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M X-RAY LINEWIDTHS OF GOLD
A. Laakkonen, G. Graeffe
To cite this version:
A. Laakkonen, G. Graeffe. M X-RAY LINEWIDTHS OF GOLD. Journal de Physique Colloques,
1987, 48 (C9), pp.C9-605-C9-608. �10.1051/jphyscol:19879100�. �jpa-00227206�
JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE
Colloque C9, supplement au n012, Tome 48, dhcembre 1987
M X-RAY LINEWIDTHS OF GOLD
A . LAAKKONEN
and
G . GRAEFFEDepartment o f P h y s i c s , Tampere U n i v e r s i t y o f Technology,
POBox 527, SF-33101 Tampere, Finland
T h e M x - r a y e m i s s i o n s p e c t r u m o f Au ( Z = 7 9 ) w a s m e a s u r e d w i t h a h i g h p r e c i s i o n d o u b l e c r y s t a l s p e c t r o m e t e r . T h e w i d t h s o f M l e v e l s w e r e d e t e r m i n e d a n d c o m p a r e d t o t h e o r e t i c a l c a l c u l a t i o n as w e l l as t o a v a 4 l Z b l e e x p e r i m e n t a l r e s u l t s . T h e b r o a d h i g h e n e r g y s a t e l l i t e b a n d a c c o m p a n y i n g t h e M a n d M l i n e s w e r e i s o l a t e d by f i t - t i n g L o r e n t z i a n p r o f i l e s t o t h e m a i n l i n e s . The o b s e r v e d l i n e w i d t h s are n o t i c e a b l y n a r r o w e r t h a n p r e d i c t e d b y t h e t h e o r y .
I n many cases t h e x - r a y e m i s s i o n s p e c t r o s c o p y is a u s e f u l a l t e r n a t i v e f o r d e t e r m i n a - t i o n o f a s t a t e w i d t h p r o v i d e d t h a t h a c c u r a t e d a t a f r o m e i t h e r i n i t i a l o r f i n a l s t a t e are a l r e a d y a v a i l a b l e .
T h e r e is a n e x t e n s i v e s t u d y o f K x - r a y e m i s s i o n b y K e s s l e r e t . a l . / I / o f m i d - t o - h i g h Z e l e m e n t s b u t t h e m e a s u r e m e n t s o f M x - r a y e m i s s i o n a r e s t i l l r a r e . T h e c o r e h o l e l i f e t i m e s o f h e a v y e l e m e n t s ( 7 0 5 Z f 1 0 0 ) h a v e b e e n c a l c u l a t e d r e c e n t l y b y Chen e t . a l . / 2 / u s i n g t h e D i r a c - H a r t r e e - S l a t e r wave f u n c t i o n s . T h e s t u d i e s s h o w t h a t t h e re- l a t i v i s t i c e f f e c t s p l a y i m p o r t a n ' r o l e s i n t h e d e t e r m i n a t i o n o f c o r e h o l e l i f e t i m e .
I n t h e p r e s e n t w o r k as a c o n t i n u a t i o n o f o u r p r e v i o u s w o r k s / 3 , 4 , 5 / we w o u l d l i k e t o s t u d y t h e M x - r a y s p e c t r u m o f g o l d u s i n g a h i g h r e s o l u t i o n d o u b l e c r y s t a l s p e c t r o - m e t e r i n o r d e r t o d e t e r m i n e t h e l i n e w i d t h s i n v o l v e d i n t h e e m i s s i o n p r o s e s s e s .
E x p e r i m e n t a l
T h e M x - r a y s p e c t r u m w a s m e a s u r e d b y u s i n g a d o u b l e - c r y s t a l s p e c t r o m e t e r s i m i l a r t o t h a t d e s c r i b e d b y S u o n i n e n a n d P e s s a /6/. A C r x - r a y f l u o r e s c e n c e t u b e o p e r a t e d a t 4 0 kV x 3 4 mA w a s u s e d t o i n d u c e M e m i s s i o n . T h e s p e c t r o m e t e r w a s e q u i p p e d w i t h a p a i r o f q u a r t z c r y s t a l s ( 2 d = 0 . 8 4 9 n m ) .
Article published online by EDP Sciences and available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jphyscol:19879100
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PHYSIQUET h e r o c k i n g - c u r v e f u l l w i d t h a t h a l f maximum (FWHM) f o r t h e Au Mo(l l i n e w a s 0 . 1 8 eV i n t h e ( 1 , - 1 ) p o s i t i o n . T h i s i n d i c a t e s t h a t t h e s p e c t r o m e t e r r e s o l u t i o n is s u f f i - c i e n t l y g o o d t o o b t a i n d e t a i l e d i n f o r m a t i o n a b o u t t h e l i n e w i d t h s .
To d e t e r m i n e t h e n a t u r a l l i n e w i d t h s , t h e m e a s u r e d s p e c t r u m w a s c o r r e c t e d f o r t h e b a c k g r o u n d r a d i a t i o n a n d t h e c r y s t a l r e s p o n s e .
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T h e m e a s u r e d M x - r a y s p e c t r u m o f g o l d is i l l u s t r a t e d i n F i g . l a . I n F i g . l b we s h o w t h e d i f f e r e n c e s p e c t r u m w h e r e m a i n M a 1 a n d M p e a k s are s u b t r a c t e d a s s u m i n g a Lo-
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r e n t z i a n p r o f i l e f o r p e a k s as i n d i c a t e d i n F i g . l a . T h e s a t e l l i t e s t r u c t u r e s h o w c l e a r l y u p . I n T a b l e 1 we s h o w t h e o b s e r v e d l i n e w i d t h s t o g e t h e r w i t h e x p e r i m e n t a l r e s u l t s of Tti /7/ a n d U / 5 / . I n T a b l e IT we l i s t t h e r e s u l t s f o r M a n d M5 l i n e w i d t h s f o r g o l d o b s e v e d i n t h i s w o r k . F o r o b t a i n i n g t h e s e w i d t h s t h e XPS d a t a o f F u g g l e a n d A l v a r a d o / 8 / f o r N s t a t e w i d t h s h a v e b e e n u s e d . I n T a b l e I1 we a l s o
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s h o w a v a i l a b l e e x p e r i m e n t a l d a t a o f Th a n d U . F o r c o m p a r i s o n t h e o r e t i c a l c a l c u l a - t i o n s o f C h e n e t . a l . are a l s o s h o w n . T h e t h e o r e t i c a l v a l u e s s e e m t o b e n o t i c e a b l y larger t h a n e x p e r i m e n t a l w i d t h s .
I n T a b l e I1 we s h o w a l s o t h e r e l a t i v e & s a t e l l i t e i n t e n s i t i e s f o r Au, Th a n d U . T h e s e s t r u c t u r e s w h i c h l i e u p t o 1 5 eV a b o v e t h e m a i n l i n e are m o s t p r o b a b l y d u e t o e m i s s i o n p r o c e s s e s i n d o u b l e h o l e c o n f i g u r a t i o n c r e a t e d p r e d o m i n a n t l y b y C o s t e r - K r o r l i g d e c a y p r o c e s s e s o f t h e M s h e l l /9/.
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