HAL Id: hal-01352800
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01352800
Submitted on 9 Aug 2016
HAL
is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- entific research documents, whether they are pub- lished or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.
L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire
HAL, estdestinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.
Voices from far away: Bashkardi material at the Ancient India and Iran Trust
Agnes Korn
To cite this version:
Agnes Korn. Voices from far away: Bashkardi material at the Ancient India and Iran
Trust. INDIRAN: Newsletter of the Ancient India and Iran Trust, AIIT, 2015, 10, 4-5 ;
https://indiairantrust.files.wordpress.com/2015/07/indiran10forwebsite.pdf. �hal-01352800�
!"#"$"!"%"&"#
I n t h i s i s s u e :
E d i t o r ’s Letter:News from the Trust. B o d h i s atta vs the Big Stick, Charles Li. Voices from Far Away : the Tru s t ’s B a s h k a rdi Mat e r i a l ,Agnes Korn.From our Visiting Sch o l a rs, Anton Zyko v, Remo Reginold and Majid Sheikh. M e e t our Honora ry Fe l l ow : P ro fessor Anna Dallapiccola in conversation with Richard Blurton. Recent Events and Vi s i t o rs, C a m e ron Pe t r i e, Nicholas Sims-Wi l l i a m s, Jo Salisbury, Ursula Sims-Wi l l i a m s. From the Custodian, James Corm i ck.
Issue 10: Summer 2015
T h e n e w s l e t t e r o f t h e A n c i e n t I n d i a a n d I r a n T r u s t
!"#$%&'()*+,)-./'0)1.*2)3%4!"#$#%&'(")##*&'+),+-$("&.(/0#)##*
2
- I N D I R A N, t h e n e w s l e t t e r o f t h e A n c i e n t I n d i a & I r a n T r u s t 1(/2#3(&$#&$"(&$(4$"&(56$6#4�&51./-)17$"(&4(8-/($$()�&$"(&9426(4$&:456+&+45&:)+4
;)<-$=
:4&$"6-&6--<(&8(&)(>#)$&-#3(�&#<) )(2(4$&(?(4$-7&642/<564@&$"(
-(2#45&9//2"64&AB3>#-6<3 A#<$"&9-6+4&9)2"+(#/#@B7&#<) 8#)C-"#>&D'+2$)6+&+45&$"(
;)+4-6$6#4&$#&:-/+3E&+45&?6-6$- 0)#3&$"(&F*G(C&93G+--+5#)7 2<)+$#)-&0)#3&$"(&')6$6-"
H<-(<3E-&:4$()4+$6#4+/
;)+6464@&!)#@)+33(&+45&+
06/3&2)(8&0)#3&H+/+B-6+=&
1(&+)(&5(/6@"$(5&$#&"+?(&64
$"6-&(56$6#4&+&->(26+/&64$()?6(8 86$"&944+&.+//+>622#/+7(�
#<)&56-$64@<6-"(5&I#4#)+)B
J(//#8-=&&A"(&6-&64&2#4?()-+$6#4&86$"&K62"+)5 '/<)$#4�&$"(&')6$6-"&H<-(<3=&&9/-#7&9@4(- L#)4&8)6$(-&+G#<$&"()&+$$(3>$-&$#&64$()>)($
+45&)(2#4-$)<2$&'+-"C+)56&&56+/(2$-&<-64@
$"(&<46M<(&3+$()6+/&"(/5&+$&$"(&;)<-$=&945 N"+)/(-&O6&P#>>#-6$(Q&8)6$(-&+G#<$&3+C64@
"6-&06/3&D'#5"6-+$$+&+45&$"(&'6@&A$62CE&P>+)$
#0&8"62"&8+-&06/3(5&+$&$"(&;)<-$Q&86$"
H+)@+)($&N#4(=&&
;"6-&B(+)E-&-()6(-�&/(2$<)(-&"+?(&0#2<-(5
#4&:)+4&64&O+$(&94$6M<6$B7&N(4$)+/&9-6+&+45 3#-$&)(2(4$/B7&:456+=&&&;"(&J)6(45-�&$"(
;)<-$&2#4$64<(&$#&G(&+2$6?(&+45&"+?(
(4,#B(5&+&-2)((464@�&R-*$"()&A>S$E-&06/3
#4&$"(&T+*656&PR*656Q7&DJ#//#864@&$"(
!(+2#2CE7&+45&->(26+/&/(2$<)(-&GB&9::;&N"+6) U62"#/+-&A63-V16//6+3-&"6-&)(-(+)2"&64$#
A#@56+4&/+4@<+@(&+45&/6$()+$<)(&+45&GB
;)<-$((&A+3&O6(<7&8"#&<-(5&+)2"+(#/#@62+/
064564@-&0)#3&/+-$&2(4$<)B&$#&$(//&$"(&-$#)6(-
#0&!+/3B)+&+45&.<)+&R<)#>#-7&$8#&-#V2+//(5 D2+)+?+4&26$6(-E&4#8&64&8+)V$#)4&AB)6+=&1(
+)(&>/+4464@&-#3(&63>)#?(3(4$-&$#&#<) /(2$<)(&)##3&P-((&#>>#-6$(&0#)&5($+6/-Q=
>"#$#%&!+</+&9//2"64
$"(&<42()$+64&8(+$"()&2#456$#4-&$#&+$$(45=
R+)/6()&$"6-&B(+)7&8#)C&G(@+4 63>)#?(3(4$-&$#&$"(&@+)5(4&+45 )(-$#)+$6#4�&$"(&/+84&+45&-")<GG()B7
$"+4C-&$#&/+-$&B(+)E-&@(4()#<-&5#4+$6#4 0)#3&$"(&U(6/&L)(6$3+4&J#<45+$6#4=
;"6-&B(+)7&0#)&$"(&06)-$&$63(&$"(&;)<-$
-<>>#)$(5&$"(&AB3>#-6+&:)+462+&P"(/5&+$
.#8464@&N#//(@(7&N+3G)65@(&64&9>)6/Q&GB +8+)564@&+&>)6*(&0#)&$"(&G(-$&>+>()&>)(V :-/+362&:)+4=&&:$&8+-&8#4&GB&9/(C-+45() R4@(-C+<@&0)#3&'()@(4&0#)&"6-&>+>() W6//+@(-&+45&K<)+/&A($$/(3(4$-&64&$"(
:3>()6+/&R2#4#3B�&A+-+46+4&!()-6+=
1(&+)(&5(/6@"$(5&$#&+44#<42(&$"+$&$"6- B(+)E-&I+)#/5&'+6/(B&H(3#)6+/&O(2$<)(&86//
G(&"(/5&XX$"&.(2(3G()&+$&$"(&J+2</$B� 9-6+4&+45&H655/(&R+-$()4&A$<56(-7
N+3G)65@(=&;"(&56-$64@<6-"(5&"6-$#)6+4&+45 ->(26+/6-$&64&$"(&"6-$#)B�&$"(&+426(4$&U(+) R+-$7&!)#0(--#)&93(/6(&L<")$7&"+-&C645/B
+22(>$(5&#<)&64?6$+$6#4&$#&5(/6?()&$"(
/(2$<)(7&$"(&$6$/(�&8"62"&86//&G(
2#406)3(5&-"#)$/B=
J64+//B7&8(&+)(&?()B&>/(+-(5&$#&)(>#)$
$"+$&$"(&K#B+/&9-6+$62&A#26($B&"+?(
)(2(4$/B&+44#<42(5&$"+$&$"(&.(46-&A64#) Y#/5&H(5+/&0#)&:44()&9-6+4&A$<56(-&86//
G(&>)(-(4$(5&$#&#<)&N"+6)&!)#0(--#) U62"#/+-&A63-V16//6+3-&64&Z[X\7&64 )(2#@46$6#4�&$"(&2#4$)6G<$6#4&"(&"+- 3+5(&$#&:44()&9-6+4&A$<56(-=&&1(�()
"63&#<)&"(+)$0(/$&2#4@)+$</+$6#4-]
Editor’s Letter: News from the Ancient India & Iran Trust
^<)&+44<+/&Y+)5(4&!+)$B&P>"#$#-&G(/#8Q&565 4#$&(4,#B&/+-$&B(+)E-&(_2(//(4$&8(+$"()&G<$
+$$(45+42(&8+-&@##5&+45&8(&+)(&3#-$
@)+$(0</ $#&0)6(45-&#/5&+45&4(8&8"#&G)+?(5&
>"#$#%&!+</+&9//2"64
!"#$%"#&'"$(")#*+#$,,+-,."
*/$*#0"#$%"#&'$,,1,2 13&%+4"3",*(#*+#+-%#'".*-%"
%++3#$*#*/"#5,.1",*#6,)1$#$,) 6%$,#7%-(*8#1,#+%)"%#*+#3$9"#*/"
:$.1'1*1"(#3+%"#.+3:+%*$;'"#$,)
*+#31,131("#*/"#1,.+,4",1",."
+:#+-*)$*")#"<-1&3",*#0/1./
0"#:""'#.$,#(+3"*13"(#)"*%$.*
:%+3#*/"#"=&"%1",."#+:
$**",)1,2#+-%#"4",*(>##
?-%#&'$,#1(#*+#1,(*$''#$#,"08
;%12/*8#&+0"%:-'#$,)#:'"=1;'"
&%+@".*+%8#0/1./#01''#;"#0$''A 3+-,*")#$,)#01''#0+%9#1, .+,@-,.*1+,#01*/#$#,"0#(.%"",>
7/"#$-)1+#:+%#*/"#%++3#01''#;"
41$#%"3+*"'B#.+,*%+''")8 3+-,*")#(&"$9"%(>#C$;'1,2#01''
;"#/1))",#$(#:$%#$(#&+((1;'"8 0/1./#0"#:""'#01''#&%"("%4"#*/"
./$%$.*"%#+:#*/"#%++3#0/1'"
:%""1,2#1*#:%+3#&+*",*1$''B /$D$%)+-(#.$;'1,2#+,#*/"#:'++%>
!"#$'(+#&'$,#*+#13&%+4"#+-%
("$*1,28#%"&'$.1,2#3+(*#+:#*/"
.-%%",*#./$1%(#01*/#1,*"%'+.91,2
&$))")#E$,)#(*$.9$;'"F#("$*1,2>
7/"#.+(*(#+:#*/"("
13&%+4"3",*(#$%"#1,#*/"#%"21+, +:#GHIII8#0/1./#0"#01''#%$1("
:%+3#4$%1+-(#(+-%."(#1,.'-)1,28 0"#/+&"8#&%14$*"#1,)141)-$'(>
5,B#.+,*%1;-*1+,8#,+#3$**"%
/+0#(3$''8#+%#$,B#(-22"(*1+,(
+%#.+33",*(#:%+3#B+-8#+-%
41(1*+%(8#+,#*/"#.-%%",*#&%+&+($' E+%#$,B#(-22"(*1+,(#:+%#:-%*/"%
13&%+4"3",*(#B+-#0+-')#'19"#*+
(""#.$%%1")#+-*F8#0+-')#;"#3+(*
0"'.+3">
J+%#:-%*/"%#1,:+%3$*1+,8#&'"$("
.+,*$.*#*/"#5)31,1(*%$*+%#;B#"A 3$1'#+,#1,:+K1,)1%$,>+%2#+%#;B
L&/+,"#+,#IMNNO#OHPQRM>
4
- I N D I R A N, t h e n e w s l e t t e r o f t h e A n c i e n t I n d i a & I r a n T r u s tVoices from far away:
Bashkardi material at the AIIT
Agnes Korn
+:#*/"#*"%%$1,>
T+3"#1,:%$(*%-.*-%"#/$(#%"$./")
`$(/$9"%)#1,#*/"#3"$,*13"8#1,.'-)1,2#$
&$4")#3$1,#%+$)#$,)#"'".*%1.1*B8#;-*#*/"
%"21+,#%"3$1,(#%"3+*"#1,#3$,B#(",("(8
$,)#$*#*13"(#1*#1(#)1::1.-'*#*+#2+#*/"%"#"4", :+%#6%$,1$,#.1*1D",(>#5..+%)1,2'B8#`$(/9$%)1 1(#4"%B#'1**'"A(*-)1")#"4",#0/",#.+3&$%") 01*/#+*/"%#31,+%1*B#'$,2-$2"(#+:#6%$,>#
k-%1,2#*/"#:1%(*#3+,*/#+:#/1(#(*$B#1,
`$(/$9"%)8 a"%(/"41*./
3$)"
%".+%)1,2(
01*/#$#*$&"
%".+%)"%
E$:*"%#*/$*8#*/"
3$./1,"#;%+9"
)+0,8
$..+%)1,2#*+
V1(;"*/
a"%(/"41*./F>
7/"("
%".+%)1,2(
0"%"#1,#*/"
3"$,*13"
*%$,(:"%%") +,*+#Ck#$,)
$%"#*/-(
$4$1'$;'"#$(
$-)1+#:1'"(>#
k1(%"2$%)1,2#*$&"(#.+,*$1,1,2#%"A
$%%$,2"3",*(#+:#*/"#1,1*1$'#%".+%)A 1,2(8#*/"#%".+%)1,2(#$%"#%+-2/'B#"12/*
/+-%(#E1,#01)"'B#4$%B1,2#(+-,)#<-$'1*BF>
l+*#$''#+:#*/1(#1(#`$(/9$%)1#'$,2-$2"
7/"#*%"$(-%"(#9"&*#;B#*/"#5,.1",*#6,)1$
$,)#6%$,#7%-(*#1,.'-)"#&%".1+-(#)$*$#+,
*/"#`$(/9$%)1#'$,2-$2">#7/1(#3$*"%1$'8 .+''".*")#;B#*/"#'$*"#6'B$#a"%(/"41*./#1, McHP#1,#6%$,8#.+,(1(*(#+:#*$&"(#+:
%".+%)1,2(#$,)#,+*";++9(8#.+3&'"3",*")
;B#:+')"%(#01*/#2%$33$*1.$'#,+*"(#$,)
;+="(#01*/#4+.$;-'$%B#.$%)(#*/$*
a"%(/"41*./#&%+)-.")#0/",#/"#0+%9")#+, /1(#3$*"%1$'(#$:*"%#/1(#%"*-%,>#i1(#$**",*1+,
*/",#%$*/"%#*-%,")#*+#+*/"%#6%$,1$, '$,2-$2"(8#*/+-2/8#$,)#*/"
`$(/9$%)1#.+''".*1+,8#0/1./
a"%(/"41*./#'":*#*+#*/"
7%-(*#$'+,2#01*/#+*/"%
3$*"%1$'(8#/$(#(+#:$%
%"3$1,")#$,#-,"=&'+%")
*%"$(-%">#
W-./#*/"#($3"#.$,#;"#($1)
$;+-*#`$(/9$%)1#1,#2","%$'>
]`$(/9$%)1^#1(#*/"#,$3"#:+%
$#2%+-&#+:#)1$'".*(#(&+9", 1,#`$(/$9"%)8#$#%"21+,#1,
*/"#(+-*/#+:#6%$,8#1,'$,) :%+3#*/"#(*%$1*#+:#i+%3-D m(""#3$&#;"'+0n>
`$(/$9"%)#0$(8#$,)#(*1''#1(8
$#&$%*1.-'$%'B#%"3+*"
%"21+,#+:#6%$,>#!/",#6'B$
a"%(/"41*./#$,)#/1(#01:"
V1(;"*/#(&",*#*/%""#3+,*/(
*/"%"#1,#McHP8#*/"%"#0"%"#
,+#&$4")#%+$)(#AA#,+%#$,B#+*/"%
1,:%$(*%-.*-%"8#$,)#*%$4"'#0$(#+,#.$3"'8 )+,9"B#+%#3-'"8#$(#V1(;"*/#a"%(/"41*./
%".$''(8#(31'1,2#$*#*/"#3"3+%B#+:#*%$4"' .+3&$,1+,(#0/+#2$4"#-&#$,)#%"*-%,")#*+
*/"#.+$(*#0/",#:$.")#01*/#*/"#)1::1.-'*1"(
3$*"%1$'\#(+3"#1(#3-(1.
E01*/#+%#01*/+-*#(1,21,2F8 (+3"#1(#1,#X"%(1$,#+%
`$'+./18#;-*#(*1''#*/"%"#1(
<-1*"#$#(-;(*$,*1$'
$3+-,*#+:#`$(/9$%)1 )$*$>
V1,2-1(*1.$''B8#`$(/9$%)1#1(
,+*#"$(B#*+#'$B#/$,)(#+,
"1*/"%>#7/+-2/#+:*",
&%"(",*")#$(#+,"
'$,2-$2"8#`$(/9$%)1#1(#1, :$.*#$#2%+-&#+:#)1$'".*(
*/$*#)1::"%#.+,(1)"%$;'B>
]T+-*/^#$,)#]l+%*/^
`$(/9$%)1#%":"%#*+#*/"
3$1,#)1$'".*#)141(1+,8 0/1./#.+%%"(&+,)(#*+#$
)1(*1,.*1+,#3$)"#;B#*/"
(&"$9"%(#*/"3("'4"(8#$,)
*+#3$@+%#)1::"%",."(#+,
$''#'"4"'(#+:#2%$33$%>
`-*#l+%*/#$,)#T+-*/#`$(/9$%)1#$%"#;B#,+
3"$,(#)1$'".*$''B#/+3+2",+-(>#6,)"")8#$
'++9#$*#*/"#)$*$#%"4"$'(#*/$*#"4"%B#41''$2"
+%#*+0,#,"")(#*+#;"#*%"$*")#("&$%$*"'B#$*
'"$(*#:+%#$#(*$%*>#6*#"4",#(""3(#*/$*
`$(/9$%)1#3$B#%"&%"(",*#*/"#%"(-'*#+:#$
.+,4"%2",."#+:#6%$,1$,#4$%1"*1"(#+:
)1::"%",*#+%121,(#0/1./#:+%3")#$#'1,2-1(*1.
$%"$#$,)#$((131'$*")#*+#"$./#+*/"%#0/1'"
&%"("%41,2#(+3"#*%$."(#+:#*/"
/"*"%+2",+-(
/1(*+%B>#
6*#1(#&"%/$&(
*/"("#)1::1.-'*1"(
*/$*#/$4"
.+,*%1;-*")#*+
`$(/9$%)1#;"1,2 (+#'1**'"A(*-)1")>
!/1'"#(+3"#0+%9 /$(#;"",#)+,"#1, 3+%"#%".",*
B"$%(#+,#*/"
(+3"0/$*#3+%"
$.."((1;'"
4$%1"*1"(#(&+9", +,#+%#.'+("#*+#*/"
.+$(*8#*/"
)1$'".*(#(&+9",
*/"%"#$%"#%$*/"%#)1::"%",*#:%+3#*/"#1,'$,) 4$%1"*1"(>#T+#:$%#$(#`$(/9$%)1#&%+&"%#1(
.+,."%,")8#0+%)(#$,)#(",*",."(#/$4"
;"",#<-+*")#1,#(./+'$%'B#$%*1.'"(#;B#6'B$
a"%(/"41*./#/13("':#$,)#+*/"%(#$:*"%#/138
;-*#,+#*"=*#/$(#"4"%#;"",#&-;'1(/")#1,#$
!"#$%&')'()*+,)-./'6#7)1'/18%-$/%6%.')8'+#7%4
!"#$#%&'(")##*&'+),+-$("&.(/0#)##*=
!"#$%&'()*+,)-./'/18%-$/%6%%*4 !"#$#%&'(")
H+>&GB&N")6-$6+4&K+33()
(%0#6&')'()*+,)-./'$/00)9%=&&!"#$#
I N D I R A N , t h e n e w s l e t t e r o f t h e A n c i e n t I n d i a & I r a n T r u s t -
5
(-::1.1",*'B#2++)#(+-,)#<-$'1*B>#U(1,2#-&A
*+A)$*"#'$,2-$2"#)+.-3",*$*1+,#(+:*0$%"8 6#$3#*%$,(.%1;1,2#*/"("#*"=*(8#*%$,('$*1,2
*/"38#$,)#$))1,2#$#2%$33$*1.$'#$,$'B(1(
*+#*/"#*%$,(.%1&*1+,8#01*/#,-3"%+-(
%+-,)(#+:#)+-;'"./".91,2#*/"#'$**"%
$2$1,(*#*/"#(+-,)#:1'"8#"*.>#k+1,2#(+8#6#$3
$'(+#3$91,2#-("#+:#$#&%"'131,$%B
*%$,(.%1&*1+,#$,)#*%$,('$*1+,#1,*+#X"%(1$, +:#(+3"#*"=*(#;B#`$9/*1$%#T"))1<1Al"D/$)8
$(#0"''#+:#a"%(/"41*./L(#4+.$;-'$%B#.$%)(>
7/"#(*-)B#+:#*/"("#*"=*(#$'%"$)B#&"%31*(
(+3"#1,(12/*(#1,*+#`$(/9$%)1#2%$33$%>#
J+%#1,(*$,."8#*/"#,+31,$'#(B(*"38#/1*/"%*+
,+*")#$(#3+%"#+%#'"((#-,9,+0,8#,+0 (""3(#%"$(+,$;'B#.'"$%8#&%"(",*1,28#$(
)+"(#'$*"%#W1))'"#X"%(1$,8#X$%*/1$,#$,)
`$.*%1$,8#$#(B(*"3#01*/+-*#.$("
)1(*1,.*1+,8#;-*#01*/#4$%1+-(#&$%*1.'"(#$,)
$)&+(1*1+,(#*/$*#/$4"#,+*#B"*#;"", 2%$33$*1.$'1(")#:+%#*/"#(B,*$.*1.
:-,.*1+,(#1,#0/1./#*/"B#$%"#:+-,)8#:+%
1,(*$,."8#1,#`$'+./1#+%#l"0#X"%(1$,>#
6*#1(#4"%B#:+%*-,$*"#*/$*#*/"#7%-(*#/+')(
*/"("#1,*"%"(*1,2#'$,2-$2"#)$*$#+, 4$%1"*1"(#(+#'1**'"#(*-)1")#$(#`$(/9$%)18#$,) 0/1./#$%"#$''#*/"#3+%"#&%".1+-(#;".$-("
*/"B#)$*"#:%+3#$#*13"
;":+%"#*/"#$)4",*#+:
3$((#3")1$#1,#%"3+*"
%"21+,(#m(""#&/+*+(n#AA#$
(1*-$*1+,#0/1./#/$(#/$) )%$3$*1.#"::".*(#+,#$'' 31,+%1*B#'$,2-$2"(#+:
6%$,>#!"#$%"#*/-(#$;'"#*+
.+3&$%"#*0+#(*$2"(#+:
`$(/9$%)1#(&+9",#*+)$B>#
!+%9#+,#*/1(#3$*"%1$'#1(
;+*/#$#*%"$(-%"#$,)#$
./$''",2"8#$(#$,B+,"#01'' 9,+0#0/+#/$(#*%1")#*+
$,$'B("#%".+%)1,2(#*/$*
$%"#,+*#*/"1%#+0,#$,)#*/"
.1%.-3(*$,."(#+:#*/"
%".+%)1,2(#$%"#'19"01("
-,9,+0,#E">2>#0/+3#1(
$,#1,:+%3$,*#$))%"((1,2 0/",#/"#(""9(#$
.+,:1%3$*1+,#+%#.+33",*
:%+3#*/"#+*/"%(#&%"(",*F>
5*#*/"#($3"#*13"8#;B .+3&$%1,2#.+,*"3&+%$%B
`$(/9$%)18#0"#/+&"#*+#;"
$;'"#*+#$%%14"#$*#$
.+3&%"/",(14"#)"(.%1&*1+, (./+'$%'B#@+-%,$'#+%#;++9#*+#*/1(#)$B8#,+%#1(
*/"%"#$,B#2%$33$%#;"B+,)#(/+%*
/$,);++9#+4"%41"0(>#
6,#$#%"("$%./#&%+@".*#:-,)")#;B#*/"#
T0")1(/#j"("$%./#C+-,.1'
Ef"*",(9$&(%o)"*F8#`"/%++D#`$%@$(*"/
k"':+%++D#$,)#6#$13#$*#$#)+.-3",*$*1+,
$,)#)"(.%1&*1+,#+:#`$(/9$%)1>#i"#$'(+#/$)
$#.'+("#'++9#+,#*/"#./+(",#*"=*(#01*/
`$9/*1$%#T"))1<1Al"D/$)8
$#(*-)",*#+:#p$/")$, U,14"%(1*B8#0/+#1(#$
(&"$9"%#+:#$#4$%1"*B#+,
*/"#;+%)"%#+:#*/"
`$(/9$%)1#$%"$>#7/"B
$%%14")#$*#$#&%"'131,$%B
*%$,(.%1&*1+,#+:#$#."%*$1,
$3+-,*#+:#*"=*#$'+,2#01*/
$#*%$,('$*1+,#1,*+#X"%(1$, E(+3"#+:#1*#0%1**",8#(+3"
$(#(+-,)#:1'"F>#J%+3#*/"("
&$%*(8#`"/%++D#3$)"#$
./+1."#+:#*"=*(##(-1*$;'"
:+%#;"1,2#(*-)1")#1,#*"%3(
+:#(-::1.1",*#(+-,)#<-$'1*B
$,)#1,#*"%3(#+:#.+,*",*(
E:+%#1,(*$,."8#*/"%"#$%"
'1,2-1(*1.$''B#(+3"0/$*
'"((#1,*"%"(*1,2#'",2*/B#W+/$%%$3 3+-%,1,2(F>#
!/1'"#`"/%++D#1(#.+''".*1,2#$,)#(*-)B1,2
`$(/9$%)1#4$%1"*1"(#+:#*+)$B8#6#/$4"#(*$%*") 0+%91,2#+,#a"%(/"41*./L(#%".+%)1,2(#1,#*/"
7%-(*^(#.+''".*1+,8#("'".*1,2#:1%(*#*/+("#+:
+:#*/"#'$,2-$2">#
6,#*/"#.+-%("#+:#*/1(#B"$%8#6#01''#.+,.",*%$*"
:-%*/"%#+,#*/"#`$(/9$%)1#&%+@".*#;B#0$B#+:#$
&%+'+,2")#(*$B#1,#C$3;%1)2"#0/"%"#6#$3 .-%%",*'B#$#f1(1*1,2#J"''+0#+:#C'$%"#i$''>
+-$("&.(/0#)##*=
!"#$%&''!12/%18':#-8-%**'/1'()*+),%-.=&!"#$#%&'(")##*&'+),+-$("&.(/0#)##*=
!"#$%&')1'%0.%-0;'()*+,)-./')8'<)-,))+4
!"#$#%&H)-&O=&Y()-"(?6$2"7&X`a\
&'+),+-$("&.(/0#)##*=
The Minorsky Pictures
James Cormick
CONTACT - B r e n d a n G r i g g s , E d i t o r & A d m i n i s t r a t o r
23 BROOKL AN DS AV E N U E , C A M B R I D G E , CB2 8BG
Te l :0 04 4 (0) 122 3 35 68 41 -Fa x :0 04 4 (0) 122 3 36 11 25 e m a i l :i n f o @ i n d i ra n . o rg - web s i t e :h t t p : / / w w w. i n d i ra n . o rg B LO G :h t t p : / / i n d i a i ra n t r u s t . wo r d p re s s. c o m / F ind us on Fa c eb o o k, fo l l ow us on Tw i t t e r: @ I N D I A I R A N T RU S T
?=:+%)#01*/#/138#$,)#/$)#*/",#@-(*
;".+3"#:$3+-(#:+%#/1(#"(($B#)1(*1,2-1(/1,2
;"*0"",#U#$,)#l+,AU#Y,2'1(/#1,#]l+;'"(("
?;'12"^8#*/"#;++9#")1*")#;B#l$,.B#W1*:+%)
*/$*#0$(#*+#;".+3"#$#*"%%+%#*+#*/"#(+.1$''B 1,(".-%"#1,#*/"#HI(#$,)#PI(>##A#6#+:*", 0+,)"%")#1:#T1%#i$%+')#/$),L*#1,41*")#j+((
$'+,2#*+#&%+41)"#$#01**B#.+33",*$%B#+,
*/"#j+B$'#J$31'BL(#Y,2'1(/#$(#*/"B#*++9#*/"
*%$1,#;$.9#*+#C$3;%1)2">
U,)+1,2#*/"#:%$3"(#+:#*/"#0$*"%.+'+-%(#*+
(""#1:#$,B#:-%*/"%#1,:+%3$*1+,#.+-')#;"
:+-,)#*/"%"8#6#3$)"#$,#1,*"%"(*1,2 )1(.+4"%B>##7/"#+%121,$'#&1.*-%"(#/$)#;"",
&$(*")#+,*+#.$%);+$%)#$,)#3+-,*")
%$*/"%#./"$&'B#01*/#*/1,#&$&"%#;B#*/"
:%$3"%\#i>C>#X$B,"#+:#N#Y33$,-"'#T*%""*8 C$3;%1)2">##i"#/$)#$'(+#%"A-(")#$#'$%2"
Y)0$%)1$,#&/+*+2%$&/#+:#$#B+-,2#.+-&'"
01*/#:14"#./1')%",#$(#;$.91,2#:+%#+,"#+:
*/"3>
7/"#2","%$'#0$%A*13"#$-(*"%1*B#+:#*/"
:%$31,2#'")#3"#*+#*/"#.+,.'-(1+,#*/$*#*/"
W1,+%(9B(#/$),L*#/$)#*/"#&1.*-%"(#:%$3") -,*1'#*/"B#.$3"#-&#*+#C$3;%1)2"#1,#*/"
RI(8#&"%/$&(#*+#(-&&'"3",*#*/"#3"$2%"
:-%,1(/1,2(#+:#*/"1%#,"0#/+-(">##WB 1,*",*1+,#,+0#1(#*+#%":%$3"#*/"3#3+%"
(-1*$;'B>
7/"B#3$9"#$#4"%B#$**%$.*14"#$,)
$&&%+&%1$*"#$))1*1+,#*+#*/"#)b.+%#+:#*/"
6%$,#j++38#;-*#*/"B#$%"#,+*#;"1,2
&%+3+*")#/"%"#$(#2%"$*#0+%9(#+:#$%*>##7/"1%
1,*"%"(*#*+#-(#'1"(#&"%/$&(#3+%"#1,#*/"1%
-,-(-$'#&%+4",$,.">
7/"#W1,+%(9B(#*++9#-&#%"(1)",."#1, C$3;%1)2"#0/",#T?5T#"4$.-$*")#*+
C$3;%1)2"#)-%1,2#*/"#T".+,)#!+%')#!$%>
f'$)131%#W1,+%(9B#/$)#;B#*/",#;".+3"
j"$)"%#1,#X"%(1$,#V1*"%$*-%"#r#i1(*+%B#$*
T?5T8#;-*#0$(#,"$%1,2#*/"#$2"#+:
%"*1%"3",*>##T+#0/",#/"#:1,$''B#)1)#%"*1%"#1, McRR#$*#*/"#$2"#+:#Ph8#/"#$,)#/1(#01:"
7$*1$,$#)".1)")#*+#(*$B#+,#1,#C$3;%1)2"#1,
*/"1%#/+-("#1,#`$*"3$,#T*%""*8#0/"%"#*/"B .+,*1,-")#*+#'14"#/$&&1'B#-,*1'#*/"1%#)"$*/(
1,#McPP#$,)#McQh#%"(&".*14"'B>
W1,+%(9B#/$)#/$)#$,#"=*%"3"'B#1,*"%"(*1,2 '1:"#;":+%"#*/$*8#;"1,2#;+%,#1,#j-((1$#1, MQhh8#$,)#$:*"%#2%$)-$*1+,#:%+3#-,14"%(1*B
@+1,1,2#*/"#j-((1$,#)1&'+3$*1.#("%41.">##i1(
NI#B"$%(#$(#$#)1&'+3$*#:%+3#McIO#*+#McNO 0"%"#'$%2"'B#(&",*#1,#X"%(1$#+%#+,
$((12,3",*(#.+,."%,")#01*/#X"%(1$#$,) C",*%$'#5(1$>##5,)#1*#1(#&%+;$;'B#0/1'"#/"
0$(#*/"%"#*/$*#/"#$.<-1%")#*/"#*0+#{$@$%
0$*"%.+'+-%(>
i"#;".$3"#$#0+%')#"=&"%*#+,#*/"
X"%(1$,(#$,)#t-%)(#$,)#$:*"%#$#,-3;"%#+:
B"$%(#1,#X$%1(#0$(#$&&+1,*")#'".*-%"%#1, X"%(1$,#$*#T?5T#E*/",#+,'B#.$''")#T?TF#1, McON8#0/"%"#/"#;".$3"#$#:%1",)#$,) .+''"$2-"#+:#i$%+')#`$1'"BL(>
`$1'"B#0$(#$&&+1,*")#*+#*/"#&+(*#+:
X%+:"((+%#+:#T$,(9%1*#$*#C$3;%1)2"#1, McOP8#$,)#/1(#:%1",)(/1*/#*/"
W1,+%(9B(#.+,*1,-")#$,)#&%+(&"%")#0/",
*/"B#@+1,")#/13#1,#C$3;%1)2"#:+-%#B"$%(
'$*"%8#'$%2"'B#)-"#*+#*/"#2","%+-(#j-((1$, /+(&1*$'1*B#+:#7$*1$,$#W1,+%(9B#$,)#*/"
&%+=131*B#+:#`$*"3$,#T*%""*#*+#{-"",(L C+''"2">
T1%#i$%+')#*+')#3"#*/$*#0/",#/"#0$(
9,12/*")#1,#McPI#/"#*++9#*0+#](&".1$'############
:%1",)(^#$(#2-"(*(#01*/#/13#*+#`-.91,2/$3 X$'$."\#7$*1$,$#W1,+%(9B#$,)#5'$,#j+((>
j+((#/$)#;"",#$,#-,)"%2%$)-$*"#$*#
7/"#*0+#0$*"%.+'+-%(#1,#*/"#6%$,#j++3 0"%"#214",#*+#T1%#i$%+')#`$1'"B#;B#W%(
W1,+%(9B>##7/"B#(""3#*+#;"#:%+3#*/"#'$*"
{$@$%#&"%1+)#E'$*"#Mc*/#C",*-%B#+%#"$%'B NI*/#C",*-%BF#$,)#$&&"$%#*+#;"#.+&1"(
3$)"#*+#+%)"%#;B#*/"#$%*1(*>
7/"#:1%(*#+:#*/"3#1(#+4$'#1,#(/$&"#$,)#1(#+:#$
%1./'B#)%"((")#3$,#0"$%1,2#*/"
.+,*"3&+%$%B#X"%(1$,#%$*/"%#31*%"A'19"
.%+0,>##7/"#1,(.%1&*1+,#+,#*/"#;+**+3#'":*#+:
*/"#&$1,*1,2#1)",*1:1"(#/13#$(#]T/$/1,(/$/A1 6%$,#l$)1%^8#$,)#*/"#1,(.%1&*1+,#+,#*/"#%12/*
*"''(#-(#1*#1(#l-3;"%#h8#&%"(-3$;'B#1*(#.+&B ,-3;"%>##l$)1%#T/$/#0$(8#+:#.+-%("8#*/"
:$3+-(#]5'"=$,)"%^#+%#]l$&+'"+,^#+:#X"%(1$
0/+#1,4$)")#*/"#W-2/$'#Y3&1%"#$,)#'++*")
*/"#X"$.+.9#7/%+,"#$,)#*/"#t+/A1Al++%
k1$3+,)>
7/"#+*/"%#0$*"%.+'+-%#1(#%".*$,2-'$%#1, (/$&"#$,)#$&&"$%(#(*B'1(*1.$''B#*+#;"#;B#$
)1::"%",*#$%*1(*>##6*#1(#+:#$,#+')"%#3$,8
&%+;$;'B#$#*%1;$'#'"$)"%8#0"$%1,2#$#0$%3
@$.9"*#$,)#$#9$%$9-'#/$*#3+%"#*B&1.$'#+:
l+%*/AY$(*"%,#6%$,>##7/"#1,(.%1&*1+,#1,#*/"
;+**+3#'":*#.+%,"%#1,)1.$*"(#*/$*#1*#1(
&$1,*")#;B#E]%$<$3^F#T$BB1)#W+/(1,8#$,)#1,
*/"#+&&+(1*"#.+%,"%#214"(#-(#*/"#%$*/"%
(-%&%1(1,2#.+&B#,-3;"%#$(#l-3;"%#OMM>
(%0#6&'@1/.%18/:/%.'3#-8-)/8'";'C);;/.'K@+*/1R -/9+8&'D)./-'C+)+'F-4'MSTUAVSG4'!"#$#%&9::;=