ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻟا ﺚﺤﺒﻟاو ﻲﻟﺎﻌﻟا ﻢﯿﻠﻌﺘﻟا ةرازو
ةﺮﻜﺴﺑ ﺮﻀﯿﺧ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﺔﻌﻣﺎﺟ
ﺔﯿﺳﺎﯿﺴﻟا مﻮﻠﻌﻟاو قﻮﻘﺤﻟا ﺔﯿﻠﻛ
قﻮﻘﺤﻟا ﻢﺴﻗ
ﻤﺤﻟا ـــ
ﻨﺠﻟا ﺔﯾﺎ ــــ
ﺌﯿﺒﻠﻟ ﺔﯿﺋﺎ ـــ
ﺔ
ﺔﻌﯾﺮﺸﻟا ﻦﯿﺑ ﺔﻧرﺎﻘﻣ ﺔﺳارد ﺔﯿﻣﻼﺳﻹا
ﻲﻌﺿﻮﻟا نﻮﻧﺎﻘﻟاو
ﻲﺋﺎﻨﺟ نﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﺺﺼﺨﺗ قﻮﻘﺤﻟا ﻲﻓ مﻮﻠﻋ هارﻮﺘﻛد ةدﺎﮭﺷ ﻞﯿﻨﻟ ﺔﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﺔﺣوﺮطأ
ﺐﻟﺎﻄﻟا داﺪﻋإ ﻦﻣ
:
فاﺮﺷإ ﺖﺤﺗ :
ﺦـــﺳﻮﻤﻟ ﺪــــــــــــــــﻤﺤﻣ
ﻤﻋ رﻮﺘﻛﺪﻟا ـــــ
ﺣﺮﻓ ﺮ ــــ ﻲﺗﺎ
ةﺬﺗﺎﺳﻷا ةدﺎﺴﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺔﻧﻮﻜﺘﻤﻟا ﺔﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤﻟا ﺔﻨﺠﻟ مﺎﻣأ :
د . ــــــــــــﺤﻣ ذﺎﺘﺳأ يرﺰـــــــــﻋ ﻦـــــــــﯾﺰﻟا ﺔﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﺮﺿﺎـ
ﺎﺴﯿــــــــــــــﺋر ةﺮــــــﻜﺴﺑ
د . ةﺮــــــﻜﺴﺑ ﺔﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﺮﺿﺎـــــــــــــﺤﻣ ذﺎﺘﺳأ ﻲﺗﺎـــــﺣﺮﻓ ﺮـــــــــــﻤﻋ
ﺎﻓﺮﺸﻣو ارﺮﻘﻣ
د . ﺔﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﺮﺿﺎـــــــــــــﺤﻣ ذﺎﺘﺳأ ﻲﺸـــــــﯾﺮﻗ ﺪــــــــﻤﺤﻣ
ﺎــــــــــﻨﺤﺘﻤﻣ ﺔــــــــﻠﻗرو
د . ةﺮﺿﺎـــــــــﺤﻣ ة ذﺎﺘﺳأ ﺔﯾرﻮــــــــﺣ ﺐﮭــــــــﺸﻟ
ﺔﻌﻣﺎﺟ
ﺎــــــــــﻨﺤﺘﻤﻣ ةﺮــــــﻜﺴﺑ
د . ﺔﻌﻣﺎﺟ ةﺮﺿﺎـــــــــﺤﻣ ة ذﺎﺘﺳأ بﺎـــــــــﺣر ﺔﯾدﺎــــــــﺷ
ﻤﻣ ﺔﻨﺗﺎـــــــﺑ ﺎــــــــــﻨﺤﺘ
ﺔﯿﻌﻣﺎﺠﻟا ﺔﻨﺴﻟا :
2008 /
2009
ﺔﯾﻵا
ةرﻮﺳ ﻦﻣ 41
موﺮﻟا
ﻜﺷ ــ
ﻋو ﺮـــ ــــ
ﺮـ نﺎﻓ
ﻞﺿﺎﻔﻟا ﺎﻧذﺎﺘﺳأ ﻰﻟإ نﺎﻓﺮﻌﻟاو ﺮﯾﺪﻘﺘﻟاو ﺮﻜﺸﻟا تارﺎﺒﻋ ﻰﻤﺳﺄﺑ مﺪﻘﺗأ ﻞﻤﻌﻟا اﺬھ ﺲﺳأ ﻊﺿو يﺬﻟا ،ﷲ ﮫﻤﺣر هﺪﺤﻣ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ رﻮﺘﻛﺪﻟا ذﺎﺘﺳﻷا نﻷو ،ﻰﻠﻋﻷا ﻖﯿﻓﺮﻟا ﻰﻟإ ﻞﻘﺘﻨﯾ نأ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻼﻣﺎﻜﺘﻣ هاﺮﯾ نأ ﻰﻨﻤﺗو ،ﺎھدر ﻦﻋ لﺎﻌﻓﻷا ﺰﺠﻌﺗ و ﺎھﺪﻋ ﻦﻋ تﺎﻤﻠﻜﻟا ﺰﺠﻌﺗ ﺎﻨﯿﻠﻋ ﮫﻠﺋﺎﻀﻓ ﻠﻋ ﺔﻤﺣر ﻒﻟﺄﻓ ﺎﻧؤﺎﻋدو ،ﮫﯿ
"
ﺪﻠﺨﻟا ﺔﻨﺟ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺑر ﮫﻠﻌﺟا نأ
ﻰﻠﻋﻷا سودﺮﻔﻟاو ."
ﺎﻨﺘﻣا قﺪﺻأو يﺮﻜﺷ ﺺﻟﺎﺧ ﮫﺟوأ ﺎﻤﻛ ﻧ
ﻲ رﻮﺘﻛﺪﻠﻟ ﺮﻤﻋ
ﻲﺗﺎﺣﺮﻓ
ﻰﻠﻋ ﮫﻟ اﺮﻜﺸﻓ ،ﮫﯿﻓ راﺮﻤﺘﺳﻻاو ﻞﻤﻌﻟا اﺬھ ﻰﻠﻋ فاﺮﺷﻹا ﻞﺒﻗ يﺬﻟا اﺬھ ءﺎﻄﺧأ ﺢﯿﺤﺼﺗ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻲﻨﻀﻤﻟا هﺮﮭﺳو ﮫﺘﻌﺟاﺮﻣو ﮫﮭﯿﺟﻮﺗ ﻦﺴﺣ رﺪﻟا هﺬھ تﺎﯾﻮﺘﺤﻤﻟ ﮫﺋاﺮﺛإو ،ﻞﻤﻌﻟا هاﺮﯾ ﺎﻤﺑ ﮫﺗﺮﺒﺧ ﻦﻣ ﺔﺳا
ﺎﺒﺳﺎﻨﻣ .
ﺔﻟﺎﺳﺮﻟا هﺬﮭﻟ ﻢﮭﺘﻌﺟاﺮﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤﻟا ﺔﻨﺠﻟ ءﺎﻀﻋأ ﻞﻛ ﺮﻜﺸﻧ ﺎﻤﻛ قﺎﺸﻣ ﻦﻣ ﺎﮭﺘﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤﺑو ﺎﮭﺑ ﻖﻠﻌﺗ ﺎﻣ ﻞﻛ ﻢﮭﻠﻤﺤﺗو ،ﺎھرﺎﻜﻓأ ﺐﯾﻮﺼﺗو .
ﺦﺳﻮﻤﻟ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ
ءاﺪـــــــھﻹا
ﻦﯿﻤﯾﺮﻜﻟا يﺪـــــــﻟاو ﻰﻟإ ...
ﻲﺗاﻮـﺧأو ﻲﺗﻮـــــﺧإ ﻰﻟإ ...
ﺎــــﻐﻟا ﻲﺘــــﺟوز ﻰﻟإ ﺔﯿﻟ
...
ءﺎﻗﺪـــــﺻﻷا ﻞـــــﻛ ﻰﻟإ ...
ﺎﻓﺮﺣ ﻲﻨﻤﻠﻋ ﻦﻣ ﻞﻛ ﻰﻟإ ...
...
ﻞﻤﻌﻟا اﺬھ يﺪھأ
ﺐﻟﺎﻄﻟا
: ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﺦﺳﻮﻤﻟ
ﻞﺼﻔﻟا يﺪﯿﮭﻤﺘﻟا
ﺔﺌﯿﺒﻟا ﺔﯾﺎﻤﺤﻟ ﻲﺨﯾرﺎﺘﻟا رﻮﻄﺘﻟا
لوﻷا ﺚﺤﺒﻤﻟا :
ﺔﻤﯾﺪﻘﻟا رﻮﺼﻌﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺔﺌﯿﺒﻟا ﺔﯾﺎﻤﺣ
ﺚﺤﺒﻤﻟا ﻲﻧﺎﺜﻟا
: ﺒﻟا ﺔﯾﺎﻤﺣ ﺔﺜﯾﺪﺤﻟا ﺔﯿﻌﺿﻮﻟا ﻦﯿﻧاﻮﻘﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺔﺌﯿ
ﺔﻣﺪـــــﻘﻣ
ﺔﻤﺗﺎــــــﺨﻟا
ﻊﺟاﺮﻤﻟا ﺔﻤﺋﺎــﻗ
سﺮـــــﮭﻔﻟا
بﺎﺒﻟا لوﻷا
نﻮﻧﺎﻘﻟاو ﺔﯿﻣﻼﺳﻹا ﺔﻌﯾﺮﺸﻟا ﻦﯿﺑ ﺔﺌﯿﺒﻠﻟ ﺔﯿﺋﺎﻨﺠﻟا ﺔﯾﺎﻤﺤﻟا قﺎﻄﻧ ﻲﻌﺿﻮﻟا
ﻞ ﺼﻔﻟا لوﻷا
: ﺔﯿﻣﻼ ﺳﻹا ﺔﻌﯾﺮ ﺸﻟا ﻲ ﻓ ﺔ ﺌﯿﺒﻠﻟ ﺔ ﯿﺋﺎﻨﺠﻟا ﺔ ﯾﺎﻤﺤﻟا ﻲﻤﯿھﺎ ﻔﻤﻟا رﺎ طﻹا
ﻲﻌﺿﻮﻟا نﻮﻧﺎﻘﻟاو
ﻲﻧﺎ ﺜﻟا ﻞ ﺼﻔﻟا :
ﺲ ﺳأ و
نﻮﻧﺎ ﻘﻟاو ﺔﯿﻣﻼ ﺳﻹا ﺔﻌﯾﺮ ﺸﻟا ﻦﯿ ﺑ ﺔ ﺌﯿﺒﻟا ﺔ ﯾﺎﻤﺣ ئدﺎ ﺒﻣ
ﻲﻌﺿﻮﻟا
بﺎﺒﻟا ﻟا
ﻲﻧﺎﺜ
نﻮﻧﺎﻘﻟاو ﺔﯿﻣﻼﺳﻹا ﺔﻌﯾﺮﺸﻟا ﻦﯿﺑ ﺔﺌﯿﺒﻟا ﻢﺋاﺮﺠﻟ ﺔﯿﻋﻮﺿﻮﻤﻟا مﺎﻜﺣﻷا ﻲﻌﺿﻮﻟا
ﻞﺼﻔﻟا لوﻷا
: ﻲﻌﺿﻮﻟا نﻮﻧﺎﻘﻟاو ﺔﯿﻣﻼﺳﻹا ﺔﻌﯾﺮﺸﻟا ﻦﯿﺑ ﺔﺌﯿﺒﻟا ﻢﺋاﺮﺟ نﺎﻛرأ
ﻲﻧﺎﺜﻟا ﻞﺼﻔﻟا :
ﺔﻌﯾﺮ ﺸﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺔﺌﯿﺒﻟا ﻢﺋاﺮﺟ ﻲﻓ ةرﺮﻘﻤﻟا تﺎﺑﻮﻘﻌﻟاو ﺔﯿﺋﺎﻨﺠﻟا ﺔﯿﻟوﺆﺴﻤﻟا
نﻮﻧﺎﻘﻟاو
بﺎﺒﻟا ﺚﻟﺎﺜﻟا
ﺔﺌﯿﺒﻟا ﺚﯾﻮﻠﺗ ﻢﺋاﺮﺠﻟ ﺔﯿﺋاﺮﺟﻹا ﺐﻧاﻮﺠﻟا
ﻞﺼﻔﻟا لوﻷا
: ﺔﺌﯿﺒﻟا ﻢﺋاﺮﺟ ﻲﻓ ﺔﯿﺋﺎﻀﻘﻟا ﺔﯿﻄﺒﻀﻟا قﺎﻄﻧ
ﻲﻧﺎﺜﻟا ﻞﺼﻔﻟا :
ﺔﺌﯿﺒﻟا ﺔﯾﺎﻤﺣ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻟوﺪﻟاو ﻲﻨطﻮﻟا نوﺎﻌﺘﻟا
Abstract:
The protection of environment is based, in both Islamic law and in penal law, on the necessity of supporting penal protection; in addition to administrative and civil protection. This penal protection is characterized by some large and flexible rules of law; and wide notion of criminality in the matter, In addition to the moral aspect. This will lead to a wide penal responsibility which is founded on the personal penalty principle.
However, the environment crimes are not traditional because of the large meaning of responsibility of the moral person and the responsibility for others' actions.
Many legislations have imposed different penalties:
some of them are concerned with reducing liberties (jailing) in addition to financial penalties and some of them are of the security order.
This protection will not achieve its objectives without juridical control exerted by agents well trained by specialists in the matter. Those specialists must also participate in supporting that protection.
In the end the national and world cooperation becomes necessary to achieve an efficient protection to the environment.
ﺔﯿﺑﺮﻌﻟا ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺎﺑ ﺺﺨﻠﻣ :
ﺔ ﯾﺎﻤﺤﻟا ﺰ ﯾﺰﻌﺗ ةروﺮﺿ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻲﻌﺿﻮﻟا نﻮﻧﺎﻘﻟاو ﺔﯿﻣﻼﺳﻹا ﺔﻌﯾﺮﺸﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺔﺌﯿﺒﻟا ﺔﯾﺎﻤﺣ مﻮﻘﺗ
ﺔﯿﻧﺪﻤﻟاو ﺔﯾرادﻹا ﺔﯾﺎﻤﺤﻟا ﻰﻟإ ﺔﻓﺎﺿﻹﺎﺑ ﺔﯿﺋﺎﻨﺠﻟا .
ﺔ ﻧﺮﻣ صﻮ ﺼﻨﺑ ﺔ ﺌﯿﺒﻠﻟ ﺔ ﯿﺋﺎﻨﺠﻟا ﺔ ﯾﺎﻤﺤﻟا ﺰ ﯿﻤﺘﺗو ﻰ ﻟإ ﺔﻓﺎ ﺿﻹﺎﺑ ﺎﮭﺘﻏﺎﯿ ﺻ ﻲ ﻓ ﺔﻌ ﺳاوو
ﻲﻣاﺮﺟﻹا ﻞﻌﻔﻠﻟ يدﺎﻤﻟا طﺎﺸﻨﻟا ﻲﻓ ﻊﺳﻮﺘﻟا
، ﺬ ﺧﻷ ﺔ ﺠﯿﺘﻧ ﺎ ﮭﯿﻓ يﻮ ﻨﻌﻤﻟا ﻦﻛﺮ ﻟا ﻒﻌﻀﺑ ﺰﯿﻤﺘﺗ ﺎﻤﻛ
ﺔﯿﺋﺎﻨﺠﻟا ﺔﯿﻟوﺆﺴﻤﻟا ﻖﻘﺤﺗ ﻲﻓ ﺄﻄﺨﻟاو لﺎﻤھﻹﺎﺑ .
ﺔ ﺑﻮﻘﻌﻟا ﺔﯿ ﺼﺨﺷ أﺪ ﺒﻣ ﻰ ﻠﻋ مﻮ ﻘﺗ ﻲ ﺘﻟاو ﺔ ﯿﺋﺎﻨﺠﻟا ﺔﯿﻟوﺆﺴﻤﻟا ﻲﻓ ﻊﺳﻮﺘﻟا ﮫﯿﻠﻋ ﺐﺗﺮﺘﯾ ﺎﻤﻣ
،
ا ﻢﺋاﺮ ﺟ نأ ﺮ ﯿﻔﻏ تﺎ ﺑﻮﻘﻌﻟا نﻮﻧﺎ ﻘﻟا ﻲ ﻓ ﺔ ﻣﺎﻌﻟا ﺪ ﻋاﻮﻘﻟا ﻦ ﻋ ﺎ ﺟوﺮﺧو ﺔ ﺌﯿﺒﻟ
، ﺬ ﺧﻷا ﻲ ﻓ ﺖﻌ ﺳﻮﺗ
ﺮﯿﻐﻟا ﻞﻌﻓ ﻦﻋ ﺔﯿﻟوﺆﺴﻤﻟاو يﻮﻨﻌﻤﻟا ﺺﺨﺸﻟا ﺔﯿﻟوﺆﺴﻤﺑ .
تﺎ ﺑﻮﻘﻌﻟا ﻲ ﻓ ﺖ ﻠﺜﻤﺗ ﺔ ﯿﺋاﺰﺟ تﺎ ﺑﻮﻘﻋ ﺔ ﺌﯿﺒﻟﺎﺑ ﺔ ﻘﻠﻌﺘﻤﻟا تﺎﻌﯾﺮ ﺸﺘﻟا ﺐ ﻠﻏا ﺖﻌ ﺿو ﺎ ﻤﻛ
ﺔﯿﻨﻣﻷاو ﺔﯾزاﺮﺘﺣﻻا ﺮﯿﺑاﺪﺘﻟا ﺔﻓﺎﺿﻹﺎﺑ ﺔﻣاﺮﻐﻟاو ﺔﯾﺮﺤﻠﻟ ﺔﺒﻟﺎﺴﻟا .
ﻠﻄﺘﺗو ﺔﯿﻄﺒﻀﻟا ءﺎﻄﻋإ لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﺔﯿﺋاﺰﺠﻟا تاءاﺮﺟﻹا ﺰﯾﺰﻌﺗ ةروﺮﺿ ﺔﯿﺋﺎﻨﺠﻟا ﺔﯾﺎﻤﺤﻟا ﺐ
ﺰ ﯿﻤﺘﻤﻟاو ﺺﺘ ﺨﻤﻟا ﻦﯾﻮ ﻜﺘﻟا ةروﺮﺿ ﻰﻟإ ﺔﻓﺎﺿﻹﺎﺑ ىﺮﺧأ تﺎﯿﺣﻼﺻ ﺔﯿﺋﺎﻀﻘﻟا
، ﺔﻧﺎﻌﺘ ﺳﻻا اﺬ ﻛو
ﺔﺌﯿﺒﻟا ﺔﯾﺎﻤﺣ لﺎﺠﻣ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺼﺘﺨﻤﻟا تﺎﮭﺠﻟﺎﺑ .
ﻤﻟا ﺔ ﯿﻨطﻮﻟا تﺎ ﺌﯿﮭﻟا ﻦﯿ ﺑ نوﺎ ﻌﺘﻟﺎﺑ ﻻإ ﺔ ﯾﺎﻤﺤﻟا هﺬ ھ ﺔ ﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﻖ ﻘﺤﺘﺗ ﻻو ﺔ ﯿﻠﺤﻤﻟاو ﺔ ﯾﺰﻛﺮ
لﺎﺠﻤﻟا اﺬھ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻟوﺪﻟا نوﺎﻌﺘﻟاو .
