Bilan de l’étude des coulis binaires

La combinaison de précurseurs permet de tirer parti des avantages liés à l’utilisation de chacune des matières premières. Une amélioration du comportement rhéologique est associée à la compacité supérieure des cendres volantes et à leur forme sphérique. Les cendres volantes se caractérisent également par une réactivité plus faible, conduisant à une ouvrabilité prolongée et un gain de résistance dans le temps. Un taux de substitution à 20 % donne des performances optimales du point de vue de la stabilité, de la rhéologie et de la résistance mécanique. Cependant, afin de bien souligner l’effet des cendres volantes, la formulation GMKCV40 (à 40 % de cendres) a été retenue pour la suite de l’étude (chapitres 1 et 4).

2.5 BILAN

Dans ce chapitre, différents paramètres liés à la formulation de coulis géopolymères et alcali- activés ont été considérés. Le comportement rhéologique des combinaisons binaires de précurseurs métakaolin/cendres volantes et laitier/cendres volantes a été étudié. Les différents coulis suivent un modèle d’Herschel Bulkley à faible seuil et légèrement rhéofluidifiant. L’augmentation du ressuage avec l’ajout de cendres a été observée et attribuée à la diminution de la consistance des coulis. Ce phénomène est atténué par la réactivité plus élevée du laitier ainsi que par l’addition de bentonite et du dispersant dans le mélange. Dans l’objectif de répondre au cahier des charges spécifié, la substitution par 20 % de cendres volantes permet d’obtenir les meilleures performances mécaniques et rhéologiques.

Certaines limitations persistent : l’absence de superplastifiants, la baisse de réactivité dans les systèmes dilués et la prise parfois trop rapide dans les coulis au laitier. Il faut toutefois rappeler que cette étude s’est basée sur des sources de matières premières de disponibilité élevée et de qualité moyenne. L’étude de sources variables permettrait d’élargir le spectre de performances accessibles. Il serait également intéressant d’étudier l’effet d’autres additions minérales (fumée de silice, filler, etc.) et leur influence sur les différentes propriétés. Dans l’attente du développement d’adjuvants efficaces, l’optimisation de la phase solide du matériau semble offrir une alternative très prometteuse pour la formulation des géopolymères.

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Dans le document Géopolymérisation et activation alcaline des coulis d’injection : structuration, micromécanique et résistance aux sollicitations physico-chimiques (Page 98-103)