HAL Id: inria-00074533
https://hal.inria.fr/inria-00074533
Submitted on 24 May 2006
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Yvon Jégou
To cite this version:
Yvon Jégou. Out-of-order execution of interruptible codes. [Research Report] RR-2139, INRIA. 1993.
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a p p o r t
d e r e c h e r c h e
Out-of-Order Execution of Interruptible Codes
Yvon J´egou
N˚ 2139
Novembre 1993
PROGRAMME 1
Architectures parall`eles, bases de donn´ees, r´eseaux et syst`emes distribu´es
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Unit´e de recherche INRIA Rennes
IRISA, Campus universitaire de Beaulieu, 35042 RENNES Cedex (France)
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NZ>BEYQVlRTFXWdR?OQF%CAala:=TFXW?Wi>`µRTOlFHbQFZgQRd_Q[S>QN2,sRT>s_qFHFZgQFNZVQR?Fa4
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¢CAN?O/PSbQWTR?=TVNURTPS>Ab+>mCM>AbQF%NU>jajFs_FX[S>BbQ@AWMRT>C WTFBVQFebNZPSbQ@(@A=?>AVQYqK WTFfAVlFXbNZPSbQ@(@A=?>AVQYPkW
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W?FBVQFXbNZPSbQ@@A=?>AVQYdOQPSW[S>QNXC[QPSbajFXYFeba:FXbNUh]CfzA>B=TWWTVQYqFX=?WDNXC`[C`=Rh:YqFi>` FZgQFNUVQRTPS>Ab *:RZCAN2,sNZ>Qa:FXW
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[SFXzBFX[dOQFiNZ>BbQWTFBVQFebNZFi>` R?OQPSWEFX=?@AF&PkW[ C=?@AFX=W?FBVQFXbNZPSbQ@@A=?>AVQYlW^AC`baHR?O:VQWE>A=?FPSbajFXYFeba:FXb:R
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Data Queue
Basic Bloc Queue Execution
Instruction Fetch
PS@AVl=TFsGA :KM=DN?OQPSRTFNURTVQ=?F%>` M>AbQF
@c
10
@b read
@a
write +
*
awM
c32, , / @c c32, arM, c32/ @b / 10 arM, mul,
c32, add, / @a
read
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R?OQF%PSbQW?RT=?VNZRTPS>BbQW>Ab/R?OQFH«VQbNZR?Pk>BbC[VQblPkR?WqRNU>AEEsVlbQP NXCR?FXW_qCWTP N_Q[S>QN-,/CBaQa:=TFeWTWTFeWHRT>RTOQFPSbQW
R?=TVNZR?PS>Ab/a:PSWTYC`RDN?OQFX=f:OQFXbRTOQPSWdYQ=?>QNZFXWTW?>A=dPSW&Pkb:R?=T>Qa:VNZFfaPSb(CEsVQ[SRTPSYQ=?>jNUFXWTW?>A=dC=DN?OQPSR?FNZRTVl=TFA^lRTOQF
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=?FXWTFX=?zACR?Pk>Bb/WTRZCR?Pk>BbQWdPSb(µ>BEC`WTVQ[S>HNZ>Ab:R?=T>A[S[SFaYQPSYqFX[SPkblFXW (":dOlFHEC`PkbajP)4FX=?FXbNZFHPSWdR?OCRdPSb(>AVQ=
NXC`WTFA^RTOlFCW?WT>QNZP CR?PS>Ab+>iC=?FXWTVl[kRRT>(RTOQFsPSbQW?RT=?VNZRTPS>Bb>AYqFX=DC`ba:WPkWHa:PS=?FNZR RTOlFsYQ=T>Qa:VNUFX= ,:bQ>dW
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bC`RTPS>Ab FX[ a:WfdOQFd>BYFX=ZCR?Pk>Bb qFX[ a%NZ>Bb:RDCPSbQWR?OQFdPSbQWTR?=TVNZR?PS>AbsNZ>Qa:FdRT>_qFdFZgQFNZVQR?Fa4 CBNTO>AYqFX=ZCba
Fe[aNeCbWTR?>A=?FC(YC=ZCEFXRTFX=M>B=RTOQFPkblWTRT=?VNZR?Pk>Bb4dOQFCBaQa:=?FXWTW?FXWsdOQFX=?FRTOlFs=TFXW?VQ[SRTWsC=TFsR?>(_F
>B=TdC=Za:Fa/C`=TFWTRT>B=TFaPSb(RTOQF%ajFXWTR?PkbqCRTPS>Bb FX[ a:WfdOlFH>AYqFX=DC`RTPS>Ab+Cba(R?OQF%a:FeWTRTPSbC`RTPS>Ab FX[ a:WC`=TF
[S>CBa:Fa_:hsRTOQFPkblWTRT=?VNZR?Pk>Bb/a:PSWTYC`RDN?OQFX=fQdOQF>AYqFX=ZCba qFX[ a:WiC=?F[S>:CAa:Faa:PS=TFNURT[Sh_:hR?OQFMVQbNURTPS>
bC`[VQbQPSRTWf OQFXb C YQ=T>B@A=DC`E PSbQW?RT=?VNZRTPS>Bb PSWajPkW?YCRZN?OQFa4^qPSRiPSWid=?PSRTRTFeb PSb(RTOQF>AYqFX=ZCRTPS>Bb FX[ a(>`
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C`=TFiYl=TFXW?FXb:RQdOlFXbR?OQFi=?FXWTVQ[SR?WiC=TF&«>A=TdC=Za:Fa RT>HR?OQFi>BYFX=ZCbaNZFX[S[4>µCVQbNZR?PS>AbC`[QVQbQPSRW?YFNUPqFa
PSb(RTOQFHa:FeWTRTPSbC`RTPS>Ab Fe[ajW
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@BFXbQFX=ZC[^AR?OQFX=?FPSWbl>HPSEYQ[SP NZPSR>B=Da:FX=¢>B=RTOQFdFUgjFfNZVQRTPS>Bb>` R?OQFiPSbQW?RT=?VNZRTPS>BbQW J>FXzBFX=^BE>B=TF&WTR?=TP NZR
=?VQ[SFXWNXC`b/_qF%CYQYl[kPSFa PSbW?>AEFNXC`WTFXWf l>A=dPSbQW?RDC`bNZFA^qRTOlF%a:PSWTYC`RDN?OQPSbQ@>A=Za:FX=iPSWMWTPS@AbQP NeCb:R>Bb(RTOQF
W?FBVQFXbNZPSbQ@sVlbQPSRQMbR?OQFiEFXE>B=ThHVQblPkR?W^:CAaQaj=TFXW?WTFXWa:FXYqFXba:FXbqNZPSFXWHNXCb_FHNZ>BbQWTP a:FX=?Fa4^l_CW?Fas>Bb
memory funtional unit
FP add
functional unit ... sequencing
functional unit
Instruction Dispatch
Instruction
Memory
Data exchange network
PS@AVQ=?FHvQ QvsC=ZNTOlPkR?FNZR?VQ=TF
a:PSW?YCRZNTOlPkbl@>A=Za:FX=fyd>BRTFHR?OCRMRTOQFFZgQFNZVQR?Pk>Bb/>C`b/PSbQWTR?=TVNZR?PS>Ab/NXCb_FHPSbQPSR?PC`RTFa(C`WiWT>:>Bb C`WiPSRTW
>BYFX=ZCbajWC=?FYQ=TFXW?FXb:R^qFXzBFXb/PSbR?OQF%NXC`WTFHR?OQF=TFXW?VQRTRHa:FXW?RTPSbC`RTPS>AbQWiC`=TFbQ>BRiC[S=TFCBa:h',:bQ>db
.3$('$#./# $
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>B=Da:FX=>RTOQF(PSbQWTR?=TVNURTPS>AbQWsPSW',:bQ>BR%@B[k>B_C[S[Sh ,bl>dbdOlFPSbQW?RT=?VNZRTPS>Bb ajPkW?YCRZN?OQFX=PSWPSb N?OC=?@AF
>`WTFfAVlFXbNZPSbQ@>`PSbQWTR?=TVNURTPS>AbQWsCbqaPSbR?OQF/NZ>AEYQVQRDC`RTPS>Ab+>RTOQFRTOQ=?FCAaW?RDCR?FXW CAN?ORTPSEFC`b
PSbQW?RT=TVqNZRTPS>AbPkW4FUgjFfNZVQRTFfa_hC¢VQbNURTPS>AbC`[AVQblPkRf^XCbHFUgjFfNZVQRTPS>BbHWTRZCRTVlWPSW4WTFXb:R_CBN-,MRT>dR?OQFPSbQW?RT=?VNZRTPS>Bb
a:PSW?YCRZNTOlFX=qdOQFHR?OQ=TFfCAa(W?RDCR?FHPSWiNZ>AEYQVQR?Fa =T>BE R?OQFHFZgQFNZVlRTPS>Ab/W?RDC`RTVQWfQdOQPSWC`WTYqFNZRM>RTOQFv
C`=DN?OQPSRTFNURTVQ=?F%PSWdRT=?FCR?Fa(PSbW?FNZR?Pk>Bb54
dOlFmaQC`RDCJRDC@B@APSbQ@MVQWTFaPSb%>BVQ=W?h:WTRTFeE PSWa:P&4FX=TFXb:R=?>AE¡RTOlFdRDC@B@APSbQ@dVQW?FaPSbH>AE(CWTVl[k>&_C`WTFa
W?hW?RTFXEW 4PSb/>BVQ=WTh:WTR?FXE ^ªRTOQFRDC`@P a:FebR?PFXWRTOQFNU>AbQW?VQEFX=M>dRTOQF=TFeWTVQ[SRHdOQFe=TFC`WHPSb >AE(CW?VQ[S>
_C`WTFa WTh:WTR?FXEWMRTOQFHRZC@sP a:FXb:R?PqFXWiR?OQFHYQ=?>jajVNZFX=fdOlFHEC`Pkb(CAa:zAC`b:RDC@BFi&FHWTFeFHPSb>BVQ=iW?h:WTRTFeEPkW
R?OCRHC=TFXW?VQ[SR%NXC`b _qF%=?>AVQR?Faa:PS=TFfNZRT[Sh/R?>PSR?WxajFXWTR?PkbqCRTPS>Bb =?FXWTFX=?zACR?Pk>Bb W?RDC`RTPS>AbCbabQFXFfa/bQ>BR_F
W?FXFXb_:hC[S[RTOlFWTRZCR?Pk>BbQWdOQF VQbNZR?PS>AbC`[VQblPkR?W%NXC`b NZ>BEEsVQbQP NXC`RTFHR?OQ=T>BVQ@AOEsVQ[SRTPSYQ[SFHYC`=DC`[k[SFX[
aQC`RDCYC`RTO:dOlF%a:=DCfd_qCAN2,4^:OQ>FezAFX=f^QPSWR?OCRf^QPSbNeCWTFC=TFXW?VQ[SRdPkWiNU>AbQW?VQEFaE>A=TFdR?OCb(>BbNZFA^lPkR
EsVQW?R_qF%a:VlYQ[SPNeCRTFfaFUgjYl[kP NZPSR?[kh:
Instruction memory
Constant folding
Instruction window
Dispatching stations
PS@AVQ=?F?4 :bQW?RT=TVqNZRTPS>Ab FXRDN?O C`baNU>AbQW?RDCb:RJ>A[ a:PSbQ@
dOlFPSbQW?RT=?VNZRTPS>Bb a:PSWTYqCRDN?OQFe=>v+=?FXYFfCRTFfa:[ShFZgQRT=ZCANZR?WCbQFX _CW?P N_l[k>QN2,CAala:=TFXW?Ws=?>AE
R?OQF _l[k>QN2,BVQFXVQFCba WDNXC`bQW(RTOQF/_l[k>QN2,RT>RTOQF/Feba46MVQ=TPSbQ@RTOQPSWWZNXCb^R?OQF+PkblWTRT=?VNZR?Pk>BbQWC`=TF
W?FXYC=ZCR?Fa(«=T>AE RTOQF%NU>AbQW?RDCb:R?Wo&>BbQWTRZCb:R&>B[ajPkbl@%bQFeFa:WCW?[SPk@BO:RmC`bC[Sh:WTPSW&>PSbQWTR?=TVNZR?PS>Ab/NZ>Qa:FXWf
dOQF(PSbQW?RT=TVqNZRTPS>AblW C`=TFYqCAN2,AFaPSbRTOlFPSbQWTR?=TVNURTPS>AbdPkbqa:>.CbaRTOQF(NZ>AbQW?RDC`bR?WC=?FWTR?>A=?FaPkbC
BVQFXVlFAdOQFsPSbQWTR?=TVNURTPS>AbQWsC=?Fa:PSW?RT=TPS_QVlRTFa>Ab+RTOQF(a:PSWTYC`RDN?OQPSbQ@/W?RDCR?PS>AbQWf^>BbQFs@A=?>AVQYC`R%C(RTPSEFA
dOQFb:VQEs_qFX=d>majPkW?YCRZN?OQPSbQ@W?RDCR?PS>AbQWa:F+bQFeWHRTOQFECfgQPSEsVQE b:VQEs_qFX=d>PSbQW?RT=?VNZRTPS>BbQWiR?OCRHNXC`b
_qFdWTFBVQFebNZFaa:VQ=TPSbQ@R?OQFWZCEFmNZhQNZ[SFA`b%>BVQ=FZgCEYl[kFeW^X&FiNZ>BbQWTP a:FX=R?OQ=TFXFa:PSWTYC`RDN?OQPSbQ@MWTRDC`RTPS>AblW
issue results parameters
functional unit labelling
labelling queue
decode decode decode
instruction 1 instruction 2 instruction 3
functional units functional units
(instructions) (destinations)
pack results pack parameters
PS@BVQ=TF Q :PSbQW?RT=?VNZRTPS>BbPSW?WTVQF
KMbPSbQW?RT=TVqNZRTPS>Ab(PSWTW?VQF_:hC%a:PSW?YCRZNTO(W?RDCR?PS>AbNU>Ab:RDC`PkblWW?PgE(CXnZ>B=WTR?FXYQWC`WW?OQ>db(PSb @BVQ=TF Q
*:>BEFd>`RTOQFXW?FWTRTFeYQWiC=?FiPSba:FXYqFXbajFXb:RiCbaC=TFM=TVQbPSbsYC=ZC[S[SFX[ *:RTFeYQWd>W?VNXNZFXW?WTPSzAFPkblWTRT=?VNZR?Pk>BbQW
C`=TF>zAFX=?[ CYQYqFa4BbR?OQFd>B[S[k>dPSbQ@MFZgQYQ[ CbC`RTPS>AblW^BFNZ>AbQW?P a:FX=dRTOlFNZ>Qa:FWTFfAVlFXbNZFH>`@AVl=TFHuHCbqa
&FWTOQ>RTOQFx>>NZ>BEYQVlRDCR?PS>AbsPSbQWTP a:FFCBN?O ajPkW?YCRZN?OQFX=iW?RDC`@AFA
Q :©¤j`¨©¤$© ~e¤':¤Q` «¨
. 0
dOQFPkblWTRT=?VNZR?Pk>Bb(PkWdYqC=TR?P C[S[Sh a:FfNZ>Qa:Fa/C`baRTOQFHa:FXW?RTPSbC`RTPS>AbVQbqNZRTPS>AbqC[4VQbQPSRdPSW&WTFX[SFNZR?Fa4
0 1 2 3 4 0 1 2 3 4
c32 c32 arM c32 awM
add mul
arM c32
c32 c32 arM c32 awM
arM mul add
c32 FU select 2
FU select 1 FU select 3
Ext Mem Ext
Ext
ALU ALU
Mem Ext
Mem
PS@AVQ=?F BVQbqNZRTPS>AbqC[4VQbQPSRdW?FX[SFNZRTPS>Bb
~Xf ¨ :«Q}¤': : . 0
KibPSbQWTR?=TVNURTPS>Ab[ C_qFX[dP a:FXb:RTPFeW@A[S>B_C[S[Sh CbPSbQW?RT=TVqNZRTPS>AbdCPSRTPSbQ@ >A=sFZgQFNUVQRTPS>AbPSbR?OQF/[S>QNXC[
EFXE>B=Th>`JC VlbNZRTPS>BbC[VlbQPSR4dOQPSW[ C_qFX[PSWHCW?WT>QNZP CR?FaR?> C`[S[µR?OQFaQC`RDCFZgN?OCbQ@BFXWMbNUFsRTOQF
PSbQW?RT=TVqNZRTPS>AbPkWMFZgQFNZVQR?Fa4^4PSR?Wd[C`_Fe[PSWd=TFXR?VQ=TblFa+_CAN2,RT>sRTOlF%a:PSWTYC`RDN?OQFX=HC`ba(NXCb/_qFH=?FC[S[S>QNXCR?Fa4
*:VqNTOC&[C`_Fe[APSWµNZ>BbQWTR?=TVNURTFax=T>BE C¢«VQbNZR?Pk>BbC[BVQbQPSR4P a:FXb:RTP NeCRTPS>BbxC`baMRTOQF&CAaQa:=?FXWTW>`lCdNUFX[S[APSbRTOQF
dCPSRTPSbQ@WTRZCR?Pk>Bb>`µRTOlPkW")HldOQFHa:PSWTYC`RDN?OQFX=dE(CPSb:RDCPSbQWC[SPSWTR&>=TFXF[ C_qFX[SW&>B=FCBN?O«VQbNZR?Pk>BbC[
VQblPkRf4dOQFXW?F[SPSWTR?WxNeCb+_FsW?OC=?Fa_:h/R?OQFa:PSWTYC`RDN?O+WTRDC`RTPS>AblWH>A=HNXC`b_FsYC`=TR?PC`[S[kh(a:PSWTR?=TPS_QVQR?Fa+PSb
>B=Da:FX=sR?> [SPSEPSRNZ>Ab:qPNURTWdOlPkWWDN?OQFeEFaj>FeW%bQ>BRH«>A=DNUF C`b:h >B=Da:FX=?PSbQ@ PSbR?OQF/C[S[S>jNeCRTPS>Bb >`iRTOQF
W?[k>BRTWfMbQFHNXC`bC[SWT>HPSE(C@APSbQF¢WTPSEYQ[SFX=WZNTOlFXEFXW&dOQFX=?FRTOQFMEFXE>A=ThW?[k>BRTWC`=TFC[S[S>jNeCRTFfasCba=?FXFa
NZhQNZ[SP NXC`[k[Sh: *:VqNTOCsWZN?OQFXEFWTPSEYQ[SPFXWdR?OQFOC=Za:mC`=TF>A=MRTOQF[ C_qFX[EC`bC@BFXEFXb:R.>BbQ[Sh NU>AVQb:RTFe=TW
C`=TFdbQFXFfa:Fa 0&_QVlRCMOQPS@AOQFX=¢bVlEs_FX=>` W?[k>BRTWE(Cfhi_qFibQFfNZFXWTWZC=?hsP4RTOlFi[ CR?FXbNZhHzAC`=TP CR?PS>AbQWC=?FdOQPS@AO
b(>AVl=dFZgCEYl[kFeW^:RTOlF[ C`_FX[SWiC`=TFHC[S[S>QNXCR?Fa(NZhQNZ[SPNeC[S[Sh%W?RDC=?RTPSbQ@=?>AE {l
functional unit labelling Mem
Ext Mem Ext Ext
ALU ALU
Mem Ext
Mem-2 Ext-3 Mem-1 Ext-1 Ext-0
ALU-1 ALU-0
Mem-0 Ext-2
0 1 2 3 4
0 1 2 3 4
PS@AVQ=?F l :PSbQWTR?=TVNZR?PS>Ab([ C_qFX[S[kPSbQ@
~Xf ¨ ~f~ ¤
"
dOlFsPkblWTRT=?VNZR?Pk>Bb C`=TFW?FXb:R%R?>/RTOlFWTFe[kFfNZRTFaVlbNZRTPS>BbC[VlbQPSR4RsNXCb_qFW?RT>B=TFaPkEEFajPC`RTFX[Sh
PSbRTOlFsPkblWTRT=?VNZR?Pk>BbEFXE>A=?h>dRTOlF1 )4dOQPSWH>BYFX=ZCR?Pk>BbNeCb_qFa:FX[ CfhAFa+PSbNXCW?FsR>(>B=HE>B=TF
PSbQW?RT=TVqNZRTPS>AblWa:FXWTR?PSbCR?FaRT>+RTOlFWZCEFVQbNZR?PS>AbC`[dVQbQPSR C`=TF(PSWTW?VQFaa:VQ=?Pkbl@ R?OQF(WDCEFNZhQNZ[SFAKdR
PSbQW?RT=TVqNZRTPS>AbPkW?WTVQFR?PkEFA^BRTOQF%ajFXWTR?PkbqCRTPS>Bb qFX[ a:WiC=?Fbl>AR,:bQ>db
¤Q~ :« :«Q}¤':: . 0 ¨q¤:§ ~X¤
KMbPSbQW?RT=TVqNZRTPS>Ab(>`µvNXC`bYl=T>Qa:VNZFH{l^4Gi>B=mu=TFXW?VQ[SRTWf CBNTO>RTOQFXW?FH=TFeWTVQ[SRTWdPSWdNZ>AblWTVQEFas_:h
C`bQPSbQWTR?=TVNZR?PS>Ab/>`µRTOlFHbQFZgQRdWTFfAVlFXbNZPSbQ@@A=T>BVQY/CbaEsVQW?R_qFHCW?WT>QNZP CR?Fa(RT>C`b(PkblWTRT=?VNZR?Pk>Bb(FXb:RT=Th:
dOQPSWPSWRTOQFYQVQ=?Y>BWTFs>&RTOQF=TFXW?VQ[SR[C`_Fe[k[SPSbQ@qQdOQFsCANZR?PSzAF=TFXW?VQ[SR qFX[ a CBaQa:=TFeWTWTFeW1.«PdCb:h 0d>&RTOQF
PSbQW?RT=TVqNZRTPS>Ab/C`=TF_QVQPS[SR *:VqNTO/C`bCAala:=TFXW?WNZ>Bb:RDCPSbQW&RTOlFPSbQW?RT=?VNZRTPS>Bb[ C`_FX[C`baRTOQF=?FXWTVQ[SRdb:VQEs_qFX=
dOQF=TFXW?VQ[SRdPajFXb:RTP NXC`RTPS>AbQWiC`=TFHCYlYFXbqa:Fa(R?>sRTOQF[ C_qFX[S[SPkbl@ BVQFXVlFA
station 1 station 2 station 3
Ext-0-0 0
1 Ext-1-0 Mem-0-0 Ext-2-0 2 Mem-1-0 ALU-0-0
3 Ext-3-0 ALU-1-0 0 Ext-0-0
1 Ext-1-0 Mem-0-0 Ext-2-0
2 Mem-1-0 ALU-0-0 3 Ext-3-0 ALU-1-0 4
4
0 c32 Ext-0
1 c32 Ext-1 arM Mem-0 c32 Ext-2
2 arM Mem-1 mul ALU-0
3 c32 Ext-3 add ALU-1
4 awM Mem-2
label packing
Pk@BVQ=TF :=TFXW?VQ[SRi[ C_qFX[S[SPkbl@
T¨q T¨ . 0
station 1 station 2 station 3
Mem-0-0 1
c32 c32 Ext-2
1 2 3 4
c32 arM c32
awM Mem-2
Ext-3 Mem-1 Ext-1 Ext-0
add mul arM
ALU-1 ALU-0 Mem-0 0
1 Mem-0-0
2 Mem-1-0 ALU-0-0 ALU-0-1
3 ALU-1-0 ALU-1-1
4 Mem-2-0 Mem-2-3
4 Mem-2-0 Mem-2-3 3 ALU-1-0 ALU-1-1 2 Mem-1-0
0 0
ALU-0-0 ALU-0-1
label packing
PS@AVl=TFHwQ :YC`=DC`EFXR?FX=[ C`_FX[S[SPSbQ@
Q4¤:f¤: :Q}¢¤: : . 0 ¨q µ¤:§ ]~e¤
¢CAN?OHYC`=DCEFXRTFe=[ C_qFX[AP a:FebR?PFXWVQbQP BVQFX[Shi>BbQF&>AYqFX=DC`ba>q>AbQFPSbQW?RT=?VNZRTPS>Bb%dCPSRTPSbQ@&PSbQWTP a:F¢RTOQF
VlbNZRTPS>BbC[qVQbQPSRTWf APSb>AVQ=&PSEYQ[SFXEsFXb:RZCRTPS>Bb^XPSR&PkW&CbCBaQa:=?FXWTWdPSbsRTOlFi[S>QNXC[qEFXE>A=?h>`µC«VQbNZR?Pk>BbC[
VQblPkRfOlFXbCbPSbQW?RT=TVqNZRTPS>AbPSWsFZgQFNZVlRTFa_:h C«VQbNZR?Pk>BbC[dVlbQPSR^FfCAN?O=TFeWTVQ[SRPSWsW?RT>A=?FaC`RsRTOQF
[S>QNXCR?PS>Aba:F+blFa_:hPSRTWs[ C`_FX[dOQPSWs[ C_qFX[MPajFXb:RTPFXW(CVQbNZR?PS>AbC`[dVQbQPSR^CNZFe[k[MPSb PSR?WsmC`PkR?PSbQ@
W?RDCR?PS>Ab^qCbaCYC=ZCEFeRTFX=3FX[ a>RTOlPkWiNUFX[S[]
dOlFdYC=ZCEFeRTFX=[ C`_FX[SWdC=?FiNZ>AEYQVQRTFfadOQFXbPSbQW?RT=?VNZRTPS>BbQWmC`=TFa:PSWTYC`RDN?OQFa4 ¢CAN?Os[ C_qFX[PSWR?OQFXb
C`WTWT>QNZP C`RTFa(R?>sRTOQFPSbQW?RT=TVqNZRTPS>Ab(dOQP N?O(YQ=T>Qa:VqNZFXWRTOQPSWd>BYFX=ZCbaª
Q4¤:f¤:s~~e¨ «Q¨
dOQFYC=ZCEFXRTFX=HC`WTWT>QNZP C`RTPS>AbNZ>BbQbQFNURTWsFCBNTOYl=T>Qa:VNZFe=sRT>(RTOQF(NZ>A=?=TFXW?Y>Bba:PSbQ@NZ>AblWTVQEFX=4K YCf
Mem-0-0 Mem-1-0 ALU-0-0 ALU-0-1 ALU-1-0 ALU-1-1 MEM-2-0 Mem-2-3
Ext-0-0 Ext-1-0 Mem-0-0 Ext-2-0 Mem-1-0 ALU-0-0 Ext-3-0 ALU-1-0 parameter label result label
PS@AVQ=?FsG{Q :YqC=DC`EFXR?FX=iCW?WT>QNZP CR?PS>Ab
=ZCEFeRTFX=H[SPSWTRPSW%NZ>BbQWTR?=TVNURTFa_:h CYlYFXbqa:PSbQ@/RTOlFsYC=ZCEFeRTFX=[ C_qFX[SWHYQ=?>jajVNZFa_hFCAN?O ajPkW?YCRZN?O
W?RDCR?PS>Ab4K >BbQF%R?>(>AbQFsE(CYQYQPSbQ@s>`RTOlFXWTFYC=ZCEFeRTFX=?WR?>(RTOQFs=?FXWTVQ[SRH[ C`_FX[SWPSb R?OQF[C`_Fe[BVQFXVQF
YQ=?>Qa:VNZFXWR?OQFYC=ZCEFeRTFX=iC`WTWT>QNZP C`RTPS>Ab
K=?FXWTVQ[SR[ C`_FX[lPkWPSb]CBNZRRTOQFiCBaQa:=?FXWTW&> CFe[aPSb CMdCPSRTPSbQ@MWTRZCRTPS>Bb%dOQFe=TFdRTOlFiNZ>A=?=TFXW?Y>Bba:PSbQ@
YC`=DC`EFXR?FX=[ C_qFX[:PSWWTRT>B=TFaªKiWPkRdCWRTOQFdNXCW?F«>A=R?OQF&PkblWTRT=?VNZR?Pk>BbQW^`E>A=?FRTOqCbH>BbQFP a:FebR?P NXCR?PS>Ab
E(Cfhs_FWTFXb:RMRT>R?OQFHWZCEFMVlbNZRTPS>BbC[VQbQPSRa:Vl=TPSbQ@CsE(CAN?OQPSbQFNZhQNZ[SFA4VQRR?OQFXWTFsCAala:=TFXW?WTFXWbQFXFa
bQ>BRd_FWTRT>B=TFa PkEEsFa:P CR?FX[Sh
dOlFXWTFHW?RTFXYlWNXC`b_qFMVQ[S[ShsYQPSYFe[kPSbQFfa4:dOQF>AbQ[ShaQC`RDCa:FXYqFXba:FebNZh/R?OCRiNXC`b(_FM>BVQbaPSbRTOlPkW
C`[k@B>A=?PkR?OQE.PSWiPSb(RTOlFHFZgQRT=ZCANZR?Pk>Bb(>RTOQF=TFXW?VQ[SR[ C`_FX[SWdYQ=?>Qa:VNZFa_:hR?OQF%a:PSWTYqCRDN?O/>`µR?OQF%Yl=TFXz:PS>AVQW
W?FBVQFXbNZPSbQ@@A=T>BVQY4¢VQR^4PSb(CANZRf^R?OQFsNZ>AEYQVQRDC`RTPS>Ab(>`RTOQFeWTFs=TFeWTVQ[SRH[ C_qFX[SWaj>FeWHbQ>ARa:FXYqFXba+>Bb
R?OQF(zAC[SVQFXWH>`iRTOQFYC=ZCEFXRTFX=[C`_Fe[]b@AFebQFX=DC`[^RTOQFXW?F(=TFXW?VQ[SRTWsNXCb_F(CYQYqFXba:FfaR?>/RTOlF[ C_qFX[
BVQFXVlFHFXzAFeb/_FU>A=?FR?OQFHYC`=DC`EFXR?FX=>`RTOQFWDC`EFMPkblWTRT=?VNZR?Pk>Bb(OCfzAF_qFXFXb/[ C_qFX[S[SFa4
8 0 x$+'00((H(
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_qFW?VQWTYqFXba:Ffa4dOQPSW%NU>AEYlVQRTFa+W?RDC`RTFPSWHVlWTFaRT>/=?FXWTRZC=TRsR?OQFNU>jajFdOQFXbPSR%NeCb_qFCBNZRTPSzAC`RTFa4
Mb NU[C`WTW?PNeC[&WTFBVQFXb:R?PC`[Yl=T>QNZFXW?WT>A=?W^¢WTVN?O CW?RDCR?FPSWHR?OQFNZVl=T=TFebRsYl=T>A@B=DC`E NZ>BVQb:RTFX=zAC[SVQFA^ªRTOQF
YQ=?>QNZFXWTW?>A==TFe@APSWTR?FX=TWiC`baRTOQFEFeE>A=?hfdOQFMWTFBVQFebR?P C[bqCRTVl=TF>YQ=T>QNZFXW?WT>B=iWTFfAVlFXbNZPSbQ@C`[k[S>dWC
W?PkEYQ[SFNZ>BEYQVlRDCR?PS>Ab>`µR?OQFHYQ=?>A@A=ZCE WTRZCRTFB¢VQRC`WiWT>:>Bb C`WdWT>BEFYC=ZC[S[SFX[SPSWTE PSWdPkb:R?=T>Qa:VNZFfa(PSb
NZ>Qa:FsFUgjFfNZVQRTPS>Bb^4E>B=TFRTOqCb+>AbQFHPSbQW?RT=?VNZRTPS>Bb PSWHCANZR?PSzAF%a:Vl=TPSbQ@>BbQFsNZhQNZ[SFA^Cbqa(WT>q^R?OQFYQ=T>B@A=DC`E
W?RDCR?Fa:>:FXWbQ>ARHNZ>B=T=TFeWTYq>AbaRT>/R?OQFs=TFX@BPSWTRTFe= EFXE>A=ThzAC[SVQFXWa:VQ=TPSbQ@(R?OQPSWxNUhjNU[kFB *:>BEF%CBNZRTPS>Bb
EsVQW?R_qFHRZC ,AFebPSb>A=DajFX=iR?>s=TFCBNTO+C' ( 4( /'!%* :W?RDCR?F1 4"T:dOQF]CBNZRdRTOC`RdWTVN?O/CWTFfAVlFXb:RTP C[WTRDC`RTF
EsVQW?R_qF%C`[kdCfh:WmNU>AEYlVQRDC`_Q[SFd[kPSEPkR?WRTOlFF FNURTPSzAFYC=ZC[S[SFX[SPSWTE >RTOQF%NU>AEYlVQRDC`RTPS>Ab
dOlFv E>Qa:FX[a:>:FXWbQ>ARa:F+bQFWTVN?OCW?FBVQFXb:RTP C`[W?RDCR?F_qFNXC`VQWTF(PSR>BVQ[ a/[SPSEPSRiR?OQFsVQW?FZ
Vl[kblFXWTWH>`m>BVQR>]>B=Da:FX=MFZgQFNZVQR?PS>AbdOQFsv E>Qa:FX[a:F+bQFeW%=?FXWTRZC=TRZC_Q[SFsW?RDCR?FXWHdOQP N?O+RDC ,BFsPSbR?>
CBNXNZ>AVlbRRTOlFPSbQWTR?=TVNURTPS>AbQWdOQP N?OFZgQFNZVQR?PS>AbOC`W%bQ>BRH_qFXFXb NU>AEYl[kFeRTFa+CE>AbQ@RTOQFPkblWTRT=?VNZR?Pk>BbQW
R?OCR&OCfzAFd_qFXFXb(PSWTW?VQFa4Bb>B=Da:Fe=R?>H_QVQPS[ aWTVN?O(CWTRZCRTFB^:RTOQFM>A=TPS@BPkb>R?OQFiPSb:RTFe=T=TVlYQRTPS>AblWPSWNZ>BbQWTP
a:Fe=TFa4 qFZgQR?FX=TbC`[Pkb:R?FX=T=?VQYQRTWC=?=TPSz:Pkbl@H=?>AE >AVQR?WTP a:FRTOlFHYQ=T>QNZFeWTWHC=?F%a:PSWTR?Pkbl@AVQPSWTOlFa =T>BE.PSbR?FX=TbqC[
PSb:RTFX=?=TVQYlRTWidOlPN?O/C=?F=DCPSW?Fa(_:hsRTOQFYQ=T>QNZFXW?WHCANZR?Pkz:PSRh:
$& . "1 # . $& ( $
KMb FZgQR?FX=TbC`[Pkb:R?FX=T=?VQYQRPSWiPSb]CANZRCs=?FBVQFXWTRM>B=CBNXBVQPS=TPSbQ@sYQ=?>jNUFXWTW?>A=H=?FXWT>BVQ=DNZFeW3*:VN?OC=?FBVQFXW?R
PSWdRT=?FCR?Fa([S>QNXC[S[Sh_hCsNU>jajFxajPkW?YCRZN?OQFX=i>`$vQ:b(>B=Da:FX=dR?>sFZgQFNZVQR?F%CbPSbR?FX=T=?VQYQRMRTOQ=?FCAa4^lWT>BEF
YQ=?>QNZFXWTW?>A=H=?FXWT>BVQ=DNUFEsVQW?Rd_F=TFNU[C`EFa =?>AE CNZVQ=T=?FXb:RT[Sh CBNZRTPSzAFPkblWTRT=?VNZR?Pk>Bb/q>HQdOQFWTFBVQFeb:
NZPSbQ@s>`µPSbQW?RT=TVqNZRTPS>AblWdPkW&WTR?>AYQYqFa(>BbR?OQFbQFZgQRdPSbQWTR?=TVNZR?PS>Ab(>B=Da(CbqasRTOlFxajPkW?YCRZN?OQFX=C`WTW?>jNUPC`RTFXWiC
* ( ,-(+"!/ * ! / RT>sFCBNTO[C`_Fe[PSbR?OQFH[ C_qFX[µBVQFeVQFAqdOQFHYQVl=TYq>AWTF>RTOQPSWdW?YFNUPC`[a:FXWTR?PSbCR?Pk>Bb(PkW
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