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(1)

CENTRE FOR NEWFOUNDLAND STUDIES

TOTAL OF 10 PAGES ONLY MAY BE XEROXED

(Without Author's Permission)

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'

CORROSION AND WEAR OF PLATES IN THE '

. .

PRODUCTION OF REFINER MECHANICAL PULP--

'I

- .

BY

Davi?- Wa'lt~r Georg~ Rideou~, B.Eng_., a.sc 1

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thesl1s

s~bmitted

in partial

fulfill~~~~

- - · .:.--:-··

, .. -

..

of the ~equi~ements for the degree. of .

~--·

~' Master of Engineering

..

(>

.. ....

. ..

I

. . .

Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science

~e~orial

_.university of.

Ne~foundland ..

j

L.-/ . . . . .

April 1984

I,. ·

'

.

,

St. 'John •s Newfoundland

...

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· -

: A .

. •

Canada

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~ f • · ABSTRACT

.

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. . ~isk. refining ·~~s b~.coine· ~n increasingly i.m!Jortan~

p~oce~~

. · for the mc:inu .. factut-e

.

.

..

~ · of.

m~hanica·l

.. . pu.lp ..

f~r~

the

·'·

. prod"!cti<:m, o.f .new:sprint ~nd other, "gr?~ndw~o~ ,·, spec;i.al:ity) ·~

P~ters·

•..

~ TJt~ hi ~t~cy

of

t~e ~;;velopm~nt

.of .chip .refinerr .

· ~in~ing: wfth·~.

tleir ·use in· ·pulp.

pt::ope~~y · ~d~·ficat.ion., ~n

the

ea~ly 1.9~0

b ·~nd . ih~fr us~

_fqr.

serlche~~c~~ a~d ' ~

: 1

mechanica~

pul,p\ng

p)'9;;••~·~ · . at Pu~~~t . i.~ briefl~ -~~~~ed.::

Disk re~iriing~ as a ·pulping process, has ~n ~ ~te

•• 0 ....

of·

:!-t~

pr'Om.i.se ·to t'eplace chemica.i

p~lp ~ot

been

·with~ut

its

~eC~ni'i.i

difficulties: 1;he.

rruil<?< ;,n~s

·

h~ii.g th~

b.i\ih

~ri.;T:gy

inp~~s•required' as'tompared· to stone ground~ood, va~i~tions

. . ... .· ., . . . .

.

. . ·..

. .

~:

..

··:

. .

. . .

,'/"

, .

.

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. 'irl qua~it:y aJ1d :i:nad.eq~1at~. p'iate life. ,Each· o'f tbe ~ariabl:es· ..

- . . . . . .

ass~c'ia-ted

with these. d.ifficultie's .is

.revi"e~ed

'iri an .

4\ . . • - ' • ' t •• • • y ...

extens~ve ·literatu~e·: t"eview._ . : .

. ..

. . ~ t , , , •i , ., ~ ..

.

.

' ·since;

refinec

pJ::ate

wea-rcmhefine-r plat~ : · ' ·':_,

---~P<;osion

bOth involve

l~aS

(;f 'itate

rilliter;!.~i

and

~;,~ )~

' .,.

~r~tical fac~?ra in plate li·fe, tne rev.i~w 9f .. ~iteratur\_w~s

. extena'ed

~covet- th~se ~variables. ·

·A.lthough

i.it~rature o~

•.

·- ... ...

i ~ " '

. ("' .. . , ·.. . .. '

~ea-r· and co~rosion o"f "t"e£iner plates~ is ex~~.~aive, l_ittle was

. .

found direct;J.:y pertaining .to ·refiner pJ.ate .'l.ife• · .. Becau'se . of •

. . .. I . . ' . '.

1• . •• ¢ . . . t ; ,

this defici~ncy ·of info't"mation ·in bOth .the~e i!Uportan't a tea~,

. .

, . ,· . • • ' . -~ •n, ""'

.exper:im(mtal·w·ork was-conducted on b<.>th . . the w~a~. an'd " .~ . .

co~toos~on :~£ :~a-:h~r~ re~i~er' . ~l~t~~

.·: "#' ·

.

.. ; .

,.

:-. .. . The· wear of refine·-r plates t-un on a Sprout W~ldr.on ., 42-lB refiner.: at Price (Nfld· ... ) Pulp.· and Paper .. company

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. Limited,• • .: G't'and· Falls, Nelifou'ndland, was , , monitol:'ed 0 , : ·using a · ~.

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sys\.e~s

anaiytical

·app~oach . c~upled

with

s·t~nd~n-d

' 0 . . " ' · , . . .

. .

.

met;aJ.;Lut'gical tecihn~que.s.. The .. t'efi~~·t' p~-ate.s aftet' use wel:'e .. found to qave

~~~n ~~ · sh~q;ly . !l~fi.nea t~'nular·. z~ne:~ ~~·

,.. ..

. . ·

~aqdomly define4 radii. . .

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I.n each. ~one the· weat' was

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. asymmetdcal, with one of the _opposing ,.plates 'we~t'i~g mO're

.

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. •.•·

··than ·the·:o~hei. · The lo.eation of the wear zone ·and the: disk :

' · ' .. ~ t • • ' • ••

experi~ncing

_weal:'_

(roto:r ··~< sta~or)

·.'!iet'e

~un~

.to

b~

t'andc;m.·

', . ' . ' ' .· ~ .... ~. . . I · .

.· . At first, .,it was)?~liev~q .that; t~i~ unusual wear.

.

. . . . . .

. . · .

-. . ....

. .

. .

.

pattern .was·. the· result .. of plat'e.~lashing ·and/or':damage:by

T o . . . . o ' o 0 0 0 : o ~-- 0 o 0 o

If .~ • 1 • • , , ., ,,;., \ 1>, ' J ..

fflreign om~~erial ~ Meta·llut:gic_al" ~nd elect;o.cheml~al studies of th~ piat;es within the f~amew.orl(_of systems a~alysis

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· . clea~iy show.. ed. tha~ ·.this .was

. .

not the ca'ae, ana that 'tne \ .,m'et.a·l:. · · .. · ·

· · .. :· ·t"emoval pattet'ns obset'ved wel:'e indicative of· that. pt'oduced by · , '

. . .

' . . .

.

'

.. ' I

a pt'ocess no~ dis~imilat" to electt'ochemical machini~g.

' . ; . .. ·. . ' ·.

. .

. \' .

'The ciol:'t"osion characterist~cs of Ni-Hard'plates

~ ,• . i ' . .

wei'e -.!.~nalyzed

by·

pote .~ti~stAic _pola't'lz~tion

methods ._u.sing'

~·n.

·

.... '

.

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intact· t"e~i~er plate~ as th~· working· elect l:'ode .

..

.. A potent:ial was.

~mpre~sed ~pon

this

ei_ectro~e ' causi~~ ' it.

to

.' ~orrode.

The·

resultan~ . .. . . curr~nt . . dedsity : · at'a ·" ·fJ I nc~ion. .. .

0

~f :~plied

potentlai

was plotted giving 'l\ .pol~rization. cutve for Ni-Hard·. . The

'· . 1 . ..

·{~r~c~dure

·followed

· ~as ~s.ed : upon \ As™. Stani!h~d Method Gs· , ·

modified.such ~hat a~\intact· refiner •plate could be used. No

.

. \ .

. .

'

attempt. was made t·o dupl~_cate the t~~perat.Ut'8 and .consi.stency.

.

. · .

\ . . ·'· . .

. . ::condition's in; the ~effning zorie of a• conunercial t'efinel:'

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be~a-~se~~ ·t~e -~~perime _n~~l. diff ic~~~i-~s

involved ·and the

~

I

• fact

.·t~a:

these. cond\tions .. areJ till. no't.

we~l

understood. In

·' spite of

. tli!-~ limit.at \~n, th~ iesul~s

..

<:!av~

.s9me interesting ..

~nsight .s i~to. 'tlfe ... e.ffe~t th~t· ~ditives

·have

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exten'ding··

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ref!n·e.r

plat~ ii~e~-. . . .. .

·

Re~plts ' .

showed· that

. I . cor·~osion . .

rat:es were

. . I '

. -lower-when dissolved oxyaen was ~igh, br±rtging·into queQtion·

)

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~: .-

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_ ·th~:}>, e_l..~~f ~h.at

·.the

r~ie. p~~;e~. by · Na'~~o 3 i~ ''enh~nci~g .

· , - :

• 'refiner

pla~e '.Hf~

is :ia·

a \ m + i.aniiJm

.of o,xygen sc;>ven9ing: ..

0

. .

· ·· . ,.

~e : P~ential. f~r.~~ xt~ndi~:. ~efiner. ~lat~ . -~~~e.·

by'

corrosion. c_ont.ro1 techniques r I . s discussed., These include: . .... . , . · .. ,

I

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1.. · C?On~:r;-ol·~f

·o2

~-9nte!lt, · ·

f ·

2 : ~Hoying

of flaj k ·., . '

(..,.: 3. ·anodic

pr ,~tectiOn\.

,

4,. cathodic protec i~rL · · · ·

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ACKNOWLEDGE~ENT

. . :. . - . ' .

:I '

_ /- The

au.tl)or is

-~e~y.' grate~-u.~

to his

~uperv·is~r

I ·Dr.

f • . . • . . . . I .

. R f

M. Hopkins,·

P·~o:e-~sor ?f·.-~ngi~eer.i,.p~

..

~nd . Appi~e.d

·

S1i~~c.~,

.

fo~

his guidance, encouragement and

~ntinuous

support ,during

. . . . . .

.

. !

~he ~ourse of. resar~h a~d for his careful review

?f

he

I . . '· • .

' . ' I

:manuscript. . ·

. .

'

.. . -'·

I ' ' . . , I

: . . · The ~~thor a'l·so wishes to expres.s .h~s app eciation.

·~ ~o Di : ~o~~ ~oi.g~~~~ £oi

his hE. lp • and' kee.n

~rite_r~s: t.l i~

the

I ,

!

a~ea ·of wear of refiner_·~l~~s. -· /

, ..

~ - ~~-

· • T)u!; finarici.al

_S?P~o~t :

c;>£fered

b.Y_ M.;~~ia t . .

·- ~~ ;- niversit~

of

New-fc;:>~~dl.~~d

is

· g~a-tefully .ack~owled~ed;

... .

• . \

e.~~~:t; ~~~~ks are"·, ~1.1e. :~o ~ea:- Al~~ich, ._Sch~ol_ of Gr~~u·ate . \§ udie·s, and Professors El-Hawary and' ~ari I Chairme.n,

. \ ·-:-t> .,

G1adu_at~ S~udi~s

<!ornmittee1 : for

t~eir;

constant ·advice

~,· \ ...

J'

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.

)•·

'

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. enc0uragement·.

\

' . .

.\.. ·The

I

• author would like ·to thank 1;-he 'personnel at

. '

their he,lp._

. i .. ~-· . .

Prife (Nfld.). Pu~p & Paper Co. Ltd. ,for

~~r~ J.c_ular thank-~ ~~-

to Mr. · Che·s.

Mill:-~.

I·. .

·. '\ '·:

Fin~lly

' ...

.- t~e ~uthor .W'i_ ~~es

I to

s~ecially

thank his·

wife for her ·I . cont~nuous encouragement, understanding and .

P a~~~n~e.

I . . . : . . . . .

r i Thi~.,....wbrk 'was .s·uppor:ted in part by the, N~tura'l

; 0 ~ . . . ' - - ·· . . -·- · - - -. . - · - · - -' \ · · - - - -· - ··- - . . ..

Sciences

I

' and

.

Encjin~ering

. .

Rea'earch

.

~ouncil'.

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v

CONTENTS

:-..

.

.

. ·

' I

.-

.

.. (

...

-

. . Page

. ·.

~I~T .OF TABLES

. . . '

.

_.;"".· ~~ I:I~T ·~: .~US-TRI\TION'S ..

·. J

-.

'NOTATION

·"

:. . : .

. . .

.. CH!\PTER 1. • INTRODUCTION ... · :· . . .. . ·,. ":. , ..

. ·· .. ";. · .. ·. H*sto~ical Developrrie~t-JPf Ref.ine.r Groundwood

:& ' ~--·• • for ·Newspt:i!lt· Ma~ufact\!re . · ·

1.2 P~esent·Day Problem· Ar~as

1. 3 ·objectives· of· Thesis

·

· cHA.~T~R

.. 2·-'.

F~~T~~NF~UENCrN~

PLATE LIFE:

. . : '!. . ··

fi.

LITERATURE; SURVEY

~, 2.:J 1 I.f\troduction . · . ·· ·

I

..

··' -

·2~2 . Pl'ate'Pattern . . ._ · . .. ·. . . 2. 3 .·[.Running .Clearance - .Plate· Taper ( Pro£ile) . 2. 4 . Plate' Ma•terial' · ·

. 2.4.1/9Hardness of Plate Material

2. 4. 2 Conditioning ·

·2

;s

Different· Plate Patterns on · .. Rotor and Stator Disks:

. 2·.6 Coflsistency ..

2:? . Addt_.tives and pH Con-trol 2 ;8' Reversal-of Plates ·

· 2. 9 . ·Refiner ·sPeed· . ·

· 2·.

io

Steam Generation and Removal

.

.

.

·2 .11 · Qptimum Tfming of Refiner Plate Replace~ent

~~12 ~la~e·wea~ 1

~~13· corrosion

2 .1·4. Summary . . .

~HAPTER

3 .THE APPLICATION OF

SYS~EMS

TECHNIQUES

~c)

.. l •.

; TfiE STUDY OF ·THE. 'WEAR OF . REFI~E .. R PLATE,S ·' . ,

~ 3. General Pr 6 bl~m Statement '

3. 2 · I Tephnical ~Fun.ction of· the Tribo-Sya,tem . 3. ~ II Operati~g Vari'ab1es

.~···

3 • 3 •. 1 Type

of

Mot.ion

3; 3,. 2 · Duriltion of operation.·

3 • 3 • 3 · Load Fn ( t) . . ·

3.3.4 Veloc.ity v(t)

· c-lpm) · .

3·.-3.s Temperatur~ T(t). (.~c)

3 ~·3. 6 .. Qther·. Operatil')CJ Varfa;l)le~

·3 .• 4 . III Structure. of the· Tribo~System

.

:\·,· ..

' .

.Jr

. .

i viii .

.X .,

xvi 1

i 4 7

9 . 9 . I

10 1S·:

'• 19

·21

24 25

,.

26 28.' 30 32

·35 38 44 so .

.

63

.

. sa

59 s9.

60 60· 60 60' 63 63 63 64

'

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. .

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3.4.1 Volume Properti~s. (Geomet'x.:y/ .. ': . . ..64

Dimensions/Volume) of 't'ribo-El~ment·. . '\

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3 .4.2 -Volume Properties .(Geometry/

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· · LJ], the Lubr !can't · . ·, · · · · ··. ]..

i . 3.4.3 ·Volume ·~rop~r.ties -;~hemic!ll . . .. . · 66

i

. . Compo'rtition of·Tr,ib~Element [3], . '

· . the Lul5ricant · · ·. • - · · i ' ·

.. 3.4.·l . Volume

Propert:i~s

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Data ":'.Tribo.-Element [l] and

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·3.4.5 Volume·Properties .- ·Phy&.•'"7Mech.- · · .. 67 ; · · ,: '

. Data - Tribo-Element [3], Lu~ican't· · ·. '-\ ' '3•.4:.6 surface Properties ~ other Data· · '68 .. · ~ . . . . ·.

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3 ... 4\ 7 contact Are.a A(t) ' · ·- 68 · · · · .., ·_ ·

j·.':

. Lubrication Mode · : · ·. · · .

3.

4. 8 · E,I..ement: [ 3] . ( ~'Lub.ripant ~ )' - App •. ·69· · : .. • . · · .. ·:

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70 · · ~· .' . . . · .'-:; ··.·

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. 3 •. 4. 9· ·Tribo~gical ~ransac'tio.ns- 71 • ·• l.

3;~.-9.1 Fie1d·l. Trib~'Eleme~t{l]_· 7·2 .· .... · '.:· .. ·.

/ · 'Stationary .R~fi~er Plat;..e . ..· .. . / ( Cond~ t.ion ·A - No Clashing} · ; • · · .. · · / 3.-4.9 .• 2 F~eld 2. Tribo-Elf(tment [2].- 73'

Rotating R~finer Plate· · · · · • (Conditiop ~- ·No Clas~ing)

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3.4.9.3'. Field 3. Tribo-Element [3] ':" 74 · .•

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.. · ~. No C~ashing) ,,... .. ,' : • : · . 3 .4. 9. 3.1 ';l'he· Factor: Ineffectivene~s . 76 . . . .-··

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3.4.9.4 'Field "II. T!iibo-El'ement '{·l] .• : ·18 ... ,.

Tribo-E!lement [3], ·-stat~onar·y · · ·., ·· ·

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. · · . . . Tripo-Element [2J; .sta_tion~_ry ·~ ~ ..

Refiner • ~late •. Rotating. .. _

Refiner Piate (Condition A .- , · - : • .. ; /, . . . · ~o'. Clashing') . ' · .' · . ··.:· · · · · ··

. · · ~ :4.9, 6 Conditioo B - .Clashing . ·

ao. . · .. .' · · . ..

•· 3.4.9. 7·. Field. 6 • . Tribo-IUement .-[1) .. . 81' · · , Tribo.:.Ei.ement· [2]; Stationary · . ·· ·

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. . Refiner Refiner Plate Plate·-, ·Rotating : ~ ·.. · · ..· .· · .. . · · · ,3.

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IV Tribological Ch~racteristics · .·. · 93'. ·

3. S .1· C.hanges in' P;-ope~,.ties of the ··Elements '83

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