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Cache organization on loop blocking

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HAL Id: inria-00074416

https://hal.inria.fr/inria-00074416

Submitted on 24 May 2006

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Cache organization on loop blocking

François Bodin, André Seznec

To cite this version:

François Bodin, André Seznec. Cache organization on loop blocking. [Research Report] RR-2255, INRIA. 1994. �inria-00074416�

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a p p o r t

d e r e c h e r c h e

INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET AUTOMATIQUE

Cache Organization Influence on Loop Blocking

Fran¸cois Bodin, Andr´e Seznec

N˚ 2255

Mars 1994

PROGRAMME 1

Architectures parall`eles, bases de donn´ees, r´eseaux et syst`emes distribu´es

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Unit´e de recherche INRIA Rennes

IRISA, Campus universitaire de Beaulieu, 35042 RENNES Cedex (France)

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(7)

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(8)

data tag

data tag

f

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data tag

data tag

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f1(A1)

f1(A2)

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(9)

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DM 2A 4A 8A 2SK 4SK valid blocks (%)

62.00 Size 64.00 66.00 68.00 70.00 72.00 74.00 76.00 78.00 80.00 82.00 84.00 86.00 88.00 90.00 92.00 94.00 96.00 98.00 100.00

100.00 200.00 300.00 400.00 500.00

8A 32A 2SK 4SK Valid blocks (%)

83.00 Size 84.00 85.00 86.00 87.00 88.00 89.00 90.00 91.00 92.00 93.00 94.00 95.00 96.00 97.00 98.00 99.00 100.00

100.00 200.00 300.00 400.00 500.00

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(13)

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(15)

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0 200000 400000 600000 800000 1e+06 1.2e+06 1.4e+06 1.6e+06

100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550

misses

leading size (min = 311001, max = 1304504, mean = 568021)

0 200000 400000 600000 800000 1e+06 1.2e+06 1.4e+06 1.6e+06

100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550

misses

leading size (min = 137346, max = 1406374, mean = 262151)

0 200000 400000 600000 800000 1e+06 1.2e+06 1.4e+06 1.6e+06

100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550

misses

leading size (min = 128108, max = 158482, mean = 144511)

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0 200000 400000 600000 800000 1e+06 1.2e+06 1.4e+06 1.6e+06

100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550

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leading size (min = 285207, max = 1295145, mean = 460490)

0 200000 400000 600000 800000 1e+06 1.2e+06 1.4e+06 1.6e+06

100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550

misses

leading size (min = 80314, max = 1395486, mean = 178829)

0 200000 400000 600000 800000 1e+06 1.2e+06 1.4e+06 1.6e+06

100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550

misses

leading size (min = 63986, max = 147765, mean = 84164)

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0 200000 400000 600000 800000 1e+06 1.2e+06 1.4e+06 1.6e+06

100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550

misses

leading size (min = 276450, max = 1293733, mean = 376618)

0 200000 400000 600000 800000 1e+06 1.2e+06 1.4e+06 1.6e+06

100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550

misses

leading size (min = 54854, max = 1394036, mean = 130606)

0 200000 400000 600000 800000 1e+06 1.2e+06 1.4e+06 1.6e+06

100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550

misses

leading size (min = 46014, max = 152932, mean = 65009)

~,« R

0 200000 400000 600000 800000 1e+06 1.2e+06 1.4e+06 1.6e+06

100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550

misses

leading size (min = 345598, max = 1276341, mean = 416181)

0 200000 400000 600000 800000 1e+06 1.2e+06 1.4e+06 1.6e+06

100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550

misses

leading size (min = 82464, max = 1075768, mean = 121273)

0 200000 400000 600000 800000 1e+06 1.2e+06 1.4e+06 1.6e+06

100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550

misses

leading size (min = 62899, max = 124146, mean = 70576)

ƒQ« R

0 200000 400000 600000 800000 1e+06 1.2e+06 1.4e+06 1.6e+06

100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550

misses

leading size (min = 296375, max = 413720, mean = 312585)

0 200000 400000 600000 800000 1e+06 1.2e+06 1.4e+06 1.6e+06

100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550

misses

leading size (min = 53681, max = 155531, mean = 60612)

0 200000 400000 600000 800000 1e+06 1.2e+06 1.4e+06 1.6e+06

100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550

misses

leading size (min = 48592, max = 57719, mean = 50702)

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