HAL Id: halshs-00337970
https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00337970
Submitted on 10 Nov 2010
HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- entific research documents, whether they are pub- lished or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.
L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.
Old regime and modernity in Egypt: Al-Jabarti and the ambiguous heritage of the French Revolution
Nora Lafi
To cite this version:
Nora Lafi. Old regime and modernity in Egypt: Al-Jabarti and the ambiguous heritage of the French
Revolution. Internation Conference on Global History, 2008, Dresde, Germany. �halshs-00337970�
:
;<29=>@?#A4B7
CEDGF/HJIKHLM-NPORQSUTWV;F/XM*Y-ZAT[Q\T^]B_
`acb0XM*d-V^efDgefhHYAd$ijefhkVmlF/DGnoDkepV;FqirDL$efhMiJiqV!i&i/M*DY0LfDGFrs-Mct-M*Ysun0V^efhkVvDGll-DAFwewx-YMyefz0DLlF/V!i/VYe,M*YAs(efhMwi
V!iqi/H;z{D-L[HYHXz#i/MPiWD|L}efhkVuM*nl-H~@eDL}efhV(]F/VY~hF/V;t#DGXyxepM*DYH;F,zMbV!HivDYKszAlAe^H!igi7VVYLwF/D|nefhV
KsGzlAefM*HYi/MbVA AQ\znuHM*Yi/DAx-F/~VMi}efhkVg~hAF7DGYM~XVWefh-V~HMcF/DAepVYkDkepH&-X*VgHXH;-HFefM|>F/D!epVgb!x-FpMYsefh-V
l-V;F/M*D-b3DLvefhV]BF/VY~hD|~~@x-l-H@epM*DGY\-V&ew0VVY|HYbj J}hMwiV;l|Mwi7D|bV{MPi0l-HFe0DL>H0MbV;F
lF/D&/V~@eDGL$>FMe,M*YAsEHmhMwiepDFzoDGL$KsGzlAeq
Xf&H;-H;Ffe,MRHYbhMwivt-MV@DGYefhkV]F/VY~h{D-~~@x-l-H&efM*DGYDGLJKsGzlAe[h-H;t-VED|LepV;Y#VVYH@eJefhVE~VY!efF/VEDGL
bV@GH@epV!i[DY9DF,M*VYepHX*Mwi/nM*YuQMbbXVPH!iepVF,Yifewx#bGM*Vi& A[b!oH;F/b-H;MbuhMn9iqVXLrxiqVbefhMiV;l-MPi7D|bV>H!i[H
d-V;zLpVH@ewx-F/VM*YhMwiM*YepV;F,lF/V@epH&efM*DGY DGL(efhVF7DD!e/i9DLefhkV\H!i,znEnuV&efFM~\HYkbUl-V;Ft#V;F¡i7VF/VXH@efM*DY$i/hMl
-V&ew0VVYgRx-FpDGl-VvH;YkbgefhV^QM*bbXVPH!ieq
iRMye¢l-V;FPepHMY$i¢efDuH[Lx$YkbGM*YsEHYb0~;Fx#~M*HX$noD|nEVYepZ|HYb0H!iRMye
M*YAt-D|Xct#V!i0t-HXcx#V,x#bAs-nEVYe/iEDGYefhkVF/V;XH@efM*DY$i/hM*l£#V@e0VV;Yew0D¤~;Mct-MXMwi7H@e,MDGYUipl|hkV;F/VAiE~H@x-s-h!e>M*YUH
lF/D-~V!iqi0DLgF/VbVLfM*Y|Me,M*D-YZmMye>MwiuLx#XX*zX*DGs-M~HX^efhkH@evefhMwi9i,l-V~M*L,M~6n0D-nuVYegGVefhkV{Dk/V~@e0DLLMV;F/~V
M*Y!epV;FplF/V@epH¡efM*DGY$i¥ YkbuHAiKHX¥H;-H;FepMw¦ir>F/Mye,M*Ys9Mwi[Hmx#YMw§!x#V(i/DAx-F/~VgM*Y9HX*X*DA0M*YsuefDuhkHt-M*YsHt-MV¨DY
hDA©H9X*D-~HX}YkDkepH&-X*VM*YepV;F,lF/V@epVbefhVRx-F,Dl-VH;Y{M*YAt#H!i/M*D-YZrhMPi~hF/DYM~XV9MPiHXwi7DH@eJefhkV9~V;YefF/V9DGL
nEHYAzbV;-H@epVi& RªhkVLMVXb`0Hn«s-DGM*YsepD\~;DYLwF/DY!emoMyefh\M*Y6efhMwi(l-H;l-VFMwi0M*Y\YDoHz¬Y-V@xefF7H;X[MY
QM*bbXVPH!iepV;FpYifewx#bAM*VAi& Q£HYAz®bV#H&epV!i¯HXcF/VHbAz°D|~~&x-F,F/Vb«i,M*Y-~VefhV¦Pi¯HYkb«VH~h©YV;
~DY!efF,McxefM*DGYl-H;FepM*~M*l-H@epV!ivM*Y9F/M*Ys|M*Ys{Lx-FefhkV;FvM*Y!epV;F,lF7V@epH¥efMDGY-ivDYefhkVuM*nl-H~@e DL}}x-FpDl-Vo>MyefhefhkV
QM*bbXVPH!ieq T[xe¢Dkx-FRHMn¨h-V;F/VvMPirePDF/V;LfXV~@e±DY(s|XDG#HX|hMwiepDFz# YbgefhVvl-V;F¡ipl-V~@epMct-Vv`j0DAx$XbXM*d-V
efDuM*XXxifefF/H@epV~DY|i/Mwie/iKMY0xi/M*YsHgn0D|nEVY!eªDGLR~DYLwF/DYAepH¥efMDGYEHYb9M*Y!epV;F/H~@e,MDGY0-V@ewoVVY(ew0Di,z-iepVn9i
M*YDF/bV;F[YkD!eKDGYXcz9epD~H¡ep~;huefhkVipl-V~M*L,M~Ai bAzY-HnuM~!iWDGLKMYepV;F/H~&efM*DGYkZAxeHXi/DePDepHd-VolFpDLMyeDLªefh-V
M*Y!epV;F7H~@epM*DGYefDnoH;d-VvVH~hui,z$ifepVn1n0DF/VvV@²kl|XM~Myeq `R~DAYk~VMt#VvhVF/Vms|XDG-HX$hMwiepDAFfz0HAiRHvn0V@efhkD|bZ-H;Yb
M*YYD³0H;z´H!iHY´VYAt-VX*Dl|M*YslF/D-~V!iqi{MY(hM~hsF/VH&epV;FuefFxAefh>Dkx-Xb~D|n0VUDAxAeDGLux-Yxjifx#H!X
~Dn(l-H;F/Mwi/DY$i& 9µhH@eR`Hn¶M*Y!epV;F/ViepVb9M*YMwiJepDux-YbV;F¡ifepH;Ybu-V&ewepV;FªefhkV(DX*bF7V;s|M*nEV0DkeefDn0HYi/D-~M*V@efz
M*YgKsGzklAerH¡e$efhkVmn0D|n0VY!e±DLjMye/iª~DGYLwF/DY!epH@efM*DYgePDuH;Y0V&²AepV;F,YkHX-H;ssF/VAi¡i/M*D-Y$
TWV~H@xiqV0HAi LfDGF[s-X*DkGHXrh|MwiepDFzkZBefhkVo]F7V;Y-~hD|~~&x-l-H@ewM*D-YD|LªKszlAeKhHAi DGLepVY9-VVYF/VHbLwF/D|new0D
nEHMY{l-V;F&ipl-V~@epMtGV!i·efhkV9~VY!ewx-F,z{X*D|YsMnl-VFMHXRFMct#HX*F,z6GV@ewoVV;Y6]BF/H;Y-~V9HYb¬¸F7VH@e[T FMepHM*YkZ}HYb
efhV9~DGYLwF/DY!epH&efM*DGY#V@ewoVV;YefhVµ VAieWH;YbefhVH!ieWM*YH9Lwx$YkbGM*YsnoD|nEVYevLfDF~D|X*DYMHXJhMwiepDFzkZ
efhVi/VF7V!i,l-V~&e,Mct-VE~H@epV;s-DF,M*VivhH;t-M*Ysi/D-n0V@epMnEV!i -VVY9efhVuDA/V~&e DGLKF/VMLfM~H@e,MDGY-i^0hkDBi7VF/DD!e/iWH&F/V
efD\-V6LfDAx#Yb3M*Y!epDUn0Mwi/M*Y!epV;F,lF7V@epH@efM*DY|iED|L0hH@e>hHl|l-V;YkVbUH@eefhVewx-F,YDLgefhkV¹`,¹vefh~VYewx-Fz¤MY
hMwiepDFzx$YkV²kl|XDGF/Vb·AHoi7~HXVgn0DF/VmF/VXH@epVbgefDgefhVvM*Y!epV;F7H~@efM*DY0D|L$ewoDi,z-iepVn9iRH@e±HmlF/V~Mwi/Vvn0D|nEVY!e
M*YEHmlF/V~MiqVml-X*H~VA
YbUM*Y-bV!Vb£efhMwi~;Fx#~MHXgn0D-nuVYe(-DAefhUM*Y£efhkV£hMwi,ePDGFz¤DL(efhV6]F7VYk~hWVtGD|XyxepM*DYUHYbUM*Y3efh-V
hMwiepDFzoD|L$efhV^QMbbGXVw[H!ife±~H;YEHXPi7DoGVvHY-HX*z$i/VbM*Y9Hml-V;Fqi,l-V~@epMct-Vml-V;FfepHM*YM*Ys(epDsX*DA-HX$hMwifepDGFzoMY
nEHYAzEDkefhkV;FjoHz#i& ¸gX*DGGHX$hMwiepDFzEMPiªHgnEV@efhD-b0H;YbuYkDkex¢ie±Hgi/~HXVDGLl#V;F¡ipl-V~@epMtGVA ªh-VvDAqV~@e±DGL
efhMiKl-H;l$VF^MwiRefh!xi[YDAeKH;s-H;M*YHYkDkefhkV;F[H;Y-HXcz$iqMwi[D|LjefhkVX*HF,s-Viq~HXViepHd-V!iJl-V;FfepHM*YM*YsuepD~;hH;Ys-VAi[MY
efhVms-VDGl-DX*Mye,M~!HX#DGF7bV;F}M*YgefhkVWQ¤VbGMyepVF,F/H;YkVHYuNpVtGVYMLrMyerMwiKYDAe$efD(-VV²G~Xx#bVb>efh-H&er~DGYk~Xxji/M*D-Y|iKH@e
HvnM~;F7D|sXDkGHXi/~HXVvhH;t-VvHY0V~hkDuH@e-efhMiJi7~HXV;_7ZkxeF/H¡efhV;FRHmF/VHbAM*YAsEDGL$efhkVM*Y!epVF/H~@efM*DY(-V@ewoVVY
efhV]F7VYk~h\F/V;t-D|XyxepM*DYH;F,z¤MbVHHYbHYDAefhV;F9i7D|~M*HXDF/bV;Fq JrhVd-V;zULpVH@ewx-F/V{M*YefhMPiEF/VHbGM*YAsMwi
bVX*M#VF/H@epVXczuYkDkebADnM*Y-H@epVb>z~@x$Xewx-F/HXMwifet-MV;Ei/ZAAx-ez>l-H;F/HbGMcs-n9irF/VXH@epVbgefDgefhkVvH;YHXz#i/MwiRD|L$efhV
-HAi/M~9LPx#Y~@epM*DYM*YAslF/M*Y~M*l-XVAiD-LmHi/D-~M*V@efz# oV;F/V·¢DGXbF/V;s-MnEV9HYb¬H9~V;FepHM*Y{MbVH9D|Lmn0D-bV;F/YMyefzkZ
-VH;F/MYsHu~V;FfepH;M*YHn0DAx$Ye DL^Lx#YbM*Ys{Hn(-MsAx#MyepMVki¥ ªhkVuHM*n Mwi[epDsDGH~;dePD6~&x-Xyewx-F/HXrVXVnuVYe/i
DYXzHLepVFefhMwiRVLLfDFe¢DL¢H@t-D-M*bGM*Ys(efhVMcFRM*n0l|XM~Mye±bDn0MY-HYk~VA
Q\z»~hD|M*~VMwigePD6efFz»H;YbF/VHb60hH&ehH;ll-VYVb£M*Y\JszlAev-V@ewoVV;Y¯|¬H;Yb³juefhF/Dkx-sh»H;Y
H;YkHX*z$iqMwiJDLefhkVg~hF/DGYM~XVm(F/MyewepVYoz>efh-VgX*D-~HX$YDAepH@XV -buHXWHhnYEHX*,&H;GH;Fe , Ybh-VF/VgHF/V
i/DnEVDLgefhVnEHM*Y§!x#V!ife,M*DY$iE`&¦bUXMd-VepD£ewFfz¤HYkbUF/HMi/VZvM*YDF/bV;F(efDbAMi7~@xjiqiefhkV6F/D-D!e/iEDLgefhV
F/VX*H@epM*DY|i/hM*l#V@ewoVV;Y{H(}x-F/Dl-VH;Y¬iewzXV9D|LKF/V;t-D|XyxefMDYH;F,zF/Vs|MnuVuM*YephV9H~@efM*DY{D|L[V;²l-DFefM*YAs{Myeqi
lF/M*Y~M*l|XV!iRHYkbHY0DkeefDn0HY0DX*b(F/V;s-MnEV·
µhkH@e d|M*Yb{DL ~DGYepV!iepH&efM*DGYDGLJefhV9D-X*bF/V;s-MnEV9DF/bV;FbDefhkV]F/VY~h{Mn0l-D$i/V9M*YJszlAe`/Y0hkH@e
V@²epV;Y!e±MPiRMye¢F/VXH@epVbgePDo>hH@e¢hHb-VVY0Mn0l-XVnEVY!epVb0M*Yo]BF/HY~VgM*Y(efhVmlF7Vt-MDkxiRz-VH;FqiJHYkbn0D|Yefh|i
`,YDAefhV;FJoDGF7b|i/ZhkDk MPiJefhkV0V²kl-DGFfepVbnoD|bV;FpYMyezbMifefDFPepVb~DGn>l$H;F7VbepDuefhV(F/V&t-D|XyxepM*DYH;F,zMbVH!X
NhM*n9iqVXL9HX*F/VHbkz´bMPifepDGFwepVb3zUzkVH;F¡iDLuF/V@tGD|XyxefM*D-YH;F,zF/Vs|MnuVHYb¯DGY¯Mye/i90H;zU#V@ewoVV;Y¯H
&H~Dk-M*Y{bM~@epH@ewxkF/VuH;YkbH-DYHl-H;FefMwie bM*~@epH&ewxF/V;_¥ |µUh-V;F7Vu~H;Y9EVEHXF/VHbkzb-V@epV~&e Hu~@x-Xewx-F/HXMwife H;Yb
~DX*DYMHXMPife0M*Y!epV;FplF/V@epH¡efM*DGY\z\]F/VYk~hD-~~@x-l-MV;F¡iED|L>F/V@t-D-XyxefM*DY-H;F,z\lF/M*Y-~M*l-XV!i0DA MiEV;²AepV;F,YkHX
lF/V!iqix-F/VM*Yb!x#~M*YsHUF/VH~@efM*DY1D|LefhkVD!eefDn0HY1DXbF/V;sM*nEV³iefFx#~&ewx-F/V!i0DA MiefhkV Lx#YbMYs
bMiepDFPefMDGY¬D|Lvn0D-bV;F/YMyefz»H!i0V;²l-DFepVbz¬LfDGF/~VzF/V@tGD|XyxefM*DY-H;F,z{]F/VY-~;h\H9d#Vz»VXVnuVYeMY{efhV
x-YbVF¡iepH;YkbGM*YsEDLBefhkVvV;t-D|XyxefMDGY0DL$efhVvX*D-~HXAJszlAefMHY0HYb0Mn0l-V;F/MHX-DkeefDn0HY0DX*b(F/V;s-MnEV
KsGzlAeR0H!i YDAerefhV0L,McF&ieLfDGF/VMcs|YXHYkbefDGVuD-~~@x-l-M*Vbz9ephV(]F/VY~hF/V;t-D|XxefM*DGY-HF7zHFn0MVAi& #ªh-V
n0D$ie¢0VX*X|d-YDA>YuV;²GHn0l-XVZ$LfDGFr(hM~h(efhkVgM*nl-H~@eRDAL±HgLfDGF7~VbuV&²l-DFepH¥efMDGYEDLrHbn0MY-MwiefF/H&efM*DGYEHYb
i/D-~M*HXjF/V;tGD|XyxefM*DY-H;F,zn0D-b|V;FpYMyezHYkbXD|~HXrLfDF/ni D-L[DGXbF/Vs|MnuVuhkH!iWHXF/VHbkz-VVY{iewx#bM*VbZjMwi D|L
~DAx-F¡i/V`wepH;Xcz [µDF,d$iuz YYH6QHFMHHD³H;Ykb Q£H;F/M*HrMHoDGYkH@epD M*XXcxifefF/H@epVb£efhMiuefF/V;Ykb$ mSgL
~DAx-F¡i/VZms-V;YV;F7HX*X*z-Zm`epH;XczMwiiqVVY¤HAi9Vi&i/VY!epM*HXX*z3epD!ePHX*X*zbMLfL,VF/VY!eELwF/Dn JszlAe¥·^H¬~Dkx-YefFz\0Myeph
XM*YsAx#MwiepM*~AivDLJF/V@tGD|XyxepM*DYHYb9efhVMcFvHYefM*~F/D-D!e/i n0Hb-Vi/VY$i/VA |T[xe H;YAzoH;z-Z}iewx#bM*V!iWDY`epHXzhH;t-V
hVX*l-Vb6efhkVhMwifepDGF,MHY{epH;d-VhMwi0bMwiepH;Yk~V!i0LwF/D|n epDD\i/M*nl-XMwife,M*~M*Y!epVF,lF/V@epH@efMDGY-i0DLmefhVlF/D-~V!iqi0D|L
V@²kl-DGFefM*YsF/V@tGD|XyxepM*DGYMYHYD|X*bF/V;s-MnEVuLfDF/VMcs-Y~DAx-Y!efF,z# $`wepHXczh-H!iWHXwi7D»i/hkDk>YhkDkDX*bF/V;s-M*n9V
hHbnEHYAzEbGMLLpV;F/VYerX*D-~HX|LfDF/n9i/Z-VH~h0DYVmF/VH~@e,M*Ys9bMLfLpV;F/VY!epXcz$ IKV@exijefhV;Y>d-V!VloefhkV!i/VmF7V!ix#XyeqiRDGL
hMwiepDF,M*~HXF/V!i7VH;F/~h9M*Y9nuM*Y-b0hkVY9HYHXz#i/M*YsuefhV(M*nul-H~@eªDGLjefhkV]F/VY-~hD|~~@x-l-H@efM*DY9DLjJszlAeKH;Yb
DYMye/ii/D-~MHXRHYkbs-DAt-VF,YnEVYeviefFfx#~@ewxF/VZ(hM*~h`v~HX*X}LwF/D-n D|X*bF/V;s-MnEVuY-H@ewx-F/VZjYkD!eJzHYHX*Ds|z
AxeM*Y1HYVLLfDFe9ePDH@tGDGMb´epDlD$i/VU~&x$Xyewx-F7H;X*MPifel-HF/HbMcs|n9iDGY³efhkV£epH@-XV3#VLfDF/V3h-H;t-M*YAs¨DYXz
~DX*XV~@epVbuefhVM*YsF/VbMVYe/i DGLrefhV0bMPi/h# }x#Xyewx-F/HX*MPife[M*YAepV;F,lF/V¥epH&efM*DGY-i ~HYDGYX*z~D|n0V0M*Yn0zDGl-M*YM*D|Y
M*Y9H(i/V~DGYkbn0DGtGVnuVYepZ|M*L/ ¸gVYkV;F/HXX*z-ZAJszlAe±MiJYkDkeM*Y-~Xcx#bVbuM*Y!epDEbGMi&i7V;FepH@efMDGY-iJH;GDkxeefhkVM*n0l-H~@e
DLF/V@tGD|XyxepM*DGYkH;F,zlF/M*Y~M*l-XVAi{0MyephDX*bF7V;s|MnEV³LfDGF{ew>DF/VH!i7DGY-i& 0rhV³LfM*F¡ie¬Mi{efhH@e¬MyeMPi»YDAe
H~;dYkDkoXVbAs-VbefhH@erefhkV;F/VoHAi[HY9D-X*bF7V;s|M*nEVLfDF/n¶DGLJi7D|~MHXjDF,s-H;YMwi7H@e,MDGY# |RhVui/V~DGYkbMwiJefhH&eJMye
i/VVn9iWDkt-MDkxi[efhH@eRefhVuM*n0l-H~@e^DGLJF7V@t-D|Xxe,M*DYHF7zl#V;F¡ipl-V~@efMct#V!ivMwi[0MyephH(efD!epH;X*X*z{HXMVY{i/D-~MV@ezkZrH
LpVH@ewx-F/VuefhH@eM*n0l-D$i/V!iepDF/V;LfXV~@e>DGYXczM*Y6epVFnEi0D|L>~DX*DGYMHX VY~DAx-Y!epV;FoDAFg-V@eepV;FpZ^~DYLwF/DGYepH@efM*DY$
YbuD-Lr~DAx-F¡i/VmefhMiKbMnEVY$i/M*D|YuMwiK~;Fx#~MHXp·k`roDkx-X*b¦YAe±XM*d-VmepDix-ss-V!iferM*YEHYAzAoHz0efhkH@er`r-VX*MVt#VMY
]F/VYk~h ~XHM*n9iD|LuX*Mc#V;FqH@efM*YAs¯H3i7D|~M*V@efz DGllF/Vi¡i/Vb z D|X*bUF/V;s-M*nuV\M*Y¯V²kl-DGFwefM*YAsF/V@tGD|XyxepM*DYH;F/z
lF/M*Y~M*l|XV!i¥ GKsGzklAe[MiWD|LJ~Dkx-F¡i7V^,xie i/VM*¼VbZjHivH(l-MtBD!epH;X¢DAeefDn0HYlF/Dkt-M*Y-~VZjMYepDHuiefF/H&epV;sM*~ooH;F
>hD$i/VubV;tGVXDGl-nEVYe MPiWHY{VH;F/X*z{V;²-Hn0l-XV9DL ~D|X*DYMHXRD|~~&x-l-H@e,MDGYM*YefhkVQMbbGXVPH!ifeq YkbefhV
DYXzEMbVHDGL±V;²l-DFPefM*YAs0F/V;tGD|XyxepM*DGY0MyephDAxe¢D!efhV;Frs-DHXwijoH!iKbGMwi7§!x#HXML,MVbui/M*Y-~VvH@erXVHAieefhVm`epHXMHY
V@²kl-VbGMe,M*D-Y$
T[xeEMyeEF/Vn0HMY$iEefhH@e0efhMwiD-~~@x-l-H@efM*DYUF/V;tGVHXPi9efhkV3~DYLwF/DY!epH¡efM*DYD|L(ew0Di/D-~;M*HX>DGF,s-HYMPi7H@epM*DGYkH!X
lF/M*Y~M*l|XV!i¥ m`eEF/V@tGVHXPi9efhkV3Hn($M*sAx#Myefz¯D|LRx-F/Dl-VH;Y¯n0D|bVF,YMyefzZ>HYkb³Mye9F7V@t-VHXwi9efhVHbH;lAepH@efMct#V
~H;l-H~MezDL}efhV0Mn0l-V;F/MHXrDAeefDn0HYD|X*b9F/V;s-M*nEVuLwF/Hn9V@oDGFpd$ |`J0M*X*XrLfD-~@xji DYuefhVAi7Vol-D-MYe/i/Z$AxeK`&¦b
XM*d-V^ePDoF7V~HX*XAefhH@e¢`rYV&t-V;FRLfDGFps-V@e|efhkVv~DY!epV@²eq
LpV@oDGF7b|iRH@-DAxe$efhMiK~DY!epV&²Ae¥·AM*Y0HnoDGt-VmefD(0VHd-V;YgefhVmKYAs-XMwi/hE~D|X*DYMHX-F/DAxAepV!i7Z|HLepV;FrhkH;t-MYs
F/V;YkDkx-Yk~Vb epD Mye/iM*YAtGHki/MD|Y lF/D&/V~&e/iDY KYAs-X*HYb-ZefhV]BF/V;Y-~h F/V&t-D|XyxepM*DYH;F,zH;F/nz©XVb -z
TWDGYkH;l-H;FepVmoH!i[i/VY!e¢efDKsAzAlAe¢z0efh-VF/Vs|M*nEV(D|LefhV 0MF/V~@epDFz#
XV;²#HYbAF/M*Hv0H!i i/VM*¼VbuDY(efhV9
DL^/x$X*z|HYb[HMF/DX*H@epV;FmefhMi(ix#nunEV;F& ¢rhV9Mb-VH9DL Hn KszlAepM*HY{V;²l-VbMyepM*D|YoH!iHX*F/VHbAz
lF/V!i7V;Y!eRM*YEDX*bF/Vs|M*nEV]F/HYk~VZG0MefhuLfDFJV@²GHnl-XVgH(i,x-ss-V!ifefM*DGY0z0IKVMc-Y-M*¼epD(IKDkx-MirefhkV¹` vefhuDAF
z(VYewx-F/V3bV ±H;F/HbMiMYefhV|jai& [T^xeMe/iM*n0l|XVnEVYepH@efM*DYF/V!i,l-DYb$i9epD efhkV3~DY!epV&²AeDGL
F/V@tGD|XyxefM*DY-H;F,z0H;Fqi&
YbHL,V@ oDF/b|iYDA®H@-DAxAe[efhVLM*sAx-F/VDGLWHX*,&H;#H;FefM*Zr(hkDBi7V~hAF7DGYM*~XV9`xi7VepDlF,Dn0DAepVn0z
s-X*DkGHXjF/VHbGM*YsDGLrefhV0MYepV;F/H~&e,M*DYDLJbMwiepDFPepVbuRxFpDAl-VH;Yn0D|bVFY9lF/M*Y-~Mcl-XVAi HYbHYVYbHYAs#V;F/Vb
DLhMwijepM*nEVA oVvHXi/D((FpD!epVvHmsAF7VH@ehMifepDGFfz0DL$JszlAeq
YbuhVF/VvH;F/V^efhkVgL,V&l-D|M*Y!e/iªDGYgohM~h0`&¦buX*Md#V^epDF7V@L,XV~&epZkGH!iqVbgx-l-DGY0YkDkepV!i¢z9HX*,¥HGH;FepM-b!x-F/MYs
efhVJefM*nuVvD-LBefhkV^]F/V;Yk~h0D|~~@x-l-H@efM*DY$
]¢McF&iepZsDAt-V;F,YnEVY!eKlF,M*Y~M*l-XVi& |µhkH@eJMwiJefhkV;F/VgewFx-Xcz#V;hM*Y-befhkV0~XHM*n z9TWDGYkH;l-H;FepV0DL}Lx#YbM*YsH
F/V;lAx-XM~HYF/V;s-M*nuV oV;F/VefhkV;F/V9MwiHX*M*YsAx#MPife,M~9§!xV!ifefM*DY$ $]¢DGFm]BF/V;Y-~hlF/V!i7VY!eJefhkVMFvF/V;lAx-XM~9HAi
~DX*XVs-V\D|L(efhV\VXbV;FN,nuH~hM*d-hH;_DFvx#n0hAx-F/ZgHY¯H;F/H&-M~6oDF/bbV!i/Mcs-YMYsUefhkV3~;F7Dkob3xi/Vb3z
D!eePDGnoHY-ijepDu§!x#HXM*LzV@x-F7DGl-VHY(F/V;lAx-XM~Ai¥ ArhV!i7V^0DF/b|iRHF/VmYDAe±H;Y~;hkDGF7VbM*Y!epDgefhkVvH;F/H@-M~^efF/HbAMe,M*DY
DL^l-DX*MyepM~HXRl-hMX*D$i/DlhAz ¢ªhMwi>bD-V!ivYDAe n0VHYefhkH@e MYefhMwivl-hMX*D$i/DlhAzefhkVMbVH9D|L Hul-DlAx$XH;FDGF
l-X*V;-VMHY¬F/V;s-MnEVoHAi0YDAeXM*YsAx#MwiepM*~XzUipl$VH;d|M*Ys~DY~VMct#H;-XVA R}hMwi(l-D|M*Ye(Mi0Mn0l-DGFwepH;Y!eq
Ykb£Mye
F/V@tGVHXwi0n0DGF7VefhVHn(#MsAx#MyefzDLmefhVYH&ewx-F/VDLmefhVLwF/VY-~hF/V;lAx-XM~N,HF/Vs|MnuVDGY{efhVt-V;Fps-VDGL
~DX*XHli/M*YAs0x$YkbV;Fr-DY-H;l-H;FefMwieª~V!i7H;F/Mi/nHYbEHXF/VHbAzHvd|M*YkbuDLr~VnEVY!epVbE~DGY-i/V;Fft-H@epMieªH;F,MwiepD-~;F/H¡efM*~
V@ewzkn0D|X*Ds|M~HXXz(efhkVms-DktGV;F/YnuVYerDL¢HLpV@oifefF,DYAsh-DX*bA_jefhkHYefhVvMY-H;-MXMyefzED|L$efhVvMwi/XHnEM~g~DY!epV&²Ae
efD0bVHXA0MefhgefhVmF/VlAx-XM~HY0M*b|VHA
rhV~D|n(l-D$i/MyepM*DYDLefhV~DAx-Y-~M*X9N,bMcEHYA_{lF/Dn0DkepVb´zefhkV ]F/VYk~h¨~DYLM*F/n9i6efhMwi¥ g`e{Mi\H
~DY!efM*Y!x#H&e,M*DY9D-LjefhV(SmewefDn0HY9~DAx-Y-~M*Xx#YbV;F[nEHnuVXºDkx-dbDGn0M*Y-H@epM*DGY# AT^xeKHi}efhV(nEMXMepH;F,z~H!ifeKDGL
efhV0n0HnEVXDkx-d{MwiJEVH;d-VYkVbHYbHAi DkeefDn0HYD|LLfM~MwHXwi H;F/V0HXn0Dife[HX*XrM*YV;²-MXVZ|C9H;l-DXVDY~HXXrMY
F/VX*M*s|M*DAxi9YkDkepH@-XV!i/Z^efhkVx#XVnEHAi& [rhVLwF/VYk~h¤bD M*YUYkD30H;zlF/D|noDkepV¬H6lX*V;-VMHY3F7V;s|MnEV0Myeph
l-DlAx-X*H;FF/V;lF7V!iqVY!epH¡efM*DGY# WV;lF/V!i7VY!epH@efMct-Myefz MPiefhkDkx-sh«F7VXM*s|M*DAxi¨HYb YDA-XV YkDkepH&-MXMyefz$ »ªh-V
F/V;lAx-XM~HYMbVHuefh-H@evMwi>~DYAt-VMbVb£Mwi>DYefhMwi#H!i/Mwi rªhkVY-V&©F/V;s-MnEVlF7V!i/VY!e/i>HXwi/D\Mye/i/VX*L>H!i0H
bV;F/Mct-H@epM*DY\D|LmefhkV{DGX*bDYVA LpVH@ewx-F/V9efhH@e>bD-V!i(Y-D!eM*n0l-VVbefhVlF/D|n0DAefM*DY\D|LmefFx-Xcz¤bM*L,L,VF/VY!e
lF/M*Y~M*l|XV!i7Z|LfDGFRV&²-Hn(l-XVvLfDFrLMwiq~HXl-D|X*M~MVAi¥
T[xevn0D$ieDGLWHXXZJMY»Dkx-Fl-V;F¡ipl-V~@epMct-VD|Lms-X*DGGHX[hMwie7DFzkZª0hH&evd-MYkbD|LWV~hkD\Hifx#~h\Hn(-MsAx#DAxi
~X*HMn9i0D-LgLwx$YkbGM*YsHYV&«F/Vs|M*nEV{~HY\hH;t-VM*Y!epDewhkVLwFqH;s-M*XV6X*D-~HX^GHXHY~VD|Lmx-F#HY\LfH~@efM*DY$i
TWV~H@xiqVuefhVu]F/VYk~h{F/V;tGD|XyxepM*DGYkH;F,z¬F,hV@epDF,M*~bDY¦eWL,HXX[M*Y!epD\HbV!i7V;FevXHYkbM*Y6epV;F,n9i>DLml-D|X*MyepM~HX
~@x#Xyewx-F/VA C0D!eBDGYXczEnEHYAzEYkDkepH@-XV!iRhHb(F/VHbH~~DAx-Y!e/iRDL$efhV^]F/VY~h(F/V;t-D-XyxefM*DY0HYb0DGL¢Mye/ijefFpDkx-XVb
HLepV;F,nEH@efh-iwZªAxeH;Xwi/D\M*YefhkVF7V~VY!eWhMPifepDAFz¬D|LWSWewePDAnEHYKsGzklAepZ±efhkVifefFx-ssX*VGV@ewoVV;Y{l-DGlAx#X*Mwie
LpH~@epM*DGY-i/ZJYDA-XV!i&i/VZJH;FefMiqHY-i(HYkb6F/V;lF7V!iqVY!epH@efMyt#Vi(D-LmefhVM*n0l-V;F/MHXKl-DkoV;FhHb6GVVY~DGY$ifepH;Y!eq j`pY
[HMcF/D-ZgM*Y³HbbGMyepM*D|YUePD efhAMwi9efF/HbAMe,M*DYHX0D!eefDn0HYl-HYkDGF7HnoHZefhVF/V»oH!i9efhVMn>l-DGFepHY~VDGL0efhV
nuMXMyepHF7z¤~H!ieoDGLvefhV{nEHnEVXcx-di¥ }µhH&e(`E~HX*XvSmewefDAnEHY\F/V;s-MnEV6Mwi0efhV{~DY$iepH;YefXczF/VY-V;s-DkefMH@epVb
! "# $%&(')*,+-. /, 0132 4516798: ;-=< -?>A@?2CB(;-2=DFEHG0I(JLKMONQP#RM
STU$V POW,XYM
V
XJ)MOK[Z
UV
I3XW6WX\]K^IHPORYM
S
K3G&_:`=X
S
RW
V
X^&aMOKY^b=K
V
P(IHI=W
ScT IOd[Ze_=N
VWV X^fN
Tg
JhZ5WI=i0j$KM
V6Ukml3n
I`NI=WEeo<C2 p-+*ELoq<r<(E
st-tu E5vw
t
"x0 3$04zy={Y2 |#-. L7op$2-,1}>~]2c<[<Dzp-p$2c<&>%&2+FD&>4z;$<#xDE
V
KW,K Y\\K S K3K
SU K\
S
K3K
S
aMOKY^P
V
hhLKE$2=6E%+m{-212c<Cm{{-2cEY2-.2#p$)e2*e,0C2Op$,{{$2E E x
efhV9VYkb6D-LefhkV¹ `,`,`efh{~VYewx-FzkZ±efhkVH;#i/D|XyxepVuF7VLfVF/VY~Vu0HigF7DGnEHY{hMPifepDGFfzZjefhVH~@epDAFqiDGLJefh-V
]F/VYk~h0F/V&t-D|XyxepM*DYEbVLfM*Y|M*Ys0efhVMcFKH~@epM*DGY(0Me,h(oDGF/b|i±F/VHb0MY [HVAi/HF/Z$rMyewxirIJMctxiHYb ^M~V;F7D `,Y
efhV1SmeefDn0HY[n(l-M*F/VZefhkVF/Dn0HY M*YL,Xcx#VY~VnuM*s-h!e\hkH;t-Vix-F,t-Mct#Vb efhF/Dkx-shefhkV´T z¼HY!epM*YV
hVFMepH;s-VZjAxe YDAe MYefhV9XM*YsAx#MwiepM~iD|L[l-DGX*MyepM~Ai& ¢ªh-V;F7VMi efhVY{H9XM*YsAx$Mwife,M*~9HYkb6HXwi/D¬~DY~V;lAewx#HX
Mn0l-H~&eq !T[xAeefhMiKbD|Vi}YkDke¢n0VHY(efhkH@erM*YESWewePDGnoHY(KsAzlAeefhVF/VWoH!iRYDifefFx-ssX*Vm-V@ewoVVY0YDAepH@-X*VAi
l-X*H;z-MYsuefhkV(~H;F/b9DLjefF/Mx$YDGLrefhVl|XV;-V(HYkbYkDkepH@-XV!iKl|XH;z-M*YsuefhV(~H;F/b9D|LRH(~X*Di/Vb9bVL,M*Y-Mye,MD|Y9D|L
H~~V!i&i(epDU~;Mct-M~FMs|he/i/ZmHX*XvD-LefhkVn efFzM*Ys\epD3s-H;M*Y\efhVix-ll-DFPe>DLvefhV6Mn0l-V;F/MHXiefFx#~@ewxkF/V{H;Yb
bVHX*M*Ys60MyefhefhkVipl-V~MLpM~Myefz¬D|L[efhV9nEHnEXcx-dnuMXMyepHF,zFx$XVA ¢rhH@eWMPi 0hAz{`>~DGYk~VMct#Vn(zs-X*DGGH!X
H;llF/D-H~;hoH!ijefhVvM*Y!epV;F7H~@epM*DGYoDGLew>Di,z-iepVn9i/Z-HYbYkDke±H!iªDGYkVvbV;l|XDGzM*YsuMe/i/VXLrM*Y!epDEHmlF/H~@efM~HX$HYb
efhVDGF/V¡efM*~HX$t-H~@xx$n !T[xe±MyejoDkx-Xb-VHgnuMwiepHd-VWePDuh!x-Y!e±LfDGFKH;YkHXDGs-MVki¥ rhVvs|X*DA-HX$l-VF¡i,l#V~@epMct-VgMwi
efDi7VH;F/~h³LfDFH#V@eepVFx-YkbV;F¡iepHYbMYs´DGLuGDkefhi,zifepV;n9i/ZgYkDke0efDUefFz¯HYbF/VH~h¯H3YV~VkiqiqH;F/M*Xz
Mn0l-V;F/LfV~@e±H;YkboLpHXwi/Vgix-l-VF,l-DBi/Me,M*DY$
`,Y0HX¥H#HFefMf¦PiK~hAF/DYM~XVZk0hkH@erMwirsF7VH@eefD0LfD|X*X*DkoZ;,x¢ie±H!iRn(x#~hEH!iKhDA³efhkV^]F/VY-~h0HbH;lAepVbgefhkVM*F
lF/M*Y~M*l|XV!i0epD£efhVXD|~HX(i/Myewx#H&e,M*DY¤H~~DF/bMYs3efD3tGV;FzM*Y!epVF/V!iepM*YAsbMwiepDFPefMDGY-i/ZvMPihDAefhkVX*D-~H!X
YDAepH@-X*VAibVHXyeE0MyefhUefhVD|~~@x-lM*V;F¡i¥ XfHGH;FefM*Zv(hkD 0H!il-H;FfeEDGL0efhVbGM0HYZ>bV!i/~;F/Mc#V!i9t#V;F/z
~H;F7VLx#XX*z{V;tGV;F,z\iepV;l{M*Y9efhV9YV;s-DAefM*H@epM*DYD|LRefhVuDF,s-H;YMwiqH@efMDGY{DLvi/D-~M*V@efzZrLwF/D|n©HbGnEMY-MwiefF/H&efM*DGY9epD
M*Yh-V;F/MyepHY~VZªLwF/D-n lF/Dl-V;Fewz9epD{~;hkH;F/MyezDFmLwF7D|n,xiefM~VoepD{bVX*Mc#V;F/H@efM*DY$ »}hV(0DF,d{DF,s-H;YMiqH&efM*D|Y
H;YkbuL,H@epVDLefhVvsAx#MXbi,z#iepVnMPiKHXwi/D9H@e¢efhV~V;YefF/VgDLrhMwiJM*Y!epVF/VAieq A`wej>DAx-X*b-V(iepVFM*XVmepD9~;DAx-Y!eªH;X*X
efhV¬bDGnEHM*Y$i9M*YU0hM~hF/V;t-D-Xyxe,MDGYkH;F,zUlF/M*Y-~Ml-XV!iHF/VX*VLeEHl$H;Ffeq }T^xe(efhV]F/VY~hbDM*Y|i/MwieEDY
Mn0l-D$i/M*YAsHF/VLfDFn¶DL}efhV0DAeePDGn0HYD|XbF/Vs|MnuVZjMye/iqVXLR0MyephbVV;l{nEVbGMV;t-HX¢F/D|D!e/iq #ªhkVi7D|XyxepM*DY|i
Mn0l-D$i/VbZAAxe¢YkDke>MyefhDAxAe±HmsF/VH¡e±bVHX-DGL¢YV;s-DAefM*H@epM*DY0N,YV;s-DAefM*H@epM*DY0~DY|i/MwiepVbH&ejXVHierM*Y0L,M*Y-bMYs9H
LpH~@epM*DGYohDUH;sF7VVbefD\Mn0l-XVnEVY!eefhV{bV~Mwi/M*D|YkZmDALepVYHLepV;FEHlhHAi/V{DL(~D-V;F/~M*DYA_7Zm~DY!epHM*YVb
nEHYAzVXVnuVYe/i9DL0~DY!epV!ifepH¥efMDGY¤DGLefhV6lF7V@t-M*DAxi9DF/bV;F& }]BMPi7~HXmlF/M*Y-~Ml-XVAi/ZmLfDF9V@²GHn0l-XVZ^0VF/V
bVV;l-Xcz¬F/VLfDGF/n0Vb$ T^xe (hkH@e `>DAx-X*bX*M*d-VepD{M*Y$i/MPifeDYZ}Mi(YD!e[efhkVM*n(l-DGFfepH¥efM*DYLfVH@ewx-F7VZªYkDGFmefhkV
YVs-DkefM*H&e,M*DYDFu~D|V;F7~;M*DYDGY-VA R`e>MiuF7H@efhV;F(efhkV6LpH~@eefhH@et-V;F,z£D|LepV;YZJefhV]F/VY~hMY-L,Xcx#VY~V{h-H!i
~;hkHYs$Vb6efhVV@²-Mwife,M*YAs\-HXHY-~VDLD|X*bF/Vs|M*nEVF/V;sAx#XH@epM*DGY\M*YepD3H>DF,X*b\DLvF/VLpV;F/V;Y-~VigefhH&e>DGYX*z
l-H;FefMHXXzMYepV;sF/H@epVbYV&¨VXVnEVY!e/irepH;d-V;YELwF/D|nH;F7DHbZ$H;Ykbun0DGF7VgD|LepVYuXVboepDi7V¥eefhkV-HXHY~VD|Y
H9bMLfLpV;F/VY!e l-D$i,MyepM*DY6M*YepDefhkV9DGXb»i,z#iepVn©D|L[F/VLpV;F/V;Y-~V
YbefhMwiMPiDGYkVefhV9~DY~Xcxi/M*D|Y$ivs-X*DA-HX
hMwiepDFz~HYXVHbuxiJefD¢·$bV;LwzLF/D-n efhkVg-VXMVLJM*YefhkVl-V;FpLfDGF/n0HY~V0DLJM*nl-DFepH¡efM*DYZjHYb9F/VLM*Y-VgefhV
LwF/HnEV;0DF,d¯DGL9M*YepV;F,lF/V@epH&efM*DGY¯DLefh-VV;t-D|XyxepM*DY¯DGLuefhkV3V;²-MwiepM*YAsi,z#iepVn0Z(DYUefh-V3~DGYkbGMyepM*D|Y¯D|L
F/V~DGsYMc¼M*Ys³epD efhMi\i,z#iepVn hMPi¬V;²-MwiepVY~VH!iHU~DGhkV;F/V;YeDGYkVA |(YkbV;F{D-~~@x-l-H@efM*DYZgt-M*D-XVY-~VZ
~D-V;F/~;MDGYkZefhVuMn0l-V;F/MHXRD|X*bF7V;s|MnEVuDAeefDn0HYi,z#iepVn©DGLRx-F7GHYi/D-~M*HXrFx$XVuM*YKsGzklAe[F/VH~@epVbM*Y{H
V@²-MwiepVYk~VvD|L¢Hv~DY|iepHYefXzoF/VYV;s-DAefM*H@epVbg#HXHY~VA ±VDAl-X*VvHYbYkDkepH&-X*VAi/Zl-H@efF,DY|iªHYkbg0DF,d-V;F¡i7ZGnoV!Y
H;Ykb´oD|n0VYZunoHnEXcx-d$i¬HYkb~Mct#MXMHY|i7ZuM*nl-VFMHXuF7VXHz#i\HYkbX*D-~HXuL,M*sAx-F/V!i7ZuHX*XoH!i¬H LwF7H;s|MXwV
V§!x#M*XMcF/Mcx$n e,hkH@e>l-H;F/HbDA²-M*~HXX*z\efh-V6LfDF/VMcs-YUM*Y!efFxi/MºDGYHYbMye/iuF7V@t-D|Xxe,M*DYHF7z¤bMHXV~@epM*~F/V;t-VHXwi¥
YbuM*Y9nzDlMYMD|YZ$MyeªHXwi7D9H;YuMnl-DFwepH;Y!eªbAMnEVY|i/MD|Y9DLjs-X*DA-HXhMPifepDGFfz·!xi/M*Ys9H0i,l-V~MLfM~(n0D|n0VY!e
DLgM*Y!epVF/H~@efM*DY\Hi0HF/V;tGVXH@epDFz»LfDGF,nx$XHLfDGFefhVx-Y-bV;FqiepH;YkbGM*YAsD-LH6i,l-V~M*L,M~i,z$ifepVn ±]BF/D|n HX*
&H;GH;FefM*Zj0V9YDAe DYXczx$YkbV;F¡ifepH;Yb#V@eepV;F[efhVuY-H@ewx-F7VuDLefhkV9bGMwifepDGFwefM*DY6M*YepDefhkV]F/VY~h{bMwiq~DAx-F¡i/V
NPxeoVmhHboYkDM*XXcxi/M*D-Y|iRH;-DAxe¢Myef_xe±H;Xi/D(efhVmYkH@ewx-F,VvDL$JsAzlAepM*HYui/D-~MV@ewz#
]¢DF[!epH;YLfDF/b9hH@oZ;]F7VYk~h(l-D|X*M~zEM*Y(JszlAeoH!iRH~@x-F/M*DAxiR~D|n(-M*Y-H@epM*DGYoDGLe,M*n0Mbu~DY|i7V;F,t-H@epMiqn
H;Ykb DL0F/HbM~HXgM*YYDt-H@epM*DYHYbU~h-HYAs-VZvDL0lF/DLfVki&i7Vb3F/Vi,l#V~@eELfDGFEYH@epMct-VefF/HbMye,MDGY-iHYb£efhkVM*F
~Dn(l-XV&epVbMi,F7V;s-H;F/bM*Y{lF/H~@efM~V¥ rªhMwi(HYkHX*z$i/Mwi/ZKHLwepV;FH;X*XZJ~DAx-X*bLfMyeHXXJH~@efM*DY$ivz{TvDYHl$H;FfepVZ
]F/HYk~VM*Y-~Xyx#b-Vb$ T^xe-efhVF/VMi}hkV;F/VvH;YkDkefhkV;FRbMnEVY|i/MºDGYkZDGL$>hM~hoD|L¢~Dkx-Fqi/V(hH@¯0HiRH@oH;F/V·efhkV
~@x#Xyewx-F/HXs-H;l |`pY9F/VHbM*Ys{HX*,&H;-H;FfefMjLfF/D|n¶H(s|X*D-HXjl#V;F¡ipl-V~@efMct#VZhkDkoV;t-V;F7ZjDYV0~HYuefFzHYbH;t-D|M*b
LfD-~@xi/M*Ys³DYXz DGY3efhMwi9s-Hl-ZgHYbLfHXXM*Ys¯MYepD³~@x#Xyewx-F/HX*Mwi/n9 }hVs-X*DGGHXl-V;F¡ipl-V~@efMct#Vh-H!iuepD GV
Dl-V;YVbuefDHoLfD-~@xi DYefhkVX*D-~HXri/D-~MV@efzHYbYkDkeKDA$i7V!i&i/Vbuz9oVkifepV;F,YHn(-M*sAx$MyepMVAiJ(hkDBi7VXMwife[Mi
efDD¤VH!i,zepD¤~;Dn(l-MXVA ª]DGFEHl-DBiqi/Mc-XV>F/MyewepV;Y\t-V;F¡i/MD|YD|LvefhMPi0l-Hl-V;F/Z^`(oDkx-Xb3LfD|~&xjiEDYUi/D|nEV
V@²GHn0l-XVkiEefhH@ei,hkDk hDA«efhV\V&²AepV;F,YkHX(M*nlAx#XwiqV£M*Ykb!x#~VAiH3i,hMLe9M*Y3efhV6#HXHY~V\DL(efhV\X*D-~H!X
DF,s-H;YMi7H@e,MDGY(-V;zkD|Ykb>efhkVnoV;F/VvMn0l-XVnEVY!epH&efM*DGYoDGL$efhVvM*n0l-DBi7Vb(F/VLfDGF/n9
rhVLfM*F¡ie£V@²-Hn0l|XVMwi\efhV1~D|n>l-DBi/MyepM*DY¶DGL{efhVbMyoHYkZefhV1~DAx-Y~M*X& 0µhH@eMi3l-HFefM~@x$XH;F/Xcz
M*Y!epV;F7V!iepM*YAsMwiuefhV6oH;zM*Y30hM~h3efhVefhVDF/V@efMc¼H@e,MDGY¤D|LE~Dnn(x#YHX>~Mct#M~6l-H;FepM*~M*l-H@epM*DGYz3efh-V
D-~~@x-lM*V;F&i[M*Y!epVF/H~@e/iR0Myefh9DAeePDGnoHYElF/H~@epM*~VAi7Z#efhkVni7VXt#VAibV;F/Mt-M*YsLF7D|nnuVbGMV;t-HXjhkV;F/MyepH;s-VAi& AT[xe
0MyefhH{h!x-s-V{bMPifepDGFwefM*DY(hM~hVYb-HYAs-V;F¡iEYDAeDYXcz3efhkVlF/V@t-M*DAxiuLwF7H;s|MXV-HXHY~VZJAxeoHXi/DUMye/i
Lwx$YkbHnEVY!e/i7ZWoMyefhDAxeElF,Dn0DAefMYsU0h-H@e00V\~Dkx#X*b³~HX*X0H\n0D-bV;F/Y¯HbGnEM*YMPifefF/H@efMct#V3iq~hVnEV6efh-H@e
oDkx-X*b0nEH;d-VvH@iefF7H~@efM*DY0LwF/DGn³efhkVms-HnuVvDL¢~DXXV~@efMct#VvM*bVY!epMyewz0M*Y0DF/bV;FePDlF,Dn0DAepVmF/V@t-DXyxefM*DY-H;F/z
M*Y-bGMct#Mb!x#HX ~MyepM*¼AVY-i/hMl rTWDGYkH;l-H;FepVYDn0M*Y-H@epV!iEMYepD6efhV{~DAx-Y~M*X[F/VXM*s|MDkxiEn(xi/XMn V;Fx#bMyepV!iEH;Y-b
YDAepH@-X*VAiLwF/Dn efhVuF/VX*M*s|MDkxinuM*YkDGF/MyepM*VAi& 0VuskD|VivLPx-FfefhV;F[efhH;YefhkV9D!eePDGn0HY{M*Y!epDefhV9~DGn0ngx#Y-H!X
bVLM*Y-MyepM*DGYoD|L¢~Mct#M~ml-H;FepM*~Ml-H&e,M*DY$ rhMPiRMwiJM*YEYDooH;z0YV&xefF/HX-HYkbg0MXX|-V~D|n0VvMY(efhkVY-V;²Ae±bV~HbV!i
Hv~X*H!i&i/M~vLfVH@ewx-F/VvDL¢~DGXDGYMHX$~X*MVY!epVX*MPiqn9
µhkH@e`¬Hn l-HFe,M~@x$XH;F/Xcz¨MYe/VF/V!iepVbM*YMwi»HXwi7Defh-VVtGD|XyxefM*DY¨DGL{V;²-MwiepM*YAs¨~h-H;F,s-V!i¬D|L9x-F,-HY
s-DAt-V;F,YnEVY!epZA>Myefh0H;Y0HbH;lAepVb0bVLM*YMyepM*D|Y#
oV;F/Vm`acbXMd-V^epDEV@t-Dd-V^efhVvLfH@epVvDL$efhV~hkH;F,s-VvD|L¢YH§Mb0HXBH!i/hAF/HLfZ$~hMVLrDL$efhVgYkDk-XV!i¥ A}hMwiRL,M*sAx-F/V
l-HXcz-Vb9M*YuefhV0D!eePDGn0HYDX*b9F/V;s-MnEVgefhVF/DGXVDLKH(~hMwVLRD|LjefhVvx-F7GHY9MY$ife,MewxefM*DGY-i& i}efh-V(YH§McH!X
8$2 >82 -F;-DqE WW.XY\]K^
g
JhZ5W
V^ WU
I JI XafW
U
IMOI:^
U
G0I#`X
S
RW
V
X^E2'$2; ;;-*64z2<C#C 9 y2:
8=<[E"v
Eev"xEc"x
s-s
80*[2Op$2:CE'$*Cx EYxvEc"x vx
-H~;dLwF/D-n©V²-M*XV9MYefh-VuYVM*s|hAGDGF/M*YAs{DAeePDGnoHYlF/DAt-MYk~V9DGL ±HXV!iepM*YVZrh-VuH;ll-D-MYepVbefhkVuhVHbD|L
efhV(F,Mct#HXjYkDk-XV0L,H~&e,M*DYZ$TWH;dF/M*ZhMniqVX*L[H0~DY!epV!ifepVb9LM*sAx-F/V0MYhMPi DA>Y~XHY$ ¢-D(hkH@erTWDGYkH;l-H;FepV
l-X*H;z-Vb9DY9MwiJefhVgl-XHzksF/DAx-Yb9DLjefhV(L,H~@e,MDkxiKs-HnEV!i DLjefhV>DkeefDn0HY9YDA-XV>~Mct#M~gl-V;F¡i7DGYYkVXf -rhMi
MwiRHY0Mn0l-DFepH;YelDM*Y!eefDg-VmYkDkepVb|
rhVgi/V~DGYkb0V²GHnl-XVMwijefhkVLpH@epVvDL$(hkH@e J Q >DXye±bVLM*Y-Vb0LfDGFjefhkVvV;Yb0DLBefhkVm¹ `,`efho~V;Y!ewx-F,zoH!i
Hgl-D$i¡i/Mc-XVgd-MY-b9DLjefF,McAx#Y9D-LjefhVgl-XVGV& xieKHiªefhkV(D!eePDGnoHYuGHXHYk~VZ|efhV]BF/VY~huF/V;tGD|XyxepM*DGY9XVb
efD0Mye/iRb!x-F/H;-XVvV~XM*li/V^epDgefhVmlF7DGLfMye±D|LjnoDGF/V(iepH&-XVvY-D!epH@-X*VAi¥ |-Do>hH&erHX*f&H;#H;FefMf¦wiJ~hF/DGYM~XV(i/hDA
Mwi0YDAeDYXczHlF/D-~V!iqi0D|L~DGY$i7V;Ft#H@efMwi/n0ZJAxe>HXwi/DDGL(i7VbGMnEVYepH@efM*DY\D|LX*D|Ys3hMwifepDAFz»D|L~VYefF/H;X
~DY!efFpDGX DL(X*D-~HXJx-F7GHY\l-DGlAx#X*MPife(M*n0lAx#XPiqVi& JrhV[HM*F/D3F/V@tGDGXe0H;s-HM*Y|ifeg]BF/V;Y-~h\Fx#X*V6MwiEH{~;Fx#~M*HX
n0D|nEVY!eRM*Y0efhMPiKlF/D-~V!i¡i7ZH!irefhVgYkH§GMcHXHAi/hAF7HLjoHAi ~DY!epV!iwepVbz0efhV>~;F/DA0bZ±ipDn0V(YDA-XV!i[LwF/D|n
D!efhVF}LfH~&e,M*DY$irefFzM*Ys0efDulX*H;z0efhVvF/DX*VgD-LefF,McAx#Y|i¥ rh-V;F/VmefhVvF/V@t-DXyxepM*DYH;F,z9noDkt#VnEVY!eRHs-HM*Y-ieefhV
DX*b(F/V;s-MnEVvDF/bV;FrMiªbGMcF7V~@epVb0H;s-HM*Y$ie$efhkVmLwF/VY~h(F/V;tGDGXcxepM*DGY#
YbefhVvefhMcF/b9V;²-Hn0l|XV(Mwi[H;-DAxejefhkVgX*M*YdGV@ew0VVY~;Mct$M~gF/Mcs-h!e/i7Z$F/VXMs|M*D-YZjix--nuMwi&i/M*D|Y0efDefhkViepH¡epV
DF/bV@FH;Yb9n0MXMepH;F,z9Fx#XVA -ªhkV>GHAi/M~lFM*Yk~M*l-XVkiDGLjefh-V(Lx#Y~@epM*DYM*YsDGL[i/D-~M*V@efz9HAiKlF/DGnoDkepVbz0efh-V
]F/VYk~hEH;F7VgM*YuYDoH;zEYV@xefF/HX$M*YKsGzlAepM*HYuHYkbuSmewefDAnEHYuhMwiepDFz# rhVgM*Y!epVF/H~@efM*DYuMwiKYDAeGV@ewoVV;Y
KYXM*s-h!epn0VY!eH;YbefhVbH;F,d\Hs-Vki>DLvnEVbGMV;t-HXJ-H~;dGoH;F/bAYkVAi¡i/ZJMyeMig-V&ew0VVY¬HbGMwiepDFwepVb6M*bVHD|L
n0D-bV;F/YMyefz HYb M*n0l#V;F/M*HXDAeePDGn0HY M*Y!epV;FplF/V@epH¡efM*DGY D|LefhV nuVbGMV;t-HXhkV;F/MyepH;s-V DL Mwi/XHnEMw~
s-DAt-V;F,YkHY~VZA0MyefhefhVmF/V!ifx$XerDL¢HvbGMi,l-XH~!VnEVY!e¢DL$efhV^GHXHY~VA
µhkH@eVnEV;F,s-V!iLwF/D|n efhMwiLfF/HnuV&0DF,dMi9efhVY´H3bAzY-HnuM~\l|M~@ewx-F7V3M*Y ohM~h¯V;²AepV;FpYHX(t-M*D|XVY!e
iefM*n(x#XH&e,M*DY|i±F/V;t-VHXwijefhVvX*Ds|M~!iªDGL$efhVmlF7V@t-M*DAxiJi,z$ife/Vn1MYefhVmt-V;F,z0n0D-nuVYe¢DGL¢Mye/iRbV~X*M*Y-VA `e¢HXi/D
F/V@tGVHXwimefhVEHn(#M*sAx$MyepMVAivD|LRefhVF7VXH@epM*DY|i/hM*l0Myefh{n0D-bV;F/YMyefz$ $TWV~H@x¢i/VuYkDkefhkH@eJoVuH;t-D|MbVbepD
iepHFPe{LwF7DGn efhV;F/VZ0V¯~HYefFz HYbs-DGH~;dM*YewhMwi»bGM*F/V~&e,M*DY¨D|LefhV³M*YepV;F,lF/V@epH¡efM*DYDLefh-V
Hn(-MsAx#DAxi¶F/VXH&efM*DGY$i/hM*l oMye,h n0D|bVFYMez# Uµh-H@eMwiHn(#M*sAx#Dkxi Mwi YkDke YV~Vi&i/H;F/M*Xz efhH@e
F/V@tGD|XyxefM*DY-H;F,zElF/MY-~M*l-XVi}EV;F7V(HbH;lAepVbePDH0i,l-V~M*LMº~(~@x#Xyewx-F/HX~DY!epV&²Aeq
LepVF[HXXZMwi/Y¦erTWDYH;l-HFepV
hMn9i7VXLJefhVuHbH;lAepH@efM*DYD-LJF/V;t-D|XxefM*DGY-HF7z]F/HYk~VoepDefhkVo]F7VYk~h~DY!epV&²Aeoµ h-H@e[MwivHn(#MsAx#DAxivMwi
M*Y$iepVHb>efhkVvbGMiepDFPefM*DYgzEHvLfDF/V;Mcs-Y(l-DA0V;F±DGL$efhkVvD!eefDn0HY(-HXHY~VvDL¢D|X*b(F/V;s-M*nuVmFfx$X*Vk·A~D|n0n(x$YkH!X
F/VX*H@epM*DY|i7Zkx-FGHY0~Mt#M~mF/Ms-h!e/i7ZGLfMwiq~HX|lF/M*Y-~Mcl-XVAi¥
Yb0hV;F/VZ|MyerMi}YkDke#efhVvH@ifefF/H~@enoD|bV;FpYMyezkZA0DAx#Xb
MyeWV;²-MwiepZjefhH@e[oH!ivlF/D|noD!epVbZ±xeWHi,l-V~MLpM~9MnEH;s-VDGLJefhVi/D-~M*V@efzefD-VuF/VLfDF/nuVbZª-H!i7Vbx-l-DY
F/VM*LMVb , rhMwi^oH!ivM*Y{YDoH;zYV@xefF/HXrM*Y9efhVuV;tGD|XyxepM*DGYDL}JszlAe H;YkbM*YMe/imF/VXH@epM*DY|i/hM*lepD
Hbn0MY-MwiefF/H&efMtGVun0D-bV;F/YMyez#
YkbefhMwiHX*X*Dki^epDsD9-H~;depDefhV0s|X*DA-HX[i,z$ifepVn M*Y{Hm7Dkx-F/YV;zD|L[H
s-X*DkGHX|hMwiepDFz>F/DD!epVb(M*Y!epD(sX*DA-HX#§!x#V!iepM*DYMYsiRH@GDkxeBX*D|~HX-~hkHYs$Vi&
*6]>xxDEe$f2:9+$21132;cE&R
S,S IW
V
^?Xa9W
U
I
U
XX
S
Xa aM
V
=KY^?K^$N M V I#^$W.K
S
WR-N
V
I:P
^ V
`=I:M(P
VWh|Xa eXY^NXY^ E"v E Ec"x x