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Technical Translation (National Research Council of Canada), 1960
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Examples of Building Throughout the Winter
Buitink, J. G.
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NRC TT-874
NA1-IONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF CANADA
/
TECHNICAL TRANSLATION 874
EXAMPLES OF BUILDING THROUGHOUT THE WINTER
BY J. G. BUITINK FROM BOUW. 14 (39): 1103 - 1105, Ｑｾ＿ＹＬ TRANSLATED BY D. A. SINCLAIR
THIS IS THE FIFTY· EIGHTH OF THE SERIES OF TRANSLATIONS PREPARED FOR THE DIVISION OF BUILDING RESEARCH
OTTAWA
PREFACE
Winter construction has been a matter of interest to the Division of Building Research since the earliest years of its work. In recent years some detailed studies have been carried out and the Division has been privileg-ed to cooperate closely in this work with the National Committee on Seasonal Unemployment.
It has become clear that the more information about the achievements of construction during the winter, not only in Canada but in other countries, that can be made available for the information of those concerned with winter buildins in Canada, the more progress is to be expected.
Accordingly the Division has been pleased to arrange for the publication of translations of significant over-3GaS papers in this field. This paper is a further
contribution to this series. It was written by a member of the staff of one of the largest contractors in the Netherlands and describes a number of interesting winter jobs in a country not normally associated with winter construction.
The translation was prepared by Mr. D.A. Sinclair of the Translations Section of the National Research Council to whom the Division here records its thanks.
Ottawa, March 1960
H.F. Legget, Director
ｾＭｾＭｾｾＭＭＭｾＭＭｾｾ ＭｾｾｾＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＢＢ
NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF CANADA Technical Translation 874
ｾｩｴｬ･Ｚ Examples of building throughout the winter (Voorbeelden van doorbouwen in de winter) Author: J.G. Bultink
Reference: ｂｏｾｾＬ 14 (39): 1103-1105, 1959
Translator: D.A. Sinclair, Translations Section, N.R.C. Library
ｅｘａｍｐｾｅｓ｟ｏｾ ｾｕｉｇｄｉｎｇ THROUGHOUT THE ｾｉｎｔｅｒ
Anyone who is of a mind to cont inue working throughout the winter can only accomplish this by satisfying the basic condition by taking the trouble to plan far enough ahead.
The introduction of the concept "weather phase", which was decided upon after consultation with our meteorologists, is of great importance for a systematic study of the measures to be
adopted. Although the CUR Report has opened the way to the systema-tization of winter work preparations, too little is still being
undertaken consciously in the building trades to combat the loss of time in winter.
This 1s due partly to the fact thRt consultation between owner, architect and contractor on the details of technical execution is still regarded as unnecessary and from lack of experience little virtue is seen in promoting such consultation. The result is that they do not know each other's problems and do not always sufficiently appreciate the full significance of each other's arguments. However, this lack of ｣ｯｮｳｵｬｴ｡ｴｩｾｮ 1s detrimental also to a satisfactory
solution of the problems relating to continuous operation in cold weather; for, the time of contracting, the sequence of ｯｰ･ｲ｡ｴｩｯｮｳｾ
the detailing, the cooperation with the sub-contractors, to mention but a few items, are all matters that cannot be tampered with.
They should be determined to a large extent by timely c onau'Ltiat Lon, Therefore, anyone who considers their mutual relationship and thelr effect on the conditions under which the work has to be carried Oi>C" comes to the conclusion that whether or not it is economically
possible to work continuously through the winter also depends on the choice made in these matters.
The cases of Winter work referred to here are not, to begin with, examples of such consultation. The decision to contlnue
work-ing was made by the contractor primarily from considerations of prestige.
-4-the construction of:
the rCA hall of the Schiphol airport;
the sewage pumping station on the Finnenburg at The Hague; the Hilversum parish home for the aged.
The simple solutions of the first two examples need no further discussion. Reference to the photographs is sufficient. The
provision for these two projects cost only a few thousand gulden, so that for the most part they were already recovered in the form of direct advantages to the contractor.
These examples illustrate how some constructions, by their
very nature, invite, as it were, the adoption of simple but nonethe-less effective methods.
The Hilversum Home for the Aged
The expansion and modernization of an existing home for the aged in Hilversum included strengthening of the foundation, complete
dismantling of the roof and loft, erection of a new storey and general modernization of the rest of the building.
The building remained in use and the work had to be carried out in three stages. The vacating of certain sections, owing to delayed removaJ:s, was somewhat slower than had been anticipated. It was clear that under these circumstances much delay had to be
expected.
Since the management of the home wanted a date set on which the room rent could take effect and the contractor felt bound to most this request, it was of little use to adopt only measures which would enable them to escape the consequences of the first or seGond weather phases. For the danger of the occurrence of weather phaae three would still remain.
The only sure solution was to make oneself completely indepen-dent of weather conditions by rOOfing-over the entire building. The final stage of construction involved 600 sq m of floor area. The plan to roof over the bUilding, which at first appeared to be somewhat drastic, was s t.ud'i ed in good time, worked out and estimated.
f 8, EiOO. 00 f 700.00
-5-The principle was established that costs should be kept as low as possible by making use of availa81e material. Therefore, the steel scaffolding that had to be erected in any case, was used directly as a wall frame, while available hico supports were employed for
spanning the building area. At the same time the use of intermedi-ate support points appeared necessary.
For the side coverings large wooden partitions were used which, like the roof coverings of rafters and aluminium plates, were
obtained from the dismantling of an exhibition building. The reader will see a diagram of the arrangement in Fig. 4. The window strips are of "tribo!! glass. Fig. 6 shows the outside view, while Fig. 2 and 3 give an impression of the interior beneath the roofing.
Period of use: Beginning of December 1957 to April 1, 1958. Number of delaying days (frost, snow, hail): 34.
Lowest measured temperature: _4°C. Costs
Direct costs:
Wages for erection and dismantling: 200 sq m "tribo" glass
Heating. Ten "Deko" stoves were provided for, but only four were used owing to the mild winter as well as the assistance from the eXisting central heating plant. Oil
consumption 3,200 11tres
Lighting- Hazemeijer portable installation with spotlights as needed. Current
consump-t ion in 90 days 7, 000 kioJ-hr
Indirect costs:
Rental and depreciation of available material,
exclUding scaffolding. f 4,400.00
Conclusions: The total costs were less than expected and the results were such that all concerned agreed that the experiment had
--- ＭＭＭＭＭｾＭＭＭＭｾＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭ
-6-succeeded beyond expectation.
This radical expedient for working through the winter must be considered economical when the advantages for the client (earlier rental of rooms) and for the Sociaa1 Fonds Bouwnijverheid (no payments for frost delay) are taken into account.
The contractor also gains direct and indirect advantages, such as limitation of fixed outlays on the work, increase in the return per works foreman, etc.
Anyone who takes the time to consider what measures are
possible in a given project in winter will at times see solutions at hand which are much less costly than originally appear possible, even when he adopts a drastic roofing-over method.
Winter at the Hom.e for the Aged in Hihrel'"sum
-9-OOQRSNEOE A· A
8EiBESToUoNDE lOESTAM:!
DOORSNEOE B - B
t - - Ｎ｟ｾｾＭＭＭ -- ＭＫＭｾＭＭＭＭＫ
Fig. 4
Drawings showing cross-sections of the roofing-over construction. The steel scaffolding, to be used in any case, serves as a wall
framing. Hico supports are used for spanning the area. Large wooden nanels were used as side covering and for roof
cover-ing spruce and aluminium plates. The window strips were of "tribo" glass
Fase 2 - phase 2 Slagjuk - cross-beam
Hico Drager - hico supports Stalen Balk steel-beam Steiger - uprights
Doorsnede - cross-section
Bestaande Toestand - permanent conditioD Uitbreiding Fase 3 - expansion phase 3
completely White
light pumping station was
the arlnular form 1s
Simple e:nergency trusses are made wood and the entire framework js
covered over with tarpaulins. tarpaullns allOW considerable
to pass through The
Fig., (3
Construction of the rCA hall.. The second ,storey conslstl$ of a steel skeleton. In order to be independent of delivery of the glass
ｳｩ､･ｷ｡ｬｬｳｾ simple walls were constructed of form. sheets which were covered with aspoolt paper at the corner
