• Aucun résultat trouvé

The use of renewable energy in Vietnam – status quo and challenges

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2021

Partager "The use of renewable energy in Vietnam – status quo and challenges"

Copied!
12
0
0

Texte intégral

(1)

HAL Id: hal-01638613

https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01638613

Submitted on 20 Nov 2017

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- entific research documents, whether they are pub- lished or not. The documents may come from

L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de An Truong. The use of renewable energy in Vietnam – status quo and challenges. Elecity: The Electrified City - Sustainable Cities in the Context of Energy Transition, Nov 2017, Hanoi, Vietnam.

�hal-01638613�

(2)

The use of renewable energy in Vietnam – status quo and challenges

An Ha Truong

truonganha87@gmail.com

Sustainable Cities - Context of Energy Transition Hanoi, 6 November 2017

RE in current energy mix (2015)

16682

13014 7172

1576 183

Installed capacity (MW)

Hydro Coal Gas turbine Oil fire Other

Source: Vietnam power system and power market operation 2015

56.1

56.4 47.5

0.532.4 1.3

Power production (bil. kWh)

Hydro

Coal

Gas turbine

Oil fired

Import

Other

(3)

Target

Sustainable energy accessibility

Green growth

Increase RE produced

Increase RE share in power sector

Solar thermal for water

heating Biogas

Cooking fuel transition Biofuel production

RE technology development

Modern/sustainable/affordable energy for all

RE Development strategy

Target

Sustainable energy accessibility

Green growth

Increase RE produced

Increase RE share in power sector

Solar thermal for water

heating Biogas

Cooking fuel transition Biofuel production

RE technology development

25% GHG reduced by 2030

40Mt coal, 3.7Mt oil avoided from import

(4)

RE Development strategy

Target

Sustainable energy accessibility

Green growth

Increase RE produced

Increase RE share in power sector

Solar thermal for water

heating Biogas

Cooking fuel transition Biofuel production

RE technology development

From 25MTOE to 62MTOE by 2030

RE Development strategy

Target

Sustainable energy accessibility

Green growth

Increase RE produced

Increase RE share in elec.

Gen.

Solar thermal for water

heating Biogas

Cooking fuel transition Biofuel production

RE technology development

From 35% to 38% by 2030 (this

account for large hydro power)

(5)

Target

Sustainable energy accessibility

Green growth

Increase RE produced

Increase RE share in elec.

Gen.

Solar thermal for water

heating Biogas

Cooking fuel transition Biofuel production

RE technology development

Area from 3 km2 to 22km2, used by 26% households by 2030, supply 3.1 MTOE

RE Development strategy

Target

Sustainable energy accessibility

Green growth

Increase RE produced

Increase RE share in elec.

Gen.

Solar thermal for water

heating Biogas

Cooking fuel transition Biofuel production

RE technology development

From 4 mil m3 to 60 mil m3 by 2030

(6)

RE Development strategy

Target

Sustainable energy accessibility

Green growth

Increase RE produced

Increase RE share in elec.

Gen.

Solar thermal for water

heating Biogas

Cooking fuel transition Biofuel production

RE technology development

Almost all rural

households use advance cook stove

RE Development strategy

Target

Sustainable energy accessibility

Green growth

Increase RE produced

Increase RE share in elec.

Gen.

Solar thermal for water

heating Biogas

Cooking fuel transition Biofuel production

RE technology development

From 15kTOE to 3.7MTOE

by 2030, cover 13% fuel

demand for transport

(7)

Target

Sustainable energy accessibility

Green growth

Increase RE produced

Increase RE share in elec.

Gen.

Solar thermal for water

heating Biogas

Cooking fuel transition Biofuel production

RE technology development

60% RE equipment domestically by 2030

RE potential in Vietnam

Biomass/

Biogas

Wind Solar Small hydro MSW Geothermal

Expected potential (MW)

8,500 27,000 130,000 7,000 400 300-4000

Existing 150 154 0 2300 2 0

Source

Biomass, Solar: N.D.Cuong. 2016. calculated from development targets that mentioned in (Decision No. 2068/QD-TTg) Wind: WB.2011. wind energy mapping

SHP: MoIT. 2015. Review on SHP development and IE. 2011. REMP, technical report

MSW, Geothermal: IE. 2011. RE development master plan, technical report

(8)

Mapping RE resources in Vietnam

• Project supported by WB and ESMAP’s RE Resource Mapping Initiative

• Duration: 2013 - 2019

• Mapping Wind, Solar, Biomass, Small Hydro

• Progress

• Small Hydro: GIS data on existing, potential

• Wind mapping: map available on IRENA Global Atlas

• Solar: map available on global solar atlas, site installation report

• Biomass: phase 1 on-going

Info from https://www.esmap.org/re_mapping_vietnam

Existing support mechanisms for RE

Decision 18/2008/QD-TTg

Circular 34/2014/TT-BTC ACT 2017 ~9.7$c

Decision 37/2011/QD-TTg

20yrs PPA Preference on loan, tax, land FIT = 7.8 $c/kWh

Proposed FIT 8.77$c on-shore 9.95$c off-shore

Decision 24/2014/QD-TTg

20yrs PPA Preference on loan, tax, land CHP FIT = 5.8$c ACT 2016 ~ 7.5$c

Decision 31/2014/QD-TTg

FIT burning = 10.05$c FIT gas = 7.28$c

Decision 11/2017/QD-TTg

20yrs PPA Preference on loan, tax, land FIT = 9.35 $c/kWh

Net metering On-grid and

rooftop

(9)

• Small hydro < 30MW

• Around 250 projects

• Total installed capacity (2015) ~ 2300MW

• Reaching potential

• Environmental and social concerns

Existing projects Potential projects

Source:

Wind development has good momentum

• 4 operating wind project (159 MW)

• Cover 2.7% wind power development target by 2030

• Wind project map http://gizenergy.org.vn/en/blog/map-renewable- energy-projects-Vietnam

• Target: 800MW by 2020; 2,000MW by 2030

(10)

Bioenergy still facing difficulties

• Biomass to power: 150MW CHP in 40 sugar mills. dedicated biomass power plant/co-firing plant not yet exist.

• Biofuel: bioethanol facilities is closing, E5 not used domestically

• Biogas: household scale and industrial scale exist

• Waste to power: first plant (Nedo 2MW) just completed

Solar is on the spotlight

• First solar PV project in Vietnam

Thien Tan 19.2MW in Quang Ngai Province

Ground breaking in 2015

• PV project is attracting investors

• Rooftop solar for water heating commercialized

• Rooftop PV: initial stage

• Target: 850MW by 2020,

4000MW by 2030.

(11)

Challenges for RE development in Vietnam

• Project development capacity

• Information/data availability

• Technology dependence

• Infrastructure readiness

Technical

• Low electricity price

• Large investment required

• Need national planning for RE

• Policy/mechanisms more effective

Non technical

Summary

• Vietnam has diversified and abundant RE resources

• Current development not yet meet potential

• Supporting mechanisms to each RE resources are in place

• Ambitious targets for RE development

• There are technical and non technical barriers for RE

(12)

Thank you for your attention!

Références

Documents relatifs

To test whether the vesicular pool of Atat1 promotes the acetyl- ation of -tubulin in MTs, we isolated subcellular fractions from newborn mouse cortices and then assessed

Néanmoins, la dualité des acides (Lewis et Bronsted) est un système dispendieux, dont le recyclage est une opération complexe et par conséquent difficilement applicable à

Cette mutation familiale du gène MME est une substitution d’une base guanine par une base adenine sur le chromosome 3q25.2, ce qui induit un remplacement d’un acide aminé cystéine

En ouvrant cette page avec Netscape composer, vous verrez que le cadre prévu pour accueillir le panoramique a une taille déterminée, choisie par les concepteurs des hyperpaysages

Chaque séance durera deux heures, mais dans la seconde, seule la première heure sera consacrée à l'expérimentation décrite ici ; durant la seconde, les élèves travailleront sur

A time-varying respiratory elastance model is developed with a negative elastic component (E demand ), to describe the driving pressure generated during a patient initiated

The aim of this study was to assess, in three experimental fields representative of the various topoclimatological zones of Luxembourg, the impact of timing of fungicide

Attention to a relation ontology [...] refocuses security discourses to better reflect and appreciate three forms of interconnection that are not sufficiently attended to