EVOLUTION DES DISQUES D'ACCRETION PROTOPLANETAIRES
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(94) p ; a j eA[ x . j eL[ = pRe j . *. . . . ?- .- + ;+ * * - -0* *M- * * * , *+ * ,.- * * ), M-N, * * * , * ./ , * * + , + 9- * + * * -0,%+ * * , %* , , *+ * .* + ,%- *H+ - * * ', + * + + ,.- * * 9+ , + , ),.( G-0/ 5, , ,%+ ,%, + *9/ , , -0* * * , , * * + + )* -N/ -N, M-* * + * .- )-N, * + * >- * * * * - * H/ - ",. - * * -0, * - -0,%+ #*H- - * * - * .* * .* * ,%-0* * * / + , + * + * 9, %* , ),../. . R
(95) - *= N97
(96) +; F P+(
(97) ?P- D Q
(98) 7 V +(-= T+ -)$ Z :S >$7 -=P3 !.F 0 -= %& ! C- 5 ? -= $7 ( $
(99) $0-U6$ * P+(
(100) ?P-
(101) 5$ A -;O - ( !) -= $ ( # !U ; )F$ ;? - $ &A -(OI - $ * )- (-U E 2T Q C- )7A -= 5 S +;-= *+ -)$ F 0 0 )
(102) D-= C 5? - = (-U C J L +( 0
(103) + 0 $P (.7A 3 0$&
(104) +
(105) 7 . -=
(106) -U $7 C C-= C :RO /
(107) ! ;$ B L - V4WUXGXW Z . . .
(108) . . . . (4'657 M$F8#& GGQ&p Y@r^ 18 G `)$'E]13%#.(4'657 #q %u^ #&1G(D!4 k "( # h& MY %18'R%6 `(4#&1 @8 `(D!$#& 8)DXw5&!4( @G `E57E 2( M"' "(4'01G A(4#&1 )D( (D!$#&@3'6(4'657 8 G %I%6 E 2(kE )41G! >X3#.!% AX3#.!$#&EV "q (D!$ 018'3 )D (s % L!$#.X8Xw5&!4( @G T%#VMN57ETX 57)$#& o(D @81 (D 8)D 1G!*@8 )*MN57 o(D!W#&' o(D )+ "(+@G T%#\X3!4 )4)4'657 jn% # "( ' 2(D!45H@818'6( Xw571G! %#YX8!4 ET'_ "q !4 57') X3#.! { F8 # 8H1G!$# { 18 oS7 #. "h " U7J.Z & "(T1G(4'%I') @G "X 18') @8#& 8) @G \ G57E t y8!4 1 E5H@r q %6 )s )D ET' 2 #& 3#&%6S2(4'I021G ) @G :@8'I)40218 ) =zb#&/ 8) MN )sE5H@w q %6 ) 2)457 K HX8!4 )4)$'657 )D(!4 %' " @G KEK#& 8' "q !4 TX3F 857E G57%65&Q7'01G #<q %#VhH')4MN57)4'( #`)4(D!$18MN(41G!4 K5&y8(D 218 KXw571G!*%6 K@3')401G )D( 8)413'6(D LMN57EX3#.! " z#&1 5&y3)D "!4h.#.(4'657 8d
(109) ) / oMN :018'8)D5713%'6Q7 G R%_^ 'ETX 5&Z!$(4#& 8MN L@G A%#,@ " (D "!WET' 8#.(4'657 @G .@31]E57'I 8) 5&!W@G!4 @8 sQ&!W#& 8@G 1G! )g)4'E 18%#.(4'57 8) %5M"#&%6 ) = 57 o( E57 2(D! L01G V )D( MN57E t X8!$'I)R o(D!$ "(z0218 %0218 )L@8' G' q E )A)4 %657 %#T(D5&X 57%5&Q7'6 +@81<M$F84 #&EX 3/ ):Q&!$#& 8 @G )Ahd#&% 1G!$) )D57 2(A G5&(4#&ETET o(A#.(D(D 'I o(D ):%65&!$)401r^ 18 \M$F3#&EX`h& "!4(4'M"#&% # h& M]18 1 \ G "4 (R )D(LX8! )4 o(L(4#& 3@8') 01G %6 )z)4'E 18%#.(4'657 8):MN57ETE , M"6 #& 2(+#ih& M18 M$F8#&EX 5&!$(4FG5&!$#&@8'#&%b)4#& 8) 1 G "(,@G57 8 G 2(,%6 ) (4#&1 K@G A(D!$#& 8)DXw5&!4( @8 :E57E 2(M"'I " (4'0218 :%6 ) X3%18) #&'6y3% ) q { %_^ FG 1G!$ A#&MN(41G %%6 %#*MN57 GO3Q7 1G!$#dt (4'657 @81KMWF8#& EX\ r^f )D( X #&)MN57 2(D!$#&' 2(D :X #.!%6 )5&y3)D "!4h.#.(4'657 8) '313 K4 M$F3#&EX 'I 8'6(4'#&%H )D(X8! )D 2( #<q Q&!$#& 8@G MWFG %%6 \ @8#& 8) p %6 MN52 1G! @G 8)4 '% )D(+X8!$5&y3 #.y3%6 K01r^ 18 1 G "( G57 218% (D !$# h& "!W)D %6 K@3')401G T@r^ #&M"MN! "(4'657 "Xw 8@3#& o(+%I#V!45&(4#.(4'657 @8'CB "!4 o(4' %%6 K# (D 8 @8#& 8MN # q X8!W'6h'I% "Q7'6 "!*18 M$F3#&EX 5&!4(4FG5&!$#&@8 'I#&2% bMN V018'!4 8@ MN "(D(D `0218 )D(4:/'657 #&)4)D 4V' 8MN "!$(4#&' G j % #&13@G!$#<X8!45&y3 %6 ET o( #.(D(D 8@G!$ %_^ #.!$!$'6h " @G %_^ ' 2(D "! "!$57E\ "q (D!4 !$#&@8'65 9 Xw571G!># h&57'6!,18 8 ]E '%I%6 1G!4 +'I@ " @G %# (D 5&Xw57%65&Q7'6 T@81 MWF8#&EX x GO3) XwZ 571G!,MN57 8M"%1G!$ MN "(D(D @8')4M"13)4)4'657 Y)41G!*%6 )zX3!45&X8!$' " ( )*ET'I)D )z "h U&'I@GU 8MN X3#.!,%6 )z)4'E 18 %#.(4'657 3) = %65HM"#&%6 ) r[E 2(4'657 8 G57 8)>%6 )z)4'E 18%#.(4'57 8):@8 ;>
(110) # /A% "S *H+ ,.-N/ " * &s018'857 2(E57 2(D! ,0218 :%_^ ' 3)D(4#.y3'%'( A9 j Xw57)4)" q @8 >' 2(D!$' 3)N q 021G ET o(s18 T NBw "(s@8S 8#&ET5 %%6 ,X #.!4h' o(+#Tq #&EX %'6O8 "!|X318'I)+#q ET#&' 2(D 8'6!L18 `MWF8#&EX 'I 8'6(4'#&%w#&% #.(D57'6!4 X8! q )TMN "(D(D VX8!$ ET' "q !4 \Q " !$#.(4'657 @8 \M"#&%IM"18%) Z = %65M"#&1 -g%_^ #&E %'65&!W#.(4'657 @G ) E5iS& 3) @G ,M"#&%M"18%I)s# Xw "!$EK')%I#+! #&%'I)4#.(4'657 V@G ,)4'E 18%#.(4'57 8) Q7%5&y3#&%6 )R@G ,@8')$021G )sET#.Q7 "(4') ) " !$ET'Ct (4#.Q& U& U&P 1 ;>
(111) # /A%6 "S G.1 { (D 'I 8#&9M 8& "! ag#.X3#&%657' 4"5731 7 & x %%6. ?)- 57 o(|(D571G(|@r^ #.yw5&!$@ MN57 GO8!WE s%6 ) ! )418%6(4#.(4)g@G ) )4'E 18%#.(4'657 3) %65HM"#&%6 ) ag#.!b ET X3%6 %I#LO8Q71G!${ E57 o(D!$ %6 s 8'6h& #&1 @G >)4#.(41G!$#.(4'657 @G z%#*(418!4y318%6 3MN LXw571G!@G )s)4'E 18%#.(4'57 8) ! #&%') " )|X #.! (D 'I 8#&9M 8& "! ab#.X #&%657'Ct * . . . . .
(112) iJ. . + + * * , H* + * .- , 9+ , + + , * *H+ * * -0,%+ + * - , + * N- , + )- * * 5/ %+ * * ), + - * - , ), + *H+5*H+ * * * , + *+ , + * 9-N, * ,%+ ,%*/ + F, + * >* - - * R" (A#&% ./. *
(113) -.$ -= 9 -= Q? - C:9 ;$&$
(114) 5
(115)
(116) D- - 4 -= :9 -= E - ! V . -=
(117) 5? -
(118) 2 * Z -U E9 ;$ 5 -=P3- $ / $P- E9 ; 5 @:9 -= H 9 -= $7 -=E ) :9 - 1 - ( L
(119) ? - 4 * Q?P- :R O ( F : D & V4WUX;X(YZ. 4"571" 7 & "(RMN57ETE ,M"6 #& 2(R# h& Mz18 M$F8#&EXVET#.Q7 " (4'I021G ,)4#& 3) 4 1 K G "(" +;-= * *+ , -)$)* & "( %#`h.#&%6 1G! MN5&!4!4 )DXw57 8@8#& 2(D @8 5&y8(D 1G " +(-= * *(N + * & => X3%18)
(120) MN ) )$'E] 13%#.(4'657 8) Q7%65&y3#&% )A57 2(:Xw "!$EK')LXw571G!>%#TX8!$ ET' "q !4 57')>@G @ MN!$'6!4 @G )>E5@r q % )>@8 ]@8')$021G ):@ MN5718%#& 2( )D 18% E o(,@G X3 !$' 8M"'6Xw )AX3FoSH)4'01G )z@G y3#&)D )$#& 8),#n 5718(*@G X3#.!$#&EV "q (D!4 )]#&@ 2FG5HM 571 @r^ 18 G @G )4MN!W'6X8(4'657 X3F G57E G57%65&Q7'I021G @G %# (41G!4y318% 8MN MN57ETET @3#& 8) % YM"#&)\@G. )\E5H@w q %6 )\@G @8')$021G ) > H E X3 % 7 Z @r ^ 18x 8 K(D %%6 )D(D!$18MN(418!4 K )D(E57 2(D! V)41G! %# O3 Q71G!4 * g H(D!$#&'6(D \@G => z '%%'6 "!W)>*+ ,.-0/ " & %%6 !4 "X8! )D 2(D 13 G MN571GXw T@G T%#V-@G 8)$'6( T@8#& 8),18 @8'I)40218 018' "h&57%1G #&1G(D571G!z@r^ 18 (D!4571Y G57'6!z@8#& 8)A13 G ]E "(D!$'I021G !4 %#.(4'h')4(D <X 18(LS`h&57'6!z%#KEK#.(4' "q !4 . @81V@8'I)40218 :X3%57 GQ& #& o(R)418!L%# )4' GQ718%I#.!$'6( , MN o(D!$#&% *)D57 18)R%_^ #&MN(4'657 @G ,%# (41G!4y318% 8MN z9<;>= / @8')$021G , )4(Ayw5&!$@ + @G ] X3#.!4(L "(>@r^ #&1G(D!4 @G + )D57 X3%#& 0x 18#.(D5&!$'I#&% X3#.!>18 G , 2h& %65&X8Xw ]MN5&!$57 8 #&%6 5&!4(D E 2( ET#.Q7 "(4'I) " V "(+5 1 q %# @G 3)4'6( K )D( #&'6y3%6 GO3 ) 13 D "(])D E]y3%6 " (D!4 HX318%I) %6 %657 GQ @8 %_^ # H @G )DSHE " (D!$'6 <@81 )DSH)D(N q E <X #.!K%6 )X3#.!$(4Z '6 )T' 2(D "!$ G )T@31 @8')401G jn% #&18(K G5.t (D "!z021G E E @8 + G57 ,) D571G!$
(121) ) G(D571G(D )zMN )A)4'E 18%#.(4'57 8) = )D57 2(A H(D
(122) ! E E 2(zMN)5 1G (D 18 )D ): (D EX3)@G AM"#&%M"13%8 "( MN )4)$'6(D o(|%_^ 1G(4'I%')4#.(4'657 @8 AET#&M$F3' G ) X3#.!W #&%% q %6 )k (D! q )X318'I)4)4#& 2(D ) ' 8)42' . E E K)$' %%6 ),@G57 3 G o(,X3!45&y3#.y3%6 ET o(,18 G T#&)$)D 4Tyw57 8 G '@ " T@G T%u^ "h&57%I1G(4'657 @8 )*@8')401G ) %#X FoSH)4'01G *018'rS\ )D(:@ MN!W'6(D ]#&' 3)4' 01G +%#! )457%1G(4'657 < 218E " !W'0218 +1G(4'%'I) " *)D57 o(: 8MN5&!4 @G ) #&MN(D 1G!$)A%I'ET'6(4#& 2(4) > G K@ MN 8 3'6 K@G KM"#&%IM"18%)*#& 8#&%S2(4'01G ), "( @G K)4'IE]18%I#. (4'657 8), / 18E " !$'01G )* #`@8[57 8MTE5H@8'6O @G!$#&EK#.(4'0218 E o(* 85&(D!4 TXw "!$ MN "X8(4'657 @8 )*@8')401G ),@r^ #&M"MN! "(4'57 ^ ' 8)D(4#.y3'I%'6( T9 jz#.X3X3#.!$# 6( #&1 D571G!$@r^ F18'|MN57ET E <18 E M"#& 8')4ET 57 3@8#&E 2(4#&%|X 5718!TMN57EX8!4 8@8!4 V%6 1G!T@GSH 8#&ET '01G "( @G G57E]y8!4 13)D ) "(418@G )`)D57 2(V(D571 D571G!$)\ MN5718!$)\Xw571G !V # K G "!` G5&(D!$ MN57EX8! FG 8)$'657 9<#&')13 KX8!$5&y3% q E :'IEXw 5&!4(4#& o(s@G E 1G!$ A(D571G(D 57')sXw57) >@8#& 3) %6 zM"#&)s /X3#.!4(4'M"18%I'6 "! @G )s@8')401G ) @r^ #&M"MN! "(4'657 X3 !45&(D5&X3%#& "(4#&'6!$ ) w'%)L)457 o(>(D!" q ) !457'I@8)L "(>(D!" q )z@G 8)D ) (4#&1 @r^ '657 3')4#.(4'657 VS )D(kX #.! MN57 8) 01G o((D!" q ) #&'6y3% s "(%6 LMN571GX3%#.Q& A o(D!4 :%6 LM$F8#&ETX ET#.Q7 "(4'01G L "(s%6 ) X3#.!$(4'M"18%6 ) iJ .
(123) p ; a j eA[ x . j eL[ = pRe j . P. . . J , * * 9+ * * + F, + 9- * >-N, * - * *H- L= E *H+ * * + + , , *H+ 9/ + )-0* + *7* + * * H* + * * * * + * , , D+ F, + + + *H+ = A E + , + #+ *H+ 5*H+ *5* + 9- *H+ * * + + )-0* +- *5-0* * -0, * + * * .- *2+ %+ ,%-0* *H+ * - - * *"-0, * + , "(A#&% ./. + * * .- * * , * + * * .- * * -N, * *H+ ,%- - * = = A A + , + + - - * %/ * * + / */B)- * + * + * ,.- * H/ *. . ;? - +;-= 0 ( ! F . .
(124) $7 B ) :9 -U ( 2 ? - := -= ?P= -=*(
(125) ! -;O :9 ;$&$
(126) 5 )S .& =#
(127) #$& ' () P -=P3-
(128) .
(129) = -=8
(130) G37 M$
(131) ?P- I" V !,= ( Q Q ! ZLA V ! Q ! Z V ! = !
(132) KZ S Q?P- /$7 * -=P3- ' &?P- -;O$& -= 3 $& M$ 5 !A B &?P .& .6
(133) $7 B ) 4 $ L -UP3- ( @7
(134) + !
(135) N U+ V4WUXGXW Z. . . *. A* . * *. 4 18'I@G )k r^fS )D(s@G57 8MRX3#&)(D5&(4#&% X3#.!4(D571G( 1 57 )D5&!$(@G A%u^ #.X8X8!45 H'EK#.(4'657 K9<;:= '@ #&%6 =z#& 8)MN M"/ #& ) i@8 )rX3F G57EV q G )b@8')$)4'6X3#. (4' ) ' o(D "!$h'6 3 G o( 018'.[ Xw 1Gh& 2( #&'!4 k@8' )DX #.!$# 6(D!4 g%#|(4 1G!4y 18%6 8MN 18!|'IEXw5&!4(4#& 8MN > )D(RE )41G! " ,X3#.!R%6 z G57E]y8!4 ,@G "SH G57%@8)|ET#.Q7 "(4'I021G
(136) @ "O3 8' X3#.!R%# !4 %#.(4'57 .
(137) = G " .? & 5/ 1 q G )D(`%I# hH'6(D )4)4 @81)D57) %I# F8#&1G(D 1G!V@81@8'I)40218 < "( %# !4 )4')4(4'6h'( @81X %#&)4ET# 5&!W)40218 >%6 :(4#&1 @r^ '57 8')4#.(4'657
(138) R@8'IET' 1G #&1GQ7ET o(D , "(|@G57 8M
(139) @8 ' EK ' 218 1\@G )$ )D5718) @r^ 18 MN "!4(4#&' V)4 18'2% o%I#] (418!4y318%6 3MN :9 ;>= @8')DX #.!$# 6( g%6 EK' GQ *+ ,.-0/ " &57 2(LE 57 2(D! ,X3#.! @G )*)$'E]13%#.(4'657 8), 18E "!$'01G ), %65HM"#&%6 )*01G K%I#\(D!$#& 8)4'6(4'57 #`%'6 1 %65&!$)$021G
(140) 4 018r#&p 8@ %#(418!4y318%6 3MN +9 ;>= )D(z' 8'6(4' " ,X #.!:18 < M$F8#&EXYET#.Q7 "(4'01G h& " !4(4 'M"p #&%b# h& M 18 1 \ G "( )D 18'I%w )D( !$#& 8M$F3'r%65&!$)401G
(141) A " #&%6y 18) ;>
(142) # /A % "S & "(D(D *h.#&%6 1G!:MN!$'6(4'01G ,@G
Figure
+3
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