La structure en de quoi

(1)

HAL Id: halshs-00138074

https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00138074

Submitted on 23 Mar 2007

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- entific research documents, whether they are pub- lished or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.

L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

La structure en de quoi

Florence Lefeuvre

To cite this version:

Florence Lefeuvre. La structure en de quoi. Journal of French Language Studies, Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2006, 16 (16), pp.51-68. �halshs-00138074�

(2)

"!$#&%')(+*-,./02134567 198

;=<?>A@B-CEDF@CEBFGHG)IKJMLHNMOEPMQ

RTSVUEWYXMSVUEWHZX/[]\-^_/W7W_F^SMX`WYaMb-X`WYc_[Hb-^d[2ZcFe_&fhgi&jMkMlMm=WdUZonpZqaMrUXsZXVtZXZo[2ZtuwvxUzypZ_FX

c_+[[]_{Wd[2^2U|c+[U^_~}dgiHjMkMlMm9ZXVtZXVZo[2Zt}q_/W2[w^\FMZ_bF^"UXYn_F^dy_?

d

m

FF

i

l

HlMk

mlV

s

lV

mk

lV { $i

m¡gi

miF¢

m

£m

¥¤¦

k

7

m

ik§gi¨NMOEPMQ

©

m

i

7

lªEi

«?¬

i®¯lVMgi°{±²bF^7W

³´M´VµM¶

·V

¶Y¸7¹»º

&

kV $ik

lMk

k&jMk©¼m

F

m g|½

{

i

¾

mm

M

i{gi¿`m

mi

7 «

i

iF ~mi

gi

À

kÁ

m

F

m

À

i

H

igi

mi

gi

ÀF

lMk

¡Â/ÃF¤&-

m JML

NMOEPMQÄi- iÅÅMi

iF $i

Æ

i

lMkÁ

i

F

iÇ

i

ÈÀ

k iFMgk

m gi

F

i

iF ~i-

m

+

i u

¬

iÉYlMk

i

EÊ

Á i

-|

ik

°³

:-Ë

³Ì~t2\+np^Z_F^©³´M´V³M¶

SpU?yMZ _FX?_Fee _XM_er_/W2["bW=

Í/YÎV

m

H?Ï7

i{gk

F=M

k

i

¼i

-`

k

7

m"ÁVmiF

l

+

iYjMkMi

lMk

Î l

m

«YÐ

L¯NMOEPMQ£m

7

mi

¼iÑÒ

¾

iF $mi

$mm

+

i¯jMkMm

F

gi»jMkMm

i

®

|

m4ª9lVM

lMk

m

jMk©¼m

i

i7ª

i

m

jMk©¼kVi

ik

i

lMmHÓ

i

i l

+

k

Ô

i

»F

ªEi

ÅMm

F

kÑ

l g

F¨

kÑ

-

l

FÕ

Òl

=

mlV

«¬

i»ÉYlMk

i

Ê Á i

-|

ik

° : ³

ËF:Ö

W_FV[]_F±{yp^_³´M´V³M¶

×ee _{XMrb{t2bFZ4[©erSVyØ_+[ÚÙ/U|_{aM_[2^Û/Wq_+UKaMrb+[[]_FX/[2Z SX£aM_Heb¡b-^d[qaM_/WqeZXVVUZW2[]_/WÜEbFe S^7WÝÙ/U|_

cr_/Wd[wUXM_~Wd[2^dU|c+[U^_{Ù/UZ|b{c)SXX/U&ÞYUXM_yM^ZeebFX/[]_Ht2SM^d[UXM_§ß

¬3à

bF±?SVU^_+[[]_H_+[EáwZcFâpSXp°

[]S±?_zÌãMäV³M¶uwRTSVUEW?ebWZo[U|_-^SXW~bF^$^bFMSM^d[$b+UMå»c)SXWd[2^dU|c+[2Z SXWTWdUZ4nbFX[]_/W?Ù/UZ

cS±$M^_FXVXp_FX/[EUX~ZXVtZXZo[2ZtÝ

æ¾

k

giHjMkMm

iFm

«

ç¾

k

q¼

qMè

jMkMm

M

i

«9¬

_åEu[2Z^\/WqaM_¥éÝ_HêYSMttZc°

:-ëMë ãV¶

dì2Ã `F

m

Mè

jMkMlMm

i

7)F

l

F

i

=¬

_+åíuî[2Z^\HaM_¥ïZ _F_Fe_+[bFeu4°

:-ëMë µM¶

ð

SX[2^bFZ^_F±?_FX[¢fÄaM_ÄÙ/UZ °¨fÄÙ/UZ»_+[ñfòÙ/U|SZóÙ/UZ¨WrbFXpbFeoôW_-X/[õcSM±~±?_òaM_/W

cS±$Me\F±?_FX[W$_/W7W_FX/[2Z_-eWYZXMaVZ^_c+[WöYaM_&e÷ZXVtZXVZo[2Zt2°ÝaM_&Ù/U|SZqaM_

¬ :

b-¶Yf

¬

ãMbF¶HX9÷b/WWdU^_

b/W&c)_+[[]_øt2SMXMc+[2Z SX|uÚéÝbzÙ/U|_/Wd[2Z SXp°aMÛ/W?eSM^7W°_/W2[?aM_WbnSMZ^£cS±$±?_FX/[²bFXpbFeoôW_F^£aM_

Ù/U|SZ=bF^T^b-MS^d[hføe÷ZXVtZXVZo[2ZtuùéÝ_W&\+[U|aM_W&aVZon_F^_FX[&WdU^£ebøXpb+[U^_úaM_aM__[?aM_

Ù/U|SZwaM_zcSM^^_/W]SXpa

Ë

Ze=fûUXbF^2[2ZcFe_ûb-^d[2Zo[2ZtYSVUÔfKUXM_M^\FS9WZo[2ZSMX?üýxU|SMZÀ_/W2[

Ë

Ze

yMZ_FXzWdUMyS^aMSXXMbFX[=ü~þHZX`W]Z°eb?Ù/U|_/W2[2ZSMX_/Wd[ÿaM_TWb+nSZ^HW]Z"aM_?Ù/U|SMZEZXtZXVZo[2Ztùt2SM^±?_

Üûá©SVU^»e_/WÔaM_+n_-eSM_-±?_FX/[W»^\)c_FX/[W°KnSMZ^Ôê{SMea`W]±~Zo[2âò_+[áwZXMâMbF±

¬

:-ë`Ö äV¶»_+[

á"Z _F^^bF^a

¬

:-ë`ÖMÖ

V³´Mä

Ë ³ :

´V¶uúUee_F^ÝcSMX`W]ZaMÛF^_He_/WÀWd[2^2U|c+[U^_/W"[]_-ee_/WqÙ/U|_

¬ :

bF¶q_+[

¬

³bF¶

cS±$±?_ Þ?aM_/W cSMX`W2[2^dU|c+[2ZSMX`W M^SVybyMe_F±²_FX/[ ZaVZSM±?b+[2ZÙ/U|_/Wß

¬

:-ëMë äû

:Ö äV¶ _+[

WrZX/[]\-^_/W7W_Tb+UMåsÞ~^_-eb+[2Zon_/WZXMaM\F_FXpaMbFX/[]_W©ßÙ/UZcSM±~S^2[]_FX/[UX&n_-^dy_?cSMX7ØdUVU|\?f

UX~±?SaM__F^7WSMXVXp_Feu

öáSpU^qc)_+[[]_t2SXpc+[2ZSMXM°cFtuéÝ_Hê{SMttZc ã9u

(3)

"!$#&%')(+*-,./02134567 198

yMZ_FXzUXM_&M^SMSíW]Zo[2ZSMX W2UMySM^aMSMXVXM\)_û_+[¡cSM±~±?_FX[YbFXpbFeoôW_F^$aM_Ù/U|SZqbF^Y^bFMSM^d[Yf

erZXVtZXZo[2Ztu

à

bFX`W£c)_+[?b-^d[2ZcFe_)°¥XMSVUEW£aM\Ft2_FXpaV^SMX`W?erâ/ôSV[2âMÛ/W_W_FeSMXebÙ/U|_-ee_ZeHWrbFMZo[

yMZ_FX¦aMrUXp_ M^SS9WZo[2Z SXÈW2UMySM^aMSXXM\_)°²UXM_¯^_-eb+[2Zon_ñWbFX`Wúb-X/[]\c\)aM_FX/[ Ù/U|_¨XMSVUEW

bFM_Fee_-^SXWYÞ~ZX/[]\-M^b+[2Zon_ß

¬

éÝ_&êYSttZc

:-ëMë

ãV¶°ùb+n_chUXM_Tt2SMXMc[2ZSXsbF^d[2Zc+UeZÛF^_&aM_

aM_¯Ù/U|SZ$bF^^bFMSM^d[sferZXVtZXVZo[2Ztu

à

bFXW&UX M^_F±~Z_F^&[]_F±~9W°{XMSVUEWs_FX/npZWb-_F^SMX`W

erâ/ôSp[2âpÛ/W_òaMrUX aM_ bF^d[2Zo[2Ztu

à

bFXW UX aM_+UMåMZ ÛF±?_ []_F±~9W°øXMSVUEWõ_+åbF±~ZXp_F^SMX`W

erâ/ôSp[2âpÛ/W_ÄaMrUX aM_ M^\FSíW]Zo[2ZSMXVXp_Feu×XtZXM°XMSVUEW¦cSMX`W]ZaM\F^_F^SXW er_F±$MeSZó_FX

aVZWcSVU^7WqaM_Hc)_+[[]_{Wd[2^dU|c[U^_Vu

Ð

LY<MB+@DGE<MB+@@

à

bFX`WqaM_Wq_+å_-±~Me_/W"[]_-eWqÙ/U|_e_/WÝWdUZonbFX/[W=

+T

iÁVkVgªEi

gi

¼iF

im4ª9iF $iF

Ú

k

À-

mi)k

~z

kª9 ~iF

iF

·Í¥M

7M

l

+|è ··

l

7

jMkMi

ilV ?Á

igq¼

î

kVgm

gm $mk

«ÃF¤&

glV

JMLTNMOEPMQ

i

lVM

jMk

Mg

i

-

mi

kVm

i

m

F

ÅMlV

îM+Ú

i

M

i

gigmÅÅMm

k

-

jMkMm¥q¼

F

miF

MM&

iÑ

m

i ¼

M7

jMk

Mg»m

¤

F

m

9À

k gq¼

kVgm

i $lMm

gi

-

gm

«x¬

i&É{lMk

i

YÊ

Á i

-|

ik

°

: ã ËF:-ë

±?bF^7W³´M´MãV¶u

¬ Ö

bF¶H¸éÝ_SMe_FZeºÅMmm

7ÝM

i Ñ

k

i g

¼i

iYkVi¥ª

Mgi

M+

mi¡gi

i

gmÅÅ

F

iF

i

iF

i l

M

i

À|

$l

F

mjMkMi

m

m9jMkMi

i

À

~iF

jMk©¼m

k

7 |

mi- { $iF

ÅMl

ª

F k

MF

i i À

î

i jMkMm

¼

lV

ª9

miF

¾M

JML~NMOEPMQ

¼

ÅÅMl

i i l

im

E

im

i

`

i

À

lMk

iFm

gi

À

î

i

¸7¹»º

ÅMi

-

mm i lV

g

F

l m gq¼

k

i

£FM

ª

mjMkMi

¸7¹»º7u

¬

iH®¯lVMgi

gi

¼Àgk

F|

mlV|°+Ø2UZee_+[

Ë

bSM[

:-ëMëMë

¶u

SXSVU^^b-Zo[À_FXW_F^°©bUzM^_F±~Z _F^Hb+yS^aM°©Ù/U|_²giTjMkMlMmÝcSMX`W2[2Zo[U|_he_£cSM±~Me\F±?_-X/[=aM_

lVM

_+[úe_¢c)S±~Me \F±?_FX[_W7W_-X/[2Z_Fe£ZXMaVZ^_c+[úaM_

©

ÅÅMl

i

~lV i

+K

lVM

gi

jMkMi

-

l iÝlV

©

ÅÅMl

i{gi~jMkMi

jMkMi

F

l i «

×ÝXTb-^d[2Zc+UeZ _F^°9er\FXMSMXMc)\

¬ Ö

b-¶ù_+UM[

W_bF^b-MâV^b/W_F^©bF^©e_HaM\-±?SXWd[2^b[2Zt

iY_+[EUXM_^_-eb+[2Zon_Hfe÷ZXMaVZcb[2Ztw_FX{glV

Á

¸éÝ_Se_-ZeºÅMmm

M

iÑ

k

i g

=

¼i

i{kViÀª

7

Mgi

M-

migi

i

gmÅÅ

F

iF

i

iF

i l

M

i

À|

$l

F

mjMkMi

m

m9jMkMi

i

À

~iF

jMk©¼m

k

7 |

mi- { $iF

ÅMl

ª

F k

MF

i i À

î

i jMkMm

¼

lV

ª9

miF

L¯JMP! £lV¢i

¼

ÅÅMl

i

zM

i l im

£

i)m

i

$

i

z

lMk

i-m

7

gi

À

i

¸7¹»º~ÅMi

-

mm i lV

g

F

l m gq¼

k

i

¢FM

ª

mjMkMi

¸¹»º7u

à

_§c_¯SMZX/[ aM_¨nVU|_°~gi W_F^bFZ4[M^\-SíW]Zo[2ZSMXVXM_-e°Tf¯erZXWd[]bF^úaM_¨giõ_+[zaM_

è

aM_/W

_+å_F±$Me_/W

¬ µ Ë

äV¶u

(4)

"!$#&%')(+*-,./02134567 198

»b-ZWû[2^ÛWûnMZ4[]_°?c_ W]Z±~Me_[]_/W2[cSMZXMc)_°~cSM±~±?_»SX§_+UM[ e_nSMZ^aMb-X`Wsc_+[[]_

bF^bFMâ^b/W_HaM_

¬

ÌMbF¶qaVZttZcFZe_HfHSpy[]_FXVZ^qb+n_c

iglV

Á

T

iÁVkVgªEi

gi

¼iF

im4ª9iF $iF

Ú

k

À-

mi)k

~z

kª9 ~iF

iF

·Í¥M

7M

l

+ès··

l

7

jMkMi

i~lV ²Á

i~gq¼

î

kVgm

H

gm ~mk

«

L?JMP!

lV

lMk

7

m

i

lVM

jMk

Mg

i

-

mi

kVm

i

m

F

ÅMlV

M+{

i

M

i~gi~gmÅÅMm

k

-

jMkMmq¼

F

miF

MH

iÑ

m

i

x

¼

M7

"jMk

Mg

m

F¤&-

m

AÀ

k gq¼

î

kVgm

i $lMm

gi

F

gm

×X _Ftt2_+[¯[2^Û/W WSpUMn_FX/[]°úcSM±~±?_ aMbFX`W§e _/Wõ_+å_-±~Me_/W

¬ : b Ë

ãMbF¶°gi Xp_ aM\F_FXMa

cFebFZ^_F±?_FX["XZaM_erZXVtZXVZo[2Zt2°MXVZaMrUX?bUM[2^_±?SV[©aM_Hc)_+[[]_{Wd[2^dU|c[U^_?

d

Á

A

¼m

i

7

lªEi

gi

i

·

Á

A

i- ~i

ÿ

i

lMkÁ

igi

i

Í

Á

dÃ7

mi

ÿ

¼iÑVÒ

iF ~mi

$mm

-

igi

i

«

ð

_[[]_HSpy|W_F^dnb+[2ZSMX?bHaM\dØfH\[]\H_Ftt2_c+[U|\_HaMb-X`W"áwZ_F^]^bF^a

:-ë`ÖMÖ

¬

³´

Ö

¶=

ÞTWdôX[]b+åMZÙ/U|_-±?_FX/[]°9ebYM^\FS9WZo[2ZSMXTXpr_/Wd[qMeoUEWÿcSM±~b+[2Zoype_~b+n_c{e_¡n_F^dy_{aM_

eb{WdUMyS^aMSXXM\_ß|u

×X^_+nbFXMcFâp_

à

bF±?SVU^_+[[]_£_+[áwZcFâpSX

¬

:-ë":M:

°

:-ë

ãM´EãMäV³°[]S±²_TÌV¶^bFMM^ScFâM_FX[Àe_

t2SXpc+[2ZSMXVXM_-±?_FX/[aM_¥giYaM_Hc_-eoUZaM_¥glV

Þ~Ze~t2bUM[zWSVUMn_FX[&ô ZX/[]_F^M^\+[]_F^e_^b+ôpSMX¯gi¯b+n_ceb ±F±?_»_+åV[]_FXWZSMX

W\F±²bFX/[2ZÙ/U|_~¸¹»º©Ù/U|_SpU^©e_W"[]SpU^Wqb+n_)c¥glV

ß9u

R£SpUEWÝbFee SXWÚnSZ^b+UKcSMX/[2^bFZ^_{Ù/U|_Yc_Xpr_Wd[wVU|ÛF^_S9W7W]ZoyMe_uîéÝbbF^bFMâV^bW_HaM_eb

Wd[2^dU|c+[U^_Tf~e÷ZXVtZXZo[2ZtqbF^UXM_TWd[2^2U|c+[U^_?f~e÷ZXMaVZcb[2Ztc)S±~M^_FXMbFX[ùglV

_/Wd[ÿ_FX_Ftt2_+[

ZXMbc)c_FV[]b+ype_SpU^©Me4UEWZ_+U^Wq_+å_-±~Me_/W°`_FX

¬

Ì/yM¶qSVU?yMZ_FX

¬

ãMcF¶=

ÍV

iglV

lVTm

7

mi

7

m

¼iÑVÒ

¾

iF ~mi

$mm

-

i

kMlMm°øaMb-X`W¯e _ M^SVU_ñgi¦jMkMlMm°û_UM[XM_¢b/WÔcSM^^_/W]SXpaV^_¢XMSMX Me4UEW¯f UX

ZX/[]_F^]^Sb[2ZtÝ

d

iHjMkMlMm

m

i

7

lªEiÒ

ÒlV

·M

iHjMkMlMm

$iÒ

Ò]lV

i

lMkÁ

i

Í

g

iHjMkMlMm9m

7

m iÒ

ÒlV

¼iÑVÒ

iF $mi

~mm

-

i

ð

_W?\FXpSXpc\/WTWSX[YZXMb)cc_FV[]b+ype_/W$bF^c_Ù/U|_&giX9÷bûb/W²aM_ûeZ_FXó\+nMZ aM_FX/[¡b+n_cTUX

\Fe\F±?_-X/[aM_eb{Wd[2^2U|c+[U^_Hfe÷ZXVtZXVZo[2Ztu

×ÝXSpUM[2^_~e_{n_F^dy_?f~e÷ZXVtZXVZo[2Ztq_+UM[Ý^\FMZ^HWSX&M^SMM^_?cSM±~Me\F±²_FX/[ÿ_FXTgi£SpUUX

\Ù/UZonb-e_FX/[u

ð

÷_/W2[c_»Ù/U|_ e÷SMX¯nSMZo[_FX

¬ ë

bF¶b+n_ce_M^SVU_M^\FS9WZo[2Z SXXM_Fegi

V

i-m

gk

-

i ks

V

iFlMk

iF

lV

mlV

¥

lMkÅÅMi

-

gizÁ

m

iiF

jMkMi

~mk

i

YÂ

jMkMi

7

l

|

mlVi

-9

k

iFMgkMi

mi{gmi

«`Ð

L~NMOEPMQ

glMk

i

mHkVi

i

i m k

|

mlV

i

l

lVªEiFÀgi

¼

iFm

gk

-

i k

¬

i

ÉYlMk

i

EÊ

Á i

F|

i)k

°

ëMËF:

ØbFX/npZ_F^©³´M´MãV¶

(5)

"!$#&%')(+*-,./02134567 198

ð

_[H_å_F±~Me _T±?_+[x_FXz\+npZaM_FXpc_Te_T_+UóaM_TeZ_-XøW2ôVX[]b+åMZ Ù/U|_T_+åpZWd[]bFX[=_FX[2^_²gi _+[UX

b+UM[2^_Y\Fe\F±?_-X/[qaM_Heb~Wd[2^dU|c[U^_{fHe÷ZXVtZXVZo[2ZtÝ/e b¡M^\W_FXpc_{aM_giHXM_{Wr_+åMMeZ Ù/U|_b/W©bF^

erZXVtZXZo[2ZtEXVZMb-^"UX?b+UM[2^_±?SV[aM_Hc_+[[]_HcSMX`W2[2^dU|c+[2ZSMX9u

à

UúcSVU°"SMX&_+UM[W_?aM_F±?bFXpaM_F^HWZwc_+[[]_?b+y|W_FXpc_?a9÷ UX&eZ _FXWdôX/[]båMZÙ/U|_?\+npZaM_FX/[

XM_~W_H^_+[2^SVUMn_F^bFZo[©bWaMb-X`W©[]SpUEWqe_Wq\FXMSMXMc)\/Wq_+[qWZMe _¥giHjMkMlMmEaM_/Wq_+å_F±~Me_W

¬

ÌMbF¶q_+[

¬ Ö

bF¶£_/Wd[YyMZ _FXe_scS±$Me\F±?_FX[$aM_

lVM

_+[Ye_c)S±~Me \F±?_FX[$_/W7W_FX/[2Z_-eZXMaVZ^_c+[$aM_

¼

ÅÅMl

i

u?v¡X¦_+UM[ú_FX _Ftt2_+[øbdØSVUM[]_F^¨WbFX`WúM^SVyMeÛF±²_ÔUX¦c)S±~Me \F±?_FX[z_/WW_FX[2Z_Fe

ZXMaVZ^_c+[f

¬ Ö

bF¶=

M¾M

giHjMkMlMm

¼iF

ÅÅMl

i

c_&Ù/UZ©±?SMX/[2^_&Ù/U|_hgi£jMkMlMmùXprbW7WdU±²_hb/Wxc_+[[]_?t2SXpc+[2ZSMXûbF^=^bFMSM^d[=f

¼

ÅÅMl

i u

×X?c)_HÙ/UZcSXpc_F^Xp_

¬

ÌMbF¶°MiF£XM_{Wb+U^bFZ4[ô+[2^_ZX`W\-^\?

FK

isÁVkVgªEi

gi

¼iF

imoª9iF $iF

Ú

k

ÀF

mik

~z

kª9 $iF

iF

·ÍM

7M

l

+¥è¯··

l

7

jMkMi

ilV ?Á

iûgq¼

î

kVgm

T

gm ~mk

« dÃ¤¯

glV

JML»NMOEPMQ?L

i

lVM

jMk

Mg

i

-

mi

kVm

i

m

F

ÅMlV

EM-

i

M

iKgi&gmÅÅMm

k

F

jMkMmùq¼

F

miF

M?

i Ñ

m

i

? ¼

M7

jMk

Mg£m

F¤&F

m

AÀ

k gq¼

kVgm

i $lMm

gi

-

gm

«

bF^c_Ù/U|_TiFú^_FXnSMZ_&fTebTMâV^b/W_TM^\)c\aM_FX[]_&bFeSM^7WYÙ/U|_Te÷Spy Ø_+[xaM_Te÷\+[]SMXVXM_-±?_FX/[

_/Wd[_+åpMeZcFZo[]\HaMb-X`W©eb{W2UMySM^aMSMXVXM\)_H_FX~jMk

Mgwu

×ÝXSpUM[2^_)°"SMX&_+UM[WrZX/[]_F^]^S_-^¡W2U^Àeb~XMb+[U^_?aM_{gis`XM_?cSMX`W2[2Zo[U|_F^bFZ4[

Ë

ZeEb/WUX

aM\+[]_F^±~ZXMbFX["Me4UM[

[Ù/U|rUXM_M^\-SíW]Zo[2ZSMX?ü

ð _ Ù/UZ£t^bFM_ aMb-X`Wz[]SpUEWúc_Wú_+å_F±$Me_/W°£cr_/Wd[seb¨nb-e_+U^zbF^d[2Zo[2Z4n_§Ù/UZ&Wr_FX

aM\FbF_Vu~×W2[

Ë

c_¢Ù/U|_¢c_ gi¦c)S^^_/WSMXMaV^b-Zo[ób+U gi¢bF^d[2Zo[2Ztwüe£_F^±?_+[[2^bFZo[úaM_

M^\Fe_+n_F^ùUXp_{bF^d[2Z_$aM_~c_{jMkMlMm]u$X&_å_F±~Me _¡[]_FeEÙ/U|_

¬ :

b-¶SpU^]^bFZo[ÀW_{cSM±~M^_-XMaV^_

aM_ebt2bSMXTWdUZ4nbFX[]_?

à

_¨[]SVUEWze_/Wú\Fe \F±?_FX[Wúb+UMåÙ/U|_FeWz^_FX/nSZ _ e _ ±²Sp[sjMkMlMm°?Ze~ô¦_FXñb WdU^

e_/WÙ/U|_FeWqSMX~SVU^^bFZo[qWrZX/[]_F^^S_F^ u

ð

SM±~±?_[]SVUEWùe _/W©±?SV[Wq_FX~jMkMÒ°jMkMlMmEc)S^^_/WSMXMa?_FX?_-tt2_+[f¥UXM_¥nb-^Zb+ype_?/ZeM^_-X/nSMZ_

f UXM_úS`c)c+U^^_FXpc_øXpSX»tZoå\_a9÷UX¯_-X`W_-±{yMe_)°H_+[?ZeÀbF^c)SpU^d[²bFZXWZÀer_FXW_F±{ype_z_FX

Ù/U|_/Wd[2ZSMX9u iYSpU^]^bFZo[SM\F^_F^"UX~M^\FeÛ+n_F±?_FX[ùW2U^©er_FX`W_F±{ype_Hb+U|Ù/U|_FeM^_-X/nSMZ_jMkMlMm]u

éÝ_/Wn_-^dy_/Wx^\FMZWWbFX[e bûWd[2^dU|c+[U^_T_FXsaM_TÙ/U|SMZùWSX[À±?bdØSM^Zo[]b-Z^_F±?_-X/[Àm

¤ú

°

lMm

°

SpUWSMX/[wM^ScFâp_/WqaM_Hc_{W\F±?bFX[2ZW±?_?

d2£Ê

7

m jMkMi

i i

kMm`gk =l

-

l/

lVMgk

ik

gi

F

~mlV

k

lMk

?

i Å lV

gi

+

lMk

F

gi&jMkMlMm

i

~ú

ihgi

lMk

i i

i

ÁVlMkMiMu

¬

iÉ{lMk

i

EÊ

Á i

F|

ik

°

:ÖË

³Mµ¥Ø2UZee_+[w³´M´V³M¶

ZcFZaMbFXW"UXTW_-X`WqcSMXMc-^_+[]°MeZ\Hb+UW\-±?bFX/[2ZW±?_HaM_erbF^]_FX/[ÿ

dM2 ù

m k ªEmi-

gi

~m

F

iF?m

ª ª9iF

?

lMk

k

+

igi¨jMkMlMm

©

iF

iÑ

7

m i

«|¬

iÉ{lMk

i

EÊ

Á i

F|

ik

(6)

"!$#&%')(+*-,./02134567 198

ð

_W¥n_F^dy_WHbc)c_FV[]_FX[=aM_/W=cSM±~Me\F±²_FX/[W=b+n_c{UX&bF^d[2Zo[2ZtÙ/UZwSMÛF^_?\FbFe_-±?_FX/[qUX

M^\FeÛ+n_F±?_FX[ÿ

d·Ã F¤&

gk

m

dÍÃ E

lMk

F

gk

m

dæÃ

ª ª9igk

iF

«

v¡X»_+UM[?^_-±?bF^Ù/U|_F^ Ù/U|_øbF^bFeeÛFe _F±?_FX[]°ZeH_+åpZWd[]_UXbF^baVZM±?_zb+n_cûgiú_+[²aM_/W

M^SXpS±£W=

dçÃ F¤&

gi

lMk

m m«

dMì2Ã F¤&

gi

«

ð

:-ëMë

³ ¬ :

ãMäV¶HaV^_/WW_

d

i i $i

À

m

Àg

$iF

mxÁVmiFgijMkMlMm

¬

_+åíu[2Z^\aM_K×ÝXVMe_y_F^d[

:-ëMë

³s

: ³ Ö ¶

_+[?e_/W£M^SMXMSM±TW

_+[

lMk

°Hc_úÙ/UZe÷bF±?Û-XM_fúcFeb/WW_F^ c_ giúbF^±~Z=e_/W?bF^2[2Zo[2ZtW

cS±$bF^b+[2ZtW

¬

:-ëMë

³s

:

³´V¶°9SVU^ùe _/WÙ/U|_FeWbY\+[]\Yb+nb-XMc\_He÷bFM_Fee b+[2ZSMXTa9÷Þ?bF^d[2Z cFe_ß

¬Ã

ÁVmgi- ?°"Eu

:

¬ :

à

÷bUM[2^_/Wxb+UM[]_+U^7WÀbF^]e_FX/[ÿaM_~bF^d[2Zo[2Zt2°

_FXM^\c-ZWbFX[=bF^t2SMZWYÙ/Uw÷ZeW÷bFMZo[xa9÷UXzbF^d[2Zc-e_&SpUóa9÷UXû±²S^MâpÛF±?_&W÷\+[]bFX/[¥\FeSMZMXM\

aM_ WSMX§Wd[]b+[UM[?M^\FSíW]Zo[2ZSMXVXp_FeuÔZe±?_+[]°Hc)SXWd[]b+[]bFX[?er_+åpZWd[]_FXpc_aMr\FXpSXpc\/W~[]_Fe=Ù/U|_

¬ :

bF¶°?\+nS`Ù/U|_¨Þ$erbF^d[2ZcFe _ógiHß

¬

³´M´Mã

:

ÌV¶ uHê{SMea`W]±~Zo[2âõ_+[TáwZXMâMbF± M^SMSíW_FX/[

aMrb-M_Fe_F^Yc_[[]_ûWd[2^dU|c+[U^_TÞ~eb&cSMX`W2[2^dU|c+[2ZSMXbF^d[2Z4[2Zon_ß

¬

:-ë`Ö

äû³ÌVµM¶u iW_-^bFZo[=eb

Þ~9W_+U|aMS

Ë

M^\-SíW]Zo[2ZSMX&¸7¹»ºTÙ/UZEØSVU|_ûUX^

¬

³Ì

¶uéÝ_/W$b+UM[]_U^7W$SMS9W_FX[Yc_[[]_ W2[2^dU|c+[U^_fKe bKÞ?c)SXWd[2^dU|c+[2Z SXz^_Fe b+[2Zon_&eZoyp^_ß

¬

³ÌMãV¶"[]_Fee_HÙ/U|_

¬

µM¶=

æ¾

k

giHjMkMm

iFm

«

×X»^_+nbFXMcFâp_°¥ZeW~[2^SVUMn_FX[?cSM±~bF^b+yMe_W£aM_/W£\FXMSMXMc)\/W~[]_FeW£Ù/U|_Þ{×Ýee_zbzaM_zÙ/U|SZ

[]_Fee_/WÿÙ/U|_{Þ{×Ýee_{Xprb{b/WH¸_ºaM_{eZ4nM^_/Wÿf{eZ^_ß

¬

³ÌVµM¶±F±?_hW]Z9Þ~e_{^

e_?W\F±?b-X/[2ZÙ/U|_

SpU^$c_T[ôV_aM_Wd[2^dU|c+[U^_°ùeb&M^SVåMZ±~Z4[]\ûaM_Tgibn_cTUXzbF^d[2Zo[2Zt

¬

:-ë`ÖMÖ

"³´

Ö

¶Y_+[

M^\Ft2ÛF^_bF^e_F^$SpU^?c)_KgizaMrUXÞ~±²S^MâpÛF±?_ß

¬

:-ë`ÖMÖ

"³´

Ö

¶SpU^YeoUZ°ùe b nbFe_+U^

M^\FS9WZo[2ZSMXVXp_Fee_HaM_Hc)_¥giY_/Wd[E[2^Û/WÚb+[[]\FX/U|\)_?

Þ~eb¡nbFe_+U^ÀW\-±?bFX/[2Z Ù/U|_{aM_HebHM^\FS9WZo[2ZSMX£aM_+nMZ _FX/[w[]_Fee_F±²_FX/[±~ZXMc)_{Ù/U|_~Wb

t2SXpc+[2ZSMX M^\-SíW]Zo[2ZSMXVXM_-ee_È_/W2[ÔÙ/U|b/WZ±?_FX/[ó^\a/UZo[]_¦f \F^S?ß

¬

á"Z _F^^bF^aM°

:-ë`ÖMÖ

/³´

Ö ¶

Þ~eb nb-e_+U^ cSMX7ØSXpc+[2Zon_ aM_ jMkMlMmÄ_/W2[ cSMX`Wd[]b-±~±?_FX[ ±?_FXMb)c\_ aM_

¬Ã

(7)

"!$#&%')(+*-,./02134567 198

à

SMXMc° c_Ægiî°ÈÙ/U|_Fee_W Ù/U|_ WSMZ_FX[ e _/W bFXpbFeoôW_/W° Wr\FeSMZMXM_F^bFZo[ aMrUX Wd[]b+[UM[

M^\FS9WZo[2ZSMXVXp_FeH_[~SVU^^bFZ4[~± -±?_°¡W_FeSMX»c_F^d[]b-ZX`W£b+UM[]_U^7W°HWrbFXMb-eoôW_F^£cSM±~±?_ûUX

bF^d[2ZcFe _Vu

áSpU^&nSMZ^zWrZeY_/W2[£SíWWZoype_aMr_Ftt2_c+[U|_F^TUX»[]_FeH^bFMM^ScFâp_F±?_FX[]°¡ZeHt2bUM[ûWb+nSMZ^

Ë [ Ë

ZeMUX£cSM±~Me\F±?_-X/[qc)S±~b-^b+yMe _{f

gi

m

-

i aMb-X`W=

d

i²q¼ÀM

iTgi

m

F

i

=è

m i ¬

³ÌVµM¶u

SpU f¥gi

m lV

SpU?

|

m

F

iYaMbFXW=

d

g

Ã

¤&qM

gi

7

m lV

gi

m

i

7

lªEi

«

d

i

ÃF¤&

|

m

F

i

è?©

m

i

lªEi

b+n_c)°9_FX

¬ :

_F¶°MUXTb-^d[2ZcFe_ \F^STü

ð

÷_Wd[qc)_{Ù/U|_~WdUMÛF^_FX/[Úê{SMea`W±$Zo[2â£_+["áwZXMâMbF± _FX

¬ :

bF¶ÀaM_Ye_+U^À_+å_F±~Me_

¬

:Ö

¶uMþ¦c_+[Ý_Ftt2_[]°íZeE_/Wd[

ZX/[]\F^_/W7WbFX/[KaM_ t2bFZ^_øUX§aM\+[]SVU^&bF^&e_t^b-X bFZWa/UñýxU|\+y_cÙ/UZUM[2ZeZW_øgijMkMlMm

cS±$±?_HcSM±~Me\F±?_-X/[aMrUX{n_F^2y_

¬

cFtuéÝbF^^]Zon\_

:-ëMë

¶=

d V

iTgm

jMkMi

¼i

+

ik

ikÑûjMkMi

i

Y

i gi

ml

iF

i

miF

Å m

g

mi

¼

|

iF

mlV

k

jMkMi

mÅMi

-

&

ª i

mÅ

ÀÀ

k

jMkMi

k

ikÑjMkMm

-

miF

ù-7

m $iF

JML&NMOEPMQ

è

gm

i-

ikÑûjMkMmqlV

kViTiÑ

i

-

m i

lMk

g

lV

i

À

$lVMgm

m

7|

mlV?gi

MF-

·óÊ

»i

+ÿû

k

ª

M

m

lMk

TF

i i

JMLsNMOPMQ è

ªEi

i

iF

i

iF

ÝkV

F

m ihgi

F

i

F

ikMm

©

¼i

-

Á

7

jMk

gi

F

©

i

FMM

i i ¼ m

Å

7MÀ

u ¬

Ë

»bW7WSMXV¶

ð

_WWd[2^2U|c+[U^_/Ws^bFM_Fee _FX/[&ypZ_FX¢W ^saM_/Ws_+å_-±~Me_/W&[]_FeWsÙ/U|_

¬ :

bF¶±?bFZWs_Fee_/Ws_FX

aVZtt2ÛF^_FX[YbF^c_sÙ/U|_KgijMkMlMmH_Wd[?WdUZ4nMZÀaM_&eb&M^\FS9WZo[2ZSMX

è

°cSMX/[2^b-Z^_F±?_-X/[Yf&XMS9W

_+å_F±$Me_/Wu9éÝbF^^]Zon\_

:-ëMë

M^\)cFZW_&Ù/U|_hgi&jMkMlMmÝ_/W2[Àe_hÞ²cS^]^_/WSMXMaMb-X/[=Ù/U|\+y\cSMZW

aM_¡jMkMi

jMkMi

-

l

iHß9uéÝ_/WÝ\FXMSMXMc\W

¬

:-ë bF¶q_+[

¬

e÷b-ZaM_HaM_jMkMi

jMkMi

-

l i£

d Á

~

ikÑ~jMkMm

F

miF

`F

m $iF

jMkMi

F

l i è gm

i

·

Á

?Ê

£i

-M

k~

ª

M

m

lMk

ÝF

i i jMkMi

jMkMi

-

l i è

ªEi

à

bFXW=c_/W=\FXpSXpc\/W°eb~M^\FS9WZ4[2ZSX

è

_F^±²_+[ÝaM_~cSM±~M^_FXpaV^_~Ù/U|_{e÷ZXtZXVZ4[2ZtW_{^_FeZ_

b+U£M^SXpS±¢ZXMaM\FtZXZu

áSpU^xS\-^_F^e bh± F±²_TbFXpbFeoôW_£b+n_c~giTjMkMlMm°"Ze"t2b+U|aV^bFZo[UXp_hM^\FS9WZ4[2ZSX_-X/[2^_

giTjMkMlMmÝ_+[Àe÷ZXVtZXVZo[2ZtuEvH^°"Ze_/Wd[ÿZ±~S9W7WZ4yMe_?aMrbdØSVUM[]_F^UXM_~M^\FS9WZ4[2ZSX_-Xz}t^bFX )bFZW

aM_E^bFXpc_V} Ve r\-XMSMXMc\Xpr_Wd[EnbFe b+yMe_HÙ/U|_{WbFX`WM^\FS9WZo[2ZSMX

·?Ê

£i

+

k²

ª

M

m

lMk

F

i i

giHjMkMlMm`

ªEi

bFeSM^7W?Ù/Uw÷b+n_)cKUX¨W2ôVX[]bFM±?_ûXpS±$ZXMbFeq[]_FeÙ/U|_Tgi

m

-

i

gi

?7

m lV

Ý

|

m

F

i°ùeb

M^\FS9WZo[2ZSMX»_/W2[~ZXpaVZW_-X`WbyMe_SVU^hZX/[2^Sa/UZ^_e÷ZXVtZXVZo[2Ztu eÀ_/W2[$aMSXpcaVZttZc-Ze_aM_

^bFMM^ScFâM_-^qc_¥[ô_Ha9÷_+å_F±~Me_HaM_Wq\FXMSMXMc)\/W

¬

¶°

¬

aV¶q_+[

¬

_-¶u