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(1)Copyright © NRC 1941 - 2019 World Rights Reserved © CNRC 1941-2019 Droits réservés pour tous pays.

(2) Copyright © NRC 1941 - 2019 World Rights Reserved © CNRC 1941-2019 Droits réservés pour tous pays.

(3) Copyright © NRC 1941 - 2019 World Rights Reserved © CNRC 1941-2019 Droits r. 1-.--' I I L. 11>. The Secretary Canadian Commission on Building and Fire Codes National Research Council Ottawa, Ontario. KIAOR6. FIx I stamp I here ..J.

(4) Copyright © NRC 1941 - 2019 World Rights Reserved © CNRC 1941-2019 Droits ré. PLEASE MAIL THIS CARD TODAY The Supplement to the National Building Code of Canada 1990 is subject to periodic review, which may result in amendments being published from time to time. Also, the NBCINFC News contains explanatory articles and comments on the contents of the National Building Code and the National Fire Code, together with an announcement of the Code changes and the schedule of any seminars held across the country to discuss these changes. To receive your free copy of any amendments to the Supplement and the NBCINFC News, we ask that you complete this card and return it immediately.. 4\. Name Address. Area of Work (please check box) Architect Engineer Builder Contractor Other Specialization. Owner I Developer Manufacturer Student I Educator Government employee.

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(6) Copyright © NRC 1941 - 2019 World Rights Reserved © CNRC 1941-2019 Droits réservés pour tous pays. Supplement to the National Building Code of Canada. 1990. Issued by the Associate Committee on the National Building Code National Research Council of Canada.

(7) Copyright © NRC 1941 - 2019 World Rights Reserved © CNRC 1941-2019 Droits réservés pour tous pays. First Edition 1980 Second Edition 1985 Third Edition 1990. ISSN 0700-1207 ©National Research Council of Canada 1990 Ottawa World Rights Reserved NRCC No. 30629 Printed in Canada Second Printing Includes revisions and errata of January 1991 and 1992.

(8) Copyright © NRC 1941 - 2019 World Rights Reserved © CNRC 1941-2019 Droits réservés pour tous pays. Table of Contents. .•...••••••••.•....•••••••..•.•.•••••.•..•...••••..•.•.. v Preface Committee Members •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• vii Chapter 1 Climatic Information for Building Design in Canada ••••••••••••• 1 Chapter 2 Fire-Performance Ratings •••••••••••• 31 Chapter 3 Measures for Fire Safety in High Buildings .............................. 67 Chapter 4 Commentaries on Part 4 of the National Building Code of Canada 1990 ............................... 131. iii.

(9) iv. Copyright © NRC 1941 - 2019 World Rights Reserved © CNRC 1941-2019 Droits réservés pour tous pays.

(10) Copyright © NRC 1941 - 2019 World Rights Reserved © CNRC 1941-2019 Droits réservés pour tous pays. F. Preface. The Supplement to the National Building Code 1990 is published by the Associate Committee on the National Building Code and contains material intended to assist the Code user in applying the Code. However, the user is not precluded from using other approaches provided that they are acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction. The Supplement is made up of the following four chapters: Chapter 1 Climatic Information for Building Design in Canada. This Chapter contains information on the climatic loads to be expected in all parts of Canada. It is through the use of these climatic factors, with appropriate adjustments for climate variation in different localities, that the Code can be used nationally. Chapter 2 Fire-Performance Ratings. This Chapter provides a guide to the determination of the combustibility, flame spread rating and smoke developed classification of construction materials and fire-resistance ratings of construction assemblies in relation to the provisions of the Code. It gives a procedure for calculating the fire-resistance rating of construction assemblies based on generic descriptions of materials used in the assemblies.. Chapter 3 Measures for Fire Safety in High Buildings. This Chapter contains material in support of the high-rise requirements in Part 3. Chapter 4 Commentaries on Part 4. Chapter 4 consists of explanatory material and related technical information useful to the designer in the application of the design requirements in Part 4 of the Code. Comments and inquiries on aspects of this supplement pertaining to the interpretation and use of the National Building Code should be addressed to the Secretary, Associate Committee on the National Building Code, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario KIA OR6. Requests for technical information of a non-Code nature are also welcome and should be directed to the Technical Information Group, Institute for Research in Construction, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario Kl A OR6. Related Documents The National Research Council of Canada publishes other code-related documents that are of interest to code users.. National Building Code of Canada 1990 A model set of technical requirements designed to establish a standard of safety for the construction of buildings, including extensions or alterations, the evaluation of. v.

(11) Copyright © NRC 1941 - 2019 World Rights Reserved © CNRC 1941-2019 Droits réservés pour tous pays. buildings undergoing a change of occupancy and upgrading of buildings to remove an unacceptable hazard. National Fire Code of Canada 1990 A model set of technical requirements designed to provide an acceptable level of fire protection and fire prevention within a community. Canadian Plumbing Code 1990 Contains detailed requirements for the design and installation of plumbing systems in buildings. Canadian Farm Building Code 1990 A model set of minimum requirements affecting human health, fire safety and structural sufficiency for farm buildings. Canadian Housing Code 1990 (NEW) A compilation of all requirements from the National Building Code 1990 that apply to houses, including detached, semi-detached and row houses without shared egress. Measures for Energy Conservation in New Buildings 1983 A set of minimum requirements that provide the basis for improving the energy use characteristics of new buildings. Commentary on Part 3 (Use and Occupancy) of the National Building Code 1990 Discusses the overall arrangement and the basic concepts and terminology of Part 3, and provides examples to illustrate and explain the more complicated requirements in that Part. Commentary on Part 9 (Housing and Small Buildings) of the National Building Code 1990 (NEW) Describes the principles behind many of the requirements of Part 9 and some of the historical background where this will assist users in understanding the objectives of certain provisions. ACNBC Policies and Procedures 1990 Contains the terms of reference and operating procedures of the ACNBC and its standing committees, a statement on the supporting role of the Institute for Research in Construction of NRC and the membership matrices for the various standing committees.. vi. Copyright. Copyright in the National Building Code is owned by the National Research Council of Canada. All rights are reserved. Reproduction of the Council's copyright material by any means is prohibited without the written consent of the NRC. Requests for permission to reproduce the National Building Code must be sent to: Head, Codes Section, Institute for Research in Construction, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A OR6. Ce document est egalement publie en fran~ais..

(12) Copyright © NRC 1941 - 2019 World Rights Reserved © CNRC 1941-2019 Droits réservés pour tous pays. Associate Committee on the National Building Code and Standing Committees. Associate Committee on the National Building Code. J. Longworth (Chairman) J.E Berndt (2) (Deputy Chairman) R.W. Anderson O.D. Beck DJ Boehmer R Booth (1) K.W. Butler J.N. Cardoulis (l) H.E. Carr S. Cumming G.s. Dunlop V.C. Fenton S.G. Frost B. Garceau E Henderson(1} D. Hodgson R.M. Horrocks J.C. Hurlburt G. Levasseur E.1. Lexier L. Lithgow. (l). (2) (3). E.J. Mackie P. Masson (1) W.M. Maudsley (1) D.O. Monsen J.R Myles EL. Nicholson E-X. Perreault J. Perrow L. Pringle 0) R. Sider 0) M. Stein A.D. Thompson A.M. Thorimbert J.E. Turnbull E. Y. Uzumeri H. Vokey RJ. Desserud (2) RH. Dunn 0) R.A. Hewett (2) R.A. Kearney (3). Term completed during preparation of the 1990 Code IRC staff who provided assistance to the Committee IRC staff whose involvement with the Committee ended during the preparation of the 1990 Code.. Standing Committee on Occupancy. DJ Boehmer (Chairman) D.E.R Anderson C. Czarnecki w.s. Drummond C. T. Fillingham J.-C. Labelle A.E. Larden RL. Maki (1) L.S. Morrison J.-P. Perreault G. Sereda C. Simard C.A. Skakun. W. T. Sproule G.C. Waddell (I) RT. Wayment E.K. Zorn (l). A.J .M. Aikman (2) J.E Berndt (3) RB. Chauhan (2) M. Galbreath (3) G.C. Gosselin (3) A.K. Kim (2) H.W. Nichol (2). Standing Committee on Structural Design. V.C. Fenton (Chairman) L.D. Baikie R.L. Booth (1) W.G. Campbell (1) A.G. Davenport B. deV. Batchelor G.A. Dring T.A. Eldridge M.J. Frye R. Gagne M.1. Gilmor (1) R. Halsall D.J.L. Kennedy L.C. King E. Lerner. J.G. MacGregor B. Manasc (I) C. Marsh A.M. McCrea M.J. Newark W. Noseworthy RE Riffell J.K. Ritchie R Schuster R. V. Switzer S.M. Uzumeri G.L. Walt (1) D.E. Allen (2) D. A. Lutes (2) vii.

(13) Copyright © NRC 1941 - 2019 World Rights Reserved © CNRC 1941-2019 Droits réservés pour tous pays. Standing Committee on Fire Performance Ratings. E.Y. Uzumeri (Chairman) J.R. Bateman H.J. Campbell D.B. Grant (4) H.A. Grisack F.P. Higginson H. Jabbour H.A. Locke W.M. Maudsley (l) R.J. McGrath P. Mercier-Gouin (1) J. Rocheleau (1). G.D. Shortreed D.C. Stringer J.U. Tessier C.R. Thomson L.W. Vaughan R.B. Chauhan (2) G.C. Gosselin (3) T.T. Lie (2) R. A. Kearney (2) J-J. Shaver (3). NBC/NFC French Technical Verification Committee. F.-x. Perreault (Chairman) R. Ashley (1) G. Bessens G. Harvey S. Lariviere H.C. Nguyen (1) G. Pare. (1) (2) (3). (4). J.-P. Perreault 1. Wagner D. Chaput (3) L. Pellerin (3) L.P. Saint-Martin (2) J. Wathier (2). Term completed during preparation of the 1990 Code IRC staff who provided assistance to the Committee IRC staff whose involvement with the Committee ended during the preparation of the 1990 Code. Deceased. viii.

(14) Copyright © NRC 1941 - 2019 World Rights Reserved © CNRC 1941-2019 Droits réservés pour tous pays. Chapter 1 Climatic Information for Building Design in Canada. Introduction ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 3 General. •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 3. January Design Temperatures ........................ 4 July Design Temperatures Heating Degree-Days. .............................. 5. ...................................... 6. Rainfall Intensity ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 6 One-Day Rainfall •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 6 Annual Total Precipitation. .............................. 7. Snow Loads. ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 7. Wind Effects. •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 8. Seismic Zones ............................................... 10 References. •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 1 0. Design Data for Selected Locations in Canada ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 13. 1.

(15) 2. Copyright © NRC 1941 - 2019 World Rights Reserved © CNRC 1941-2019 Droits réservés pour tous pays.

(16) Copyright © NRC 1941 - 2019 World Rights Reserved © CNRC 1941-2019 Droits réservés pour tous pays. Chapter 1 Climatic Information for Building Design in Canada. Introduction The great diversity of climate in Canada has a considerable effect on the performance of buildings, consequently, their design must reflect this diversity. This Chapter explains briefly how the design weather values are computed and to present recommended design data for a number of cities, towns and smaller populated places. Through the use of such data appropriate allowances can be made for climate variations in different localities of Canada and the National Building Code can be applied nationally. The design data in this Chapter are based on weather reports supplied by the Atmospheric Environment Service, Environment Canada. They have been collected and analysed, where necessary, for the Associate Committee on the National Building Code by Environment Canada, and appear at the end of this Chapter under the heading Design Data for Selected Locations in Canada. Environment Canada has also devised appropriate methods and estimated the design values for all the locations in this table where weather observations were lacking or inadequate. As it is not practical to list values for all municipalities in Canada, recommended design weather data for locations not listed can be obtained by writing to the Energy and Industrial Applications Section, Canadian Climate Centre, Atmospheric Environment Service, Environment Canada, 4905 Dufferin Street, Downsview, Ontario M3H 5T4. It should be noted, however, that these recommended values may. differ from the legal requirements set by provincial or municipal building authorities. The information on seismic zones has been provided by the Earth Physics Branch of the Department of Energy, Mines and Resources. Information for municipalities not listed may be obtained by writing to the Division of Seismology and Geomagnetism, Earth Physics Branch, Energy, Mines and Resources Canada, Ottawa, Ontario KIA OY3, or to the Pacific Geoscience Centre, Earth Physics Branch, P.O. Box 6000, Sidney, B.C. V8L 4B2.. General The choice of climatic elements tabulated in this Chapter and the form in which they are expressed have been dictated largely by the requirements for specific values in several sections of the National Building Code of Canada. Heating degree-days and annual total precipitation are also included. The following notes explain briefly the significance of these particular elements in building design, and indicate what observations were used and how they were analysed to yield the required design values. To estimate design values for locations where weather observations were lacking or inadequate, the observed or computed values for the weather stations were plotted on large-scale maps. Isolines were drawn on these working charts to show the general distribution of the design values. In the table, design weather data are listed for over 600 locations, which have been chosen for a variety of 3.

(17) Copyright © NRC 1941 - 2019 World Rights Reserved © CNRC 1941-2019 Droits réservés pour tous pays. reasons. Incorporated cities and towns with populations of over 5000 have been included unless they are close to other larger cities. For sparsely populated areas, many smaller towns and villages have been listed. The design weather data for weather stations themselves are the most reliable and hence these stations have often been listed in preference to locations with somewhat larger populations. A number of requests for recommended design weather data for other locations have been received, and where most of the elements could be estimated, they were also added to the list. In some cases the values obtained from the large-scale charts have not been rounded off. As previously noted in the Introduction to this Chapter, Environment Canada will estimate data for locations not listed in the table using the list of observed or computed values for weather stations, the large-scale manuscript charts and any other relevant information that is available. In the absence of weather observations at any particular location, a knowledge of the local topography may be important. For example, cold air has a tendency to collect in depressions, precipitation frequently increases with elevation and winds are generally stronger near large bodies of water. These and other relationships affect the corresponding design values and will be taken into consideration where possible in answering inquiries.. know the most severe weather conditions under which the system will be expected to function satisfactorily. Failure to maintain the inside temperature at the pre-determined level will not usually be serious if the temperature drop is not great and if the duration is not long. The outside conditions used for design should, therefore, not be the most severe in many years, but should be the somewhat less severe conditions that are occasionally but not greatly exceeded. Winter design temperature is based on an analysis of winter air temperatures only. Wind and solar radiation also affect the inside temperature of most buildings, but there is no convenient way of combining their effects with that of outside air temperature. Some quite complex methods of taking account of several weather elements have been devised and used in recent years, but the use of average wind and radiation conditions is usually satisfactory for design purposes.. January Design Temperatures. The winter design temperature is defined as the lowest temperature at or below which only a certain small percentage of the hourly outside air temperatures in January occur. In previous issues of these climatic data the January design temperatures were obtained from a tabulation of hourly temperature distributions for the 10 year period 1951 to 1960 for 118 stations. Hourly data summaries (1) (which include temperature frequency distributions) based on the 10 year period 1957 to 1966 have been published for several stations each year since 1967 and are now available for 109 stations. They provide a second set of January design temperatures. For the 69 stations that appeared in both lists, the current design temperature is the average of these two, and is, therefore, based on the 16 year period 1951 to 1966 with a 4 year overlap. For the 89 stations that appeared in only one of the lists, the design temperatures were adjusted to make them more consistent.. A building and its heating system should be designed to maintain the inside temperature at some pre-determined leveL To do this, it is necessary to. The January design temperatures for all the other locations in the table are estimates, and, where necessary, have been adjusted to make them more. All the weather records that were used in preparing the table were, of necessity, observed at inhabited locations, and hence interpolations from the charts or the tabulated values will apply only to locations at similar elevations and with similar topography. This is particularly significant in mountainous areas where the values apply only to the populated valleys and not to the mountain slopes and high passes, where, in some cases, very different conditions are known to exist.. 4.

(18) Copyright © NRC 1941 - 2019 World Rights Reserved © CNRC 1941-2019 Droits réservés pour tous pays. representative of the 16 year period. Most of the adjustments were less than one Celsius degree and only about 16 exceeded 1.5°. The adjustments mentioned above indicate the variation in the design temperature from one decade to another. The design temperatures for the next 20 to 30 years may differ from the tabulated values by one or two Celsius degrees and, of course, the year to year variation will be much greater. Most of the temperatures were observed at airports. Design values for the core areas of some large cities could be 1 or 2° milder, but values for the fringe areas are probably about the same as for the airports. No adjustments have been made, therefore, for the city effect. The 2.5 per cent January design temperature is the value ordinarily used in the design of heating systems. In special cases, when the control of inside temperature is more critical, the 1 per cent value may be used.. July Design Temperatures A building and its cooling and dehumidifying system should be designed to maintain the inside temperature and humidity at certain pre-determined levels. To do this, it is necessary to know the most severe weather conditions under which the system will be expected to function satisfactorily. Failure to maintain the inside temperature and humidity at the pre-determined levels will usually not be serious if the increases in the temperature and humidity are not great and if the duration is not long. The outside conditions used for design should, therefore, not be the most severe in many years, but should be the somewhat less severe conditions that are occasionally but not greatly exceeded. The summer design temperatures in this Chapter are based on an analysis of July air temperatures and humidities only. Wind and solar radiation also affect the inside temperature of most buildings and may in some cases be more important than the outside air temperature. However, no method of allowing for variations in radiation has yet become generally. accepted. When requirements have been standardized, it may be possible to provide more complete weather information for summer conditions, but in the meantime only dry-bulb and wet-bulb design temperatures can be provided. The frequency distribution of combinations of drybulb and wet-bulb temperatures for each month from June to September have been tabulated for 33 Canadian weather stations by Boughner. (2) If the summer dry-bulb and wet-bulb design temperatures are defined as the temperatures that are exceeded 2.5 per cent of the hours in July, then design values can be obtained directly for these 33 stations. The dry-bulb design temperatures in previous editions of this Chapter were based on the values for these 33 stations and a relationship between the design temperatures and the mean annual maximum temperatures. Hourly data summaries (1) (which include temperature frequency distributions) based on the 10 year period 1957 to 1966 are now available for 109 stations. They provide a second set of July dry-bulb design temperatures. For the 109 stations the current dry-bulb temperatures are the averages of the values in these two sets. For all the other locations in the table the previous values have been adjusted to make them consistent with the calculated values. The adjustments exceeded one Celsius degree in only about 20 cases. All values were converted to degrees Celsius and rounded off to the nearest degree. The July wet-bulb design temperatures have been obtained in the same way, with one exception. The previous values were obtained directly for the 33 stations in Boughner's publication, (2) and all the rest were estimated from these 33 without using any intermediate statistic. The current values for the 109 stations with hourly data summaries are averages between the previous values and the values from the hourly data summaries. For all the other locations the previous values have been adjusted to make them consistent. The adjustments exceed one Celsius degree in only 6 cases. All wet-bulb values were converted to degrees Celsius and rounded off to the nearest degree. 5.

(19) Copyright © NRC 1941 - 2019 World Rights Reserved © CNRC 1941-2019 Droits réservés pour tous pays. Heating Degree-Days The rate of consumption of fuel or energy required to keep the interior of a small building at 21°C when the outside air temperature is below 18°C is roughly proportional to the difference between 18°C and the outside temperature. Wind speed, solar radiation, the extent to which the building is exposed to these elements and the internal heat sources also affect the heat required, but there is no convenient way of combining these effects. For average conditions of wind, radiation, exposure and internal sources, however, the proportionality with the temperature difference still holds. Heating degree-days based on temperature alone are, therefore, still useful when more complex methods of calculating fuel requirements are not feasible. Since the fuel required is also proportional to the duration of cold weather, a convenient method of combining these elements of temperature and time is to add the differences between 18°C and the mean temperature for every day in the year when the mean temperature is below 18°C. It is assumed that no heat is required when the mean outside air temperature for the day is 18°C or higher. The degree days below 18°C have been computed day by day for the length of record available over the period 1951 to 1980, and an average annual total determined and published by the Atmospheric Environment Service. (3) These values are given in the table to the nearest degree-day. A difference of only one Celsius degree in the annual mean temperature will cause a difference of 250 to 350 in the Celsius degree-days. Since differences of O.5°C in the annual mean temperature are quite likely to occur between two stations in the same city or town, heating degree-days cannot be relied on to an accuracy of less than about 100 degree-days.. Rainfall Intensity Roof drainage systems are designed to carry off the rainwater from the most intense rainfall that is 6. likely to occur. A certain amount of time is required for the rainwater to flow across or down the roof before it enters the gutter or drainage system. This results in the smoothing out of the most rapid changes in rainfall intensity. The drainage system, therefore, need cope only with the flow of rainwater produced by the average rainfall intensity over a period of a few minutes, which can be called the concentration time. In Canada it has been customary to use the 15 min rainfall that will probably be exceeded on an average of once in 10 years. The concentration time for small roofs is much less than 15 min and hence the design intensity will be exceeded more frequently than once in 10 years. The safety factors included in the tables in the Canadian Plumbing Code will probably reduce the frequency to a reasonable value and, in addition, the occasional failure of a roof drainage system will not be particularly serious in most cases. The rainfall intensity values tabulated in the previous edition of this Chapter were based on measurements of the annual maximum 15 min rainfalls at 139 stations with 7 or more years of record. They were the 15 min rainfalls that would be exceeded once in 10 years on the average, or the values that had one chance in 10 of being exceeded in anyone year. It is very difficult to estimate the pattern of rainfall intensity in mountainous areas, where precipitation is extremely variable. The values in the table for British Columbia and some adjacent areas are mostly for locations in valley bottoms or in extensive, fairly level areas. Much greater intensities may occur on mountainsides.. One Day Rainfall If for any reason a roof drainage system becomes ineffective, the accumulation of rainwater may be great enough in some cases to cause a significant increase in the load on the roof. Although the period during which rainwater may accumulate is unknown, it is common practice to use the maximum one day rainfall for estimating the additional load..

(20) -Copyright © NRC 1941 - 2019 World Rights Reserved © CNRC 1941-2019 Droits réservés pour tous pays. •. For most weather stations in Canada the total rainfall for each day is published. The maximum 1/1 day" rainfall (as it is usually called) for several hundred stations has been determined and published by the Atmospheric Environment Service. (4) Since these values are all for predetermined 24-h periods, beginning and ending at the same time each morning, most of them have probably been exceeded in periods of 24 h including parts of two consecutive days. The maximum "24 h" rainfall (i.e. any 24-h period) according to Hershfield and Wilson is, on the average, about 113 per cent of the maximum 1/1 day" rainfall. (5) Most of the one day rainfall amounts in the table have been copied directly from the latest edition of Climatic Normals.(4) Values for the other locations have been estimated. These maximum values differ greatly within relatively small areas where little difference would be expected. The variable length of record no doubt accounts for part of this variability, which would probably be reduced by an analysis of annual maxima instead of merely selecting the maximum in the period of record.. Annual Total Precipitation The total amount of precipitation that normally falls in one year is frequently used as a general indication of the wetness of a climate, and is therefore included in this Chapter. Total precipitation is the sum in millimetres of the measured depth of rainwater and 0.1 of the measured depth of snow (since the average density of fresh snow is about 0.1 that of water). Most of the average annual total precipitation amounts in the table have been copied directly from the latest edition of Climatic Normals, (4) where averages for the 30 year period 1951 to 1980 have been tabulated. For all other locations the values have been estimated.. Snow Loads The roof of a building should be able to support the greatest weight of snow that is likely to accumu-. late on it. Some observations of snow on roofs have been made in Canada, but not enough to form the basis for estimating roof snow loads throughout the country. Similarly, observations of the weight, or water equivalent, of the snow on the ground are inadequate. The observations of roof loads and water equivalents are very usefuL as noted below, but the measured depth of snow on the ground is required to provide the basic information for a consistent set of snow loads. The estimation of the design snow load on a roof from snow depth observations involves the following steps: (1) The depth of snow on the ground which has an annual probability of exceedence of l-in30 is computed. (2) The appropriate unit weight is selected and used to convert snow depth to loads, Ss' (3) The load, Sr' due to rain falling on the snow is computed. (4) Because the accumulation of snow on roofs is often different from that on the ground, certain adjustments should be made to the ground snow load to provide a design snow load on a roof. The annual maximum depth of snow on the ground has been assembled for 1618 stations for which such data has been recorded by the Atmospheric Environment Service (AES). The period of record used varies from station to station, ranging from 7 to 38 years. These data were analysed using a Fisher-Tippett Type 1(6) extreme value distribution as reported by Newark et al. (7) The resulting values are the snow depths which have a probability of l-in-30 of being exceeded in anyone year. The unit weight of old snow generally ranges from 2 to 5 kN / m 3, and it is usually assumed in Canada that 1 kN/m3 is the average for new snow. Average unit weights of the seasonal snow pack have been derived for different regions across the country(8) and an appropriate value has been assigned to each climatological station. Typically the values average 2.01 kN / m 3 east of the continental divide (except for 2.94 kN/m 3 north of the treeline), and range from 7.

(21) Copyright © NRC 1941 - 2019 World Rights Reserved © CNRC 1941-2019 Droits réservés pour tous pays. 2.55 to 4.21 kN/m3 to the west of the divide. The product of the 1-in-30 snow depth and the average unit weight of the seasonal snow pack at a station is converted to the snow load (SL) in units of kilopascals (kPa). The values of ground snow load at AES stations were normalized assuming a simple linear variation of the load with elevation above sea level in order to account for the effects of topography. They were then smoothed using a weighted moving-area average in order to minimize the uncertainty due to snow depth sampling errors and site-specific variations. Interpolation from analysed maps of the smooth normalized values yielded a value for each location in the Table, which could then be converted to the listed code values (S) by means of an equation in the form: Ss = smooth normalized SL + bZ where b is the rate of change of SL with elevation at the location and Z is the location's elevation above mean sea level (MSL). Although they are listed in the Table of Design Data to the nearest tenth of a kilopascal, values of Ss typically have an uncertainty of about 20 per cent. Areas of sparse data in northern Canada were an exception to this procedure. In these regions, an analysis was made of the basic SL values. The effects of topography, variations due to local climates, and smoothing were all subjectively assessed, and values derived in this fashion were used to modify those derived objectively. Tabulated values cannot be expected to indicate all the local differences in S5' For this reason, values should not be interpolated from the Table for unlisted locations. The values of Ss in the Table apply only to the named point at a specific latitude and longitude as defined by the Gazetteer of Canada (Energy, Mines and Resources Canada) available from Mail Order Services, Canadian Government Publishing Centre, DSS, Ottawa, Ontario, KIA OS9. Values at intermediate locations can be easily obtained from Environment Canada maps of smooth normalized SL (available for selected locations in Canada from the National Climatalogical Information Services, Environment Canada, 4905 Dufferin Street, Downsview, B. Ontario, M3H 5T4), and the value of the location's elevation above MSL (which can be obtained from 1:50000 or 1:250000 maps in the National Topographic Series available from the Canada Map Office, Energy, Mines and Resources Canada, Ottawa, KIA OE9). Instructions for this purpose are provided with the Environment Canada maps. The heaviest loads frequently occur when the snow is wetted by rain, thus the rain load (Sr) was estimated to the nearest 0.1 kPa and is provided in the Table. Values of Sr' when added to provide a 1-in-30 year estimate of the combined ground snow and rain load. The values of Sr are based on an analysis of about 2100 climate station values of the 1in-30 year one-day maximum rain amount. This return period is appropriate because the rain amounts correspond approximately to the joint frequency of occurrence of the one-day rain on maximum snow packs. For the purpose of estimating rain on snow, the individual observed one-day rain amounts were constrained to be less than or equal to the snowpack water equivalent which was estimated by a snow pack accumulation model reported by Bruce and Clark.(9) The results from surveys of snow loads on roofs indicate that average roof loads are generally less than loads on the ground. The conditions under which the design snow load on the roof may be taken as a percentage of the ground snow load are given in Section 4.1 of the National Building Code 1990. The Code also permits further decreases in design snow loads for steeply sloping roofs, but requires substantial increases for roofs where snow accumulation may be more rapid due to such factors as drifting. Recommended adjustments are given in Chapter 4 of this Supplement.. Wind Effects All structures should be built to withstand the pressures and suctions caused by the strongest gust of wind that is likely to blow at the site in many years. For many buildings this is the only wind effect that needs to be considered, but tall or slender structures should also be designed to limit their vib-. I.

(22) Copyright © NRC 1941 - 2019 World Rights Reserved © CNRC 1941-2019 Droits réservés pour tous pays. rations to acceptable levels. Wind induced vibrations may require several minutes to built up to their maximum amplitude and hence wind speeds averaged over several minutes or longer should be used for design. The hourly average wind speed is the value available in Canada. The provision of velocity pressures for both average wind speeds and gust speeds for estimating pressures, suctions and vibrations involves the following steps: (1) The annual maximum hourly wind speeds were analysed to obtain the hourly wind speeds that will have one chance in 10,30 and 100 of being exceeded in anyone year. (2) An average air density was assumed in order to compute the velocity pressures for the hourly wind speeds. (3) A value of 2 was assumed for the gust effect factor to compute the velocity pressures for the gust speeds. The actual wind pressure on a structure increases with height and varies with the shape of the structure. The factors needed to allow for these effects are tabulated in Section 4.1 of the National Building Code of Canada 1990 and Chapter 4. The other three steps are discussed in more detail in the following paragraphs. Until recently the only wind speed record kept at a large number of wind-measuring stations in Canada was the number of miles of wind that pass an anemometer head in each hour, or the hourly average wind speed. Many stations are now recording only spot readings of the wind speed each hour, and these may have to be used for design at some future time. For the present, however, the older hourly mileages are the best data on which to base a statistical analysis. The annual maximum hourly mileages for over 100 stations for periods from 10 to 22 years were analysed using Gumbel's extreme value method to calculate the hourly mileages that would have one chance in 10,30 and 100 of being exceeded in anyone year. Values of the l-in-30 hourly mileages for the additional 500 locations in the table have been. estimated. To obtain the l-in-l0 and l-in-l00 values for these locations, the value of the parameter 1/ a, which is a measure of the dispersion of the annual maximum hourly mileages, was estimated. The 100 known values were plotted on a map from which estimates of 1/ a were made for the other locations. Knowing the l-in-30 hourly mileages and the values of l/a, the l-in-l0 and l-in-l00 values could be computed. Pressure, suctions and vibrations caused by the wind depend not only on the speed of the wind but also on the air density and hence on the air temperature and atmospheric pressure. The pressure, in turn, depends on elevation above sea level and varies with changes in the weather systems. If V is the design wind speed in miles per hour, then the velocity pressure, P, in pounds per square foot is given by the equation P. CV 2. where C depends on air temperature and atmospheric pressure as explained in detail by Boyd. (10) The value 0.0027 is within 10 per cent of the monthly average value of C for most of Canada in the windy part of the year. This value (0.0027) has been used to compute all the velocity pressures corresponding to the hourly mileages with annual probabilities of being exceeded of l-in-l0, l-in-30 and l-in-l00. The pressures were then converted from psf to kPa and are shown in the table in columns headed only by the numerical values of the probabilities. The National Building Code requires the design gust pressures for structural elements to be twice the corresponding hourly pressures in the table. Because wind speeds are squared to get pressures, this statement is equivalent to saying that the gust factor is the square root of 2.. In Chapter 1 of this Supplement, the velocity pressure, P, and the design wind speed, V, are meterological terms, equivalent to the refer~ce wind pressure, q, and the reference wind speed, V, which are engineering terms used in Commentary B of Chapter 4. 9.

(23) Copyright © NRC 1941 - 2019 World Rights Reserved © CNRC 1941-2019 Droits réservés pour tous pays. For buildings over 12 m high, the gust velocity pressures and suctions must be increased according to a table in Section 4.1 of the National Building Code of Canada 1990 which is based on the assumption that the gust speed increases in proportion to the 0.1 power of the height. The average wind speeds used in computing the vibrations of a building are more dependent on the roughness of the underlying surface. A method of estimating their dependence on roughness and height is given in Chapter 4. The calculations for building vibrations in Chapter 4 have been drawn up for wind speeds measured in metres per second. The equation P=CV2 could be used to convert the tabulated pressures to wind speeds provided constant C was converted to e SI units. If P is in Pascals and V in metres per second, the value of C would be 0.64689. In SI units, however, the equation can be written in the form P lpV2 2. where p is the air density in kg/ m 3. The density of dry air at O°C and the standard atmospheric pressure of 101.325 kPa is 1.2929 kg/m3. Half this value, or 0.64645, is very close to the converted value of C. The difference (less than 1 in 1000) is negligible and, therefore, the density of air at O°C and standard atmospheric pressure has been adopted for converting wind pressures to wind speeds. The following table has been arranged to give speeds to the nearest m/ s for all pressures appearing in the main table. The value "P" is assumed to be equal to o.00064645V2.. Seismic Zones The parameters used in establishing the seismic zones are the ground acceleration and ground velocity that have a 10 per cent probability of being exceeded in 50 years. The zones are based on a statistical analysis of the earthquakes that have been experienced in Canada and adjacent regions using a method that provides for inclusion of geological and 10. Conversion of Wind Pressures to Wind Speeds. P kPa 0.14 to 0.15 0.16 to 0.17 0.18 to 0.19 0.20 to 0.22 0.23 to 0.24 0.25 to 0.27 0.28 to 0.29 0.30 to 0.32 0.33 to 0.35 0.36 to 0.38 0.39 to 0.42 0.43 to 0.45. V m/s 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26. P kPa 0.46 to 0.48 0.49 to 0.52 0.53 to 0.56 0.57 to 0.60 0.61 to 0.64 0.65 to 0.68 0.69 to 0.72 0.73 to 0.76 0.77 to 0.81 0.82 to 0.86 0.87 to 0.90 0.91 to 0.95. V m/s 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38. P kPa 0.96 to 1.00 1.01 to 1.06 1.07 to 1.11 1.12 to 1.16 1.17 to 1.22 1.23 to 1.28 1.29 to 1.33 1.34 to 1.39 1.40 to 1.45 1.46 to 1.52 1.53 to 1.58 1.59 to 1.64. V m/s 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50. tectonic information in support of the seismic data.(11,12) The assigned zones reflect the opinions of experts in the fields of seismology, geology and engineering, from industry, government and universities, comprising members of the Canadian National Committee on Earthquake Engineering and various relevant committees responsible to the Associate Committee on the National Building Code. The velocity and acceleration zones and assigned zonal velocity ratio, v, for each zone, as a fraction of a velocity of 1 m/ s, are shown in the table. The zone boundaries in terms of peak horizontal velocity and peak horizontal acceleration, are shown in Table J-1 of the Commentary on Effects of Earthquakes in Chapter 4 of this Supplement.. References Hourly Data Summaries. Dept. of Transport, Meteorological Branch and later Dept. of the Environment, Atmospheric Environment Service, various dates from May 1967 to March 1974. (2) Boughner, C.C., Percentage Frequency of Dryand Wet-bulb Temperatures from June to September at Selected Canadian Cities. Dept. of. (1).

(24) Copyright © NRC 1941 - 2019 World Rights Reserved © CNRC 1941-2019 Droits réservés pour tous pays. -=. (3) (4) (5). (6) (7). (8). (9) (10). (11). (12). Transport, Meteorological Branch, Canadian Meteorological Memoirs, No.5, Toronto, 1960. Environment Canada, Canadian Climate Normals. Vol. 4, Atmospheric Environment Service, Downsview, Ontario, 1982. Environment Canada, Canadian Climate Normals. Vol. 3, Atmospheric Environment Service, Downsview, Ontario, 1983. Hershfield, D.M. and Wilson, W.T., Generalizing Rainfall Intensity - Frequency Data. International Association of Scientific Hydrology, General Assembly, Toronto, Vol. I, 1957, pp. 499-506. Gumbel, E.J., Statistics of Extremes. Columbia University Press, New York, 1958. Newark, M.J., Welsh, L.E., Morris, R.J. and Ones, W.V. Revised Ground Snow Loads for the 1990 NBC of Canada. Can. J. Civ. Eng., Vol. 16, No.3, June 1989. Newark, M.J., A New Look at Ground Snow Loads in Canada. Proceedings, 41st Eastern Snow Conference, Washington, D.C., Vol. 29, pp. 59-63, 1984. Bruce, J.P. and Clark, R.H., Intro. to Hydrometeorology. Pergammon Press, London, 1966. Boyd, D.W., Variations in Air Density over Canada. National Research Council of Canada, Division of Building Research, Technical Note No. 486, June 1967. Basham, P.W. et al., New Probabilistic Strong Seismic Ground Motion Maps of Canada: a Compilation of Earthquake Source Zones, Methods and Results. Earth Physics Branch Open File Report 82-33, p. 205, 1982. Heidebrecht A.C. et al., Engineering Applications of New Probabilistic Seismic GroundMotion Maps of Canada. Can. J. Civ. Eng., Vol. 10, No.4, pp. 670-680, 1983.. 11.

(25) 12. Copyright © NRC 1941 - 2019 World Rights Reserved © CNRC 1941-2019 Droits réservés pour tous pays.

(26) Copyright © NRC 1941 - 2019 World Rights Reserved © CNRC 1941-2019 Droits réservés pour tous pays. Design Data for Selected Locations in Canada Design Temperature Province and Location. e. e. e e. January 2.5% 1% °C °C. July 2.5 % Dry °C. Wet °C. DegreeDays Below 18°C. 15 Min. Rain mm. One Day Rain mm. Ann. Tot. Ppn. mm. Hourly Wind Pressures. Ground Snow Load kPa. Seismic Data Zonal Velocity Z! Ratio v v I. Ss. SR. 1/10 kPa. 1/30 kPa. 1/100 kPa. Za. British Columbia 100 Mile House Abbotsford Agassiz Albemi Ashcroft. - 28 -10 -13 -5 - 25. - 31 -11 15 -7 - 28. 30 29 31 31 34. 18 20 20 18 20. 5154 3146 2984 3312 3666. 10 10 8 10 10. 51 83 116 125 45. 386 1513 1693 2033 222. 2.4 1.8 2.2 2.7 1.0. 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.4 0.1. 0.30 0.42 0.55 0.47 0.28. 0.36 0.55 0.75 0.58 0.35. 0.43 0.71 1.00 0.70 0.43. 1 4 3 5 1. 1 4 3 5 2. 0.05 0.20 0.15 0.30 0.10. Beatton River Burns Lake Cache Creek Campbell River Carmi. 37 - 30 25 -7 - 24. - 39 - 33 28 -9 - 26. 25 25 34 26 33. 18 17 20 18 20. 6977 5773 3800 3448 5212. 13 10 10 10 10. 50 48 63 105 98. 485 490 250 1656 561. 3.0 3.5 1.2 3.0 3.5. 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.2. 0.22 0.30 0.29 0.46 0.24. 0.27 0.36 0.35 0.58 0.33. 0.34 0.43 0.43 0.72 0.44. 0 1 1 6 1. 1 3 2 6 1. 0.05 0.15 0.10 0.40 0.05. Castlegar Chetwynd Chilliwack Comox Courtenay. 19 - 35 12 7 -7. - 22 - 38 -13 9 -9. 32 27 30 27 28. 20 18 20 18 18. 3683 5801 2990 3197 3197. 10 15 8 10 10. 51 63 122 113 103. 642 467 1594 1215 1484. 2.5 2.2 2.0 2.4 2.4. 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4. 0.23 0.32 0.48 0.45 0.45. 0.30 0.37 0.63 0.58 0.58. 0.39 0.44 0.83 0.74 0.74. 1 0 4 6 6. 1 1 4 6 6. 0.05 0.05 0.20 0.40 0.40. Cranbrook Crescent Valley Crofton Dawson Creek Dog Creek. - 27 - 20 -6 - 36 28. 30 - 23 8 - 39 - 30. 32 31 28 27 29. 19 19 18 18 18. 4727 4303 3170 6232 5139. 10 10 8 18 10. 43 52 76 67 47. 411 789 1042 474 388. 2.7 3.8 1.1 2.3 1.3. 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2. 0.22 0.22 0.48 0.31 0.31. 0.29 0.29 0.58 0.37 0.37. 0.37 0.37 0.69 0.44 0.44. 1 1 5 0 1. 1 1 5 1 2. 0.05 0.05 0.30 0.05 0.10. Duncan Elko Fernie Fort Nelson Fort St. John. 6 -8 28 -31 - 29 - 32 -40 - 42 - 36 38. 29 29 29 28 26. 18 19 19 18 18. 3170 4426 4817 7087 6122. 8 13 13 13 15. 110 54 106 81 80. 1042 605 1128 452 493. 1.6 4.0 4.1 2.2 2.5. 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1. 0.48 0.27 0.33 0.19 0.31. 0.58 0.37 0.43 0.24 0.36. 0.69 0.50 0.55 0.29 0.42. 5 1 1 0 0. 5 1 1 1 1. 0.30 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05. Glacier Golden Grand Forks Greenwood Hope. - 27 28 20 - 20 16. -30 -31 - 22 - 22 -18. 27 29 35 35 32. 17 17 20 20 20. 6233 4930 4046 4524 3148. 10 8 10 10 8. 71 59 41 107 106. 1833 477 447 511 1636. 8.5 3.4 2.5 2.9 2.5. 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3. 0.24 0.27 0.26 0.29 0.41. 0.29 0.32 0.36 0.39 0.55. 0.35 0.38 0.48 0.52 0.73. 1 1 1 1 3. 1 1 1 1 3. 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.15. Kamloops Kaslo Kelowna Kimberley Kitimat Plant Kitimat Townsite Ullooet , Lytton Mackenzie. - 25 - 23 -17 26 16 -16 - 23 -19 - 35. 28 - 26 20 - 29 -18 -18 25 - 22 38. 34 29 33 31 23 23 33 35 26 •. 20 19 20 19 16 16 20 20 17. 3650 4046 3730 4911 4107 4275 3684 3301 5897. 13 10 10 10 13 13 10 10 10. 57 51 64 49 185 119 114 77 63. 252 828 317 520 2702 2299 356 450 692. 1.3 2.5 1.1 4.0 5.0 5.9 1.9 2.5 3.4. 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.7 0.1 0.3 0.2. 0.30 0.22 0.34 0.22 0.27 0.27 0.32 0.31 0.24. 0.37 0.28 0.43 0.29 0.33 0.33 0.39 0.39 0.29. 0.45 1 0.36 1 0.53 1 0.37 1 0.40 2 0.40 12 0.49 1 0.49 2 0.35 0. 1 1 1 1 4 4 2 2 2. 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.20 0.20 0.10 0.10 0.10. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. Column 1. 14. 15 16. 17. 13.

(27) Copyright © NRC 1941 - 2019 World Rights Reserved © CNRC 1941-2019 Droits réservés pour tous pays. Design Data for Selected Locations in Canada (Cont'd) Design Temperature Province and Location. January. 2.5%1 1 % Dry °C :. DegreeDays Below Wet 18°C °C. July 2.5 %. °C. 15 Min. Rain mm. One Day Rain. mm. Ann. Tot. Ppn. mm. i. e. S5. SR. 1/10 kPa. 1/30 kPa. I 1/100 kPa. Masset McBride. 7 -34. -9 -37. 17 30. 15 18. 3855 5078. 13 13. 76 50. 1403 652. 1.6 3.9. 0.4 0.2. 0.49 0.27. 0.58 0.32. 0.68 0.38. 6 0. 6 1. 0.40 0.05. McLeod Lake Merritt Mission City Montrose Nakusp. - 35 - 26 -9 -17 24. 37 - 29 -11 20 -27. 27 34 30 32 31. 17 20 20 20 19. 5800 4348 3064 3683 3988. 10 8 13 10 10. 63 57 98 51 51. 802 319 1701 642 811. 3.7 2.3 2.2 3.7 2.9. 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.1. 0.24 0.32 0.47 0.22 0.24. 0.29 0.39 0.60 0.30 0.30. 0.35 0.49 0.77 0.41 0.37. 0 1 4 1 1. 2 2 4 1 1. 0.10 0.10 0.20 0.05 0.05. Nanaimo Nelson Ocean Falls Osoyoos Penticton. -7 - 20 12 -16 -16. -9 24 14 -18 18. 26 31 23 33 33. 18 19 16 20 20. 3065 3734 3627 3289 3502. 8 10 13 10 10. 92 66 234 35 45. 1019 669 4387 320 274. 1.6 4.6 3.5 0.5 0.9. 0.4 0.1 0.7 0.1 0.1. 0.47 0.22 0.47 0.30 0.40. 0.58 0.29 0.55 0.43 0.52. 0.71 0.37 0.65 0.59 0.68. 4 1 2 1 1. 4 1 4 1. 1. 0.20 0.05 0.20 0.05 0.05. Port Alberni Port Hardy Port McNeill Powell River Prince George. 5 5 -5 -9 - 33. -7 -7 -7 11 - 36. 31 20 22 26 28. 18 16 17 18 18. 3152 3674 3459 3056 5376. 10 13 13 8 15. 140 131 127 80 50. 1987 1785 1555 1174 628. 2.7 0.8 1.0 1.7 3.1. 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.2. 0.47 0.49 0.49 0.42 0.25. 0.58 0.58 0.58 0.55 0.30. 0.70 0.66 0.68 0.71 0.36. 5 6 6 5 0. 5 6 6 5 2. 0.30 0.40 0.40 0.30 0.10. Prince Rupert Princeton Qualicum Beach Quesnel Revelstoke. -14 - 27 7 - 33 - 26. -16 30 -9 - 35 -29. 19 32 27 30 32. 15 20 18 17 19. 3987 4531 3236 4938 4201. 13 10 10 10 13. 141 37 102 72 78. 2463 372 1317 558 1006. 1.7 1.8 2.0 1.7 5.3. 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.1 0.1. 0.42 0.24 0.46 0.25 0.24. 0.50 0.32 0.58 0.29 0.29. 0.59 0.42 0.72 0.34 0.35. 3 2 4 0 1. 5 2 4 2 1. 0.30 0.10 0.20 0.10 0.05. Salmon Arm Sandspit Sidney Smith River Smithers. 23 -6 -6 -46 - 29. - 26 -7 -8 48 -31. 33 15 26 26 25. 20 15 18 17 17. 3945 3668 3083 7616 5431. 13 13 8 8 13. 43 80 102 68 60. 533 1281 874 481 495. 2.7 1.6 1.0 2.5 3.4. 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.2. 0.29 0.54 0.46 0.19 0.31. 0.35 0.63 0.55 0.25 0.37. 0.43 0.74 0.66 0.33 0.44. 1 6 5 1 1. 1 6 5 2 3. 0.05 0.40 0.30 0.10 0.15. Squamish Stewart Taylor Terrace Totino. -11 23 - 36 - 20 -2. -13 25 - 38 - 22 -4. 29 23 26 25 19. 20 16 18 16 16. 3379 4654 6122 4380 3316. 10 13 15 13 13. 112 178 56 117 174. 2285 1870 432 1234 3288. 2.9 7.2 2.1 5.5 1.0. 0.6 0.7 0.1 0.5 0.4. 0.38 0.32 0.32 0.27 0.54. 0.50 0.39 0.37 0.33 0.63. 0.65 0.48 0.44 0.40 0.74. 3 2 0 2 5. 3 4 1 4 5. 0.15 0.20 0.05 0.20 0.30. 17 -2. - 20 -4. 33 19. 20 16. 3574 3120. 10 13. 51 140. 703 3335. 2.4 0.9. 0.1 0.4. 0.17 0.54. 0.24 0.63. 0.33 0.74. 1 5. 1 5. 0.05 0.30. -9 -10. 25 29. 17 20. 3307 3102. 10 8. 172 102. 1935 1322. 4.4 1.5. 0.6 0.2. 0.49 0.46. 0.58 0.58. 0.72 0.72. 4 4. 4 4. 0.20 0.20. -9. -11. 30. 20. 3264. 10. 117. 2201. 1.8. 0.2. 0.47 : 0.60. 0.20. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 0.77 4 4 14 15 16. Trail Ucluelet Vancouver & Region Burnaby (Simon Fraser Univ.) Cloverdale Haney Column 1 14. Seismic Data Zonal Velocity Za Zv Ratio v. Hourly Wind Pressures. Ground Snow Load kPa. -7 8. i. i. !. 13. i. 17.

(28) Copyright © NRC 1941 - 2019 World Rights Reserved © CNRC 1941-2019 Droits réservés pour tous pays. Design Data for Selected Locations in Canada (Cont'd) Design Temperature Province and location. e e. e. e e. e. e. January 2.5% 1% °C °C. July 2.5 % Dry °C. Wet °C. DegreeDays Below 18°C. 15 Min. Rain mm. One Day Rain mm. Hourly Wind Pressures. Ground Snow load kPa. Ann. Tot. Ppn. mm. Ss. SR. Seismic Data. 1/10 kPa. 1/30 kPa. 1/100 kPa. Za. Zv. Zonal Velocity Ratio v. Ladner langley New Westminster North Vancouver. - 6 -8 8 -10 8 10 -7 9. 27 29 29 26. 19 20 19 19. 3253 3117 2947 2978. 10 8 10 10. 62 118 132 100. 982 1504 1578 1889. 1.2 1.6 1.6 2.7. 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3. 0.45 0.45 0.44 0.44. 0.55 0.58 0.55 0.55. 0.67 0.73 0.68 0.68. 5 4 4 4. 4 4 4 4. 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20. Richmond Surrey (88 Ave. & 156 St) Vancouver Vancouver (Granville & 41 Av) West Vancouver. -7 9 -8 -10 -7 -9 - 6 -8 8 -10. 27 29 26 28 28. 19 20 19 20 19. 3030 3067 2924 2880 3250. 8 10 10 10 9. 114 131 94 93 139. 1113 1574 1329 1324 1933. 1.4 2.2 1.6 2.5 1.9. 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2. 0.45 0.46 0.45 0.45 0.45. 0.55 0.58 0.55 0.55 0.55. 0.67 0.72 0.67 0.67 0.67. 4 4 4 4 4. 4 4 4 4 4. 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20. Vernon Victoria & Region Victoria (Gonzales Hts) Victoria (Mt Tolmie) Victoria. 20. 23. 33. 20. 3887. 13. 40. 381. 2.0. 0.1. 0.32. 0,39. 0.49. 1. 1. 0.05. -5 -6 -5. -7 8 -7. 23 24 24. 17 16 17. 2947 3150 3016. 9 9 5. 83 74 81. 647 790 845. 1.4 1.9 1.0. 0.3 0.3 0.2. 0.49 0.49 0.48. 0.58 0.58 0.58. 0.69 0.69 0.70. 6 6 5. 5 5 5. 0.30 0.30 0.30. Williams lake Youbou. 31 - 34 5 -7. 29 31. 17 19. 4920 2945. 10 10. 37 114. 400 1874. 2.2 3.5. 0.2 0.6. 0.30 0.46. 0.35 0.55. 0.41 0.66. 1 4. 2 4. 0.10 0.20. Alberta Athabasca Banff Barrhead Beaverlodge Brooks. - 35 - 30 - 34 35 32. 38 - 32 - 37 - 38 - 34. 28 27 28 28 32. 19 17 19 18 19. 6256 5657 6088 5983 5307. 18 18 20 25 18. 88 53 102 101 89. 506 471 467 467 351. 1.4 3.3 1.6 2.2 1.1. 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1. 0.30 0.39 0.32 0.27 0.39. 0.37 0.45 0.39 0.33 0.48. 0.45 0.52 0.49 0.40 0.57. 0 0 0 0 0. 1 1 1 1 0. 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.00. Calgary Campsie Cam rose Cardston Claresholm. 31 - 34 - 33 - 30 - 31. 33 37 - 35 33 -34. 29 28 29 29 29. 17 19 19 18 18. 5321 6088 5885 4870 4848. 23 20 20 20 15. 95 111 92 102 97. 437 467 448 550 466. 1.0 1.6 1.8 1.4 1.2. 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1. 0.40 0.32 0.21 0.74 0.66. 0.46 0.39 0.29 0.93 0.80. 0.54 0.49 0.39 1.15 0.96. 0 0 0 0 0. 1 1 0 0 0. 0.05 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00. Cold lake Coleman Coronation Cowley Drumheller. 36 - 31 31 31 - 31. -38 34 - 33 34 - 33. 28 28 30 29 29. 20 18 19 18 18. 6166 5404 5879 5207 5283. 15 15 20 15 20. 94 62 99 74 73. 460 569 374 501 348. 1.6' 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.1. 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1. 0.31 0.54 0.23 0.73 0.32. 0.37 0.69 0.32 0.91 0.39. 0.44 0.87 0.43 1.13 0.49. 0 0 0 0. 0 1 0 1 0. 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.05 0.00. Edmonton Edson Embarras Portage Fairview Fort Macleod. - 32 - 34 - 41 38 31. - 34 - 37 -44 -40 - 33. 28 28 27 27 31. 19 18 19 18 18. 5782 6027 6937 6166 4692. 23 18 10 15 16. 114 79 82 64 98. 488 553 409 432 434. 1.6 1.9 1.7 2.4 1.1. 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1. 0.32 0.36 0.31 0.26 0.68. 0.40 0.43 0.37 0.32 0.83. 0.51 0.50 0.45 0.39 1.00. 0 0 0 0 0. 1 1 0 1 0. 0.05 0.05 0.00 0.05 0.00. • - 39. 41. 28. 19. 6661 • 13. 61. 472. 1.3. 0.1. 0.27. 0.32. 0.38 , 0. 0. 0.00. 10. 11. Fort McMurray Column 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 12. 13. 14. 1. 15 16. 17. 15.

(29) Copyright © NRC 1941 - 2019 World Rights Reserved © CNRC 1941-2019 Droits réservés pour tous pays. Design Data for Selected Locations in Canada (Cont'd) Design Temperature Province and Location. e e. e. e. 2.5% 1% °C. DegreeDays Below Wet 18°C °C. July 2.5 % Dry °C. 15 Min. Rain mm. One Day Rain. mm. Ann. Tot. Ppn. mm. Hourly Wind Pressures. Ground Snow Load kPa Ss. SR. 1/10 kPa. 1/30 kPa. 1/100 kPa. Seismic Data Zonal Velocity Za Zv Ratio v. Fort Saskatchewan Fort Vermilion Grande Prairie Habay. - 32 - 35 -41 - 43 - 36 - 39 41 43. 28 28 27 28. 19 18 18 18. 5783 6999 6136 7300. 20 13 23 13. 78 60 78 63. 423 383 453 387. 1.5 1.9 2.0 2.2. 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1. 0.31 0.22 0.37 0.20. 0.39 0.26 0.44 0.24. 0.49 0.32 0.52 0.28. 0 0 0 0. 1 1 1 1. 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05. Hardisty High River Hinton Jasper Keg River. -33 -31 - 34 - 32 - 40. - 35 - 33 -38 - 35 - 42. 30 28 27 28 28. 19 17 17 18 18. 5965 5455 5679 5570 6832. 20 18 13 10 13. 56 111 70 108 60. 412 455 502 475 444. 1.6 1.2 2.7 3.0 2.2. 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1. 0.24 0.51 0.36 0.37 0.19. 0.32 0.60 0.43 0.43 0.24. 0.42 0.72 0.50 0.50 0.29. 0 0 0 1 0. 0 1 1 1 1. 0.00 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05. Lac la Biche Lacombe Lethbridge Manning Medicine Hat. -35 - 33 ·30 - 39 31. 38 - 35 - 33 -41 - 34. 28 29 31 27 33. 19 18 18 18 19. 6196 5823 4787 6850 4868. 15 23 20 13 23. 82 71 93 51 122. 517 443 418 404 348. 1.5 1.9 1.1 2.1 1.0. 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1. 0.31 0.24 0.64 0.21 0.39. 0.37 0.31 0.76 0.26 0.49. 0.44 0.40 0.91 0.32 0.60. 0 0 0 0 0. 0 1 0 1 0. 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.05 0.00. Peace River Pincher Creek Ranfurly Red Deer Rocky Mountain House. - 37 - 40 - 32 - 34 -34 37 -32 35 31 - 33. 27 29 29 29 28. 18 18 19 18 18. 6469 5028 6015 5933 5613. 15 18 18 23 20. 48 128 89 154 77. 375 551 439 498 556. 1.7 1.4 1.7 1.8 1.7. 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1. 0.24 0.70 0.23 0.31 0.26. 0.29 0.88 0.29 0.37 0.32. 0.36 1.08 0.36 0.44 0.39. 0 0 0 0 0. 1 0 0 1 1. 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.05. Slave Lake Stettler Stony Plain Suffield Taber. - 36 32 - 32 - 32 -31. - 39 -34 - 35 34 ·33. 27 30 28 33 31. 19 19 19 19 19. 6302 5669 5713 5095 4772. 15 20 23 20 20. 76 165 102 69 93. 482 431 529 338 382. 1.7 2.0 1.6 1.2 1.1. 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1. 0.28 0.24 0.32 0.43 0.57. 0.34 0.32 0.40 0.52 0.69. 0.41 0.42 0.51 0.64 0.82. 0 0 0 0 0. 1 0 1 0 0. 0.05 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.00. Turner Valley Valleyview Vegreville Vermilion Wagner. - 31 37 34 -35 36. - 33 - 40 - 36 -38 ·39. 28 27 29 29 27. 17 18 19 20 19. 5786 5770 6208 6168 6264. 20 18 18 18 15. 82 51 69 75 72. 574 519 404 438 476. 1.3 2.1 1.7 1.6 1.7. 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1. 0.51 0.35 0.25 0.23 0.28. 0.60 0.43 0.32 0.28 0.34. 0.71 0.51 0.40 0.34 0.41. 0 0 0 0 0. 1 1 0 0 1. 0.05 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.05. Wainwright Westaskiwin Whitecourt Wimborne. - 33 36 - 33 - 35 35 38 31 34. 29 29 27 29. 19 19 18 18. 6000 5741 6151 5783. 20 23 20 23. 63 78 89 89. 380 494 553 458. 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.5. 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1. 0.24 0.24 0.32 0.30. 0.32 0.32 0.39 0.37. 0.41 0.42 0.48 0.45. 0 0 0 0. 0 1 1 0. 0.00 0.05 0.05 0.00. - 32 - 34 - 32 -34 - 34 -36 - 34 36 - 36 39. 32 32 31 30 29. 21 20 20 22 21. 5462 5428 6060 6129 6402. 33 28 23 25 20. 78 63 104 104 67. 397 351 352 425 379. 1.5 1.1 1.9 1.6 1.6. 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1. 0.44 0.49 0.48 0.28 0.28. 0.52 0.60 0.60 0.32 0.34. 0.63 0.74 0.76 0.37 0.41. 0 0 0 0 0. 0 0 0 0 0. 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. Saskatchewan Assiniboia Battrum Biggar Broadview Dafoe Column 1 16. January. 2. 3. 15 16. 17.

(30) Copyright © NRC 1941 - 2019 World Rights Reserved © CNRC 1941-2019 Droits réservés pour tous pays. a. Design Data for Selected Locations in Canada (Cont'd) Design Temperature Province and Location. January 2.5% 1% °C °C. July 2.5 % Dry °C. Wet °C. DegreeDays Below 18°C. 15 Min. Rain mm. One Day Rain mm. Ann. Tot. Ppn. mm. Ground Snow Load kPa S5. SR. Hourly Wind Pressures 1/10 kPa. 1/30 kPa. 1/100 kPa. Seismic Data Zonal Velocity Ratio Za Zv v. Dundurn Estevan Hudson Bay Humboldt Island Falls. - 35 32 37 - 36 39. -37 - 34 - 39 39 -41. 31 32 29 28 26. 20 22 21 21 20. 5877 5497 6538 6346 7319. 10 36 18 20 10. 122 68 62 76 69. 380 434 468 376 514. 1.4 1.5 1.8 1.9 1.9. 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1. 0.39 0.42 0.28 0.29 0.45. 0.48 0.51 0.34 0.36 0.56. 0.57 0.62 0.41 0.44 0.70. 0 0 0 0 0. 0 0 0 0 0. 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00. Kamsack Kindersley Lloydminster Maple Creek Meadow Lake. - 35 - 33 35 31 36. -37 - 35 -38 -34 39. 29 32 29 31 28. 22 20 20 20 20. 6318 5814 6056 4951 6199. 20 23 18 28 15. 116 91 104 77 63. 386 316 449 387 456. 1.9 1.3 1.8 1.1 1.6. 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1. 0.32 0.45 0.30 0.47 0.36. 0.37 0.58 0.37 0.58 0.45. 0.44 0.73 0.46 0.71 0.55. 0 0 0 0 0. 0 0 0 0 0. 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00. Meltort Melville Moose Jaw Nipawin North Battletord. - 37 - 34 - 32 - 38 - 34. 40 - 36 - 34 - 41 - 36. 28 29 32 28 30. 21 21 21 21 20. 6460 6176 5435 6407 6071. 18 23 28 18 20. 101 59 81 60 93. 411 400 378 404 359. 1.9 1.6 1.3 1.8 1.6. 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1. 0.26 0.32 0.36 0.27 0.45. 0.32 0.37 0.43 0.34 0.62. 0.40 0.43 0.51 0.43 0.83. 0 0 0 0 0. 0 0 0 0 0. 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00. Prince Albert Qu'Appelle Regina Rosetown Saskatoon. 37 - 34 34 - 33 - 35. -41 36 36 - 35 - 37. 29 30 31 32 30. 21 21 21 20 20. 6559 6109 5901 5982 5997. 20 25 28 25 23. 74 104 102 85 84. 398 437 380 339 354. 1.7 1.6 1.3 1.6 1.6. 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1. 0.26 0.34 0.34 0.47 0.36. 0.34 0.39 0.39 0.58 0.44. 0.44 0.46 0.46 0.71 0.54. 0 0 0 0 0. 0 0 0 0 0. 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00. Scott Strasbourg Swift Current Uranium City Weyburn. 34 - 34 32 44 - 33. -36 -36 - 34 46 35. 31 30 32 26 32. 20 21 20 19 22. 6243 5945 5427 7860 5589. 20 25 33 8 33. 68 100 66 47 97. 355 402 351 345 382. 1.7 1.4 1.3 1.8 1.3. 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1. 0.44 0.33 0.46 0.37 0.38. 0.58 0.39 0.56 0.45 0.45. 0.75 0.46 0.69 0.54 0.53. 0 0 0 0 0. 0 0 0 0 0. 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00. Yorkton. - 34. 37. 29. 21. 6243. 23. 95. 430. 1.6. 0.1. 0.32. 0.37. 0.44. 0. 0. 0.00. iManitoba Beausejour Boissevain Brandon Churchill Dauphin. 33 - 32 33 39 - 33. - 35 - 34 -35 -41 ·35. 28 32 31 24 30. 23 23 22 18 22. 5951 5732 6046 9190 6152. 28 33 36 8 25. 66 146 141 52 100. 540 506 468 402 496. 1.7 2.0 1.9 2.6 1.7. 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2. 0.31 0.44 0.37 0.48 0.31. 0.37 0.52 0.45 0.59 0.37. 0.45 0.63 0.54 0.72 0.44. 0 0 0 0 0. 0 0 0 0 0. 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00. Flin Flon Gimli Island Lake Lac du Bonnet Lynn Lake. - 38 ·34 - 36 34 40. - 40 - 36 - 38 ·36 ·42. 27 29 26 28 27. 20 23 20 23 19. 6846 6166 7342 6150 8029. 13 28 13 28 8. 77 125 63 76 77. 466 534 567 567 480. 2.0 1.7 2.4 1.7 2.2. 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2. 0.42 0.30 0.37 0.28 0.47. 0.52 0.37 0.43 0.34 0.58. 0.65 0.45 0.50 0.41 0.71. 0 0 0 0 0. 0 0 0 0 0. 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00. Morden. ·31. 33. 31. 23. 5561. 28. 143. 527. 2.0. 0.2. 0.40. 0.48. 0.56. 0. 0. 0.00. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15 16. e. •. Column 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 17 17.

(31) Copyright © NRC 1941 - 2019 World Rights Reserved © CNRC 1941-2019 Droits réservés pour tous pays. Design Data for Selected Locations in Canada (Cont'd) Design Temperature Province and Location. January i. 2.5% 1% °C. DegreeDays Below Wet ac 18°C. July 2.5 % Dry. DC. 15 Min. Rain mm. One Day Rain. mm. Ann. Tot. Ppn. mm. Hourly Wind Pressures. Ground Snow Load kPa Ss. SR. 1/10 kPa. 1/30 kPa. Seismic Data Zonal Velocity 1/100 kPa . Za Zv Ratio v. Neepawa Pine Falls Portage la Prairie Rivers. - 32 - 34 - 31 -34. - 34 -36 - 33 -36. 30 28 30 30. 22 23 23 22. 5985 6176 5821 6075. 33 25 36 33. 85 67 131 139. 474 540 512 472. 2.0 1.7 1.9 1.9. 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2. 0.33 0.29 0.36 0.36. 0.40 0.35 0.43 0.43. 0.49 0.43 0.51 0.51. 0 0 0 0. 0 0 0 0. 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00. Sandi lands Selkirk Split Lake Steinbach Swan River. -32 33 38 - 33 36. - 34 35 40 - 35 38. 29 29 27 30 29. 23 23 19 23 22. 5920 5893 8250 5892 6308. 28 28 10 28 20. 89 89 51 83 85. 580 507 483 515 496. 2.0 1.7 2.3 1.8 1.8. 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2. 0.31 0.33 0.51 0.31 0.30. 0.37 0.39 0.60 0.37 0.35. 0.44 0.47 0.71 0.44 0.42. 0 0 0 0 0. 0 0 0 0 0. 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00. The Pas Thompson Virden Winnipeg. - 36 42 33 - 33. - 38 - 45 - 35 - 35. 28 26 30 30. 21 19 22 23. 6787 8017 5933 5871. 15 10 33 28. 78 51 104 84. 496 542 486 506. 1.9 2.2 1.8 1.7. 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2. 0.35 0.49 0.36 0.35. 0.43 0.58 0.43 0.42. 0.52 0.68 0.51 0.49. 0 0 0 0. 0 0 0 0. 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00. Ontario Ailsa Craig Ajax Alexandria Alliston Almonte. -17 - 20 - 24 23 - 26. 19 - 22 26 25 - 28. 30 30 30 29 30. 23 23 23 23 23. 4000 4080 4700 4400 4774. 25 23 28 28 25. 89 76 76 114 76. 920 800 940 740 736. 2.0 0.9 2.2 1.8 2.3. 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4. 0.40 0.43 0.30 0.22 0.30. 0.50 0.52 0.37 0.29 0.37. 0.62 0.64 0.45 0.38 0.46. 0 1 4 1 4. 0 1 2 0 2. 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.05 0.10. Armstrong Arnprior Atikokan Aurora Bancroft. 39 - 27 34 21 -27. 42 - 29 37 - 23 - 29. 28 30 29 30 29. 21 23 22 23 22. 6991 4791 6209 4325 4919. 23 23 25 28 25. 99 76 93 102 83. 738 746 724 800 880. 2.5 2.3 2.2 1.8 2.8. 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4. 0.21 0.27 0.21 0.30 0.23. 0.25 0.34 0.25 0.39 0.29. 0.29 0.42 0.29 0.50 0.36. 0 4 0 1 2. 0 2 0 0 1. 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.05 0.05. Barrie Barriefield Beaverton Belleville Belmont. - 24 - 22 - 24 - 22 17. - 26 24 - 26 24 19. 29 27 30 29 30. 22 23 22 23 23. 4575 4200 4400 4129 4000. 28 23 28 23 25. 127 114 140 106 89. 950 870 860 855 980. 2.3 1.9 2.0 1.6 1.6. 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4. 0.21 0.35 0.24 0.32 0.35. 0.29 0.43 0.32 0.39 0.45. 0.39 0.52 0.42 0.48 0.58. 1 2 1 1 0. 1 1 1 1 0. 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.00. Big Trout Lake Borden CFB Bracebridge Bradford Brampton. - 38 23 - 26 - 23 19. - 40 25 - 28 25 - 21. 25 29 29 30 30. 20 22 22 23 23. 7699 4550 4800 4241 4321. 13 28 25 28 28. 84 114 114 114 178. 581 810 1020 716 816. 2.9 2.0 2.8 1.9 1.2. 0.2 0.4 0.4 0,4 0.4. 0.33 0.21 0.19 0.24 0.32. 0.39 0.29 0.25 0.32 0.39. 0.46 0.39 0.33 0.42 0.49. 0 1 1 1 1. 0 0 1 0 0. 0.00 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05. 17 - 21 . - 23 ·26 I -17. -19 - 23 - 25 - 28 -19. 30 29 29 29 31. 23 23 23 21 23. 3922 4200 4230 5293 3818. 23 23 25 25 23. 103 76 89 102 77. 746 830 974 1066 777. 1.2 1.5 2.0 2.5 0.8. 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4. 0.31 0.42 0.32 0.20 0.36. 0.37 0.50 0.39 0.26 0.43. 0.44 0,60 0.49 0,34 0.51. 1 1 3 1 1. 0 1 1 1 0. 0,05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15 16. e. Brantford Brighton Brockville Burk's Falls Burlington Column 1 18. 2. I. i. I. 17.

(32) Copyright © NRC 1941 - 2019 World Rights Reserved © CNRC 1941-2019 Droits réservés pour tous pays. Design Data for Selected Locations in Canada (Cont'd) Design Temperature Province and Location. January 2.5% 1 0/0 °C °C. July 2.5 % Dry °C. Wet °C. DegreeDays Below 18 c C. 15 Min. Rain mm. One Day Rain mm. Ground Snow Load kPa. Ann. Tot. Ppn. mm. S5. S;;. Hourly Wind Pressures 1/10 kPa. 1/30 kPa. 1/100 kPa. Seismic Data Zonal Velocity Ratio Za Zv v. Cambridge Campbellford Cannington Carleton Place Cavan. 18 23 -24 - 25 - 22. - 20 26 26 - 27 25. 29 30 30 30 30. 23 23 23 23 23. 4100 4400 4550 4700 4425. 25 25 28 25 28. 108 111 127 69 76. 899 811 890 787 770. 1.5 1.6 2.0 2.3 1.8. 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4. 0.26 0.29 0.24 0.30 0.31. 0.32 0.37 0.32 0.37 0.39. 0.39 0.47 0.42 0.46 0.50. 1 1 1 4 1. 0 1 1 2 1. 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.10 0.05. Centralia Chapleau Chatham Chesley Clinton. -17 - 35 16 19 -17. -19 - 38 -18 21 19. 30 27 31 29 29. 23 21 24 22 23. 4041 6214 3607 4450 4100. 25 23 28 28 23. 80 104 107 76 89. 1033 834 808 1120 950. 2.1 3.7 0.9 2.6 2.4. 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4. 0.37 0.19 0.32 0.33 0.37. 0.48 0.25 0.39 0.43 0.48. 0.60 0.31 0.48 0.55 0.60. 0 0 0 1 0. 0 0 0 0 0. 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.00. Coboconk Cobourg Cochrane Colborne Collingwood. - 25 - 21 - 34 - 21 - 22. 27 - 23 - 36 - 23 - 24. 29 30 29 29 29. 22 23 21 23 22. 4750 4241 6398 4050 4242. 25 23 20 23 28. 127 76 87 76 128. 909 822 885 830 858. 2.3 1.1 2.6 1.5 2.5. 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4. 0.22 0.46 0.26 0.44 0.25. 0.29 0.55 0.32 0.52 0.34. 0.37 0.65 0.39 0.62 0.45. 1 1 1 1 1. 1 1 0 1 0. 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05. Cornwall Corunna Deep River Deseronto Dorchester. - 23 -16 - 29 - 22 -18. 25 18 32 24 - 20. 30 31 30 28 30. 23 23 22 23 23. 4418 3800 5125 4100 4050. 28 23 23 23 28. 71 89 89 89 89. 928 800 790 870 890. 2.0 0.9 2.3 1.7 1.7. 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4. 0.30 0.35 0.20 0.32 0.33. 0.37 0.43 0.24 0.39 0.43. 0.46 0.52 0.28 0.48 0.55. 4 0 4 1 0. 2 0 2 1 0. 0.10 0.00 0.10 0.05 0.00. Dorion Dresden Dryden Dunnville Durham. - 33 16 - 34 -15 20. - 35 -18 - 36 17 - 22. 28 31 27 30 29. 21 24 22 24 22. 5900 3738 6087 3851 4671. 20 28 25 23 28. 76 76 114 102 86. 685 765 698 905 1040. 2.6 0.9 2.2 1.8 2.6. 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4. 0.25 0.32 0.21 0.33 0.31. 0.29 0.39 0.25 0.39 0.39. 0.34 0.48 0.29 0.45 0.50. 0 0 0 1 1. 0 0 0 0 0. 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.05. Dutton Earlton Edison Elmvale Embro. -16 - 33 - 34 - 24 18. 18 - 36 - 36 - 26 - 20. 31 30 28 29 29. 24 21 22 22 23. 3800 5915 6050 4300 4200. 28 23 25 28 28. 89 99 89 127 89. 870 822 680 900 890. 1.2 2.4 2.2 2.4 1.8. 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4. 0.34 0.32 0.20 0.24 0.33. 0.43 0.40 0.24 0.32 0.43. 0.53 0.51 0.28 0.42 0.54. 0 1 0 1 0. 0 1 0 1 0. 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.05 0.00. Englehart Espanola Exeter Fenelon Falls Fergus. - 33 25 -17 - 25 - 20. 36 27 19 27 - 22. 30 28 30 30 29. 21 21 23 23 23. 5900 4950 4101 4650 4615. 23 23 25 25 33. 87 89 89 133 118. 892 840 962 859 880. 2.3 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.0. 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4. 0.29 0.28 0.37 0.25 0.26. 0.37 0.37 0.48 0.32 0.32. 0.47 0.48 0.60 0.41 0.40. 1 1 0 1 1. 1 0 0 1 0. 0.05 0.05 0.00 0.05 0.05. Forest Fort Erie Fort Erie (Ridgeway) Fort Francis. -16 15 15 - 33. -18 -17 -17 35. 31 30 30 29. 23 24 24 22. 3839 3707 3650 5624. 23 23 28 25. 87 102 102 • 114. 834 995 990 696. 1.8 2.4 2.3 2.1. 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3. 0.39 0.36 0.37 0.21. 0.48 0.43 0.43 0.25. 0.58 0.50 0.50 0.29. 0 2. 0 0 0 0. 0.00 0.05 0.05 0.00. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15 16. Column 1. 10. 2. 0. i. 17. 19.

(33) Copyright © NRC 1941 - 2019 World Rights Reserved © CNRC 1941-2019 Droits réservés pour tous pays. Design Data for Selected Locations in Canada (Cont'd) Design Temperature Province and Location. 2.5% 1% °C. I July 2.5 % DegreeDry °C. Wet °C. Days Below 18°C. 15 Min. Rain mm. One Day Rain. mm. Ann. Tot. Ppn. mm. Hourly Wind Pressures. Ground Snow Load kPa. Seismic Data Zonal Velocity Z, Z, Ratio v ,. S5. SF. 1/10 kPa. 1/30 kPa. 1/100 kPa. 22. - 24. 28. 23. 4150. 23. 89. 870. 1.9. 0.4. 0.35. 0.43. 0.52. 2. 1. 0.05. 35 -16 16 23 37. -38 18 -18 25 -40. 28 31 29 29 29. 21 24 23 21 22. 6753 4000 3900 4930 6626. 20 28 23 23 23. 65 66 84 92 62. 697 850 910 866 817. 2.7 1.4 2.2 2.4 2.4. 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3. 0.20 0.31 0.40 0.30 0.21. 0.24 0.39 0.50 0.36 0.25. 0.28 0.49 0.62 0.43 0.29. 0 0 0 0 0. 0 0 0 0 0. 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00. 26 Gravenhurst Gravenhurst (Muskoka Airport) - 26 16 Grimsby -19 Guelph 24 Guthrie. 28 28 18 21 26. 29 29 30 29 29. 22 22 23 23 22. 4800 4911 3618 4304 4520. 25 25 23 28 28. 114 115 123 103 127. 1020 1009 876 833 870. 2.5 2.6 0.8 1.7 2.3. 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4. 0.19 0.19 0.36 0.25 0.21. 0.25 0.25 0.43 0.30 0.29. 0.33 0.33 0.50 0.36 0.39. 1 1 1 1 1. 1 1 0 0 1. 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05. Haileybury Haldimand (Caledonia) Haldimand (Hagersville) Haliburton Halton Hills (Georgetown). 32 -17 16 - 27 19. 35 19 -18 29 - 21. 30 30 30 29 30. 21 23 23 22 23. 5427 3850 3987 4993 4355. 23 23 25 25 28. 65 104 283 103 128. 849 913 842 971 837. 2.2 1.1 1.2 2.7 1.3. 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4. 0.32 0.31 0.33 0.19 0.27. 0.39 0.37 0.39 0.25 0.34. 0.49 0.44 0.46 0.31 0.42. 2 1 1 1 1. 1 0 0 1 0. 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05. Hamilton Hanover Hastings Hawkesbury Hearst. -17 -19 - 23 25 - 34. -19 21 - 26 27 - 36. 31 30 30 30 28. 23 22 23 23 21. 3827 4340 4400 4800 6500. 23 28 28 23 20. 117 76 89 89 63. 799 877 790 961 846. 0.8 2.4 1.8 2.1 2.6. 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3. 0.36 0.34 0.29 0.31 0.20. 0.43 0.43 0.37 0.37 0.25. 0.50 0.54 0.47 0.45 0.32. 1 1 1 4 0. 0 0 1 2 0. 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.10 0.00. Honey Harbour Hornepayne Huntsville Ingersoll Iroquois Falls. - 24 - 37 - 26 -18 - 33. - 26 - 40 - 29 - 20 - 36. 29 28 29 30 29. 22 21 22 23 21. 4400 6545 4780 4000 6200. 23 20 25 28 20. 127 83 104 89 63. 950 734 971 890 780. 2.5 3.3 2.7 1.6 2.7. 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3. 0.25 0.19 0.19 0.33 0.30. 0.34 0.25 0.25 0.43 0.37. 0.45 0.31 0.33 0.54 0.45. 1 0 1 0 1. 1 0 1 0 0. 0.05 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.05. Jellicoe Kapuskasing Kemptville Kenora Killaloe. - 36 - 33 - 25 - 33 - 28. - 39 - 35 - 27 -36 - 31. 28 28 30 28 30. 21 21 23 22 22. 6600 6438 4622 5938 5082. 20 20 25 25 23. 76 80 73 128 62. 710 858 867 623 674. 2.5 2.6 2.1 2.1 2.5. 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4. 0.21 0.23 0.30 0.20 0.24. 0.25 0.28 0.37 0.24 0.29. 0.29 0.34 0.46 0.28 0.36. 0 0 4 0 3. 0 0 2 0 1. 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.05. Kincardine Kingston Kinmount Kirkland Lake Kitchener. -17 - 22 - 26 - 33 -19. -19 - 24 - 28 - 36 - 21. 28 27 29 30 29. 22 23 22 21 23. 4100 4251 4800 6113 4146. 23 23 25 20 28. 76 119 102 97 175. 890 870 950 856 897. 2.4 1.9 2.5 2.7 1.8. 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4. 0.40 0.35 0.20 0.29 0.27. 0.50 0.43 0.26 0.37 0.34. 0.62 0.52 0.34 0.46 0.42. 0 2 1 1 1. 0 1 1 1 0. 0.00 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05. Lakefield Lansdowne House. - 24 - 39. - 26 - 41. 30 28. 23 21. 4550 7199. 28 18. 89 78. 770 666. 2.0 2.7. 0.4 0.2. 0.27 0.24. 0.34 0.29. 0.43 0.35. 1 0. 1 0. 0.05 0.00. 2. 3. 4. 5. v. I. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. Gananoque Geraldton Glencoe Goderich Gore Bay Graham. Column 1. 20. January. I.