HAL Id: hal-00348537
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Submitted on 19 Dec 2008
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Model with a continuously distributed Value-of-Time
Fabien Leurent
To cite this version:
Fabien Leurent. The Theory and Practice of a Dual Criteria Assignment Model with a continuously distributed Value-of-Time. ISTTT, Jul 1996, Lyon, France. pp. 455-477. �hal-00348537�
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vα G rsm(vα)≤vα G rsn(vα) vα ∈Ersm
Ersm Ersn n ≠m # Ersm Ersn
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G rsm(u)≤G rsn(u) (P rsm−P rsn) /u≤ T rsn−T rsm ∀v∈Ersn , G rsm(v)≥ G rsn(v)
(P rsm−P rsn) /v≥T rsn−T rsm F
∀u∈Ersm, ∀v∈Ersn , (P rsm−P rsn) /u≤T rsn−T rsm ≤(P rsm−P rsn) /v .!
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v rsm =(P rsn−P rsm) / (T rsm−T rsn) =inf Ersn
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e = e(m rs) T rsn+(P rsn−P rsc(n)) /v rsn = T rsc(n)%
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T rsc(l)−T rsl & !
' T rsn+ lm =nrs−1(P rsl −P rsl+1) /v rsl =T rse +(P rse −P rsm rs) /v rse
m=lc(l) (P rsm−P rsm+1) /v rsl =(P rsl −P rsc(l)) / v rsl e(m)= l v rsm =v rsl (
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& 8@
qrsn >0
5 50 8@ 8@
I rsn(f;w)= T rsn+ lm =nrs−1(P rsl −P rsl+1) /v rsl
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5 56 >
Frs(x):= dt
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b k ) wb ≥0 zb(f)≤0 wbzb(f)=0
! ∀r−s−k, frsk >0 Irsk =minlIrsl
! ∀r−s, qrs >0 qrs =Drs
(
{minkGrsk(v)} dHrs(v))
? # ( 53 ! & . ! 53 !
' 8@ !
Trsk =T rsm qrsm >0 I rsm = minn(I rsn )#
Irsk =I rsm−Brs = minn(I rsn )−Brs = minn(I rsn −Brs) ≤minlIrsl .
!
? # > !
qrsm >0 ! '
frsk >0
I rsm−Brs =Irsk =minl(Trsl −T rsMrs(l)+I rsMrs(l)−Brs) I rsm ≤minnI rsn
" Irsk =minlIlrs ≤minl∈mIrsl
Trsk =T rsm
> # (ℜ+)N → ℜN C $
/! (f;w) V(f;w)=([Irsk(f;w)]rsk;[−zb(f)]b)
1 &
(f;w) & B" (f;w) ≥0
V(f;w) ≥0 V(f;w)⋅(f;w)= 0B
# ! Irsk ≥0 ! zb ≤0 ! frsk Irsk =0 !
wbzb =0
. ! ⇔ 1 ! ! wb≥0 53 1 . !
Brs =Irs+Drs−1−Srs minkIrsk =0 .
! F 1 ! ! frsk >0 Irsk =0≤minlIrsl .
! !
7 & & ( ˜ f ; ˜ w ) ≥0
& & (?!#
B ∀(f;w)≥0, V( ˜ f ; ˜ w )⋅(f−f ˜ ;w−w ˜ ) ≥0B (? (ℜ+)N 7 & 1
>
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i
qrs)−Frs(Qrs
i−1 qrs )) i=1
m rs
rs ]# > .//7 !
∂
∂frsk Jbic(f)=Irsk −Trsk +Drs−1(qrs)
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ta(f) Jt(f)
f ≥0 & )
minf≥0 J(f)=Jt(f)+Jbic(f)− rs 0qrsDrs−1(u) du E
zb(f)≤0 ( ta(f)=ta(xa)
Jt(f) = a 0xata(u) du
? J(f)=£ (f;0) > G
£ (f;w) =J(f)+ bzb.wb#
(? 7 &
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wb! ! %
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( xa(f)−Ca ≤0 >
LA(f;w;τ):=J (f)+2τ1 a(max {0 ;wa+τ(xa(f)−Ca)}2 −wa2) τ >0 5
t[n]a (u):= ta(u)+max {0 ;wa[n]+τ(u−Ca) }
minf J[n](f) E f ≥0
J[n](f):=LA(f;w[n];τ)
=
(
a 0xata[n](u) du)
+Jbic(f)− rs 0qrsDrs−1(u) du2 f[n]
wa[n+1]:= max {0 ;wa[n] +ρ(xa(f[n])−Ca) } ρ>0
C(n) = w[n+1]−w[n] ≤ε
- 7 .
τ =ρ=. 05 ε =5 ,
F 10
( w[0] =0 F .! < 70 6% F 0!
< .7 4% F .:! < / 1% F 1:! < 0 4 @ !
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d =2!
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fk '
L(θ)= ln
∏
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θn n ={ }
rb b ∪{
µ;σ}
πk(θ) ' ki(
πk(θ)=Hµ,σ(Uk)−Hµ,σ(Lk)
Uk Lk ' '=. '
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> θn
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Tk Pk
µ ˆ < A 14A ˆ σ < : 7A4 σ ˆ µ ˆ < : ::A0 σ ˆ σ ˆ < : :. Cov(µ ˆ ; ˆ σ ) / ˆ µ σ ˆ = −7e−6
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εX M ( '
L < " M! " εX
εY =(∇X F)εX εY
εX
( F(X, Y )=0 ∇Y F
εY =[∇Y F]−1[−∇X F]εX ./43! ( "
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εY =[∇Y∇Y J]−1[−∇X∇Y J ]εX
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N (T F;σTF )
N (T T;σTT )
K q
N (q ;σq)
K M σ
N (M ;σM) N (σ ;σσ) K p
∆T =TF−TT >0
v = ∆pT
fT =q
(
1−H( )
v)
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> ∆T =0. 2145 h p=15FF q =3000 veh/h
M =60 FF/h σ =0. 6 '
σq q = σσ
σ = σM
M =10%
σ∆T
∆T =15% ' 0N
! 7!
7 C
@ fT '
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R 76N .1N .:N
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Grsk(v)=Trsk+Prsk /v
Grsk(v)=G(Trsk; Prsk;v) '
Grsk(v)=Trsk+Prsk τrs(v)
τrs )
Hrs(v)
. #
K Grsk(v) Trsk +Prsk τrs(v)
Srs = {minkGrsk (v)}dHrs(v)
K v rsm τ rsm τrs(v rsm) τrs
K I rsm Irsk &
1/Hrs−1 τrs Hrs−1 K Frs(u)
0u(τrs Hrs−1)(t)dt τrs τrs
− 0u(τrs Hrs−1)(1−t)dt ( τrs F5" τ
F5"
1*+ % 6 % - "
Grsk(v)=Trsk+Prsk τrs(v)+εrsk(ω)
εrsk(ω)
E vrs εrsk {εrsk }k
vrs εrsk 8 C vrs
{
{εrsk }k;lnvrs}
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< * < =
> θm
πk #
∂L
∂θm =q Pk πk
∂πk
∂θm k
∂2L
∂θm∂θn = q Pk πk
∂2πk
∂θm∂θn − 1 πk
∂πk
∂θm
∂πk
∂θn k
2 πm(
{ }
ra ;µ;σ) µ σHµ,σ ra Um Lm
v mm+n:= P
m+n−Pm Tm−Tm+n 2
∂
∂µπm = ∂µ∂Hµ,σ(Um)−∂µ∂Hµ,σ(Lm)
∀D ∈ ∂µ∂ ;∂σ∂ ;∂µ ∂σ∂2 ; ∂2
∂µ2; ∂2
∂σ2
Dπm =DHµ,σ(Um)−DHµ,σ(Lm)
ra
' Xa,k = Xa,m(k)
∂
∂rav mm+n = Xa,m+n− Xa,m
Tm−Tm+n
∂2
∂ra∂rbv mm+n =0
*
∂πm
∂ra = ∂Hµ,σ(Um)
∂x
∂Um
∂ra −∂Hµ,σ(Lm)
∂x
∂Lm
∂ra
∂2πm
∂ra∂rb = ∂2Hµ,σ(Um)
∂x2
∂Um
∂ra
∂Um
∂rb −∂2Hµ,σ(Lm)
∂x2
∂Lm
∂ra
∂Lm
∂rb
∂2πm
∂ra∂µ =
∂2Hµ,σ(Um)
∂µ∂x
∂Um
∂ra −∂2Hµ,σ(Lm)
∂µ∂x
∂Lm
∂ra
∂2πm
∂ra∂σ =
∂2Hµ,σ(Um)
∂σ∂x
∂Um
∂ra −∂2Hµ,σ(Lm)
∂σ∂x
∂Lm
∂ra
< *
&%
µ σ
H(x)= Φ(ln(x)−µσ ) Φ
F5" : . > φ
φ(t)=exp(−t2/ 2) / 2π 5
ln(x)−µ
σ tx
#
H−1(y)=exp
(
µ+σΦ−1(y))
F(x)= 1
H−1(u)du 0
x
=exp(σ2
2 −µ)Φ Φ
(
−1(x)−σ)
∂ /∂x /∂µ /∂σ
H(x)= φ(tx) σ
1 /x
−1
−tx
∂2
/∂x2 /∂x∂µ /∂x∂σ
× /∂µ2 /∂µ∂σ
× × /∂σ2
H(x)= φ(tx) σ2
−(σ+tx) /x2 tx/ x −(1−tx2) /x
× −tx 1−tx2
× × tx.(2−tx2)
< *
)
7+
7,
? ?.# " .! ∃u∈Ersm (P rsn−P rsm) /u>0 0<T rsm−T rsn >
v0:=(P rsn−P rsm) / (T rsm−T rsn)# .! v0 ∈[supErsm; inf Ersn ] (
supErsm = inf Ersn v∈]sup Ersm; inf Ersn [ Ersi
B B Ersm Ersn $
v rsm =sup Ersm =inf Ersn =(P rsn−P rsm) / (T rsm−T rsn)
? ?1# - 8@
Qrsn = mefficient ≤nqrsm
= qrs E dHrs(v)
rs
mefficient ≤n m = qrsHrs(v rsn)
e(n)=n (
Qrsn =Qrse(n) Qrsn =qrsHrs(v rse(n))
!
? # qrsm ≥0 Hrs
& n v rse(n) % mqrsm =qrs
Qrsm rs =qrsHrs(v rse(m rs)) = qrsHrs(Hrs−1(1)) =qrs ( e(n)= e(n−1)
Qrsn−1=Qrsn qrsn =Qrsn −Qrsn−1 =0 (
qrs E dHrs(v)
rs
m =
qrsHrs(v rsn)−qrsHrs(v rse(n−1)) =Qrsn −Qrsn−1 = qrsn
? ?7# ?1
& >
) & #
F A#
! !
Qj =Qm v rsm =v rsm v rsm ∈Ersm
G rsm(v rsm) =minnG rsn(v rsm) ≤G rsj (v rsm)= T rsj+P rsj /v rsj
Qj =Qm I rsm ≤ I rsj
(P rsi −P rsi+1) / v rsi m<i< j P rsm < P rsj j <i<m P rsm > P rsj
? # -
[qrsm]m Ωrs > v∈ Ωrs#
Ωrs ⊂ m[v rsm−1;v rsm] ' 8@ ! v∈[v rsm−1;v rsm]
v rsm−1<v rsm > ! )
n ≤m I rsn −I rsm =T rsn−T rsm+ i=nm−1(P rsi −P rsi+1) /v rsi % n ≤i<m
v rsi ≤v rsm−1≤v (P rsi −P rsi+1) /v rsi ≤(P rsi −P rsi+1) /v 2
i=nm−1(P rsi −P rsi+1) / v rsi ≤ i=m−1n (P rsi −P rsi+1) /v =(P rsn −P rsm) /v
qrsm >0 0≤I rsn −I rsm 0≤T rsn−T rsm+(P rsn −P rsm) /v
G rsm(v)≤ G rsn(v) ( n ≥m v rsi ≥v rsm−1≥v
n ≥i≥m −(P rsi −P rsi+1) /v rsi ≤ −(P rsi −P rsi+1) /v ! .
− i=m−1n (P rsi −P rsi+1) /v rsi ≤ − i=nm−1(P rsi −P rsi+1) /v =(P rsn −P rsm) /v "
I rsn −I rsm =T rsn−T rsm− i=mn−1(P rsi −P rsi+1) /v rsi
0≤I rsn −I rsm G rsm(v)≤ G rsn(v)