HAL Id: artxibo-00141241
https://artxiker.ccsd.cnrs.fr/artxibo-00141241
Submitted on 12 Apr 2007
HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- entific research documents, whether they are pub- lished or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.
L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.
Compte rendu de l’ouvrage ”La Mémoire et l’Instant ou
“ Comment on écrit l’histoire du Bertsularisme ”” de Denis Laborde
Jean Casenave
To cite this version:
Jean Casenave. Compte rendu de l’ouvrage ”La Mémoire et l’Instant ou “ Comment on écrit l’histoire
du Bertsularisme ”” de Denis Laborde. Lapurdum, Centre de recherche sur la langue et les textes
basques IKER UMR 5478 CNRS, 2005, pp.325-329. �artxibo-00141241�
"!$#$%& '$'(*),+- .)$/*01324+6587:9.2<;8+= 2>1?(@,!BAC(18+D;!E5GF1D2<;D'H(JILKNM6OHPQO"RNS3TVUVW"XY[Z\MO
%& .'^]"+=(J1D()@,!H]EF_1N`*a4%&F,;D(*).Fb(
AC 1D@.(\Fc!.de.f"gihQjlkmEno
p&q6rtslu>vwyx8z|{yu}s3~<u>z*yslc|~_tr s_.rxG8s"~x8uy~\s?_"r|<u\"x=r_~c3z_"x8E*.uwy~x<vVu}r_s
wyxz\yDu}z*ys_t}yx3trtsJr=}rtsw.s&,u:str sJri>~L"yx8rJy~*s3ri_z_8rvw.z*x8~u4"r\ .¡6>}r_sJs3z*_~_}rvVr\
x8rtsDsr_<u}rts¢w"~_x¢>r s£y~*s3tzwy"z*yrts¤rD,¥¦:vV§cvVr_sz*vvVr¤8x¨ s©x8rwyx sr_<~<uª{yr s«r=B{~_}z*xuªs?~t_8rts¤y~ccH~c¥
wyztrcu~}u¬8tstx3~<xu>tr sir^>~>~c*riy~*s3r$©&¯®8rHs3u}¨_}r* qrtsuªvwyx8z*{u}s3~8ryx=sis3z_w.rx°sr3&§= s
tz*vivVrrts~xG<u}s<r sir^w"x8rvVu}rx&w.>~t~c±vV§v^rV<u¬<x3r$*"r$rtsVc~t_8ryx3szr si~D<rD"x=st}¨yx3r st ²³6´µ
¶·´t¸¹¶·´µº¸}»4¼"½"´µ¿¾À»>½Á>ÂDÃ|¾y·Ä_Á»}Ã*½Å¶·»©µ·*»>Æ_´½.Á¢µÃ*½Á£¾y´µ Á>»>½yÇt´µÈy·É¸}´tÄ_Áª´t·Â¶·»©½y´lÄtÃ*½½ÈʹÁ>Â3Èy»GÁ Ë[ȵ
¸*À´½\¼Ã·´tÌ&´½Á¶·,´&µ·|µÄt»GÁ>´JÄt´_Á´DÍ*´tÂDÄt»}Ät´Ë6ÃÇ_Á>»}¶,·´&È"·=Ë6ÂDε¾y·Ë6·Ï,¸»¹Ä¯Ï*È,µÄtÃ=ËÑÐyÃ|½y´¯´_Á·*½^¸}´tÄ_Á>´t·ÂEË6¸¹·*µÈÆ_´tÂÁ»
Ë6÷,ÂDÂ3ÈÒËÑȵDµ´t¸}´µ¾y´t·_Í&ËÑÈyÂ?È\¼.Â3È?ËÐy´µµ·»>ÆtÈ,½ÁµµDȽ,µ¾yÃÌ&ÌÈ*¼.´Ë6÷¸>ÈÄtÃ,ÌÓË6ÂDÇÐy´½,µ»}Ã*½¢¾y´BÄt´$ÄtÃÌÓËNÁª´
ÂD´½¾"·J¾y·J¾y´tÂ3½»}´tÂN¸>»>Æ_ÂD´¾y´6ÔV´½"»>µÓ³ÑÈyÏþy´tÕ>Ö
×
zsDrx<{~<rD"xJwyrD~c{yrx:<u~cyx8~u¬¯yrt¹_.rs"x<wyxuªs?r$Ø,t_z{x8u>xrH<}u>vJwyxz*{yu}s3~u}z*w"z=u}Er
~ctrJr=6x8uªvVtr wyx8~<u>_.r&~csDs3u~ttu}ryrJÓ"yu>{yrx=s3rt¹}r _z**~tÙ>~cLÚ~tÛysÜ|~*s3yr"yrwyzw.>~_xu¯uª\.r
rtsHw.sHx8~cys©{yyrvVr\8s©sw.z\x:<u>8s¢zºy¬:yxrtªsc ¡¿trv¯"x=r¤ÝyÞ,ÞßJ>~Q<uª|~}ráàÜ~v¯w"u}z*~
.}u>vJwyx3z*{u}s3~u}z*QÚE~cÛ,sLy~\s3.r~©x<~\sDs?rv¯.}^<x8rtu>â_rHvVu¹}}r¢swrD<~8ryx=sãØä6~_x<x<~_t~>zN,yrH{u}}}r¢r¢>~
tz**yxy~<u>z*^räu}y~z. *q~¯~Ù}"r"~\s3z_w"z*yr&,r&>~¯å6¹{yu}sDu>z*y~*s3r~Jx8r3<x8~cysvVu}sN_r3}rv~_"ur s<~<u¹z*
rV*u>x=rDw.ry*~t_wys6rÜ\.u¬yryx3r sÜr=~&tzys3~tx8,r"z*v¯"x=rsr sÜvVu}sDsDu>z*ys6Ø&<¹{yyrvVr\D
æ
x=trsw.rD<~_}rJ"rJwyx8tsDr_rJwy~\sá~wyxuz*xuzs}r st}vVr\s&ss3rDw*<u}rtsr~_x~t_<u>xN,yr<z*xG3r
~t"\u¹r|rsrt}z*±¹r sitx8u¬¨x3rtsç|~cyu¬:.rt}}rvVr_J~t{~ty si*~ys"z x8rsz*_u}38BvVtu>~u}r$~D:yrt}¹r\ å6zsi}r s
y~x8r~tysD,*.uÑt~ty,u}*~8sÜuªsssN,rw.s3u}r"x=sz_"x=sN,r&*y~u>ut~<u}z*ysz*x<~t"uªsts*~c,sÜt~_.rwyxz*{u>y_r_
ÚE~cÛys©~\s3yrsDr*u}sw*8r_¢}r¤<u¬<x3rèrQc~_vJw.u}z*º~tºtzyx=s«"yrsDx8u¹r¹Dw"x=r"{yr s«x8uyzyx3rD.sDrvVr\
tzu>u}tr syx8~c_N}rrx<yu¹rxrvVuG¦<su}¨}r¯é.s~_rts¹u>vJwxz_{"uªs?~<u>z*ysxu>vVtr_s&r^yuªyê*vVr_u>_8rx<{"rcu}z*ysr
s3z*}zEs=u¬r&Øz*"rxNØJ^{yrx=sÜwyxzwzswy~_xN¹ryxÛ,wrx=s?z*~tyrtsØVu>t~x<yrxNë.>~u}s<rÓ}rts<NÓ>u>"u>t~<u>{.r
v~\u}s^,z**yr$"yrHu}tr¢rtsiyz|vyx3rDsrtsVz*_<x8~ucrts¯rtt,yu>_.r_s^yu&rt~**x8r_<}r¥.rx_u>_r* 6ì¯r^w.sDÜ}r s
u>vJwyx8z|{yu}s3~<u¹z*yss?z*_x~}u}sDtrtsri{yrx3st~t_ sØt~tw"r}>~Vs"xN\r~_u>x=stz**sz$tx8t_sÜwyzyxN<}z*t~\s3u>z*E .í"u
}rtsNx¨y}rts,r sr¥rx8ur ssDz|cÑ_z*.r srtsNt~y*u}*~sD"rVx8r{~tcyr "¹r_ssr=8ss3z*_zyx<yu}ssyx6rvVz*vLr\
wy~xyxÛî~x<y©rw"~_xG:~cyrx^}rtsHu>vJwyx8z|{yu}s3~<ryx3s$r<z*yD<u¹z*î,rtx8u¬¨xr siz_Dzyx=sãwysHsD{y¨x3r s
tz*vw\r^8r*Qr¢>~©_"~_>u¬8¢s3~tys^r ssDrH~vVt}u}z*x8tr¢rtsãwyx8rts<<~<u>z*yst Ñïè<u>~_}ÜwyzyxV}r¢sw.rD~<ryxVzQ:r
<t}tsw.rtD<~rDyxÜyz*$"~\s3tzw"yz*yrt}rsw.rtD<~_t}rJw.r\syxwyx<ry*x3r&w"~_xs?~Ls3zyxu}=wu}sr>~ivVu}sDrirðs3_¨.r
rts<BvVu>u>vC~*}rr=i<u}r_$~cî:~_>r_H>~D8ryxHr¤~\.r¤u>vwyx8z|{|u}s3~8ryx3Jrts¢~t_rtsDs3zu>xr s©uyr¥yu}s<<~c_8s$<z\
tz*vivVr8>~_tz*vJwy~t"rvLr_Bv¯su>t~_< å6z_*$<}u_8x3§=B*ás=wyrD~_t}r¤x3 s?u}r©u¹r¿sñyxH\~cys¢>~{"ux::yzs3u¬3
<rt"u}rt<>Ø\¦¹w"x8zwzsDç<}u{yr_u>{yu¬8~*~|u¹¨x3rèr=Bw.zD<u>rèrts¤t~ty*u}*~8s©_.uLs?~t{yr_H<~_u>x8r~_¬8rx<"rx
x8~c{|u¬VrD}"¨x3r38i\~cysJ}rD"x=s{yrx3sJr=Üwy~xG<~c|rx~t{yrt^}rçwy>u}^}ryx3s&vVz_u}z*ysDÑ}rD"x=sJs3~_x~*svVr sJz}ryx
syxwx8u}s3r<~_rØJr_sÑ:y¨vVr_su.xrt}¨{yr_~c\<~t_Ñr&<>~_D:"~_>u¬8t"r&>~{yu}r&.z u}u}r"r&rJ.>u>_8rx8xz*~<u}zs
wysÑwu}¹z|szwyu}.r sc
àNr36~_xG6*r&8>uªvwyx8z*{"uªs?~<u>z*<x8~u&_z*vivVr&"V{"x3u¬<~t"}r¯pwy"z*vV¨yrr¯sz*_u}3Cwy~_xN>rtsvVtu>~\s
rts<E~csDs3u|yVzDr3,rx8rt"rxtyrÜwy~_x:<u>y}u}¨x3rvVrcs<u>vy>~_Ez*vVvVrr&8vVzuªyr}rrx<yu}rx>u>{x3rrì¯r"uªs
q~cyz*x8rt,³È¯òÇtÌû}ÂD´´_Á¸|À»>½µÁȽÁ>w~_x:Ø<>~c\<z*vyrJÝ.ÞÞß^~c¥$t\u¬u}z*ys¡ªó|~x "ì&ryu}sq~cyz*x8rJE}rHr s<
wy~*s¢>ØØQs3zôz_,w¿E¹r sDs?~_u< ¡öõ÷÷,øJu>~t{~_u¬^w"x8zwyzys3©"yr¤~tww"x8z*yr¤yu}s<z\xu}r¢<x3¨ts¢tt>~*u>x8~t_<r_
prxG8s=y>~_x8u}svVr&i*~,syru>_rx{yr_8u}z$<~*u¬8rJ~ttzyx3s"$_z>}z,_.ru>_rx|~<u}z*~Óz*ys3~_tx¯Øçï&_<zu>.r
.>ïy~u}r* Nïù¹ztt~\s?u}z*QE,îr¥w.z|suªcu}¤pï&xtytz¹z*yu}r©_èyrxG8s=y>~_x8u}s?vVr*ú<u>&~c{|~u¬^=:"u}>~
tz*ys<<u¬:*8u>z*r<¹u>v¯w"x8z*{yu}s3~<u>z*w.z38u}.rr"r|x3r¢}u¬}x8~_u>xrsDzsB<}u>vJw.ªs?u}z*ªï&_8z*u>"r.>ïy~**u}rt
<}z*x<~cyu}s3~<ryxrtsi_z*"tz_"x=sir^.rx:8sy>~x8u*~c,si}rHt~_,x8r$rHsDrtsiûÓ§3r sçy~*s3rts^²õtü\ßý¦õcü\÷þ*ÖD Ñqr$}u>{x3r
tz}¹rDu>p&ÿ~t_:óyrD~tVJtz*ys3~_tx~cV~t_y~\s?_.r[>u}.~t\u¬&rÝyÞÞ*ÝV²:¡6. _¡ªó|~x8Öyu"~_{~uÑ~_}rvVr\
z*,y<}z*_t~*s3u}z¿>~twwyxz*<z*yu>x¢s3~Qx<¹rD¥.u}z*\~cysH"¿}z*,ô~_xGut¹ru>_<u¬:.}Qpq>®<{"rcu>z*¿ºt~cc
y~*s3yr&y
"!#$%&"'(*)+,-/.$!01.230*465)-/!7#,8%,':9"&6);!7<==>2
?A@ ,BC'DE9E&69 -/$F.BG4H&JI-/$.$#$3%&"'K(*)L+,-/.$2
x8rv~t"u}tr^_z*ys<<u¬:.r"¢~twwyz*x:t~twyu¬<~N\~cysy*z*v~*u>yr^r^x8rtcyrxyr$yu6~$_z|*¢y¢x8r~_uªE>u>_8x3§=
rw.uªs.rt}rtsN~cytr_sNz*vVvVrJrCvVzu>,yr_¹r sÑ<x8~c{|~c¥L,rÚ~<xu
×
x<óyu>âr=Ñrz¥rx8x~&~txâtu>~r_8x3r
~t*Gxr sc Vq>z"{x8~t"r¿,r¿ìJryu}sqÑ~tyz*x8,rºr s©wyx8tu}rD,¥öwy~x8trÓ>u}st>u>ys3txu¬Q*~c,s"yr_z|cu>*u¬¿rc
st>~cwwÛ~t_HsyxHrts¢xrttyrx8"r_s¢r ©~t*.rtqró*.z*~^r=Hrr~¯~x8u¬8s3"rt>~_x<z\Hr¿t>~_xuªss3~t\
yr~tyzwî¹rt~vJwîz*_rw\:.rt¯èrxG8s=y>~_x8u}svVr©r=i_rt|zt<~vvVr\rQx3rzyx8~cciؤrts$vV~x8yr_s
vVDyz*z}z*"u}rts$²:~_:x8zwz,}z*u}rt&r3<,|z,}z*yu}rtsDz*u}z*}z*yu}rtvJsuz}z*"u}rÖiu>~t{~_u}r_Jw"~\sBr|z*x=r¢33
sy<<u}s3~vvVr_sz\¹}u>_u¬8trts"s_>Øwyx8tsrc
ryz"{yrt>}rvLr_Ñr<>~tw,wyx8z*t"rrcyu}.rrxGs3>~_xuªs=vVr
qrtsx8zu}sÜwyx8rvVu¹rx3st~tw"ux8rtsz*ys<<u¬:.r_NrtsvVu}sDr_s~t^wyz,u>_Órttu}.r s6<x3¨tsNw"x8ttu}sDrtssyxNr=6~_x:
r8>uªvwyx8z*{"uªs?~<u>z* r_z*x3rw.rD tu>usDrt¹z_ rtstxu¬<¨x3rtss3u}r_8u>8u¹_.rtst Jì&~tys}rèwyx8rvVu¹rx¤t~cwyu¬<x8rt
pJà6~t_rxØV8>u>vw"x8z*{yu}s<r*ìJryu}sq~t"z\x3rJ~~_>Ûysr_rusrJwrx8°tz,urr=}r~_Du>{yu¬8w.z=u}.rCsu<}z,
~_*zw\riy¢w.zu>_Jr^{*.rr¥\xu}rD"x ïÒ>~¢syu¬r$r©~tyrtNq6ró*z||~*6rr~c¯~_xu¬8s3yrt>~xr=r^.u}r
.>~t\x8rtsVsw.u>~_>u}s<8rtsD6u}6w"x8zwzsriyu>,{yr_<~_u>x3r$rtsz\xvVr_sJw.z3<u}rtsJ*8u>}u}str sCwy~_xJ}rtsu>vwyxz*{yu}s3~<rD"x=st
²z*xGâtu>óyz~vC~x8x8róyzr3< Ör3rx3r}r{"Vr_s<Nu¹_u_z*vw"}<Jw"~_x¹r¯x3r_zyx=sØV>~iv¯su>_z¹z*u}rV.uu>_<x8z*.u
rts¤ztu}z*ys¤tz*vivVr}r±u>vJyx3rQz >~ wx8~\s?rèv¯su>t~_}r* ~uªs«tr s©w"x8rvVu}¨x3r s©w"~tyrts3<~cy>uªssDr_©r s
tz*vwy~x8~uªs?z_ysJ_>~_u>x~t_8rts~t{yr^>~c\<xr sJprx8x8~u,sN*.¹~t\:x8rtstz*_8u>"rcsD.>~t\x8rtswyx8u¹zrtsyu}s<<z*x8u}.r s
r¥w¹z\x swy~x*rts&~c_<x8zw.z*}z**rtsD,r_sJr=:,yz}z**.r sJr3r sJsw.u>~_}u}s<r sri¹z*x8~_>u¬_z*vv^rÚ ,vyz*x=
Q DzsDs3rz_ &z*z*ÛE
qrVsrt_z*yBt~twyu¬<xrLst>uªcu¬:y}r$p
×
DrD>~_*x8rtsDsrBr3u}uª\{"urØ$r¥w.}z*x8rx¹r_s¯szsD¦¹y~*sDs3rvVr_=s
x<"=<z*xu}rtsN.rx:8sy>~_xu}s3vVr* _ìJryu}s6q~cyz*x8rÛ~&xrt_zyx=s6عry§3r~t,wyx8¨tsNrtsÑwyx~<u>_u¹r,sÜr=Ñu}*<x8~c{|~u>}}r
Ø w"~txG<u>xô.>rx3ruªs<x8rvVr\sº²<r_<x3r3<u}rysºrD u>vwyx8z|{yu}s3~<u¹z*ys3Öx8~_}u}s sá~t{yrt r s¿rxG8s=y>~_x8u²¹¯~c*wyy
æ
>~_âtu>x3ru}¤u*yx8~&r3q~có|~Öryyx8~<u}z*ysÜ\u¹<8x=r_r sc í>~tww,Û|~c_syx>rts68z*y,rvVr\8s6xrt_sNr3>~<uysN"r
>~¯x=z*x8u}.rz*vVvVrJ}r<~_u¬ÑûE}z*x8r"_rìw.z*_*~tyss3~J*y§3r&C:yx8r&z$r&>~wyztsDu}r~ccu}.r sr¯<~cc
Ó>~_x:8slrÉ>~pwy~_xz\¹rÉ{u>{yr&*ìJryu}slq~t"z\xrÉ~ty~Û,sr <>~_x|u¬rtD:yxrÒ pyr s8r {yz*t~*ù"r
<}u>vJwyxz*{yu}s3~rDyx
ì&~tys¹r<xzu}s3u}¨v^rt~twyu¬<xr Ñp
×
$~xGNr>~ivVvVzu>x3r*rCs3z|c}rtst"rvVu>yrtvVr*8s_z|uu>8s&.u
u>_rx{yu}ryr_*~tysJ}rçvVzvVr*rV<}uªv¯wyx3z*{u}s3~<u}z*¢ri>~c\<ryx&st}r8z*x8tr^rvVrD¹<x8r~cCDzyx .ìJr sJs3zsD¦
<u¬<xr s_z*vvVr$pJàN~x}<r s_x8yx~_}rtsN$zp&ìJrtsJu>vC~yrtsJr¢r s}u}r¥LãvVz*_<x3r_Nyu¹rðÓ¹u}x8rt"rxtyri}r s
<z*y*~<u}z*ys6vVr*<~_}rtsN."ãpyrts<8rrtx8~<u}z|¯"yu}.rJrx~_tu>y\~cysÑyx3 srx{yzu>x6r&pJu¹rD¥$¯²_r¥L"r
>~öx|3z\xu}rl_>~*sDs3u}.rÖ~c¥tz*v.u|~*u}s3z*ysz_tDzyx3sx8ryzy{"rt}tr_sºr3 r|xu>tyu}rts wy~xô>rl8u>¬<x3r r_s
wyrx=s3z|~_}u¬ ss3u.u>{yrx=srtsNrtsNtx3~<ryx=sc *q~¯s<:x<"D:x8r.}z*¥Û,vVz\x3rC<u¬<x3rr&<¹z_"{x8~cyr .pq~vVz*u>x3r"r
<}u>ys<~t_*u>y*u}.rHu}r_r3}r*u>x3rDu}z*Q,rx8rtcyrx8yr* ®<J>~¤tz*vwy}r¥yu¹<u}r¤r|z*x=r©>z\x3s3[>u¹¯{yz,_.r>~
u>vVrysu}z*¿suJwy~_x:<u>y}u}¨x3r¿x~twwyz*x:$~t{rQ¹r¤wy¹ur3$>~s3u¬:y~<u}z*¹yz*_u>~<u}z*rô~_~>Ûys3~t_$:r
p_t}¨yx3r^.rx:8sL¢uªvwyx8z*{"uªs^wy~xJ¯~t"u}rxJïvyx8u>ât~¹z\x3sir¢>~¢<u>~_}r¢t~v¯w.u}z*,|~JrQõ÷"ü\Þ¤y~cy
_ru}¦tu.wy~x<{u>_6Øtx8u}s<<~>u}srxN<}uªcrys3u¬8JvVz_<u¹z*yrt}¹r¯.>,yrw.xu}zrJ*x8~tv~u}r¯²>~<u>L$ûEx~tyu}s3vVrÖ
wyzyx}rÚ~tÛys"~\s3.rVr<~uªs?~t_.yyriz*"trw.rx3s3z*yrt¹}rV²<}rit_¨tsJrVsz*$wyxzwyx3rJw¨x8r~}z*x=s_.rV.u}¦
vV§tvVrsDr6<x8z"{~_u¬r¯w"x8u}s3z*yÖu>yz"}u>~ty}ru>ys<~t_rz*vv"yu}z*~t{yr}rtsNswrD<~<rD"x=st
q>u>{"rcu>z*VVärxG8s=y>~_x8u}svVr
qrts,rD¥Vc~twyu¬<x3rts6_r_<x8~c¥Ls3z*_w.sÑwy~_x:<u>y>u}¨x=rvVr*tz*ys3~tx8tsNØ"r~cwwyxz\"ryu}s<<z*x8u¹_.r&*
yrxG8s=y>~_x8u}s?vVr$rð~t_&.r$yrx3r$>u¬}x~_u>x8r$z,s8u¬:.\ ®<:sJwyzyxx8~_u>r_&z*vJwzsrxr¤r¥¦:vV§v^r_sJ"¢wr3u
zy{x~tyr* ì&~cys¹r¯c|~cwyu¬<x8r®¯p&q~<~cyx8u>.r¯."L8z,>ó}z*x=ry~\s3.r*.ìJryu}sq~t"z\xrJ~tyz*x8,r¯}rJs r=Nrc
yu}s<<z*xu}r$r&>~¯¹u¹8x8~:x8r* *¡Vx3rtu}s3~c_¹r s~t*<rD"x=sN.uEz**{yz.&}rtsÜwyx8zyDu}z*ysy¬:yx3r¹}r s-y~\s?_.rts~c
! )39H-:&#"F-:5&[3BX!%$P &$('') !;01.2*&H4J+,5,+"P.)4H)!<==<2
,.-,/$-/-:)10)-:[&)!23715463774W8'6L H 9' ':)6;Q =<>:LH7?<;<7!30A.C20A@+"D" !6B !_```2
-,/$-/-/)0)-:[8&6);!&CD*&H4 .7BE ) ,',)8-/$% )- .7B-)3%)F ! ! )39H-:&G"P-:5&6[BHC! -/$8'^9E) 9E[3)8&64H$3)IF/!JA =K7L3LG !K01.2 0Q9E,-/!
<==NMX2
OP )%B$4(*$5B,%)8!QJ3R3 6 !W_3`M>2
S.-$3)%8@P)-/&J9'OQT $34T )3-!;*U3 61VA L+W;XA:Y7ZZN3! 0A.28ZY5)'/!W_`[`2
Ó}rt¹}ryzyx8xur3}ryx=s6~c\<ryx=sNs?z__wyxz|xr ssDu>{"rvVr\_z*ys<utsNr&<~t_Ó¹z_tDr38s6.}3:.r sNs?_u}r_uu}rtsD
vVzt8u>8sçr s<y3<u}.r sçr=NÛ*wrtsJy¬:yx3rªsc ÓàÜr=}r^=rçwy~\ss3u}z**~crV.u-sc>~tww"u}rLs"xH|x~tHyz*vJyx3r^r
x88x3r_rtsJwy~x8<z*u}swr±z**rtsD[wr¢\<u¹}u}sDtrtsz±tu¬tr\sJ*~tysç}r^t~_*x3rL,r sç¡E:yrtsJ"~\s3.r sD²:¡Ñx<yu¬8sJ"r
<>ï&t~*vVu}r&rt¬<u}rt"¡Ñy§38rûz\x:<z}"r3< Ösrx{y¨t}rw.x8rts3rN<xz_w^_zyx:<rt~_x6}r}rtD8ryxÑw.rD^<~_vVu>}u¹rx
rº>u}s<8z,uxr ,rº>~ u¬}x8~yx8r y~*s3r<xz_"{yr vC~<u}¨x8rØ x38}r¥.uz| *~c,s r=}r~tww"x8z*tyr <z Dzyx3s
u>_xr sDs?~t_8r r=wy~x8<z*u}sô,tt~twy~ccr\ ^¡ÑÒr8r=8H<>~cwwyx8z,yrºu}s<z*x8u}.rásrºz.}r~t.sDs3u,rº_rt>}rlr
<}r3<,yz>z**rJyu"w.z\x:<rVx3r~_x&<~t_<êtÑ~_vJsN<~t_ê [rt~cytzwVw"4.ss{y¨x3r&syx6>~Cp<xu4,LJr_ss3~c{~t_8sD
rts$x<"u¬8s$r3ir sã8z*>óy}z*xuªs8rts$yuz*_V3:.\u¹¢~©y¬:.x8rBy~\s3.rLz_*~tQ¹z**Q¯®<r¢s3u}¨t_¹r\ íyzs
<>~t~_ªÛ,srwrx8r&>~¯txu¬<u}rد<}~x8V."Ls3u}¨t}r&.}rt<z\x:8srys6{yrx=s>~p&tz*ysrx{~uz|LJ~tV"z*v E.r
tz*yrDw*<u}z*Jyr3}8rv^r_wysÑ{yu¬<~_¹uªs8rr>~&y¬:"x=r*
qr$c|~cwyu¬<x3rsyuª{|~c_r s¯uªcu}¢pq~H~_u}sDs3~c|r¤.rx:8sy>~_xu}svVr&y Ñì&~tysi_rtsçwy~t"r sDÜ<>~t\<ryx
vVz*_<x3rz*vvVr\H_rÛ\w.rèrtx3~<u}z*.>~tyz*x3ôu>~cwyrtx8°ºt~tx¢u*{yu}s3u}rèr¿z*D8u¹z_ºrts©tx8u¬¨x3rts"r
y"rvVr\r s:y38u}.rVri>~Vw.x8u}z,rVrts<z*ys3~_txVrL~t_r^pyrx3rV¹u¹<x~_u>x8rØ^>~^8u>H_H®:CrVsu}¨_}r*
àNr_<xtr$syxJ}r siàNz*"tz_"x=s.¹u>vwyx8z|{yu}s3~<u>z*¤z*x<~tyu}s sCw~xï_8zuªyr$.>ïy~cyu}rt68}3:y,rsDriwyzyx3syu¬w"~_x
<}{yz*t~<u}z*r¢>~¢w.xu}zr©r¢8¹rcx8rt¦<r¥.¦:*rx8xr sãv~\xytrHwy~_xi>~¢w.rx3s3z*~_¹u¢rzsDrHï&x8u¹âD<u>vyz
pï¯u¬<â_z.¢²õtü\÷,þ¦õ÷ýþ|Ö.uz*_<x8u"~^yr~tyz_,wØ$<}uys8<u¬:*<u>z*~_}u}s3~<u}z*¢¢rxGsy>~_xuªs?vVr^r<~t_Er
wyxz\yDu}z*¤¬:"x8rt>}rH~t\<z|yz*vVr* àr=¹8r^w"~_xGu}r^wyxry¤t~_}rvVr*r_z*vJw\r>~Hw.xu}zrH_z*_rv¯w.z*x8~u>yr
wyu}s3Ó¹rt}}rHtx8u¬J~H}r_rV<x8~cys3<z*x8v~uz|±r$>u>vwyx8z|{yu}s3~<u>z*p&~xGvCu>"ryx¯zr$srt_z*y£u>{yr~tL¢rc
tx8~u}z*^wz,=<u¹_.rØw"~_x}Nr_<u}¨x3r~t{yrV}z*x<~t"uªs?~<u>z*,r\s~v¯w.u}z*,|~8srJÚE~cÛysy~\s?_.rrw"uªs<>~twyx¨ s¦
*rx8xrsÓ>Øô>~<u>lr s©~cytr_sü\Þ. ®8tu}&z\H~t\<~_¢.rQ>~ vVD<yz,r"uªs<z*x8u}.rQ"}rts<¢}rèx8r~_x
s3z*_u¹z\¹z*yu}.r¯.uÓr_s6vVu}sØz*_<x8u*<u}z*$*~,s}rJx3r¹r{yrtsu>ys<<~c|r srJ_z*ystx~<u>z*yrtsÜwyy"z*vV¨yr\s
rJx3rz*~_u}sDs3~c_rr3rJ{~*>z*x8u}s3~u}z*sDz*u~}rts~_u>ys3uÑ_.rJwy~tx~irts3tx8uw\<u¹z*r>~V<uª\"x8rr3r>~çwyzs<:yx3r
rts<<"=u}rrxG8s=y>~_x8u<
qrrxu}rxHt~cwyu¬<x3r«pïyzr3<~\Hõø _rvyxr¿õ÷"ü\÷xr>~8r¤}rèx8z¹rvVr\Hr>~Q<uª|~}r*
~v¯w.u}z*~Võ÷ü\÷^r3t>~_xurys"urV>~iwyrx=sw"rtD<u>{yrJwy~xyrJwyx sr_<~<u>z*¢r8>uªvwy~_D.rx:8sy>~x8u}svVr
rö<~t_.rºw,yyz*v^¨yr y¬:yx3r«s=yx>~ösDz*_u¹=º.~\s?_"r z*_8rvw.z*x8~_uyr* $q>~_~>ÛysDrl3<~_u}¹}tr r
<}{y"rvLr_yu~{*¢_rNDzyx3¦:>ØV>~Vz*ysDttx~<u>z*,r_ qzwy~<r"uvVrDrH4"vVu}¨x3rV<}{yz,4*<u}z*$x3r_8ri_
yrx3r&pyrxGsL" í"uy<}uªvwyx8z*{"uªs?~<u>z*V3<~_u¬~c\<x8r8z,uªs6<>~cwy~t~t"r&r{yu>xG:"z|srts6x8rwyx3 sr_<~<u>8s6VvVz|yrx<yx~_
y~*s3tzwyz*yrtrt>}r¯rts<N,r{yr*r&~cDzyxª*uyrwyx~<u>.rCs3~c{~t_<rJrVwyxuªsrJ\u>x3rD8r¯s=yx6V,yu>{yrx=sy¬:yxrt
y~*s3yrzy{yrxGsyxN}rJvVz*"r*~tysN<z\rCs?~V*u>{yrx=s3u¬\ "¡¹}rr sN}rJ<~_u¬.ªyz*vvLrtsr=rJ8rvVvVr_s[Dry"r sr=
vVtu>~uªsts&Øi~iv~tyu¹¨x3rrts~t*<x8rts~_x:<u}s<<rts&r3N*x8~u>yryH~x<yrw"}u>VrtsDsDr_u}rt}}rvVr*6yx<"~_uy{yz*\8u¹z*
vVz*x~twyu¹_.rr3s3ztu}z,}z*yu}.rzy}u>yr* "ì¯rwysDr=}rwyx8~D<u>.rz\N~t.sDs3u¹uu}s<r¯Ó>~c\<x8r8z,uªswyzyx}r_s
vVrtu}}¹rDyx3sD.st>rts<6=ry.r&د<¹r,srv.}r&r&>~s3ztu}3y~\s?*yr&r<~t_.rwyx~<u>r.¬:yx8rt¹}r&s3_z>~uxr&rD"r
}z*u}sDu>xØN:x8~c{rx3s6}rNw"yz*vV¨yr&,r sNpJ_z¹r sÜrN.rx:8sy>~x8uy"
×
yrÜwyx8~<u>_.r"yx3r}¹rN.u}r¯{"u>{~t_8r
ì&~tys¹rVrx<yu¹rxt~twyu¬<xr_z*vv^rV*~tys>~V_z||s3u}z*yìJryu}sq~t"z\xrvVrDr¢{yu}r_r>~\swyrtD
{yu¬<~u}s<rrsz*x3r|~x8. ¡Vr<r="u"vVz|\<x8rÜu¹rV_.r_r3~x}r8>uªvwyx8z*{"uªs?~<u>z* yyuª{yrx3s3rt}}rvVr*wyx8~<u>_.
st>rts<&uª,s<~_>}^r^<~_°tz|_"x8~t"r^*~ysJ~By¬:yx3ry~*s3r^rs.u>{~t_yr${"z\\u}z*¢uNyuNr_swyx8zwyxr\ ®<
st>~c|u¬Ø*s?rv¯.}r_¦>8¦:u}}6."yrwyx~<u>.rL"yx3r}¹rwyxz*vVuGsrVØ^".rt6~t{yryu>x .ïº<x8~c{yrx=sJ}r^{yrt¹z_w,wrvVr\
.}tz\¹r_sèr=©E>~rtu¹rx3sD^}rtsHDryyrtsyyx8~<u>z*ysèz*_xrwyx8u}s}r<>~v¯.r~cörô<¹u>v¯w"x8z*{yu}s3~<u}z¿z\¤r
x8rz"{yrt>~__Ñx8~c|,rvLr_N}rts8z*xvVr s_z|vvLrJ}r sz*_8r.s~cVwyz*u>_6E¹rL<~_u>x3r$>~t"z\x~<z*u>x8rJr&tx3~<u¹z*
wy~x}<u>y}u}¨x3rvVrcu>vw.z*xG<~cc-wyzyx>~V>~c*rJ_z*_rvwz*x~_uyrr3}rtsvVz¨t}r_sr s<y3u}rts&Ó¹rt}}rJ{y"u.}r*
¡ysyu¬r Ñ}ri<~_u¬Óy"rwy~xG<u>r&z_t3zyx=swys3ryriE>"rJwzw.>~<u}z|ðrtsDsrcu}rt>}rv^rc"x<y~u4"rvVz*\x8r
s3z*¤u>_8x8§3w.zyxJ_r3}8r^~D8u>{u¬$tx3~<x8u>trV<z\Jryuz*8x8~ccy"r^{yzt~<u>z*rvy}vV~u}r$y~*s3u>vVr\
.}z*x8*x3ru¹r_8u¬<~uxr~*sDsyxrØ<>u>vwyx8z|{|u}s3~<u}z*JVs<<~:\rNv~_x_.ryxy¬:yxrty,rNwyx3rvVu}rxwy>~tE
à&>rts<>Ø*.s8~cysNz\<rt"}ryx6r&>~:¨ sr&rìJryu}sNq~cyz*x8rr38>~cwwyz*xG[wx8u_uwy~_.yyrx}rD¥.u}z,
yzyxx8u>rJwy~_x}rx3r_zyx3s&Ø^*r svVDyz,z\¹z*yu}rts&tx3z*u}sDtr_sc EàNr3}rVv~_xyr^r s<Üwy~x8<~_u¬<rvVr_u}>s<x=trJw"~_x>~
tu¬<~u}z«,rLÚ~ty ¯rÛyrHrB8>~t\rDyxJ~HvuªsrHr±r¥.rxyr$*~ysV>~Bwy~t"r$rB|~x8*rHr$sDz*¤}u>{x8rJéNp
×
.r
y¬:yxrrts<yu}r¤vVz*xGr$y~cy¤z*±>~¢try~c«>u}rQrH<>u>{yr_rx6y Ñq~¢*vVz*s<x8~uzrts<Jx8sDs3u}r* Ñï
<x<~c{yrx3sNtr3}r&=yr&ãp.rx:8sy>~_xu}svVr&\">~Jy¬:yxr"~\s3yr_z|crvw.z\x~_uyr"rw"~_x<~Ù>[wy~_s6{rx=srx6*~tys6.r
v~_xtyrriw}z*x~<u>z*z¢rV.>~c\<z¦<t}D"x8~uz|$vC~*uGsyu}r*~ysy^wyxz*_r_sDs.s&rJx3ryz{yrt}¹rvLr_r=
x8rt"rxtyr r~t_|xzwz*}z*"u}r rr=*yz}z*"u}rör3r s?z\u}z*}z*yu¹r ¤ìJryu}s q~tyz*xr ±ªytsDu¬rlwy~\s r
u>_<xz\.D<u}z*¤_z*vv^rrz_"_s3u}z|±Ø¢~t~c|,z*yrx<}yz*u~<u}z*pyr\<x8r£|~cyu¬:.rt}}rvVr\J~¹G~ytr$Ø
<}ry.§=rs3tu}r_8u>u}rw.zyxNu>_rx{yryu>xNØ>~Jwyx8rvVu}¨x3rw.rxDs3z*,yr¯r36<~*uxrwy~xG6~t$>rDryxr_z*ysu}x8~uz|,s
wysÑwyrx=s?z*yrt}¹r s6.uyxryr_}rz*VV}u{|x3rÜwy~_x:<u>y>u}¨x3rvVr\{"u>{~t_D
×
t~v¯wVrx8rtcyrxyrzy{yrxG
àNr3zy{x8~cyr{u}r_z*8u>xvVrxwy~x,yrVry.§=r^rtsw.s¯s?rxx8trtsri}rVc~_vJwrtsw"x8z.D<u}z*s
>u>*.uªs<u}rtsBr=¹u¹8x8~uxr sã_z*v~*u>yrBy~\s?_.rBÓ}rts<Jwy~*s^:x8tr_$w"~_xV>rts$srDy}sB>u>*u}s<rts$r3~t*Gxr s
swy_u>~}u}s<8rtsr>~L>u¬}x~:"x8r* y®<Ñr s<>~_xyrvVr_z_,{yrx:NØ^.>~t\<xr su}s3tuw.}u>yrts&tz|vVvVrV<>~{~_u¬<3ØVvVz|cx8
<}r¥rt>}r_>u>{x3rr>~vJsuz>z**r~|~}u}r z*x3rtª¦äNzx8zt<x~~x8_rvv^r__z*ys3~tx8Ø
æ
wx8~~*s3yr=
äNu}rLr_ry,}r&>u>{x3r,rìJryu}s6q~cyz*x8rE¹Dw.u}sDrÜwy~\s6>~Jrts<u}z*VãpyrxG8s"~x8u}s?vVr" _q}3:"r
:yv~u}rwyx8zwyx3rvVr\Ü}u¬}8x8~u>x8rr3N}u>**u}s<u}rrtswyxzyDuz|,s~_u>ysuÓ.r}ryx{|z,4*8u>z*$~tHtz_"x=sr_s
r¥ rx<"u}rx3s¤s3u}¨_}rts¤¦¹wy~_xH~_u>>}ryx3sz_*~cysDs3uVu_x3rtss3~c_<rQ.r_rt¹}r s<<~\¢s3z*tu}z¦:yu}s<<z*xu}rèr
<}u>vJwyxz*{yu}s3~u}z*y¦ÑE}rts<Ñwy~\s~t"z\xtrJ\~cys³ÑÈ&òÇtÌ&û}´&¾.´¯¸|À»>½µ ÁÈ,½Á< ìr&vV§vVrt~x}r¥u}z|ãsyxN>~Jyzt<u¹z*
rVpwyztsDu¹r¯rJ_u>x_z*ys<<~c_rãr=N>~Jw.z3<u}rJ"yx~_}rJ*^.rx:8s$rv~_"r_"yr3:.r&~tw,wyx8z*8z|y*u}r\ ,¡6
>~HvC~<u}¨x3r 6}rtsx3rv~_x_"~ty}rtsi=rtsir r~¯~_xu¬8s3yrt>~x&r3&,r3y~c,¦%©~_xuNqró*z*~ NvVx3u¬8rx8~u}rt\
.}§3<x3r&x8rwyxuªsrtsr=6z*_<u>*tr_sc ÚE~txvCur~t"_zw.>~t*<x8rts6<x<~t{~t,¥.<>~txGut¹r¯Óªï"x=}u}rï&x8z\c~\¦íyt~x8tu>~~
tz*ys3~tx8&Ø>~Jwyz3u}rJrts&p&Úzts3u}r_sD¦¹wyxu}¨x=rtsØ<>u>_8r_u}z*$rtsvC~x8uys z$ry_z*xr¯<}z"{x8~t"r&rJÚE~t"}z
®<âD:.r=~ðs"x¯>rtsJwyxzyD<u}z*ysir$txu¬<u}rB}u¬}8x8~u>x8r^rH¹r_<x8r_¦:r,¥¦:*.rxx8rts
úz*_&vVz|cx8^_z*v.u}r¤ur_s8
~t=zyx.>*uJ"t_rtsDs3~_u>x3rr3^wyxz*<u~ty}r¤r¤x3r{yu}s3u¬rxH}rtspvVz**"vVrcs>u¬}x~_u>x8rts©ry*z*x8vVu}sNsrt}z*ôr_s
wyrx=sw.rD<u>{yrtsJtx8u¬<u}.r sz"{yrt}}rtst .Ú~_xs?z_¢3:yrirV<}uªs<<u¬:\uz|~_}u}s3~<u}zðHrxGsy>~_xuªs=vVrVrL<~c_Er
pyrx=r^}u¬}x8~_u>xrBì¯ryu}sJq~cyz*x3rV~$~cwwyz*xGL,r sCvC~8x8u>~t¥¢z"{yr~c¥6ss3trw\uy}r_s.¹z\<<xu>x¯}rtsy~*s3r s
.yx8r"z_"{yrt}¹rvVr\r>~&x8ryrx8t"rsyxÑtr sÜz*v~_u>yrts6w"rDV~cyz*x8ts6~tVtzyx3s6r s6,rxyu}¨x=rts6~t,ytr sc _Úz_"x
x8rwyxry*x=r~ vV=~twyz*xr~_xytz}z*u}.rQ.rQ<>~c\8ryxH~_<<rtD<u¹z*yr¤w"~_xGu"u¹¨x3rvVr\8ç}rtszu>}}rts¤sDz|c
vVz*v^rc~tyv^rcÑu>_8rx8xz*vJwrts6v~_u}s6u}"rts<s3zy~u~ty}r*yr~x8tzy{"rx::yx8rV|~_<u}rxyr6<~_x*rNwy~*sGxzwÓ
)39T )34H& $ P ,-/$4"D:*,-/,9H-/)!8 ;3L '38!0A.28Z:[7^$T& !<==NM2
-$)%9@ )-/&9' O7T $4T )-!36;QU86L3H3H6+VAH31WX; XA:YQZZ#3!0A.C2Z"5)'! _`[`X2
: -B)3%XDDP )3-/&(*$ 5B,%)8! $+ZIK5<3< :3L!0*. 20*-/$&6%!W_3`a< 2
Y?
N
B-/$34H&6)
N - O , OQT
)D
@O )-
O
&6);! WZ3 3P 7L 6 3_H F6L7H:33H6] 3H )6 A; 3
)731 6L3 '33 )3>::L]L?UIY 3L!7(*)7^B-/.7BE B ZZ/!<==<2