Entwicklung einer auf Kinect basierenden Steuerschnittstelle

!"#$%&'()"*+,%",-+.)/+0%",&#+

1.2%,-,"3,"+4#,),-2&5"%##2#,((,+

6,-%&5#+7)-+8%9(:;.-1,%#+

4&5)(<.5-+=>?>@=>??+

A-:<,'#+B);;,-C+ %#@=>??@D>+

!"#$%&&"#'(

( )*++"#(,"#-%-./(

0"1#"*"#'(

( 2#3(4/.*51(65"##"( 789:;:<(!%=%5&(>>(?%==5&@(

( A%#&"115(,=%B5/( 7C.5%D(4"&"%#EF(C-&151*1"@(

(

Ziel des Projekts

Ziel der Diplomarbeit ist die Entwicklung einer Mensch-Maschine-Schnittstelle, welche dazu verwendet wird, eine Video- und Bildergalerie zu steuern, basierend auf dem neu entwickelten Sensorsystem Kinect von Microsoft.

Methoden | Experimente | Resultate

Diese Diplomarbeit wurde in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Forschungsinstitut Idiap in Martinach realisiert. Dieses Institut feiert sein 20-jähriges Bestehen und erweitert in diesem Rahmen seinen Showroom.

In dieser Diplomarbeit wird eine Mensch-Maschine Schnittstelle entworfen, welche die Kinect nutzt. Dieser Sensor ist eine Entwicklung von Microsoft für die Spielkonsole XBOX. Mit Hilfe dieses Sensors wird der Spieler selbst zum Steuergerät.

Diese Idee wird für die Arbeit übernommen und für die Steuerung einer Video- und Bildergalerie genutzt. Das Tiefenbild der Kinect wird genutzt um die Gesten jeder Hand einzeln analysieren zu können. Das Tiefenbild hat den Vorteil, dass das Finden der Hände von der Distanz abhängig ist und nicht mehr von einem Farbschema.

Wie dieses erfolgreich abgeschlossene Projekt eindrücklich zeigt, ist es schon heute möglich Programme ohne Maus und Tastatur zu steuern. Das erstellte Demonstrationsprogramm ist angenehm zu steuern. Es erlaubt eine Bilder- und Videogalerie zu kontrollieren.

Es bleibt jedoch klar festzuhalten, dass für die Zukunft interessante Anwendungsmöglichkeiten vorhanden sind.

Entwicklung einer auf Kinect basierenden Schnittstelle

Diplomand/in

Fernando Kummer

HES-SO Wallis Route du Rawyl 47 1950 Sitten

Tel. 027 606 85 11 Web www.hevs.ch

Diplomarbeit

| 2 0 1 1 |

Studiengang Systemtechnik

Anwendungsbereich Infotronics

Verantwortliche/r Dozent/in Dr Pierre Roduit

pierre.roduit@hevs.ch

Partner

Idiap Research Institute

55 mm

300 dpi

Idiap Research Institute in Martinach

Bild der erkannten und ausge- werteten Hand, beziehungsweise Geste

Idiap Research Institute in Martinach

5(

!"#$%&'()*+),-#",'.

? ( !EBF!EGHBI+ ? (

= ( AJFEKLG!BL!JG+ = (

=M? ( A

NOP!0GQE!F

+ = (

=M= ( R

SG!NESF

+ = (

T ( LSN8USN!+V+0EB!KG+4!B4ON4W4G!R+ X (

X ( USLF+8!N+6E6FEOGL!0!B+ Y (

XM? ( O

A!B

KZ+ Y (

XM= ( O

A!B

BE+

HB8+

BEG!+ Y (

XMT ( [

G+HB8+

[

\G

+ Y (

D ( 8!JEBEGEOB+8!N+JHB0GEOBSFEG]G!B+8!4+ANOINSRR4+ ^ (

DM? ( R

!B_J!B4G!N

+ ^ (

DM= ( I

SF!NE!J!B4G!N+

`6

EF8!N

a+

HB8+

Z

E8!OISF!NE!

b+ ^ (

DMT ( 6

EF8J!B4G!N

+ c (

DMX ( Z

E8!OJ!B4G!N

+ c (

DMD ( E

BJONRSGEOB4J!B4G!N

+ d (

DMY ( 8

OK0EBI+

J

!B4G!N

+ ?? (

DM^ ( 8

!JEBEGEOB+8!N+

4

G!H!NI!4G!B

+ ?= (

Y ( ANOINSRR+QHN+!N0!BBHBI+ZOB+I!4G!B+ ?X (

YM? ( J

FH448ESINSRR+8!N+

I

!4G!B!N0!BBHBI

+ ?X (

YM= ( !

EBF!4!B+8!N+

6

EF88SG!B

+ ?D (

YMT ( J

HB0GEOB4QOB!

+ ?D (

YMX ( L

SB84HKL!

+ ?Y (

YMD ( L

SB88E4GSBQ

+ ?^ (

YMY ( L

SB86EF8!N

+ ?^ (

YM^ ( L

SB88SG!B

+ ?c (

YMc ( I

!4G!B!N0!BBHBI

+ => (

YMd ( 6

!U!IHBI4!N0!BBHBI

+ == (

H3I3J ( K

9:A9L(MCA(9CL94(

8

NL2

( OP (

H3I3O ( K

9:A9L(MCA(Q?9C(

8

RL29L

( OP (

^ ( ANOINSRR+J_N+8E!+6EF8!Na+HB8+ZE8!OISF!NE!+ =D (

^M? ( 0

FS44!B8ESINSRR

+ =D (

S3J3J ( 0

CT2NLNTU:9

( OH (

S3J3O ( N

LQ9CK9(294(

,

9L:A94

( OH (

^M= ( Q

H4GSB84RS4KLEB!

+ =Y (

^MT ( A

NOINSRRJ!B4G!N

+ =c (

S3V3J ( N

TTK9M9CL

( OW (

S3V3O ( M

9LX,9L:A94

( OW (

S3V3V ( K

NT94C9,9L:A94

( OW (

S3V3P ( 0

CT2,9L:A94

( OI (

S3V3Y ( !

C29<,9L:A94

( OI (

c ( 4KLFH44JOFI!NHBI+ T> (

cM? ( N

!4HFGSG

+ T> (

cM= ( S

BSFW4!

+ T> (

( C-F%=1&B"#G"5EF-5&(

55(

cMT ( Z

ON4KLF]I!+QHN+

U

!EG!N!BGUEK0FHBI

+ T? (

cMX ( I

!8SB0!B+QHN+

8

EAFORSN6!EG

+ T= (

d ( 8SGHR+HB8+HBG!N4KLNEJG+ TT (

?> ( 8SB04SIHBI+ TX (

?? ( SBLSBI+ TD (

??M? ( Z

!NQ!EKLBE44!+J_N+

S

66EF8HBI!B+HB8+

G

S6!FF!B

+ TD (

JJ3J3J ( N

00CT2ZLK:!94Q9C[8LC:

( VY (

JJ3J3O ( A

N09TT9L!94Q9C[8LC:

( VH (

??M= ( [

H!FF!BZ!NQ!EKLBE4+

a+!

E6FEOINSJE!

+ TY (

??MT ( !

N0F]NHBI!B+QHN+

8

!JEBEGEOB+8!N+

4

G!H!NI!4G!B

+ Tc (

JJ3V3J ( M

9LX,9L:A94

( VW (

JJ3V3O ( K

NT94C9,9L:A94(

70

CT294

;(

ZL2(

!

C29<KNT94C9

@( VW (

JJ3V3V ( 0

CT2,9L:A94

( VI (

JJ3V3P ( !

C29<,9L:A94

( PJ (

??MX ( !

N0F]NHBI!B+QHR+

A

NOINSRR+QHN+

I

!4G!B!N0!BBHBI

+ XD (

JJ3P3J ( ,

ZL)AC<L:Q<L9

( PY (

JJ3P3O ( 8

NL2Q<L9

( PH (

JJ3P3V ( 8

NL22NA9L

( PH (

JJ3P3P ( K

9:A9L94)9LLZLK

( PI (

JJ3P3Y ( 0

9?9KZLK:94)9LLZLK

( Y\ (

??MD ( !

N0F]NHBI!B+QHR+

A

NOINSRR+8!N+

6

EF8!N

a+

HB8+

Z

E8!OISF!NE!

+ DT (

JJ3Y3J ( 8

NZ6AQZ:ANL2:MN:[8CL9

( YV (

JJ3Y3O ( 0

CT294KNT94C9

( YP (

JJ3Y3V ( !

C29<KNT94C9

( YY (

JJ3Y3P ( 0

CT2NLQ9CK9

( YH (

JJ3Y3Y ( !

C29<NLQ9CK9

( YS (

??MY ( 4

OJGUSN!+HB8+!F!0GNOBE4KL!+

8

O0HR!BGSGEOB

+ Dc ( (

(

*!

! "#$%&#'($)*

+#&,&! +#-%./012&#'! 3#14! #$! 5(,0//&$012&#'! /#'! 4&/! 6.1,78($),#$,'#'('! 94#0-! 0(,!

:01'#$078! 1&0%#,#&1';! +#&,&,! 9$,'#'('! 80'! ,#78! <.1! 0%%&/! 0(=! 4#&! >78$#'','&%%&! ?3#,78&$!

:&$,78! ($4! :0,78#$&! ,-&?#0%#,#&1';! @&#'&1&! AB'#)C&#',)&2#&'&! ,#$4! 4#&! >0//%($)! ($4!

D(,3&1'($)!<.$!:(%'#/&4#0#$=.1/0'#.$&$;!

E/!,#78!&#$&/!21&#'&$!F(2%#C(/!-1B,&$'#&1&$!?(!CG$$&$H!3(14&$!,78.$!<&1,78#&4&$&!

+&/.$,'10'#.$,,I,'&/&! &$'3#7C&%';! +0! 4#&,&,! J081! 40,! KL! J081&! J(2#%B(/! <.$! 94#0-!

0$,'&8'H! ,.%%! &#$! $&(&,! +&/.$,'10'#.$,,I,'&/! 4&$! 2#,8&1#)&$! >8.31../! &13&#'&1$;!

+#&,&!+#-%./012&#'!2&,78B='#)'!,#78!/#'!4&1!"$'3#7C%($)!4#&,&,!+&/.$,'10'#.$,)&1B',;!

+0,! 5#&%! 4&1! D12&#'! #,'! &,H! &#$! >I,'&/! ?(! &$'3#7C&%$H! 3&%78&,! &1%0(2'H! &#$&! M#4&.N! ($4!

O#%4&1)0%&1#&!/#'!P#%=&!<.$!Q&,'&$!($4!P0$42&3&)($)&$!?(!,'&(&1$;!+#&,&!O&3&)($)&$!

3&14&$! /#'! P#%=&! 4&,! $&(&$! R#$&7'! >&$,.1,I,'&/,! <.$! :#71.,.='! )&=#%/';! +0,! ?(!

&$'3#7C&%$4&! F1.)10//! 3&1'&'! 4#&! 0(=)&$.//&$&$! O#%4&1! 0(,! ($4! ,&$4&'! 4#&!

&$',-1&78&$4&$! O&=&8%&! 4&1! Q&,'&$! ($4! O&3&)($)&$! -1.)10//#$'&1$! 0$! 4#&! M#4&.N!

($4!O#%4&1)0%&1#&!3&#'&1;!

+&1! =.%)&$4&! O&1#78'! 2&,78B='#)'! ,#78! /#'! 4&1! +&=#$#'#.$! 4&1! 6($C'#.$0%#'B'&$! 4&,!

F1.)10//,!=S1!4#&!O#%4&1N!($4!M#4&.)0%&1#&;!+0,!4010(=!=.%)&$4&!R0-#'&%!2&,78B='#)'!,#78!

/#'!4&1!+&=#$#'#.$!4&1!Q&,'&$!($4!O&3&)($)&$H!3&%78&!0%,!O&=&8%&!#$'&1-1&'#&1'!3&14&$!

,.%%&$;! @&#'&1! 3#14! 0(78! 40,! F1.)10//! ?(1! "1C&$$($)! <.$! Q&,'&$! 2&,-1.78&$;! 9$!

&#$&/!<#&1'&$!A&#%!3#14!40,!F1.)10//!=S1!4#&!M#4&.N!($4!O#%4&1)0%&1#&!&$'3.1=&$!($4!

&1C%B1';!

! F=%#78'&$8&='!

K!

+ ,-%#./'&$/&-'*

+#&,&,! R0-#'&%! )#2'! &#$&$! T2&12%#7C! S2&1! 40,! )&$0(&! F=%#78'&$8&='! ($4! ?&#)'H! /#'!

3&%78&/!:0'&1#0%!)&012&#'&'!3#14;!

+0! ,123&4'5#&%*

+0,!6.1,78($),#$,'#'('!94#0-H!40,!,#78!#$!&1,'&1!U#$#&!4&1!:&$,78N:0,78#$&N>78$#'','&%%&!

($4! 4&/! :0$0)&/&$'! <.$! :(%'#/&4#0#$=.1/0'#.$&$! 3#4/&'H! &$'3#7C&%'! 0(78!

A&78$.%.)#&4&/.$,'10'#.$,,I,'&/&H!(/!4#&!V==&$'%#78C&#'!0(=!40,!9$,'#'('!0(=/&1C,0/!

?(!/078&$;!

9$! 4#&,&/! 5(,0//&$80$)! ,.%%! #/! W08/&$! 4#&,&1! +#-%./012&#'! &#$! >I,'&/! ?(1!

O&4#&$($)! ($4! >'&(&1($)! &#$&1! O#%4&1N! ($4! M#4&.)0%&1#&! &$'3#7C&%'! 3&14&$H! /#'! 4&/!

/0$!$(1!/#''&%,!Q&,'&$!4#&!O#%4&1!4(178,&8&$H!3#&4&1)&2&$!($4!<&1)1G,,&1$!.4&1!&#$!

M#4&.!<.13B1',N!.4&1!1S7C3B1',,-(%&$!C0$$!($4!B8$%#78&!6($C'#.$0%#'B'&$;!

+#&!=.%)&$4&$!F($C'&!<&14&('%#78&$!4#&!5#&%&!4#&,&1!+#-%./012&#'X!

NY! +&=#$#'#.$! 4&1! 6($C'#.$0%#'B'&$! 4&,! +&/.$,'10'#.$,,I,'&/,!

($4!4&1!>'&(&1)&,'&$H!

NY! "$'3#7C%($)!&#$&1!D$3&$4($)!?(1!"1C&$$($)!4#&,&1!Q&,'&$!

/#''&%,!R#$&7'H!

NY! "$'3#7C%($)!4&1!+&/.ND$3&$4($)H!3&%78&!4#&!O#%4&1N!($4!

M#4&.)0%&1#&$!<&130%'&';!

+0+ 67'&1#7%*

E/! 4#&,&! +#-%./012&#'! ?(! 1&0%#,#&1&$H! 3&14&$! 40,! R#$&7'N>&$,.1,I,'&/! <.$! :#71.,.='!

=S1!4#&!>-#&%C.$,.%&!ZO[Z!($4!&#$!:07O..C!D#1!<&13&$4&';!

+#&!>-&?#=#C0'#.$&$!4&,!:07O..C!D#1!,#$4!=.%)&$4&X!

NY! K;*\!QP?!9$'&%!].1&!K!+(.!

NY! ^!QO!*L_`!:P?!++W\!WD:!

NY! Ka_!:O!bM9+9D!Q&6.17&!\KL!:!

E/! &#$! F1.)10//! ?(! ,781&#2&$! 3#14! 40,! "$'3#7C%($),'..%! Z].4&! \;K;a! <&13&$4&';!

5(,B'?%#78! 40?(! 3&14&$! =S1! 4#&! +(178=S81($)! 4&1! +#-%./012&#'! $.78! 4#&! =.%)&$4&$!

O#2%#.'8&C&$!)&$('?'X!

NY! [-&$b9X! 9,'! &#$&! U#2101IH! 3&%78&! 2&$('?'! 3#14! (/! &#)&$&!

F1.)10//&! ?(! &$'3#7C&%$H! 3&%78&! 0(=! 40,! R#$&7'N

>&$,.1,I,'&/!?()1&#=&$;!+#&!<&13&$4&'&!M&1,#.$!#,'!*;L;!

NY! b9A"X!9,'!&#$&!:#44%&301&H!3&%78&!<.$![-&$b9!)&210(78'!3#14;!

+#&,&!80'!?(/!5#&%!&#$#)&!D,-&C'&!4&1!F&1,.$&$&1C&$$($)!($4!

\!

F&1,.$&$<&1=.%)($)! ?(! <&1&#$=078&$! ($4! #,'! 4#1&C'! #$! [-&$b9!

&#$)&2($4&$;!

NY! [-&$]MX! 9,'! &#$&! O#2%#.'8&CH! 3&%78&! ,#78! 80(-',B78%#78! /#'!

]./-('&1!M#,#.$!2&,78B='#)'!($4!#$!4#&,&/!5(,0//&$80$)!?(1!

D$?&#)&! 4&1! +0'&$! 4&,! R#$&7'N>&$,.1,I,'&/,! <&13&$4&'! 3#14;!

+#&,&! O#2%#.'8&C! <&1&#$=078'! 0(78! 4#&! @&#'&1<&1012&#'($)! <.$!

O#%440'&$;!",!3#14!4#&!M&1,#.$!K;K!<&13&$4&';!

NY! c'X! +#&,&! O#2%#.'8&C! 3#14! <&13&$4&'! (/! 4#&! <&1,78#&4&$&$!

6&$,'&1! ($4! 4&1&$! 9$80%'&! ?(! 4&=#$#&1&$! ($4! 0$?(?&#)&$;! +#&!

<&13&$4&'&!M&1,#.$!#,'!^;`;^;!

NY! cd'X! 9,'! &#$&! O#2%#.'8&CH! 3&%78&! c'! &13&#'&1'! ($4! &#$#)&!

?(,B'?%#78&!6($C'#.$&$!=S1!4#&!Q0%&1#&0$,#78'&$!2&1&#','&%%';!+#&!

<&13&$4&'&!M&1,#.$!#,'!L;_;*;!

! P014301&!e!R#$&7'!>&$,.1,I,'&/!

^!

8 971:;71&*<*=#$&.'*>&$?21?@?'&A*

+#&,&,! R0-#'&%! 2&=0,,'! ,#78! /#'! 4&1! <&13&$4&'&$! P014301&! 4&,! >&$,.1,I,'&/,;! ",!

3&14&$! C(1?! &#$#)&! "#)&$,780='&$! 4&,! >&$,.1,I,'&/,! )&?&#)'H! 3&%78&! 3B81&$4! 4&$!

A&,',!&$'4&7C'!3&14&$!C.$$'&$;!

+#&!P014301&!4&,!>&$,.1,I,'&/,!C0$$!#$!4&$!=.%)&$4&$!D22#%4($)&$!&1C0$$'!3&14&$;!

!

BCC#%:($)*!D*=#$&.'E>&$?21?@?'&A*A#'*F&?./1#-'($)*:&1*>&$?21#4*G!HI*

!

BCC#%:($)*+D*=#$&.'E>&$?21?@?'&A*J$$&$7$?#./'*G!KI*

a!

@#&!/0$!#$!4&1!D22#%4($)!*!&1C&$$&$!C0$$H!2&,#'?'!40,!<&13&$4&'&!>&$,.1,I,'&/!&#$&!

WQO! R0/&10! ($4! &#$! \+! A#&=&$,&$,.1;! @&#'&1! #,'! 0(78! &#$&! :(%'#ND110I! :#C1.-8.$!

&#$)&20(';!E$4!(/!4&/!>&$,.1!&#$&!)1G,,&1&!:G)%#78C&#'!?(1!O#%40(=$08/&!?(!2#&'&$H!

2&,#'?'!40,!>&$,.1,I,'&/!&#$&$!:.'.1!?(1!<&1'#C0%&$!O&3&)($)!/#'!+1&8-($C'!#/!6(,,!

4&,!Q&1B',;!

D22#%4($)!K!?&#)'!&#$!3&$#)!/&81!<.$!4&/!D(=20(!4&,!>&$,.1,I,'&/,;!",!3#14!)&?&#)'!

3#&!40,!9$$&$%&2&$!4&,!>&$,.1,!0(,,#&8';!

+#&! WQO! R0/&10! $#//'! O#%4&1! /#'! &#$&1! D(=%G,($)! <.$! _^L! /0%! ^fL! F#d&%! /#'! &#$&1!

O#%410'&!<.$!\L!O#%4&1$!-1.!>&C($4&!0(=;!+&1!\+!A#&=&$,&$,.1!20,#&1'!0(=!4&1!9$=101.'!

A&78$#C;! ",! 3&14&$! C%01! 4&=#$#&1'&! U#78'#/-(%,&! #/! 9$=101.'2&1&#78! <./! >&$4&1!

0(,)&,78#7C';! +&1! "/-=B$)&1! C0$$! 4#&,&! U#78'#/-(%,&! #$'&1-1&'#&1&$! ($4! 4010(,! &#$!

A#&=&$2#%4!2&1&78$&$;!+0,!A#&=&$2#%4!80'!&2&$=0%%,!&#$&!D(=%G,($)!<.$!_^L!/0%!^fL!F#d&%!

($4!&#$&!O#%410'&!<.$!\L!O#%4&1$!-1.!>&C($4&;!E/!&#$!A#&=&$2#%4!?(!&180%'&$H!3#14!=S1!

g&4&,!F#d&%!4#&!U#78'#$'&$,#'B'!)&/&,,&$!($4!&$',-1&78&$4!4&/!:&,,3&1'!401)&,'&%%';!

+#&!=.%)&$4&!D22#%4($)!#%%(,'1#&1'!&#$!F1.2%&/!4&,!A#&=&$2#%4,!($4!4&1!40?()&8G1&$4&$!

9$=101.',&$,.1&$;!

!

BCC#%:($)*8D*"#)&$/&#'*:&?*=#$&.'E>&$?21?@?'&A?*

+0,! F1.2%&/! 2&,'&8'! 401#$H! 40,,! 4&1! 9$=101.',&$4&1! h)1S$i! $#78'! #//&1! 0%%&! 6%B78&$!

2&%&(78'&$! C0$$H! 3&%78&! <./! 9$=101.'&/-=B$)&1! h1.'i! )&,&8&$! 3&14&$;! +04(178! 3#14!

4#&!($2&%&(78'&'&!6%B78&!#$$&180%2!4&,!A#&=&$2#%4,!0%,!,78301?&!6%B78&!401)&,'&%%'H!3&#%!

4#&! U#78'#$'&$,#'B'! 4#&,&1! 6%B78&! /#'! 4&/! >'0$40143&1'! L! <&1,&8&$! 3#14;! +#&,! #,'!

404(178!-1.2%&/0'#,78H!40!g&!$B8&1!&#$&!6%B78&!4&1!R0/&10!#,'H!(/,.!4($C%&1!3#14!4#&,&!

0(=! 4&/! O#%4! 401)&,'&%%'H! 4&$$! 4#&! U#78'#$'&$,#'B'! )&8'! $B8&1! 0$! 4&$! @&1'! L;! +#&,&!

A0',078&!&1,783&1'!4#&!D$0%I,&!4&,!A#&=&$2#%4,;!

Beleuchtete

Seite Unbeleuchtete

Seite

! @08%!4&1!O#2%#.'8&C&$!

_!

L M7/%*:&1*F#C%#2'/&4&$*

+#&,&,! R0-#'&%! 2&,78B='#)'! ,#78! &#$=S81&$4! #$! 40,! F1.g&C'! C(1?! /#'! 4&1! @08%! 4&1!

O#2%#.'8&C&$;!

L0! NO&$PQ*

[-&$]M!#,'!&#$&!O#2%#.'8&CH!4#&!&$'3#7C&%'!3(14&!(/!4#&!D,-&C'&!4&1!]./-('&1!M#,#.$!

?(! <&1&#$=078&$;! >#&! ,'&%%'! ,&81! <#&%&! 6($C'#.$&$! ?(1! M&1=S)($)! (/! O&1&78$($)&$! 0(=!

O#%4&1$! ($4! O#%440'&$! ,&81! &#$=078! ($4! 10,78! 0(,=S81&$! ?(! CG$$&$;! +#&,&! O#2%#.'8&C!

2#&'&'!,#78!4&,80%2!0$H!3&#%!,#&!<.$!9$'&%!($'&1,'S'?'!3#14;!+0,!2&4&('&'!0(78H!40,,!4#&!

O&1&78$($)&$!($4!4&1&$!T2&1,&'?($)!#$!].4&!,&81!,'01C!0$!4#&!D178#'&C'(1!<.$!9$'&%!

F1.?&,,.1&$!0$)&%&8$'!#,'!($4!4#&,&!.-'#/0%!0(,$S'?';!+#&,!#,'!4&1!P0(-')1($4!?(1!@08%!

4#&,&1!O#2%#.'8&C;!

L0+ NO&$RJ*($:*RJS"*

[-&$b9!($4!b9A"!,#$4!O#2%#.'8&C&$H!2&?#&8($),3&#,&!:#44%&301&H!(/!&#$&!M&12#$4($)!

?(/!R#$&7'!>&$,.1,I,'&/!0(=?(20(&$;!+#&!@08%!=#&%!0(=!4#&,&H!3&#%![-&$b9!,&81!&#$=078!

?(! )&210(78&$! #,'! ($4! 3B81&$4! 4&$! A&,',! 0(78! ,&81! ,'02#%! %#&=! hS2&1! *! >'($4&! 2#,! ?(1!

$.1/0%&$!F1.)10//2&&$4($)iH!'1.'?!4&1!/./&$'0$!#$,'02#%&$!M&1,#.$!=S1!:07![>!Z;!

L08 T'*($:*TU'*

c'!#,'!4#&!&#$=078,'&!O#2%#.'8&C!(/!6&$,'&1!&1,'&%%&$!?(!CG$$&$;!>#&!2#&'&'!0(78!)&$S)&$4!

6($C'#.$0%#'B'&$!(/!40,!:&$SNH!O#%40$?&#)&N!($4!M#4&.0$?&#)&=&$,'&1!#/-%&/&$'#&1&$!

?(!CG$$&$;!

+#&!O#2%#.'8&C!cd'!#,'!&#$&!"13&#'&1($)!?(!c'!($4!3#14!<&13&$4&'!(/!4#&!O#%4&1N!($4!

M#4&.)0%&1#&!?(!&1,'&%%&$;!>#&!2#&'&'!?(,B'?%#78!$.78!&#$#)&!6($C'#.$0%#'B'&$H!4#&!c'!$#78'!

80'! ($4! 4#&! 40,! F1.)10//! #$'&1&,,0$'&1! )&,'0%'&$;! D%,! O&#,-#&%! %B,,'! ,#78! 8#&1! 4#&!

6%.3<#&3!$&$$&$;!

`!

V W&-#$#'#2$*:&1*X($4'#2$7%#'Y'&$*:&?*,12)17AA?*

+#&,&,! R0-#'&%! 2&,78B='#)'! ,#78! /#'! 4&1! +&=#$#'#.$! 4&1! 6($C'#.$0%#'B'&$! 4&,!

+&/.$,'10'#.$,-1.)10//,;! +0,! +&/.$,'10'#.$,-1.)10//! ,&'?'! ,#78! ?(,0//&$! 0(,!

&#$&1! O#%4&1)0%&1#&! ($4! &#$&1! M#4&.)0%&1#&;! b078=.%)&$4! 3&14&$! 4#&! &$',-1&78&$4&$!

6($C'#.$&$! ($4! >'&(&1/G)%#78C&#'&$! /#'! 4&$! 40?()&8G1#)&$! Q&,'&$! #/! %&'?'&$!

E$'&1C0-#'&%!4&=#$#&1';!

",!3&14&$!4#&!&#$?&%$&$!F1.)10//=&$,'&1!)&'1&$$'!2&'1078'&'!($4!=S1!g&4&,!3&14&$!4#&!

6($C'#.$&$!=&,')&%&)';!

V0! 6&$Z-&$?'&1*

+0,! :&$S=&$,'&1! 80'! 4#&! D(=)02&! 4&$! O&$('?&1! <.1! 4#&! @08%! ?(! ,'&%%&$H! .2! &1! 4#&!

O#%4&1)0%&1#&! .4&1! 4#&! M#4&.)0%&1#&! 0$,780(&$! /G78'&;! U.)#,78&13&#,&! C0$$! 4&1!

O&$('?&1! 0(78! 40,! F1.)10//! <.$! 4#&,&/! 6&$,'&1! 0(,! 2&&$4&$;! +#&,! 3#14! S2&1!

:&$S-($C'&! &1/G)%#78'! hD(,308%! ?3#,78&$! O#%4&1N! ($4! M#4&.)0%&1#&i! .4&1! S2&1! &#$&!

j0C'#<&!"7C&k!h>78%#&,,&$!4&,!F1.)10//,!#$!4&1!"7C&!.2&$!%#$C,i;!

+#&!$078=.%)&$4&!D22#%4($)!<&14&('%#78'!40,!&2&$!)&,0)'&;!

!

BCC#%:($)*LD*6&$Z-&$?'&1*:&?*W&A2$?'17'#2$?O12)17AA?*

V0+ [7%&1#&-&$?'&1*\F#%:&1E*($:*Q#:&2)7%&1#&]*

+0,! Q0%&1#&=&$,'&1! &$'8B%'! &#$&! D(=%#,'($)! 4&1! O#%4&1! .4&1! M#4&.,;! +&1! O&$('?&1! C0$$!

$($!0(,3B8%&$H!3&%78&,!O#%4!#/!Q1.,,=.1/0'!0$)&?&#)'!.4&1!3&%78&,!M#4&.!02)&,-#&%'!

3&14&$!,.%%!hJ&!$078!D(,308%!#/!:&$S=&$,'&1i;!D%,!F1.)10//2&$('?&1!C0$$!/0$!0(78!

4(178! 4#&! Q0%&1#&! ,71.%%&$H! (/! 0%%&! O#%4&1! .4&1! M#4&.,! #$! 4&1! T2&1,#78'! 0$,780(&$! ?(!

CG$$&$;!@&#'&1!C0$$!4&1!O&$('?&1!$0'S1%#78!0(78!<.$!8#&1!0(,!?(1S7C!#$,!:&$S=&$,'&1!

)&%0$)&$;!+#&,!3#14!3#&4&1(/!S2&1!4#&!j0C'#<&!"7C&k!.2&$!%#$C,!&1/G)%#78';!

+#&!=.%)&$4&!D22#%4($)!?&#)'!40,!6&$,'&1!=S1!4#&!M#4&.N!($4!4#&!O#%4&1)0%&1#&;!

+&=#$#'#.$!4&1!6($C'#.$0%#'B'&$!4&,!F1.)10//,!

f!

!

BCC#%:($)*VD*[7%&1#&-&$?'&1*-Z1*:#&*F#%:&1E*($:*Q#:&2)7%&1#&*

V08 F#%:-&$?'&1*

@&$$!,#78!4&1!O&$('?&1!&$',78#&4&$!80'H!&#$!O#%4!#/!Q1.,,=.1/0'!0$?(,780(&$H!80'!&1!#$!

4#&,&/! 6&$,'&1! 4#&! :G)%#78C&#'! ?(/! $B78,'&$! .4&1! <.18&1#)&$! O#%4! #$! 4&1! U#,'&! ?(!

3&78,&%$;! @&$$! &#$! U#,'&$&$4&! &11&#78'! 3&14&$! ,.%%'&H! 3#14! ?(/! 0$4&1&$! U#,'&$&$4&!

)&3&78,&%';!",!3#14!4&/!O&$('?&1!0(78!4#&!:G)%#78C&#'!)&)&2&$!40,!O#%4!?(!<&1)1G,,&1$!

.4&1!?(!<&1C%&#$&1$H!,&%2,'!40,!+1&8&$!<.$!O#%4&1$!3#14!($'&1,'S'?';!+0!40,!M&1)1G,,&1$!

<.$! O#%4&1$! ($'&1,'S'?'! 3#14H! C0$$! 40,! O#%4! %.)#,78&13&#,&! 0(78! <&1,78.2&$! 3&14&$;!

M.$!4#&,&/!6&$,'&1!0(,!C0$$!4&1!O&$('?&1!0(78!3#&4&1!?(1!O#%4&1)0%&1#&!)&%0$)&$;!

+#&!=.%)&$4&!D22#%4($)!?&#)'!,.%78!&#$!6&$,'&1!?(1!O#%40$,#78';!

!

BCC#%:($)*^D*F#%:-&$?'&1*5(1*,1Y?&$'7'#2$*_2$*3&:&A*F#%:*&#$5&%$*

V0L Q#:&2-&$?'&1*

+0,!M#4&.=&$,'&1!)#2'!4&/!O&$('?&1!4#&!:G)%#78C&#'!,&#$!)&3B8%'&,!M#4&.!0$?(,780(&$;!

@&#'&1!C0$$!&1!0(78!4#&!U0(','B1C&!4&,!M#4&.,!B$4&1$;!",!2&,'&8'!0(78!4#&!:G)%#78C&#'!

?(/!$B78,'&$!.4&1!<.18&1#)&$!M#4&.!#$!4&1!U#,'&!?(!3&78,&%$;!>.%%'&!&#$!"$4&!4&1!U#,'&!

&11&#78'!3&14&$H!3#14!?(/!0$4&1&$!U#,'&$&$4&!)&3&78,&%';!b0'S1%#78&13&#,&!C0$$!40,!

M#4&.! 0(78! 0$)&80%'&$! hF0(,&i! ($4! 4010(=8#$! 3#&4&1! =.1')&,&'?'! 3&14&$! hF%0Ii;! M.$!

8#&1!0(,!C0$$!4&1!O&$('?&1!3#&4&1(/!?(1!M#4&.)0%&1#&!3&78,&%$;!

l!

+#&!$078,'&8&$4&!D22#%4($)!?&#)'!&#$!6&$,'&1!=S1!40,!D$?&#)&$!&#$&,!M#4&.,;!

!

BCC#%:($)*`D*Q#:&2-&$?'&1*5(1*,1Y?&$'7'#2$*_2$*Q#:&2?*

V0V J$-21A7'#2$?-&$?'&1*

:#'! P#%=&! 4#&,&,! 6&$,'&1,! 3#14! 4&1! O&$('?&1! 401S2&1! #$=.1/#&1'H! 3.! ,#78! 4#&! PB$4&!

2&=#$4&$H! ($4! .2! 4#&! PB$4&! S2&180(-'! #$! 4&1! 6($C'#.$,?.$&! %#&)&$;! @&$$! ,#78! 4#&!

PB$4&!#$!4&1!6($C'#.$,?.$&!0(=80%'&$H!3&14&$!,#&!)1S$!)&=B12';!+#&!F.,#'#.$!%B,,'!,#78!

0(78!/#'!P#%=&!4#&,&,!6&$,'&1,!)&$S)&$4!)&$0(!2&,'#//&$;!

+#&!=.%)&$4&$!D22#%4($)&$!?&#)&$!40,!9$=.1/0'#.$,=&$,'&1;!9/!&1,'&$!O#%4!2&=#$4&'!,#78!

4#&!P0$4!#$$&180%2!4&1!6($C'#.$,?.$&!($4!#/!?3&#'&$!O#%4!$#78';!

!

BCC#%:($)*HD*J$-21A7'#2$?-&$?'&1*A#'*97$:*#$$&1/7%C*:&1*X($4'#2$?52$&*

+&=#$#'#.$!4&1!6($C'#.$0%#'B'&$!4&,!F1.)10//,!

*L!

!

BCC#%:($)*KD*J$-21A7'#2$?-&$?'&1*A#'*97$:*7(??&1/7%C*:&1*X($4'#2$?52$&*

5(,B'?%#78! 3&14&$! 0$! 4&$! -0,,&$4&$! >'&%%&$! 4#&,&,! 6&$,'&1! $.78! W&78'&7C&! ?(1!

2&,,&1&$! [1#&$'#&1($)! &#$)&?&#78$&';! +#&,&! 8B$)&$! <./! /./&$'0$&$! 5(,'0$4! 02;! +#&!

=.%)&$4&$!D22#%4($)&$!<&14&('%#78&$!4#&,;!

!

BCC#%:($)*!aD*J$-21A7'#2$?-&$?'&1*A#'*b&./'&.4&$*-Z1*:7?*>'71'A&$Z*

**!

!

BCC#%:($)*!!D*J$-21A7'#2$?-&$?'&1*A#'*b&./'&.4&$*-Z1*:#&*[7%&1#&-&$?'&1*

!

BCC#%:($)*!+D*J$-21A7'#2$?-&$?'&1*A#'*b&./'&.4&$*-Z1*F#%:E*($:*Q#:&27$5&#)&*

V0^ W2.4#$)*X&$?'&1*

@#&! /0$! #$! 4&$! D22#%4($)&$! ^! 2#,! `! ,&8&$! C0$$! #,'! $&2&$! 4&1! +01,'&%%($)! 4&1!

O&$('?&1.2&1=%B78&!$.78!&#$!+.7C#$)!6&$,'&1!0$)&21078';!:#'!P#%=&!4#&,&,!6&$,'&1,!C0$$!

,#78! 4&1! O&$('?&1! 401S2&1! #$=.1/#&1&$! 3.! ,#78! 4#&! P0$4! 2&=#$4&'! ($4! 3&%78&! Q&,'&!

)&=($4&$!3(14&;!+&1!53&7C!($4!4#&!6($C'#.$!4#&,&,!6&$,'&1,!,#$4!4#&,&%2&$!3#&!=S1!40,!

9$=.1/0'#.$,=&$,'&1!0(,!4&/!<.18&1)&8&$4&$!R0-#'&%;!

+04(178!40,,!4&1!O&$('?&1!0(78!,&8&$!C0$$H!30,!=S1!&#$!D$0%I,&1&,(%'0'!&1?#&%'!3(14&H!

3#14!4#&!O&4#&$($)!,'01C!<&1&#$=078';!

+#&!=.%)&$4&!D22#%4($)!?&#)'!&#$!+.7C#$)!6&$,'&1!/#'!&#$&/!D$0%I,&1&,(%'0';!

+&=#$#'#.$!4&1!6($C'#.$0%#'B'&$!4&,!F1.)10//,!

*K!

!

BCC#%:($)*!8D*W2.4#$)*X&$?'&1*A#'*B$7%@?&1&?(%'7'*($:*,2?#'#2$?7$5&#)&*

+0,!W&78'&7C!?(.2&1,'!<./!+.7C#$)!6&$,'&1!?&#)'!0$!3.!,#78!4#&!P0$4!2&=#$4&'!h1.'&1!

F($C'i!($4!3.!4#&!0C'#<&$!6%B78&$!,#$4;!+01($'&1!#,'!40,!D$0%I,&1&,(%'0'!0%,!A&d'!

&$'80%'&$X!

N Q!,'&8'!=S1!4#&!Q&,'&H!

N [!1&-1B,&$'#&1'!4#&![1#&$'#&1($)!4&1!P0$4H!

N :!?&#)'!0$H!#$!3&%78&!W#78'($)!,#78!4#&!P0$4!2&3&)'!

V0` W&-#$#'#2$*:&1*>'&(&1)&?'&$*

+#&!Q&,'&$!?(1!>'&(&1($)!4&,!F1.)10//,!,.%%&$!/G)%#78,'!$0'S1%#78!,&#$;!+#&,!#,'!,&81!

3#78'#)!(/!0(78!4#&!O&4#&$($)!=S1!4&$!O&$('?&1!0$)&$&8/!?(!)&,'0%'&$;!"#$!3&#'&1&,!

3#78'#)&,! R1#'&1#(/! #,'! 4#&! D1'! 4&1! Q&,'&$;! J&4&! Q&,'&H! 4#&! )&$('?'! 3#14H! /(,,!

]8010C'&1#,'#C&$!0(=3&#,&$H!3&%78&!4#&!Q&,'&!<.$!0%%&$!0$4&1&$!($'&1,78&#4&';!60%%,!4#&,!

$#78'!4&1!60%%!#,'H!#,'!4#&!Q&,'&!($210(78201!($4!C0$$!$#78'!)&$('?'!3&14&$;!D(,!4#&,&$!

Q1S$4&$!3&14&$!$(1!<#&1!Q&,'&$!4&=#$#&1';!+#&,!,#$4!4#&!=.%)&$4&$!Q&,'&$X!

N 60(,'!

N P0$4!/#'!)&,-1&#?'&$!6#$)&1$!

N P0$4!/#'!?3&#!)&,'1&7C'&$!6#$)&1$!

N P0$4!/#'!?(,0//&$)&%&)'&$!($4!)&,'1&7C'&$!6#$)&1$!

E/! &#$&! /G)%#78,'! )1.,,&! D(,,78G-=($)! 4#&,&1! Q&,'&$! ?(! &180%'&$! ($4! (/! 4#&!

6($C'#.$0%#'B'&$!4&,!F1.)10//,!2&4#&$&$!?(!CG$$&$H!3&14&$!4#&!?3&#!%&'?')&$0$$'&$!

Q&,'&$! $.78! /#'! 4&1! [1#&$'#&1($)! 4&1! 6#$)&1,-#'?&$! <&1,&8&$;! 5(,B'?%#78! 3#14! 0(78!

($'&1,78#&4&$!.2!,#78!4#&!P0$4!2&3&)'!.4&1!$#78';!+&$$!0(78!4#&!O&3&)($),1#78'($)!

#,'! &#$! 3#78'#)&,! R1#'&1#(/! =S1! 4#&! Q&,'#C;! @&#'&1! C0$$! 0(78! ($'&1,78#&4&$! 3&14&$! .2!

$(1!&#$&!P0$4!)&210(78'!3#14!.4&1!?3&#!PB$4&!=S1!4#&,&!Q&,'&!)&$('?'!3&14&$;!

+0,! 2&4&('&'H! 40,,! /#'! 4&$! <#&1! .2#)&$! P0$4=.1/&$! 4#&! =.%)&$4&$! Q&,'&$! 4&=#$#&1'!

3&14&$!CG$$&$X!

N "#$&!P0$4X!

o 60(,'!$078!%#$C,!2&3&)'!

o 60(,'!$078!1&78',!2&3&)'!

o 60(,'!$078!.2&$!2&3&)'!

o 60(,'!$078!($'&$!2&3&)'!

o 60(,'!,'#%%!0(=!F.,#'#.$!

o P0$4!/#'!)&,-1&#?'&$!6#$)&1$!,'#%%!0(=!F.,#'#.$!

o P0$4!/#'!)&,-1&#?'&$!6#$)&1$!$078!%#$C,!2&3&)'!

*\!

o P0$4!/#'!)&,-1&#?'&$!6#$)&1$!$078!1&78',!2&3&)'!

o P0$4!/#'!)&,-1&#?'&$!6#$)&1$!$078!.2&$!2&3&)'!

o P0$4!/#'!)&,-1&#?'&$!6#$)&1$!$078!($'&$!2&3&)'!

o P0$4!/#'!?(,0//&$)&%&)'&$!($4!)&,'1&7C'&$!6#$)&1$!,'#%%!0(=!)%&#78&1!

F.,#'#.$!/#'!4&1![1#&$'#&1($)!

o P0$4! /#'! ?3&#! 6#$)&1$! )&,'1&7C'! ,'#%%! 0(=! )%&#78&1! F.,#'#.$! /#'! 4&1!

[1#&$'#&1($)!

N 53&#!PB$4&X!

o 53&#!6B(,'&!/#'!5../=0C'.1!($4!+1&83#$C&%!

+#&,&! Q&,'&$! )&$S)&$! (/! 0%%&! )&=.14&1'&$! ($4! 4&=#$#&1'&$! 6($C'#.$0%#'B'&$! 4&,!

+&/.$,'10'#.$,-1.)10//,!2&4#&$&$!?(!CG$$&$;!

+#&! 5(.14$($)! 4&1! Q&,'&$! 3(14&! )1G,,'&$'&#%,! 4&$! 8&('&! &d#,'#&1&$4&$! A.(78,71&&$,!

0(=! >/01'-8.$&,! ($4! B8$%#78&$! Q&1B'&$! $078&/-=($4&$;! +&1! Q1($4! 8#&1=S1! #,'!

.==&$,#78'%#78;!F10C'#,78!g&4&1/0$$!80''&!,78.$!&#$/0%!40,!M&1)$S)&$!&#$!,.%78&,!Q&1B'!

?(! 2&4#&$&$! ($4! 3#14! /#'! 0%%&1)1G,,'&1! @081,78&#$%#78C&#'! 4#&,&! Q&,'#C! .4&1! B8$%#78&!

Q&,'&$!#$!4#&,&/!+&/.$,'10'#.$,-1.)10//!<&1,(78&$;!D(,!4#&,&/!Q1($4!3&14&$!4#&!

Q&,'&$!=.%)&$4&1/0,,&$!4&$!6($C'#.$0%#'B'&$!?()&.14$&'X!

!"#$%&'#()&%*%+ ,-.%&$+

/0-1())+&2+31'41(22+

D(,3B8%&$! 60(,'!,'#%%!0(=!4&/!)&3S$,78'&$!F($C'!

52+,()-1&-6-#.%-1+

>71.%%&$!$078!%#$C,! 60(,'!$078!%#$C,!2&3&)'!

>71.%%&$!$078!1&78',! 60(,'!$078!1&78',!2&3&)'!

7&)8(#9-&4-+

$B78,'&,!O#%4! P0$4!$078!1&78',!.1#&$'#&1'!

<.18&1#)&,!O#%4! P0$4!$078!%#$C,!.1#&$'#&1'!

O#%4!<&1,78#&2&$! P0$4!/#'!)&,-1&#?'&$!6#$)&1$!!2&3&)'!

5../&$!($4!41&8&$! 53&#!6B(,'&!2&3&)'!

:&8-'(#9-&4-+

$B78,'&,!M#4&.! P0$4!$078!1&78',!.1#&$'#&1'!

<.18&1#)&,!M#4&.! P0$4!$078!%#$C,!.1#&$'#&1'!

U0(','B1C&!&18G8&$! 60(,'!$078!.2&$!2&3&)'!

U0(','B1C&!<&11#$)&1$! 60(,'!$078!($'&$!2&3&)'!

M#4&.!-0(,#&1&$! P0$4!/#'!)&,-1&#?'&$!6#$)&1$!

S7C&%%&*!D*c(21:$($)*:&1*[&?'&$*5(*:&$*X($4'#2$7%#'Y'&$*

+#&! O#%4&1! ?(! 4#&,&$! Q&,'&$! ($4! &#$&! O&4#&$($),0$%&#'($)! =#$4&$! ,#78! #/! D$80$)! #$!

R0-#'&%!**;\;!

! F1.)10//!?(1!"1C&$$($)!<.$!Q&,'&$!

*^!

^ ,12)17AA*5(1*"14&$$($)*_2$*[&?'&$*

+#&,&,!R0-#'&%!2&,78B='#)'!,#78!/#'!4&$!Q1($4#4&&$!?(1!Q&,'&$&1C&$$($)H!4#&!#$!4#&,&/!

F1.g&C'!0$)&30$4'!3&14&$;!

@&#'&1&!"1C%B1($)&$!,#$4!#/!D$80$)!**;^!?(!=#$4&$;!

^0! X%(??:#7)17AA*:&1*[&?'&$&14&$$($)*

E/! 4&$! D2%0(=! 4&1! Q&,'&$&1C&$$($)! 2&,,&1! )%#&4&1$! ?(! CG$$&$H! 3#14! =.%)&$4&,!

6%(,,4#0)10//!?(1!M&10$,780(%#78($)!8&10$)&?.)&$;!

!

BCC#%:($)*!LD*X%(??:#7)17AA*:&1*[&?'&$&14&$$($)*

Programm zur Gestenerkennung

Bildinhalt auf die Funktionszone reduzieren

Handdistanz finden Hand / Hände

vorhanden?

Handbilder erstellen

Handdaten sammeln

Handdaten auswerten - statische Gesten erkennen

Bewegungserkennung Genügend Bilder für Bewegungserkennung

Erkannte Geste als Event weitergeben

Einlesen des Tiefenbilds der Kinect

Ja

Nein

Nein

Ja

*a!

+0,! 6%(,,4#0)10//! 2#&'&'! &#$&! &1,'&! T2&1,#78'! S2&1! 4&$! D2%0(=! 4&1! Q&,'&$&1C&$$($);!

+#&! &#$?&%$&$! >'0'#.$&$! #/! 6%(,,4#0)10//! 3&14&$! #$! 4&$! $078=.%)&$4&$! R0-#'&%$!

2&,-1.78&$!($4!&1%B('&1';!

^0+ "#$%&?&$*:&1*F#%::7'&$*

6S1! 4#&! W&0%#,0'#.$! 4&1! Q&,'&$&1C&$$($)! 3&14&$! 4#&! O#%440'&$! <.$! 4&/! R#$&7'!

>&$,.1,I,'&/!&#$)&%&,&$;!",!80$4&%'!,#78!8#&12&#!(/!A#&=&$2#%4&1;!J&4&1!F#d&%!#,'!*_!O#'!

)1.,,! ($4! ,'&%%'! &#$&! +#,'0$?! ?3#,78&$! 4&1! R0/&10! ($4! 4&/! 1&0%&$! F($C'! 401;! +#&!

&#$)&%&,&$&$!O#%4&1!802&$!&#$&!Q1G,,&!<.$!_^L!0(=!^fL!F#d&%;!

",! 3#14! 8#&1! 0(=! A#&=&$2#%4&1! ?(1S7C)&)1#==&$H! 40! ,-B'&1! 4#&! P0$4! $#78'! $078! &#$&/!

6012,78&/0H!,.$4&1$!0$80$4!&#$&1!+#,'0$?!)&=($4&$!3&14&$!,.%%;!+#&,!2#&'&'!0(78!4&$!

M.1'&#%H!4#&!D$0%I,&!<&1&#$=078&$!?(!CG$$&$H!4&$$!&,!/S,,&$!$#78'!/&81!<&1,78#&4&$,'&!

/G)%#78&!6012,78&/0,!02)&012&#'&'!3&14&$!(/!&#$&!.4&1!/&81&1&!PB$4&!?(!=#$4&$;!

^08 X($4'#2$?52$&*

+#&! Q&,'&$! 3&14&$! $#78'! 0(=! &#$&/! WQONO#%4! )&,(78'H! ,.$4&1$! 0(=! 4&/! A#&=&$2#%4H!

3&%78&,! <.$! 4&1! R#$&7'! 0(=)&$.//&$! 3#14;! 9/! A#&=&$2#%4! 80'! g&4&1! F#d&%! &#$&! Q1G,,&!

<.$!*_!O#';!+0!4#&!]./-('&1!M#,#.$!O#2%#.'8&C![-&$]M!=S1!&#$#)&!6($C'#.$&$!$(1!O#%4&1!

/#'!&#$&1!F#d&%)1G,,&!<.$!f!O#'!-1.!R0$0%!($'&1,'S'?'H!3#14!#$!&#$&/!&1,'&$!>781#''!40,!

0(=)&$.//&$&!O#%4!0(=!4#&,&!Q1G,,&!1&4(?#&1';!+0$078!3#14H!)&,'S'?'!0(=!4&1!D$$08/&H!

40,,! ,#78! ?3#,78&$! 4&1! R0/&10! ($4! 4&$! PB$4&$! 4&,! O&$('?&1,! $#78',! 2&=#$4&'H! &#$&!

6($C'#.$,?.$&!0$)&%&)';!

+#&!$078=.%)&$4&!D22#%4($)!?&#)'!4#&!f!O#'!M&1,#.$!4&,![1#)#$0%2#%4&,;!

!

BCC#%:($)*!VD*H*F#'*Q&1?#2$*:&?*N1#)#$7%C#%:?*_2$*:&1*=#$&.'*

+#&! 6($C'#.$,?.$&! 80'! &#$&! C0/&10=&1$&! Q1&$?&! /#'! 4&/! @&1'! <.$! ^L;! +#&,&1! @&1'!

&$',-1#78'!($)&=B81!&#$&1!+#,'0$?!<.$!fL!5&$'#/&'&1$!?(1!R0/&10;!+#&,&!+#,'0$?!3(14&!

)&3B8%'H! 40,,! ,#78! 4&1! O&$('?&1! #$! &#$&1! 0$)&$&8/&$! +#,'0$?! ?(1! R0/&10! ($4! 4&/!

]./-('&12#%4,78#1/! 2&=#$4&';! >./#'! C0$$! 4&1! O&$('?&1! #$! &#$&1! 0$)&$&8/&$! F.,#'#.$!

40,!+&/.$,'10'#.$,-1.)10//!2&4#&$&$!($4!,#&8'!0(78!)('H!3#&!40,!F1.)10//!1&0)#&1';!

! F1.)10//!?(1!"1C&$$($)!<.$!Q&,'&$!

*_!

+#&! O1&#'&! 4#&,&1! 6($C'#.$,?.$&! 80'! 4&$! @&1'! KL;! +#&,! &$',-1#78'! &#$&1! O1&#'&! <.$!

($)&=B81!^L!5&$'#/&'&1$;!+#&!6($C'#.$,?.$&!3(14&!,.!C%&#$!)&3B8%'H!(/!4&$!O&$('?&1!

/G)%#78,'! 0(=! 4#&! PB$4&! ($4! &#$&$! C%&#$&$! A&#%! 4&1! E$'&101/&! 1&4(?#&1&$! ?(! CG$$&$;!

A1.'?!4&1!C%&#$&$!O1&#'&!C0$$!4&1!b('?&1!,&#$&!PB$4&!#$!4&1!5.$&!$.78!#$!4&1!+#,'0$?!

<01#02&%!2&3&)&$;!

+&1! M.1'&#%! &#$&1! 6($C'#.$,?.$&! #,'H! 40,,! 4&1! b('?&1! 4#&! PB$4&! #$! &#$&1! )&$0(!

4&=#$#&1'&$!+#,'0$?!?(1!R0/&10!2&3&)&$!/(,,;!+08&1!3#14!0(78!,#78&1)&,'&%%'H!40,,!,#78!

$(1! ?3&#! PB$4&! 0(=! 4&/! O#%4! 2&=#$4&$;! +(178! 4#&! 6($C'#.$,?.$&! 2&=#$4&$! ,#78! #/!

94&0%=0%%!$(1!$.78!4#&!PB$4&!($4!&#$!A&#%!4&1!E$'&101/&!0(=!4&/!O#%4;!+&1!RG1-&1!4&,!

O&$('?&1,!3#14!,./#'!0(,!4&/!O#%4!3&)1&4(?#&1';!+0,!W&,(%'0'!4#&,&,!M.1)0$),!3#14!#$!

&#$!2#$B1&,!O#%4!(/)&30$4&%';!

+#&!=.%)&$4&!D22#%4($)!?&#)'!&#$!W&,(%'0'!4#&,&,!D%).1#'8/(,;!

!

BCC#%:($)*!^D*97$:*#$*:&1*X($4'#2$?52$&*A#'*4%&#$&A*S&#%*:&?*d$'&171A?*

^0L 97$:?(./&*

>.20%4!&#$!O#%4!4#&!W&4(C'#.$!0(=!4#&!6($C'#.$,?.$&!4(178%0(=&$!80'H!3#14!$078!PB$4&$!

)&,(78';!

D(=!4&/!1&,(%'#&1&$4&$!O#%4!4&,!<.18&1#)&$!R0-#'&%,!3#14!$($!$078!3&#,,&$!6%B78&$H!,.!

)&$0$$'&$! O%.2,H! )&,(78';! +#&,&! O%.2,! 3&14&$! /#'! P#%=&! <.$! >&m(&$?&$! <.$! F($C'&$!

2&,781#&2&$H!3&%78&!4&$!E/1#,,!401,'&%%&$;!

:#'!P#%=&!4#&,&1!E/1#,,,&m(&$?&$!C0$$!4#&!6%B78&!4&,!O%.2,!2&,'#//'!3&14&$;!+#&,!#,'!

3#78'#)H! 40! /0$! /#'! 4#&,&1! ]8010C'&1#,'#C! ,78.$! O#%4,'G1($)&$! hC%&#$&! 6%B78&i! <.$!

PB$4&$!h)1.,,&!6%B78&$i!($'&1,78&#4&$!C0$$;!

O0,#&1&$4! 0(=! 4&1! D$$08/&H! 40,,! ,#78! #$$&180%2! 4&1! 6($C'#.$,?.$&! $(1! ?3&#! PB$4&!

2&=#$4&$H! 3&14&$! 4#&! ?3&#! &1,'&$! O%.2,! /#'! &#$&1! )&$S)&$4! )1.,,&$! 6%B78&! 0%,! PB$4&!

2&'1078'&';!+#&!:#$4&,')1G,,&!%#&)'!8#&1!2&#!`LLL!F#d&%;!

+#&,&1! @&1'! =.%)'! 0(,! A&,',H! #$! 3&%78&/! 4#&! Q1G,,&! <.$! <&1,78#&4&$&$! P0$4=.1/&$!

0(,)&)&2&$!3(14&;!"#$&!60(,'!&#$&,!&13078,&$&$!:0$$&,!80'!&#$&!6%B78&!<.$!($)&=B81!

*`!

lLLL! F#d&%;! ! +#&! A&,',! 3(14&$! /#'! 4&1! 60(,'! 4(178)&=S81'H! 40! 4#&,&! P0$4=.1/! 4#&!

C%&#$,'&!#,'!($'&1!4&$!8#&1!<&13&$4&'&$;!+#&!Q1&$?&!3(14&!&'30,!'#&=&1!0$)&%&)'H!40!40,!

F1.)10//!0(78!=S1!J()&$4%#78&!2&4#&$201!,&#$!,.%%;!

D(78!4#&!D$$08/&H!40,,!,#78!$(1!?3&#!PB$4&!#$$&180%2!4&1!6($C'#.$,?.$&!2&=#$4&$H!#,'!

404(178! 2&)1S$4&'H! 40,,! ,#78! 4#&! 6($C'#.$,?.$&! ,.! $08! 0$! 4&1! R0/&10! 2&=#$4&'H! 40,,!

,#78!C&#$!?3&#'&1!O&$('?&1!40$&2&$!,'&%%&$!C0$$H!(/!40,!F1.)10//!1#78'#)!2&4#&$&$!?(!

CG$$&$;!"#$!?3&#'&1!O&$('?&1!3S14&!4&$!&1,'&$!O&$('?&1!$(1!,'G1&$;!

@&$$!$($!&#$!O%.2!&#$&!)&$S)&$4!)1.,,&!6%B78&!2&,#'?'H!3#14!4#&!E/1#,,,&m(&$?!4#&,&,!

O%.2,! )&,-&#78&1';! 60%%,! ,#78! $.78! &#$! ?3&#'&1! O%.2! =#$4&'H! 3#14! 0(78! 4&,,&$!

E/1#,,,&m(&$?!)&,-&#78&1';!

^0V 97$::#?'7$5*

>.20%4! &#$&! P0$4! .4&1! ,.)01! ?3&#! PB$4&! )&=($4&$! 3(14&$H! 3#14! =S1! g&4&! P0$4! 4&1!

F($C'! )&,(78'H! 3&%78&1! 4#&! CS1?&,'&! +#,'0$?! ?(1! R0/&10! 0(=3&#,';! +#&,! )&,78#&8'! /#'!

P#%=&!4&1!E/1#,,,&m(&$?H!3&%78&!)&,-&#78&1'!3(14&;!

M.$!g&4&/!F($C'!#$!4#&,&1!>&m(&$?!3#14!4#&!+#,'0$?!0(,!4&/!A#&=&$2#%4!)&%&,&$!($4!4#&!

CS1?&,'&! +#,'0$?! 3#14! )&,-&#78&1';! +#&,! 3#14! =S1! g&4&! 4&1! )&=($4&$&$! PB$4&!

4(178)&=S81';!

+#&,&!#,'!&#$!,&81!&#$=078&1!D%).1#'8/(,!(/!4#&!P0$44#,'0$?!?(!=#$4&$;!",!3#14!4010(=!

<&1?#78'&'! &#$! P#,'.)10//! /#'! 0%%&$! +#,'0$?&$! ($4! 4&1! 40?()&8G1#)&$! M&1'&#%($)!

0$?(=&1'#)&$;!+&1!Q1($4!=S1!4#&!@08%!4#&,&,!&#$=078&$!D%).1#'8/(,!%#&)'!401#$H!40,,!,#78!

4#&! D$0%I,&! $#78'! /#'! 4&/! 6#$4&$! 4&1! P0$44#,'0$?! 0(=80%'&$! %0,,&$! ,.%%H! ,.$4&1$!

,78$&%%,'!/G)%#78!?(1!"1C&$$($)!4&1!Q&,'&$!S2&1)&8&$!,.%%;!

^0^ 97$:C#%:&1*

+0! ,#78! 0(=! 4&1! E/1#,,,&m(&$?! g&4.78! $#78'! $(1! 4#&! P0$4H! ,.$4&1$! 0(78! &#$! A&#%! 4&,!

E$'&101/,!2&=#$4&'H!3#14!#$!4#&,&/!>781#''!=S1!g&4&!P0$4!&#$!O#$B12#%4!&1,'&%%'H!0(=!4&/!

$(1! $.78! 4#&,&! &#$&! P0$4! ?(! =#$4&$! #,';! +#&,&1! >781#''! <&1&#$=078'! 4#&! $078=.%)&$4&!

"18&2($)!4&1!P0$440'&$;!

E/! &#$! P0$42#%4! ?(! &1,'&%%&$! 3#14! #$! &#$&/! &1,'&$! >781#''! &#$! O#%4! =S1! 4#&! P0$4?.$&!

&1,'&%%';! +#&,&! 5.$&! #,'! B8$%#78! ?(1! 6($C'#.$,?.$&H! $(1! #,'! 4#&! O1&#'&! =S1! 4#&,&! 5.$&!

C%&#$&1!($4!4#&!Q1&$?&!#,'!4I$0/#,78;!+#&!Q1&$?&!8B$)'!$B/%#78!<.$!4&1!+#,'0$?!02H!4#&!

#/! <.18&1#)&$! R0-#'&%! )&=($4&$! 3(14&;! +#&! C0/&10=&1$&! Q1&$?&! 4&1! P0$4?.$&! &18B%'!

4&$! @&1'! 4&1! /#$#/0%&$! P0$44#,'0$?! /#$(,! ^;! +&1! @&1'! ^! &$',-1#78'! ($)&=B81! f!

5&$'#/&'&1!($4!&1%0(2'!0(78!4#&!P0$4!&'30,!?(!$&#)&$!($4!$#78'!/#'!lLn!?(/!E$'&101/!

80%'&$!?(!/S,,&$;!+0/#'!4#&!O#%40$0%I,&!C&#$&!F1.2%&/&!0(=3&#,'!3#14!4#&!O1&#'&!4#&,&1!

5.$&!/#'!4&/!@&1'!_!)&3B8%';!+#&,!2&4&('&'H!40,,!4#&!C0/&10$08&!Q1&$?&!0%,.!?#1C0!^!

5&$'#/&'&1!<.1!4&1!:#$#/0%4#,'0$?!%#&)';!Q1($4!40=S1!301&$!&#$#)&!F1.2%&/&H!3&$$!4#&!

C0/&10$08&!Q1&$?&!)%&#78!4&1!:#$#/0%4#,'0$?!#,';!",!3(14&$!6#$)&1!02)&,78$#''&$!.4&1!

#/!6#$)&1!($4!.4&1!4&1!P0$4=%B78&!&$','0$4&$!,78301?&!6%B78&$!($4!<&1($/G)%#78'&$!

&#$&!3&#'&1)&8&$4&!D$0%I,&!4&1!Q&,'&;!

+#&! P0$4?.$&! &%#/#$#&1'! ,78.$! &#$#)&! ($$S'?&! 3&#,,&! 6%B78&$! 0(,,&180%2! 4&1!

)&3S$,78'&$! P0$4=%B78&! ($4! 1&4(?#&1'! 4&$! E$'&101/H! 3&%78&1! ,#78! $.78! #/!

6($C'#.$,?.$&$2#%4! 2&=#$4&';! +0! g&4.78! 2&#4&! PB$4&! 0$$B8&1$4! 4#&,&%2&! +#,'0$?! ?(1!

R0/&10! 2&,#'?&$! CG$$&$H! 3#14! #$! &#$&/! $B78,'&$! >781#''! &#$&! O#$B12#%4/0,C&! &1,'&%%'H!

! F1.)10//!?(1!"1C&$$($)!<.$!Q&,'&$!

*f!

3&%78&!4&$!9$80%'!4&1!E/1#,,,&m(&$?!0(,!4&1!6($C'#.$,?.$&!4&1!P0$4!,78301?!80'!($4!

0%%&,!0$4&1&!0(,,&180%2!#,'!3&#,,;!:#'!P#%=&!4#&,&1!:0,C&!3#14!40,!O#%4!<.$!4&1!P0$4?.$&!

/0,C#&1'! ($4! 0%,! W&,(%'0'! &18B%'! /0$! &#$! O#$B12#%4H! 3&%78&,! $(1! $.78! 4#&! )&3S$,78'&!

P0$4!&$'8B%';!

D(=!4#&,&/!2#$B1&$!P0$42#%4!3#14!$.78!&#$![-&$!0(,)&=S81';!+0,!2&4&('&'H!40,,!?(&1,'!

4#&!,78301?&$!6%B78&$!<&1)1G,,&1'!3&14&$!($4!$0788&1!4#&!3&#,,&!6%B78&!hP0$4=%B78&i!

<&1)1G,,&1'! 3#14;! +#&,&1! M.1)0$)! #,'! 3#78'#)H! (/! ($,0(2&1&! >'&%%&$! h,78301?&! F($C'&H!

C%&#$&!,78301?&!6%B78&$i!#$$&180%2!4&1!P0$4=%B78&!?(!&%#/#$#&1&$;!P#&12&#!#,'!3#78'#)H!

40,,!4#&!3&#,,&!6%B78&!/#$4&,'&$,!&#$/0%!/&81!&13&#'&1'!3#14!0%,!4#&!,78301?&!6%B78&!

<.18&1;!9/!F1.)10//!?(1!Q&,'&$&1C&$$($)!3#14!4#&!,78301?&!6%B78&!41&#/0%!&13&#'&1';!

"#$&! "13&#'&1($)! (/! /&81! F#d&%! 3S14&! 4#&! Q&,'&! /#'! )&,-1&#?'&$! 6#$)&1$! $#78'!

&1/G)%#78&$H! 4&$$! 4#&! 6#$)&1! 3S14&$! 4(178! 40,! "13&#'&1$! 4&1! ,78301?&$! 6%B78&!

)&%G,78';!+010(=8#$!&1=.%)'!&#$!=S$=/0%#)&,!"13&#'&1$!4&1!3&#,,&$!6%B78&;!+04(178!3#14!

4#&! P0$4! ?301! 21&#'&1H! 02&1! 4#&! O#%4,'G1($)&$! #$$&180%2! 4&1! P0$4=%B78&! 3&14&$!

<&1,783#$4&$;!

6S1!2&#4&!PB$4&!3#14!&#$!,.%78&,!O#$B12#%4!&1,'&%%';!:#'!P#%=&!4#&,&,!O#%4&,!%0,,&$!,#78!

0(=! &#$=078&! @&#,&! =S1! g&4&! P0$4! 4#&! $G'#)&$! ]8010C'&1#,'#C&$! 2&1&78$&$! (/! 4#&!

P0$4=.1/!($4!,-B'&1!4#&!Q&,'&!&1C&$$&$!?(!CG$$&$;!

+#&!=.%)&$4&!D22#%4($)!?&#)'!&#$!,.%78&,!2#$B1&,!P0$42#%4;!

!

BCC#%:($)*!`D*F#$Y1&?*97$:C#%:*

^0` 97$::7'&$*

>.20%4!$($!=S1!g&4&!P0$4!&#$!O#$B12#%4!<.180$4&$!#,'H!0(=!4&/!$(1!$.78!4#&,&!&#$&!P0$4!

&$'80%'&$!#,'H!CG$$&$!<&1,78#&4&$,'&!O&1&78$($)&$!4(178)&=S81'!3&14&$H!(/!,-B'&1!4#&!

Q&,'&$!#4&$'#=#?#&1&$!?(!CG$$&$;!+#&!O&1&78$($)&$!($4!4&1&$!"1C%B1($)&$!=#$4&$!,#78!

#/!D$80$)!($'&1!**;^;\;!

:#'! P#%=&! 4&1! O#2%#.'8&C! [-&$]M! 3&14&$! 4#&,&! O&1&78$($)&$! 4(178)&=S81';! 6S1! 4#&,&!

R0%C(%#&1($)&$!3&14&$!4#&!P0$42#%4&1!0(,!4&/!<.18&1)&8&$4&$!R0-#'&%!8&10$)&?.)&$;!

E/! 4#&,&! O&1&78$($)&$! 4(178=S81&$! ?(! CG$$&$H! 3#14! =S1! g&4&,! P0$42#%4! &1$&('! &#$&!

*l!

E/1#,,,&m(&$?!2&1&78$&';!+#&!E/1#,,,&m(&$?!4&,!<.18&1)&8&$4&$!R0-#'&%,H!3&%78&!/#'!

4&/!2#$B1&$!O#%4!0(,!4&1!6($C'#.$,?.$&!&180%'&$!3(14&H!80'!,#78!g0!<&1B$4&1'H!40!$(1!

$.78!4#&!P0$4!.8$&!E$'&101/'&#%&!0(=!4&/!P0$42#%4!#,';!

>.20%4!4#&!$&(&!E/1#,,,&m(&$?!2&1&78$&'!3(14&H!3&14&$!=.%)&$4&!+0'&$!&18.2&$X!

N P0$4=%B78&H!

N P0$4(/=0$)H!

N R./-0C'8&#'H!

N >783&1-($C'H!

N P0$4(/)&2&$4&,!W&78'&7CH!

N W&78'&7C/#''&%-($C'H!

N +#,'0$?!?3#,78&$!W&78'&7C/#''&%-($C'!($4!>783&1-($C'H!

N "d?&$'1#?#'B'H!

N b&#)($),3#$C&%!

+#&,&!+0'&$!3&14&$!=S1!g&4&,!P0$42#%4!&18.2&$!($4!#$!&#$&/!4&1!P0$4!&$',-1&78&$4&$!

[2g&C'! 02)&,-&#78&1'H! 40/#'! #$! &#$&/! $B78,'&$! >781#''! 4#&! Q&,'&$! &1C0$$'! 3&14&$!

CG$$&$;!

D(,,&1! 4&1! P0$4=%B78&H! 4&/! P0$4(/=0$)H! 4&/! 80$4(/)&2&$4&$! W&78'&7C! ($4! 4&/!

b&#)($),3#$C&%! 802&$! 0%%&! 2&1&78$&'&$! @&1'&! 1&%0'#<&$! ]8010C'&1;! +#&,&! A0',078&!

&18G8'! 4#&! @#&4&1<&13&$4201C&#'! 4&,! F1.)10//,;! +0,! 8&#,,'H! 40,,! $#78'! $(1! 4#&!

]8010C'&1#,'#C&$! &#$&1! P0$4! h<./! F1.)10//#&1&1i! )&210(78'! 3&14&$! C0$$H! (/! 40,!

F1.)10//!?(!,'&(&1$H!,.$4&1$!g&4&!P0$4H!4#&!4#&!:#$4&,'3&1'&!4&1!02,.%('&$!R1#'&1#&$!

&1=S%%'H!C0$$!)&210(78'!3&14&$!(/!40,!F1.)10//!?(!,'&(&1$;!

+#&!=.%)&$4&!D22#%4($)!?&#)'!&#$!P0$42#%4!/#'!&#$#)&$!W&,(%'0'&$!4#&,&1!O&1&78$($)&$;!

!

BCC#%:($)*!HD*97$:C#%:*A#'*B(?;&1'($)*

9$! D22#%4($)! *^! ,#&8'! /0$! 40,! 80$4(/)&2&$4&! W&78'&7C! /#'! 4&,,&$! :#''&%-($C'! #$!

)&%2;!+&1!P0$4(/1#,,!($4!4&1!>783&1-($C'!,#$4!1.'!)&?&#78$&';!

! F1.)10//!?(1!"1C&$$($)!<.$!Q&,'&$!

KL!

^0H [&?'&$&14&$$($)*

6S1!4#&!Q&,'&$&1C&$$($)!3&14&$!4#&!?(<.1!&18.2&$&$!+0'&$!)&$('?'!(/!4#&!#$!R0-#'&%!

a;`!4&=#$#&1'&$!Q&,'&$!?(!&1C&$$&$;!

9/! F1#$?#-! )&8'! &,! 401(/! <#&1! <&1,78#&4&$&! Q&,'&$! =&,'?(,'&%%&$;! +#&! ?(! &1C&$$&$4&$!

Q&,'&$!,#$4!4#&!=.%)&$4&$X!

N 60(,'H!

N P0$4!/#'!)&,-1&#?'&$!6#$)&1$H!

N P0$4!/#'!?3&#!)&,'1&7C'&$!6#$)&1$H!

N P0$4!/#'!?(,0//&$)&%&)'&$!($4!0(,)&,'1&7C'&$!6#$)&1$!

",!3&14&$!41&#!]8010C'&1#,'#C&$!2&'1078'&'!(/!4#&!Q&,'&$!?(!($'&1,78&#4&$;!

E/! 4#&! jP0$4! /#'! 4&$! )&,-1&#?'&$! 6#$)&1$k! ?(! &1C&$$&$H! 3#14! 4#&! R./-0C'8&#'!

<&13&$4&';! +#&,&! "#)&$,780='! )#2'! 40,! M&18B%'$#,! ?3#,78&$! 6%B78&! ($4! E/=0$)! 4&1!

P0$4=.1/! 0$;! +#&,&! Q&,'&! 80'! &#$&! ,&81! )&1#$)&! R./-0C'8&#';! +#&,&! A0',078&!

($'&1,78&#4&'! 4#&! jP0$4! /#'! )&,-1&#?'&$! 6#$)&1$k! ,&81! 4&('%#78! <.$! 0%%&$! 0$4&1&$!

Q&,'&$;!

O&#! 4#<&1,&$! A&,',! (/! 4&$! Q1&$?3&1'! ?(! =#$4&$H! &1)02&$! ,#78! =.%)&$4&! @&1'&! =S1! 4#&!

R./-0C'8&#'X!

+ !(".%+ ;(#8+2&%+

4-.<1-&9%-#+

!&#4-1#+

;(#8+2&%+

9=-&+

4-.%1->$%-#+

!&#4-1#+

;(#8+2&%+

9".(22-#4-)-4%-#+

"#8+4-.%1->$%-#+

!&#4-1#+

?'2<($%@-&%+ L;af!e!L;`K! L;*f!e!L;K*! L;^f!e!L;a^! L;^f!N!L;_*!

S7C&%%&*+D*S&?';&1'&*=2AO74'/&#'*

D(,! 4&$! .2#)&$! @&1'&$! 2#&'&'! ,#78! &#$! .2&1&1! Q1&$?3&1'! <.$! L;Ka! =S1! 4#&! P0$4=.1/!

jP0$4!/#'!)&,-1&#?'&$!6#$)&1$k!0$;!+0,!2&4&('&'!40,,!0%%&!Q&,'&$H!/#'!&#$&/!@&1'!'#&=&1!

0%,!L;KaH!3&14&$!0%,!P0$4=.1/!jP0$4!/#'!)&,-1&#?'&$!6#$)&1$k!&1C0$$';!

D%,! $B78,'&,! 3#14! 4#&! "d?&$'1#?#'B'! <&1)%#78&$;! +#&,&! ]8010C'&1#,'#C! )#2'! 0$H! .2! &#$&!

6.1/! 0(=! 4&/! O#%4! &#$&! W#78'($)! 0$)&2&$! C0$$! .4&1! $#78';! +#&! 60(,'! 80'! &#$&! '#&=&!

"d?&$'1#?#'B'H!40!0(,!4&1!6.1/!4&1!j60(,'k!$#78'!&#$4&('#)!8&10(,)&%&,&$!3&14&$!C0$$H!

#$!3&%78&!W#78'($)!,#&!.1#&$'#&1'!#,';!+#&!$.78!S21#)&$!Q&,'&$!hP0$4!/#'!K!)&,'1&7C'&$!

6#$)&1$! ($4! P0$4! /#'! ?(,0//&$)&%&)'&$! ($4! 0(,)&,'1&7C'&$! 6#$)&1$i! 802&$! &#$&!

"d?&$'1#?#'B'H!3&%78&!)1G,,&1!#,'H!0%,!4#&!4&1!j60(,'k;!+0/#'!#,'!4#&!Q&,'&!j60(,'k!,&81!)('!

2&,'#//201;!

E/!,#78&1!?(!)&8&$H!40,,!&,!,#78!3#1C%#78!(/!4#&!j60(,'k!80$4&%'!3#14!?(1!R.$'1.%%&!=S1!

4#&,&!Q&,'&!$.78!4#&!R./-0C'8&#'!&#$)&=S)';!+&1!Q1($4!%#&)'!401#$H!40,,!4#&!Q&,'&!jP0$4!

/#'! ?3&#! )&,'1&7C'&$! 6#$)&1$k! g&! $078! W#78'($)H! #$! 3&%78&! 4#&! 6#$)&1! ?&#)&$H! 40,,! 4#&!

"d?&$'1#?#'B'! 4#&,&1! Q&,'&! 0(=! =0,'! 4#&! )%&#78&$! @&1'&! 02=0%%&$! C0$$H! 3#&! ,#&! =S1! 4#&!

j60(,'k! 78010C'&1#,'#,78! ,#$4;! E/! 4#&,&! 6B%%&! &2&$=0%%,! ?(! 2&80$4&%$H! 3#14! 4#&!

R./-0C'8&#'!C.$'1.%%#&1';!+&$$!4#&!j60(,'k!80'!&#$&!8G8&1&!R./-0C'8&#'!0%,!4#&!jP0$4!

/#'!?3&#!)&,'1&7C'&$!6#$)&1$k;!

K*!

E/! 4#&! Q1&$?&! =S1! 4#&! "d?&$'1#?#'B'! ?(1! "1C&$$($)! 4&1! P0$4=.1/! j60(,'k!

8&10(,?(=#$4&$H! 3(14&$! 4#<&1,&! A&,'%B(=&! 4(178)&=S81'! ($4! =.%)&$4&! W&,(%'0'&!

&180%'&$;!

+ !(".%+

;(#8+2&%+

9=-&+

4-.%1->$%-#+

!&#4-1#+

;(#8+2&%+

9".(22-#4-)-4%-#+

"#8+4-.%1->$%-#+

!&#4-1#+

AB9-#%1&9&%*%+ L;LK!e!L;Ll! L;*K!e!L;^a! L;Kf!N!L;a_!

S7C&%%&*8D*S&?';&1'&*"U5&$'1#5#'Y'*

O&#! 4&1! D(,3&1'($)! 4&1! W&,(%'0'&! &1)02! ,#78! &#$! .2&1&1! Q1&$?3&1'! <.$! L;*! =S1! 4#&!

"d?&$'1#?#'B'! ?(1! "1C&$$($)! 4&1! j60(,'k;! @#&! &13B8$'! '1&'&$! #$! ,&81! ,&%'&$&$! 6B%%&$!

F1.2%&/&!0(=!/#'!4&1!E$'&1,78&#4($)!<.$!4&$!P0$4=.1/&$!j60(,'k!($4!j?3&#!)&,'1&7C'&!

6#$)&1k;! D(,! 4#&,&/! Q1($4! 3#14! $.78! &#$! ($'&1&1! Q1&$?3&1'! <.$! L;aa! =S1! 4#&!

R./-0C'8&#'! =&,')&%&)';! +#&,&1! @&1'! 3#14! 0(,! A02&%%&! K! )&%&,&$;! +0,! 8&#,,'! $($H! 40,,!

&#$&! P0$4=.1/! /#'! &#$&1! /0d#/0%&$! "d?&$'1#?#'B'! <.$! L;*! ($4! &#$&1! /#$#/0%&$!

R./-0C'8&#'!<.$!L;aa!0%,!j60(,'k!#4&$'#=#?#&1'!3#14;!

E/!$($!4#&!jP0$4!/#'!?(,0//&$)&%&)'&$!($4!0(,)&,'1&7C'&$!6#$)&1$k!<.$!4&1!jP0$4!

/#'!?3&#!)&,'1&7C'&$!6#$)&1$k!?(!($'&1,78&#4&$H!3#14!40,!2&1&78$&'&!W&78'&7C!/#'!?(/!

D$?&#)&=&$,'&1!-010%%&%&$!>&#'&$!8&10$)&?.)&$;!+&1!D2,'0$4!?3#,78&$!4&/!:#''&%-($C'!

4&,! W&78'&7C,! ($4! 4&/! >783&1-($C'! 4&1! P0$4! &1%0(2'! &,H! 4#&,&! 2&#4&$! Q&,'&$! ?(!

($'&1,78&#4&$;!+#&!jP0$4!/#'!?(,0//&$)&%&)'&$!($4!0(,)&,'1&7C'&$!6#$)&1$k!80'!&#$&$!

C%&#$&1&$! D2,'0$4! ?3#,78&$! 4#&,&$! F($C'&$! 0%,! 4#&! jP0$4! /#'! ?3&#! )&,'1&7C'&$!

6#$)&1$k;!+#&,&!A0',078&!#,'!#$!4&1!=.%)&$4&$!A02&%%&!4&1!A&,'1&,(%'0'&!&1,#78'%#78;!

+

;(#8+2&%+

9=-&+

4-.%1->$%-#+

!&#4-1#+

;(#8+2&%+

9".(22-#4-)-4%-#+

"#8+4-.%1->$%-#+

!&#4-1#+

C&.%(#9+ *a;K!e!K*;*!! ^;L!e!*L;f!

S7C&%%&*LD*S&?';&1'&*W#?'7$5*>./;&1O($4'*5(*b&./'&.4A#''&%O($4'*

+&1! $($! 0$)&$.//&$&! Q1&$?3&1'! %#&)'! 2&#! *K;^;! +0,! 2&4&('&'H! 40,,! 0%%&! P0$4=.1/&$!

/#'! &#$&/! C%&#$&1&$! @&1'! 0%,! *K;^! =S1! 4#&,&! ]8010C'&1#,'#C! 4#&! P0$4=.1/! jP0$4! /#'!

?(,0//&$)&%&)'&$! ($4! )&,'1&7C'&$! 6#$)&1$k! 401,'&%%';! +&1! Q1&$?3&1'! 3(14&! ,.!

2&,'#//'H! 40,,! =S1! 4#&! P0$4=.1/! jP0$4! /#'! ?(,0//&$)&%&)'&$! ($4! )&,'1&7C'&$!

6#$)&1$k!&#$&!)&$S)&$4!)1.,,&!:01)&!&$','&8'H!40,,!6&8%4&('($)&$!<&1/#&4&$!3&14&$!

CG$$&$;!

+#&,&! A&,',! ?(1! Q&,'&$&1C&$$($)! 3&14&$! #$! )&$0(! 4&1! W&#8&$=.%)&! 4(178)&=S81'H! 3#&!

,#&! 8#&1! 2&,781#&2&$! 3(14&$;! 5(&1,'! 3#14! )&'&,'&'! .2! 4#&! P0$4=.1/! jP0$4! /#'!

)&,-1&#?'&$!6#$)&1$k!?('1#==';!D%,!?3&#'&,!3#14!)&'&,'&'!.2!4#&!P0$4=.1/!j60(,'k!/G)%#78!

#,';! 9$! &#$&/! 41#''&$! >781#''! 3#14! )&'&,'&'H! 3&%78&! 4&1! ?3&#! S21#)&$! P0$4=.1/&$! 0/!

&8&,'&$! ?('1#==';! ",! 3#14! 0$)&$.//&$! 40,,! 4#&! P0$4! 0(=! g&4&$! 60%%! &#$&! 4&1! <#&1!

P0$4=.1/&$! 0(,=S81';! +&1! Q1($4! =S1! 4#&,&! D$$08/&! #,'H! 40,,! ,.$,'! C&#$&! Q&,'&$!

($'&1,'S'?'!3&14&$;!60%%,!C&#$&!4&1!($'&1,'S'?'&$!P0$4=.1/&$!0(,)&=S81'!3#14H!3#14!4#&!

B8$%#78,'&!4&1!($'&1,'S'?'&$!P0$4=.1/&$!0%,!W&,(%'0'!?(1S7C)&)&2&$;!