[PDF] Top 20 Sex Chromosome Degeneration by Regulatory Evolution

... fitness by 𝑠 1,𝑖 in a homozygous individual, while mutations present on copy 2 would decrease 364 fitness by 𝑠 2,𝑖 (𝑠 1,𝑖 > 𝑠 2,𝑖 ). The overall fitness effect of deleterious mutations in gene i depends ... Voir le document complet

... rapid evolution of sex determination mechanisms, provide 31 remarkable opportunities to study the formation of sex chromosomes and the mechanisms 32 driving the birth of new master sex ... Voir le document complet

... findings by proposing a model for the evolution of the LG1 sex chromosome in tilapia ...The sex-determination mechanism resided on LG1 in the common ancestor of ...of sex ... Voir le document complet

... emphasized by the G10K project and the recent proposed initiative [3] to sequence the genome of all planet’s eukaryotes within the next ten years [1, 3], long range contiguity, ideally chromosome-scale ... Voir le document complet

... to sex chromosomes and their subsequent ...because sex chromosomes in almost all mammals are at a very advanced stage of ...both sex chromosomes in the African pygmy mouse Mus minu- toides, which has ... Voir le document complet

... avian sex chromosomes contained three (or two, in the case of birds) classes of genes with differing dosage sensitivities ...followed by compensatory up-regulation of the X-linked homolog in both sexes; the ... Voir le document complet

... without its CSD: ΔCSD and both alleles with a GFP domain) with a fusion PCR technique (37, 38) using the primers described in SI Appendix, Table S2 . Constructs were cloned in a pCaSpeR4 plasmid. shRNA was designed using ... Voir le document complet

... potential sex chromosome in our goldfish experimental population, it is reasonable to be- lieve that the non-recombining region that we characterize on LG22 contains its master sex determining ... Voir le document complet

... of regulatory competition must be weighed against the potential undermining of welfare States should mobile factors of production (capital, companies) be competed for as opposed to less mobile factors ... Voir le document complet

... activated by deletions that fuse a promoter-less TAL1 gene to the promoter of STIL (19) and this was observed in many patient deletions ...TAL1 by regulatory elements outside of the loop. We tested ... Voir le document complet

... two cereal rye cultivars ‘Lo7’ and ‘Lo225’, representing the two dis- tinct heterotic gene pools in hybrid-rye breeding, megabase-scale inversions are apparent on four of the seven rye chromosomes (Fig. 2a and ... Voir le document complet

... the evolution of parasite traits, especially ...that by Regoes et al. (2000) for parasites with a free-living stage. By assuming that there exists a negative correla- tion between virulence in one ... Voir le document complet

... induced by the mixture of pollutants and both threats were applied lifelong starting 5 weeks before mating of the ...exerted by estrogen against the development of metabolic ...the sex-specificity of ... Voir le document complet

... SUMMARY The draft genome of the moss model, Physcomitrella patens, comprised approximately 2000 unordered scaf- folds. In order to enable analyses of genome structure and evolution we generated a ... Voir le document complet

... Similarity search and automated curation using CLARI-TE We applied our procedure to the 2,808 scaffolds assembled for the 3B chromosome (HG670306 and CBUC010000001- CBUC010001450), and the T. urartu [39] and Ae. ... Voir le document complet

... C onsistent with attitudes about sex writ broadly, prison sex remains a rather private aspect of life within this total institution. Few sexual acts have been deemed worthwhile of study – research in this ... Voir le document complet

... (represented by an English specimen dated to ...(represented by a present-day domestic cattle descending from the ...separated by inhospitable ecosystems during the glacial periods of MIS4 and MIS2 ... Voir le document complet

... find clear geographic or linguistic patterns among Amazonian Amerindians. Indeed, no correlation has been detected in our data between the D a and geographic distances (Table S7) (Mantel test, r ¼ 2 0.012; p ¼ 0.48). ... Voir le document complet

... Afin d’identifier certains des gènes auto- somiques, nous avons choisi d’utiliser une méthode de localisation utilisant l’homo- zygotie par filiation. Cette stratégie, décrite en 1987 par E.S. Lander et D. Botstein, ... Voir le document complet

... The typical distinguishing feature of the GVB-type lysoso- mal structure is their dense core in which endocytic, ER and cytosolic proteins accumulate. Our data indicate selectivity in the accumulation of cytosolic ... Voir le document complet