273
ﺏﺎﻁﺨ ﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ
ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻱﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻫﺎﻔﺸﻝﺍ .
ـ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘ ﺔﺒﺭﺎﻘﻤ ـ
ﺓﺫﺎﺘﺴﻷﺍ : ﺩﺍﺭﺯ ﺕﺎﻨﺠ
ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘ ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻨ ﺕﺎﺼﺼﺨﺘﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﻤﺠ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﺎﻫ ﺕﻻﻭﺤﺘ ﻥﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺩﻬﺸ ﻭ ،ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻨﻜﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺍ
ﺯ ﺹﻴﺨﺸﺘﻝ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻬﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺴﺘﻜ ﺩﻘﻝﻭ ،ﺕﺎﺤﻭﺭﻁﻝﺍﻭ ﻕﺌﺎﻘﺤﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﺍﻭ
ﺭﻜﻔﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺩﻗﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﻴﺸﻨﻭ ﻲﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﺜﻷﺍ ﻊﻤ لﻤﺎﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻕﺌﺍﺭﻁ ﺕﻻﻭﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕﺴﻤ
"
ﺭﻤﻝﺎﺒ "
ﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﺒﻝﺍ لﻋﺎﻔﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﻁﺒﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺙﺤﺒ ﻲ
ﻡﻭﺴﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﺒﺎﺘﻜ ﻲﻓ
ـﺒ
"
ﻱﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﺱﺴﻷﺍ
"
ﻰﻤﺴﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺩﺘﻤﺇﻭ لﺒ ،
"
ﺀﺎﻜﺫﻝﺎﺒ
ﻲﻋﺎﻨﻁﺼﻹﺍ "
ﻙﻝﺫ ﺕﺒﺜﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻲﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺀﺎﻜﺫﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺭﻭﻤﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻘﺘﻠﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ
ﺔﺜﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ .
ﺭﻭﻤﺃ ﻲﻫﻭ ،ﺔﻝﺎﺴﺭﻝﺍﻭ ﻊﺠﺭﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻤﻼﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﺓﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍ ﺭﺼﻋ ﻭﻫ ﺭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﺇ ﺍﺯﻴﻤﺘﻤ ﺎﺒﻭﻠﺴﺃ ﺕﺒﺠﻨﺃ ﺽﺎﺨﻤ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤﺒ ﺭﻤ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﻱﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﺕﻠﻐﺸ ﺍ
ﻪﻤﺴ
"
ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﻤﺴﻝﺍ "
ﻰﻠﻋ ﻱﻭﻁﻨﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﻓﺎﻀﺇ ﺩﻬﺠ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺝﺎﺘﺤﺘ ،ﺔﻨﺭﻤﻭ ﺔﻌﺴﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺀﺎﻀﻓ
ﺩﻭﺩﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺴﺭﻝ .
ﻥﺃ ﻲﻓ ﻙﺸﻻﻭ ﺩﺩﺠﺘﻤ ﻲﻏﻼﺒ ﺱﺭﺩ ﻲﻫ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻴﻤﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺭﺎﻤﻤﻝﺍ
ﺩﻴﻌﺘ ﺔﻘﻴﻗﺩ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁﺒﻭ ،ﻁﻴﺴﺒ ﻲﻤﻠﻋ ﺏﻭﻠﺴﺄﺒ ،ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻨﺎﻗ ﻕﺭﺨ ﺭﻫﺎﻅﻤ ﻥﻋ ﺙﺤﺒﻭ ﺭﻴﻐﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻕﺎﺴﻨﻷﺍ لﻴﻜﺸﺘ ﻴﺩﺤ ﺕﺎﻴﻌﺠﺭﻤﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﻁﻌﻤ ﻕﻓﻭ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻝ
ﺔﺜ .
ﻑﻭﺭﻌﻤ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤﻜﻭ ﻥﺈﻓ
ﺙﺍﺭﺘ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤ ﻱﺃ لﻜﺸﺘﻴ
ﻥﻴﻤﺴﻗ ﻥﻤ :
ﻕﻭﻁﻨﻤ ﻡﺴﻗ
ﻕﻭﻁﻨﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﻹﺍ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻻﻭ ﻪﺘﻝﻻﺩﻭ ﻪﺘﻔﻴﻅﻭﻭ ﻩﺭﻭﺩ ﺎﻤﻬﻨﻤ لﻜﻝﻭ ﺕﻤﺎﺼ ﻡﺴﻗﻭ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻬﺴﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ لﺌﺎﺴﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﺜﻤﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺭﻴﻏ ﻥﻋ ﻑﻭﺯﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻘﻠﺘ ﻥﻤ ﺙﻌﺒﻨﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘ ﺓﺀﺍﺭﻗ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻲﻓ ﻥﺎﻴﺤﻷﺍ ﺩ
» ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﺒﻋ
ﺔﻴﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻤﻴﻹﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺜﺭﺍﻭﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻫﺎﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺘﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻴﻭﺼﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺘﺤﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻨﻔﻝﺎﻜ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺴﻤ ﺭﺒﻋ ...
ﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺭﻴﻏﻭ
، ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺫﺇ
لﻌﻓ ﺍ ﻲﻝﺎﺼﺘ
)«
(1
، ﺔﻴﻤﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﺘﻓﺎﻘﺜ ﻊﻤﻭ ﻱﺭﺎﻀﺤﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﺜﻭﺭﻭﻤ ﻊﻤ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻥﺇ
ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﻴﺴﺭﺍﺩﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﻴﺜﺤﺎﺒﻝﺍ لﺒﻗ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻘﻴﻘﺤ ﻡﻋﺩ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺝﺎﺘﺤﺘ ﺎﻨﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤ ﻊﻤﻭ ﻊﻴﻤﺠ ﻰﻠﻋ
274
ﺎﻴﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ
،ﺕ ﺔﻘﻴﻘﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﻻﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻎﻴﻠﺒﺘﻝﺍ لﺌﺎﺴﻭ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﺇ ﻥﺃ ﻴﻭﻁﺘﻭ لﺎﺼﺘ
ﻥﻤ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﺎﻤﻨﺇ ﺎﻫﺭ
ﻻﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻊﻗﺍﻭ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇﻭ ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﻭﺯﺨﻤ ﻁﻴﺸﻨﺘﺒ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ ،ﺓﺩﺩﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻗﻼﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠ
ﻭﺎﺤﺄﺴﻭ ،ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﺒﻨﺍﻭﺠ لﻼﻐﺘﺴﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨ ﺩﻨﻋ ﻑﻭﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ل
لﻴﻗ ﺎﻤﻴﺩﻗﻭ ،ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻍﻼﺒﻹﺍ لﺌﺎﺴﻭ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻠﻴﺴﻭﻜ ﺓﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍ :
ﺎﺸﺇ ﺏﺭ ﺭ ﻥﻤ ﻎﻠﺒﺃ ﺓ
ﺓﺭﺎﺒﻋ . ﻭ لﺒﻗ ﻕﻼﻁﻨﻻﺍ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺢﻴﻀﻭﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺩﻤﻌﻨﺴ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ
ﺎﻬﻠﻤﻌﺘﺴﻨﺴ :
-1 ﺀﺎﻴﻤﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻴﺃ ﺕﺎﻤﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺤ ﺱﺭﺩﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻫﻭ :
ﻥﺎﻜ ﺎ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻋﻭﻨﻭ ﺎﻫﺭﺩﺼﻤ
ﺠﻻﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻁﺇ لﻌﺠ ﺩﻗﻭ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘ
"
ﺭﻴﺴﻭﺴﻭﺩ "
ﺭﺼﺘﻘﻤ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺕﺎﻤﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺍ
ﻻﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﻝﻻﺩﻭ ﻝﺍ ﻪﺒ ﻡﻬﻔﻴ ﺎﻤﺒ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠ
ﺒ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻡﻬﻀﻌﺒ ﺭﺸ .
ﺎﻤﺌﺎﻗ ﺎﻤﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻴﻤﺴﻝﺍ ﺢﺒﺼﺘ ﻡﻝﻭ
ﻡﻬﺴﺃﺭ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﻴﺴﺭﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﺎﻬﻤﺩﻗ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﻭﻬﺠﻤﻝﺍ لﻀﻔﺒ ﹼﻻﺇ ﻪﺘﺍﺫﺒ ﻲﻜﻴﺭﻤﻷﺍ
"
ﺱﺭﻴﺒ
"
C.Peirce
، "
-1839
" 1914 ﻊﻴﻤﺠ لﻤﺸﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍ ﻡﻠﻋ ﻩﺭﻅﻨ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻬﻓ
ﻯﺭﺨﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﻌﻴﺒﻁﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺙﻴﺤ
لﻭﻘﻴ
":
ﺱﻴﻝ ﻲﺘﻋﺎﻁﺘﺴﺎﺒ ﺀﻲﺸ ﻱﺃ ﺱﺭﺩﺃ ﻥﺃ
ﺔﻴﻜﻴﻤﺎﻨﻴﺩﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻀﺭﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺫﺎﺠﻝﺍﻭ ﺀﺎﻴﺯﻓﺎﺘﻴﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻕﻼﺨﻷﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﻀﺎﻴﺭﻝﺎﻜ ﻥﻭﻜﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻴﻤﻴﻜﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﺭﺼﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺭﺍﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺀ
ﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﺢﻴﺭﺸﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻋﻭ ﻡﻠﻋﻭ ﺱﻔﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻋﻭ ﻙﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻋﻭ ﻥﺭﺎ
ﻭﻭ ﻡﻼﻜﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘﻭ ﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻹﺍ ﻡﻠﻋﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﺘﻭﺼﻝﺍ ...
ﺀﺎﺴﻨﻝﺍﻭ لﺎﺠﺭﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﻭﻜﺴﻝﺍﻭ
ﺍﻭ ﺫﻴﺒﻨﻝ ﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻋﻭ ﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﻤﻴﺴ ﻡﺎﻅﻨ ﻪﻨﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﹼﻻﺇ ،ﻥﻴﺯ
ﻲ
"
) (.2
-2 ﻎﻴﻠﺒﺘﻝﺍ Communication :
ﻓ ﻡﻜﺤﺘﺘ ﺓﺩﻘﻌﻤ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅ ﻎﻴﻠﺒﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﻋ لﻤﺍﻭﻋ ﺎﻬﻴ
: ﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨﻭ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻝ ﺍ
ﺠ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘ
ﺔﻴﺒﺎﺘﻜ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﻫﺎﻔﺸ ﺔﻝﺎﺴﺭ ﻎﻴﻠﺒﺘ ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻝ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ لﻤﺍﻭﻋﻭ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻭ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤ ﻥﻤﻀﺘﺘ ﻭﺃ
ﺀﺍﺭﺃ ﻭﺃ ﺭﺎﻜﻓﺃ ﻡﻼﻜﻝﺍ لﻀﻔﺒ
ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺏﻭﺘﻜﻤﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻕﻭﻁﻨﻤﻝﺍ ،
ﺎﻬﺠﻭﻤ ﺎﺒﺎﻁﺨ ﺞﺘﻨﻴ ﺙﺩﺤﺘﻤ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍ لﺩﺎﺒﺘ ﺎﻬﻝﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻡﺘﻴ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻥﻋ ﺓﺭﺎﺒﻋ ﻎﻴﻠﺒﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻪﻴﻝﺇ ﺙﺩﺤﺘﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ .
ﺩﻌﻴﻭ ﺭﺼﻨﻋ ﻎﻴﻠﺒﺘﻝﺍ ﺍ
ﻭﻬﻓ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﻷﺍ ﻎﻝﺎﺒ "
ﻡﺯﻴﻨﺎﻜﻴﻤﻝﺍ
ﻊﻤ ﺔﻴﻨﻫﺫﻝﺍ ﺯﻭﻤﺭﻝﺍ لﻜ لﻤﺸﻴ ﻪﻨﺇ ،ﺭﻭﻁﺘﺘﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﺠﻭﺘ ﻪﺘﻁﺴﺍﻭﺒ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺌﻴﻫﻭ ﻪﺠﻭﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﺴﺎﻘﺘ ﺎﻀﻴﺃ ﻥﻤﻀﺘﻴﻭ ﻥﺎﻤﺯﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻫﺯﻴﺯﻌﺘﻭ لﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺒﻋ ﺎﻬﻐﻴﻠﺒﺘ لﺌﺎﺴﻭ ﺘﻜﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻤﻠﻜﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺒﻨﻭ ﺕﺎﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻁﻘﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻋﻭﺒﻁﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﺒﺎ
ﻥﺎﻜﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﺎﻤﺯﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﻓﺎﺸﺘﻜﻹﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻡﺘ ﺎﻤ ﺭﺨﺁ ﻪﻠﻤﺸﻴ ﺎﻤ لﻜﻭ ﻥﻭﻴﺯﻔﻠﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻑﺍﺭﻐﻠﺘﻝﺍﻭ
"
) (3
275
ﺔﻴﻝﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻌﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﻐﻴﻠﺒﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺱﺴﺄﺘﺘﻭ :
لﻴﺼﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺎﻨﻗ ،ﻪﻴﻝﺇ لﺴﺭﻤﻝﺍ،لﺴﺭﻤﻝﺍ
ﻱﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻊﻀﻭﻝﺍﻭ ،ﻪﻤﺎﻘﻤﻭ )
.(Code
-3 ﺔﻤﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﺘﻴ ﺔﻴﺴﺤ ﺓﺭﻭﺼ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻤﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﺘﺘ :
ﺱﻤﺨﻝﺍ ﺱﺍﻭﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﺴﺎﺤﺒ ﺎﻬﻜﺍﺭﺩﺇ ﻡ
ﻕﻭﺫﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻡﺸﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺭﺼﺒﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺱﻤﻠﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻊﻤﺴﻝﺍ
» ﻊﻀﺍﻭﺘﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺭﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺱﺴﺄﺘﺘﻭ
ﻥﻴﺒﻁﺎﺨﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﻭﺃ ﻥﺎﻨﺜﺍ ﻥﺎﺒﻁﺎﺨﺘﻤ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ
)«
(.4
ﺒﻓ ﺎ ﺎﻤ ﻊﻤ ﻲﺴﺤﻝﺍ لﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﻁﺎﺒﺘﺭ
،ﺎﻬﺘﻻﻻﺩﻭ ﺎﻬﻴﻨﺎﻌﻤﺒ ﺡﻭﺒﺘﻭ ﺎﻬﻨﻭﻨﻜﻤ ﻥﻋ ﺔﻤﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﺢﺼﻔﺘ ﻥﻭﺒﻁﺎﺨﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻊﻀﺍﻭﺘﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺔﻐﻝ ﺩﺎﺠﻴﺇ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻝﺎﻤﻌﺘﺴﺇ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﺓﺎﻨﻗ لﻜ ﻊﻤ ﻊﻀﻭﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻕﺎﻔﺘﻹﺍ ﻕﻘﺤﺘﻴﻭ .
ﻭ ﻲﺴﻔﻨ ﻰﻁﻌﻤ ﺔﻤﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﻌﺘ ﺍ
ﻊﻀﻭﻝﺍ ﻪﻠﺼﺃ ،ﻱﺭﺎﻀﺤﻭ ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻭ ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠ
ﻲﻐﻴﻠﺒﺘ ﻡﺎﻅﻨ ﻱﺃ ﺔﻌﺴ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤ ﺎﻨﻨﻜﻤﻴ ﺎﻬﻝﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺡﻼﻁﺼﻹﺍﻭ ﻑﺭﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻱﺩﺭﻁ ﺏﺴﺎﻨﺘ ﻙﺎﻨﻬﻓ ،ﺔﻴﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺎﻨﻭﻜﻤ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁﻭ
» ﺔﻴﻁﺎﺒﺘﻋﺍ ﺃ ﻅﻨ ﻱ ﺔﻌﺴﻭ ﻲﻤﻼﻜ ﻡﺎ
ﻡﺎﻅﻨ لﻜ ﻲﻓ لﻭﻝﺩﻤﻝﺍﻭ لﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺒﻘﻤ ﻥﺄﺒ لﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻨﺒ ﻲﻀﻔﻴ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻪﻏﻼﺒﺇ ﻲﻠﺼﺍﻭﺘ ﺱﺎﺴﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﺍﺭﺘﻗﻻﺍ
ﻲﻘﻁﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺘ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺔﻗﺎﻁ ﻊﻤ ﺎﻴﺴﻜﻋ ﺎﺒﺴﺎﻨﺘ ﺏﺴﺎﻨﺘ
ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻤ ﻥﻭﻜﻴﻓ ، ﻍﻼﺒﻹﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻁﺎﺒﺘﻋﻻﺍ
ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ﺔﻴﻓﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺓﺁﺭﻤ ﻭﻫ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ
ﺯﺎﻬﺠﻠﻝ ﻰﻓﻭﻷﺍ ﻲﻏﻼﺒﻝﺍ
)«
(.5
ﻥﻭﻜﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺈﻓ ﻪﻨﻤﻭ ﻲﻁﺎﺒﺘﻋﻻﺍ
ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ لﻜ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﻪﻠﻤﺸﺘ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ
ﺩﺒﻻ ﺔﻝﺎﺴﺭﻠﻝ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺈﻓ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻠﻋﻭ ،ﻎﻴﻠﺒﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺭﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﺴ ﺎﻨﻝ ﻥﻴﺒﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ﺔﻴﻐﻴﻠﺒﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺒ
ﻅﻨ ﺎ ﺎﻬﻔﺌﺎﻅﻭ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤﻭ ﺎﻬﻠﻴﻠﺤﺘﻭ ﺎﻬﻤﻬﻓ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻜﻤﺘﻴ ﻲﻜﻝ ﺎﻬﻤ
ﺎﻬﻀﺍﺭﻏﺃﻭ .
-4 ﺓﺭﺎـــﺸﻹﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍ ﺭﺒﺘﻌﺘ :
"
ﻌﻤ ﺔﻴﺎﻏ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻑﺩﻬﻴ ﻲﻨﺎﺴﻨﺇ لﻤﻋ ﺝﺎﺘﻨ ﻴ
ﻬﺠﻭﻤ ﺔﻨ ﺔ
/ ﻥﻴﺭﺨﻶﻝ ﻪﻏﻼﺒﺇﻭ ﻲﺠﺭﺎﺨ ﻊﻗﺍﻭ ﺭﺍﺭﻗﺇ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﺽﺭﻐﻝﺍ
"
) (.6
ﻥﻤ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻝﺍ لﻘﻨﻝ ﺔﻠﻴﺴﻭ ﻲﻫﻭ
ﺏﻁﺎﺨﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﺍﺩﻴﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺎﺒ ﺏﻁﺎﺨﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﺍﺩﻴﻤ ﺏﻁﺎﺨﺘﻝﺍ ﻱﺃ ﺀﺎﻤﻴﻹﺎﺒ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺭﺎﺸﻹﺎﺒ
،ﺕﻤﺼﻝﺎﺒ ﻭ
ﺎﻜﺭﺤﻭ ﺕﺍﺀﺎﻤﻴﻹﺍ ﻡﺠﺭﺘﻨ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺭﻜﻓ ﺩﻴﻝﺍ ﺕ
ﺔﻝﺎﺤ ﻭﺃ ﺎﻤﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻤﻠﻜ
ﻥﻤ ﺓﺩﻘﻌﻤ ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﻡﺠﺭﺘﺘ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﺤﻭﺭ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨ
،ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻜﻓﻷﺍ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻊﻴﻁﺘﺴﻴﻓ
ﺍﺩﺠ ﺓﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﻲﻨﺎﻌﻤ ﻥﻋ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻨﻴﻌﺒ
ﺀﺎﺒﺩﻸﻝ ﺎﻴﺭﺜ ﺎﻨﻴﻌﻤ ﺕﻠﻜﺸ ﺓﺯﻴﻤﺘﻤ ﺔﻐﻝ ﻥﻴﻨﻴﻌﻠﻠﻓ ،
ﻥﺒﺍ ﺭﻤﻌﻝ ﻥﻴﻴﻝﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺘﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﺫﺨﺃ ﺍﺫﺈﻓ ﺭﻭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﺒﻋ ﻥﻴﻨﺎﻨﻔﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﺒﺃ
ﺭ ﺔﻌﻴﺒ :
ﻡﻠــﻜﺘﺘ ﻡﻝﻭ ﺭﻭﻋﺫﻤ ﺓﺭﺎﺸﺇ ﺎﻬﻠﻫﺃ ﺔﻔﻴﺨ ﻥﻴﻌﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﻁﺒ ﺕﺭﺎﺸﺃ
ﻡـﻴﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﻴﺒﺤﻝﺎﺒ ﻼﻬﺴﻭ ﻼﻫﺃﻭ ﺎﺒﺤﺭﻤ لﺎﻗ ﺩﻗ ﻑﺭﻁﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺕﻨﻘﻴﺄﻓ
276
ﺩﺠﻨ ﻥﻴﺘﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺫﻫ ﺭﺴﻔﻨ ﺎﻤﺩﻨﻌﻓ :
ﺓﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍ ﻲﻓ لﺜﻤﺘﺘ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻝ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺔﻴﻐﻴﻠﺒﺘ ﺔﻠﻴﺴﻭ • .
ﻎﻴﻠﺒﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺎﻨﻗ • :
ﻥﻴﻌﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﻁ ﻲﻫﻭ .
ﺭﻴﺸﻤﻝﺍ / لﺴﺭﻤﻝﺍ ) ﺔﺒﻭﺒﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﺜﻤﺘﻴ .(
• ﻓﺭﻁ ﺎ ﺎــــﻤﻫﻭ ، ﻎﻴﻠﺒﺘﻝﺍ :
ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻝﺇ ﺭﺎﺸﻤﻝﺍ
) ﺏﻭﺒﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﺜﻤﺘﻴ (
ﻎﻴﻠﺒﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻘﻤ • :
ﺭﻋﺫﻝﺍﻭ ﻑﻭﺨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﺜﻤﺘﻴ ﻻ ﻰﺘﺤ ﻥﻴﻌﻝﺎﺒ ﺓﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍ لﺎﺴﺭﺇ ﻡﺘ ﻙﻝﺫﻝﻭ
ﺨﻠﻝ ﻥﻭﺭﺨﻷﺍ ﻪﺒﺘﻨﻴ ﺒ
ﻡﺘﻜﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﺘﻴ ﺫﺇ ،ﻪﻨﻭﻓﺭﻌﻴﻭ ﺭ .
ﺔﻌﻀﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ • )
:(Code ﻪﻴﻝﺇ ﺭﺎﺸﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﻴﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺎﻬﻴﻋ ﻑﺭﺎﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻔﺸﻝﺍ ﻭﻫﻭ
ﻱﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﺎﻐﻝﺍ ﺕﻘﻘﺤﺘﻭ ﺓﺩﺌﺎﻔﻝﺍ ﺕﻠﺼﺤ ﻙﻝﺫﻝﻭ .
ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺕﺎﻤﻼﻌﻝﺍ :
ﻬﻓﺎﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺩﻘﻝ ﻰﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺓﺎﻨﻘﻝﺍ ﺔ
ﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﺴﻷﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻼﻝ
ﻥﻴﺒ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍﻭ
ﻱﺩﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻘﺒﻝﺍ ﻕﻘﺤﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﻑﺎﺸﺘﻜﺇ لﺒﻗ ﺔﻤﻴﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺸﺒﻝﺍ ﻤ ﺔﻝﺎﺴﺭﻠﻝ
ﺎﻤ
ﺎﺠﺘ ﺎﻬﻝ ﺢﻴﺘﻴ ﻭ
ﺯ ﻱﺩﺤ ﻲﻫﺎﻔﺸﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﺘﻺﻝ ﺡﺎﺘﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺎﻤﻨﻴﺒ ﻥﺎﻜﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﺎﻤﺯﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﺒﻌﺒﻭ
ﻅﺤﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﺴﻝ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ ﺔﻤﻴﺩﻗ
"
ﻴﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻭﺼﻘﻤ ﻥﺎﺴﻠﻝﺍ ﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺭﻀﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﺏ
ﻘ ﻕﻠﻁﻤ ﻡﻠ
،ﻥﺎﻜﻤ لﻜﺒ ﺃﺭﻘﻴ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍﻭ ،ﻥﻫﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﻡﺌﺎﻘﻠﻝ ﻪﻠﺜﻤ ﻥﺌﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﺏﻝﺎﻐﻠﻝ ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﺏﺌﺎﻐﻝﺍﻭ ﺩﻫﺎﺸﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻭﺩﻌﻴ ﻻ ﻥﺎﺴﻠﻝﺍﻭ ،ﻥﺎﻤﺯ لﻜ ﻲﻓ ﺱﺭﺩﻴﻭ ﻤﺎﺴ
ﻌ ﻩﺭﻴﻏ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻩﺯﻭﺎﺠﺘﻴ ﻻﻭ ﻪ
"
) (.7
ﻭ ﺩﻗ ﻥﺎﻌﺘﺴﺍ
ﺤﻠﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺎﻜ ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻱﻭﻔﺸﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﻜﺸﺃﻭ ﺔﻴﻫﺎﻔﺸﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺭﻤﻝﺎﺒ لﻭﻷﺍ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺔﻤ
ﻭ لﺜﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﻏﻷﺍ
ﺯﻐﻠﻝﺍﻭ ...
ﺦﻝﺍ ﺘﺎﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﺩﻴﺇ ﺎﻫﺭﺒﻋ ﺭﺭﻤﻴ ﺓﺎﻨﻘﻜ ﻪ
ﺎﻬﻝﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ لﻘﻨﻴﻭ
ﺔﻘﺤﹼﻼﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺠﻷﺍ ﻊﻤ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻐﺒ ﻪﺘﺍﺭﺒﺨ .
ﻩﺫﻫ ﺓﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍﻭ ﺕﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﻫ ﻥﻴﺘﻴﻨﺎﻴﺒ ﻥﻴﺘﻠﻴﺴﻭ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻬﻓﺎﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﺘﻭ ﻹﺍﻭ ﺔﻨﺎﺒﻹﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺘﻨﻭﺎﻌﻤ لﺠﺃ ﻥﻤ ﻅﻔﻠﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻝﺇ ﺝﺎﺘﺤﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺡﺎﺼﻓ
ﻪﻨﻤ ﻎﻠﺒﺃ ﻥﻭﻜﺘﻭ ﻪﻨﻋ ﺏﻭﻨﺘ ﺓﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﺎﻨﺎﻴﺤﺃ لﺒ ﻪﻨﻋ ﻥﺎﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻌﻨ ﻲﻬﻓ ،ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻝﺍ .
ﺒ ﺎﻤﺃ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻝﺎ
ﺎﻬﻝ ﺔﻗﻭﻁﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻠﻜﻝﺎﻓ ﻲﺘﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﻸﻝ –
ﺎﻤﺘﺤ - ﺭﺒﻨﻭ ﺽﺎﻔﺨﻨﺍﻭ ﻭﻠﻋ ﻥﻤ ﻲﺘﻭﺼ ﺀﺍﺩﺃ
ﺍﺫﻫ ﺩﻘﻔﺘ ﺎﻬﻨﺈﻓ ﺔﻤﻠﻜﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺏﺘﻜﺘ ﻥﻴﺤﻭ ﻡﻴﻐﻨﺘﻭ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ
)«
(8
.
ﺭﺜﻨﻷﺍ ﺙﺤﺎﺒﻝﺍ لﻌﻝﻭ ﻭ
ﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﻅﺤﻼﻴ ﻲﺠﻭﻝﻭﺒ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻁﺒﺭﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻴﻁﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻌ
ﻥﻭﻓﺭﺘﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﻀﻴﻝﻭ ،ﺎﻤﻬﻴﻓ ﻁﻴﺴﻭﻜ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘﻭ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﻬﻔﺸﻝﺍ –
ﻡﻬﻔﺼﻭﺒ
ﺙﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻅﻔﺤ –
لﻼﻐﺘﺴﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﻭﺼﺭﺤﻴ ﺡﺎﺠﻨﺒ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻡﻬﺘﻻﺎﺴﺭ لﻭﺼﻭ
277
ﻤ ﻥﻜﻤﻤ ﺩﺩﻋ ﺭﺒﻜﺃ ﺏﺎﻁﻘﺘﺴﺍ لﺠﺃ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺫﻔﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﺒﻫﺍﻭﻤﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﺘﺍﺭﺩﻗ ﻊﻴﻤﺠ ﻥ
ﻲـﻓ ﻰﻤﺴﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻝ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻋﻭ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻝ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﺩﻤﺘﻌﻤ ﺭﻭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺍ ـﺒ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﺎﺴﻠﻝﺍ "
ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻕﻭﻓ ﺕﺍﺯﻴﻤﻤ paralinguistique
ﻕﻭﻁﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻼﻜﻠﻝ ﺔﻘﻓﺍﺭﻤﻝﺍ
...
ﻪﺠﻭﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻭ ﺓﺀﺎﻤﻹﺍﻭ ﺓﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍ لﺜﻤ
"
) (9
ﻙـﻝﺫ ،ﻕﻭﻁﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﺯﺍﻭﻤ ﺔﻐﻝ ﻲﻫﻭ
ﻔﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺏﺴﻜﺘ ﺹﺌﺎﺼﺨﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﺃ ﺍﺩﻋﺎـﺴﻤ ﻼﻤﺎـﻋ ﺭـﺒﺘﻌﺘﻭ ﺔﻴﺩﺭﺴ ﺔﻴﻜﻴﻤﺎﻨﻴﺩ ﻲﻬ
لـﺠﺃ ﻥـﻤ ﺔـﻴﻫﺎﻨﺘﻤ ﺔﻗﺩﺒ ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺙﺍﺩﺤﺃ ﺭﻴﻭﺼﺘﻭ لﻘﻨ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺘﻤﻬﻤ ﺡﺎﺠﻨ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻠﻝ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻩﺭﻴﻏ ﻊﻤ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺏﺎﻁﺨ
ﺏﻭﺘﻜﻤ ﻻﻭ ﻕﻭﻁﻨﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻴ
ﻰﻋﺩ ﺏﺎﻁﺨ ﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ .
ﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨ ـ ﺔﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺀﺍﺭﻗ ـ ﺩﺴﺠﻝ :
ﻤ لﻜ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺍﺩﺍﺩﺘﻤﺍ ﻪﻝ ﺎﻴﻠﺼﺍﻭﺘ ﺎﻘﺴﻨ ﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺒﺘﻌﻴ ﺱﻴـﻝ ﻪﻨﺃ ﻙﻝﺫ ،ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﺤﺎﻨ
ﻪـﻝ ﻙﺭـﺤﺘﻤ ﻥﺎـﻴﻜ ﻪﻨﻜﻝﻭ ﺓﺩﺤﺍﻭ ﺔﻘﺘﻭﺒ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻘﺘﺴﻴ ﺍﺩﻭﻤﺠ ﺱﻴﻝ لﺒ ،ﺔﻴﻠﻜ ﺔﻠﺘﻜ ﺩﺭﺠﻤ ﺏﺎﻁﺨ ﻲﺌﺎﻤﻴﺇ ﺹﺎﺨ ﻴ
ﻑﺭﻁ ﻥﻤ ﻙﻴﻜﻔﺘ لﺤﻤ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﺓﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﻤﺴ ﺕﺎﻤﻼﻋ ﻥﻋ ﻡﻨ
ﻪﻨﺃ ،لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﻻﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﺇ لﺠﺃ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨ
ﻭﺃ ﺕﺎـﺒﺎﻁﺨ ﺎـﻬﻨﻴﻨﺍﻭﻗ ﺎـﻬﻝ
ﻴﺃ ﺎﻫﺭﺍﺭﺴﺃﻭ ﺎﻬﻘﻁﻨﻤﻭ ﺎﻀ
. ﻙﺭﺩﻨﻭ ﻑﺭﻌﻨ ﺎﻬﺒ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﻬﻝﺍ ﻭﻫﻭ لﻌﻔﻠﻝ ﻡﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺃﺩﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﻨﺇ
ﺍﺭﺴ ﺭﺜﻜﻷﺍ ﺎﻨﺎﻴﺍﻭﻨ ﻥﻭﺨﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻬﺠﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫﻜ ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﻑﻨﺼﻨﻭ
"
ﻲـﻓ ﺢﻠﻨ ﻥﺃ ﺎﺒﻴﺭﻏ ﺱﻴﻝﻭ
ﻭ ﻪﻨﻋ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻨ
ﻩﺩـﺠ ﻲـﻓﻭ ،ﻪـﻠﻌﻓﻭ ﻪﻝﻭﻗ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻴﻝﺇ ﺕﺼﻨﻨﻭ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺕﺒﺭﻨﻭ ﻪﻝﺎﻤﺠﺒ ﻰﻨﻐﺘ
ﻁﺸﻨﻴﻭ ﻭﻔﻐﻴﻭ ﻭﺤﺼﻴ ﺙﻴﺤ ﻪﺒ ﻡﺘﻬﻨﻭ ﻪﺘﺎﻜﺭﺤﻭ ﻪﺘﺎﻨﻜﺴ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻝﺯﻫﻭ ﻲﺸﺘﻨﻴﻭ ﻡﻝﺄﺘﻴﻭ لﺴﻜﻴﻭ
ﻲﻬﺘﻨﻴﻭ لﺒﺫﻴﻭ
)«
(10
. ﺞﺘﻨﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻑﺸﻜﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﺔﻴﺎﻐﻝﺍ، ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺓﺀﺍﺭﻗ ﺩﺴﺠﻠﻝ ﻥﺇ
ﺕﻻﻻﺩﻝﺍﻭ ﻪﺘﻻﻻﺩ ﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺒ ﻲﻫ
ﻪﻴﻓ ﺔﻨﻤﺎﻜ ﺔﻴﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻁ )
ﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ . (
ﻱﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ لﺍﺩﻝﺍ :
ﺎـﻬﻌﻴﻤﺠ ﺫﻭـﻠﺘ ،ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﻕﺎﺴﻨﺃ ﻥﻤﻀ ﻕﺎﺸﻨﺃ ﻥﻤﻀ ﺍﺩﺭﻔﻨﻤ ﺎﻘﺴﻨ ﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ لﻜﺸﻴ
ﻋ ﺎﺜﺤﺒ ﻥﻭﻜﻝﺎﺒ لﻼـﺨ ﻥـﻤ ﻻﺇ ﻙﺭﺩﺘ ﻻ ﺀﺎﻴﺸﻷﺍ لﻜ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺍﺫﺈﻓ ، ﺔﻝﻻﺩ ﻥﻋﻭ ﻰﻨﻌﻤ ﻥ
ﺩﺍﺩﺘﻤﻻﺍ ﻲﻫﺎﻨﺘﻤﻼﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﺒ ﺎﻬﻁﺎﺒﺘﺭﺍ "
ﻪـﻁﺎﺒﺘﺭﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻀﻴﺃ ﻥﻜﻤﺘ ﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﻭﻨﻴﻜ ﻥﺈﻓ
ﺀﺎﻀﻔﻝﺍ ﻪﻨﺇ ﺀﺎﻀﻔﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺩﺠﻭﻴ ﻻ ﺎﻨﺩﺴﺠﻭ ،ﺎﻤ ﻥﻭﻜﺒ
"
) .(11
لﻤﺎﻜﺘﻤ لﺍﺩﻜ ﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ لﻜﺸﺘ ﻥﺇ
ﺘﻤﻻ ﺔﻠﺴﻠﺴ ﺩﻴﻝﻭﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺩﺎﻗﻭ ﻪﺘﺍﺫﺒ ﻑﺘﻜﻤﻭ ﻉﻭـﻨﺘ ﻥـﻤ ﺎـﻗﻼﻁﻨﺍ ﺕﻻﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻫﺎﻨ
ﻲـﻓ ﺎﻘﻴﻤﻋ ﺹﻭﻐﻝﺍﻭ ﺀﺎﻴﺸﻷﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻪﻝﺎﺼﻔﻨﺍ ﻭﺤﻨ ﺓﻭﻅﺤﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ،ﻪﺘﻨﻭﻨﻴﻜﻝ ﺔﻌﻨﺎﺼﻝﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻷﺍ ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ لﻘﺤﻝﺍ .
278
ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﻠﻤﻌﻝﺍ لﺨﺍﺩﺘ :
ﺔـﻴﺤﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﺎـﻨﻫ لـﻤﻌﻝﺎﺒ ﺩﺼﻘﻨﻭ ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍﻭ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻪﺘﻔﻴﻅﻭ ﻲﻓ ﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﺝﻭﺍﺯﻴ ﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻱﺃ ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﺯﻔﻝﺍ ﺓﺀﺍﺭـﻘﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﻭﻬﻓ ﻡﻋﻷﺍ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﺃ ﺔﻴﻠ
ﺴﻠﺴ ﺀﺎﻀﻔﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻠﻘﻨﺘ ﺭﺒﻋ ﻕﻠﺨ ﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺍﺫﺈﻓ ، ﻪﻝ ﺔﻴﻘﺴﻨﻝﺍ ﻠ
ﺔـﻴﺌﺎﻤﻴﻹﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺤﻭﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔ
ﺹﻭـﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻥـﻤ ﻥﻴﻋﻭـﻨ ﻰـﻝﺇ ﺩﻭﻌﺘ ﺕﺎﺤﺎﻴﺯﻨﻻﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻠﺴﻠﺴ ﻕﻠﺨﺘ ﺕﺍﺩﺤﻭﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﺈﻓ ﺔﻴﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ .
ﺔﻴﻌﻴﺒﻁ ﺹﻭﺼﻨ ـ "
ﻨﻝﺍ ﻕﻓﻭ ﻙﺭﺩﺘ ﻲﻫﻭ ﺹ
ﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻱﺃ ،ﻱﺩﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺭﺠﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺩﻭﻌ
،ﺔﻜﺭﺘﺸﻤﻝﺍ )
ﺏﺭﺸﻴ ﻪﻨﺇ ،لﻜﺄﻴ ﻪﻨﺇ ، ﻲﺸﻤﻴ ﻪﻨﺇ .(
ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜ ﺹﻭﺼﻨ ـ ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺎﺠﻭﺭﺨ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺒ ﻙﺭﺩﺘ :
ﻲﻠﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ لﻌﻔﻠﻝ ﺩﺩﺤﻤﻝ ﺍ
ﺔﻝﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻓﻭ
"
ﺎﻴﺯﻨﻻﺍ ﻥﺈﻓ ﺡ
ﺎـﻗﻼﻁﻨﺍ ﻡﺘﻴ لﺒ ، ﻲﺌﺍﺩﺘﺒﻻﺍ ﻊﻀﻭﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻗﻼﻁﻨﺍ ﻡﺘﻴ ﻻ
ﺕﺎﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ لﻜ ﺕﻤﺍﺩ ﺎﻤ ،ﻲﻠﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ لﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺓﺩﻝﻭﺘﻤ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ
ﻉﻭـﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺭـﺒﻋ ﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ ﻑﺭﻁ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺯﺠﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻅﻭﻔﻠﻤﻝﺍ لﻜﻓ ، ﺎﻬﻨﻴﻨﺍﻭﻗ ﻕﻓﻭ ﻙﺭﺩﺘﻭ ﻩﺫـﻫ ﻪـﻠﺨﺍﺩ ﺯـﺠﻨﺘ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﻕﺎﻴﺴﻠﻝ ﻕﺒﺴﻤ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻻﺇ ﻡﻬﻔﺘ ﻻ ،ﻲﺌﺎﻤﻴﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻤﻴﻹﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺤﻭﻝﺍ
"
) . (12
ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜ ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤﻝ ﺯﺎﺠﻨﺇ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﻊﻗﺍﻭ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻫ ﺔﻜﺭﺤ لﻜ ﻥﺇ ﺎﻋﻭﺭﺸﻤ لﻜﺸﺘ ﺎﻬﻨﺇ ،
ﺎـﻬﻨﻜﻝﻭ ،ﺔـﻠﻤﺎﻜﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺀﺍﺯﺠﻷﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻀﺎﻴﺒﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﺌﻴﻠﻤ ﺹﻭﺼﻨ ﻲﻫ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﻷ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﺀﻼﺘﻤﻻﺍ ﻲﺌﺍﺭﺠﻹﺍ ﺩﻌﺒﻝﺍ ﺙﻴﺤ ﻥﻤ لﺜﻤﺘ ﺃ
،ﻩﺭﻭﺼ ﻰﻬﺒ ﻙﻝﺫ
"
ﺃ ﻲـﻓ ﺩـﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﻥ
ﻊـﻗﻭ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﺵﻴـﻌﻴ ﻪـﻨﺇ ،ﻰـﻨﻌﻤ ﻙـﻠﻤﻴ ﻻ ﺔﻴﻤﺠﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺤﻭﻝﺎﺒ ﻪﻴﺒﺸ ﺕﻻﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ لﻌﺠﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﻤﻌﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﻥـﻤ ﺓﺭـﻴﺒﻜ ﺔﻠـﺴﻠﺴﻝ ﺎـﻌﺒﻨﻤ ﺓﺩـﺤﺍﻭ ﺓﺀﺎـﻤﻴﺇ ﻥـﻤ
ﺕﻼﻴﻭﺄﺘﻝﺍ
"
) (13
. ﻰـﻠﻋ ﺢﺘﻔﻨﻴ ﻼﻤﺎﻜﺘﻤ ﺎﺼﻨ ﺩﻝﻭﺘ ﺩﻗ ﺔﻴﻬﻔﺸﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻝﻭﺯﻌﻤ ﺔﻜﺭﺤ ﺔﻴﺃ ﻥﺇ ﺕﻻﺎﻤﻌﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﻼﺜﻤ ،لﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻰﻀﺘﻘﻤ ﻕﻓﻭ ﺔﻨﻴﻌﻤ ﺔﺴﺭﺎﻤﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻝﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎﻤﻴﻹﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﺴﻠﺴ
ﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋﻭ ،ﻊﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋﻭ ،ﺩﻴﺩﻬﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ لﺩﺘ ﻲﻬﻓ ﺩﻴﻠﻝ ﺔﻋﻭﻨﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺎـﻤﻜ ،ﺩﺭﻁﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋﻭ ،ﻕﺎﻨﻌ
ﻲﺴﻨﺠﻝﺍ لﻌﻔﻠﻝ ﺓﺯﻤﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ لﺩﺘ .
ﻥﻭـﻜﻴ ﻭﺃ ﺎﻤ ﺔﻜﺭﺤ ﻕﺎﻴﺴ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﻐﻨ ﺎﻤﺩﻨﻋﻭ
ﻡﺎﻬﺒﻹﺍﻭ ﺽﻭﻤﻐﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻊﻘﻨ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻪﻠﺨﺍﺩ ﺯﺠﻨﺘ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺎﺒ ﻼﻫﺎﺠ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺵﺩﺨﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻡﺎﻤﺃ ﻭﺃ "
ﺀﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ "
ﺔﻋﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻭﺒﺎﻁﻝ ﻕﺭﺨ ﻭﺃ .
279
ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻤ :
ﺩﺴﺠ ﺔﻜﺭﺤ ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻤ ﻥﺇ /
ﺎـﻤﻭ ﻪـﻴﻓ ﻙﺭﺤﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻭﻀﻌﻝﺍ ﻉﻭﻨﺘﺒ ﻉﻭﻨﺘﺘ ﻥﺌﺎﻜﻝﺍ ﻡﺴﺠ
ﻩﺅﺎـﻀﻋﺃﻭ ﻡﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﺴﻗﺃ ﺭﺒﻜﺃ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺱﺃﺭﻝﺎﻓ ،ﺭﺨﺁ ﻭﻀﻋ ﻪﻨﻋ ﺭﺒﻌﻴ ﻻ ﻭﻀﻋ ﻪﻨﻋ ﺭﺒﻌﻴ ﺔـﻠﻤﺠ ﻥـﻤ ﻭﻫ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﺘﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻕﻭﻔﺘ ﺔﻝﺍﺩ ﺔﻴﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﺇ ﺎﻬﻝ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺔﻌﻗﻭﻤﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺩﺠﻨﻓ ﻪﻴﻝﺇ ﻑﺎﻀﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﻹﺍ ﻥﺫﻷﺍ ﺔـﻜﺭﺤﻭ ،ﻑـﻨﻷﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻭ ،
، ﻥﻴﻜﻨﺤﻝﺍ ﻁﻴﻁﻤﺘﻭ ﻡﻔﻝﺍﻭ ﺩﺨﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺏﺭﺎﺸﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺤﻠﻝﺍﻭ ،ﻪﻠﻜ ﺱﺃﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻭ ...
ﻩﺫﻫﻭ ، ﺦﻝﺍ
ﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻱﺩﺅﺘ ﺩﻗ ﺀﺎﻀﻋﻷﺍ ﻤﻝ
ﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺀﺎﻀﻋﺃ ﻊﻤ ﻥﻭﺎﻌﺘﺘ ﺩﻗﻭ ﺓﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤ ﺔﻴﺤﻭ
ﺩـﻴﻝﺍ ﻥﻭـﻜﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺩﻋﺎـﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻭـﻀﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺏﻝﺎﻐﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺱﺃﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻭ ﻥﻴﻌﻝﺎﻜ ﺎﻬﺌﺍﺩﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺒ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻨﻭﻜﻤﻭ ﺔﻌﻴﺭـﺴ ﺔﻜﺭﺤ ﻲﻓ ﻭﺃ ﻱﺩﻭﻤﻋ ﻩﺎﺠﺘﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻁﻭﺴﺒﻤ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻤﻭﻤﻀﻤ ﻊﺒﺎﺼﻷﺎ
ﻡﺩـﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻝﻻﺩﻠﻝ ﻥﺫﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﺤﻨﻤ ﺩﻴﻝﺍ ﻊﻀﻭ ﻙﻝﺫ لﺎﺜﻤﻭ ،ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺔﻜﺭﺤ ﻊﻤ ﺔﻤﺠﺴﻨﻤ ﺕﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﻊﻓﺭ ﺏﻠﻁ ﻭﺃ ﺕﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺭﺩﺼﻤﻝ ﺩﻴﺠﻝﺍ ﻉﺎﻤﺴﻝﺍ .
ﺩﻨﻋ ﻕﺒﺴﻤ ﺭﻭﺼﺘ ﻪﻝ لﻌﻔﻝ ﺔﻴﻜﺎﺤﻤ ﺔﻴﻠﻴﺜﻤﺘ ﺔﻜﺭﺤ ﺏﻝﺎﻐﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﺫﻝﻭ ، ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺔـﻐﻠﻝﺎﺒ ﻥﻼﺼﺍﻭﺘﻴ ﻻ ﻥﻴﺘﻴﻭﻐﻝ ﻥﻴﺘﻘﻁﻨﻤ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻴﻠﺠﺭ ﺎﻨﺩﺠﻭ ﻥﺇ ﺏﺠﻌﻨ ﻻ ﻙﻝ
ﻥـﻋ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻜ ﺔﻁﻴﺴﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻁﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻘﻠﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻕﻴﺭﻁ ﻥﻋ ﻥﻼﺼﺍﻭﺘﻴ ﺎﻤﻬﻨﻜﻝﻭ ﺡﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻡﻝﻷﺍﻭ ﻉﻭﺠﻝﺍ ...
ﺦﻝﺍ .
ﺎﻬﺘﻔﻴﻅﻭﻭ ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﻨﻋ ﺔﻴﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ :
ﻲﻓ ﺀﺎﻀﻓ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺀﺎﻀﻓ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻋﻭﻝﺍ لﻘﻨﺘ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘ ﺓﺍﺩﺃ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺒ ﺔﻴﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﺇ ﺭﻭـﺼﻝﺍ ﺝﺍﺭﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﺩﻭﺩﺤ ﺯﻭﺎﺠﺘﺘ ﻻ ﻭ ﻱﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﺘﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﻡﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺜﻜﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﺘﺨﺘ ﺔﺤﻤﻝ ﺎـﻬﺤﻤﻼﻤﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻤﺴﻗ ﻑﺎﺸﺘﻜﺍﻭ ﺭﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇﻭ ،ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻫﺫ ﻥﻤ ﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺭﺎﺸﻹﺎﻓ ،ﻪﻨﻫﺫﺒ ﻲﻫﻭ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﺨ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺌﺎـﺴﻭﻝﺍ ﻥـﻤ ﺔﻠﻴـﺴﻭ ﺔﻴﺩـﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤ
ل
ﺏﺎـﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻨﺤـﺸ ﻕﻓﻭ ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﻪﻨﻭﺯﺨﻤ ﻲﻓ لﻭﺠﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻠﻝ ﺢﻤﺴﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺭﻜﺍﺫ ﻥﻤﺎﻜﻤ ﺭﺠﻔﺘﻝ "
ﻪﻌﻓﺩﺘﻭ ﻡﻬﻔﻠﻝ ﺔﻌﻴﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺎﺠﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻠﺌﺎﻫ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﺇ ﻪﺤﻨﻤﺘ ﺎﻬﻨﺇ
ﻙﻠﻬﺘـﺴﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻗﻭﻁﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﺩﺤ ﺯﻭﺎﺠﺘﻭ ﺭﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻀﺤﺘﺴﻻ ﺓﻭﻘﺒ ﺓﺭﻜﺍﺫﻝﺍ لﻴﻐﺸﺘﻝ ﺭﻀﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﺯﻝﺍ
"
) .(14
ﺓﺭـﻜﺍﺫ ﺎـﻨﻝ ﻪﺘﻅﻔﺤ ﺎﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﺴﺎﺴﺃ ﻲﻫﺎﻔﺸ ﺙﻭﺭﻭﻤﻜ ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﺘ ﻅـﻔﺤﻴ ﺎﻤ لﻘﻨ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺘﺭﺎﻬﻤﻭ ﻪﺘﺭﺩﻗﻭ ﻊﻤﺴ ﺎﻤ ﺭﻜﺫﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﻋﺍﺭﺒ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻱﺃ ،ﺔﻅﻔﺤﻝﺍ لـﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﺘﻴ ﻰﺘﺤ ﻪﺒ ﻁﻴﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻩﺎﺒﺘﻨﺍ ﺏﻠﺠﺘ ﺔﻗﻭﺸﻤ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁﺒ ﻩﺭﻴﻏ ﻰﻝﺇ
280
ﻋﺍﻭ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁﺒ لﺎﻴﺠﻷﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻥﺃ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺓﺩﺎﺠﻭ ﺔﻴ
"
ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺕﻠﻤﺘﻜﺍ ﺍﺫﺇ ﻻﺇ ﻡﺘﺘ ﻻ ﻍﻼﺒﺇ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ لﻜ
ﻲﻏﻼﺒﻹﺍ ﺯﺎﻬﺠﻠﻝ ﻥﻭﻜﻤﻝﺍ ﺙﻠﺜﻤﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻀﻋﺃ :
ﺔﻝﺎﺴﺭﻝﺍ ،ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ، ﺙﺎﺒﻝﺍ
"
) (15
ﻭ ﻱﻭﺍﺭـﻝﺍ ﻱﺃ
ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻭ ﻪﻝ ﻱﻭﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺍ .
ﺔـﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﺎـﻌﻤ لﺎـﺼﻴﺇﻭ ﻡﻬﻓ ﻲﻓ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﻪﺒﻌﻠﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ لﺎﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩﻠﻝ ﺍﺭﻅﻨﻭ ﺍﺭﺨ ﻭﺠ ﻕﻠﺨﻭ ،ﻊﻤﺘﺴﻤﻠﻝ ﻲـﻓ ﺍﺩﻴﻌﺒ ﻕﻠﺤﻴﻝ ﺱﻭﺴﺤﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻙﺭﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻕﻠﻁﻨﻴ ﻲﻓ
ﻑﻐـﺸﺒ ﺎﻬﺜﺍﺩﺤﺃ ﻊﺒﺎﺘﻴ ﻭ ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﻭﺠ ﻊﻤ ﺞﻤﺩﻨﻴ ﻊﻤﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ لﻌﺠﻴﻭ ،ﻕﻠﻁﻤﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﻡﻝﺎﻋ ﻥﻴﺩﻴﺩﺸ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍﻭ .
ﻭﺍﺭﻝﺎﻓ ﻱ ﺕﺍﺭﺎـﺒﻌﺒ ﻙـﻝﺫ ﻲﻓ ﻼﺴﻭﺘﻤ ﺎﻨﺎﻴﺤﺃ ﺡﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺏﻬﺴﻴﻭ ﻪﻨﺎﺴﻠﺒ ﻱﻭﺭﻴ
ﻌﻤ ﺔﺴﻠﺠ ﺭﺎﺘﺨﻴ ﻥﺄﻜ ﻩﺩﺴﺠﺒ ﻱﻭﺭﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﺓﺎﻘﺘﻨﻤ ﺕﺎﻤﻠﻜﻭ ﻥـﻤ ﺓﺍﻭﺭـﻝﺍ ﻥـﻤ ﻙﺎﻨﻬﻓ ، ﺔﻨﻴ
ﻥﻴﺒ ﺡﺭﺸﻴﻭ ﺓﺭﺴﻴﻭ ﺔﻨﻤﻴ ﺕﻔﻠﺘﻴ ﻲﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺀﺎﻨﺜﺃﻭ ﺔﻋﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻁﺴﻭ ﻲﻓ ﺱﻭﻠﺠﻝﺍ لﻀﻔﻴ ﻊﺒﺎـﺘﻴﻭ ،ﻡﻬﻴـﻠﻋ ﻪﺘﺎﻤﻠﻜ ﻊﻗﻭ ﺭﺜﺃ ﻡﻬﻫﻭﺠﻭ ﻲﻓ ﻊﺒﺎﺘﻴﻭ ، ﺀﻻﺅﻫﻭ ﺀﻻﺅﻬﻝ ﻥﻴﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﺩـﻋﺃ ﻊﻔﺘﺭﻤ ﻥﺎﻜﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺱﻭﻠﺠﻝﺍ لﻀﻔﻴ ﻥﻤ ﻙﺎﻨﻫﻭ ،ﻪﻌﻤ ﻡﻬﺒﻭﺎﺠﺘﻭ ﻡﻬﺘﺎﺴﻤﻫﻭ ﻡﻬﺘﺎﻜﺭﺤ ﺎﺠﻴ ﻪﻝ ﺎﺼﻴﺼﺨ ﻑﺼﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺫﻴﻤﻼﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﻠﻌﻤﻝﺍ لﺜﻤ ﺓﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤ ﺭﻭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻪﺒ
. ﻻ ﻥـﻤ ﻙﺎـﻨﻫﻭ
ﺔـﺴﻠﺠﻝﺍ ﻙـﻠﺘ ﻥﺎـﻜﻭ ﻥﻴﺘﺩﺎﺴﻭ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺊﻜﺘﻤ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺎﻬﺒ لﺜﻤﻴ ﻰﺼﻋ ﻩﺩﻴ ﻲﻓﻭ ﻻﺇ ﻱﻭﺭﻴ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺯﺠ ﺱﻭﻠﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁﻓ ﻪﻴﻠﻋﻭ ،ﺩﺍﺩﺠﻷﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺩﻴﻌﺒﻝﺍ ﻲﻀﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﺯﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻩﺩﻴﻌﺘ ﺓﺯﻴﻤﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﻝﺎﻘﺘ .
ﻪﺘﺍﺭﺎﺸﺇﻭ ﻪﺘﺎﻜﺭﺤﺒ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﻱﻭﺭﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻨﻓ ،
ﺴﺃﺭ ﻙﺭﺤﻴ ﻩﺍﺭ ﻪﻴﻠﺠﺭﻭ ﻩﺩﻴﻭ ﻪﻨﻴﻋﻭ ﻪ
ﻪـﻁﻴﺤﻤ ﻥـﻤ ﺕﻻﺁﻭ ﺕﺍﻭﺩﺄﺒ ﻥﻴﻌﺘﺴﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ ، ﺕﺎﻤﻠﻜﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒﺒ ﻪﻘﻁﻨ ﺩﻨﻋ ﻪﻫﺎﻔﺸﺒ ﻅﻤﻠﺘﻴﻭ ﺔﻴﺯﻤﺭﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺩﺼﺎﻘﻤ ﻕﻘﺤﻴ ﻥﺃ لﺠﺃ ﻥﻤ ﻙﻝﺫ لﻜ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺱﻠﺠﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ "
ﻡﻠﻜﺘـﻴ ﻭـﻬﻓ
ﻨﺭﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻪﻴﺒﺸﺘﻝﺍ لﺠﺃ ﻥﻤ ،ﻩﺅﺎﻴﺸﺃﻭ ﻩﺅﺎﻀﻋﺃﻭ ﻩﺩﺴﺠ ﻙﺭﺤﻴﻭ ﻙﺭﺤﺘﻴﻭ ﺔ
لﻴﻠﻌﺘﻭ ﺭﻴﺴﻔﺘﻝﺍﻭ
ﺍﻭﻤ ﻥـﻤ ﻊﻨـﺼﻴ ﺎـﻤﻜ ﺝﺭﺎﺨﻠﻝﻭ ﺝﺭﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻪﺼﻨ ﺢﺘﻔﻴ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺎﻓ ،ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻠﻝ ﻪﺼﻨ ﻑﻗ
ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺍﺀﺯﺠ ﻪﺘﺍﺫ ﺝﺭﺎﺨﻝﺍ
"
) (.16
ﻡﺨﻔﻴـﻓ ﺔﻴﺘﻭـﺼﻝﺍ ﻪـﺘﺍﺭﺒﻨ لﺎﻤﻌﺘﺴﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻋﺍﺩﺒﻹﺍ ﻪﺘﺎﻗﺎﻁ ﺎﻀﻴﺃ ﺭﻬﻅﺘﻭ ﺎـﻬﺒ ﺙﺩـﺤﺘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁﻝﺍ ﻕﻓﻭﻭ،ﻙﻝﺫﻝ ﻪﺘﺠﺎﺤ ﺏﺴﺤ ﻪﺘﻭﺼ ﺽﻔﺨﻴﻭ ﻊﻓﺭﻴﻭ ﻕﻗﺭﻴﻭ
ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻜﺤﻀﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﺕﻭـﺼ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺓﺩﺎﻌﻓ ،ﺔﹼﻨﻏ ﻪﺒ ﺕﻭﺼﺒ ﺙﺩﺤﺘﻴ ﻥﺄﻜ،
ﻙـﻝﺫ ﺯﺯـﻌﻴﻭ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﻴﺨﻤ ﻪﺘﻭﺼﺒ ﺭﻴﺜﻴﻓ ﺭﻭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻩﺎﺒﺘﻨﺍ ﺏﻠﺠﻝ لﺒﺴﻝﺍ لﻭﺃ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﻡﻝﺎﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺤﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﺘﻤ ﺵﻴﻌﻴ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ لﻌﺠﺘ ﺓﺩﻭﺼﻘﻤ ﺕﺎﻜﺭﺤﺒ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻭﺩ
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لﻔﻐﻨ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻪﻠﻋﺎﻔﺘ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻜﻭ ﺔﻴﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻌﺒﺃﻭ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺢﻤﻼﻤﻭ ﺔﺌﻴﻫ ﺍﺫـﻜﻭ ﻲﺌﺎـﻜﺤﻝﺍ
ﻥـﻋ ﺭـﻴﺒﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺃ ﻥﺈﻓ ﺙﺍﺩﺤﻸﻝ ﺡﺭﺴﻤﻜ ﻪﻬﺠﻭ ﺕﺎﻤﺴﻗ ﻭﺩﺒﺘﻓ ،ﺎﻤﻬﻌﻤ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ لﻋﺎﻔﺘ ﺏـﹼﻁﻗﻭ ﺱﺒﻋ ﻥﺇﻭ ،ﻉﺎﻨﺘﻗﻻﺍﻭ ﻰﻀﺭﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻤﻼﻋ ﻪﻬﺠﻭ ﺭﻴﺭﺎﺴﺃ ﻁﺴﺒﻨﺘ ﺡﺭﻔﻤ ﺙﺩﺤ ﻥﻭـﻜﺘ ﺎﻤﺩـﻨﻋ ﺓﺭـﻴﺜﻜ ﺎﻨﺎﻴﺤﺃﻭ ،ﺭﺎﺴ ﺭﻴﻏﻭ ﻡﻴﻝﺃ ﻥﺯﺤﻤ ﺙﺩﺤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻝﻻﺩ ﻙﻝﺫﻓ ﻪﻴﺒﺠﺎﺤ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ لﺼﻴﻭ ﺔﻴﻠﺴﻤ ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺙﺍﺩﺤﺃ ﻙﺤﻀﻝﺎﺒ ﺭﺠﻔﻨﻴ ﻪﻨﺈﻓ ﺔﻜﺤﻀﻤ ﻑﻗﺍﻭﻤ ﺩﻭﺩﺤ ﺩﻨﻋ
ﻥﻋ ﺯﺠﻌﻴﻭ ﻙﺤﻀﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﻭﻨ ﻪﺒﻝﺎﻐﺘ ﻡﻼﻜﻝﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺃ ﺎﻤﻠﻜﻭ ،ﻪﻨﻋ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺩﻬﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﻔﺼﻭ لﺒﻗ ﺔـﻓﺭﻌﻤ ﻥﻭﺩ ﻙﺤـﻀﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻩﺩﻴﻠﻘﺘﻭ ﻪﺘﺍﺭﺎﺠﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻊﻤﺘﺴﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﻊﻓﺩﻴ ﺎﻤﻤ ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺼﺍﻭﻤ ﻤﻝ ﺎﻔﻐﺸ ﺩﺍﺩﺯﻴﻭ ﻪﻤﺴﻼﻁ ﻙﻔﻝ ﻑﻬﻠﺘﻴﻓ ﻼﻌﻓ ﻙﺤﻀﻤ ﺙﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻊﻗﻭﺘﻴ ﻪﻨﻷ ﺏﺒﺴﻝﺍ ﺔـﻌﺒﺎﺘ
ﺙﺍﺩﺤﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﻘﺒ .
ﺔﻅﺤﻠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﺘﺨﻴ ،ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻠﻝ ﻪﺘﻌﺒﺎﺘﻤﻭ ﻪﻝ ﺭﻭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺎﺠﺘﺴﺍ ﻯﺩﻤ ﻥﻤ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﻜﺄﺘﻴﻝﻭ ﺎـﻬﺘﻭﺭﺫ لـﺼﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺙﺍﺩﺤﻷﺍ ﺩﻋﺎﺼﺘﺘﻭ ﺭﻭﻤﻷﺍ ﻡﺯﺄﺘﺘ ﺙﻴﺤ ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﺴﺎﺤﻝﺍ لـﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤﻝ ﺱﺎﻔﻨﻷﺍ ﻕﺤﻼﺘﺘﻭ ﻕﺍﺩﺤﻷﺍ ﻊﺴﺘﺘﻭ ﻕﺎﻨﻋﻷﺍ لﻭﺎﻁﺘﺘﻭ ﺱﻭﺅﺭﻝﺍ ﺏﺌﺭﺸﺘﻓ ﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺕﻤﺼﻴ ﻁﻘﻓ ﺎﻫﺩﻨﻋ ﺱﻔﻨـﺒ ـ ﺩـﻐﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺙﺍﺩﺤﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﻘﺒ ﺊﺠﺭﻴﻭ ﺏﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻋﺩﻴﻭ ﻱ
ﻲﻓ ﺭﺎﻴﺭﻬﺸ ﻊﻤ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﺤﺴﻭ ﻲﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻁﻠﺴ ﺩﺍﺯﺭﻬﺸ ﺎﻬﺒ ﺱﺭﺎﻤﺘ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻌﻤﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ لﺄﺴﻴﻝ ﻑﻗﻭﺘﻴ ﻭﺃ ـ ﺔﻠﻴﻝﻭ ﺔﻠﻴﻝ ﻑﻝﺃ ﺕﺎﻴﺎﻜﺤ :
ﻊـﻴﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻪـﺒﻴﺠﻴﻓ ؟ﻡﺘـﺒﻌﺘ لﻫ
ﺩـﺤﺍﻭ ﺕﻭﺼﺒﻭ ﻲﻔﻨﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻝﻻﺩ ﻡﻬﺴﻭﺅﺭ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺩﺤﺍﻭ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﺒ :
ﺠﺭﺘﻴ ﻡـﺜ ،ﻻ ﻥﺃ ﻪـﻨﻭ
ﺙﺍﺩﺤﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﻘﺒ لﺼﺍﻭﻴ .
ﻱﺫـﻝﺍ ﺙﺩﺤﻝﺎﺒ ﻩﺭﻜﺫﻴ لﻜﻝﺍ ﺩﺠﻴﻓ ، ﻑﻗﻭﺘ ﻥﻴﺃ ﻲﺴﻨ ﻪﻨﺄﺒ ﺭﻫﺎﻅﺘﻴ ﺓﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﺎﻨﺎﻴﺤﺃﻭ ﺏﻫﺫـﻴ ﻡـﻝ ﻩﺩﻭﻬﺠﻤ ﻥﻷ ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻨﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﻝ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺡﺎﺘﺭﻴ ﻁﻘﻓ ﺔﻅﺤﻠﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﻲﻓ ،ﻩﺩﻨﻋ ﻑﻗﻭﺘ ﻥﺃﻭ ﻪـﺴﻠﺠﻤﺒ ﻊﺘﻤﺘﺴﺘﻭ ﻪﺘﻤﻴﻗ ﺭﺩﻘﺘ ﺔﻴﻋﺍﻭ ﺎﻨﺎﻫﺫﺃﻭ ﺔﻴﻏﺎﺼ ﺎﻨﺍﺫﺃ ﺩﺠﻭ ﺩﻗﻭ ،ﺍﺭﻭﺜﻨﻤ ﺍﺀﺎﺒﻫ ﻗ ﻪﺘﻴﺎﻜﺤ ﻪﻠﻤﻌﺘﺴﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺏﻭﻠﺴﻷﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ ،ﻩﺭﻭﻬﻤﺠ ﺏﻭﻠﻗﻭ ﺱﻭﻔﻨ ﻲﻓ ﻯﺩﺼ ﺕﺩﺠﻭ ﺩ ،ﺭﻭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﺎﻤﺘﺴﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺯﻴﻤﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﻘﻴﺭﻁ ﻥﻋ ﻑﺸﻜﻴ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻤﻠﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻪﺠﺯﻤﺒ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺔـﻜﺭﺤﻝﺎﺒ ﻪـﻝﻭﻗ ﺩﻴﺭﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺘﺭﺩﻗﻭ ﻪﺘﻋﺍﺭﺒﻭ ﻪﺌﺎﻜﺫﻭ ﺩﺭﻔﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﺒﻭﻠﺴﺃ ﺢﻀﻭﻴﻭ ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺎﻓ ﺓﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍﻭ "
ﺒﻝﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ لﺜﻤﺘﻴ ﻡﺜ ﺔﻔﺜﻜﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﻗﻼﻌﺒ ﺔﻴﺠﺭﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﻨﻁﺎ
ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺎﺒ ﺎﻬﻴﻜﺤﻴ ﻭﺃ ﺎﻬﻝ ﺯﻤﺭﻴ
"
) (17
.
ﻲـﻓ ﻑﻼﺘـﺨﻻﺍﻭ ﻥﻴﺎﺒﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ ﺓﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺎﻅﻭﺤﻠﻤ ﺎﻨﻴﺎﺒﺘ ﺩﺠﻭﻴ ﻪﻨﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﻴﺸﻨﻭ ،ﺎﻬﻤﻴﺩﻘﺘ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻜﻤﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻭﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺯﻏﻭ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﻴﺼﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻝﺫﻜﻭ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁ
282
ﺭﺎﻜﻓﻷﺍ لﻴﺼﻭﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻬﺘﺍﺭﺩﻗ ﺙﻴﺤ ﻥﻤ ﻱﺃ ﺀﺍﻭﺴ ﻰﻘﺘﻠﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻫﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘﻭ ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺜﺒﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ
ﻡﻬﻨﺃ ﻱﺃ ﺓﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍﻭ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻕﻴﺭﻁ ﻥﻋ ﺔﻋﺎﻤﺠ ﻡﺃ ﺍﺩﺭﻓ ﻥﺎﻜﺃ "
ﺔـﻴﻨﻓ ﺔـﺒﻫﻭﻤﺒ ﻥﻭﻌﺘﻤﺘﻴ
ﺕﺎﺠﺭﺩﺒ ﻥﻜﻝﻭ ﻥﺯﺨﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺩﺎﻗ ﺢﺘﻔﺘﻤ ﻥﻫﺫﻭ ﺔﻘﺌﺎﻓ ﺔﻴﻤﻼﻜﻭ
"
) .(18
ﻲـﻓ ﺎﻴـﺴﺎﺴﺃ ﺍﺭﺎﻴﻌﻤ ﺭﺒﺘﻌﻴ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍﻭ ﻥﻴﺯﺨﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻭﺎﻔﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﺃ ﻅﺤﻼﻤﻝﺍﻭ
ﻴﻨﺼﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺼﻴ ﺙﻴﺤ ﻑ
ﻨ ،ﻥﻴﻓﺭـﺘﺤﻤ ﺓﺍﻭﺭﻭ ﻥﻴﻓﺭـﺘﺤﻤ ﺭـﻴﻏ ﺓﺍﻭﺭ ﻰـﻝﺇ ﺓﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻑ
ﺔـﻴﺌﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻁﺒﺭﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻰﻌﺴﻴ ﺀﺎﻤﻴﻹﺍ ﻉﺭﺎﺒ ﻭﺍﺭ ﻭﻫ ﻑﺭﺘﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﺃ ﺙـﻴﺤ ،ﻡﻬﺘﺎـﻘﺒﻁ ﺕﺩﺩـﻌﺘﻭ ﻡﻫﺭﺎﻤﻋﺃ ﺕﻔﻠﺘﺨﺍﻭ ﻡﻬﺘﻓﺎﻘﺜ ﺕﻨﻴﺎﺒﺘ ﺎﻤﻬﻤ ﻥﻴﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒﻭ ﺘﻭ ﺵﻴـﻌﺘ ﻪﻝﺎﻴﺨ ﻲﻓﻭ ﺭﻭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﺱﻔﻨ لﺨﺍﺩ ﻙﺭﺤﺘﺘ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﺭﻭـﺜﺘﻭ ﺩﺭـﻤﺘ
ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨﻭ ﻥﻫﺫ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺓﺭﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺏﺭﻘﻴ ﺔﻴﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻜﺭﺤﺒﻭ .
ﻪـﺘﺎﻴﻔﻠﺨﻭ ﺏﺎـﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻎـﻴﻠﺒﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﻬﻤ ﺍﺭﻭﺩ ﺏﻌﻠﺘ ﺔﻴﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺎﻓ ﺎﻨﻫ ﻥﻤﻭ ﻲﻓ ﻊﻀﻭﻤﺘﺘ ﻲﻫﻭ ،ﺎﻔﻨﺁ ﺎﻨﺭﻜﺫ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺕﻻﺎﻌﻔﻨﺍﻭ ﺢﻤﻼﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﺒﺤﺎﺼﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻊﻤ ﻪﺒ ﺔﻁﺒﺘﺭﻤﻝﺍ
ﻬﻠﻐﺘﺴﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻴﺒﻝﺍ لﺌﺎﺴﻭﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﻭﺩﻷﺍ ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤ ﺩﺭـﺴﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎـﺤﻴﺇ ﺏﻨﺎﺠ ﻰﻝﺈﻓ ،ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺎ
ﻲـﻓ ﻱﻭـﺴﻴﻭ ﻕﺭﺎﻔﻝﺍ ﺢﻴﺯﻴﻝ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﻪﻠﻐﺘﺴﻴ ﺎﺒﺎﻁﺨ ﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻝ ﻲﺘﺄﺘ ﻩﺭﺤﺴﻭ ﻩﺅﺍﻭﺠﺃﻭ ﺓﺭﺒﺨﻝﺍ ﻱﻭﺫ ﺎﻬﺒ ﺯﻤﻐﻴ ﻥﻴﺤ ﺔﻴﺭﻭﺭﻀ ﺔﻗﻭﻁﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﺩﻗﻭ ،ﻡﻬﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﺠﺭﺩ ﺎﻤﻭﻤﻋ ﺓﺃﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺱﻨﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻤﺄﺒ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﺘ ﺎﻤﺩﻨﻋ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ .
ﺒﻋ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺩﺼﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺎﻓ ﻕﻔﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻉﺎﻀﻭﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﻥﻋ ﺓﺭﺎ
ﹼﻻﺇ ﻭ ﻊﻴﻤﺠﻠﻝ ﺔﻓﻭﺭﻌﻤ ﻲﻫﻭ ،ﻪﺘﻐﻝﻭ ﻁﻴﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜ ﻲﻓ لﺨﺩﺘ ﺔﻜﺭﺤ ﺎﻬﻨﻷ ﺎﻴﺌﺎﻘﻠﺘ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻥﻴﺫﻝﺍ ﺹﺎﺨﺸﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺯﻤﺭ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﺎﻤ ﺎﺒﻝﺎﻏﻭ ،لﻋﺎﻔﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﺭﹼﺫﻌﺘ ﺹﺎﺨﺸﻸﻝ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻝﺎﺒ ﺏﻭﺎﺠﺘﻝﺍ ﺙﺩﺤﻴ ﻻ ﺎﻤﺩﻨﻋ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺩﺤﺍﻭ ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﺍ ﻊﻀﻭ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻥﻭﻤﺘﻨﻴ ﺎﺨ ﺎﻨﻫ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﺈﻓ ﻪﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻭ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜ ﺝﺭ ﻴ
لﻘ ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻨ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ ،ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﺎﻐﺘﻝﺍ
لﺒﻗ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻴﻝﺇ ﺎﻨﺭﺎﺸﺃ .
ﺯﻭﻤﺭﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺄﺠﻠﻴ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺩﻴﻜﻷﺍ ﺀﻲﺸﻝﺍﻭ ﺎﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﺍ ﺎﻬﺒ ﻑﺭﺘﻌﻤﻝﺍ
ﻰﻝﺇ ﺄﺠﻠﻴ ﻪﻨﺈﻓ ﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻝ ﺏﺎﻁﺨ لﻭﺼﻭ ﺭﺫﻌﺘ ﺍﺫﺇ ﻻﺇ ﺏﻠﻏﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺎﻜﺘﺒﻻﺍ لﻭﺎﺤﻴ ﻻﻭ ﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ لﻜﺸ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻴﻴﻐﺘ ﺙﺍﺩﺤﺇ ﻙﺎﻨﻫ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻰﺘﺤ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺢﻤﻼﻤﻭ ﻰﺸﺎﻤﺘﻴ ﺎﻤﺒ ﺎﻬﺘﺒﺫﺒﺫﻭ ﺔ
ﺭﻭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺍﻭ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺩﻗ .
ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﻌﻴﻭ ﻡﻬﺘﺎﺠﺎﺤﻭ ﺭﻭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﻏﺭ ﻙﺍﺭﺩﺇ ﺔﻋﺭﺴﺒ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺯﺎﺘﻤﻴﻭ ﻠﻋ ﺔﻝﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍﻭ ﻰ
ﻫ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺌﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﻭ
ﻭ ﺎﻫﺩﺩﺼﺒ ﻲﻐﻠﺘ ﺔﻴﺩﻀ ﺔﻐﻝ ﻪﺘﻜﺭﺤ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﹼﻻﺇ
ﻼﺜﻤﻤ ﺢﺒﺼﻴ ﺍﺫﻬﺒ ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﹴﻭﺍﺭﻜ ﻪﺘﻔﻴﻅﻭ ﺎﻬﻤﻫﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ لﻴﺜﻤﺘﻝﺍ ﺹﺌﺎﺼﺨ ﻕﺩﺃ ﺱﺭﺎﻤﻴ
283
ﺕﺍﻭﺼﺃﻭ ﺢﻤﻼﻤﻭ ﺕﻻﺎﻌﻔﻨﺇ ﻥﻤ ﻪﺒﺤﺎﺼﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻊﻤ ﺔﻴﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ .
ﻭ ﺎﻨﻫ ﻥﻤ ﻓ ﺓﺭﻜﻓ ﻥﺈ
ﺒ ﺔﻠﺼ ﻰﻠﻋﻭ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ لﺠﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺩﺭﺍﻭ لﻴﺜﻤﺘﻝﺍ ﻤ
ﻥﻭﺯﺨﻤ ﻥﻤ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﻯﺩﻝ ﺎ ﺍ
ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠ
لﻤﺎﺸ ﻱﺭﺎﻀﺤﻭ ﻉﺎﻁﺘﺴﺍ
ﻭﺃ ﻕﻴﺭﻁﺒ ﻪﺒﺴﻜﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺒ
ﻭﺃ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺯﻓﺎﺤ ﻥﺈﻓ ﻙﻝﺫﻝﻭ ،ﺭﺨﺂ
ﺓﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻝﺍ لﺌﺎﺴﻭ ﻥﻤ ﻩﺭﻴﻐﻝ ﺀﺎﺼﻗﺇ ﺭﺜﻜﺃﻭ ﻯﻭﻗﺃ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﺎﻨﺎﻴﺤﺃ
ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ . ﻭﺃ ﻲﺤﺭﺴﻤﻝﺍ لﺜﻤﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤ ﻪﺒﺸﺘ ﻻ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﻴﺸﻨﻭ ﻲﺌﺎﻤﻨﻴﺴﻝﺍ
ﻥﻭﻋﺩﺒﻤ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻡﻬﺴﺃ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﻭﺘﺒﻭ ﺹﻨﺒ ﺩﻴﻘﺘﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﺭﺨﺁ
ﺏﺠﻴ ﺔﻴﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﻜﺭﺤ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻭﺭﻴ
ﺎﻴﺅﺭ ﺓﺩﻴﻝﻭ ﻲﻬﻓ ﻙﻝﺫﺒﻭ ﺔﻨﻴﻌﻤ ﻉﺎﻀﻭﻷ ﺎﻬﻋﺎﻀﺨﺇ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺔﻘﺒﺎﺴ
. ﻻﻭ ﻉﺍﻭﻨﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤ ﻰﻔﺨﻴ
ﻭﺤﻨ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻕﻠﻁﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺜﺄﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﺤﻝﺍ لﺎﻌﻔﻨﻹﺍﻭ ﺔﻬﻴﺩﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﺓﺭﻜﺍﺫﻠﻝ ﺩﻴﻴﻘﺘ ﻥﻤ ﻲﺤﺭﺴﻤﻝﺍ لﻴﺜﻤﺘﻝﺍ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﻕﻠﻁﻨﻴ ﺎﻤﻨﻴﺒ لﺜﻤﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ ﻥﻋ ﺔﻴﺠﺭﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺍﺭﻺﻝ ﺎﻌﺒﺘ ،ﺱﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﻤﺠ ﻑﻝﺎﺨﻴ ﻨﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻀﺘﻘﻴ ﺎﻤﺒ ﻻﺇ ﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘ ﻱﺃ ﻥﻋ ﺍﺩﻴﻌﺒ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﻹﺍﻭ ﺓﺩﺍﺭﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﺤ ﻥﻤ ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻪﺒﻠﻁﺘﻴﻭ ﺹ
ﺔﻴﺒﻠﺴ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻌﻔﻨﺇﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨ ﺕﻻﺎﺤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺽﺭﻌﺘﻴ ﺩﻘﻓ ،ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻪﻓﻭﺭﻅﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﻝﺎﺤﻝ ﺎﻘﻓﻭ ﺍﺩﻏ ﺏﻴﻐﺘﻭ ﺕﺎﻜﺭﺤ ﻡﻭﻴﻝﺍ ﻩﺭﻀﺤﺘ ﺩﻗﻭ ﺔﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺠﺎﺤ ﻲﺒﻠﺘﻝ ﺩﻝﻭﺘﺘ ﺔﻜﺭﺤ ﺔﻴﻫﺎﻔﺸﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﺈﻓ ﻙﻝﺫﻝ ،ﻪﻤﺎﺠﺴﻨﺍﻭ ﺁ
ﺔﻴﻨ
ﺎﻬﻝ ﺱﻴﻝ ﺔﻴﺘﺍﺫ ﺍ
ﻲﻓ ﺩﺍﺩﺘﻤ لﻜ لﺍﻭﺤﻷﺍ ﺩﻴﻌﺒﻝﺍ لﺒﻘﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻲﻀﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ .
ﺔﻴﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻉﺍﻭﻨﺃ :
ـ1 ﺔﻜﺭﺤ ﻻ ﺔﻴﺩﺍﺭﺇ ﺎﻴﺎﻨﺜ ﻲﻓ لﻁﻴﻝ ﺫﻓﺍﻭﻨ ﺢﺘﻔﻴﻓ ﻁﺸﻨﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﻋﻭﻼﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺭﺩﺼﺘ ﻲﻫﻭ :
ﻯﻭﻫ ﻑﺩﺎﺼﺘ ﻲﻬﻓ ﻙﻝﺫﻝﻭ ﺎﻬﻠﻜ ﺔﻋﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻋﻭﻻ ﻲﻓ ﻥﺎﻜﻤ ﺎﻬﻝ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺸﺇ ﺢﻨﻤﻴﻓ ﺽﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻋﺍﺩﺘﺘ ﺔﻤﺜ ﻥﻤﻭ ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﻥﻭﻔﺸﻜﻴ ﺕﻻﻻﺩ ﻱﺩﺅﺘﻭ ﻡﻬﺴﻭﻔﻨ ﻲﻓ ﻑﻴﻀﺘﻓ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺭﻜﺫ ﻰ
ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﻥﻴﻤﺎﻀﻤ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻤﺎﻀﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ .
ـ2 ﺓﺩﻭﺼﻘﻤ ﺔﻜﺭﺤ ﺓﺭﺎﺒﻋ ﺢﻴﻀﻭﺘﻝ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺩﻴﻜﺄﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺎﻬﺜﺍﺩﺤﺇ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﺼﻘﻴ ﺔﻜﺭﺤ ﻲﻫﻭ :
ﻭﺃ ﺍ ﺩﻴﺭﻴﻭ ﺎﻤ ﺓﺭﻜﻓ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝ
لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻩﺎﺒﺘﻨﻹﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺱﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﻊﻓﺩﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ
ﻥﻭﻤﻀﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﻓ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻜﻓﺃ ﺕﺘﺸﺘﺘ ﻼﺌﻝ ﺔﻴﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻪﻀﺭﻋ ﺩﺩﺼﺒ ﻭﻫ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ
.
ﻪﻝ ﻱﻭﺭﻤﻝﺍ :
ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻠﻝ ﺩﻴﻜﺄﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﺎﻨﺩﻭﻘﻴ ﻲﻜﺤﻝﺍ لﻌﻓﻭ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﺇ
ﺙﻴﺤ ﻲﻫﺎﻔﺸﻝﺍ ﻱﻭﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﻴﺤﻭ ﺔﻴﻜﻴﻤﺎﻨﻴﺩ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻴﺴﺎﺴﺃ ﺍﺀﺯﺠ ﺭﺒﺘﻌﻴ »
لﻜﺸﻴ
ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ) ﻪﻝ ﻱﻭﺭﻤﻝﺍ -
ﻪﻴﻝﺇ لﺴﺭﻤﻝﺍ (
ﻲﻠﺒﻘﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻠﻝ ﺭﺨﻵﺍ ﻪﺠﻭﻝﺍ –
ﺎﻤﻝﺍ
284
لﺒﻗ - ﺃ ﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻭ ﻯ
ﻱﺩﻌﺒﻝﺍ – ﺩﻌﺒ ﺎﻤﻝﺍ - ﺙﻴﺤ ﻥﻤ ﺽﻌﺒﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﻬﻀﻌﺒ ﻥﻼﻤﻜﻴ ﺙﻴﺤ
ﺙﺒﻝﺍ لﻌﻔﻝ ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺡﺭﻁﻝﺍ ﻭ
ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻝﺍ
)«
(.19
ﻻ ﺭﻭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺎﻓ ﺔﻴﺒﺎﺠﻴﻹﺎﺒ ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﻝ ﺹﻘﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻬﻤﺠ ﻲﻘﻠﺘ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺯﻴﻤﺘﺘﻭ ﺎﺒ ﻲﻔﺘﻜﻴ ﻻ لﻜ ﻊﻤ لﻋﺎﻔﺘﻴ ﻩﺩﺠﻨ لﺒ ﻁﻘﻓ ﻉﺎﻤﺘﺴ ﺙﺍﺩﺤﻷﺍ
ﺏﻠﻁ ﻲﻓ ﺢﻠﻴ ﻩﺩﺠﻨ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺭﻴﺜﻜﻭ ،
ﺒ ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤ ﻉﺎﻤﺴ ﻪﺘﻴﺴﻔﻨ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﺒﻴﺭﻗ ﺱﻴﺴﺎﺤﺃﻭ ﻑﻗﺍﻭﻤ ﻥﻋ ﺭﺒﻌﺘ ﺎﻬﻨﺃ ﻙﻝﺫ ،ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﻥﻤ ﻻﺩ
ﻲﻓ ﺞﻤﺩﻨﻴﻭ ﻥﻴﺩﻴﺩﺸ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﺇﻭ ﻑﻐﺸ ﻲﻓ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻠﻁﺘﻴﻓ ،ﺎﻫﺭﻴﻏ ﻥﻤ ﺙﺍﺩﺤﺃ
ﻋ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻪﺸﻴﻌﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﻌﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ لﻘﺘﻨﻴ ﻪﻨﺃ ﻰﺘﺤ ﺎﻴﻠﻜ ﺎﺠﺎﻤﺩﻨﺇ ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﻭ
ﺔﻴﺭﻭﻁﺴﺃ ﻡﻝﺍ
ﺠ ﻪﻝ ﺎﻬﻘﻠﺨﻴ ﻙﺍﺭﺩﻹﺍﻭ ﺱﺤﻝﺍ ﻕﻁﻨﻤ ﻥﻋ ﺓﺩﻴﻌﺒ ﺭﺒﻋ ﻲﻔﻁﺎﻋ ﺩﺎﺤﺘﺇ ﺙﺩﺤﻴﻓ ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﻭ
ﻰﻠﺠﺘﻴﻭ ﺱﺎﻤﺤﺒ ﻰﻘﻠﺘﻴﻭ ﻪﺘﺭﻜﺍﺫ ﻲﻓ ﻥﺯﺨﻴﻭ ﻊﻤﺴﻴ ﻩﺍﺭﻨﻭ ﻡﻠﺤﻝﺎﺒ ﻪﻴﺒﺸ ﻥﺎﻜﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﺎﻤﺯﻝﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺕﺎﻤﺴ
ﻥﻭﻠﻋﺎﻔﺘﻴﻭ ﻥﻭﻠﻌﻔﻨﻴﻓ ،ﻲﻜﺤﻝﺍ لﻌﻓ ﺔﺴﺭﺎﻤﻤ ﺀﺎﻨﺜﺃ ﻥﻴﻌﻤﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﻭﺠﻭ
ﺏﺴﺤ ﻁﺒﻬﺘﻭ ﻭﻠﻌﺘ ﻡﻬﺴﺎﻔﻨﺃﻭ ﺭﻴﻐﺘﺘ ﻡﻬﺤﻤﻼﻤ ﻯﺭﻨﻓ ﻙﻝﺫﻜ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﻭ ﻯﻭﺭﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻊﻤ ﺭﺘﻭﺘ ﻰﺴﻷﺍﻭ ﻥﺯﺤﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﻭﺴﻜﻴﻭ ﻡﻬﺠﺘﺘ ﻡﻬﻫﻭﺠﻭ ﻯﺭﻨ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺭﻴﺜﻜﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻭﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻁﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻁﻭﻴﺨ ﻡﻫﺭﻴﺭﺎﺴﺃ لﻠﻬﺘﺘﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻤﺎﺴ ﺔﻴﻗﻼﺨﺃ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﻡﻬﻝ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻝﺎﺒ لﺜﻤﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ لﻁﺒﻝﺍ ﻊﻀﻭ ﻡﺯﺄﺘﻴ ﺎﻤﻨﻴﺤ ﺏﺤﺴ ﻊﺸﻘﻨﺘﻭ ﻑﻗﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻜﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﺴﺤﻴﻭ ﻕﺯﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ لﻁﺒﻝﺍ ﻭﺠﻨﻴ ﺎﻤﻨﻴﺤ ﻁﺴﺒﻨﺘﻭ ﻡﻬﺘﺎﻴﺤ ﺀﺎﻤﺴ ﻥﻤ لﻜﺎﺸﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻕﻴﻀﻝﺍ .
ﺘ ﺩﺎﻜﺘﻭ ﺱﻔﻨ ﻡﻬﺘﺍﺀﺎﻤﻴﺇﻭ ﻡﻬﺘﺍﺭﺎﺸﺇﻭ ﻡﻬﺘﺎﻜﺭﺤ ﻥﻭﻜ
ﻪﺴﺎﺴﺤﺇ ﻕﻤﻋ ﺱﻜﻋ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻰﻌﺴﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺸﺇﻭ ﺕﺍﺀﺎﻤﻴﺇﻭ ﺕﺎﻜﺭﺤ ﺙﺍﺩﺤﻷﺎﺒ
ﺔﻴﻭﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺎﺒ ﻩﺭﺜﺄﺘﻭ .
ﻲﻓ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﻭﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁ ﻥﺃ لﻭﻘﻨ ﻪﻴﻠﻋﻭ
ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻪﻠﻋﺎﻔﺘﻭ ﺔﻴﻠﻜ ﻪﻤﺎﺠﺴﻨﺍﻭ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺎﺒﺘﻨﺇ ﺏﻠﺠ لﺠﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻌﻤ ﻥﺍﺭﻓﺎﻀﺘﺘ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭ
ﻥﺃ ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﻋﺎﻁﺘﺴﺍ ﺎﻤﻝ ﻪﻝ ﻱﻭﺭﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ لﺒﻗ ﻥﻤ لﻋﺎﻔﺘﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻻﻭﻝﻭ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺀﺎﻤﺘﻨﻹﺍﻭ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻐﺒ ﺭﺨﻵ ﺹﻗ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﻝﺎﻘﺘﻨﺇﻭ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺸﺘﻨﺇﻭ ﺎﻫﺩﻭﻠﺨ ﻥﻤﻀﺘ ﺔﻋﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ .
285
ﺵﻤﺍﻭﻬﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺕﻻﺎﺤﻹﺍ :
ـ1 ﺭﻭﺭﻀﺃ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ :
ﻠﺠﻤ، ﺕﺎﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻜﻴﺘﻜﺍﺩﻴﺩﻭ ﺔﻴﻠﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺭﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻴﻭﺒﺭﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﻔﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔ
ﺩﺩﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻜ ،11 –
ﻁﺎﺒﺭﻝﺍ – ﺹ ،1990 .73
2 ﻭﻏﺭﻴﺒ ـ : ﺕ ،ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﻤﺴﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺓﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍ ﻡﻠﻋ :
ﻁ، ﺱﻼـﻁ ﺭﺍﺩ ،ﻲﺸﺎﻴﻋ ﺭﺫﻨﻤ ،1
ﺹ ،1998
/10 .11
ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ ﺕﺍﺭﻭﺸﻨﻤ، ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻴﻤﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ، لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﻤﻴﺴ ﻥﻤ ،ﻥﻼﻴﻋ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ3
ﺒﺎﻨﻋ ـ ﺭﺎﺘﺨﻤ ﻲﺠﺎﺒ ، ﻁﺩ ـ ﺔ
ﺹ ،1995 .254
ﻱﺩﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻼﺴﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ـ4 :
ﺭـﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺏﺎـﺘﻜﻠﻝ ﺔـﻴﻨﻁﻭﻝﺍ ﺔـﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻴﻓﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺴﺴﺃﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﺎﺴﻠﻝﺍ
ﺹ ،1986 .32
ﻲﻨﺎﺴﺤ ﺩﻤﺤﺃ ـ5 :
ﺩﺩﻋ ، ﺔﺜﺍﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﺠﺘ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ، ﺙﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﺔـﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺔـﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺩﻬﻌﻤ ،2
،ﻥﺍﺭﻫﻭ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ ، ﺎﻬﺒﺍﺩﺁﻭ ﺹ ،1993
27
ﺹ ،ﻕﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﻊﺠﺭﻤﻝﺍ ـ7 .74
ـ8 ﻲﺒﺎﺒﺤﻝﺍ ﺯﻴﺯﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ :
ﺱﻨﻭـﺘ ﺎﻴﺒﻴﻝ ـ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩﻝﺍ ، ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍﻭ ﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻼﻤﺄﺘ
- ﺹ،1980 .65
ﻅﺤﺎﺠﻝﺍ ـ9 :
ﺝ ، ﻥﻴﻴﺒﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﺎﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﺔـﺒﺘﻜﻤ ، ﻥﻭﺭﺎـﻫ ﺩـﻤﺤﻤ ﻡﻼﺴﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘﻭ ﺡﺭﺸ ، 1
ﻲﺠﻨﺎﺨﻝﺍ – ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻘﻝﺍ – ﺹ،1968 45.
ﺩﻴﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ لﻴﻤﺠ ـ10 :
ﺏﻴﺭﻏ ﺭﺍﺩ ، لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻏﻼﺒﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﺯﻭﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﺸﻨﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻁﻠﻝ
– ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻘﻝﺍ
– ، ﻁ ﺩ ﺹ ،2000
.68
ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﺠﺘ ، ﺩﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﺠﺘ ـ11 :
ﺭﺒﻤـﺴﻴﺩ ،ﻊﺴﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﺩﻌﻝﺍ ، ﻉﺍﺩﺒﺇ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ﺔﻴﺤﺎﺘﺘﻓﺍ ،1997
ﺹ .4 ﺩﺍﺭﻜﻨﺒ ﺩﻴﻌﺴ ـ12 :
ﻊﻴﺯﻭﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﺸﻨﻠﻝ ﺭﺍﻭﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ، ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘ ﻭ ﺎﻬﻤﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤ ، ﺕﺎﻴﺌﺎﻴﻤﺴﻝﺍ -
ﺎﻴﺭﻭﺴ
– ﻁ ، 2 ﺹ،2005 .192
ـ13 ﺹ ، ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﻊﺠﺭﻤﻝﺍ 195.
ﻥﻼﻴﻋ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ـ14 :
ﺹ،لﺎﺼﺘﻻﺍ ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﻤﻴﺴ ﻥﻤ .254
لﻭﻁ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ـ15 :
ﻥـﺒ ، ﺔﻴﻌﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﻭﺒﻁﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺍﻭﻴﺩ ، ﻲﻨﺁﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺹﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺒﻝﺍ
ﻥﻭﻨﻜﻋ – ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ – ، ﻁﺩ ﺹ ،1991
126.
ﻱﺩﻴﻌﺴ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ـ16 :
ﺩﺩـﻌﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻴﻤﺴ ﺙﻭﺤﺒ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ، ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻼﻬﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺹﻨ ﺭﺍﺩ ،1
ﻊﻴﺯﻭﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﺸﻨﻠﻝ ﺏﺭﻐﻝﺍ –
ﻥﺎﺴﻤﻠﺘ – ، ﻁﺩ ﺹ ،2002
148.
ﺔﻴﻨﻴﺍﻭﺭ ﺭﻫﺎﻁﻝﺍ ـ17 :
ﻲﺠﺎـﺒ ﺔـﻌﻤﺎﺠ ، لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ، ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻠﻝ ﻱﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺀﺍﺭﻗ
ﺭﺎﺘﺨﻤ – ﺔﺒﺎﻨﻋ - ﻉ ،4 ﺹ ،1994 .19
286
ﻲﻠﻴﻭﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻤﻠﺴ ﺩﻭﺍﺩ ـ18 :
ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ، ﻲﺠﻭﻝﻭﻓﺭﻭﻤﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﺀﻭﻀ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻗﺍﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﺼﻘﻝﺍ
ﺍ ﺙﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝ – ﺩﺍﺩﻐﺒ - ﺩﺩﻋ ،ﺭﺍﺫﺁ ،2
ﺹ ،1977 147.
ﻱﺩﻴﻌﺴ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ـ19 :
ﺹ ، ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻴﻨﺴ ﺙﻭﺤﺒ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ، ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻼﻬﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺹﻨ .149
