اٌّزغذدح فٜغ وجش٠ثب ِشبسٚسٚاٌغضائش ا-ّض٠ عزبس ربِٜٕزذ www.startimes.com http://ghaznaqatar2011.blog.com لغ غبصٔب لـشِٛ 2. 138.
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(141) .. .. 150. 158. -161.5 ) (. 140. 36.
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(143) 2 2. 1917. 1914. 1961. 40 1. . 161.5 3. 600. 0.4. . . . . .. . . 49. . 1. wikipedia.org. 142. .
(144) :. Gas. Sweet Dray or Wet Gas. 28. Wet Gas Dray Gas Wet Gas Compassion Chamber. .1149 سلُ اٌؼذد- يعًش سعٍذ عبذه انىحش/ إعذاد و- »0« ٟؼ١اص اٌغبص اٌـجٛخٚ ضاد١ِّ -عجزّجش06 فخ١ طؾ1. 143.
(145) 3 2. 600. LNG 600. LNG 2001. 200. 1.5. 8.2 30. 2003. 2003. 51. EIA. 10 7. LNG. 15 12 144. LNG.
(146) 600. 2008. 800. 400 300 500 400 12. LNG. 30 15. 3 1 3 6.300. .2. 1961م. 1965. 1اٌّغٍخ االٌىزش١ٔٚخ االلزظبد٠خ -اٌزغبسح اٌؼبٌّ١خ ٌٍغبص اٌـج١ؼ ٟاٌّغبي -رىبٌ١ف اإلٔزبط ِٚمبسٔخ ثؼٛائذ إٌفؾ.0229/4/00- ِ2مبٌخ ػٓ اٌششوخ اٌٛؿٕ١خ اٌ١ّٕ١خ ٌٍغبص اٌـج١ؼ ٟاٌّغبيِ -ب ٘ ٛاٌغبص اٌـج١ؼ ٟاٌّغبيِ-بسط .0211. 145.
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(148) 0 3. %92. 1. 643. 12 0228. %9. 34 10 1964 0229 1. Source : l'EIA .0228. 147. GL4Z.
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(151) 63. 1ػغٛؽ أٚسٚث١خ ػٍ ٝاٌغضائش ٌزخف١غ أعؼبس اٌغبص -ؽغبْ ص٘بس – ِٛلغ عش٠ذح سؤ٠خ.0210/11/00-. 150. 55.
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(154) 4550. 3. ِ1مبي ي ِظـف ٝطب٠ظ -أعزبر اٌؼاللبد اٌذ١ٌٚخ ثغبِؼخ اٌغضائش. 2اٌششٚق اٌِ 0227 - 26 - 13 : ِٟٛ١مبي اٌذ .ثش١ش ِظ١ـف -ٝطشاع اٌغبص.. 153.
(155) 13. 1964. 2008. 44 1997. 1964. 9978 1رمش٠ش ئٔزبط اٌغبص اٌـج١ؼ ٟاٌّّ١غ ثبٌغضائش عٛدح ػبٌ١خ ػضصد اٌش٠بدح اٌؼبٌّ١خ -اٌغ١الٌ ٟط -عش٠ذح اٌّغبء-0212 – 24 - 17 - .. 154.
(156) 171400. 207600. 108700. 164700. 163 88,2 2014. 2008. 8889. 2 4. 2011. 3. .. 2011 10 3. 8. 1عش٠ذح اٌّغبء-ػذد -0212 – 24 - 17رمش٠ش اٌغ١الٌ ٟط.. 155. 24.
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(158) : . 14. :. 1. Jacques PERCEBOIS8 les perspectives d’approvisionnement de l’Europe en gaz naturel8 séminaire international France-Amérique latine et caraïbes, Géopolitique et sécurité et durabilité : transition vers un nouvel ordre énergétique mondiale, Santiago du Chili 28-30 novembre 2007,. 157.
(159) : 12. 2005. 2020. 3. 2010. .. 3 4. 48.4 % 2010. .. 1رأعغذ ِٕظّخ اٚاثه ثّٛعت االرفبل١خ اٌز ٟأثشِذ ف ٟث١شٚد ثزبس٠خ ٕ٠ 9ب٠ش 1968فّ١ب ث ٓ١ؽىِٛبد وً ِٓ اٌٍّّىخ اٌؼشث١خ اٌغؼٛد٠خ ٚدٌٚخ اٌى٠ٛذ ٚاٌٍّّىخ اٌٍ١ج١خٔٚ ،ظذ االرفبل١خ ػٍ ٝأْ رىِ ْٛذٕ٠خ اٌى٠ٛذ ِمشاً ٌٙب .فّ١ب ثؼذ أؼُ ئٌ ٝػؼ٠ٛخ إٌّظّخ ف ٟػبَ 1972وً ِٓ دٌٚخ اإلِبساد اٌؼشث١خ اٌّزؾذح ٚدٌٚخ لـش ٍِّٚىخ اٌجؾشٚ ٓ٠اٌغّٛٙس٠خ اٌغضائش٠خ ،صُ أؼّذ ئٌٙ١ب ف ٟػبَ 1970وً ِٓ عّٛٙس٠خ ِظش اٌؼشث١خ ٚاٌغّٛٙس٠خ اٌؼشث١خ اٌغٛس٠خ ٚعّٛٙس٠خ اٌؼشاق.. 158.
(160) . 77 3. .. % 13.5. 25. 461. 46134 0211. 0212. 1634. 0211. 330 0212. 316340. 1130. 0211. / http://www.bbc.co.uk/arabic ِٛ 1لغ ث ٟث ٟع:ٟ 2ث١بْ طؾفٌ ٟغش٠ذح اٌش٠بع -ثزبس٠خ اٌغجذ – 0210ٛ١ٌٛ٠ 14ثؼٕٛاْ :اٌغؼٛد٠خ أوجش ِٕزظ ٌغٛائً اٌغبص اٌـج١ؼ.ٟ. 159.
(161) 422. . 0135 % 0838. 615. 0227. .. 100 78. .. 008. 322. . . . 1. .ٔفظ اٌّشعغ اٌغبثك http://www.marefa.org -لغ اٌّؼشفخِٛ - ِظشٟ فٟؼ١ اٌغبص اٌـج2 http://www.akhbarak.net/article/2296099 -لغ اخجبسنِٛ 3. 160.
(162) ". ِ 1مبي:ف ٟرغبثك ِغ اٌضِٓ غبص اٌؼشاق ٠ؼؼٗ ػبشش ِٕزظ ػبٌّ١بً -عش٠ذح اٌغش٠ذح -د.ل١ظ عٛاد اٌغضا-ٞٚاٌؼذد-867 االصٕ07ٓ١اٚد.0210 ِ - 2مبي األعزبر اٌذوزٛس ٔج ً١عؼفش ػجذ اٌشػب عبِؼخ اٌجظشح /وٍ١خ االداسح ٚااللزظبد -اٌمذساد اٌزظذ٠ش٠خ اٌّغزمجٍ١خ ٌٍغبص اٌـج١ؼ ٟف ٟاٌؼشاقِٛ -لغ إٌفؾ ٚاٌغبص اٌـج١ؼ.ٟ. 161.
(163) 3322. 0229. 3172 0222 330. 933. 168. 437. 436. 164. 9. 3. 8. 2011. . %04. ِ 1مبي ِؾّذ ػٍ ٟص -ٟٕ٠طفمخ اٌغبص ِغ شً ِذِشح ٌٍظٕبػبد اٌؼشال١خ -اٌؾٛاس اٌّزّذْ -اٌؼذد .0212/8/02 ، 3122. 162.
(164) 0212. 3. 45222. % 1933. % 1834. 589. 0235. 2135. 15. %72. .. 1989 %52. 1. Source : World Energy Outlook 2011, AIE.. 163. %18.
(165) 16. Source : Gasinfocus. . 942. 082 09. 52. 522 13 %60. 11. 1. La Russie,un partenaire de long terme de GDF SUEZ- DOSSIER DE PRESSE-Avril 2012 2اٌشؤ٠خ االِش٠ى١خ ٌّٕبثغ إٌفؾ ٚاٌغبص ف ٟا٠شاْ رمش٠ش اٌىٕغشط االِش٠ى ٟؽٛي إٌفؾ ٚاٌغبص اال٠شأ ٟسإ٘ب ِغزمجال -عبثش اؽّذ- اٌؾٛاس اٌّزّذْ-اٌؼذد. 7 / 9 / 0224 - 949 :. 164.
(166) 15. . 2. 01. 124. 0210. 0211 140. .. . . 50.97. .. 52 3722. 9722. .3. 1االٚػبع ف ٟا٠شاْ -اٌٛػغ االلزظبدِٛ -ٞعٛػخ اٌّمبرً ف ٟاٌظؾشاء. http://www.moqatel.com wikipedia.org/wiki 3لـش ٚا٠شاْ رزمبعّبْ أوجش ؽمً ٌٍغبص اٌـج١ؼ ٟف ٟاٌؼبٌُِٛ -لغ عٛق اٌذٚؽخ االٌىزش.0212-27-07-ٟٔٚ. 165. 2.
(167) 166.
(168) 167.
(169) 168.
(170) 1 1 1. 1990. :. Sonatrach. :. 1. . :-. 56 % Pedro Duran Farell. -. Enrico Mattei. . .GNL. 3. 3. 27. 38. 10. 169. -.
(171) 20. :. Sonatrach. 2. :. .. Sonatrach % 90. Gas Marketing, UK Ltd. 17. 1. 12. http://www.sonatrach-dz.com.. 170.
(172) : 13. Enrico Mattei. : 14. Pedro Duran Farell. 171.
(173) -3. 1964. :. : 3. )1 (GL1Z, GL2Z ET GL4Z. )(GL1K. 44. %35. 15. 05. :81. sonatrach-dz.com.. 1. 2اٌّإرّش اٌؼٍّ ٟاٌذ ٌٟٚػٓ اٌزّٕ١خ اٌّغزذاِخ ٚاٌىفبءح االعزخذاِ١خ ٌٍّٛاسد اٌّزبؽخ -ػٕٛاْ اٌّذاخٍخ :دساعخ ِىبٔخ اٌغضائش ف ٟعٛق اٌغبص اٌـج١ؼ ٟا٠بَ /28/27افش.0228 ً٠. 172.
(174) 15. .. 20. .. 1اٌّإرّش اٌؼٍّ ٟاٌذ ٌٟٚػٓ اٌزّٕ١خ اٌّغزذاِخ ِ -شعغ عبثك. 173.
(175) .. .. .. .. .. ٚ 1وبٌخ «س٠ٚزشص»-رؾشن اٌغضائش ٌزؼذ ً٠ػمٛد اٌغبص ٠ىشف ػٓ رٕبِ ٟلٛح إٌّزغِ 0-ٓ١ب0228 ٛ٠. 174.
(176) 0 1 03 19. 6. 12. 42. 1980. 1 0211 1050. 552 16. 8. 3. 1 089 0212. 735. 0. 131 04. 0222. «. 1عش٠ذح اٌششٚق اٌغضائش٠خِ -مبي :ثش٠ـبٔ١ب رشؽت ثبٔـالق ػخ اٌغبص اٌغضائشٔ ٞؾ ٛأٚسٚثب ػجش" ِ١ذغبص"- ثزبس٠خٚ -.0211324329:اط.. 175.
(177) 1222. 022. 82 % 92. “. 8. 5167. 3. .0223. 1عش٠ذح اٌفغش اٌغضائش٠خِ -مبي :ئعجبٔ١ب رظذس غبص اٌغضائش ئٌ ٝآع١ب ٌزؼ٠ٛغ أصِزٙب االلزظبد٠خ .0211/11/09 -ػجذ إٌٛس عؾٕ.ٓ١. 176.
(178) 0211. .. 148. 19. 1472 0229. ِٛ 1لغ عضا٠شط-ػٓ عش٠ذح اٌشؼت ِ١ذغبص ٠ششع ف ٟػخ ِ8ال١٠ش َ ِٓ3اٌـبلخ إلعجبٔ١ب ثذءا ِٓ ِبسط-ثٕ ٟطبف فٕ١ذط ثٓ ثٍخ- 0211 -20-02. 177.
(179) 0212. .. 21. 1عش٠ذح اٌششٚق اٌِ-ِٟٛ١مبي :ئ٠ـبٌ١ب رـبٌت اٌغضائش ثزغش٠غ ئٔغبص أٔجٛة اٌغبص "غبٌغِ -"ٟؾّذ ِغٍُ -ثزبس٠خ.0211312314 )ِ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GALSIظذسِٛ :لغ ٠ٚى١ج١ذ٠ب(. 178. 2.
(180) 312. .. 3. 3 0214 312 8 152. .. 3 0210. 38 0214 0213. 56. 0210. 1عش٠ذح اٌششٚق اٌِ-ِٟٛ١مبي:عبعخ عبسد١ٕ٠ب ٠شفؼِ ْٛشٚس أٔجٛة اٌغبص اٌغضائش-ٞػجذاٌ٘ٛبة ثٛوشٚػ-ربس٠خ.0210-21-20. 179.
(181) 55 6. 1. 32. 0213. 12. 435. ''. 12 0229 27 23. 72. 5135 05 4. 7. 1عش٠ذح اٌغشٚق اٌ -ِٟٛ١إلفشاط ػٓ ْٛ١ٍِ 152أٚس ٚألٔجٛة اٌغبص "غبٌغ -"ٟؽغبْ ؽ٠ٛشخ.0210/25/06- 2عش٠ذح اٌّغزمجً اٌؼشث -ٟعٔٛبؿشان رمشس رأع ً١أغبص أٔجٛة اٌغبص غبٌغ ٟئٌِ ٝب -0213 ٞأ.0210/10/4- َ.. 180.
(182) 4522. 02. 12. 0215. .. 32. . ''. 32 02. 1عش٠ذح اٌفغشِ-مبي :اٌغضائش رٛلّغ ارفبلب ٌجٕبء أٔبث١ت ٌٕمً اٌغبص إٌ١غ١ش ٞألٚسٚثب -ؽ١بح·َ.0229/27/24 - 2عش٠ذح اٌخجشِ-مبي :اٌششوبد اٌشٚع١خ رذسط ئِىبٔ١خ اٌّغبّ٘خ ف ٟاٌّششٚع -ؽف١ظ طٛاٌ.0229/11/09-ٍٟ١. 181. 32.
(183) 45 12. 45. 02. 0217. . 4522 0522 1322. 752. 0212. .0228 416. 17. 0212. 1عش٠ذح اٌخجشِ-مبي :اٌجٕه األٚسٚثٌ ٟالعزضّبس ِغزؼذ ٌزّ ً٠ٛأٔجٛة اٌغبص إٌ١غ١ش ٞاٌغضائش -ٞؽف١ظ طٛاٌ.0210/23/21 -ٍٟ١. 182.
(184) 82. 10. .. 4. .. 32 57. 15. 79. 0210. 0211. .10214 .. .. 1رؼب ْٚث ٓ١عٔٛبؿشان ٚغبص ثش َٚاٌشٚع١خ ٌزغ٠ٛك اٌغبص اٌّغبيٚ-وبٌخ س٠ٚزشص ٛ٠ - :ث ٟأ26-26-0210 -ٞ. 183.
(185) .. .. “. 135. . 8. 0229. .. 0214. 8. 5. . 37375. 51 11305. 184.
(186) 3 1. GNL 62. لّ١خ االعزضّبس رمذس ثٕؾ١ٍِ 135 ٛبس دٚالس “عٔٛبؿشان”“ ،رٛربي” ”ٚع١جغب” عزغزضّش ف 8 ٟؽمٛي غبص٠خ ثز -ّْٛ١ّ١ساػ١خ.د- 1 عش٠ذح اٌفغش.0210/20/03 - 1د .عٍّ١بْ ثٓ طبٌؼ اٌخـبف -ثٛاثخ رذاٚي األعِ -ُٙمبي ػٓ ّٔ ٛاٌـٍت اٌؼبٌّ ٟػٍ ٝاٌغبص اٌـج١ؼٚ ٟاصد٘بس رغبسرِٗ 32 -بسط -0228. 185.
(187) 1. L’Australie8 futur leader mondial du «gaz naturel liquéfié»-Par La chaîne Energie 06/11/0210. 186.
(188) 58.4 19.5. 28.8 189.7. 1. Rapport sur l’industrie pétrolière et gazière on 2010. 187.
(189) 2011. 2013. 4 1. 162. 1دٔ .ؼّذ أث ٛاٌظٛفِ -مبي ا٢فبق اٌّغزمجٍ١خِ -غٍخ االلزظبد٠خ -اٌضالصبءِ 6 ،بسط .0210. 188.
(190) 21. 75 129. . .. 1. GAZ NATUREL LIQUEFIE : Généralités - Monsieur PELLOUX-PRAYER.. 189.
(191) 30 20. 110. Deutsche 2020 2030 2001. EIA. GNL. spot market. 190. 252.
(192) 15. GNL GNL. 20. GNL. GNL GNL. .. .. 1رّؼ ٟلـش لذِبً ف ٟاٌّض٠ذ ِٓ ئٔزبط ٚ GNLلذ أخزد اٌش٠بدح ف ٟئٔزبط ٘زٖ اٌّبدح ِٓ وً ِٓ ئٔذ١ٔٚغ١ب ِٚبٌ١ض٠ب. 2اٌّغٍخ االٌىزش١ٔٚخ االلزظبد٠خ -اٌزغبسح اٌؼبٌّ١خ ٌٍغبص اٌـج١ؼ ٟاٌّغبي -رىبٌ١ف اإلٔزبط ِٚمبسٔخ ثؼٛائذ إٌفؾ.0229/4/00-. 191.
(193) . 2035. 310. 8.8 .. 2011. 6 %2.4. 55 2011.. 2011. 62 31. .. 2011. .. 24. 278 240.9. 20.7. 74.8 .. 31. ِ 1مبي اٌىزش ٟٔٚػٓ اٌغبص اٌـج١ؼ ٟاٌّغبيِٛ -لغ ِٕجغ اٌـبلخ.. 192. 2011.
(194) 89. 640. 25 6. 2011 2.3 64. .. 1. 2011. 1.5 2013. 20 77. 37 36. ِ 1مبي اٌىزشِٛ -ٟٔٚلغ QNBاٌؼبٌّٟ ِ 2مبي اٌىزشِٛ-ٟٔٚلغ Energy of our world. 193.
(195) . 10 8 2011. 12 15 13. 2011. 18 9 2008 2010. 16. 2011. 13 11 2009. 2 1 0. 194.
(196) 50. 30. Shale Gas. 2008. .. 1. داسسً أو يههً داسسً هً وحذة قٍاس ننفارٌت انخشبت سًٍج باسى انعانى انزي اكخشفها هنشي داسسً .ال حعذ انذاسسً ين ضًن نظاو انىحذاث انذونً ونكنها حسخخذو عهى نطاق واسع فً هنذست انبخشول وانجٍىنىجٍا .كسائش انىحذاث انًخخصت بنفارٌت انخشبت ،وحذاث انذاسسً يثم وحذاث انًساحت.. Les perspectives du shale gas dans le monde - Bruno Weymuller -Janvier 2011. 195. 2.
(197) . 0 3. CBM. CMM. 1اٌغبص ِٓ اٌّظبدس غ١ش اٌزمٍ١ذ٠خ١ِ :ضبْ ِٕبعُ اٌفؾُ دٔ .ؼّذ أث ٛاٌظٛف عش٠ذح "االلزظبد٠خ". 196.
(198) 15 5. 238 2325. CBM CMM. 197.
(199) .. .. .. ١٘« 1ذساد اٌّ١ضبْ» ِظذس ٘بئً ٌٍـبلخ غ١ش ِغزغً ف ٟلبع اٌّؾ١ـبد ٚاشٕـٓ ـ س٠ٚزشص. 198.
(200) .. .. 32. ". 352. .. .2. . 0228. )(Submarine Gashydrate Reservoirs. 1. ٘١ذساد اٌّ١ضبْ -اٌز٘ت األث١غ اإلصٕ ٓ١د٠غّجش ِٛ 0211 ,19لغ ػج١ش اٌشٚػ أخجبس اٌؼٍٚ َٛاٌزىٍٕٛع١ب ١٘2ذساد اٌّ١ضبْ" اٌغ١بق اٌغذ٠ذ ٌضٛسح اٌـبلخ اٌّزغذدح --االسثؼبء – 26فجشا٠ش ِٛ- 0213لغ اخجبس اٌ- َٛ١ؿٛو-ٛ١أ ػ أ. 199.
(201) SUGAR 32 CCS. SUGAR 1. Tight Sands. . .. 1. http://www.beatona.net/CMS/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1450&lang=ar&Itemid=84. خ١ى٠ االِش.َ. ٌٛ اٟؾ االؿٍغ١ اوزشبفبد اٌّؾٟٓ ف١١ى٠ٓ األِش١ش اٌجبؽض١ وج2. 200.
(202) Tight Sands. .. 1972. .. Shale Gas. 1. natural gas production engineering- Chi-U.lkoku the pennsylvania state university- KRIEGER PULISHING COMPANY MALABAR FLORIDA 1992 2 Tight Gas Sands -Division of the American Association of Petroleum Geologistsat :http://emd.aapg.org/technical_areas/tightGas.cfm. فٛ اٌظٛ ٔؼّذ أث.؟ دًٞ اٌغبص١سح اٌغغٛخ ٌضْٙ ِشبثٛخ ِٓ ؿجمبد اٌشِبي اٌّزشاطخ ً٘ عزى١اإلِذاداد إٌفـ3 . إٌفؾٍٝ ػٞٛس رؾزٛطخ4. 201.
(203) 05 235. .. Hydraulic Fracturing. .00. .1. 62. . . Mitchell Energy & Development Corp. .2 1. Et 3 http://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/ .االػّبيٚ خ١ٕ ػبٌُ اٌزم:لغِٛ-0211/26/02 -خ١ٌّـخ اٌـبلخ اٌؼب٠ش خش١غ١ ً٘ ع..ٞ اٌغبص اٌظخش-ْٚ٘بة اٌغؼذٌٛػجذ ا.ِمبي د2. 202.
(204) .. 1. 22. 3 3. 1. natural gas production engineering- Chi-U.lkoku the pennsylvania state university- KRIEGER PULISHING COMPANY MALABAR FLORIDA 1992. 2 http://www.encyclo-ecolo.com/Gaz_de_schiste. 203.
(205) .1980. .. 1222. .. 204.
(206) 23. .. . 1. Le gaz de schiste : géologie, exploitation, avantages et inconvénients- Pierre Thomas-Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon -06 - 04 – 2011. وبٌخ االٔجبءٚ -ئخ١ش ثبٌٕغجخ ٌٍج١ خـٞ اعزخشاط اٌغبص اٌظخش:ْإٛغبس ثفشٔغب ثؼ١ٌخ اٙظ عج١ْ سئٛالٔش١ِ نٌٛ ْٛذ ع١ِؾبػشح اٌغ2 .0213/20/10 -خ٠اٌغضائش. 205.
(207) . 0211. 370. . .. .. .1. ِ 1مبي اٌىزش :ٟٔٚاسرفبع اٌّخبٚف اٌظؾ١خ ٚاٌج١ئ١خ ِٓ اٌزىغ١ش اٌ١ٙذس١ٌٚى٘ -ٟشبَ فزؾ0210 ٛ١ٔٛ٠ 09 -ٟ. 206.
(208) 382. 425 5. 836. 3. 3. 12. 50 3. 0212 0201 11,1. 14,9. 14,7. 34,6. 74. 2021. 48. 30 75%. .% 1200 .. 3. 0382. 3. 1. Article : Gaz de schiste on : http://www.encyclo-ecolo.com/Gaz_de_schiste. 207. 3522.
(209) %12 25. 6. (TCF) 0202. 3. 122. 62. 16 1060. 30 2010. 350 50 2015. (1765. . 2020. 2008 39. 140 . 24. 208.
(210) 4 1 4 17 036. .. 15 .1. 02. 0210. .. شكل :25اهاكي حىاجذ الغاص الصخشي بالجضائش. 2. 1. اٌغبص اٌظخش ٞثذ ً٠ؿبلخ "ٚاػذ" أِبَ اٌغضائشِٛ -0210/10/03 -لغ اٌخؾ االخؼش. ِٛ 2لغ ثشوخ ثشط: http://www.barakapresse.com/index.php/-. 209.
(211) .1. 162 0232. 112. .. 82. 0202. .2. . ".. .. .. 1ثٛاثخ اٌٛفذ االٌ١ىزش١ٔٚخ – ِمبي ثؼٕٛاْ :اٌغضائش عزٕمت ػٓ اٌغبص اٌظخش ٞثذا٠خ -0211/29/09- /0210 ِٛ 2لغ ا٠الف :اٌغضائش ثٍذ اٌٍّ ْٛ١ثئش .0210/10/1-ؽغ ٓ١شجىش.ٟ. 210.
(212) "..1 0242. .. .2. .. .3. 12 5. 1. .. 1. رظش٠ؼ ٚص٠ش اٌـبلخ ٚ( -اط ) 07 -فجشا٠ش .0210 2اٌغبص اٌظخش ٞثذ ً٠ؿبلخ "ٚاػذ" أِبَ اٌغضائشِٛ -0210/10/03 -لغ اٌخؾ االخؼش. 3رظش٠ؼ ٚص٠ش اٌـبلخ ٚ( -اط ) 07 -فجشا٠ش .0210. 211.
(213) 0522 752. 09. . 26أهن 12دولت في هسخىي هخضوًاث الغاص الصخشي الوكخشفت سٌت 2009. 1اعزغالي اٌغبص غ١ش اٌزمٍ١ذ ٞف ٟاٌغضائش ٙ٠ذد اٌّ١بٖ اٌغٛف١خ ثبٌزٍٛس -عٍ ُ١ثٓ ػجذ اٌشؽّبْ -عش٠ذح اٌخجش 08 -أٚد .0210. 212.
(214) 0 4. .1. .. .. ِ 1مبي اٌىزش :ٟٔٚصٛسح اٌغبص -وٍ١ِ ٍٟ١ش 19 -د٠غّجشِٛ .0210 ,لغ اٌّغٍخ. ِ 2مبي د ٔؼّذ اث ٛاٌظٛفِ -شعغ عبثك.. 213.
(215) 1. . .. 1992. 12 0222. 0222 0212 ِ 1مبي اٌىزش :ٟٔٚصٛسح اٌغبص -وٍ١ِ ٍٟ١شِ-شعغ عبثك. 214.
(216) . .. .. .1. 52. ِ1مبي اٌىزش ً٘ :ٟٔٚرغّ١ش صٛسح اٌغبص اٌظخشِٛ ٞاص ٓ٠ل ٜٛاٌـبلخ اٌؼبٌّ١خ -ر١غ١ش أؽّذِٛ -لغ اٌؼشة ا ْٚال.ٓ٠. 215.
(217) .. .. ".. . .. ِ 1مبي د ٔؼّذ اث ٛاٌظٛفِ -شعغ عبثك.. 216.
(218) spot long terme. 217.
(219) 218.
(220) . 219.
(221) 0229. .. 0228. 220.
(222) GNL. 221.
(223) MEDGAZ, GALSI, NIGAL. 82. 222.
(224) 223.
(225) 1 107. 21. 159. 20. 0225 0202. 172. 03. Enrico Mattei. 172. 04. Pedro Duran Farell. 174. 25. 0. 59. 21. 62. 20. 60. 23. 63. 24. 65. 25. 72. 26. 76. 27. 129. 28. 106. 29. 141. 12. 146. 11. 148. 10. 12. 224.
(226) 149. 13. 156. 14. 160. 15. 163. 16. 169. 17. 161. 18. 176. 19. 178. 02. 189. 01. 203. 00. 205. 03. 029. 04. 012. 05. 212. 06. 0235. GNL. 10 0229. 225.
(227) 226.
(228) 1 3991. *. 3991 3999 – –. * –. –. –. – – 3999. –. *. –. *. –2. –2 2. 3991 2133 2111 3991–. –. –. – 3. 2132. 6 2111 16 21. 21 2119 1 22 2133. 31 –. – 3911. 3319. 26. 2. – * 4. 227.
(229) – 3913 – –. –. – – 2111. 2119 2133. 31. 3121. 11. 29. 36. 2133 2133. 11. . -. 2133 39. 2131. 16. 2133 16 21 2132. 29 2132 32 21 2132 2133 19 29 2132 32 3 2132 228. 39.
(230) 2111. 11 19 2133. 31. 2116 1 21 1913. 2116. 21 -. 2131 1 21. -. 1311. 919. 9 9 2111. 3319. 26. 2132 33 22. -. 6 OUVRAGES /journaux /rapports : -Alan Randall – Resource economic approach to natural resource and environmental , John Wiley & son inc, USA 1987. -G.De corval - " A propos du séminaire de Téhéran, quelques réflexions sur le problème du gaz naturel en Asie et en extrême orient " -Bulletin de l'AFTP n° 71 du 31/05/1965 -C.Mercier -" L'industrie pétrochimique et ses possibilités d'implantation dans les pays en voie de développement " -publication de l'IFP - édition Technip 1966. -J.M.Bourguet et J.C.Perret :la liquéfaction du gaz naturel, techniques nouvelles et possibilités économiques – publ.IFR .ed. Technip – 1968. -Claude Chesny – Le gaz naturel en Algérie – Thèse de doctorat d’état – juin 1969. Paris -Rapport sur l’industrie pétrolière et gazière on 2010. -Rapport de Robert Villena- Dimanche 4 Janvier 2009.. 229.
(231) -La Russie,un partenaire de long terme de GDF SUEZ- DOSSIER DE PRESSEAvril 2012. -New York Times: An Orbina - Rapport: Robbie Brown à Atlanta , Recherche: Kitty Bnitte D'Amérique, New York. -APS : Algérie Presse Service. / - GAZ NATUREL LIQUEFIE : Généralités- Rédacteur : Monsieur PELLOUXPRAYER Révision : 3 de 1998 TRAN 98.3. -Hausse de la consommation du gaz (AIE)- Publié le 05/06/2012-.le figaro. - Expansion du marché mondial du gaz naturel liquéfie et stratégies des acteurs. Étude comparative des stratégies algérienne, qatarie et russe -Benabbou SENOUCI Université d’Oran, Algérie-innovations 2012/1. - L’Australie, futur leader mondial du «gaz naturel liquéfié»-Par La chaîne Energie26/11/2012 - Les perspectives du shale gas dans le monde - Bruno Weymuller -Janvier 2011 - World Energy Outlook AIE. -B.P. statistical review of world energy. -Gaz naturel –Encyclopédie. Microsoft. Encarta 2000. - JAD MOUAWAD, Natural Gas Now Viewed as Safer Bet, The New York Times, March 21, 2011 The Brundtland Definition (World Commission On Environment And Development (1987) Our Common Future, Oxford University Press, Geneva, Switzerland) World Energy Outlook , édition 2011. -Harold Hotelling – The economics of exhaustible resources – The journal of political economy – vol 39. N° 02 – April 1932. -Key leaders absent as gas summit seeks higher prices, Reuters, November 15, 2011 -BENOÎT FAUCON And SPENCER SWARTZ, Iran Curbs LNG-Export Ambitions, The Wall Street Journal, AUGUST 12, 2010 -AMES KANTER, European Natural Gas Pipelines Plagued by Uncertainties, The New York Times, June 13, 2011 -Nabucco support agreements signed by transit countries, News.Az, (Azerbaijan) June 8, 2011 -TAPI gasline: Pakistan signs GSPA with Turkmenistan, The Daily Times, November 15, 2011 -ANDREW E. KRAMER, New Gas Pipeline From Central Asia Feeds China, The New York Times, December 14, 2009 -State-of-the-Art In Gas Treating- Mahin Rameshni, P.E Chief Process EngineerBritish Sulphur 2000 San Francisco, CA – USA November 2000 -Natural gas production engineering- Chi-U.lkoku the pennsylvania state universityKRIEGER PULISHING COMPANY MALABAR FLORIDA 1992 -Division of the American Association of Petroleum Geologistsat :http://emd.aapg.org/technical_areas/tightGas.cfm.. COLLOQUES ; Conférence - débat devant le Forum d'El-Moudjahid. Allocution introductive par le ministre Algérien de l’énergie et des mines. Alger le 19/04/2003.. 230.
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