Basque from a typological, dialectological and diachronic point of view

(1)

HAL Id: artxibo-00000063

https://artxiker.ccsd.cnrs.fr/artxibo-00000063

Submitted on 6 Feb 2006

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- entific research documents, whether they are pub- lished or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.

L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

point of view

Georges Rebuschi

To cite this version:

Georges Rebuschi. Basque from a typological, dialectological and diachronic point of view. Thorsten Roelcke (ed) - W. de Gruyter, pp.837-865, 2004. �artxibo-00000063�

(2)

"!#%$& (')* +,, +.-0/ +, ' +,, +

1 /2/ 1 , * 1' $435,67

8129 : ' 1 <;%=?>A@AB<=DC/EGF-IHKJLNM,J#OPMRQSUT:VNWXQYZQ[V\]HKJL^MPJ#O,MRQS_`OVNWXQYRQ[MZab-

+c1edgf 6ihejUkmli/<<n )b' -Eopqrsot0u

@X

1b'

1'

8v1' /#

'

,

1 w

w 9 %& 1x')* K+,, + ' Z ' ,yK$] 'v `1 / / "!# p

w w z 5 1 /7 ' n# ' p

w G{| * +, ) u

w Gw x 1 + / N'v u

w

GG

f

&}

15 +&2

*

+,

) t

w G~pEb} +&2 * 5K+, ) w

w

~pEb}

*

'

?K$ "!#x

)1'v w q

w ~pEw l/2K"/ w q

w

~pEG=

N' 3

') w o

w ~pE~pEnN" ' rN ' C F: ) &e&2 ' ,b

w

~pEG

9

5<K&

*

+,

"

1' 1

w ~pEcu ; ' 5 * ' ?$ "!#x )1'v N Eu

I

1 ' .

d*

5

1

K+,, +3

' ,

1

t

w z &2 1b' t

GX +, q

~pEb 1b' ' , 1 Eo

pE{|

*

5K+,, +3

' ,

1 p w

pEw 9 5 1 &}15 + /K& 1 p w

pE

w w

2

'

`&}

1

:

1 / *

1

5

1 p w

pEw G@

pEGb

' ,

1 1'

(3 `n + /& 1

pp

pEG w ;+,/ "!# pp

pEGG}} +,

' p0u

pE~pEb<+c+, ' 3K%$K& 1 / ' 5x * j `n5 ]"+ ' , 1 v* pq

z

)1'v '

.(3

' ,

1

p0o

w l/2/ 1 /$ p0o

Gb +, 1 )2 1 /2 %& j1 w

~pE z /1 N' <+ "

u z &}& )2 1 /}$1 + E"n3 ' , 1

$`

1

Eu

artxibo-00000063, version 1 - 6 Feb 2006

(3)

,.-%/10+2345+/16!2-

"!#<Cna7_98JL:J F]R ' 5< 1 +)e* r 81 /0r= * 1 + 1 ' ' n n353 /1

l ' 1 =? * - `1 / '"%R ) 'I1 & * +c+1 35,/ 1 ' ' ' R] 1 ' , +c+) + N' /

' 1) j 1 6 1 + 1 ;: *' ! 'v 1 `1 -' ]&2<]+,:y/c ' 1 ' K?C { ,5+, 15

w=< t - K"0 ' w=<< ubF9>' 1 & * / ' 3 ) j 1 56 1 + 1 %$ &}+c, `1 /

+ 1 %Z+ ' ?> N3,6 K$& `1) K$ ' E% )* ' 5 R * 3,//e )29 vj w=<< q>0"

+R}{ ,5+, 15 w=< t0o$K ' 5 @ # v 1 )* ' bR"- 1 /}& ) 6 1 35,6 $E{|n3 `1

w=<< t}$ ' * 'v ' ~3 ;@e +,rn<+'v , 11 ', 1

<

1 / '

5(

11 1

K$I ? - * + r

15

&2

`1

/x3 v,5 1

"

*' ,

1

A6-

6

*

Kj

1x' ' @ 1A%BQCa+DIWXQWE7YPJS MPJ 1

/-0

1x' 5x

'

1

,/<$

'

)

1

"- $ '

5(= 5

* + 1

>&

1b)}*

+ r

15

&2 +R2

1

/,

' '

&x

' 3K(

1

* Kj

1

62`+c+

1' '

0/

N) A?@

'v +,

1 >b ''

<

'

1b' '

}6},}

' 6

*

Kj

1x' '

5(62

'

K$

f

3 A6

'

1

K5

1 / ) R

' +c+ &

''

?$I/

N' F>

12 1) "-

'

' * 1b)

& )

$

'

"5

'

5

1

&24

'I*

535

1

<K$

'

%%

' 1

&2?@XK&e&x

1 ')

%GH7_?8JI ME

1

&0/

1 z

* 1 -

<+ 3 CJ%L:J&KJ F"-56e,`}R +&24

'

+~3K+

) z

* `1 Rvrs

* j 1 '

/

)

-6 y+, v+

)x

"!#r

* j

1

2

1x'

({ ,//+,%< ^ML4

1 ++) - '

5%R

1 35,/

1

' '

6 ?3 `

*

j

1x' '

5

6

'

$

c+ 0-

'

<

`*

'v + $

'

5(62b

'

1e*

535

1

<K$

R

)

<CON%MQP8J M,J FN

9

%$c '

Kj3K

*

1b' /}

1x

/

'

j

' w

ubEu-E

' ''

5% +R

'

)

K$

'

+

1

%Z]$ c+

)

v

'

MR623K-

1

K& ' ,</

N'v -K

1 /r6}

''

12 11

'v ' ,

1

?

) '

$6

' 3 ++,:SA^3K0 + )}1

'

3K(

1

/R3 `/

1 / *

5+cR5/2C{ .+.

1 w=<

t -

z +

w=<

op-z

N' n

'

w=<

oq- ;<

*

'v 1Uw=<<<

- &

1 '

`:FN z#2/ &2

1b'

?

15 +,

' / 6 $ c+

)

"

*

,

'

<K$&

`1)

*

'

?K$

'

5%+

1

]

' 6

*

j

1 1x'

{ ,//+,%< "-

`1 /23

1 +,- ]$ '

*

5

1

K+,

)

R?

1

`

1

/E

=?3

1'

<+,/

'

/ &2

1b'

</ +,

'v +c+

)

/c$$

1b'

' /E

9

%$

1

/?$

/ +,

'

+,

)

-5> ~r >

15 * '

-

1 R?+ :vc$, '

.

1 1

3Kn +&2K

*

+,K

)

-,/

1b' c$,/

`c

' & "K?/ +,

'

"-

**

:

1x'

%$R ++ ' '

+,<$ R

w

ot

<

j<&2

1 '

54"-K5

"

1

Tb/$ ]+c

'

` ) / +,

'

-

1

&+

)

-K$"K&

''

6

'

k z0 +,

' 1

CP+7UKa`LNQaL J#-

5

1

$K

'

WV] F

1

/x> K5 "/

1

CnY,JWE7L9I MRa`L:J#-> F-E

*

j

1 1 L4

1

-

`1 /2

*

UTb

1

C,[MWE7XP8maL:J#- F

1 /

R

)5 1

CYKMQP8J MZaL:J#-

cF-E

*

j

1 1 z

* 1 9

5+,<Cn<F]3K

./ K$

'

5% K

*

, + /R

'

v

'

,

1

$

'

E<c

'

/ +,

'

?C

1

N6 35

' ,

1

kAl > f A-

l >A62` 3 bF>ZA= > A-5= ` >A62 3 "F>ZA R A- ` Rec

(4)

!#"%$ & ' ()* ()* +-,. ./(.&01+' ( 234

4 5(&01 ' 60178 ( :9; <5( .="12 (2!=?> ! & 7>8="1 "1 @AB

5- C 2"% 8$2"101 (5DEC, ?"% *F 5( <(5BGH :>2 =I&J

KL>01 6)NM.OPQERTSUWVXYQ-Z'[]\EVZ-Z(^_GSU1`'ab[1^<R6^`VcEV_[WQ?d'eBf'g

h Q\[ ijV\&[

k ^_&[%P lm nolH pqlH rs

t ^u[]P vw" xy" ?< z)* I zGI z{4|M/I

Ks <2"]01 (5L=C, #"% ?)<01<z7"%AB & < &}9Nm7~5N& ?"% 2 &C 2 '"] NABv.0 ((2

D"% 59? !v C7= <2 98"YsNCI9;0]2; <5(5C"] (2! < ?C*> ! 60] AY=

2="12 <AB :>=0%" M

= ?"Y01= q~2!=2= (rs~+'&.! (2~5( } !7==0A}2"]01 (5"%0%00" :="|J

?lz{`VV_D=XWVcju_&[1Q_GV~F & 5 k VV__D^X1V~^u_GSU1`IL 2!rs5( =C 2#=? 6A"%7H0%"% <A

KL>01 6)?5- C 2"% 8$?=; ! (5( 2?0%"% (9N 6A"% 2!v6"z01> &0%01 (2Nn '7= I.x<"zj 01I

& 2!`VV_G_Q_GVz7"M M(#"%$ I 9=, & !=3"% 50~2 6)* ( 2;A" 0%0?QUWVXWSQ&'^

`VV__DQ_V}p7= & W;Y& <z{4;> &"% $N 9 D"% 5=.IDM

)?sA&L} :9#"= & ?01 8$~$ 6"YL5( 5- -29;3N&"% !&"1 "1 's < N =$ (2?"% !

C'72 (5((2 'DM' !F& 5( ( E?l¡N(5.2"]01 (5>=" (2N¢~="1AA"15"10 (5($ ""1 !9#"

6C>0%"]5("1 NA£lm&A"= (L¤6_GV¥*¥!VU1_DQ6¦~§:¨N"% ©&ªªM)*5£} :>2 &" ! :8"%7"1

pL,&0+'"% 2"1<z{ 6)*5((2 !;A£ :v¢~ 601& $~$ IsA"G7HCN= (2N « 8"15 (2B«

"1 DNAHxy"zWaUcju'¬'Q&_GV^\D^[1uVI}9?8"15?s 9 2 D 01C (2?"% '=«7 "A"1 (2B«}vzQ(u\G(V_V

V~[1uV~ 5- A!pqvwI 60] $~$ : (2!=.2DNz{=$ }9?"C "Y=Is"% ; (2~5("1

& 2N(2?"% 8"Y7"1 ?"% ! 6)6= NLj?! "BM8x<" * <2 N$C8"15(09; "%$'A

?«D B«}v¢~ Lz{ < 6$80?®¯!"%; Ls; *v=C (, s"% C"% ;} &

& 6"% !F 5( &I"}"°}pqv±s"}"°}9?="= Nz& 2C, !=2; != &01 "°"1 I}9?"%00>

2 '5"> (2?"% ! 6 8L (5"] ~M

²'³´jµ¶<·¸¹°º¼»7½~¾¿À°¿Á¹YÂ-¸ÀBÂ(µ¸Ã&¸Â»¶(Ã&¹YÄ»¹YÂ-ÄE¿ÅsÄ»¸ºÆ|¸Ã&ÆÇ<¸ÄGÈÉ¶

²'³²'³BÊ~¿É|ºÆËÄÌ»Ã&ÉÂ»ÉÃ&¶

Í 9#"% $?=; < G "]0%0*9?="= N5(5D= LAs= 22#v¢~ (}9?"%00B7=7HA"

=C 0%0%" $9?8"15?"Y@6A"%"%A HC A (5=CC"N"1 NA£ 6C #"15!77= & AQ(u\(V_GV

V~[1uVs"H"YsC 5( (2?"% Nx6"%C+'5(M

(5)

²'³²'³²'³²'³.Ks :.5-0%"15!.= 'L<¢"= <2"% &7?A" : "q7= N9#"= !V~Q~U~^Bu

Ks & <0Y 6A" 6A0%0"% $2"%C' $BBC &0VU~Q(U~^UVuBQ-uz=5( ' 0$C"]5

(¢~ 5( s0%", 6UWVsuV :C"]5(0%0*>"°780%01>"15IG8"HA0%019} !001>0] :> 27

" . -¢~ 5( 's0%"%, :VU1VsQ(uV"YL&AY= &} !> A ( <501B -2#9; 0M

²'³²'³²'³³²'³.Ks != 22=C 0%0%" $5( . & L :B 6"% NKL>01 <z{vwIDM

KL>01 :v

t

[]V`SV_S*R:V\ uQ<Z(^`\D^`V`~[%\

X1V~UWVX VX°(Q(^XWV_ cE_Q(

cEVXWV~[%VX

-Q(XWV_ cj^\&[1

-Q(XWV_

cjX°^\DU°(Q\

¦&=(^UYZ(Q&S&¨

C z{I ,

cjX°^\DU°(Q\

¦L(^UYZ-QS&¨

> 2 z22I $

V_UYZV~[1Q\ +

_UYZV~[1UY(Q&\ A +

`V\VXW\

X°UuU1S\ 0 0%0

_P^[WU°Z\

aX°UWSQ

j?N 'DM8zILKs ?~"15( (2sCC£=""1 N 0#AY 5"] }9?"! 6C01B" ?B"15( (2

'LAY= & !> " $N (0"%+' (2N}"]5( (2N5( "% '~ LsA"15-" 'LzG

β δ γ7IMz{>ILK@ 6C #"15

=LAH[Y[B 2!SS"°L 80;z7N$" 0%0IL5&01 (s"% * 6 7 N2"1&01 (59# (} ! 2.

<2"$C. C 6N <001C LAH[B 2!S"% ! ! = N LAY= &

s780%01D>"15(}U=Mz=5I¡K@ 6A"15(" L& 2NAA"15-= L <0%0"15( &01 G.5&AMz&IL> -¬< 2N[¬<

0]?"% .sL20 (0]\w 2N[%\w <C"]5(.=z7C£=7I0 (01 2N& 2N[N 6C C01D=0J

6"Y@601$ s '!> &LAA"15-" '} ;AC01B" DM8z2I}pLv s"%#C7= -2#P"% '=3"

=C 0%0%" $HJ8"Ys01 = &s"YL 0#C 5( (2?"% * 6 7~Mz2ILKs 6 &0YL 6 0"%+' (2N

7$&C"15:`N> &A <5- 'Lz{>H &$ G=" <'G"?"%01"] ?"°} 670] I 2N < & 2

AB9N2.Mz &ILK@ 6C01=0 &0 2?0%"1¢"]23& !C 0 2?XYX 0; :> $"% 8 "% 8$A

9;2.G9#"% 8$;=: ?$ 0C.5( 'GLAC01=0"%+("% 8$;` 2?XAY= L!001>"]5<s

80%01>"156U !N ! 2.@.5(5DLL0%0]C LA£ 6AY0%0C &N }` 2;X>8H"%AB 6U°

"°L2CC (2.'s"YLAY= ! <5( -?" "%N&0C"%GL& :>$>9#"15&N23 5( '7H"%

6 !> LA@ $N '>H"% ! "%L¢~0"."% ?^UW`V 6A=C 5( -2¼ (}"%

6 7!>8E(}"% ! !9? 6"5( '7}9#"?^`Vz{ &Is$.2Nz I/M8z7AILK@

9;3="15Lz{9#"]5N23 CC -s"% ""10%0; 5( CH"% ? -5( >9#"% $B=IL 7 6A01C

" ! <5(' <A@="%?C01 :_.& 2N:"%0%0] (2?"156"% ! <5( <AB_G_3>8 <CC£=""1 N 80

9;,Bs"% '= 75(0"15(0%0J'"% N L5( = D 6$C ; :_j"Y} (2>8H"Ys (&0%"Y -2#="%0%01 (2BM

z$I}F"% &0%0 601 = *9?£ 6 (5(?N 2 (2?C 5&"1"1 ?"YL!="%?C01 :2?"Ys$ 0%0

(6)

²'³²'³²'³³³.j . & 50= GL 6 N0%0N>~ 'H"% !9;2"% ""]0C£=""1 J& 5"1 &

>=9#"% 8$Bs < N C & D"15:9N &0"% ? .0%"%, qaUW_UW\[WUW`^E"°7"1 sD !"?C0%"%A"1 -2

6"% ""10$C.'s"% ?X°^_DQ*A019N zlmM1XY^_Q¥?IM "%?C0] :9N2."% '= 75(0"15<50= G

5- "YsAH<5( "% '~ z6A"]5(" ( &010"1¢"12N} :"%0%0] (2?"15IsA0%019N -2#>8N6C0]£="

L N&AA"15(= N>8}A="15(" b&AA"15(= ! (¢~ 5( L 6 |=01 = (2JQ`~^_:7!>=

z ( (7I7 ,-¬^_&[¬U "$=!>B ABB <5&07= s"YL0°-2?"= (2!9;2?A"% 0%0£JQ-X[¬

>01(5,/M' N5(?C01 #9N2.N < 01D>= <50= GL& <0%019; (2. 8M$M(SV

[W^_

¬

'U

[B2BM/CM

5-N -7C00]!F|7N ( <5(?"% $?=NN (>8HN "?C0%"%A"15-"1 .L0°5(5MFH

" .7=& 5( (! -¢~ 5( {AA"15-= (7C01B" 70"% A="15(" (7C01B" {>8cE_^(aB_DQ\\DU°(Q

'G"?"%01"] ?" !"15( °"15( 0] G= L0Y;=, C01(5( (s" ?UW_UW\%cjU1SQ*9N;A}-5"1 D"% 8$

; "% 8$U1_DU[%\DL=" (©UWSQ*9ND9?"! !="%!0= (LAA"15-= A="15(" <5& $ M

²'³²'³³)6| !7C! $N '=001 01pqv±5( *> <5(5= &"%+' (2NA0%0]9LzAY= &}!~0]2

& > < 0.="Ys"YC70#!;9# IsA} 8$¼=C (, }9?3 6N-2 : "%E~2"1

" !v¢~ J8zI}9;zsN IE780%0]>01 -701 $?9N2.s <& ?"% = & ." Gz>I} 60] $

& 2?C 01$"15(0B7~5 <AB :_D^^["Ys 0] 'M

²'³²'³³²'³n & ! <(5-5( ~&0 "H"Y} :9N2z7"%I}9; 2! ( !80%01>01 (701 $?9;2.

9#B 6.H"YsN B780%01D>"15< !7 (2N ! 6A"G7L780%0]>01 JX__GVXYu_ sV < (7

X_G_V_DU=; < (7(X[¬DV'a^z}Q-X[¬@V'a^ILN :>0](5,z"%"%I}9# ! 6H"Y}>"Y780%0]>"15

& 2N 2."% N:9; 01 6HC 5- (2?"% ?"Y01D"1 #"YL0Y¼ G (2N * 6A"%GL780%01>01 J

[1Q*2.¥`SUN =&"% z7"%"%"%Is" N0%0 L5- C0780%0]>"15:9;2.sD <6C"%;7

L * ! -5( 2780%01>01 (5( "% 8$|_^¥X°Q%[B[W^?_UaBP~[YC0L6A" 0B (5( 277 Gs"A

:9N2?'LH01 (HAE001>0] &JaU¬`N (aU%¬`V (7N& aU¬`V_B=.{ (7N&

aU¬`V_Q`~[¬~[BA (7; /M(n2.L2 5"> (2! 2 Lz"%IL 6 301 $ s" $01&}9? ! D

<D}0] (7HAE780%01D>01 JXYu__

_Q`~[¬DVA} < -78A"% &0%09;2.}9#B 6H

9;¼80%01>01 60]7A£9#"]5?"YLC A0%019 6$ 0701 <m N'} ; <D

0] (78 ( !780%0]>01 's01 $HJ¥#Q`S]V 6; '="% V~[V_Q`~[¬DVA} <2./M

²'³²'³³³.Ks <-5(5( '~0 "H"Y01 8$ }D| :9N2!9# N6 #"YsA0%019N (2!>8N

D">" <(2 -5" -.L N(2 (5" 6"YsC (5- (2 (2!>; N(2 7>.} 9? ! <5-C01

5&0%""15"+' }=? 6C (2"]5(" 6C M' 7~5&N5( 6$ 001 <CC0%"1 's"% £J.W¥#Q`S

¬DV~VX~s° :>"$3; '="% WVX

_=au`VoS~szÌ= Is"°L:9?"]29;.L & J.Y^\ ¬DV~VXWVTS~

"=} 7*9?"]2 (9#"? ¼7 GL ! 601 "]5(09;2BM

²'³²'³³ ³)6 := 5( 601 01 6N" 7 'GsA00YL ! <(5-5( = -280%01>01 <AB 6017

9;2?C (5( (2" $? : 7>5(?C01 Dz " L601 "15(0 7>2" (50#"% 8A01 (5= (2 5( C

5-C01-£ ( <> L: >0C"15"%C01 6A0%019; (2!>; ?"% 8A01 (5= (2N"%0%"1&78I&J"°

CB""1 #}> ( ?"]2 "%A"] (2N} 6A5sCB""1 "% 5( <H01 (H)<0> &®BM

(7)

<60]9; }& !7~0A" 0= ' ¢~ '7"1 .s <6"Y" $5( =.D}0] (7H"%A

6"Y 3;C N <2"Y"% $"°" $? A <5(= C 2" $G 7"1 .9# & (

7 ¢~ 7"] E $; =00?;, (2NE~5Nz{>8! 6"% . 7"1 NAB 6C7"]501 :VXs^[WQ

"?N (2"1D= 0*=; 60] AYAB 6" A01 (5D= (2! 7>;A#IL 2!9#¢~ "1 .sC= & !9#"

'G &7" := & 5- DM

²'³³ ¿Ã¾µ¿À°¿Á½

²'³³²'³²'³v "Y}8C"15-0%0; N$$0"% " 601 8$~$ :9#"!>;:'7N A@AA" ' 2

7#A 9C A" 'DM8K@ <5( !7= s$ 0%0!> ( N2 5"> (2NL>~0" =$" -

& 2! <5( $"1 ?"YsC0="%C G 0M

²'³³²'³³ £ 7>~L5( 8 > 6"% 8A01 (5= (2?A}= . < 2N$ ( N 'z{> 6

'C (5~&0%0#N, (2 235-!>"% -2#9#"N:= & . -23D"%0%"]78I 2? .@ 2N(2 -5" 'L

-"%0!& .AN -2;" =; 7>~G' <2""12 :> 9; ( * 6C7LAsC ( (5&?"Y}'s

5&01 (L"YEN "N L7N -2J

zDI +(, 22 6'sN="1 (2

( +(, +' ;2 6N="1 £"Ys$ "% 8$NN"] (2

> $"%+' 22 6'sA= (2 C !9N &"%$=

>$"%+' '+' N2 6"Ys$ D"% $NA=

5 $"%+' 22 6'}> (5-N <6;

5( $"%+' +' ;2 :> -5(; L6N

Ks <2"AA 5( 6N#9N D }> < 7=>0%"Y= (2!>;2CC"% $? 6C A (5" 67Su}

"?C A (5D" "= D" 6[¬Q` 2"% $ 2? C01(5&"% $N"9#"?7VJ

z7®I ' +(,

> $"%+' 6A (

5 $"%+' 6N&

z ?A(5=QD¬D'^`7VN9N'L7"%A"]5"10%0N5 (= (2N6 2 (2! (G@$;9#"! 6N ( 8"% $C (

>877E. N2CC (2NsAB M/Ij N& "15(&0%0aU¬Q`V2 s 2 = < ; "HcjQ_

\Q'>H"Y} 2 G7=23& C"]5(0%09? ('} 6 &A 5( <AH #"= 0%"%, qaU¬^`V"Ys

A &0=3 0N N 0%0"%CB"Y"% = =C ="1 BMT ( & 6 01D" :9;232 s"°}= 0%0%" $HJ

z I $"%+' ?$"%+' 6AHN&

> ($"%+' ?$"+'

Í &}9N2N501 @ 6CB7CB""1 .9#"]5N < &" L2 -50%"% (2? .LzWaBVU1`QV` .

=CA(aBVUW`Q'[1UW#A > -IL} & 0>01 <zVu_G(V$"% 7=I(2 &7>B}9#"]5?N;0Y

> < &0>01 <z7XWV~u_7'U"% 7=ILs sz1aBVu_w=.2IL 235- 7 5"] Lz7Q'[%V 2VX1V

IDM

F£"% 00 = :v<'¢~ 6'L: ?C9N &AY0N ( LA}2 &"" $(2 ?"% 0 01 &N

(8)

& 2"% 8$BLzÌ - 'M®M/®MDI}>0°;=N"% A0] (5= (2! &7>NA0%"%, : < 5&"1 VX°U%¬^A"15D""1

AVX°U[¬z"%AIs"9N & (.}=5-?C0] N 's5&01 's"% Nzª>I2 " (2?A z7ªI&J

z7ªI +(, 22 01- = & 2=

N"] (2 LD" $

# (s$HN="1 (2

> +(, 22 01(,3$"%+'

6N !9#? D?s$};"1 -2

²'³³³'?"% 0NC01$

²'³³³²'³v 's " s ?" 0$ 2 s L 'N50]G="%A"1 E.= M

²'³³³³.Ks <2 D= ?"% H5( !77= & 5( 5( s ?"% 0C H LE~5B"% 5(

6 !> L 235- !AA" @CC (L ! 6X1V\&[9;2NAB EmMKs E?!> ;

>B.= "Y}="%C7"= JzIE="% $01&Lz77VIz{>IsC00z7=Q(I 2Nz5&Ij«"% 2 = &?"% = «Lz<IDM

Ks 6" 2 = =?"% D= LA|+ 5- 5( }>? *> L 2N2 A"% "= B"% 5( 6 N D}"°

&0%019N (2!=?> !7AA" (2!=; E AY= s" = $" s0"%, E¬Q(U1`9#"]5¬&Q`~V~[B9

; 39#"]5!>?C -5( (2 : 6 ((2? L¢~ "%A"] Gs0%", <V~[B (& 2!V\G'^N '

9#"]5?A0%019 6 ~M. ( <KL>01 <zEIDM

KL>01 <<M.OPQ Q'[ mV\Q6\B\[WQ¥}QV¥HcjXYQ&\jUW`[]PQ6SV~[1UY(Q

=$ $"%+' BMM/"

N ~M%$M2

=; 6N

$"%+ ?$&+= MM/"

N& ! 8$M]=$M2

=; : 8$3;

C0 $"%+' BM M/"

N ~M/C0M2

=; 6N

$"%+ ?$&+= M M/"

N& ! 8$3C0M2D

=; : 8$3;

" 2 $"%+' !>M3M/"

N ; M3M2

=6N&

$"%+ ?$&+= :>MNM/"

N& ! 8$ 8MNM2

=: $NN

" 2 +' " ?$"%+' BMNM"

9#"15#N BMNM2

=;9#"15&?N N

+' &"% ?$"%+' ?$+&= M3M/"

N& ! 8$M]=$M/"% .

=;9#"]5! 8$NN N

" 2 $"%+' N=,|MNM/"

N #N ~MNM2D

=3N& #N

$"%+ ?$&+= <,M3M/"

N& ! 8$3; ~M3M2

=3; * 8$3;

= : 6"% '.2~5D"1 ;AH N &C "1567_}> 9; ( N:9; 0 2! <5( !7AA"3zÌ 6"%

<2" 6C001<501 -L 5- C"1 IDM')< sCC NAB E?!> ; L7>B7= "Y

9? ?"¢~0"%A"1 L<2" (5> (5DB !$M7AA";7V"Y} -23&!>"%$~0!9#"

|2 A"% "= 6N ( 8"% $s"% #^(aU 'V`NSu[Y " &L < (= ;[]PQ6> ((2&AH < (D= !> ((2

9# & (s"}"°} *>"%$~0;2 A"% 8"= :9# ?"q=C (5"%A"] L!7> (5~mM

(9)

«7 (5(5" «s"% & ."" !> (5DL 2!9#"N2"% (5> (59# & (} < $" 6"Y} (2

9#"! !7> (5LAB "" : >BDMTC01$"15(&0%0 <>BMC0M 2"% $N"Y"% $0]&J"

C00A"Y} <zÌ78 5& "15-0%08IE78 ' "156V89#"]5?"Ys"]2 "15-0=; < $M$M7AA"£M

501&GL23 $ ( < * < (5H !> &LAH5( s"% *v<A}9NNN"% ? ( .Mz=I

Ks <2""12 :> 9N - N5( < 2N2 = &?"% s"Y} 501 (s" ! <5(' <A£ 6C7"" !7AA"NUW

As (' .L2"Y5G (2?"% b'MBM/®s $2?"L<5- '= ~0"1& AHAB 6"% 2 MD>BDM8z{>I

Ks <2""12 :> 9N - N5( !7AA" L 2?C£C£=""1 .s"YH 501 -}=.M8K@' ?«C01" «

5- 6Q&`~[¬V~[~5(0]2#> < &0 (2NL6CB7CB""1 #[¬DV~[BAD$ 8"% $? 6$ "" <z7Q&`IDM

KL>01 LzM/"17"%""%IE7?;"%+' : 6N"% ;5( 'Lz{ ! $N 's"% !>(5, Ds"% ! 6"% 2 M85(0?

& < C ' "15'"%= $01sA@ 6"% ?"=0%"15=IDM8K@ 6N=C01$"]5(0%0;5(?C01 35( ' 2

6015(" < ! C7M

z M/"%I

t

U1¥}cjX°Q<ZV\DQ6\uUQ\

\a cjX UW`SQ'[

V~\^XYu[1UY(Q M V zI"%,

Q&_aBV~[WU°(Q 8M, M/, =z I,

SV~[1UY(Q M/" = M/" z7I="

aQ&`U[WU°(Q M/ M/ z7I &

U1`\&[%_Du¥#Q`~[]VX M/+ = M/+ z I+

z M/"%"%I E^¥HcjXYQ?Z&V\DQ6\DuUQ\

\a cjX UW`SQ'[

Z-^¥?U[]V~[WU°(Q M/ ,"% |," =z7I ,"%

cE_^XWV~[1UY(Q 8M +'

M/ & BM2,

= B+'

& H2,

z7=I B+'D

zI £+,

z M/"%"%"Iq^Z&V~[WUY-Q<ZV\DQ\

\a cjX UW`SQ'[

X°^ZV~[WU°(Q=UW`Q\\DUY-Q Q&VHM ([%V~7 z= I[]V~

V~X1V~[WU°(Q #{"%, = ([]V~"%, z I[]V~{"%,

VX°XWV~[1UY(Q #7 ([%V~7 =z I[%V~7

VS`^¥#UW`VX~XY^Z #7, (=[]V~7, z I[]V~7,

= DM8zILKs !AA"N[¬V~[BAB 6C01" 6N;0Y;> <2" (507AA" (2!=; 6M8K@

2"AA 5( 6"% ?N - "% 8$?> 9; ( ! :9N? "YLs" Nz'I&J

BM%$M/$ ~M+=, ? ( .$

:=, ?"sz= M/$M:>.,IsAs*

> N 8MNM+'H&72

<z7?"Y=I7=, #"% As!

(10)

z"%"%ILKs 6C0M8 2?"% 2 M' !> G}"$$ } <CCC - 5( <AB ?«N=CB«s[]VMz7""%"%I}n

((2? .@ ?H 8"%N= (= <5( 6;C N $ 0%0;5( 8 |> <2"% (5D0AA" -2#=

601|9;2?"% ! EJ6CB7CB""1 ?"YH (29?8"15?;!> <2 (50%" (2s"%

aU¬^`V 1_DQ` &aBV`"% * 6N .UaU¬^` °Q` aBV`SU1#A9;3N & & =5M' ! 6C001

9; B7~5?A@} 6A0%019#"% $NZV`N> : (2JX1V'au`

Q [%V

_GV ^V`TSVz7 Is's$

=z7N ( DILz7"Y=IsA"1 2./M8z7"ILKs ?«-2 ?"% &001.5-" 8«qj«015(" 6$ "" «s"% #7'^N

; * @z'M/®M{'M/®IDM(F"%7="%AB (2N2"% -50"| .=AL N(2 7>"10C 6"% *

0].5(D" <5(' 6"% '= N-2 ?"% &0(2 7 5D=."% J

zI N B7"18M 2"% 2~2 ; 0%"%+'&,

.& >"1 ~M0].5:9#"15& 55&

<55 H 6" >'7"1

> N B7"18M, 0%"%+,

Ks <5&5 s"% .& >"1

z ^`^\[WUWV`Q(X°U%¬DV*"Y} -5(5( C=>01 IDM (5( 2 ;5( 6A 6"% 7DM829# !=?

&0%01" 6"% NKL>0] Lz#IL5( N&0Y?> 6N(2 6" =& N(2 ?"% 0(2 7 5L5-?C0] N 'J

z I u_G_DQ

¬zN(2 ILA$012&z7"% 7I Ëu_G_Q

¬

'^TQ_GV8¬-[Wu`V6$012?" $

z (u_G_Q Q&_GV8¬([1u`V 2 (u_G_QD¬bQ_V~[¬([1u`V 6"%?CBG=">0] I

> + "M 8M,"01M/, &N &,

A &"%$ N5( 7~M/C0M5(?"M'^ 5 8$

D5 $ H9?"#A &"%$ N5( "]

5 N B7"M/8M, >"12 (

.& >"1 ~M&0%01M'^N(2

6(2!=M1|M

z7_GV'^5(& N0Y;> : (2N} L0%01NCNAB <z2"% 78IsC01" <5( :9#"

" 8"%N= =IDM

²'³³³³)<0$!v "°L?«$ &0%"%+ (2?C.=2CN01& $~$ «"s}>! 8N, -23& 2

;, (2Nz #C"15<E7 8$IC DM8Kq>01 <z{pmIs$" '} "sAs"% ! <>B0" < 2

6$ "" <zÌ ( 'MBM;A} &"%L2"Y7=">"1 IM

KL>0] :pOPQ6V~\D^X°u[WUY-Q.V`SjQV<V`SN\&[%_D^`'aNaQ`U[1UY(QBcE_^`^u`\j^?\&[%V`SV_GS

RjV\uQ

! #"%$'&()*+ -,.#/0 *1,2,3( !

46587

8" "

49.:

$ $ $ $

4;4.587

8" "

4;49.<1:

+& +' D + +'

4=4?>A@BC

+~ , + ~ , +~ +' ~

4;4=4.587

> >

4;4;4*93:

&"1 , > , "1 & >

Ks 6C .@ !7="150#C G 0 80#"% ! ( 2?® 2?C .G 2?CM'C

(11)

« &?C"]5«LQ_GV5( *> : -2#=N A }=NN& !> " $BDM

Ks < 6 N A01 D" <s -5"%C5(0C .J A0] ""#"YL C G (2N " }>;

; (2"17CG=" 6AN}>;6AY0%0' 5( .="Y7"% 8$AH6CBG 'G" <z7"% * 6$ 8"" &IsA0%0]9; (2

>8Nu_u7V0%"M8 ((2$G9?8"15N09NsAY 5"1 .s" ! >05£7 &A 5( 60%"%, < 2?CM

"= 80%"%, 9#"Y - -5"%C5";5( !> < C G (2N " &}>* 6N (2"].7C'G" :"15( <}>*

"= Q(XW-V_E9?8"15. !9# #"L '= (5( (2 'H"Y<(7s® 2?CM"°L5BG7 A 5( -23' 2?CM

=$M

²'³³ ³? >0NC01$

²'³³ ³²'³|8 "15< 2?C "%C87"]5<5( 7$"1 .M) 2AY0AB 7>~L5( *> <2"% -50

" A01 (5D= (2>8HN£AB & 80A(5( <'sC7"15&"%C01 Lz=L!AA"01 'Gs-2"15(0A?I

= & . <& 2N$ ( &N AA" }> "% 8$5-"1 -2#>8N& N"0%"17*DG^X°XY^?E\E 6C&7"15"%C0] <z7"%

CB"" ! = 5( Ë ( 'MBM{w ? &$"1 IDM

Ks "" : >BL <09;LG.5&"1= (2!9#"! <DM7QSu`z6 (5( .7~5= (2?A?I

(9? ('s"% .="" <z (5(5D" I} &7>BL& 6A0019; (2!>#U%¬DV`> (J5( &7!=

9#D}CC s"% N601& $~$ 60%", :pE 8$0%"Y 6"YHs 5"1"1 !> 9N - N!C -5"%A"15

DM8 2N!C -5"%A"156C"15"%C01 <z=5(#C ?WPV(Q qQ`£QLUW`'aH7IJ 6C"15"%C01 '9?8"15!7

AL=C (5=B 01 -5 <£M ! :>"°LAB "%L9? N&$N 'q7~5 8M

Ks < : ( 6C7"15&"%C01 C =A (5" <zj«C'7«I"%?C =A (5" (7"= " <z=

«C '«I 2?CBC (5D" <zj«AY «IMKs 6C =AMCM"Y@0Y? <5"="1 ?A= A

7>~G8"H"YL5(5= &"%+' (2!>8!"1E7AA" LzU~7`~+' .& 2! 6C2~5" 6[WuI

C£=C (5" 6C7M'"YsAN (2!>7AA""% 8$3=Q`s7^"M M <AB :9NN$ "" < 2"% $B

=? 6C =AMC 6"%?CAM'C7M'"YL>="% (2!>;2CC"% $? 6C &AMC&7MAA" 2N(22"% $N

[ %¬Q` "% ?A(5D=8"YL 2"% $5( .="Y7LA[ ¬8Q' 6$ 7 2" !AA"A0019; (2!>* 60].5M

5- < 2"% $N7`HM8Ks <& : - :>="15?«7= . D«9;A£9#"]5N5( =C 2!=;"%N

A 5( <z7C ' 's& 2?C7I. 2N :=3UW__DQVX°UW\j;.20"£J 6C &A" H9? N0%0

&$N 'L 2?CM8 6 'C (5" 0*S¬L 2?XYLz7U1_G_DQ&VXYUW\AL5(N 6"% ?C"G :=

> 6A 2?"% ! 6C=="YLAH5( 2""1 0B = & 5( < s"% ! <C2£="YIDM8Ks :>'"15

5-!>"% D"1 LCC (&s"% !=>01 <z{FI&J

(12)

KL>01 :FNR:V\UYZBcEV_[WUYZ-UcjXYQ Vu UYX°UWV_ËZ-^¥NU1`V~[WUY^`\

cjQ_/scEV_[

UW¥HcjQ_@cEV_[

cE_^\%c

cEV_&[

cE_Q\DQ&`~[ "2

6'sA0%01 &

"%,="2

6's ((2

7+' & N2

6A00Y

"%&,7+' N2

6 -(2.

&="%,2

(0%0A0%01

",",2

(0%0 ((2

cEV\[ "+'

6A 00(2

A0%01 &

"%,="+~

6 (-2 -2; ((2

7+' & ?+'

6A 00 G (2!=3A0%0]

"%&,7+' ?+&~

6 -(2 Y (2!=

(-2

&="%,3+' &

:9N@>=3A0%0

9;012? 6A0%01

",",3+~

:9N'L>=3 -(2

9;012? 6 ((2

" (0"Y

1P Dcj^

[%PQ'[WU°ZVX

">8M0"+

"%A (2?A0%01 &

"%,=">M/0

"%A (2? ((2

7+' & !>M/0%"+

"%A 6A 001

"%&,7+' !>M/0

"%A 6 -(2

&="%,;>M/0%"+

"%A 6A 0%01

",",;>8M0

"%A 6 ((2

" (0"Y

°Z(^`\Q(

uQ&`~[WUWVX

"0%"+(z{= I,

z7 N01 $ } (2I

"%,="0,

z7 N01 $ } (2I

7+' & ?0%"+'-z{= I,

:9;0]2;A&0%01

"%&,7+' ?0,

:9;0]2; ((2

&="%,30%"+'(z{= I=,

:9N012?A0%01

",",30,

:9N012? ((2

n & N: >N"YL2"% (50#"% A0] (5= (2 <A"H0~ 's"Yj«C$ " «G' <CC£=""1

> 9; ( ! !78 "15< 2# 6C "%C8"15<5( 7$"] s"Y} A : 6 <A£

pm $0"YN J

zÌ'I =+' N2 <5-N '

> 2= -@5(#"% $

Ks < &}0~ <AH2"% (5D0?" A01 (5D= (2! 7>~s"YL-"°7"15' &"%sC "%C8"15<5( = C&7

5- "YLAB : 7>#_D^^[.A0%019N -2#>8N!CC01 " <M%' 6A=L5( =C 2!=;

>7 5" 6N.2JC ' 'sz=xy"%ILsCsz=xy"%"I 6"%?C " <z"%"%"%I}9#"! 6C A". 2

E &"1 LAUW__DQVX°UW\jA}9#"]5?N*=, < N N-22""1 0C= "]00~ J

KqD>01 <x OQ&`\DQ6V`SN¥?^SVX°U[ËUW`[]PQ6V^_UW\&[1UYZ<Z(^` 8u(aBV~[WU°^`

" L2(2"% H 6A0%0]",L2 +'& H < (D=

"%" s+' (2"% H 6A0%0]",s+' + H 6 -(2

"%"%" }> (2" 01 D}8"%A0%0]",}> &+' 0] H"% -(2

" }>M2(2"j"%A 6A0%0Y ",}>8M2 &+' "A| 6 ((2.

L2"= , b <5( ?A001¼",L2 +'&, <5( ? ((2

" }>01 -2" "%A 6A 0%01 ",}>&01 +' "A| 6 ((2

(13)

Ks 6A"% Nz{FIL& 2Nzx<IL5( !> : "%A"1 -2;"A£9; 6CB701= : < "°7= 5( <AH6+' &=C (5~0

AA"HJ(9? ! <5- 7$"1 ?"YsC &"%C7"15- <5"]5( :9?"0%0> :> 9N - N <A£

ALC"1 }> &019¼J

KqD>01 : UW`~[%_GV`\U[WU°(Q []_V`\DU[1UY(Q

DM -2"1 ",z7=IDM &+'(

> DM/" ( ",DM/" {~

5 DM+' =( "%,M+ {~

2 DM/"%, =( "%,=DM/"%, {~

"% 5( : 6C'7= . 6"YsN&, (2!>* !AA"N °Q `~ 2="% 5( < &$M&$ ( N & H"YsN&, (2!>

AA" '¡z{>L - 'M®MBM/®MI 6ALC"1 ."% Nz{#IL 2! !78 "15<5( 7$D"1 ;5( !>

5- 8A01= (2Ns" NzI9? : :>(5&, s C ' NC"1 £J>N ;C (5D~0B7AA"3 2

& NM(9#"%0%0 " }> ! 01 (5D= (2!=$ s0] AYM

zI ? z=C (5 HIs A0

Ks !AA"N7Q69?8"15NCC -Gs"% ;zx"%"%IL& 2?"% ! <5( (¢~ & "10U1_G_QVXYU1\jA=LA}KL>01

zFIs@60%"%A <A|"L9# > -5( 6"s5- ?"% ?A-5> <5(!>" (2!9#"!V` Ë"% 8A01 (5= (2?AN

=9? #"% Nz&¯I&J

z&¯I "%,="2'Q 6!7H 6 -(2

> "%,7+ N2'Q 6!H ((2'YC>>"%0%"

5 "%,="%,3+Q' L :9;0]23zC>>0Is 6 ((2

9"°s7'Q(.0$7AA" (2!=; 6"% A01 -5= (2! >NA= z7 <FI"YD^XYX°^?:Q&S3>8! < $M

& 2!= . 6NC ; G8 5( <zDI6 "Y"] NAHzI&J

zDI ? z=C (5 HIz77'Q-Is A0

Ks <DM'N*> 6"= = (29?";6C7=7" { (7Css"= " :0~ <z'Lz{>IE=9

'C (5~&05"15( @ 6N=, (2N ! <M 601 "15(0 7>I&J

zD®I "%,=""%+' N2 6(2? (-2 £ : -2#=N ((2

> "%,=""%+' 8$3+~ :9;0]2; 6 ((2

Ks 6A" 0A!016*7 A :> J

zI ? zsz7C =AMHILC -5HIz7'Q(Is= A0

KL2 &" : 6 (0A. 6*7L 0] (5 <>0%"$=?NC N Lz. 2? 8A0%I 2

;N5&£ : <C"1 0 MKs 6NC01$"15(&0(2 77; L& 6?"% 8"%N0J8 ;AA"

01 (5D= (2?!7> !AA" -2#=? : 7>?=N"s01 AYM8Ks"%AB 6" &LC"1 &0YC AMH

(¢~ 5( 6"Ys L &01 (5= (2> 6 7H"Y9; 6$ zDªIsA 6$ 0A=!01( 2Nz{>I

'} 6NC01$"15(&0Cz{9# !¢~ :>(5, Ds"% 2"]5(= :9;2!> 2"1 ( :